CN101184780B - β-葡聚糖和甘露聚糖的制备 - Google Patents

β-葡聚糖和甘露聚糖的制备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN101184780B
CN101184780B CN2006800150267A CN200680015026A CN101184780B CN 101184780 B CN101184780 B CN 101184780B CN 2006800150267 A CN2006800150267 A CN 2006800150267A CN 200680015026 A CN200680015026 A CN 200680015026A CN 101184780 B CN101184780 B CN 101184780B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
mannosans
rich
visose
yeast
component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN2006800150267A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN101184780A (zh
Inventor
J·J·塞德马克
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sensient Flavors LLC
Original Assignee
Sensient Flavors LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=36920048&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=CN101184780(B) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Sensient Flavors LLC filed Critical Sensient Flavors LLC
Publication of CN101184780A publication Critical patent/CN101184780A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN101184780B publication Critical patent/CN101184780B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
    • A61K36/062—Ascomycota
    • A61K36/064—Saccharomycetales, e.g. baker's yeast
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L29/20—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
    • A23L29/206—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of vegetable origin
    • A23L29/244—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of vegetable origin from corms, tubers or roots, e.g. glucomannan
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L29/20—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
    • A23L29/269—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of microbial origin, e.g. xanthan or dextran
    • A23L29/271—Curdlan; beta-1-3 glucan; Polysaccharides produced by agrobacterium or alcaligenes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/715—Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
    • A61K31/716—Glucans
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
    • A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
    • A61K8/9728—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
