CN104661860A - 车辆座椅的座椅构件 - Google Patents

车辆座椅的座椅构件 Download PDF

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CN104661860A
CN104661860A CN201380033326.8A CN201380033326A CN104661860A CN 104661860 A CN104661860 A CN 104661860A CN 201380033326 A CN201380033326 A CN 201380033326A CN 104661860 A CN104661860 A CN 104661860A
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side member
seat
chair
elastic element
backrest
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CN104661860B (zh
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J·林嫩布林克
I·金勒
G·罗斯坦
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Keiper Seating Mechanisms Co Ltd
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Johnson Controls Technology Co
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有座椅构件的车辆座椅，该座椅构件具有座椅面和两个侧部构件。

Description

车辆座椅的座椅构件
技术领域
本发明涉及具有座椅构件的车辆座椅，所述座椅构件具有座椅面和两个侧部构件。
背景技术
已有技术已充分地已知这种车辆座椅，但是这种车辆座椅经常具有这样的缺陷：它们具有比较复杂的结构和/或过大的重量。
发明内容
因此，本发明的一个目的是提供一种不具有已有技术的缺陷的车辆座椅。
具有座椅构件的一种车辆座椅实现了该目的，所述座椅构件具有座椅面和两个侧部构件，其中，座椅面和侧部构件以一体的方式设置。
与本发明的该主题相关进行的说明以同样的方式也适用于本发明的该主题的其它方面，并且反之亦然。
本发明涉及车辆座椅。这样的车辆座椅可为一个或者多个人提供空间。根据本发明的车辆座椅因而也可为椅型座椅。靠背优选地特别以可旋转的方式支撑在座椅构件上。这种车辆座椅具有座椅面，其通常设置有衬垫和/或罩。座椅面的右侧和左侧是侧部构件，纵向调节装置的上轨道通常设置在该侧部构件上。根据本发明提供的座椅面和侧部构件以一体的方式设置。根据本发明的车辆座椅的组件因而显著地被简化。可省除在侧部构件和座椅面之间的连接件，例如，焊接、铆接和/或螺纹连接的连接件。纵向调节装置的上轨道和/或靠背到座椅构件的靠背连接件也优选地一体连接到侧部构件上。
座椅面和侧部构件以及可选的上轨道和/或靠背连接件优选地由塑料材料生产，特别以纤维增强的塑料材料生产。该座椅构件可例如通过成型或者一次成型例如采用模具填充法生产，例如，注射或者注射模制优选地被插入到模具中的增强材料(例如纤维材料)。
根据本发明或者优选的本发明的主题的另一方面是具有座椅构件的车辆座椅，该座椅构件具有座椅面，其由两个侧部构件邻接，其中，至少一个弹性元件设置在每个侧部构件上，尤其以一体的方式设置。该座椅面因而可设置成相对于座椅构件到车辆的车体的连接件是弹性的和/或可运动的。优选地设置至少一个塑料材料，尤其是纤维增强的塑料材料的弹性元件。优选地，至少一个弹性元件与侧部构件和/或与座椅面一体构造。
关于本发明的该主题进行的说明以同样的方式适应本发明的该主题的其它方面，反之亦然。
