TW201337443A - 浸沒曝光設備、浸沒曝光方法和元件製造方法 - Google Patents

浸沒曝光設備、浸沒曝光方法和元件製造方法 Download PDF

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TW201337443A
TW201337443A TW102115385A TW102115385A TW201337443A TW 201337443 A TW201337443 A TW 201337443A TW 102115385 A TW102115385 A TW 102115385A TW 102115385 A TW102115385 A TW 102115385A TW 201337443 A TW201337443 A TW 201337443A
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wafer
immersion
optical assembly
optical
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TWI486701B (zh
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麥克 比斯克 比納德
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尼康股份有限公司
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03FPHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/70Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/70691Handling of masks or workpieces
    • G03F7/70716Stages
    • G03F7/70725Stages control
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/027Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
    • H01L21/0271Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
    • H01L21/0273Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers characterised by the treatment of photoresist layers
    • H01L21/0274Photolithographic processes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03FPHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/70Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/70216Mask projection systems
    • G03F7/70341Details of immersion lithography aspects, e.g. exposure media or control of immersion liquid supply
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/027Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
    • H01L21/0271Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
    • H01L21/0273Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers characterised by the treatment of photoresist layers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03BAPPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B27/00Photographic printing apparatus
    • G03B27/32Projection printing apparatus, e.g. enlarger, copying camera
    • G03B27/52Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03FPHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/20Exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03FPHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/20Exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/2002Exposure; Apparatus therefor with visible light or UV light, through an original having an opaque pattern on a transparent support, e.g. film printing, projection printing; by reflection of visible or UV light from an original such as a printed image
