JP2017022391A - マイクロデバイス転写ヘッド - Google Patents
マイクロデバイス転写ヘッド Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2017022391A JP2017022391A JP2016169199A JP2016169199A JP2017022391A JP 2017022391 A JP2017022391 A JP 2017022391A JP 2016169199 A JP2016169199 A JP 2016169199A JP 2016169199 A JP2016169199 A JP 2016169199A JP 2017022391 A JP2017022391 A JP 2017022391A
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- Prior art keywords
- transfer head
- microdevice
- mesa structure
- electrode
- array
- Prior art date
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- Y10T156/1744—Means bringing discrete articles into assembled relationship
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/17—Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means
- Y10T156/1702—For plural parts or plural areas of single part
- Y10T156/1744—Means bringing discrete articles into assembled relationship
- Y10T156/1749—All articles from single source only
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/17—Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means
- Y10T156/1702—For plural parts or plural areas of single part
- Y10T156/1744—Means bringing discrete articles into assembled relationship
- Y10T156/1776—Means separating articles from bulk source
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Abstract
Description
本願は、この参照により全開示が本明細書内に組み込まれる、2011年11月18日付で出願された米国特許仮出願第61/561,706号、2012年2月3日付で出願された米国特許仮出願第61/594,919号、及び2012年2月9日付で出願された米国特許仮出願第61/597,109号の優先権を主張するものである。
一実施形態では、マイクロデバイスをピックアップする前に、又はその過程で、マイクロデバイスをキャリア基板に接続する接着層内で相転移を生じさせる作業が追加的に実行される。
一実施形態において、マイクロデバイスのアレイをピックアップする前に、マイクロデバイスのアレイをキャリア基板に接続する接着層の横方向の別個の場所のアレイ内で相転移が生じる。
例えば、転写先基板は、ディスプレイ基板、照明基板、トランジスタ若しくは集積回路(IC)のような機能デバイスを有する基板、又は金属再配線を有する基板であることができるが、これらに限定されるものではない。実施形態によっては、本明細書内で説明するマイクロデバイス及びマイクロデバイスのアレイは、図27〜図29に図示したマイクロLEDデバイス構造体、並びに関連する米国特許仮出願第61/561,706号及び米国特許仮出願第61/594,919号に記載されているものの何れかであることができる。本発明の実施形態の幾つかは特にマイクロLEDについて説明しているが、本発明の実施形態はこれに限定されるものではなく、特定の実施形態はダイオード、トランジスタ、IC、及びMEMSのような他のマイクロデバイスにも適用できることが理解されるべきである。
P=[εo/2][Vεr/d]2−−−−−(1)
但し、εo=8.85×10-12、Vはボルト(V)の単位で表される電極−基板間電圧、εrは誘電率、及びdはメートル(m)の単位で表される誘電体の厚さである。2本のグリップ電極を使用する双極グリッパでは、上記式の電圧(V)は電極AとBとの間の電圧の半分、即ち[VA−VB]/2である。基板の電位は、平均電位、即ち[VA=VB]/2に中心がある。この平均値は、通常、VA=[−VB]となり、ゼロである。