    • A61K8/99—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from microorganisms other than algae or fungi, e.g. protozoa or bacteria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A61P17/04—Antipruritics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/02—Nutrients, e.g. vitamins, minerals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/0006—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/0006—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid
    • C08B37/0024—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid beta-D-Glucans; (beta-1,3)-D-Glucans, e.g. paramylon, coriolan, sclerotan, pachyman, callose, scleroglucan, schizophyllan, laminaran, lentinan or curdlan; (beta-1,6)-D-Glucans, e.g. pustulan; (beta-1,4)-D-Glucans; (beta-1,3)(beta-1,4)-D-Glucans, e.g. lichenan; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/006—Heteroglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having more than one sugar residue in the main chain in either alternating or less regular sequence; Gellans; Succinoglycans; Arabinogalactans; Tragacanth or gum tragacanth or traganth from Astragalus; Gum Karaya from Sterculia urens; Gum Ghatti from Anogeissus latifolia; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/0087—Glucomannans or galactomannans; Tara or tara gum, i.e. D-mannose and D-galactose units, e.g. from Cesalpinia spinosa; Tamarind gum, i.e. D-galactose, D-glucose and D-xylose units, e.g. from Tamarindus indica; Gum Arabic, i.e. L-arabinose, L-rhamnose, D-galactose and D-glucuronic acid units, e.g. from Acacia Senegal or Acacia Seyal; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
    • C12P19/04—Polysaccharides, i.e. compounds containing more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic bonds

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了制备酵母β-葡聚糖和甘露聚糖制备物的方法。所述方法使用：自溶处理，然后用蛋白酶、葡聚糖酶或脂肪酶中的一种或多种进行酶处理。生产的制备物可用于食品增补剂、药品、化妆品、动物饲料和营养辅助品。

Description

β-葡聚糖和甘露聚糖的制备
交叉引用的相关申请
本申请要求于2005年5月5日递交的美国临时申请号60/677,973的优先权，通过引用将该申请的主题全文并入本文。
背景技术
本发明涉及β-葡聚糖/甘露聚糖制备物及其制备方法。具体而言，本发明涉及由微生物产生的制备物，包括β-(1，3/1，6)葡聚糖及甘露聚糖，所述微生物包括但不限于酵母。
“葡聚糖”是指主要或全部由D-葡萄糖构成的寡糖或多糖的通称。葡聚糖广泛地分布在自然界中，对于维持细菌、酵母及植物细胞的结构完整性尤其重要。举例来说，葡聚糖与其它多糖(例如甘露聚糖和几丁质)，共同决定着细胞壁的外形和机械强度。在这些细胞中葡聚糖通常占细胞壁重量的大约40％到50％。
作为D-葡萄糖的聚合物，D-葡萄糖单元可以通过各种方式连接在一起。例如，具有(1，3)、(1，4)、(1，6)和(1，2)键(糖苷键)的葡聚糖都是已知的。可能的键的多样化意味着葡聚糖通常是多支链化合物。在这种高度可变的方式下单个葡萄糖单体以及母体分子的所有立体形状都可以相连，结果是许多形式都是可能的。一种常见的葡聚糖是β-(1，3)-键连的吡喃葡萄糖(通常称为β-葡聚糖)。一些物种的细胞壁包含与β-(1，6)键连的吡喃葡萄糖偶联的β-(1，3)-键连的吡喃葡萄糖。例如，酿酒酵母(Saccharaomyces cerevisiae)的细胞壁主要是由β-键连的葡聚糖组成的，其主要是β-(1-3)-键连的葡萄糖单元构成的主链，而分子间和分子内的少量成分是通过β-(1-6)-键形成支链。
