WO2017133001A1 - 充电方法、适配器和移动终端 - Google Patents

充电方法、适配器和移动终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017133001A1
WO2017133001A1 PCT/CN2016/073679 CN2016073679W WO2017133001A1 WO 2017133001 A1 WO2017133001 A1 WO 2017133001A1 CN 2016073679 W CN2016073679 W CN 2016073679W WO 2017133001 A1 WO2017133001 A1 WO 2017133001A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
adapter
fast charging
fast
current
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/073679
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张加亮
Original Assignee
广东欧珀移动通信有限公司
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Application filed by 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 filed Critical 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司
Priority to CN202010028392.8A priority Critical patent/CN111211609B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2016/073679 priority patent/WO2017133001A1/zh
Priority to ES16819788T priority patent/ES2829256T3/es
Priority to EP16819788.7A priority patent/EP3229336B1/en
Priority to JP2017514512A priority patent/JP6615873B2/ja
Priority to AU2016291545A priority patent/AU2016291545B2/en
Priority to SG11201700428UA priority patent/SG11201700428UA/en
Priority to CN201680001814.4A priority patent/CN106537724B/zh
Priority to MYPI2017700830A priority patent/MY181704A/en
Priority to KR1020177002310A priority patent/KR101906977B1/ko
Priority to TW105120040A priority patent/TWI624131B/zh
Priority to EP16889015.0A priority patent/EP3264563B1/en
Priority to CN201680021615.XA priority patent/CN107534304B/zh
Priority to US15/563,867 priority patent/US10340727B2/en
Priority to CN201710712840.4A priority patent/CN107592021B/zh
Priority to EP16889014.3A priority patent/EP3322066B1/en
Priority to JP2017557436A priority patent/JP6487575B2/ja
Priority to CN201680045431.7A priority patent/CN107852017B/zh
Priority to CN201710713692.8A priority patent/CN107592022B/zh
Priority to CN201680016428.2A priority patent/CN107615614B/zh
Priority to CN201711382867.8A priority patent/CN107994662B/zh
Priority to CN201680016286.XA priority patent/CN107710550B/zh
Priority to ES16889013T priority patent/ES2752626T3/es
Priority to KR1020177033143A priority patent/KR102204604B1/ko
Priority to PCT/CN2016/091761 priority patent/WO2017133198A1/zh
Priority to CN201620800096.4U priority patent/CN205882816U/zh
Priority to JP2018514950A priority patent/JP6518837B2/ja
Priority to CN201610600611.9A priority patent/CN106160094B/zh
Priority to ES16889011T priority patent/ES2743599T3/es
Priority to CN201711021765.3A priority patent/CN107681753B/zh
Priority to CN201711390494.9A priority patent/CN108011431B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2016/091760 priority patent/WO2017133197A1/zh
Priority to CN202210187776.3A priority patent/CN114583783A/zh
Priority to KR1020187004759A priority patent/KR102191988B1/ko
Priority to CN201711035779.0A priority patent/CN107887962B/zh
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Priority to CN201680023282.4A priority patent/CN107660321B/zh
Priority to CN201710714217.2A priority patent/CN107592024B/zh
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Priority to CN201610600383.5A priority patent/CN106100083B/zh
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Priority to CN201610600384.XA priority patent/CN106230082A/zh
Priority to KR1020177031691A priority patent/KR102183492B1/ko
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Publication of WO2017133001A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017133001A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M19/00—Current supply arrangements for telephone systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
    • G01R31/2851—Testing of integrated circuits [IC]
    • G01R31/2855—Environmental, reliability or burn-in testing
    • G01R31/2872—Environmental, reliability or burn-in testing related to electrical or environmental aspects, e.g. temperature, humidity, vibration, nuclear radiation
    • G01R31/2874—Environmental, reliability or burn-in testing related to electrical or environmental aspects, e.g. temperature, humidity, vibration, nuclear radiation related to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/42—Circuits specially adapted for the purpose of modifying, or compensating for, electric characteristics of transformers, reactors, or choke coils
    • H01F27/422—Circuits specially adapted for the purpose of modifying, or compensating for, electric characteristics of transformers, reactors, or choke coils for instrument transformers
    • H01F27/425—Circuits specially adapted for the purpose of modifying, or compensating for, electric characteristics of transformers, reactors, or choke coils for instrument transformers for voltage transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H3/202—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage for dc systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00036—Charger exchanging data with battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00038—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors or capacitors
    • H02J7/00043—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors or capacitors using switches, contacts or markings, e.g. optical, magnetic or barcode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H02J7/0044—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction specially adapted for holding portable devices containing batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H02J7/0045—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/0071—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with a programmable schedule
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00711—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with introduction of pulses during the charging process
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H02J7/06—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/1469—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field
    • H02J7/1492—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field by means of controlling devices between the generator output and the battery
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/16—Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field
    • H02J7/24—Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02J7/2434—Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with pulse modulation
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33515—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with digital control
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33538—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only of the forward type
    • H02M3/33546—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only of the forward type with automatic control of the output voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
    • H01F2027/408—Association with diode or rectifier
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/10—Control circuit supply, e.g. means for supplying power to the control circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00034—Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H02J7/0049—Detection of fully charged condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0009—Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of mobile terminals, and, more particularly, to a charging method, an adapter, and a mobile terminal.
  • mobile terminals such as smart phones
  • mobile terminals consume large amounts of power and require frequent charging.
  • FIG. 1 is an illustration of an internal structure of an adapter.
  • the interior of the adapter generally includes a transformer, a rectifier circuit, and a filter circuit.
  • the rectifier circuit may include a primary side rectifier circuit and a secondary side rectifier circuit;
  • the filter circuit may include a primary side filter circuit and a secondary side filter circuit.
  • the adapter may include other circuits such as a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) control circuit.
  • PWM Pulse Width Modulation
  • the transformer can convert and isolate the mains voltage (for example, 220V) into the working voltage of the adapter (for example, 5V);
  • the rectifier circuit is generally a bridge circuit, which can convert positive and negative alternating current into unidirectional current, that is, After rectification, the output current of the rectifier circuit is generally a unidirectional pulsating current, also known as a head wave.
  • 2 is a waveform diagram of a unidirectional pulsating current.
  • the filter circuit filters the voltage and current output by the rectifier circuit to obtain a stable direct current (the voltage value is stable), and outputs the same to the mobile terminal through the charging interface to charge the battery in the mobile terminal.
  • the existing mobile terminal is generally powered by a lithium battery, and charging the battery in the mobile terminal by using the above charging method often causes a phenomenon of lithium deposition, resulting in a decrease in the life of the battery.
  • the application provides a charging method, an adapter and a mobile terminal to improve the service life of the battery in the mobile terminal.
  • a charging method comprising: after the adapter and the mobile terminal are connected through a charging interface (for example, may be a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, the adapter and the mobile Communicating with the terminal to determine a charging mode, wherein a power cord in the charging interface is for charging the battery, and a data line in the charging interface is used by the adapter to communicate with the mobile terminal,
  • Charging mode includes fast charging mode (example For example, it may be a charging mode based on flash charging technology) and a normal charging mode (for example, may be a standard charging), the charging speed of the fast charging mode is greater than the charging speed of the normal charging mode;
  • the adapter communicates with the mobile terminal to determine a charging current corresponding to the fast charging mode; the adapter adopts a one-way pulsing according to a charging current corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • the output current quickly charges the battery.
  • the adapter negotiates the charging mode and the charging current of the battery with the mobile terminal.
  • the adapter uses the unidirectional pulsating output current to quickly charge the battery based on the negotiated charging current.
  • the current of the one-way pulsating output current is periodically changed.
  • the unidirectional pulsating output current can reduce the lithium deposition phenomenon of the lithium battery and improve the service life of the battery.
  • the unidirectional pulsating output current can reduce the probability and intensity of the arcing of the contacts of the charging interface, and improve the life of the charging interface.
  • the inside of the adapter generally includes a filter circuit, and the electrolytic capacitor in the filter circuit has a large volume, so that the entire adapter has a large volume and is inconvenient to carry.
  • the adapter since the adapter outputs not a constant current, but a unidirectional pulsating current, the adapter does not need to pass through the filter circuit, and can directly convert the rectified power to output a pulsating fluctuating current to the system.