P=[εo/2][Vεr/(d+εrg)]2−−−−−(2)
異なる線は、電界が一定に保たれた状態における、転写ヘッド上のTa2O5誘電体層の0.5μm〜2.0μmの異なる厚さに対応している。図示のように、これらの条件下では、約1nm(0.001μm)未満の大きさのエアギャップでは、グリップ圧力には有意な影響は見られず、条件によっては更に10nm(0.01μm)の大きさであっても有意な影響は見られない。しかし、条件を変更することにより、許容できるエアギャップを増加させたり減少させたりすることができることが理解されるべきである。このように、本発明の幾つかの実施形態によれば、ピックアップ作業時にエアギャップの一定の大きさの許容誤差は発生し得、マイクロデバイス転写ヘッドとマイクロデバイスの導電性の上面との実際の接触は必ずしも必要ではない。
sqrt(P×2/εo)=Vεr/d−−−−−(3)
あるいは、金属層を堆積させた後にパターン形成及びエッチングを実施して所望のパターンを実現することもできる。電極リード線114は、電極116からメサ形構造体104の上面108(及び任意の不活性化層110の上面109)を覆って、メサ形構造体104の側壁106に沿って(かつ任意の不活性化層110の側壁107に沿って)伸びることができる。電極116及び電極リード線114を形成するために使用される導電層112は、単一の層であってもよく、又は複数の層であってもよい。金属、金属合金、耐熱金属、及び耐熱金属合金などの様々な導電性材料を用いて導電層112を形成することができる。一実施形態において、導電層112は、最大5,000オングストローム(0.5μm)の厚さを有する。一実施形態において、導電層112は、プラチナ又は耐熱金属若しくは耐熱金属合金のような高融点金属を含む。例えば、導電層は、プラチナ、チタン、バナジウム、クロム、ジルコニウム、ニオブ、モリブデン、ルテニウム、ロジウム、ハフニウム、タンタル、タングステン、レニウム、オスミウム、イリジウム、及びこれらの合金を含むことができる。一般に、耐熱金属及び耐熱金属合金はその他の金属よりも高い耐熱性及び耐摩耗性を呈する。一実施形態において、導電層112は、約500オングストローム(0.05μm)厚のチタンタングステン(TiW)耐熱金属合金である。
一実施形態によれば、電極116は、パターン形成の許容誤差内に留まりながらも、メサ形構造体/不活性化層104/110の上面108/109の表面積を、可能な限り最大限覆っている。空きスペースの大きさを最小限にすることにより静電容量が増大し、その結果、マイクロデバイス転写ヘッドによって実現できるグリップ圧力を増加させることができる。図2にはメサ形構造体/不活性化層104/110の上面108/109の上に一定の大きさの空きスペースが図示されているものの、電極116は、上面108/109全体を覆うことができる。電極116はまた、上面108/109よりも僅かに大きくてもよく、メサ形構造体/不活性化層104/110の側壁106/107を部分的に下方に延伸して上面108/109を完全に覆うことを確実にすることができる。メサのアレイは様々に異なるピッチを有することができ、本発明の実施形態は、10μmピッチのメサ形構造体/不活性化層104/110の例示的な7μm×7μmの上面に限定されないことが理解されるべきである。
接地平面130は、電極又はビアを形成するために使用する導電性材料と同じ導電性材料、又は異なる導電性材料で形成することができる。また、接地平面130の形成後に誘電体層120に匹敵する質(例えば絶縁耐性)の誘電体層を堆積する必要がないので、接地平面130は、電極を形成するために使用する導電性材料よりも低い融解温度を有する導電性材料で形成することもできる。
このような温度では、接着層は、マイクロLEDデバイスの他の構成要素に著しい影響を及ぼさずに相転移を経ることができる。例えば、接着層は、除去可能な金属若しくは金属合金、又は熱可塑性ポリマーで形成することができる。例えば、接着層は、インジウム、スズ、又はポリエチレン若しくはポリプロピレンのような熱可塑性ポリマーを含むことができる。例えば、接着層が温度の変化に応答して固体から液体への相転移を経る場合、ピックアップ作業時に接着層の一部分がマイクロLEDデバイスの上に残ってもよい。このような実施形態において、後続の工程で転写先基板に転写されたときにマイクロLEDデバイスに悪影響を及ぼさないように、接着層は導電性材料で形成されることが有益である可能性がある。この場合、転写中にマイクロLEDデバイス上に残る導電性接着層の一部分は、転写先基板上の導体パッドにマイクロLEDデバイスを接着させる補助をすることができる。ある特定の実施形態において、接着層は、156.7℃の融解温度を有するインジウムで形成することができる。接着層は、基板201全体に亘って横方向に連続していてもよく、又は横方向の別個の場所に形成することもできる。例えば、接着層の横方向の別個の場所は、マイクロp−nダイオード若しくは金属被覆層の底面よりも狭い幅又はこれとほぼ同じ幅を有することができる。実施形態によっては、マイクロp−nダイオードは、必要に応じて基板上のポスト202の上に形成することができる。