弹性元件优选构造为叶片状或者腿状弹簧。该弹性元件例如为V形、U形、S形、W形、基本圆形或者椭圆形。
前弹性元件优选地位于座椅构件的大腿支撑的区域，以特别优选的方式，后弹性元件位于座椅构件的底部支撑的区域。以非常特别优选的方式，这些弹性元件具有不同的弹性特征线和/或不同的弹性偏移。优选地，与为了使得大腿支撑的区域上的弹性元件变形相比，为了使得在底部的区域上的弹性元件的变形，必须提供更大的力。以特别优选的方式，后弹性元件的弹性偏移也更长。至少一个弹簧，优选为后弹簧可不用任何负载被座椅就座者预张紧，由此座椅面的回弹例如变得更硬。
优选地，或者根据本发明，特别以一体的方式设置在侧部构件上的是弹性联接件，车辆座椅的靠背到座椅构件的连接可通过该弹性联接件实现。特别地，该弹性联接件在这种情况下可用作靠背的旋转关节。优选地，该弹性联接件被构造为腿状弹簧，一个腿连接到座椅构件上，一个腿连接到靠背连接件上，和/或以一体的方式设置。在两个腿之间的过渡区优选地构成用于靠背连接件/靠背的旋转支承件/旋转关节。车辆座椅的靠背设置在靠背连接件上，即，靠背连接到靠背连接件上或者与其一体地设置。
关于本发明的该主题进行的说明以同样的方式适应本发明的该主题的其它方面，反之亦然。
车辆座椅优选地具有倚靠装置，靠背相对于座椅构件的倾斜度通过该倚靠装置可被调节。
根据作为优选的或者根据本发明的本发明主题的另一方面，至少一个部件，优选为正锁定闭锁装置(特别为齿)一体地设置在车辆座椅的侧部构件上。优选地，在靠背和/或靠背连接件上设置的是调节和/或固定装置，其以正锁定和/或非正锁定的方式与侧部构件上的正锁定闭锁装置互相配合，由此调节靠背相对于座椅构件的倾斜度，和/或使得靠背固定在所需位置。可以连续或者非连续的方式实现调节。
关于本发明的该主题进行的说明以同样的方式适应本发明的该主题的其它方面，反之亦然。
根据优选的或者根据本发明的另一实施例，座椅面设置成是高度可调节的，该高度调节装置一体地设置在侧部构件上。
关于本发明的该主题进行的说明以同样的方式适应本发明的该主题的其它方面，反之亦然。
以垂直的方式可实现高度调节。但是，随着高度调节也能进行倾斜度调节。
优选地，高度调节装置改变两个侧部构件的外部形式，尤其是其垂直范围。
优选地，侧部构件具有凹槽，其形状，尤其是其垂直范围在高度调节期间会改变。
优选地，高度调节装置具有驱动元件，其外周以可逆的方式改变。驱动装置的外周例如与凹槽的外周部件互相配合，并且由此改变其形状，因而改变车辆座椅的座椅面的高度。
驱动元件优选地是例如具有转子的螺旋元件，其具有螺旋狭槽。优选地，在座椅构件的侧部构件上，特别以一体的方式设置有突起，例如为齿，其与螺旋狭槽以正锁定的方式互相配合。在旋转期间，齿互相远离或者朝向彼此运动，由此实现座椅面的高度的调节。
优选地，高度调节的驱动元件设置成是自锁的，使得能够进行座椅面的高度的非独立调节。
驱动元件优选地与凹槽互相配合。在驱动元件运动的情况下，例如旋转和/或平移的情况下，凹槽的形状改变。
优选地，高度调节具有第二驱动元件，其特别改变第二弹性元件的形状。以一种特别优选的方式，第一驱动元件直接或者间接联接到第二驱动元件上，使得当一个驱动元件被调节时，另一个也被调节。
附图说明
下面参照图1至7说明本发明。这些说明的给出仅是用于示例，不是为了限制本发明的一般概念。
图1-3示出了根据本发明的车辆座椅，
图4示出了弹性元件的可能的实施例，
图5-5b示出了高度调节装置的驱动，
图6示出了在座椅构件的侧部构件上的正锁定装置，
图7示出了高度调节装置的另一实施例。
具体实施方式