    • G03F7/2012Exposure; Apparatus therefor with visible light or UV light, through an original having an opaque pattern on a transparent support, e.g. film printing, projection printing; by reflection of visible or UV light from an original such as a printed image using liquid photohardening compositions, e.g. for the production of reliefs such as flexographic plates or stamps
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03FPHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/20Exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/2041Exposure; Apparatus therefor in the presence of a fluid, e.g. immersion; using fluid cooling means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03FPHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/20Exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/2051Exposure without an original mask, e.g. using a programmed deflection of a point source, by scanning, by drawing with a light beam, using an addressed light or corpuscular source
    • G03F7/2053Exposure without an original mask, e.g. using a programmed deflection of a point source, by scanning, by drawing with a light beam, using an addressed light or corpuscular source using a laser
    • G03F7/2055Exposure without an original mask, e.g. using a programmed deflection of a point source, by scanning, by drawing with a light beam, using an addressed light or corpuscular source using a laser for the production of printing plates; Exposure of liquid photohardening compositions
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03FPHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/20Exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/2051Exposure without an original mask, e.g. using a programmed deflection of a point source, by scanning, by drawing with a light beam, using an addressed light or corpuscular source
    • G03F7/2059Exposure without an original mask, e.g. using a programmed deflection of a point source, by scanning, by drawing with a light beam, using an addressed light or corpuscular source using a scanning corpuscular radiation beam, e.g. an electron beam
    • G03F7/2063Exposure without an original mask, e.g. using a programmed deflection of a point source, by scanning, by drawing with a light beam, using an addressed light or corpuscular source using a scanning corpuscular radiation beam, e.g. an electron beam for the production of exposure masks or reticles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03FPHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/26Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/30Imagewise removal using liquid means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03FPHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/70Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/70691Handling of masks or workpieces