葡聚糖由于其化学特性而在化学、食品和制药工业中具有多种用途。例如，它们可以用作增稠剂(viscosity imparting agent)、乳化剂、纤维、膜、涂料、亲合层析法和凝胶电泳的支持物，可用于细胞培养基，用作滤板，和用于粘固剂。其还广泛地用作食品增稠剂和食用纤维的来源以及药品中的载体以及涂层剂。已经表明在人和动物体内葡聚糖具有免疫药理学活性。例如，已经显示在虾、鱼、家禽、猪、牛、兔、小鼠、大鼠和人中对致病微生物具有强烈的免疫刺激和保护作用。通过与Toll-样受体Dectin-1相互作用，酵母β-葡聚糖可以刺激脊椎动物和无脊椎动物的先天性(非特异性)免疫应答。这种结合刺激了巨噬细胞中活性氧种类的产生，增强它们的吞噬作用并杀死微生物。这些被刺激的免疫细胞还产生细胞因子(cytokin)，其能循环到动物全身并与其它免疫细胞相互作用以增强该动物的免疫状况。
来自酵母及其他生物体的β-葡聚糖的纯化已被广泛地研究，并且已知有多种方法。这些方法中大部分基于β-(1-3)-葡聚糖在碱或有机溶剂中的不可溶性。主要的已知方法是：(a)用浓氢氧化钠高温提取，然后用酸高温提取并用乙醇沉淀(参见，例如，Manners，D.J.等人，Biochem.J.13519-30(1973)，Jamas，S.等人，美国专利号4,810,646、5,028,703以及5,250,436)。这些方法中有许多需要预先匀浆化酵母细胞，还有许多需要多次重复各提取步骤；(b)用浓苯酚∶水(1∶1)提取由酵母自溶作用或酶降解而产生的酵母细胞壁制备物(参见，例如，Truscheit E.等人的美国专利号4,138,479)；以及(c)单独用或者在存在碱的情况下用有机溶剂(例如异丙醇、乙醇、丙酮或甲醇)提取(参见，例如欧洲专利申请号515216)。已知酸处理降低了葡聚糖材料中β-(1-6)-键的数目，从而增加了粘度。
甘露聚糖是一种由甘露糖单元组成的聚合物。在酵母中，甘露聚糖既与酵母细胞壁的外表面中的蛋白质相结合，作为muscigenous多糖，又与内细胞膜中的蛋白质相结合。通常其占细胞壁干重的大约20-50％。甘露聚糖与核心-肽链相连为寡聚物或聚合物。该复合物包含大约5-50％的蛋白质。寡聚甘露聚糖直接结合到丝氨酸和苏氨酸上，而聚合的甘露聚糖则通过N-乙酰葡糖胺结合到天冬酰胺上。在这种甘露糖-蛋白质复合物中，甘露糖单元是通过α-1，6、α-1，2和α-1，3-键相连的。
甘露聚糖-寡聚糖(MOS)能通过蛋白水解作用从酵母细胞壁中释放出来。释放出的MOS能有效地与肠道的细菌性病原体结合并妨碍其在肠道建群(colonize)的能力。例如，大肠杆菌(E.coli)、沙门氏菌(Salmonellaspp.)和霍乱弧菌(Vibrio cholera)在其表面具有特异性地结合到这种MOS甘露糖糖残基上的蛋白质(凝集素)。
考虑到葡聚糖的许多用途和应用，在本领域内显然需要有一种避免利用高浓度碱或酸和高温的提取β-葡聚糖/甘露聚糖的方法，这样才能提高葡聚糖和甘露聚糖的回收率，得到生物学有用的制备物。
附图说明
图1是本发明生产β-葡聚糖/甘露聚糖制备物的方法的一种实施方式的流程图。
图2是本发明生产β-葡聚糖/甘露聚糖制备物的方法的另一实施方式的流程图。
发明概述
一方面，本发明提供一种处理酵母细胞的方法，其使用以下步骤：使酵母细胞自溶以释放酵母细胞壁，用外源的蛋白酶温育该酵母细胞壁，将该酵母细胞壁分离成富含葡聚糖的组分和富含甘露聚糖的组分，并超滤富含甘露聚糖的组分，形成滤液和渗余物。
另一方面，本发明提供一种处理酵母细胞的方法，其使用以下步骤：使酵母细胞在40℃到65℃温度下自溶以释放酵母细胞壁，在pH 9到10用外源的蛋白酶温育该酵母细胞壁，并用酶(例如淀粉酶、脂肪酶或其组合)温育所述经蛋白酶处理过的细胞壁。
另一方面，本发明提供一种包含α-甘露聚糖的组合物，其中至少85％(w/w)的总α-甘露聚糖具有10,000Da或更高的分子量。
本发明的其它实施方式包括那些包含本发明方法制备的葡聚糖或甘露聚糖的动物饲料、食品增补剂、药品、化妆品以及营养辅助品(neutraceutical)。
发明简述
在一个实施方式中，本发明提供一种方法，其产生富含β(1，3)和β-(1，6)葡聚糖的不溶性细胞壁制备物以及富含甘露聚糖的可溶性部分。本发明的方法包括细胞壁来源(例如酵母，诸如啤酒酵母或面包酵母)的自溶步骤，继之以酶消化步骤。在一个方面，酶消化是使用一种高pH蛋白酶进行。在另一方面，酶消化是使用酶(例如，高pH蛋白酶、淀粉酶、葡糖淀粉酶和/或脂肪酶)的组合进行。在一个实施方式中，酶消化是使用一种高pH蛋白酶继之以一种或多种其它酶(例如，淀粉酶、葡糖淀粉酶和/或脂肪酶)进行。
在另一实施方式中，本发明提供一种富含β-(1，3)和β-(1，6)葡聚糖的细胞壁制备物，而在另一实施方式中，提供一种富含甘露聚糖的可溶组分。
结合详细的说明和附图，本发明的其它方面将变得清楚。
发明详述
在详细解释本发明的任何实施方式之前，应当理解本发明并非将其应用仅限制在下面说明书中列出或在附图中所呈现的组分的细节或组分的排列。本发明能够具备其它实施方式，并可以通过多种方式实施或进行。此外，还应当理解，本文所用措词和术语是用于说明目的，而不应该被认为是对于本发明的限制。本文中所用的“包括”、“包含”或“具有”及其变体意在包括其后所列的各项和其等同物以及补充项。
还应当理解，本文所述的任何数值范围包括从下限值到上限值的所有数值。例如，如果一种浓度范围陈述为1％到50％，其意指诸如2％到40％、10％到30％、或1％到3％等等的数值都已在该说明书中清楚地列举。这些仅仅是具体地意指的实例，列举的最低值和最高值之间的所有可能数值组合都被认为是在本申请中清楚地陈述了的。
除非另有陈述，说明书和权利要求所用的表达组分数量、反应条件等等的所有数字在一切情况下应被理解为被术语“约”修饰。因此，除非标明与此相反，在下面说明书和所附权利要求中所述的数字参数均为近似值，可依据本发明设法获得的期望特性而变化。最低限度，而不是试图将等同物的教条应用限制于权利要求的范围，各数字参数应该至少是按照报道的有效数字的数字，并通过应用普通四舍五入的方法(roundingtechniques)来解释。
