CN104284805B - 带腰部支撑件的车辆座椅 - Google Patents

带腰部支撑件的车辆座椅 Download PDF

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CN104284805B
CN104284805B CN201380023744.9A CN201380023744A CN104284805B CN 104284805 B CN104284805 B CN 104284805B CN 201380023744 A CN201380023744 A CN 201380023744A CN 104284805 B CN104284805 B CN 104284805B
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seat
lordosis support
support
load
lordosis
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CN104284805A (zh
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K·塞博尔德
A·I·巴林
I·金克
J·林嫩布林克
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Johnson Controls Technology Co
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Johnson Controls Technology Co
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Abstract

一种具有椅座部分(2)和靠背(3)的车辆座椅(1)，所述靠背包括腰部支撑件(7)，其中所述腰部支撑件(7)具有朝向座椅乘员背部的腰部顶点(7.1)并且从这里逐渐变薄，以及其中所述腰部支撑件包括悬置部(9，11，12)，其导致在腰部顶点(7.1)处具有主要负载吸收(8.1)的负载分布。

Description

带腰部支撑件的车辆座椅
要求的优先权
本申请要求2012年5月7日提交的序列号为61/643,587号美国申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用被并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有椅座部分和靠背的车辆座椅，其中靠背包括腰部支撑件。
背景技术
这种车辆座椅在现有技术的状态下是公知的。然而，对于提高车辆座椅的安全性特别是有关颈部过度屈伸损伤的安全性而言存在持续的需求。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是提高车辆座椅的安全性，特别是有关颈部过度屈伸损伤(whiplash)的安全性。
该目的通过具有椅座部分和靠背的一种车辆座椅来实现，靠背包括腰部支撑件，所述腰部支撑件具有板状的结构并且由塑料材料制成，其中所述腰部支撑件具有朝向座椅乘员背部的腰部顶点并且从所述顶点逐渐变薄，其中所述腰部支撑件包括悬置部，其导致在腰部顶点处具有主要负载吸收的负载分布，其中在所述腰部顶点的区域中，所述腰部支撑件包括负载吸收装置，所述负载吸收装置被构造成用于吸收来自座椅乘员的所有负载，所述负载吸收装置是在车辆座椅的顶点区域中的主要靠置弹簧元件，形成与所述腰部支撑件一体的弹性区域，所述弹性区域被构造成在发生后部碰撞的情况下弹性变形。
本发明涉及具有椅座部分和靠背的一种车辆座椅。在靠背中设置腰部支撑件以便在正常使用过程中、但特别是在发生碰撞的过程中、尤其是在发生后部碰撞的过程中给座椅乘员的背部提供支撑。腰部支撑件优选从座椅乘员的臀部延伸直到该座椅乘员的肩部区域。腰部支撑件优选是板形件或具有板状的结构和/或具有网状结构。腰部支撑件可由金属、塑料、纤维增强塑料或类似物制成。该腰部支撑件优选覆盖有垫，诸如泡沫或泡沫状材料和/或座椅覆盖物。垫可与腰部支撑件是一体的，或者可以是一个单独的部分。
根据本发明，所述腰部支撑件成形为使其具有朝向座椅乘员背部的腰部顶点。优选地，所述腰部支撑件从腰部顶点的两侧逐渐变薄，即朝向座椅乘员的肩部和臀部逐渐变薄。
此外，腰部支撑件包括悬置部，其导致在腰部顶点处具有主要负载吸收的负载分布。优选地，负载吸收从主要负载吸收到腰部顶点的两侧逐渐变小。优选地，在腰部顶点的区域中，腰部支撑件的悬置部相对坚硬，而在座椅乘员的肩部区域和/或臀部区域处，与腰部顶点相比腰部支撑件的悬置部更软，更优选地为弹性靠置。这在腰部顶点区域中导致主要负载吸收，以及负载吸收从所述腰部顶点区域开始逐渐变小，优选朝向两侧逐渐变小。由于该负载分布和/或由于腰部支撑件的形状，至少减少了座椅乘员的颈部过度屈伸损伤(即，在发生碰撞的过程中在肩部区域中的较低负载允许乘员肩部陷入到座椅内，减少头部到头枕内的位移)。