    • G03F7/70716Stages
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03FPHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/70Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/70691Handling of masks or workpieces
    • G03F7/70733Handling masks and workpieces, e.g. exchange of workpiece or mask, transport of workpiece or mask
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03FPHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/70Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/708Construction of apparatus, e.g. environment aspects, hygiene aspects or materials
    • G03F7/70808Construction details, e.g. housing, load-lock, seals or windows for passing light in or out of apparatus
    • G03F7/70833Mounting of optical systems, e.g. mounting of illumination system, projection system or stage systems on base-plate or ground

Abstract

一種在浸沒式微影機(10)中之工件(208)的交換期間、將浸沒流體(212)維持於鄰近投影透鏡(16)之間隙中的裝置和方法係被揭示。該裝置和方法係包含一個被構型以將一影像投射在一工件(208)上的光學組件(16),以及一個包含一工件桌台(204)的平台組件(202),該工件桌台(204)係被構型以支承工件(208)為鄰近於光學組件(16)。一個環境系統(26)係被提供以將一浸沒流體(212)提供至以及移離一個介於光學組件(16)與平台組件(202)上之工件(208)間的間隙處。在工件(208)的曝光完成之時,一個交換系統(216)係將工件(208)移離並更換以一第二工件。一浸沒流體容納系統(214)係被提供以於第一工件(208)之移除以及第二工件之更換期間將浸沒流體(212)維持於間隙中。

Description

浸沒曝光設備、浸沒曝光方法和元件製造方法
本申請案係要求2003年4月11日已提出申請之美國臨時申請案第60/462,499號「用於浸沒式微影術之置放墊」的優先權,其內容係為了所有目的而在此合併作為參考。
微影系統係被普遍使用以於半導體製程期間將一影像從一光罩處傳送至一半導體晶圓上。一種典型的微影系統係包含一個光學組件、一個用於保持住界定出一圖樣之光罩的光罩平台、一個用於定位一半導體晶圓之晶圓平台組件、以及一個用以精確地監視光罩及晶圓之位置的量測系統。在操作期間,一個藉由光罩所界定的影像係藉由光學組件而被投射在晶圓上。被投射的影像係典型地為在晶圓上之一或多個晶粒的尺寸。在曝光之後,晶圓平台組件係會使晶圓移動,並且另一次曝光係會施行。此一程序係被重複施行,直到在晶圓上的所有晶粒(dice)均被曝光為止。晶圓接著係被移去,並且一個新的晶圓係被更換在其適切位置中。
浸沒式微影系統係利用一浸沒流體層,其在晶圓之曝光期間係會完全地充滿在一個介於光學組件與晶圓之間的間隙中。浸沒流體的光學性質以及光學組件係容許較目前所可能施行者為小的特徵尺寸能夠使用標準光學微影術而被投射。舉例而言,浸沒式微影術目前係被認為是包含65微米、 45微米及更小之下一代的半導體技術。因此,浸沒式微影術係代表了一種顯著的技術突破,其在可預見的將來將可能會使得光學微影之連續使用成為可能。
在一晶圓係被曝光之後,其係會被移開,並且以一個新的晶圓來加以更換。如同目前在浸沒式系統中可為吾人所預期者,浸沒流體將會從間隙處被移開,並接著在晶圓被更換後被再次充滿。更特別的是,當一晶圓將被進行更換之時,對於間隙之流體供應係會被關閉,流體係會從間隙處移開(亦即,藉由真空),舊的晶圓係被移開,一個新的晶圓係被對準並被置放在光學組件下,並接著間隙係被重新充滿以新的浸沒流體。一但所有的上述步驟係被完成之時,新的晶圓之曝光係可以被開始施行。
在上述浸沒式微影術中的晶圓更換係因許多理由而為有問題者。間隙之重複充滿及排放係可能會導致浸沒流體的變化,並且可能會導致泡泡形成在浸沒流體內。泡泡以及非穩定流體係可能會干擾在光罩上的影像之投影在晶圓上,從而降低了良率。整體程序亦涉及許多步驟,並且係為耗時者,而此係會降低機器的整體產量。
一種在晶圓平台移動離開投影透鏡時,例如是在晶圓交換期間,用於維持浸沒流體於鄰近投影透鏡之間隙中的設備及方法係因此為吾人所需求者。
一種在浸沒式微影機中維持浸沒流體於鄰近投影透鏡之間隙中的設備和方法係被揭示。該裝置和方法係包含一個被構型以將一影像投射在一工件上的光學組件,以及一個包含一工件桌台的平台組件,該工件桌台係被構型以支承工件為鄰近於光學組件。一個環境系統係被提供以供應一浸沒流體以及使浸沒流體從間隙處移開。在工件的曝光完成之後,一個交換系統係將工件移離並更換以一第二工件。一浸沒流體系統係被提供,用以在 工件桌台移離投影透鏡之時將浸沒流體維持於間隙中。因此,間隙在第一工件被一第二工件所更換之時係不會被重新充滿浸沒流體。
10‧‧‧微影機
12‧‧‧框架
14‧‧‧照明系統/照射設備
16‧‧‧光學組件
18‧‧‧光罩平台組件
20‧‧‧工件平台組件
22‧‧‧量測系統
24‧‧‧控制系統
26‧‧‧流體環境系統
28‧‧‧光罩
30‧‧‧半導體晶圓
32‧‧‧裝設用基座
34‧‧‧照明來源
36‧‧‧照明光學組件
38‧‧‧光罩平台
40‧‧‧光罩平台移動組件
42‧‧‧平台
44‧‧‧工件平台移動組件
