JPWO2015108048A1 - 抗腫瘍作用を有するキラル核酸アジュバンド及び抗腫瘍剤 - Google Patents
抗腫瘍作用を有するキラル核酸アジュバンド及び抗腫瘍剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2015108048A1 JPWO2015108048A1 JP2015557839A JP2015557839A JPWO2015108048A1 JP WO2015108048 A1 JPWO2015108048 A1 JP WO2015108048A1 JP 2015557839 A JP2015557839 A JP 2015557839A JP 2015557839 A JP2015557839 A JP 2015557839A JP WO2015108048 A1 JPWO2015108048 A1 JP WO2015108048A1
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Abstract
Description
ここで,上記のCpGは,リン酸骨格修飾を有さない非メチル化CpGである。また,X1は,A又はTであり,X2は,A又はTである。
そして,オリゴヌクレオチドは,少なくとも2つのCpGモチーフの3’側にホスホロチオエート結合された核酸塩基が接続される。5’末端及び3’末端は,ホスホロチオエート(PS)結合されたS型の核酸塩基である。オリゴヌクレオチドは,PS修飾されていない塩基を少なくともひとつ以上含む。PS修飾されていない塩基は,上記したCpGモチーフ以外の部分にも存在することが好ましい。
ヌクレオチドの合成方法は公知である。よって,本発明のヌクレオチドは公知の方法に従って製造できる。本発明のヌクレオチドは,例えば特許4580870号,又は国際公開2010/064146号パンフレットに開示された方法を採用できる。
CpGオリゴ核酸(mix体)
ホスホロアミダイト法を用いて合成し,HPLCにて精製したオリゴ核酸(Mix体)をジーンデザイン社から購入した。
核酸の鎖長延長を以下の(i)〜(iv)のステップを繰返すことにより行なった。
(i) 3% DCA(ジクロロ酢酸)/CH2Cl2(15秒),
(ii) 縮合(0.1M モノマーのMeCN溶液(下記参照)と1M PhIMT(1−フェニルイミダゾリウムトリフラート)のMeCN溶液の1:1混合溶液,5分)
(iii) キャップ化(0.5M CF3COImのTHF溶液と1M DMAN(1,8−ビスジメチルアミノナフタレン)のTHF溶液の1:1混合液,30秒),
(iv) 硫化(0.1M DDTTのMeCN用液,90秒)もしくは酸化(0.02M I2のH2O−ピリミジン(Pyridine)−THF溶液,15秒)。
チミジル酸H−ホスホネート(phosphonate)モノエステル(25マイクロmol)を脱水ピリジン,脱水トルエンで共沸乾燥後,MeCN−CMP(N−シアノメチルピロリジン)混合液(9:1,v/v;250μL)に溶かした。溶液にPh3PCl2(62.5マイクロmol)を加え10分間撹拌し,続いてAA−L(30マイクロmol;Sp体の場合はAA−D)を加えさらに10分間撹拌することで,モノマー溶液を調整した。
Bウイルス陰性カニクイザル血液(株式会社新日本科学から購入)をハンクス平衡塩(Hanks’Balanced Salt Solution)で3倍希釈し,フィコール・パック・プラス(Ficoll−Paque PLUS)比重液に重層後,遠心分離(2,600 rpm,30 min)を行い,末梢血単核球(PBMC)画分を採取した。PBMCをRPMI培地(+1% ペニシリン・ストレプトマイシン)で洗浄した後,RPMI培地(+10%FBS,1% ペニシリンストレプトマイシン)に細胞濃度が3×106cells/mLとなるように調製した。その後,96ウェルU底プレートに播種し,種々のオリゴ核酸(オリゴDNA:DOTAP 1:3.2混合物)とともに5%CO2インキュベーターで17〜24時間培養した。培養終了後,遠心分離(500rpm,5min)により,培養上清を回収した。培養上清中のIFN−アルファの濃度をエライザキット(ELISA Kit)(PBL社)を用いて測定した。
配列番号119で示される塩基配列を有するヌクレオチド(従来のヌクレオチド:化合物119)について実施例2と同様に実験を行い,IFN−アルファの濃度を測定した。その結果を表4に示す。
実験方法
マウス脾臓細胞単離
脾臓細胞単離には10〜13週齢のBALB/cAnNCrlCrljマウス(日本チャールス・リバー株式会社から購入)から採取した脾臓を用いた。採取した脾臓を,滅菌PBS内でニードルを用いて粉砕し細胞懸濁液を70μmのセルストレーナーに通して回収した。遠心分離後,赤血球溶解液を添加し赤血球を取り除き,PBSで洗浄したものをマウス脾臓細胞として測定に用いた。