优选地，所述腰部支撑件的偏转在腰部顶点处是最小的。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，腰部支撑件包括弹簧元件，更优选为悬臂式弹簧元件。更优选地，这种弹簧元件设置于座椅乘员的肩部区域和/或臀部区域内。在发生后部碰撞的过程中弹簧元件由乘员反压，这样在发生后部碰撞过程中腰部支撑件在该区域内偏转以及腰部支撑件的形状改变。弹簧元件优选与腰部支撑件是一体的。
优选地，所述腰部支撑件预先加载，即朝向座椅乘员的背部预张紧。在其过载之前，这样增加了腰部支撑件的刚性和/或负载吸收。
优选地，所述靠背包括背板，其防止腰部支撑件过载。
附图说明
在基于图1-4的下述文本中对本发明进行解释说明。这些解释说明仅仅是通过示例的方式而并不限制本发明的一般性概念。
在附图中：
图1示意性地示出车辆座椅。
图2示出本发明车辆座椅的第一实施例。
图3示出根据图2的腰部支撑件的细节。
图4示出本发明车辆座椅的另一个实施例。
具体实施方式
在所有的附图中彼此对应的部件设有相同的附图标记。
图1示意性地示出车辆座椅1的透视图。车辆座椅1是传统的车辆座椅并至少包括椅座部分2和靠背3。此外，车辆座椅1具有传统的纵向调节装置4，车辆座椅1通过所述纵向调节装置4联接到车辆的车体结构(未示出)。
椅座部分2和靠背3通过倾斜度调节装置5以可枢转的方式联接，其中，车辆使用者可通过调节杆6致动倾斜度调节装置5。通过调节杆6，倾斜度调节装置5可被致动，使其可以设置车辆座椅1靠背的倾斜度。本领域内的技术人员将理解还可以机动化的方式对靠背进行调节。此外，倾斜度调节装置可以连续或非连续的方式进行操作。
图2示出本发明车辆座椅的第一实施例。该座椅在其靠背3中包括腰部支撑件7，其从椅座部分2延伸直到座椅乘员的肩部区域。在当前情况下，腰部支撑件7由单件制成，且优选由塑料材料制成。腰部支撑件7可覆盖有诸如泡沫的垫材料和/或可隐藏在覆盖物下。为了清楚目的将两者省略。腰部支撑件7成形为使其包括腰部顶点7.1，优选在座椅乘员臀部的上方。从该腰部顶点7.1开始，腰部支撑件远离座椅乘员的背部向后，向下和向上成锥形。腰部支撑件被悬置在本发明车辆座椅的靠背结构处。如具体从图2右手侧上的负载分布8可看到的那样，该悬置件设计成使得在发生后部碰撞的过程中，最大的负载吸收是在腰部顶点处。从该最大值，负载吸收朝向椅座部分2以及朝向靠背的肩部区域逐渐变小。此外，腰部支撑件和/或其悬置部件设计成其偏转在腰部顶点7.1处是最小的。由于如图2右手侧上的图所示的负载吸收分布，在发生后部碰撞的过程中腰部支撑件提供增强的安全性。具体地，显著降低颈部过度屈伸损伤，从而降低在座椅乘员的脊柱、颈部和/或头部处的伤害。
图3示出在根据图2的车辆座椅中所使用的腰部支撑件7。腰部支撑件具有板状结构并由塑料材料制成。在腰部顶点7.1的区域中，腰部支撑件7包括用于吸收负载的装置9，其基本吸收来自座椅乘员的所有负载。另外地，腰部支撑件也在其顶部和/或底部区域处悬置。在发生后部碰撞的过程中，负载吸收集中在腰部顶点7.1处。优选地，所述腰部支撑件7弹性变形以便以预定的载荷分布支撑乘员。优选地，根据本发明的腰部支撑件具有三个弹性区域，其中之一设置于腰部顶点7.1下方的区域内，而另一个设置于座椅乘员的肩部区域内，以及第三个是在座椅的顶点区域中的主要靠置弹性元件。优选地，在发生后部碰撞的情况下，所有区域弹性变形。至少一个(下部区域)，或上部和下部弹簧区域两者是悬臂式的。然而，它们不延伸过腰部顶点7.1。为了防止颈部过度屈伸损伤，由于悬置部的程度允许乘员陷入到座椅内，并由此使得头部与头枕接触而不会使其颈部弯曲。腰部优选局部或完全地预张紧，以使负载吸收增大，和/或变形至少局部地降低(这通过装饰表面可获得这种预负载)。
图4示出本发明车辆座椅的另一实施例。在当前情况下，座椅靠背的结构包括支撑杆，优选为横管11，其位于腰部顶点7.1处。该支撑杆承受来自座椅成员的所有负载，特别是在发生后部碰撞的过程中，以及获得如图3中所示的在腰部顶点7.1处具有主要负载点8.1的负载分布8。此外，本发明的车辆座椅包括悬置部件12，在此是线材状悬置件，其可包括弹簧元件，优选螺旋弹簧，同样实现负载分布8。弹簧元件具体在座椅乘员的肩部区域中和/或在臀部区域内提供弹性。腰部支撑件同样是板状的。
附图标记清单
1 车辆座椅
2 椅座部分
3 靠背
4 纵向调节装置
5 倾斜度调节装置
6 调节杆
7 腰部支撑件
7.1 腰部顶点
8 腰部支撑件7中的负载分布
8.1 主要负载点
9 用于吸收负载的装置
10 弹簧元件
11 横管
12 悬置部件