WS1‧‧‧晶圓平台
WS2‧‧‧晶圓平台
200‧‧‧微影機
202‧‧‧平台組件
204‧‧‧晶圓桌台
206‧‧‧晶圓平台
208‧‧‧晶圓
212‧‧‧浸沒流體
214‧‧‧浸沒流體容納系統
216‧‧‧工件交換系統
218‧‧‧晶圓裝填器
220‧‧‧對準工具
222‧‧‧墊子
224‧‧‧支承元件
300‧‧‧微影機
302‧‧‧平台組件
304‧‧‧晶圓桌台
306‧‧‧晶圓平台
308‧‧‧晶圓
312‧‧‧浸沒流體
316‧‧‧工件交換系統
318‧‧‧晶圓裝填器
320‧‧‧對準工具
322‧‧‧馬達
324‧‧‧浸沒流體容納系統
326‧‧‧墊子
328‧‧‧馬達
330‧‧‧控制系統
400‧‧‧微影機
402‧‧‧平台組件
404‧‧‧晶圓桌台
406‧‧‧晶圓平台
408‧‧‧晶圓
412‧‧‧浸沒流體
416‧‧‧工件交換系統
418‧‧‧晶圓裝填器
420‧‧‧對準工具
424‧‧‧浸沒流體容納系統
426‧‧‧墊子
428‧‧‧第一夾鉗
430‧‧‧第二夾鉗
502‧‧‧馬達
504‧‧‧馬達
600‧‧‧浸沒式微影機
602‧‧‧馬達
604‧‧‧第一平台
606‧‧‧第二平台
第一圖係為具有本發明特點之微影機的說明圖;第二圖係為根據本發明一實施例之浸沒式微影機的剖面圖;第三A圖以及第三B圖係為根據本發明另一實施例之浸沒式微影機的剖面圖及俯視圖;第四A圖以及第四B圖係為根據本發明另一實施例之浸沒式微影機的剖面圖及俯視圖;第五A圖以及第五B圖係為根據本發明其他實施例的兩個不同雙晶圓平台的俯視圖;第六A圖係為根據本發明另一實施例之一雙平台微影機的俯視圖;第六B圖至第六E圖係為說明根據本發明之一晶圓交換的一系列圖示;第七A圖係為一流程圖,其係概述了根據本發明以製造一工件的程序;以及第七B圖係為一流程圖,其係更詳細地描述了工件製程。在圖式中相似的元件符號係標示相似的部件。
第一圖係為具有本發明特點之微影機10的示意說明圖。微影機10係包含一個框架12、一個照明系統14(照射設備)、一個光學組件16、一個光罩平台組件18、一個工件平台組件20、一個量測系統22、一個控制系統24、以及一個流體環境系統26。微影機10之諸部件的設計係可以被改變以符合微影機10的設計需求。
在一個實施例之中,該微影機10係被使用以將一積體電路的圖樣(圖中未顯示)從一光罩28處傳送至一半導體晶圓30(以虛線所說明)上。微影機10係裝設至一裝設用基座32,例如是地面、一基座、或是地板或其他支承結構。
在本發明的不同實施例之中,該微影機10係可以被使用作為一掃描類型的微影系統,其係經由光罩28及晶圓30為同時移動的方式而使圖樣從光罩28處被曝光至晶圓30上。在一掃描類型的微影機中,光罩28係藉由光罩平台組件18而被移動成垂直於光學組件16之光學軸線,而晶圓30係藉由晶圓平台組件20而被移動成垂直於光學組件16之光學軸線。光罩28以及晶圓30的掃描係發生在光罩28及晶圓30被同時移動之時。
亦或是,微影機10係可以為一步驟及重複(step-and-repeat)類型的微影系統,其係對光罩28施行曝光而在此時光罩28及晶圓30為靜止者。在步驟及重複的程序中,晶圓30在一個別區域的曝光期間係為處在一個相對於光罩28及光學組件16的恆定位置中。隨後,介於連續曝光步驟之間,晶圓30係被連續地移動而晶圓平台組件20為垂直於光學組件16的光學軸線,以使得晶圓30的下一個區域能夠被帶入相對於光學組件16及光罩28的適切位置中以施行曝光。在此程序之後,在光罩28上的影像係被相繼地曝光在晶圓30的諸區域上,並接著晶圓30的下一個區域係被帶入相對於光學組件16及光罩28的適切位置中。
然而,在本文中所提供之微影機10的使用並非被必要地限制在用於半導體製造的微影術。舉例而言,微影機10係可以被使用作為一種將一液晶顯示裝置工件圖樣曝光在一矩形玻璃板件上的LCD微影系統,或是一種用於製造薄膜磁頭的微影系統。據此,「工件」一辭係大體上被使用在本文中以指出可以使用微影術而被施予圖樣的任何裝置,例如是但非限於晶 圓或LCD基板。
設備框架12係支承著微影機10的諸部件。在第一圖中所說明的設備框架12係將光罩平台組件18、工件平台組件20、光學組件16、以及照明系統14支承於裝設用基座32上方。
照明系統14係包含一照明來源34以及一個照明光學組件36。照明來源34係發出光能量之一光束(照射irradiation)。照明光學組件36係引導來自照明來源34之光能量光束至光學組件16。光束係選擇性地照亮光罩28之不同部分,並使晶圓30曝光。在第一圖中,照明來源34係被說明為被支承在光罩平台組件18上方。然而典型的情況是,照明來源34係被固定至設備框架12的一側邊,並且來自照明來源34的能量光束係經由照明光學組件36而被引導至光罩平台組件18上方。
照明來源34係可以為一g-line源(436nm)、i-line源(365nm)、KrF準分子雷射(248nm)、ArF準分子雷射(193nm)或是F2雷射(157nm)。抑或,照明來源34係可以產生帶電X光。
光學組件16係將通過光罩28的光線投影以及/或者聚焦至晶圓30。取決於微影機10的設計而定,光學組件16係可以放大或縮小被照射在光罩28上的影像。光學組件16並不需要被限制為一縮小系統。其亦可以為單倍或更高倍的放大系統。
同樣地,經由利用波長為200nm或更小之真空紫外線照射(VUV)來對工件進行曝光,反射折射類型的光學系統係可為吾人所考慮。反射折射類型之光學系統的示例係包含為公開專利申請於公報上之日本專利申請第8-171054所揭示者及其相應案美國專利第5,668,672號,以及日本專利申請第10-20195號所揭示者及其相應案美國專利第5,835,275號。在這些示例之中,反射的光學工件係可以為一個合併有一分光鏡及一凹面鏡的反射折射類型光學系統。為公開專利申請於公報上之日本專利申請第8-334695所揭 示者及其相應案美國專利第5,689,377號,以及日本專利申請第10-3039號所揭示者及其相應案美國專利申請第873,605號(申請日97年6月12日)亦使用了一個合併有一凹面鏡等但不帶有一分光鏡之反射-折射類型光學系統,並且亦可以與本發明一起使用。若被允許,在前述美國專利案以及為公開專利申請於公報中之日本專利申請案中所揭示者係在此合併為本案之參考。
光罩平台組件18係保持住光罩28並使之相對於光學組件16及晶圓30而定位。在一個實施例之中,光罩平台組件18係包含一個保持有光罩28之光罩平台38以及一個使光罩平台38及光罩28移動及定位的光罩平台移動組件40。