  • the structure of the adapter can be simplified.
  • the size-converted current can alleviate the heating problem in the charging process of the adapter, and the current of the size change is better than the constant current, which is beneficial to reducing the polarization effect of the battery, increasing the charging speed, and reducing the heat of the battery.
  • the adapter may quickly charge the battery by using a unidirectional pulsating output current according to the charging current corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • the adapter may be configured according to the charging current corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • a unidirectionally pulsed output current that charges the battery in the fast charge mode.
  • the unidirectional pulsating output current is characterized by a constant orientation and a magnitude that varies with time.
  • the method before the adapter performs fast charging of the battery by using a unidirectional pulsating output current according to a charging current corresponding to the fast charging mode, the method also includes communicating, with the mobile terminal, the adapter to determine the fast if the adapter determines to use the fast charge mode to charge the battery The charging voltage corresponding to the fast charging mode; the adapter rapidly charging the battery by using a one-way pulsating charging voltage according to the charging voltage corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • the adapter quickly charging the battery by using a one-way pulsed output voltage according to the charging voltage corresponding to the fast charging mode, which may be: the adapter adopts a charging voltage corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • a unidirectionally pulsed output voltage that charges the battery in the fast charge mode.
  • the adapter may first negotiate the charging voltage and the charging current corresponding to the fast charging mode with the mobile terminal. After the charging voltage and the charging current corresponding to the fast charging mode are determined, the adapter may be based on the adapter. The battery is charged by the negotiated charging voltage and charging current.
  • a charging method comprising: after a mobile terminal is connected to an adapter through a charging interface, the mobile terminal communicates with the adapter to determine a charging mode, wherein the charging interface a power line for charging the battery, a data line in the charging interface for the mobile terminal to communicate with the adapter, the charging mode comprising a fast charging mode and a normal charging mode, the fast charging mode The charging speed is greater than the charging speed of the normal charging mode; in the case of determining to charge the battery using the fast charging mode, the mobile terminal communicates with the adapter to determine a charging current corresponding to the fast charging mode; Receiving, by the mobile terminal, a unidirectional pulsating output current of the adapter, performing fast charging on the battery, wherein the unidirectional pulsating output current is determined by the adapter based on a charging current corresponding to the fast charging mode of.
  • the method further includes: Determining that the mobile terminal is in communication with the adapter to determine a charging voltage corresponding to the fast charging mode in a case of charging the battery using a fast charging mode; the mobile terminal receiving a one-way pulsation of the adapter And outputting a voltage to quickly charge the battery, wherein the one-way pulsed output voltage is determined by the adapter based on a charging voltage corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • an adapter including a communication control circuit and a charging circuit, the communication control circuit is configured to communicate with the mobile terminal, and charge the adapter and the mobile terminal by the charging circuit The process is controlled.
  • the communication control circuit and the charging circuit cooperate to perform the method of the first aspect.
  • a mobile terminal comprising a communication control circuit and a charging circuit
  • the communication control circuit is configured to communicate with the adapter, and between the adapter and the mobile terminal by the charging circuit The charging process is controlled.
  • the communication control circuit and the charging circuit cooperate to perform the method of the second aspect.
  • a charging method comprising: after the adapter is connected to the mobile terminal through a charging interface, the adapter charges the battery in the mobile terminal with a unidirectional pulsating output current.
  • the method further includes: the adapter rapidly charging the battery by using a one-way pulsating charging voltage.
  • a charging method comprising: after a mobile terminal is connected to an adapter through a charging interface, the mobile terminal receives a unidirectional pulsating output current of the adapter, and a battery in the mobile terminal Charge it.
  • the method further includes: the mobile terminal receiving the unidirectional pulsating output voltage of the adapter, The battery in the mobile terminal is charged.
  • an adapter includes: a charging circuit, configured to perform, after the adapter and the mobile terminal are connected through a charging interface, use a unidirectional pulsating output current to perform a battery in the mobile terminal Charging.
  • the charging circuit is further configured to quickly charge the battery by using a one-way pulsating charging voltage.
  • a mobile terminal comprising: receiving a unidirectional pulsating output current of the adapter after the mobile terminal is connected to the adapter through a charging interface, and charging a battery in the mobile terminal.
  • the mobile terminal is further configured to receive a unidirectional pulsating output voltage of the adapter, and charge a battery in the mobile terminal.
  • the charging interface may be a normal USB interface, a micro USB interface, or other types of charging interfaces.
  • the power line in the USB interface may include Vbus and a ground line
  • the data line in the charging interface may include at least one of a D+ line and a D- line in the charging interface.
  • fast charging the battery may refer to charging the battery using a fast charging mode.
  • the peak of the initial waveform of the output current of the adapter (eg, the first waveform, or the first few waveforms) is equal to the charging corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • the current value of the current is equal to the peak of the initial waveform of the output current of the adapter.
  • an average value of a starting waveform of the output current is equal to a current value of a charging current corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • the fast charging process includes a downflow process in which a peak of a subsequent waveform of adjacent waveforms of the output current Less than the peak of the previous waveform in the adjacent waveform.
  • the process of fast charging may also include an initial charging process in which the waveform of the output current of the adapter may remain unchanged.
  • the fast charging process includes a downflow process, the downflow process being divided into a plurality of phases, the plurality of phases including adjacent first a phase and a second phase, the first phase being earlier than the second phase, the waveform of the output current remaining constant within each of the plurality of phases, the waveform of the output current being The different phases of the plurality of phases are different, and the peak value of the waveform of the output current in the second phase is less than the peak value of the waveform of the output current in the first phase.
  • the process of fast charging may also include an initial charging process in which the waveform of the output current of the adapter may remain unchanged.
  • a peak value of a starting waveform of the output voltage is equal to a voltage value of a charging voltage corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • an average value of a starting waveform of the output voltage is equal to a voltage value of a charging voltage corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • the one-way pulsating output current is an unfiltered current output by a rectifier circuit in the adapter.
  • the adapter may include a rectifier circuit, does not include a filter circuit, or does not include an electrolytic capacitor in the filter circuit. That is to say, the output current of the output of the adapter can be directly used as the output current of the adapter without rectification.
  • the frequency of the output pulsating current of the adapter is the same as the nominal frequency of the AC power grid, such as the commonly used 50 Hz and 60 Hz.
  • the period of the waveform of the unidirectionally pulsed output current (or output voltage) is constant.
  • the unidirectional pulsating output current is half-wave
  • the stream or half-wave voltage
  • the half-wave current or half-wave voltage
  • the half-wave current may be a sinusoidal half-wave current (or a sinusoidal half-wave voltage).
  • the unidirectionally pulsed output current may be a half-wave current (or voltage) of the same frequency as the alternating current (AC) terminal of the rectifier circuit.
  • the adapter communicates with the mobile terminal, and uses a one-way pulsating output current to charge the mobile terminal, thereby improving the service life of the battery.
  • FIG. 1 is an exemplary diagram of an internal structure of an adapter in the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a waveform of a unidirectional pulsating current.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a fast charging process of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an exemplary flow chart of a fast charge process in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a view showing an example of a waveform of an output current of one-way pulsation.
  • Fig. 6 is a view showing an example of a waveform of an output current of one-way pulsation.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of an adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention may adopt an intelligent adapter.
  • a Micro Controller Unit MCU
  • the MCU can communicate with the mobile terminal, thereby The mobile terminal negotiates the charging mode and charging parameters (such as charging current, charging voltage) and controls the charging process.
  • the charging modes supported by the adapter and/or the mobile terminal may include a normal charging mode and a fast charging mode.
  • the charging speed of the fast charging mode is greater than the charging speed of the normal charging mode (for example, the charging current of the fast charging mode is greater than the charging current of the normal charging mode).
  • ordinary The charging mode can be understood as a charging mode with a rated output voltage of 5V and a rated output current of 2.5A or less.
  • the adapter output ports D+ and D- can be short-circuited.
  • the fast charging mode in the embodiment of the present invention is different.
  • the adapter can use D+ and D- to communicate and exchange data with the mobile terminal, and the charging current in the fast charging mode can be greater than 2.5A. For example, it can reach 4.5A or even larger.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the normal charging mode. As long as the adapter supports two charging modes, the charging speed (or current) of one charging mode is greater than the charging speed of the other charging mode, the charging speed is slower.