一般的な合金は単一温度ではなくある温度範囲に亘って融解する。したがって、はんだ合金は、多くの場合、合金が液体の状態に留まる最低温度に対応する液相線温度、及び合金が固体の状態に留まる最高温度に対応する固相線温度によって特徴付けられる。本発明の実施形態に利用できる例示的な低融点はんだ材料のリストを表2に提示する。
Claims (20)
- ベース基板と、
側壁を含むメサ形構造体と、
前記メサ形構造体を覆って形成された電極と、
前記電極を覆う誘電体層と、を備える、マイクロデバイス転写ヘッド。 - 前記側壁が、テーパ形状であり、前記ベース基板から離れて前記メサ形構造体の上面へ突出し、前記電極が、前記上面の上に形成されている、請求項1に記載のマイクロデバイス転写ヘッド。
- 前記メサ形構造体の前記上面上の前記電極から、前記メサ形構造体の側壁に沿って通る電極リード線を更に備える、請求項2に記載のマイクロデバイス転写ヘッド。
- 前記誘電体層は、前記メサ形構造体の前記側壁に沿って前記電極リード線を覆う、請求項3に記載のマイクロデバイス転写ヘッド。
- 前記メサ形構造体を通って前記電極を電極リード線に接続するビアを更に備える、請求項1に記載のマイクロデバイス転写ヘッド。
- 前記誘電体層を覆って形成され、前記メサ形構造体を囲む、導電性接地平面を更に備える、請求項1に記載のマイクロデバイス転写ヘッド。
- 前記メサ形構造体が、前記ベース基板と一体的に形成されている、請求項1に記載のマイクロデバイス転写ヘッド。
- 前記電極が、プラチナ、チタン、バナジウム、クロム、ジルコニウム、ニオブ、モリブデン、ルテニウム、ロジウム、ハフニウム、タンタル、タングステン、レニウム、オスミウム、イリジウム、及びそれらの合金からなる群から選択される材料を含む、請求項1に記載のマイクロデバイス転写ヘッド。
- 前記電極は、TiWを含む、請求項1に記載のマイクロデバイス転写ヘッド。
- 前記誘電体層は、Al2O3及びTa2O5からなる群から選択される誘電材料を含む、請求項1に記載のマイクロデバイス転写ヘッド。
- 前記メサ形構造体の前記上面上に形成された1対の電極を更に備え、前記誘電体層は前記1対の電極を覆う、請求項2に記載のマイクロデバイス転写ヘッド。
- 1対の電極リード線の対を更に備え、各電極リード線が、前記メサ形構造体の前記上面上の対応する電極から、前記メサ形構造体の側壁に沿って伸びる、請求項11に記載のマイクロデバイス転写ヘッド。
- 前記誘電体層は、前記メサ形構造体の前記側壁に沿って前記1対の電極リード線を覆う、請求項12に記載のマイクロデバイス転写ヘッド。
- 前記メサ形構造体を通り、前記1対の電極のうちの1つを電極リード線に接続するビアを更に備える、請求項11に記載のマイクロデバイス転写ヘッド。
- ベース基板と、
メサ形構造体のアレイであって、各メサ形構造体が側壁及び前記メサ形構造体を覆って形成された電極を含む、前記メサ形構造体のアレイと、
前記メサ形構造体のアレイ及び各メサ形構造体を覆って形成された各電極を覆う誘電体層と、を備える、マイクロデバイス転写ヘッドアレイ。 - 前記誘電体層を覆い、前記メサ形構造体のそれぞれを囲んで形成されている導電性接地平面を更に含む、請求項15に記載のマイクロデバイス転写ヘッドアレイ。
- 各メサ形構造体が、前記ベース基板と一体的に形成されている、請求項15に記載のマイクロデバイス転写ヘッドアレイ。
- 各電極が、プラチナ、チタン、バナジウム、クロム、ジルコニウム、ニオブ、モリブデン、ルテニウム、ロジウム、ハフニウム、タンタル、タングステン、レニウム、オスミウム、イリジウム、及びそれらの合金からなる群から選択される材料を含む、請求項15に記載のマイクロデバイス転写ヘッドアレイ。
- 各電極は、TiWを含む、請求項15に記載のマイクロデバイス転写ヘッド。
- 前記誘電体層は、Al2O3及びTa2O5からなる群から選択される誘電材料を含む、請求項15に記載のマイクロデバイス転写ヘッド。
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US13/372,277 US8646505B2 (en) | 2011-11-18 | 2012-02-13 | Micro device transfer head |
US13/372,310 US8333860B1 (en) | 2011-11-18 | 2012-02-13 | Method of transferring a micro device |
US13/372,277 | 2012-02-13 | ||
US13/372,292 | 2012-02-13 | ||
US13/372,292 US9620478B2 (en) | 2011-11-18 | 2012-02-13 | Method of fabricating a micro device transfer head |
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