每一個光罩平台移動組件40、44係可以移動個別的平台38、42於三個自由度、小於三個自由度、或是大於三個自由度。舉例而言,在另一實施例之中,每一個光罩平台移動組件40、44係可以移動個別平台38、42於一個、兩個、三個、四個、五個、或是六個自由度。光罩平台移動組件40以及工件平台移動組件44係可以分別包含一或多個移動器,例如是旋轉馬達、音圈馬達、利用Lorentz作用力以產生驅動作用力的線性馬達、電磁馬達、平面馬達、或是某些其他作用力移動器。
在微影系統中,當線性馬達(參見美國專利第5,623,853號、或第5,528,118號,且其係在此合併作為參考)係被使用於晶圓平台組件或是光罩平台組件,線性馬達係可以為利用空氣軸承之一空氣升力類型或是利用Lorentz作用力或反作用力之磁性升力類型。另外,平台係可以移動沿著一軌道,或者其係可以為不使用軌道之一無軌道類型的平台。
抑或,一個平台係可以藉由一平面馬達所驅動,其係藉由一個具有二維配置磁鐵的磁鐵單元以及一個具有二維配置線圈於相向位置中的電樞線圈單元所產生的一電磁作用力來驅動平台。經由此一類型的驅動系統,磁 鐵單元或是電樞線圈單元係被連接至平台基座,而另一單元則係被裝設在平台的移動平面側邊上。
平台如上所述的移動係會產生反作用力,其係可能會影響微影系統的效能。藉由晶圓(基板)平台運動所產生的反作用力係可能會藉由一框架元件之使用而被機械性地傳送至地板(地面),如同在美國專利第5,528,100號以及已公開的日本專利申請第8-136475號之揭示內容中所描述者。另外,藉由光罩(遮罩)平台運動所產生的反作用力係可能會藉由一框架元件之使用而被機械性地傳送至地板(地面),如同在美國專利第5,874,820號以及已公開的日本專利申請第8-330224號之揭示內容中所描述者。若被允許,在美國專利第5,528,100號以及第5,874,820號案以及日本專利申請第8-136475號中所揭示者係在此合併為本案之參考。
量測系統22係監視光罩28及晶圓30所相對於光學組件16或某些其他參考物的移動。經由此一資訊,控制系統24係可以控制光罩平台組件18以精確地定位光罩28,並且可以控制工件平台組件20以精確地定位晶圓。量測系統22的設計係可以改變。舉例而言,量測系統22係可以利用多個雷射干涉計、編碼器、鏡子、以及/或者其他量測裝置。
控制系統24係接收來自量測系統22的資訊,並且控制平台移動器組件18、20,用以精確地定位光罩28及晶圓30。另外,控制系統24係可以控制環境系統26之諸部件的操作。控制系統24係可以包含一個或多個處理器及電路。
環境系統26係控制在介於光學組件16與晶圓30間之一間隙(在圖示中並未被顯示出來)中的環境。間隙係包含一影像場(imaging field)。影像場係包含鄰近於晶圓被曝光之範圍的區域以及光能量所行進介於光學組件16與晶圓30間的區域。經由此一設計,環境系統26係可以控制在影像場中的環境。藉由環境系統26所創造以及/或者控制在間隙中的 所希求環境係可以依據晶圓30以及微影機10之包含照明系統14之剩餘部件的設計而被加以改變。舉例而言,所希求知受控環境係可以為例如是水的流體。抑或,所希求知受控環境係可以為例如是一氣體之其他類型的流體。在不同的實施例之中,所介於晶圓30之頂部表面與光學組件16之最後光學元件間之間隙的高度係可以為從0.1毫米至10毫米。
在一個實施例之中,環境系統26係以一浸沒流體充滿影像場以及間隙的剩餘部分。環境系統26以及環境系統26之諸部件的設計係可加以改變。在不同的實施例之中,環境系統26係使用噴灑噴嘴、電氣動能式海綿、多孔材料等而將浸沒流體遞送以及/或者注入至間隙之中,並且使用真空泵、海綿、以及類似物而將流體從間隙處移去。環境系統26的設計係可加以改變。舉例而言,其係可以在處於或接近於間隙的一或多個位置處將浸沒流體注入。再者,浸沒流體系統係可以幫助在處於或接近於工件30、間隙、以及/或者光學組件16之邊緣處的一或多個位置處移去以及/或者清除浸沒流體。就不同環境系統的額外細節言,請參照2003年4月9日所提出申請之美國臨時專利申請案第60/462,142號「浸沒微影流體控制系統」、2003年4月10日所提出申請之美國臨時專利申請案第60/462,112號「用於浸沒式微影術之真空環系統及芯環系統」、2003年9月3日所提出申請之美國臨時專利申請案第60/500,312號「經由多孔材料之無噪音流體重獲」、以及2004年2月2日所提出申請之美國臨時專利申請案第60/541,329號「用於浸沒式微影術之噴嘴設計」,此等專利申請案係在此合併作為本案的參考。
參照第二圖,說明本發明一實施例之一微影機的截面圖係被顯示出來。微影機200係包含一光學組件16以及一平台組件202,平台組件202係包含一個晶圓桌台204以及一個晶圓平台206。晶圓桌台204係被構型以支承一個晶圓208(或是任何其他類型的工件)於光 學組件16之下。一個環繞著光學組件16的環境系統26係被使用以供應浸沒流體212至介於晶圓208與光學組件16之最後光學部件間之間隙並使浸沒流體212從該處移去。一個包含一晶圓裝填器218(例如是一機械臂)及一對準工具220(亦即一顯微鏡及CCD相機)的工件交換系統216係被構型以將晶圓桌台204上的晶圓208移去並替換以一第二晶圓。此係典型地使用晶圓裝載器218以使晶圓208抬升並移離晶圓桌台204處所完成。隨後,第二晶圓(在圖示中並未被顯示出來)係被置放在晶圓夾盤218上、使用對準工具220以進行對準、並接著被定位在光學組件16下方而位在晶圓桌台204上。