  • the mode can be understood as a normal charging mode.
  • the adapter can perform a fast charging communication process with the mobile terminal, and realize fast charging of the battery after one or more handshakes.
  • the fast charging communication flow of the embodiment of the present invention and the various stages included in the fast charging process are described in detail below with reference to FIG. 3. It should be understood that the communication steps or operations illustrated in FIG. 3 are merely examples, and that other operations of the present invention or variations of the various operations in FIG. 3 may be performed. Moreover, the various steps in FIG. 3 may be performed in a different order than that presented in FIG. 3, and it is possible that not all operations in FIG. 3 are to be performed.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a fast charging process of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fast charge process can consist of five phases:
  • the mobile terminal can detect the adapter type through D+, D-, and when detecting that the adapter is a non-USB type charging device, the current absorbed by the mobile terminal can be greater than a preset current threshold I2 (for example, can be 1A).
  • I2 for example, can be 1A
  • the adapter considers that the terminal has completed the identification of the adapter type, and the adapter opens the handshake communication between the adapter and the mobile terminal, the adapter Send command 1 to inquire whether the terminal turns on the fast charge mode (or called flash charge).
  • the adapter When the adapter receives the reply command from the mobile terminal to indicate that the mobile terminal does not agree to turn on the fast charging mode, the output current of the adapter is detected again. When the output current of the adapter is still greater than or equal to I2, the request is again initiated to ask whether the mobile terminal turns on the fast charging. Mode, repeating the above steps of phase 1, until the mobile terminal replies to agree to turn on the fast charging mode, or the output current of the adapter no longer satisfies the condition of greater than or equal to I2.
  • the fast charging process is started, and the fast charging communication process enters the second stage.
  • the adapter output voltage may include a plurality of gear positions, and the adapter sends an instruction 2 to the mobile terminal to inquire whether the output voltage of the adapter of the mobile terminal matches (or is suitable, that is, whether it is suitable as a charging voltage in the fast charging mode).
  • the mobile terminal replies to the adapter that the output voltage of the adapter is too high or low or matches. If the adapter receives feedback from the mobile terminal that the output voltage of the adapter is high or low, the adapter adjusts the output voltage of the adapter. A grid position, and again sends an instruction 2 to the mobile terminal, re-inquiring whether the output voltage of the adapter of the mobile terminal matches.
  • step 2 Repeat step 2 above until the mobile terminal replies to the adapter that the output voltage of the adapter is in the matching gear position, and enters the third stage.
  • the adapter After the adapter receives the feedback of the output voltage matching of the mobile terminal replying the adapter, the adapter sends an instruction 3 to the mobile terminal to query the maximum charging current currently supported by the mobile terminal, and the mobile terminal replies to the maximum charging current value currently supported by the mobile terminal of the adapter. And enter the fourth stage.
  • the adapter receives feedback of the maximum charging current value currently supported by the mobile terminal replied by the mobile terminal, and the adapter can set its output current to a specified value, and the adapter outputs current to enter the constant current phase.
  • the adapter When entering the constant current phase, the adapter sends an instruction 4 every time interval to query the current voltage of the mobile terminal battery, and the mobile terminal can feed back the current voltage of the mobile terminal battery to the adapter, and the adapter can be based on the current voltage of the mobile terminal regarding the mobile terminal battery. Feedback, determine if the USB contact is good and whether it is necessary to reduce the current charging current value of the mobile terminal. When the adapter determines that the USB contact is bad, it sends an instruction 5 and then resets to re-enter Phase 1.
  • the data (or information) of the path impedance of the mobile terminal may be attached to the command 1 data, and the mobile terminal path impedance data may be used in Phase 5 determines if the USB contact is good.
  • the mobile terminal agrees to start the fast charging mode, and the time when the adapter adjusts the voltage to the appropriate value may be controlled within a certain range, and the time exceeds the predetermined range, then the mobile terminal It can be determined that the request is abnormal and the reset is fast.
  • the mobile terminal in phase 2, can make an adapter with respect to the adapter when the output voltage of the adapter is adjusted to be higher than ⁇ V ( ⁇ V is about 200-500 mV) compared to the battery current voltage. Appropriate feedback of the output voltage.
  • the speed of adjusting the output current value of the adapter can be controlled within a certain range, so as to avoid abnormal interruption of the fast charge due to the excessive adjustment speed.
  • the magnitude of the change in the magnitude of the output current value of the adapter can be controlled within 5%.
  • the adapter monitors the charging loop impedance in real time by monitoring the output voltage of the adapter, the current charging current, and the read terminal battery voltage to monitor the entire charging loop impedance.
  • the charging loop impedance > terminal path impedance + fast charge data line impedance is measured, it can be considered that the USB contact is poor and the charge is reset.
  • the communication time interval between the adapter and the mobile terminal can be controlled within a certain range to avoid a fast charge reset.
  • the stop of the fast charge mode can be divided into two types: a recoverable stop and an unrecoverable stop:
  • the fast charge stops and resets, and enters the stage 1
  • the mobile terminal does not agree to turn on the fast charging mode
  • the fast charging communication process does not enter the stage 2, and the fast charging process stops at this time. Can be stopped for unrecoverable.
  • the fast charge stops and resets to enter phase 1.
  • the mobile terminal agrees to turn on the fast charge mode to resume the fast charge charging process, and the fast charging process is stopped at this time. Can be a recoverable stop.
  • the fast charge stops and resets to enter phase 1, and after entering phase 1, the mobile terminal does not agree to turn on the fast charge mode. Until the battery returns to normal and meets the requirements of Phase 1, the mobile terminal agrees to turn on the fast charge to resume the fast charge process, and the fast charge process that stops at this time may be a recoverable stop.
  • FIG. 4 An example of a fast charging process is given below in conjunction with FIG. 4 roughly corresponds to the flow described in FIG. 3 and will not be described in detail.
  • the adapter is initially in a Dedicated Charging Port (DCP) mode (corresponding to the normal charging mode, at which time D+, D- can be shorted) to charge the mobile terminal.
  • DCP Dedicated Charging Port
  • the adapter can also determine whether the data line is a fast charge data line. There are various specific determination methods. For example, an identification circuit is added to the data line, and the adapter recognizes the data line by performing information interaction with the identification circuit. Whether it is a fast charge data line.
  • the adapter can exit. Fast charge process or reset.
  • the fast charging process between the adapter and the mobile terminal is described in detail above in conjunction with FIGS. 3 through 4.
  • the internal structure of the adapter needs to be adjusted, and some new devices and circuits including the MCU are introduced, which leads to an increase in the size of the adapter.
  • the adapter after the adapter takes power from the mains and rectifies the current, it can output the unidirectional ripple current/voltage directly at the output without the need of electrolytic capacitor filtering (for example, it can be a half-wave voltage/current of the same frequency as the AC terminal, or
  • the frequency of the unidirectional pulsating current/voltage is the same as the frequency of the power supply grid, for example, 50 Hz or 60 Hz, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the adapter can charge the battery in the mobile terminal using the normal charging mode (or standard charging) before the adapter starts to use the fast charging mode.
  • the output current/voltage of the adapter can also adopt the above-described one-way ripple current/voltage, because this can improve the charging performance in the normal charging mode.
  • the adapter can still filter the current in normal charging mode, which is better compatible with the prior art.
  • the filter circuit includes electrolytic capacitors in parallel and common capacitors (such as solid capacitors).
  • the electrolytic capacitor of the adapter content can be removed, and a capacitor with a small capacitance value is reserved.
  • the branch of the capacitor can be controlled to be turned on, and the current is filtered to make the power output stable.
  • the branch of the common capacitor can be controlled to be disconnected, and the capacitor is avoided.
  • the ripple current exceeds the standard and damages the capacitor. Without filtering, it directly outputs the unidirectional pulsating current.
  • FIGS 5 and 6 show examples of waveforms of the output current of the adapter during the normal charging mode to the fast charging mode. It should be understood that the waveform of the voltage may be similar to the waveform of the current, which will not be described below.
  • I 1 is the peak value of the current waveform in the normal charging mode
  • I max is the peak value of the waveform of the initial current in the fast charging mode.