图1-3示出了根据本发明的车辆座椅1，其具有座椅构件2和靠背3，在当前情况下仅示出了设置靠背处的靠背连接件3。靠背3设置成能够在座椅构件上通过倚靠装置11可旋转。座椅构件2在该情况下具有两个侧部构件14，在其之间设置座椅面15。优选地，座椅面15和侧部构件14是一体地，特别是被设置成包括塑料材料，在非常特别优选的方式中为纤维增强的塑料材料。在每个侧部构件14上设置(优选为一体地设置)轨道纵向调节系统的上轨道12。更优选地，每个侧部构件具有至少一个弹性元件，在当前情况下具有两个弹性元件4,5，其配置在侧部构件到座椅面的过渡区和上轨道12之间。前弹性元件4位于大腿支撑的区域，同时后弹性元件5位于座椅就座者的底部区域。两个弹性元件4,5都优选地一体地设置有侧部构件和/或座椅面。
更优选地，座椅构件在当前情况下具有弹性联接件19，其也优选地一体地连接到侧部构件上。该弹性联接件19用作车辆座椅的靠背3的支撑。在当前的情况下，弹性元件19被构造为腿状弹簧元件，一个腿固定连接到侧部构件14上，另一腿固定连接到靠背连接件3上。在腿之间的圆形节段状过渡区用作靠背的旋转轴。弹性联接件19优选设置成包括塑料材料，特别是纤维增强的塑料材料。在当前的实施例中，倚靠装置11的一部分，即，正锁定装置27，其也一体地设置有侧部构件，并且优选地设置成包括塑料材料，特别为纤维增强的塑料材料。在当前的情况下，正锁定装置27设置为狭槽，在当前的情况下，在狭槽的两个相对侧上，在狭槽中设置有齿。该狭槽优选地以圆形节段的方式构造。该狭槽接收具有正锁定装置的调节和/或锁定装置28，其补足正锁定装置27，并且其特别旋转地连接到靠背和/或靠背连接件上。使用该调节和/或锁定装置11，靠背能在其倾斜度方面相对于座椅构件被调节，和/或在每种情况下能被锁定在所需位置。该调节可以连续的方式或者以非连续的方式实现。另外，在当前的情况下，根据本发明的该车辆座椅具有高度调节装置16，其一体形成在座椅构件的两个侧部构件14中。该高度调节装置具有调节机构6，座椅面15的高度能通过该调节机构被调节。在当前的情况下，该调节机构改变了凹槽18的形状，该凹槽位于每个侧部构件14中在座椅面15到侧部构件14的连接区和上轨道12之间。由于在形状上的这种改变，其中弹性元件4,5的形状也改变了，座椅面能在其高度上被调节。这种高度调节可以这样的方式实现：使得座椅面平行于其原始方向沿着向上或者向下的方向位移，优选地以纯垂直的方式位移。但是，在高度调节期间，座椅面15的倾斜度调节也是可能的。在当前的情况下，调节机构具有驱动元件7，例如为螺旋正锁定装置，其与凹槽18的内侧互相配合并由此改变其形状。优选地，驱动元件7配置在座椅面的前部区上，使得在事故的情况下，尤其是在前端碰撞的情况下，能防止所谓的“下滑(submarining)”，并且出现的力仅必须部分地由弹性元件4吸收。弹性元件4比例如弹性元件5因而可设置有较小的弹性力，这是特别有利的，因为座椅就座者的主要载荷必须由弹性元件5吸收，不由弹性元件4吸收。优选地，驱动元件7被连接到另一驱动元件8,9,10，其与弹性元件5直接互相配合并且如果必要会按压它。由此可以改变座椅面15的位置和/或可获得的弹性力。在当前的情况下，第二驱动元件包括拉缆8，其在该情况下通过辊子9连接到驱动元件7上。当驱动元件7旋转时，缆线8同时被拉动或者被释放，使得弹性元件5的形状改变。在拉缆10中，调节路径的步进下降或者步进上升机构10可设置为例如滑轮组的形式。
图4示出了弹性元件4,5的可能形式。根据在所处的位置处要提供的弹性力和/或弹性偏移，和/或要吸收的碰撞载荷，特别选择弹性元件的形状。本领域的技术人员知道弹性元件4,5可不同地被构造。特别有利的是，对于较大的弹性力，要设置有弹性元件5，而不是弹性元件4，因为弹性元件5吸收座椅就座者的主要载荷。
图5示出了调节机构6的可能实施例。它具有转子20，其设置有螺旋狭槽。正锁定装置，例如齿，其在凹槽18的上方或者下方优选地一体地设置有侧部构件，接合在这些螺旋狭槽中。转子20例如通过把手22或者用马达来旋转。转子20也旋转，在凹槽18上方或者下方的正锁定装置21被压离开或者被拉到一起。转子20的旋转通过扭矩传送装置13被传输到与另一侧部构件的正锁定装置互相配合的转子上。扭矩传送装置13也优选地用于稳定座椅构件。转子20和其螺旋狭槽的细节可从图5a看出。能清楚地看到，螺旋狭槽设置在转子的端面处。特别参照图5和5b可看到，调节机构在当前的情况下具有第二驱动元件，其包括传送装置，在该情况下为拉缆8，在其一端处具有连接装置24，该连接装置在该情况下以旋转固定的方式连接到把手22上。在其另一端部处，拉缆与弹性元件5互相配合。当把手22旋转时，拉缆8也运动，由此使得弹性元件5收缩，或者弹性元件5的腿的间隔增加。拉缆8可具有转换装置10，例如为滑轮组。