經由此一實施例,晶圓平台204係包含一浸沒流體容納系統214,其係被構型以於晶圓交換期間維持浸沒流體212在鄰近於光學組件16之最後光學部件的間隙中。浸沒流體容納系統214係包含一個鄰近於晶圓桌台204的墊子222。一個被提供在介於墊子222與晶圓平台206之間的支承元件224係被使用以支承該墊子222。晶圓桌台204係具有一個平坦的上方表面,其係與晶圓208之一表面呈共平面。墊子222亦具有一個平坦的上方表面,其係與晶圓桌台204的上方表面以及晶圓表面呈共平面。墊子222係被配置為鄰近於晶圓桌台204而與其相距一非常小的間隙(例如是0.1-1.0毫米),如此浸沒流體212係可移動介於晶圓桌台204與墊子222之間而不會有洩漏。在晶圓交換期間,晶圓平台206係被移動在箭頭226的方向上,如此墊子222係被定位在光學組件16下來代替晶圓桌台204,而將流體維持在間隙中或維持流體間隙的大小。在新的晶圓已被對準之後,晶圓平台係被移回至其初始位置,如此墊子222在第二晶圓被定位在光學組件16下之時係可以從間隙處被移去。在不同實施例之中,墊子222係被連續地安置成鄰近於晶圓桌台204而於其間不帶有間隙。晶圓桌台204的垂 直位置以及/或者傾斜係可以被加以調整,如此晶圓桌台表面在晶圓桌台204被移離光學組件16下方前係能夠與墊子表面呈共平面。維持介於墊子222與光學組件16間的間隙並未被限制僅於一晶圓交換操作。墊子222係可以為夠大以於一對準操作或一量測操作期間將浸沒流體212維持在介於墊子222與光學組件16間的空間中。在這些操作中,被浸沒流體212所佔據的一部份區域係可以為在晶圓桌台204的上方表面上。
參照第三A圖以及第三B圖,根據本發明另一實施例之另一微影機的截面圖及俯視圖係被顯示出來。微影機300係包含一個光學組件16以及一個平台組件302,該平台組件302係包含一個晶圓桌台304以及一個晶圓平台306。晶圓桌台304係被構型以支承一個晶圓308(或是任何其他類型的工件)於光學組件16之下。一個環繞著光學組件16的環境系統26係被使用以供應浸沒流體312至介於晶圓308與光學組件16之最下方光學部件間之間隙並使浸沒流體312從該處移去。一個包含一晶圓裝填器318及一對準工具320的工件交換系統316係被構型以將晶圓桌台304上的晶圓308移去並替換以一第二晶圓。此係使用晶圓裝載器318以使晶圓308移離晶圓桌台處所完成。隨後,第二晶圓(在圖示中並未被顯示出來)係被置放在晶圓夾盤318上、使用對準工具320以進行對準、並接著被定位在光學組件16下方。如同在第三B圖中所最佳地說明者,一組馬達322係被使用以使包含晶圓桌台304及晶圓平台306的晶圓組件302在操作期間移動於二個自由度(X及Y)。如同上文中所提及者,馬達322係可以為任何類型的馬達,例如是線性馬達、旋轉馬達、音圈馬達等。
浸沒微影機300亦包含一浸沒流體容納系統324,其係被構型以於晶圓桌台304為遠離光學組件下方之時維持浸沒流體312在光學組 件16下的空間中。浸沒流體容納系統214係包含一個墊子326、一個馬達328、以及一個控制系統330。墊子326係可以被定位為鄰近於光學組件16以及晶圓桌台304。晶圓桌台304係具有一個平坦的上方表面,其係與晶圓308之一表面呈共平面。墊子326係具有一個平坦的上方表面,其係與晶圓桌台304的上方表面以及晶圓表面呈共平面。墊子326係可使用馬達328而移動於X及Y方向上,而馬達328係藉由控制系統330所控制。馬達328係如同馬達322而可以為任何類型的馬達。當晶圓桌台304(晶圓平台306)係遠離光學組件16下方之時,墊子326係被定位在光學組件16下方。在晶圓交換期間,晶圓桌台304係移動遠離光學組件16。而在同時,控制系統330係指示馬達328以移動墊子326於光學組件16下方、使晶圓桌台304回到原位。墊子326係從而使浸沒流體312保持在光學組件16下方的間隙內。在新的晶圓係已使用對準工具320而被對準之後,晶圓桌台304係被重新定位在光學組件16下方。在同時,控制系統330係指示馬達328以使墊子326從間隙處縮回,而防止浸沒流體312的流出。在晶圓交換操作中,控制系統330係移動晶圓桌台304及墊子326而於晶圓桌台304及墊子326間有一小間隙,而在同時在光學組件16下的浸沒流體312係移動介於晶圓桌台304與墊子326之間。浸沒流體保持系統324係從而在晶圓交換期間將浸沒流體312維持於間隙中。在此一實施例之中,晶圓桌台304(晶圓平台306)以及墊子326係可獨立移動者。因此,晶圓桌台304係可自由地移動,而在同時浸沒流體312係被保持在介於墊子326與光學組件16間的空間中。在本發明的不同實施例之中,控制系統330係可以為一個獨立的控制系統,或者其係可以被整合至被使用以控制用於定位晶圓平台306及晶圓桌台304之馬達322的控制系統中。晶圓桌台304 以及墊子326之至少一個的垂直位置以及/或者傾斜係可以被加以調整,如此晶圓桌台表面在晶圓桌台被移離光學組件16下方前係能夠與墊子表面呈共平面。晶圓桌台304遠離光學組件16的操作並不需要被限制於晶圓交換操作。舉例而言,一個對準操作、一量測操作、或是其他操作係可以被施行,而在同時維持浸沒流體312於介於墊子326與光學組件16間的空間中。
參照第四A圖以及第四B圖,一浸沒微影機的兩個截面圖係被顯示出來。微影機400係包含一個光學組件16以及一個平台組件402,該平台組件402係包含一個晶圓桌台404以及一個晶圓平台406。晶圓桌台404係被構型以支承一個晶圓408(或是任何其他類型的工件)於光學組件16之下。一個環繞著光學組件16的環境系統26係被使用以供應浸沒流體412至介於晶圓408與光學組件16之最下方光學部件間之間隙並使浸沒流體412從該處移去。一個包含一晶圓裝填器418及一對準工具420的工件交換系統416係被構型以將晶圓桌台404上的晶圓408移去並替換以一第二晶圓。此係使用晶圓裝載器418以使晶圓408移離晶圓桌台404處所完成。隨後,第二晶圓(在圖示中並未被顯示出來)係被置放在晶圓夾盤418上、使用對準工具420以進行對準、並接著被定位在光學組件16下,如同在第四A圖中所說明者。
浸沒微影機400
亦包含一浸沒流體容納系統424,其係被構型以於晶圓桌台404為遠離光學組件下方之時維持浸沒流體412在光學組件16下的空間中。浸沒流體容納系統424係包含一個墊子426、一個被提供在光學組件16上的第一夾鉗428、以及一個被提供在晶圓桌台404上的第二夾鉗430。當浸沒流體412係為介於光學組件16與晶圓桌台40 4(或晶圓408)間之時,墊子426係藉由第二夾鉗430而被保持在晶圓桌台404上的適切位置中。當晶圓桌台404係遠離光學組件16之時,例如是在一晶圓交換操作期間,墊子426係從晶圓桌台404處脫離,並且藉由第一夾鉗428所保持住,用以維持浸沒流體412於光學組件16與墊子426之間。晶圓桌台404係具有一個平坦的上方表面,其係與晶圓408之一表面呈共平面。被保持在晶圓桌台404上的墊子426亦具有一個平坦的上方表面,其係與晶圓桌台404的上方表面以及晶圓表面呈共平面。因此,浸沒墊子426以及晶圓408係可以被移動在光學組件下而不會有浸沒流體洩漏。在不同的實施例之中,夾鉗428及430係可以為真空夾鉗、磁式、電靜式、或機械式者。