  • I max may be related to the remaining power of the battery or the current voltage of the battery. For example, when the remaining battery power is low (for example, the remaining battery power is less than 10%), I max may be large. For example, it may be 4.5A; when the remaining battery power is high (for example, the remaining battery power is higher than 80%), I max may be lower, for example, may be 3A.
  • the fast charging process can include the initial process and the downflow process (here, the complete process of fast charging, of course, if the battery has more remaining power, it can directly enter the downflow process.).
  • the adapter may be held in the magnitude of the current I max; in downflow process, the adapter may be continuous or staged manner downflow reduce the output current. For example, in the downflow mode corresponding to FIG. 5, the peak value of the waveform of the output current in the latter period is smaller than the peak value of the waveform of the previous period; the downflow method corresponding to FIG. 6 divides the downflow process into multiple stages, at each stage.
  • the current waveform remains the same, but the peak value of the output current in the latter stage is smaller than the peak value of the waveform in the previous stage.
  • the time interval occupied by each waveform of the current can be kept the same.
  • the frequency of the current waveform can be the usual 50 Hz or 60 Hz, which is synchronized with the frequency of the power supply grid.
  • the adapter can continuously interact with the mobile terminal's current battery level (or the current voltage of the battery) to guide the downstream process.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of an adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the adapter 700 of FIG. 7 is capable of performing the various steps performed by the adapter above, and to avoid repetition, no further details are provided herein.
  • the adapter 700 of FIG. 7 includes a communication control circuit 710 and a charging circuit 720.
  • the communication control circuit 710 is configured to communicate with the mobile terminal after the adapter is connected to the mobile terminal to determine a charging mode, wherein a power line in the charging interface is used to charge the battery.
  • the data line in the charging interface is used by the adapter 700 to communicate with the mobile terminal, the charging mode includes a fast charging mode and a normal charging mode, and the charging speed of the fast charging mode is greater than that of the normal charging mode.
  • Charging speed in case determining to charge the battery using the fast charging mode, communicating with the mobile terminal to determine a charging current corresponding to the fast charging mode; according to the charging current corresponding to the fast charging mode, The unidirectionally pulsed output current is rapidly charged by the charging circuit 720.
  • a peak value of a starting waveform of the output current is equal to a current value of a charging current corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • an average value of a starting waveform of the output current is equal to a current value of a charging current corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • the fast charging process includes a downflow process, in which a peak of a subsequent waveform of adjacent waveforms of the output current is smaller than the adjacent waveform. The peak of the previous waveform.
  • the fast charging process includes a downflow process, and the The flow process is divided into a plurality of stages, the plurality of stages including adjacent first stage and second stage, the first stage being earlier than the second stage, and the waveform of the output current is in the plurality of Each phase in the phase remains internally unchanged, and the peak value of the waveform of the output current in the second phase is less than the peak value of the waveform of the output current in the first phase.
  • the communication control circuit 710 is further configured to: when the adapter 700 determines to use the fast charging mode to charge the battery, to communicate with the mobile terminal to determine the fast The charging voltage corresponding to the charging mode; according to the charging voltage corresponding to the fast charging mode, the battery is quickly charged by using a one-way pulsating charging voltage.
  • a peak value of a starting waveform of the output voltage is equal to a voltage value of a charging voltage corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • an average value of a starting waveform of the output voltage is equal to a voltage value of a charging voltage corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • the one-way pulsed output current is an unfiltered current output by the rectifier circuit in the adapter 700.
  • the frequency f of the output current of the adapter 700 satisfies: 50 Hz ⁇ f ⁇ 60 Hz.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the mobile terminal 800 of FIG. 8 can implement the various steps performed by the mobile terminal in the above, and to avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.
  • the mobile terminal 800 includes a communication control circuit 810 and a charging circuit 820, and the communication control circuit 810 is configured to communicate with the adapter to determine charging after the mobile terminal 800 is connected to the adapter through the universal serial bus charging interface.