マウス脾臓細胞をアッセイ培地:RPMI+10%FBS+100 IU/mLペニシリン+100μg/mLストレプトマイシンを用いて1×105 cells/mLの濃度に調製し96ウェル平底プレートに50μL/wellずつ播種した。RPMI培地で最終濃度の2倍濃度に希釈した種々の化合物を50μL/wellずつ添加して20〜24時間培養した。培養後,製造業者の指示書に従い,Cell Proliferation ELISA, BrdU (colorimetric)キット(Roche Diagnostics)を用いて細胞増殖測定を実施した。その結果を表5に示す。
結果は対照化合物(化合物119)の値を100%として表示した。いずれの化合物もマウス脾臓細胞の増殖を誘導した。
Bウイルス陰性カニクイザル血液(株式会社新日本科学から購入)をハンクス平衡塩(Hancks’ Balaced Salt Solution)で2倍希釈し,フィコール・パックプラス(Ficoll-Paque PLUS)比重液に重層後,遠心分離(2,600 rpm,30分)を行い,末梢血単核球(PBMC)画分を採取した。PBMCを洗浄用培地:RPMI+100 IU/mLペニシリン+100μg/mLストレプトマイシンで洗浄した後,アッセイ培地:RPMI+10%FBS+100IU/mLぺニシリン+100μg/mLストレプトマイシンに細胞濃度が3×106 cells/mLとなるように調製した。その後,96ウェルU底プレートに播種し,種々の化合物(CpG ODN:DOTAP 1:3.2混合物)と共に5%CO2インキュベーターで16〜20時間培養した。培養終了後,遠心分離(500 rpm,5分)し培養上清を回収した。培養上清中のサイトカインプロファイルは,Milliplex MAP Kit Non−Human Primate Cytokine Magnetic Beads Panel(Merck)を用いてIFN−γ,IL−4,IL−6,IL−10,IL−12/23(p40),IL−8,TNF−αの7種のサイトカインを測定した。
サイトカインの結果は対照化合物(化合物119)の値を100%として表示した。いずれの化合物もサル末梢血単核球に対して,Th1サイトカイン(IFN−γ)および抗腫瘍サイトカイン(TNF−α)に対して強い産生誘導作用を示したが,Th2サイトカインであるIL−4に対しては影響を及ぼさなかった(表6)。
化合物の投与
C57BL/6Jマウス(日本チャールス・リバー株式会社から購入)に,種々のオリゴ核酸を(20μg/Body)を腹腔内に単回投与した。投与前,投与後1及び4時間後,剖検時(投与後約24時間)に採血を実施し採取した血清をサイトカイン測定に用いた。
マウス脾臓細胞単離
脾臓細胞単離には8週齢のC57BL/6Jマウス(日本チャールス・リバー株式会社から購入)から採取した脾臓を用いた。採取した脾臓を,滅菌PBS内でニードルを用いて粉砕し細胞懸濁液を70μmのセルストレーナーに通して回収した。遠心後,赤血球溶解液を添加し赤血球を取り除き,PBSで洗浄したものをマウス脾臓細胞としてアッセイに用いた。
細胞傷害活性測定は,エフェクター細胞にマウス脾臓細胞,ターゲット細胞にYAC-1を用いて実施した。ターゲット細胞をカルセインで染色し,エフェクター細胞によって傷害されたターゲット細胞から放出されるカルセインの蛍光強度を測定した。細胞傷害活性は以下の式で算出した。
細胞傷害活性(%) = (Test − Background-Spontaneous)/
(Maximum Rerease − Background-Spontaneous)
1.5×106 cellsのターゲット細胞を2.5 mLの増殖培地:RPMI+RPMI+100IU/mLペニシリン+100μg/mLストレプトマイシンに懸濁し,1mg/mL Calcein−AM solutionを25μL添加した。2〜3回転倒混和にて混合し,15分間5%CO2インキュベーターでインキュベーションする工程を2回繰り返した。その後,遠心分離(1100rpm,5分,室温)し,上清を除去して増殖培地で2×105cells/mLに調製し,ターゲット細胞溶液とした。
単離したマウス脾臓細胞を増殖培地で1×107cells/mLに調製し,エフェクター細胞溶液とした。
ターゲット細胞溶液とエフェクター細胞溶液を96well U底プレートに以下の組成で細胞を播き込み,4時間5%CO2インキュベーターでインキュベーションし培養上清の蛍光強度を測定した。
Spontaneous:ターゲット細胞が自然に放出するカルセイン蛍光強度
Maximum Release:ターゲット細胞をTritonで傷害した際に放出するカルセイン蛍光強度
Test:エフェクター細胞によりターゲット細胞が傷害され放出されるカルセイン蛍光強度
実験結果を図1に示す。図1は,NK細胞活性を示す図である。図1では,左から化合物56,57,82,101,103,又は109及び立体異性が無処置のものを示す。化合物56,57,82,103および109のSp型立体異性体は無処置(Naive)と比較して,NK細胞活性が増強されていた(図1)。
実験方法
担癌モデルの作製および化合物の投与
7週齢のC3H/Heマウスの皮下に3×106個のFM3A細胞を接種し,担癌マウスを作製した。細胞接種から14日目に腫瘍体積を測定し,その腫瘍内に本化合物投与液(30μg/個体)または生理食塩水(対照群)を投与した。