如同在第四A圖中所最佳說明者,墊子426在晶圓408的曝光期間係被定位在晶圓桌台404上。第二夾鉗430係被使用以於晶圓曝光期間將墊子426保持在桌台404上的適切位置中。在如同第四B圖中所說明之晶圓交換期間,晶圓桌台404係被移動於箭頭432的方向上,如此墊子426係被定位在光學組件16下來代替晶圓408。當此發生之時,將墊子426保持至晶圓桌台404的第二夾鉗430係被釋放,而在同時第一夾鉗428係將墊子426夾至光學組件16。因此,浸沒流體412在晶圓被交換之時係被保持在光學組件之下。在新的晶圓已被對準之後,晶圓桌台404係被移動在相反於箭頭432的方向上,如此新的晶圓係可以被定位在光學組件之下。在此動作之前,第一夾鉗428係被釋放,而在同時第二夾鉗430係再次將墊子426夾至晶圓桌台404。在此一實施例之中,晶圓桌台404係可自由地移動,而墊子426係被第一夾鉗428所夾住。
在不同的實施例之中,墊子426被第一夾鉗428所夾住的操作並未被限制僅於一晶圓交換操作。一對準操作、一量測操作、或是任何其他 操作係可以被施行而在同時浸沒流體412被維持在介於光學組件16與被第一夾鉗428所夾住之墊子426之間的空間中。同樣地,夾鉗428係可以被提供在框架12或是其他支承元件上,並且夾鉗430係可以被提供在晶圓平台406上。墊子426係可以被保持在一個非為平台組件402的可移動元件上。
第五A圖以及第五B圖係為根據本發明其他實施例的兩個不同雙平台浸沒微影系統的俯視圖。就雙平台微影系統的基本結構與操作言,參見美國專利第6,262,796號以及美國專利第6,341,007號。若被允許,在美國專利第6,262,796號以及美國專利第6,341,007號所揭示者係在此合併為本案之參考。在二實施例之中,一對晶圓平台WS1以及WS2係被顯示出來。馬達502係被使用以移動或定位二平台WS1及WS2於水平方向上,而馬達504係被使用以移動或定位二平台WS1及WS2於垂直方向上。馬達502及504係被使用以交替地定位一個平台於光學組件16下,而在同時一晶圓交換及對準係被施行於另一平台上。當位在光學組件16下之晶圓的曝光係完成之時,二平台係接著會被交換,並且上述程序係被重複施行。經由任一構型,本發明如同上文中參照第二圖至第四圖所描述及說明所用於維持浸沒流體於光學組件16下之間隙中的不同實施例係可以與任一雙平台配置一起使用。舉例而言,關於第二圖的實施例,第五A圖或第五B圖之每一晶圓平台SW1及SW2係可以被修改以包含一個墊子222及一個支承元件224。關於第三圖之實施例,一個單一墊子326、馬達328、以及控制系統330係可以被使用為鄰近於光學組件16。墊子326係可從平台SW1及SW2處獨立地移動。在平台SW1及SW2被交換之期間,墊子326係被移動至光學組件16之下,用以將浸沒流體312維持在光學組件16之下。最後,經由第四圖之實施例,一個可分離的單一墊子係可以被使用。在平台SW1及SW2被交換之期間,墊子426係被使用以 將浸沒流體維持在間隙中,如同在第四B圖中所說明者。在另一方面,在曝光期間,墊子係被夾至將被施行曝光之光學平台上的晶圓桌台之上。以此方式,僅有一個單一墊子係為吾人所需要用於兩個平台WS1及WS2。或者,如同將於下文中所描述者,第二平台亦可以被使用作為墊子。
參照第六A圖,一個說明施行本發明之一實施例的雙平台微影機的俯視圖係被顯示出來。在此一實施例之中,浸沒式微影機600係包含第一平台604以及第二平台606。兩個平台係藉由馬達602而被移動在X及Y方向上。在此一實施例之中,平台604及606本身係被使用以將浸沒流體控制在間隙中。舉例而言,如同在圖示中所顯示者,第一平台604係被定位在光學組件16之下。當工件將被進行交換的時機到來之時,馬達602係被使用以將帶有一第二工件的第二平台定位成鄰近於第一平台604。經由被定位為並置的兩個平台,其係大致上會形成一個連續的表面。馬達602係接著被使用以一致地移動二平台,如此第二平台604係被定位在光學組件16之下,並且第一平台係不再位於光學組件16之下。從而,當第一工件係被移離光學組件16之時,在間隙中的浸沒流體係藉由第二平台606而被維持,而第二平台係與第一平台形成大致上的連續表面。在不同的實施例之中,第二平台606亦可以為一個「墊子(pad)」平台,其係包含有一個被使用以在一個第二工件被置放在第一平台604之上之時、維持浸沒流體於間隙中的墊子。類似地,在第五A圖或第五B圖中所顯示的馬達配置係可以被使用。
參照第六B圖至第六E圖,說明根據本發明一實施例之工件交換的一系列圖示係被說明。第六B圖係顯示出在曝光已被完成後在平台604上之一晶圓。第六C圖係顯示出第二平台606在光學組件16下方與第一平台604相接觸(或是緊鄰)。第六D圖係顯示出發生有一轉換,亦即第二平台606係被定位在光學組件16之下。最後,在第六E圖中,第一 平台604係被移離光學組件16。如同在第六C圖以及第六D圖中所最佳說明者,兩個平台604及606係在一轉換期間提供了一個在光學組件16下方的連續表面,從而維持浸沒流體於間隙中。在所顯示的實施例之中,第二平台606係為一個墊子平台。然而,此一平台亦可以為一工件平台,如同在上文中已然提及者。
在上述不同實施例之中,墊子係可以為由許多不同材料所製成,例如是陶瓷、金屬塑膠。根據其他實施例,這些材料亦可以被塗敷以鐵弗龍(Teflon)。墊子的尺寸亦應足夠以覆蓋被浸沒流體所佔據的區域。在上述不同實施例之中,光學組件16之最後光學元件的表面係為恆定地處在浸沒流體環境下,而防止一流體標記(例如是一「水印(water mark)」)的形成。
半導體晶圓係可以使用上述系統而藉由大體上在第七圖中所顯示的程序被加以製造。在步驟701之中,工件的功能以及效能特徵係被加以設計。接下來,在步驟702之中,一個具有一圖樣之遮罩(光罩)係根據先前設計步驟而被設計,並且在一個平行的步驟703中,一個晶圓係從一矽材料被製成。在步驟704中,在步驟702中被設計之遮罩圖樣係藉由一個根據本發明而在上文中所描述的微影系統而被曝光在來自步驟703的晶圓上。在步驟705之中,半導體工件係被組裝(包含切割程序、打線程序、以及封裝程序),最後,工件接著係在步驟606中被加以檢查。