  • a mode wherein a power line in the charging interface is used to charge the battery, and a data line in the charging interface is used by the mobile terminal 800 to communicate with the adapter, the charging mode including a fast charging mode And a normal charging mode, the charging speed of the fast charging mode being greater than the charging speed of the normal charging mode; in the case of determining to charge the battery using the fast charging mode, communicating with the adapter to determine the fast a charging current corresponding to the charging mode; receiving a unidirectional pulsating output current of the adapter, and rapidly charging the battery through the charging circuit, wherein the unidirectional pulsating output current is the adapter based on the fast Determined by the charging current corresponding to the charging mode.
  • a peak value of a starting waveform of the output current is equal to a current value of a charging current corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • the output current is The average value of the starting waveform is equal to the current value of the charging current corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • the fast charging process includes a downflow process, in which a peak of a subsequent waveform of adjacent waveforms of the output current is smaller than the adjacent waveform. The peak of the previous waveform.
  • the fast charging process includes a downflow process, where the downflow process is divided into multiple phases, where the multiple phases include adjacent first phase and second phase, The first phase is earlier than the second phase, the waveform of the output current remains unchanged within each of the plurality of phases, and the peak value of the waveform of the output current in the second phase is less than The peak value of the waveform of the output current in the first phase is described.
  • the communication control circuit 810 is further configured to, when determining to use the fast charging mode to charge the battery, to communicate with the adapter to determine charging corresponding to the fast charging mode. And receiving a one-way pulsed output voltage of the adapter to quickly charge the battery, wherein the one-way pulsed output voltage is determined by the adapter based on a charging voltage corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • a peak value of a starting waveform of the output voltage is equal to a voltage value of a charging voltage corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • an average value of a starting waveform of the output voltage is equal to a voltage value of a charging voltage corresponding to the fast charging mode.
  • the one-way pulsed output current is an unfiltered current output by the rectifier circuit in the adapter.
  • the frequency f of the output current of the adapter satisfies: 50 Hz ⁇ f ⁇ 60 Hz.
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and The method can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium, including
  • the instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

Abstract

一种充电方法、适配器和移动终端，该方法包括：在适配器（700）与移动终端（800）通过充电接口连接后，适配器与移动终端进行通信，以确定充电模式，其中，充电接口中的电源线用于为电池充电，充电接口中的数据线用于适配器与移动终端进行通信，充电模式包括快速充电模式和普通充电模式，快速充电模式的充电速度大于普通充电模式的充电速度；在确定使用快速充电模式为电池充电的情况下，适配器与移动终端进行通信，以确定快速充电模式对应的充电电流；适配器根据快速充电模式对应的充电电流，采用单向脉动的输出电流对电池进行快速充电。

Description

充电方法、适配器和移动终端 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及移动终端领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种充电方法、适配器和移动终端。
背景技术
目前，移动终端(如智能手机)越来越受到消费者的青睐，但是移动终端耗电量大，需要经常充电。
图1为适配器的内部结构的示例图。从图1可以看出，适配器内部一般包括变压器、整流电路和滤波电路等。其中，整流电路可以包括初级侧整流电路和次级侧整流电路；滤波电路可以包括初级侧滤波电路和次级侧滤波电路。此外，适配器还可包括脉冲宽波调制(Pulse Width Modulation，PWM)控制电路等其他电路。变压器可以将市电电压(例如220V)进行电压变换、隔离，转换成适配器的工作电压(例如5V)；整流电路一般为桥电路，可以将正负变化的交流电转换成单向电流，也就是说，经过整流后，整流电路的输出电流一般为单向脉动的电流，也称为馒头波。图2是单向脉动的电流的波形示意图。滤波电路对整流电路输出的电压、电流进行滤波，得到稳定的直流电(电压值稳定)，并通过充电接口输出到移动终端内部，为移动终端中的电池充电。
现有的移动终端一般采用锂电池供电，利用上述充电方式对移动终端内的电池进行充电，经常会造成析锂现象的发生，导致电池的寿命降低。
发明内容
本申请提供一种充电方法、适配器和移动终端，以提高移动终端内的电池的使用寿命。
第一方面，提供一种充电方法，所述方法包括：在适配器与移动终端通过充电接口(例如，可以是通用串行总线(Universal Serial Bus，USB)接口连接后，所述适配器与所述移动终端进行通信，以确定充电模式，其中，所述充电接口中的电源线用于为所述电池充电，所述充电接口中的数据线用于所述适配器与所述移动终端进行通信，所述充电模式包括快速充电模式(例 如，可以是基于闪充技术的充电模式)和普通充电模式(例如，可以是标充)，所述快速充电模式的充电速度大于所述普通充电模式的充电速度；在确定使用快速充电模式为所述电池充电的情况下，所述适配器与所述移动终端进行通信，以确定所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流；所述适配器根据所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流，采用单向脉动的输出电流对所述电池进行快速充电。
本方案中，适配器与移动终端协商电池的充电模式和充电电流，当确定使用快速充电模式为电池充电时，适配器基于协商好的充电电流，采用单向脉动的输出电流对电池进行快速充电。单向脉动的输出电流的电流大小周期性变换，与恒流相比，单向脉动的输出电流能够降低锂电池的析锂现象，提高电池的使用寿命。此外，与恒流相比，单向脉动的输出电流能够减少充电接口的触点的拉弧的概率和强度，提高充电接口的寿命。
进一步地，使用单向脉动的输出电流可以降低适配器结构的复杂度，减小适配器的体积。具体而言，在现有技术中，为了得到稳定的电流，适配器内部一般包含滤波电路，滤波电路中的电解电容的体积较大，使得整个适配器的体积较大，携带不方便。本方案中，由于适配器输出的并非恒流电流，而是单向脉动的电流，因此，适配器无需经过滤波电路，可以直接将整流后的功率进行变换，输出脉动的波动的电流，供给系统，这样可以简化适配器的结构。
此外，大小变换的电流可以缓解适配器充电过程中的发热问题，而且大小变换的电流与恒流相比，有利于降低电池的极化效应、提高充电速度、减少电池的发热。
可替换地，所述适配器根据所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流，采用单向脉动的输出电流对所述电池进行快速充电可以指：所述适配器根据所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流，采用单向脉动的输出电流，在所述快速充电模式下对所述电池进行充电。
应理解，单向脉动的输出电流的特点是方向不变，而大小随时间变化。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种实现方式中，在所述适配器根据所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流，采用单向脉动的输出电流对所述电池进行快速充电之前，所述方法还包括：在所述适配器确定使用快速充电模式为所述电池充电的情况下，所述适配器与所述移动终端进行通信，以确定所述快 速充电模式对应的充电电压；所述适配器根据所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压，采用单向脉动的充电电压对所述电池进行快速充电。
可替换地，所述适配器根据所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压，采用单向脉动的输出电压对所述电池进行快速充电可以指：所述适配器根据所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压，采用单向脉动的输出电压，在所述快速充电模式下对所述电池进行充电。
应理解，在适配器为移动终端中的电池充电之前，适配器可以先与移动终端协商快速充电模式对应的充电电压和充电电流，当快速充电模式对应的充电电压和充电电流确定之后，适配器就可以根据协商好的充电电压和充电电流对电池进行充电。
第二方面，提供一种充电方法，所述方法包括：在移动终端与适配器通过充电接口连接后，所述移动终端与所述适配器进行通信，以确定充电模式，其中，所述充电接口中的电源线用于为所述电池充电，所述充电接口中的数据线用于所述移动终端与所述适配器进行通信，所述充电模式包括快速充电模式和普通充电模式，所述快速充电模式的充电速度大于所述普通充电模式的充电速度；在确定使用快速充电模式为所述电池充电的情况下，所述移动终端与所述适配器进行通信，以确定所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流；所述移动终端接收所述适配器的单向脉动的输出电流，对所述电池进行快速充电，其中，所述单向脉动的输出电流是所述适配器基于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流而确定的。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第一种实现方式中，在所述移动终端接收所述适配器的单向脉动的输出电流，对所述电池进行快速充电之前，所述方法还包括：在确定使用快速充电模式为所述电池充电的情况下，所述移动终端与所述适配器进行通信，以确定所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压；所述移动终端接收所述适配器的单向脉动的输出电压，对所述电池进行快速充电，其中，所述单向脉动的输出电压是所述适配器基于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压而确定的。