Claims (10)

1.一种具有椅座部分(2)和靠背(3)的车辆座椅(1)，所述靠背(3)包括腰部支撑件(7)，
其中所述腰部支撑件(7)具有板状的结构并且由塑料材料制成，
其特征在于，所述腰部支撑件(7)具有朝向座椅乘员背部的腰部顶点(7.1)并且从所述腰部顶点(7.1)成锥形，以及
所述腰部支撑件(7)包括悬置部，其导致负载分布，在发生后部碰撞的过程中所述腰部支撑件(7)的主要负载吸收位于所述腰部顶点(7.1)处，
其中在所述腰部顶点(7.1)的区域中，所述腰部支撑件(7)包括用于吸收负载的装置(9)，所述用于吸收负载的装置(9)被构造成用于吸收来自座椅乘员的所有负载，
所述腰部支撑件(7)包括具有三个弹性区域的弹簧元件(10)，一个设置在腰部顶点(7.1)下方的区域内，第二个设置在座椅乘员的肩膀区域内，第三个是在车辆座椅(1)的顶点区域中的主要靠置弹性元件，
其中所述弹簧元件(10)与所述腰部支撑件(7)是一体的，以及
其中所述三个弹性区域被构造成在发生后部碰撞的情况下弹性变形。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，所述腰部支撑件的形状从所述腰部顶点(7.1)的两侧成锥形。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，所述腰部支撑件(7)的偏转在所述腰部顶点(7.1)处是最小的。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，在发生后部碰撞的过程中所述腰部支撑件(7)的负载吸收从所述主要负载吸收处逐渐变小。
5.根据权利要求4所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，在发生后部碰撞的过程中所述腰部支撑件(7)的负载吸收向所述主要负载吸收的两侧逐渐变小。
6.根据权利要求1所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，所述弹簧元件(10)是悬臂式的。
7.根据权利要求1，2或6所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，在发生后部碰撞的过程中所述弹簧元件(10)由座椅乘员压缩。
8.根据权利要求1，2和6之任一所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，所述腰部支撑件延伸过所述靠背(3)的整个长度。
9.根据权利要求1，2和6之任一所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，所述靠背(3)包括背板，其防止所述腰部支撑件过载。
10.根据权利要求1，2和6之任一所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，所述腰部支撑件是预先加载的。
CN201380023744.9A 2012-05-07 2013-05-07 带腰部支撑件的车辆座椅 Expired - Fee Related CN104284805B (zh)

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