第七B圖係說明了上述步驟704在製造半導體工件之狀況中的一詳細流程示例。在第七B圖中,在步驟711(氧化步驟)中,晶圓表面係被氧化。在步驟712(CVD步驟)中,一個絕緣薄膜係被形成在晶圓表面上。在步驟713(電極形成步驟)中,電極係藉由蒸鍍而被形成在晶圓上。在步驟714(離子植入步驟)中,離子係被植入在晶圓中。上述步驟711-714係形成了在晶圓處理程序期間用於晶圓的預處理步 驟,並且每一步驟係根據處理需求而被加以選擇。
在晶圓處理的每一階段,當上述欲處理步驟係已被完成之時,以下的後處理步驟係被施行。在後處理程序期間,首先,在步驟715(光阻形成步驟)中,光阻係被塗敷至一晶圓。接下來,在步驟716(曝光步驟)中,上述曝光光間隙被使用以將一遮罩(光罩)的電路圖樣轉換至一晶圓。接下來,在步驟717(顯影步驟)中,已曝光的晶圓係被顯影,並且在步驟718(蝕刻步驟)中,除了殘餘光阻外的諸部分(已曝光之材料表面)係藉由蝕刻而被移去。在步驟719(光阻移除步驟)中,在蝕刻後所仍然維持有之不需要的光阻係被移去。
多個電路圖樣係藉由這些欲處理及後處理步驟的重複施行而被形成。雖然在本文中所顯示及揭示的特定微影機係完全能夠獲得及提供本文中先前提出的目的及優點,將為吾人所了解的是,其僅為本發明目前較佳實施例之一描述,且非意欲對本文中所顯示之建構及設計的細節為之限制,除非在隨附申請專利範圍中有所描述。
16‧‧‧光學組件
26‧‧‧流體環境系統
200‧‧‧微影機
202‧‧‧平台組件
204‧‧‧晶圓桌台
206‧‧‧晶圓平台
208‧‧‧晶圓
212‧‧‧浸沒流體
214‧‧‧浸沒流體容納系統
216‧‧‧工件交換系統
218‧‧‧晶圓裝填器
220‧‧‧對準工具
222‧‧‧墊子
224‧‧‧支承元件

Claims (20)

  1. 一種浸沒曝光設備,係透過光學組件和浸沒流體以曝光光束使基板曝光,包括:液浸構件,其係排列以圍繞該光學組件的部分以供應浸沒流體到該光學組件之下並且回收來自該光學組件之下的浸沒流體;第一和第二平台,其各者係配置以固持基板,且其各者係可定位在該光學組件之下;可移動構件,其可獨立地移動到該光學組件之下的位置,並且自該光學組件之下的位置遠離;驅動系統,其排列成驅動該第一平台、該第二平台和該可移動構件;以及控制系統,其控制該驅動系統,其中,在一製程中,該控制系統控制該驅動系統以排列該可移動構件去面對該光學組件,其中面對該光學組件排列的該第一和第二平台中的一者係與該第一和第二平台中的另一者取代以實質上保持浸沒流體在該光學組件之下,同時該第一和第二基板平台自該光學組件之下遠離。
  2. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之浸沒曝光設備,其中該第一或第二平台中的一個平台和該構件在從第一狀態轉變呈第二狀態中係可移動的,該第一狀態為浸沒流體保持在該光學組件和該一個平台之間的空間中的狀態,該第二狀態為浸沒流體保持在該光學組件和該構件之間的空間中的狀態,使得在轉變期間浸沒流體保持在該光學組件之下。
  3. 根據申請專利範圍第2項之浸沒曝光設備,其中該一個平台和該構件係排列以在轉變期間一致地移動。
  4. 根據申請專利範圍第2或3項之浸沒曝光設備,其中該一個平台的表面和該構件的表面在轉變中是共平面的。
  5. 根據申請專利範圍第2至4項中任一項之浸沒曝光設備,其中 在轉變之後,該構件保持在該光學組件之下,同時第一操作係在設置於該一個平台上的基板上執行。
  6. 根據申請專利範圍第5項之浸沒曝光設備,其中該第一操作包括基板交換操作、對準操作以及測量操作中之至少一個。
  7. 根據申請專利範圍第5或6項之浸沒曝光設備,其中在轉變之後,該構件保持在該光學組件之下,同時第二操作係在定位於該第一和第二平台中的另一個平台上的基板上執行。
  8. 根據申請專利範圍第7項之浸沒曝光設備,其中該第二操作包括基板交換操作、對準操作以及測量操作中之至少一個。
  9. 根據申請專利範圍第1至8項中任一項之浸沒曝光設備,其中該可移動構件包括墊平台,其實質上保持該浸沒流體在該光學組件之下。
  10. 一種元件製造方法,包含:使用申請專利範圍第1至9項中任一項之浸沒曝光設備使基板曝光的動作;以及使該曝光後基板顯影的動作。
  11. 一種浸沒曝光方法,係透過光學組件和浸沒流體以曝光光束使基板曝光,包括:將其上配置有基板的第一平台定位在該光學組件之下,使得浸沒流體保持在該光學組件和該基板之間的空間中;以第二平台取代在該光學組件之下的該第一平台,同時保持浸沒流體在該光學組件之下;其中可移動構件,其可獨立地移動到該光學組件之下的位置,並且自該光學組件之下的位置遠離,係在取代期間排列成面對該光學組件,致使 實質上保持浸沒流體在該光學組件之下,同時該第一和第二基板平台自該光學組件之下離開。
  12. 根據申請專利範圍第11項之浸沒曝光方法,其中該第一或第二平台中的一個平台和該構件在從第一狀態轉變呈第二狀態中移動,該第一狀態為浸沒流體保持在該光學組件和該各自的平台之間的空間中的狀態,該第二狀態為浸沒流體保持在該光學組件和該構件之間的空間中的狀態,使得在轉變期間浸沒流體保持在該光學組件之下。
  13. 根據申請專利範圍第12項之浸沒曝光方法,其中該一個平台和該構件在轉變期間一致地移動。
  14. 根據申請專利範圍第12或13項之浸沒曝光方法,其中在轉變之前,該一個平台的表面和該構件的表面是共平面的。
  15. 根據申請專利範圍第12至14項中任一項之浸沒曝光方法,其中在轉變之後,該構件保持在該光學組件之下,同時第一操作係在設置於該一個平台上的基板上執行。
  16. 根據申請專利範圍第15項之浸沒曝光方法,其中該第一操作包括基板交換操作、對準操作以及測量操作中之至少一個。
  17. 根據申請專利範圍第15或16項之浸沒曝光方法,其中在轉變之後,該構件保持在該光學組件之下,同時第二操作係在設置於該第一和第二平台中的另一個平台上的基板上執行。
  18. 根據申請專利範圍第17項之浸沒曝光方法,其中該第二操作包括基板交換操作、對準操作以及測量操作中之至少一個。
  19. 根據申請專利範圍第11至18項中任一項之浸沒曝光方法,其中 該可移動構件包括墊平台,其實質上保持該浸沒流體在該光學組件之下。
  20. 一種元件製造方法,包含:使用申請專利範圍第11至19項中任一項之浸沒曝光方法使基板曝光的動作;以及使該曝光後基板顯影的動作。
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