第三方面，提供一种适配器，所述适配器包括通信控制电路和充电电路，所述通信控制电路用于与所述移动终端进行通信，并通过所述充电电路对适配器与移动终端之间的充电过程进行控制。所述通信控制电路和所述充电电路相互配合，能够执行第一方面中的方法。
第四方面，提供一种移动终端，所述移动终端包括通信控制电路和充电电路，所述通信控制电路用于与所述适配器进行通信，并通过所述充电电路对适配器与移动终端之间的充电过程进行控制。所述通信控制电路与所述充电电路相互配合，能够执行第二方面中的方法。
第五方面，提供一种充电方法，所述方法包括：在适配器与移动终端通过充电接口连接后，所述适配器采用单向脉动的输出电流对所述移动终端内的电池进行充电。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的第一种实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述适配器采用单向脉动的充电电压对所述电池进行快速充电。
第六方面，提供一种充电方法，所述方法包括：在移动终端与适配器通过充电接口连接后，所述移动终端接收所述适配器的单向脉动的输出电流，对所述移动终端内的电池进行充电。
结合第六方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第六方面的第一种实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述移动终端接收所述适配器的单向脉动的输出电压，对所述移动终端内的电池进行充电。
第七方面，提供一种适配器，所述适配器包括：充电电路，所述充电电路用于在适配器与移动终端通过充电接口连接后，采用单向脉动的输出电流对所述移动终端内的电池进行充电。
结合第七方面，在第七方面的第一种实现方式中，所述充电电路还用于采用单向脉动的充电电压对所述电池进行快速充电。
第八方面，提供一种移动终端，所述移动终端包括：在移动终端与适配器通过充电接口连接后，接收所述适配器的单向脉动的输出电流，对所述移动终端内的电池进行充电。
结合第八方面，在第八方面的第一种实现方式中，所述移动终端还用于接收所述适配器的单向脉动的输出电压，对所述移动终端内的电池进行充电。
在上述某些实现方式中，充电接口可以是普通的USB接口，也可以是micro USB接口，还可以是其他类型的充电接口。以USB接口为例，USB接口中的电源线可以包括Vbus和地线，充电接口中的数据线可以包括充电接口中的D+线和D-线中的至少一根。
在上述某些实现方式中，对电池进行快速充电可以指使用快速充电模式对所述电池进行充电。
在上述某些实现方式中，在所述快速充电的过程中，适配器的输出电流的起始波形(例如，第1个波形，或前几个波形)的峰值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流的电流值。
在上述某些实现方式中，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电流的起始波形的均值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流的电流值。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述快速充电的过程(或所述充电的过程)包括降流过程，在所述降流过程中，所述输出电流的相邻波形中的后一波形的峰值小于所述相邻波形中的前一波形的峰值。此外，快速充电的过程(或充电的过程)还可以包括起始充电过程，在起始充电过程中，适配器的输出电流的波形可以保持不变。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述快速充电的过程(或所述充电的过程)包括降流过程，所述降流过程被划分成多个阶段，所述多个阶段包括相邻的第一阶段和第二阶段，所述第一阶段早于所述第二阶段，所述输出电流的波形在所述多个阶段中的每个阶段内部保持不变，所述输出电流的波形在所述多个阶段中的不同阶段不同，且所述输出电流在所述第二阶段的波形的峰值小于所述输出电流在所述第一阶段的波形的峰值。此外，快速充电的过程(或充电的过程)还可以包括起始充电过程，在起始充电过程中，适配器的输出电流的波形可以保持不变。
在上述某些实现方式中，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电压的起始波形的峰值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压的电压值。
在上述某些实现方式中，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电压的起始波形的均值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压的电压值。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述单向脉动的输出电流是所述适配器中的整流电路输出的、未经过滤波的电流。具体地，适配器可以包括整流电路，不包括滤波电路，或者不包括滤波电路中的电解电容。也就是说，适配器的输出端的输出电流可以不经过整流，直接作为适配器的输出电流。
在上述某些实现方式中，所述适配器的输出脉动的电流的频率与交流供电电网的额定频率同频，例如常用的50Hz和60Hz。
在上述某些实现方式中，单向脉动的输出电流(或输出电压)的波形的周期恒定。
在上述某些实现方式中，单向脉动的输出电流(或输出电压)为半波电 流(或半波电压)；进一步地，该半波电流(或半波电压)可以为正弦半波电流(或正弦半波电压)。
在上述某些实现方式中，单向脉动的输出电流(或电压)可以是与整流电路的交流电(Alternating Current，AC)端同频的半波电流(或电压)。
本申请中，适配器与移动终端进行通信，并采用单向脉动的输出电流为移动终端充电，提高了电池的使用寿命。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对本发明实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是现有技术中的适配器的内部结构的示例图。
图2是单向脉动的电流的波形的示意图。
图3是本发明实施例的快充过程的示例图。
图4是本发明实施例的快充过程的示例性流程图。
图5是单向脉动的输出电流的波形示例图。
图6是单向脉动的输出电流的波形示例图。
图7是本发明实施例的适配器的示意性结构图。
图8是本发明实施例的移动终端的示意性结构图。
具体实施方式
现有技术中，大多适配器均非智能的适配器，只是简单地将市电转换成适于充电的工作电压，为移动终端的电池充电。为了提高充电过程的安全性和充电速度，本发明实施例可以采用智能的适配器，例如，可以在适配器内部设置微控制单元(Micro Controller Unit，MCU)，该MCU可以与移动终端进行通信，从而与移动终端协商充电模式和充电参数(如充电电流、充电电压)，并对充电过程进行控制。
适配器和/或移动终端支持的充电模式可以包括普通充电模式和快速充电模式。快速充电模式的充电速度大于所述普通充电模式的充电速度(例如，快速充电模式的充电电流大于普通充电模式的充电电流)。一般而言，普通 充电模式可以理解为额定输出电压为5V，额定输出电流小于等于2.5A的充电模式，此外，在普通充电模式下，适配器输出端口D+和D-可以短路。而本发明实施例中的快速充电模式则不同，本发明实施例的快速充电模式下适配器可以利用D+和D-与移动终端进行通信和数据交换，快速充电模式下的充电电流可以大于2.5A，例如，可以达到4.5A，甚至更大。但本发明实施例对普通充电模式不作具体限定，只要适配器支持两种充电模式，其中一种充电模式的充电速度(或电流)大于另一种充电模式的充电速度，则充电速度较慢的充电模式就可以理解为普通充电模式。
为了开启和使用快速充电模式，适配器可以与移动终端进行快充通信流程，经过一次或多次握手协商，实现电池的快速充电。下面结合图3，详细描述本发明实施例的快充通信流程，以及快充过程包括的各个阶段。应理解，图3示出的通信步骤或操作仅是示例，本发明实施例还可以执行其它操作或者图3中的各种操作的变形。此外，图3中的各个步骤可以按照与图3呈现的不同的顺序来执行，并且有可能并非要执行图3中的全部操作。
图3是本发明实施例的快充过程的示例图。
如图3所示，快充过程可以包含五个阶段：
阶段1：
移动终端可以通过D+、D-检测适配器类型，当检测到适配器为非USB类型的充电装置时，则移动终端吸收的电流可以大于预设的电流阈值I2(例如可以是1A)。当适配器检测到预设时长(例如，可以是连续T1时间)内适配器输出电流大于或等于I2时，则适配器认为终端对于适配器类型识别已经完成，适配器开启适配器与移动终端之间的握手通信，适配器发送指令1询问终端是否开启快速充电模式(或称为闪充)。
当适配器收到移动终端的回复指令指示移动终端不同意开启快速充电模式时，则再次检测适配器的输出电流，当适配器的输出电流仍然大于或等于I2时，再次发起请求询问移动终端是否开启快速充电模式，重复阶段1的上述步骤，直到移动终端答复同意开启快速充电模式，或适配器的输出电流不再满足大于或等于I2的条件。
当移动终端同意开启快充后，快充充电过程开启，快充通信流程进入第2阶段。
阶段2：
适配器输出电压可以包括多个档位，适配器向移动终端发送指令2询问移动终端所述适配器的输出电压是否匹配(或是否合适，即是否适合作为快速充电模式下的充电电压)。
移动终端答复适配器所述适配器的输出电压偏高或偏低或匹配，如适配器接收到所述移动终端关于所述适配器的输出电压偏高或偏低的反馈时，则适配器将适配器的输出电压调整一格档位，并再次向移动终端发送指令2，重新询问移动终端所述适配器的输出电压是否匹配。
重复阶段2以上步骤直到移动终端答复适配器所述适配器的输出电压处于匹配档位后，进入第3阶段。
阶段3：
当适配器收到移动终端答复适配器的输出电压匹配的反馈后，适配器向移动终端发送指令3，询问移动终端当前支持的最大充电电流，移动终端答复适配器所述移动终端当前支持的最大充电电流值，并进入第4阶段。
阶段4：
适配器接收移动终端答复的移动终端当前支持的最大充电电流值的反馈，适配器可以设置其输出电流为指定值，适配器输出电流，进入恒流阶段。
阶段5：
当进入恒流阶段时，适配器每间隔一段时间发送指令4，询问移动终端电池的当前电压，移动终端可以向适配器反馈移动终端电池的当前电压，适配器可以根据移动终端关于移动终端电池的当前电压的反馈，判断USB接触是否良好以及是否需要降低移动终端当前的充电电流值。当适配器判断为USB接触不良，发送指令5，之后复位以重新进入阶段1。
可选地，在一个实施例中，在阶段1中，移动终端回复指令1时，指令1数据中可以附带该移动终端的通路阻抗的数据(或信息)，移动终端通路阻抗数据可以用于在阶段5判断USB接触是否良好。
可选地，在一个实施例中，在阶段2中，从移动终端同意启动快速充电模式，到适配器将电压调整到合适值的时间可以控制在一定范围之内，该时间超出预定范围则移动终端可以判定为请求异常，快速复位。
可选地，在一个实施例中，在阶段2中，可以在适配器的输出电压调整到相较于电池当前电压高于ΔV(ΔV约为200～500mV)时，移动终端对适配器作出关于适配器的输出电压合适的反馈。
可选地，在一个实施例中，在阶段4中，适配器输出电流值的大小调整速度可以控制一定范围之内，这样可以避免由于调整速度过快导致快充异常中断。
可选地，在一个实施例中，在阶段5中，恒流阶段，适配器的输出电流值的大小的变化幅度可以控制在5％以内。
可选地，在一个实施例中，在阶段5中，适配器实时监测充电回路阻抗：即通过测量适配器的输出电压、当前充电电流及读取的终端电池电压，监测整个充电回路阻抗。当测出充电回路阻抗>终端通路阻抗+快充数据线阻抗时，可以认为USB接触不良，快充复位。
可选地，在一个实施例中，开启快充模式之后，适配器与移动终端之间的通信时间间隔可以控制在一定范围之内，避免出现快充复位。
可选地，在一个实施例中，快速充电模式(或快速充电过程)的停止可以分为可恢复的停止和不可恢复的停止两种：
例如，当移动终端检测到电池充满或USB接触不良时，快充停止并复位，进入阶段1，移动终端不同意开启快速充电模式，快充通信流程不进入阶段2，此时停止的快充过程可以为不可恢复的停止。
例如，当移动终端和适配器出现通信异常时，快充停止并复位以进入阶段1，在满足阶段1要求后，移动终端同意开启快充模式以恢复快充充电过程，此时停止的快充过程可以为可恢复的停止。
例如，当移动终端检测到电池出现异常时，快充停止并复位以进入阶段1，在进入阶段1后，移动终端不同意开启快充模式。直到电池恢复正常，且满足阶段1要求后，移动终端同意开启快充以恢复快充过程，此时停止的快充过程可以为可恢复的停止。
下面结合图4，给出快速充电过程的一个示例。图4示出的整个流程与图3所描述的流程大致对应，不再详细描述。
从图4可以看出，适配器一开始处于专用充电接口(Dedicated Charging Port，DCP)模式(对应于普通充电模式，此时D+、D-可以短接)，为移动终端充电。在发送指令1前，适配器还可以判断数据线是否为快充数据线，具体的判断方式有很多种，例如，在数据线中加识别电路，适配器通过与该识别电路进行信息交互识别该数据线是否为快充数据线。此外，还需要说明的是，在整个快充流程中，当出现通信异常或阻抗异常时，适配器可以退出 快充流程或复位。