化合物投与−11,−7,−4,−1,0,2,4,7,9,11,14,16,18,21,23,25,28,29日目に1回,腫瘍径を電子ノギスで測定し,下記の計算式に従い腫瘍体積を算出した。
腫瘍体積(mm3)=長径(mm)×[短径(mm)]2/2
実験結果を図2に示す。図2は腫瘍体積を示すグラフである。データは,左から生理食塩水,化合物78(S型),化合物78と同じ配列を有し,化合物78のSp型の立体異性体部分の一部がRp型の立体異性体に置き換わったSp型及びRp型の混合物,比較対象としての化合物119を示す。化合物78投与群では,生理食塩水および対照化合物投与群と比較して腫瘍体積が縮小した。さらに,化合物78を用いて立体異性体の作用を比較検討すると,Sp立体異性体は立体混合体(Mix)に比べて顕著な腫瘍増殖抑制作用を示した。
実験方法
担癌モデルの作製および化合物の投与
6週齢のC57BL/6Jマウスの皮下に2×105個のB16F10細胞および本化合物(化合物78)投与液(30μg/個体)を接種し,担癌マウスを作製した。対照群には,生理食塩水もしくは陽性対照ヌクレオチド(化合物119)投与液(30μg/個体)を投与した。
化合物投与7,9,11,14,16,18,21,23,25,28,30,32,34日目に1回,腫瘍径を電子ノギスで測定し,下記の計算式に従い腫瘍体積を算出した。
腫瘍体積(mm3)=長径(mm)×[短径(mm)]2/2
化合物投与開始日(0日目)から,剖検日(34日目)まで飼および一般状態の観察を実施した。腫瘍体積の測定にて腫瘍径が20mm(腫瘍体積として4000mm3)を超えた動物は瀕死と判断し,速やかに剖検して死亡例として扱った。生存率は下記の計算式に従い算出した。
生存率(%)=死亡例(匹)/生存例(匹)×100
化合物78投与群では,生理食塩水と比較して腫瘍の増殖速度が顕著に低下した。さらに,化合物78を用いて立体異性体の作用を比較検討すると,Sp立体異性体は立体混合体(Mix)あるいは陽性対照ヌクレオチド(化合物119)に比べて明らかな腫瘍増殖抑制作用を示した(図3)。
Claims (7)
- 5’−X1CpGX2−3’からなる配列であるCpGモチーフを2〜4個含む14〜32ヌクレオチド長のオリゴヌクレオチドを含むアジュバンドであって,
前記CpGは,リン酸骨格修飾を有さない非メチル化CpGであり,
前記X1は,A又はTであり,
前記X2は,A又はTであり,
少なくとも2つのCpGモチーフの3’側にホスホロチオエート(PS)結合された核酸塩基が接続され,
5’末端及び3’末端は,PS結合されたS型の核酸塩基であり,
前記オリゴヌクレオチドは,PS修飾されていない塩基を少なくともひとつ以上含む,
抗腫瘍剤用アジュバンド。 - 請求項1に記載のアジュバンドであって,
前記X1は,Aであり,
前記X2は,Tであり,
前記ホスホロチオエート結合された核酸塩基は,PS結合された第1のS化Tである,
アジュバンド。 - 請求項2に記載のアジュバンドであって,
前記第1のS化Tの3’側にPS結合された第2のS化Tを含み,
5‘末端に隣接する塩基は,PS結合されたS型の核酸塩基であり,
3’末端に隣接する塩基は,PS結合されたS型の核酸塩基である,
アジュバンド。 - 請求項1に記載のアジュバンドであって,
前記オリゴヌクレオチドは,配列番号4,6,26,33,42,43,49〜51,56〜58,60〜63,74,78〜80,82,83,85〜96,98,99,101〜106,108,109,111〜118から選択されるいずれかの塩基配列を有するオリゴヌクレオチドである,
アジュバンド。 - 請求項1に記載のアジュバンドであって,
前記オリゴヌクレオチドは,
配列番号56,57,82,103,又は109で示される塩基配列を有するオリゴヌクレオチドであるか,
配列番号56,57,82,103,又は109で示される塩基配列を有するオリゴヌクレオチドから1又は2個の塩基が欠失,置換,付加又は挿入された配列からなるオリゴヌクレオチドであって,抗腫瘍作用を有するオリゴヌクレオチドである,
アジュバンド。 - 請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載のアジュバンドを含む,抗腫瘍剤。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載のアジュバンドを含み,
前記オリゴヌクレオチドを有効成分として含む,抗腫瘍剤。
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US20160331836A1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
EP3095459A1 (en) | 2016-11-23 |
EP3095459A4 (en) | 2017-08-23 |
US10149905B2 (en) | 2018-12-11 |
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