图6示出了正锁定元件21，其与转子20的螺旋狭槽互相配合。由于转子的旋转，实现高度调节HA，在这期间，弹性元件4的构件被拉到一起或者被压离开。
图7示出了调节机构6的另一实施例。在当前的情况下，它具有驱动元件，即，位移元件26，该位移元件26可例如通过旋转沿着双向箭头指示的方向被位移。该位移元件与侧部构件的调节面25互相配合，由此使得它们被压离开，因而实现了高度调节。该位移元件26也可例如如图5所示被连接到另一调节元件上，以改变弹性元件5的形状。
参考数字列表
1  车辆座椅
2  座椅构件
3  靠背，靠背连接件
4  前弹性元件
5  后弹性元件
6  调节机构
7  驱动元件，螺旋驱动元件
8  传送装置，拉缆
9  改向辊
10 步进上升/步进下降机构
11 倚靠装置
12 上轨道
13 扭矩传送装置
14 座椅构件的侧部构件
15 座椅面
16 高度调节装置
17 载架结构
18 凹槽
19 弹性联接件
20 具有螺旋狭槽的转子
21 正锁定装置，突起
22 把手，手轮
23 狭槽，螺旋狭槽
24 连接装置
25 调节面
26 驱动元件，位移元件
27 正锁定装置，齿
28 调节/锁定装置
HA 高度调节，车辆范围

Claims (11)

1.一种具有座椅构件(2)的车辆座椅(1)，所述座椅构件(2)具有座椅面(15)和两个侧部构件(14)，其特征在于，所述座椅面(15)和所述侧部构件(14)以一体的方式设置。
2.根据权利要求1或者权利要求1的前序部分所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，至少一个弹性元件(4,5,19)设置在每个侧部构件上，特别以一体的方式设置在每个侧部构件上。
3.根据权利要求2或者权利要求3所述的车辆座椅，其特征在于，至少两个弹性元件(4,5,19)设置在每个侧部构件上。
4.根据权利要求3所述的车辆座椅，其特征在于，所述弹性元件(4,5)具有不同的弹性特征线和/或不同的弹性偏移。
5.根据前述权利要求之一或者权利要求1的前序部分所述的车辆座椅，其特征在于，所述侧部构件(2)具有弹性联接件(19)，特别以一体的方式具有弹性联接件(19)，所述弹性联接件(19)设置有靠背连接件(3)，特别以一体的方式设置有靠背连接件(3)。
6.根据前述权利要求之一或者权利要求1的前序部分所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，所述座椅面设置成是高度可调节的，所述高度调节装置(16)一体形成在所述侧部构件(14)中。
7.根据权利要求6所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，所述侧部构件具有凹槽(18)，所述凹槽(18)的形状在所述高度调节过程中改变。
8.根据权利要求6或者权利要求7所述的车辆座椅，其特征在于，所述高度调节装置具有驱动元件(7)，其外周可以可逆方式改变。
9.根据权利要求8所述的车辆座椅，其特征在于，所述驱动元件(7)与所述凹槽(18)互相配合，并且改变其形状。
10.根据权利要求8所述的车辆座椅，其特征在于，所述驱动元件(7)与设置在所述侧部构件上的正锁定装置(21)互相配合。
11.根据权利要求9或者权利要求10所述的车辆座椅，其特征在于，所述高度调节具有改变所述第二弹性元件(5)的形状的第二驱动元件(8,9,10)。
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