上文结合图3至图4，详细描述了适配器与移动终端之间的快充过程。为了支持上述快充过程，适配器内部的结构要进行调整，引入包括MCU在内的一些新的器件和电路，会导致适配器的体积增大。为了降低适配器的体积，优化适配器内部的电路结构，同时提高充电性能，可以考虑去掉适配器内部的滤波电路，或者去掉滤波电路中的体积较大的电解电容。
这样，适配器从市电取电并对电流整流之后，无需经过电解电容滤波，可以直接在输出端输出单向脉动电流/电压(例如，可以是与AC端同频的半波电压/电流，或称馒头包电压/电流)，该单向脉动电流/电压的频率与供电的电网频率同频，例如常用的50Hz或60Hz，但本发明实施例不限于此。
上文结合图3和图4描述了快充通信流程，在适配器未开始使用快速充电模式之前，适配器可以使用普通充电模式(或称标充)对移动终端中的电池进行充电。在普通充电模式下，适配器的输出电流/电压也可以采用上述单向脉动电流/电压，因为这样可以提高普通充电模式下的充电性能。当然，作为一种实现方式，适配器在普通充电模式下仍然可以对电流进行滤波，这样可以更好地兼容现有技术。例如，一般情况下，滤波电路包括并联的电解电容和普通电容(如固态电容)。由于电解电容占用的体积比较大，为了减少适配器的尺寸，可以去掉适配器内容的电解电容，保留一个容值较小的电容。当使用普通充电模式时，可以控制该电容所在支路导通，对电流进行滤波，使小功率输出是功率稳定；当使用快速充电模式时，可以控制普通电容所在支路断开，避免该电容器纹波电流超标损坏该电容，不经过滤波，直接输出单向脉动的电流。
图5和图6给出了普通充电模式到快速充电模式过程中，适配器的输出电流的波形的示例。应理解，电压的波形可以与电流的波形类似，下文不再赘述。
在图5和图6中，I1为普通充电模式下的电流波形的峰值，Imax为快速充电模式下的初始电流的波形的峰值。可选地，在一个实施例中，Imax可以与电池的剩余电量或电池的当前电压有关，例如，当电池剩余电量较低(例如，电池剩余电量不足10％)时，Imax可以很大，例如可以是4.5A；当电池剩余电量较高(例如，电池剩余电量高于80％)时，Imax可以低一些，例如，可以是3A。快速充电过程可以包括起始过程和降流过程(这里指快速充电 的完整过程，当然，如果电池的剩余电量较多，可以直接进入降流过程。)。在起始过程中，适配器可以将电流大小保持在Imax；在降流过程中，适配器可以采用连续或分阶段降流的方式降低输出电流。例如，图5对应的降流方式中，输出电流在后一个周期的波形的峰值小于前一个周期的波形的峰值；图6对应的降流方式将降流过程分成多个阶段，在每个阶段内，电流波形保持不变，但输出电流在后一阶段的波形的峰值小于前一阶段的波形的峰值。电流的每个波形所占的时间间隔可以保持相同，电流波形的频率可以是常用的50Hz或60Hz，与供电电网频率同步。电流达到Imax时，可以表示快充进入了图3描述的阶段5。在进入阶段5之后，适配器可以不断与移动终端交互电池的当前电量(或电池的当前电压)，以此来指导降流过程的进行。
上文结合图1至图6，详细描述了本发明实施例的充电方法，下文结合图7至图8，详细描述本发明实施例的适配器和移动终端。
图7是本发明实施例的适配器的示意性结构图。应理解，图7的适配器700能够执行上文中由适配器执行的各个步骤，为避免重复，此处不再赘述。图7的适配器700包括通信控制电路710和充电电路720。所述通信控制电路710用于在适配器与移动终端通过充电接口连接后，与所述移动终端进行通信，以确定充电模式，其中，所述充电接口中的电源线用于为所述电池充电，所述充电接口中的数据线用于所述适配器700与所述移动终端进行通信，所述充电模式包括快速充电模式和普通充电模式，所述快速充电模式的充电速度大于所述普通充电模式的充电速度；在确定使用快速充电模式为所述电池充电的情况下，与所述移动终端进行通信，以确定所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流；根据所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流，采用单向脉动的输出电流通过所述充电电路720对所述电池进行快速充电。
可选地，作为一个实施例，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电流的起始波形的峰值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流的电流值。
可选地，作为一个实施例，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电流的起始波形的均值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流的电流值。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述快速充电的过程包括降流过程，在所述降流过程中，所述输出电流的相邻波形中的后一波形的峰值小于所述相邻波形中的前一波形的峰值。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述快速充电的过程包括降流过程，所述降 流过程被划分成多个阶段，所述多个阶段包括相邻的第一阶段和第二阶段，所述第一阶段早于所述第二阶段，所述输出电流的波形在所述多个阶段中的每个阶段内部保持不变，所述输出电流在所述第二阶段的波形的峰值小于所述输出电流在所述第一阶段的波形的峰值。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述通信控制电路710还用于在所述适配器700确定使用快速充电模式为所述电池充电的情况下，与所述移动终端进行通信，以确定所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压；根据所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压，采用单向脉动的充电电压对所述电池进行快速充电。
可选地，作为一个实施例，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电压的起始波形的峰值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压的电压值。
可选地，作为一个实施例，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电压的起始波形的均值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压的电压值。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述单向脉动的输出电流是所述适配器700中的整流电路输出的、未经过滤波的电流。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述适配器700的输出电流的频率f满足：50Hz≤f≤60Hz。
图8是本发明实施例的移动终端的示意性结构图。应理解，图8的移动终端800能够实现上文中由移动终端执行的各个步骤，为避免重复，此处不再赘述。所述移动终端800包括：通信控制电路810和充电电路820，所述通信控制电路810用于在移动终端800与适配器通过通用串行总线充电接口连接后，与所述适配器进行通信，以确定充电模式，其中，所述充电接口中的电源线用于为所述电池充电，所述充电接口中的数据线用于所述移动终端800与所述适配器进行通信，所述充电模式包括快速充电模式和普通充电模式，所述快速充电模式的充电速度大于所述普通充电模式的充电速度；在确定使用快速充电模式为所述电池充电的情况下，与所述适配器进行通信，以确定所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流；接收所述适配器的单向脉动的输出电流，通过所述充电电路对所述电池进行快速充电，其中，所述单向脉动的输出电流是所述适配器基于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流而确定的。
可选地，作为一个实施例，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电流的起始波形的峰值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流的电流值。
可选地，作为一个实施例，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电流的 起始波形的均值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流的电流值。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述快速充电的过程包括降流过程，在所述降流过程中，所述输出电流的相邻波形中的后一波形的峰值小于所述相邻波形中的前一波形的峰值。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述快速充电的过程包括降流过程，所述降流过程被划分成多个阶段，所述多个阶段包括相邻的第一阶段和第二阶段，所述第一阶段早于所述第二阶段，所述输出电流的波形在所述多个阶段中的每个阶段内部保持不变，所述输出电流在所述第二阶段的波形的峰值小于所述输出电流在所述第一阶段的波形的峰值。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述通信控制电路810还用于在确定使用快速充电模式为所述电池充电的情况下，与所述适配器进行通信，以确定所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压；接收所述适配器的单向脉动的输出电压，对所述电池进行快速充电，其中，所述单向脉动的输出电压是所述适配器基于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压而确定的。
可选地，作为一个实施例，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电压的起始波形的峰值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压的电压值。
可选地，作为一个实施例，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电压的起始波形的均值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压的电压值。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述单向脉动的输出电流是所述适配器中的整流电路输出的、未经过滤波的电流。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述适配器的输出电流的频率f满足：50Hz≤f≤60Hz。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和 方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (40)

  1. 一种充电方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    在适配器与移动终端通过充电接口连接后，所述适配器与所述移动终端进行通信，以确定充电模式，其中，所述充电接口中的电源线用于为所述电池充电，所述充电接口中的数据线用于所述适配器与所述移动终端进行通信，所述充电模式包括快速充电模式和普通充电模式，所述快速充电模式的充电速度大于所述普通充电模式的充电速度；
    在确定使用快速充电模式为所述电池充电的情况下，所述适配器与所述移动终端进行通信，以确定所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流；
    所述适配器根据所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流，采用单向脉动的输出电流对所述电池进行快速充电。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电流的起始波形的峰值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流的电流值。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电流的起始波形的均值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流的电流值。
  4. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述快速充电的过程包括降流过程，在所述降流过程中，所述输出电流的相邻波形中的后一波形的峰值小于所述相邻波形中的前一波形的峰值。
  5. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述快速充电的过程包括降流过程，所述降流过程被划分成多个阶段，所述多个阶段包括相邻的第一阶段和第二阶段，所述第一阶段早于所述第二阶段，所述输出电流的波形在所述多个阶段中的每个阶段内部保持不变，所述输出电流在所述第二阶段的波形的峰值小于所述输出电流在所述第一阶段的波形的峰值。
  6. 如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述适配器根据所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流，采用单向脉动的输出电流对所述电池进行快速充电之前，所述方法还包括：
    在所述适配器确定使用快速充电模式为所述电池充电的情况下，所述适配器与所述移动终端进行通信，以确定所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压；
    所述适配器根据所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压，采用单向脉动的充 电电压对所述电池进行快速充电。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电压的起始波形的峰值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压的电压值。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电压的起始波形的均值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压的电压值。
  9. 如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述单向脉动的输出电流是所述适配器中的整流电路输出的、未经过滤波的电流。
  10. 如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述适配器的输出电流的脉动频率与交流供电电网同频。
  11. 一种充电方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    在移动终端与适配器通过充电接口连接后，所述移动终端与所述适配器进行通信，以确定充电模式，其中，所述充电接口中的电源线用于为所述电池充电，所述充电接口中的数据线用于所述移动终端与所述适配器进行通信，所述充电模式包括快速充电模式和普通充电模式，所述快速充电模式的充电速度大于所述普通充电模式的充电速度；
    在确定使用快速充电模式为所述电池充电的情况下，所述移动终端与所述适配器进行通信，以确定所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流；
    所述移动终端接收所述适配器的单向脉动的输出电流，对所述电池进行快速充电，其中，所述单向脉动的输出电流是所述适配器基于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流而确定的。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电流的起始波形的峰值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流的电流值。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电流的起始波形的均值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流的电流值。
  14. 如权利要求11-13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述快速充电的过程包括降流过程，在所述降流过程中，所述输出电流的相邻波形中的后一波形的峰值小于所述相邻波形中的前一波形的峰值。
  15. 如权利要求11-13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述快速充电的过程包括降流过程，所述降流过程被划分成多个阶段，所述多个阶段包括相邻的第一阶段和第二阶段，所述第一阶段早于所述第二阶段，所述输出电流的波形在所述多个阶段中的每个阶段内部保持不变，所述输出电流在所述第二阶段的波形的峰值小于所述输出电流在所述第一阶段的波形的峰值。
  16. 如权利要求11-15中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述移动终端接收所述适配器的单向脉动的输出电流，对所述电池进行快速充电之前，所述方法还包括：
    在确定使用快速充电模式为所述电池充电的情况下，所述移动终端与所述适配器进行通信，以确定所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压；
    所述移动终端接收所述适配器的单向脉动的输出电压，对所述电池进行快速充电，其中，所述单向脉动的输出电压是所述适配器基于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压而确定的。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电压的起始波形的峰值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压的电压值。
  18. 如权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电压的起始波形的均值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压的电压值。
  19. 如权利要求11-18中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述单向脉动的输出电流是所述适配器中的整流电路输出的、未经过滤波的电流。
  20. 如权利要求11-19中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述适配器的输出电流的脉动频率与交流供电电网同频。
  21. 一种适配器，其特征在于，所述适配器包括：通信控制电路和充电电路，所述通信控制电路用于在适配器与移动终端通过充电接口连接后，与所述移动终端进行通信，以确定充电模式，其中，所述充电接口中的电源线用于为所述电池充电，所述充电接口中的数据线用于所述适配器与所述移动终端进行通信，所述充电模式包括快速充电模式和普通充电模式，所述快速充电模式的充电速度大于所述普通充电模式的充电速度；在确定使用快速充电模式为所述电池充电的情况下，与所述移动终端进行通信，以确定所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流；根据所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流，采用 单向脉动的输出电流通过所述充电电路对所述电池进行快速充电。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的适配器，其特征在于，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电流的起始波形的峰值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流的电流值。
  23. 如权利要求21所述的适配器，其特征在于，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电流的起始波形的均值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流的电流值。
  24. 如权利要求21-23中任一项所述的适配器，其特征在于，所述快速充电的过程包括降流过程，在所述降流过程中，所述输出电流的相邻波形中的后一波形的峰值小于所述相邻波形中的前一波形的峰值。
  25. 如权利要求21-23中任一项所述的适配器，其特征在于，所述快速充电的过程包括降流过程，所述降流过程被划分成多个阶段，所述多个阶段包括相邻的第一阶段和第二阶段，所述第一阶段早于所述第二阶段，所述输出电流的波形在所述多个阶段中的每个阶段内部保持不变，所述输出电流在所述第二阶段的波形的峰值小于所述输出电流在所述第一阶段的波形的峰值。
  26. 如权利要求21-25中任一项所述的适配器，其特征在于，所述通信控制电路还用于在所述适配器确定使用快速充电模式为所述电池充电的情况下，与所述移动终端进行通信，以确定所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压；根据所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压，采用单向脉动的充电电压对所述电池进行快速充电。
  27. 如权利要求26所述的适配器，其特征在于，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电压的起始波形的峰值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压的电压值。
  28. 如权利要求26所述的适配器，其特征在于，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电压的起始波形的均值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压的电压值。
  29. 如权利要求21-28中任一项所述的适配器，其特征在于，所述单向脉动的输出电流是所述适配器中的整流电路输出的、未经过滤波的电流。
  30. 如权利要求21-29中任一项所述的适配器，其特征在于，所述适配器的输出电流的脉动频率与交流供电电网同频。
  31. 一种移动终端，其特征在于，所述移动终端包括：通信控制电路和充电电路，所述通信控制电路用于在移动终端与适配器通过充电接口连接后，与所述适配器进行通信，以确定充电模式，其中，所述充电接口中的电源线用于为所述电池充电，所述充电接口中的数据线用于所述移动终端与所述适配器进行通信，所述充电模式包括快速充电模式和普通充电模式，所述快速充电模式的充电速度大于所述普通充电模式的充电速度；在确定使用快速充电模式为所述电池充电的情况下，与所述适配器进行通信，以确定所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流；接收所述适配器的单向脉动的输出电流，通过所述充电电路对所述电池进行快速充电，其中，所述单向脉动的输出电流是所述适配器基于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流而确定的。
  32. 如权利要求31所述的移动终端，其特征在于，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电流的起始波形的峰值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流的电流值。
  33. 如权利要求31所述的移动终端，其特征在于，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电流的起始波形的均值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电流的电流值。
  34. 如权利要求31-33中任一项所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述快速充电的过程包括降流过程，在所述降流过程中，所述输出电流的相邻波形中的后一波形的峰值小于所述相邻波形中的前一波形的峰值。
  35. 如权利要求31-33中任一项所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述快速充电的过程包括降流过程，所述降流过程被划分成多个阶段，所述多个阶段包括相邻的第一阶段和第二阶段，所述第一阶段早于所述第二阶段，所述输出电流的波形在所述多个阶段中的每个阶段内部保持不变，所述输出电流在所述第二阶段的波形的峰值小于所述输出电流在所述第一阶段的波形的峰值。
  36. 如权利要求31-35中任一项所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述通信控制电路还用于在确定使用快速充电模式为所述电池充电的情况下，与所述适配器进行通信，以确定所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压；接收所述适配器的单向脉动的输出电压，对所述电池进行快速充电，其中，所述单向脉动的输出电压是所述适配器基于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压而确定的。
  37. 如权利要求36所述的移动终端，其特征在于，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电压的起始波形的峰值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压的电压值。
  38. 如权利要求36所述的移动终端，其特征在于，在所述快速充电的过程中，所述输出电压的起始波形的均值等于所述快速充电模式对应的充电电压的电压值。
  39. 如权利要求31-38中任一项所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述单向脉动的输出电流是所述适配器中的整流电路输出的、未经过滤波的电流。
  40. 如权利要求31-39中任一项所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述适配器的输出电流的脉动频率与交流供电电网同频。
PCT/CN2016/073679 2016-02-05 2016-02-05 充电方法、适配器和移动终端 WO2017133001A1 (zh)

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