尽管阐明本发明宽范围的数值范围和参数都是近似值，在特定实施例中所列的数值是尽可能精确的记录。但是，任何数值都自然地包含某些不可避免的误差，这些误差来自在其各自试验测定中得到的标准差。
β-葡聚糖/甘露聚糖制备物可，在微酸性的/接近中性的pH以及仅在适度升高的温度下使用简单的自溶方法从微生物(例如酵母)制备。自溶后是酶消化。在一个实施方式中，该酶促步骤使用通常约0.05％-1wt％的高pH蛋白酶(例如，获自Genencore International的Protex 6L或由发酵地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus lichenformis)获得)，在碱性pH和升高的温度下进行。
作为β-葡聚糖/甘露聚糖来源的适用酵母种包括，但不限于，酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)(包括面包酵母菌株以及啤酒酵母菌株)、脆壁克鲁维氏酵母(Kluyveromyces fragilis)的酵母菌株和假丝酵母属(Candida)菌株(例如产朊假丝酵母(Candida utilis))及其组合。其它的β-葡聚糖/甘露聚糖适宜来源的酵母菌株包括，但不限于，戴耳克氏糖酵母(Saccharomyces delbruekii)、罗茜糖酵母(Saccharomyces rosei)、Saccharomyces microellipsodes、卡尔斯伯糖酵母(Saccharomycescarlsbergensis)、粟酒裂殖糖酵母(Schizosaccharomyces pombe)、乳克鲁维氏酵母(Kluyveromyces lactis)、多孢克鲁维氏酵母(Kluyveromycespolysporus)、白色假丝酵母(Candida albicans)、阴沟假丝酵母(Candidacloacae)、热带假丝酵母(Candida tropicalis)、季也蒙氏假丝酵母(Candidaguilliermondii)、温奇氏汉逊氏酵母(Hansenula wingei)、Hansenula arni、亨利氏汉逊氏酵母(Hansenula henricii)、美洲汉逊氏酵母(HansenulaAmericana)及其组合。这些酵母菌株可通过分批发酵或者连续发酵培养在食品等级营养物中的培养物中进行制备。
许多其它种的微生物，包括但不限于，细菌、真菌及植物(例如单细胞藻类)，已在本领域被报道作为一种β-葡聚糖/甘露聚糖的来源。可用于本发明作为β-葡聚糖和/或甘露聚糖来源的其它微生物包括但不限于：细菌，例如产碱菌属(Alkaligenes)，特别是粪产碱菌混合基因变种(Alkaligenes faecalis Var.mixogenes)(ATCC-21680)，土壤杆菌属(agrobacterium)，纤维单胞菌属(Cellulomonas)，例如ATCC 21399及产黄纤维单胞菌(Cellulomonas flavigena)(ATCC 53703)，和盘多毛孢属(Pestalotia)；真菌，例如短柄霉属(Aureobasidum)，如出芽短柄霉(Aureobasidum pullulans)菌株IFO446及短柄霉属K-1种(FERMP1289)，蘑菇属(Agaricus)，香菇属(Lentinus)，平菇(Pleurotus ostreatus)，Macrophomopsis，如菌株KOB55；灵芝属(Ganoderma)，裂褶菌属(Schizophylla)，Fachyma hoelen，Pestahlia，革盖菌属(Coriolus)，及其组合。非微生物，如植物，也可用于本发明作为β-葡聚糖和/或甘露聚糖的来源。
具体地，本发明的方法涉及产生富含(1，3)-和β-(1，6)-葡聚糖内容物和甘露聚糖内容物的细胞壁制备物的生产，由包括但不限于酵母的微生物产生。在一个示范性的实施方式中，该方法包括第一步酵母(例如啤酒酵母)的自溶，(通常7％到18％，优选10％到17％，更优选8％到12％或13％到16％的固态浆料)。自溶可适当地在至少pH 4、优选至少pH 4.5、更优选至少pH 5时进行。自溶可适当地在低于pH 8、优选低于pH 7、更优选低于pH 6时进行。进行自溶的温度可适当地为至少30℃，优选至少35℃，更优选至少40℃，甚至更优选至少45℃。进行自溶的温度可适当地为低于55℃，优选低于52℃，甚至更优选低于50℃。自溶可适当地进行至少10小时，优选至少16小时，更优选至少24小时。该自溶可适当地进行少于100小时，优选少于48小时，并且更优选少于36小时。然后适当地通过离心分离该酵母，产生一种提取物和低β-葡聚糖含量的细胞壁流质。另一步，在至少pH 8.5、优选至少pH 9、更优选至少pH9.2时用酶处理细胞壁流质，该酶包括但不限于蛋白酶，例如碱性蛋白酶。该pH还可适当地低于10.5，优选低于10，更优选低于9.8。该蛋白酶处理可适当地在至少45℃温度、优选至少50℃、更优选至少53℃下进行。该蛋白酶处理可适当地在低于70℃、优选低于65℃、更优选低于60℃、甚至更优选低于57℃的温度下。该蛋白酶处理可适当地进行至少5小时，优选至少8小时，更优选至少10小时，甚至更优选至少12小时。该蛋白酶处理可适当地进行少于48小时，优选少于36小时，更优选少于24小时，甚至更优选小于18小时。然后离心分离第二产物，产生一种富含甘露聚糖(α-甘露聚糖)的提取物和一种富含β-葡聚糖的细胞壁制备物。然后干燥(例如喷雾干燥)这种β-(1，3/1，6)细胞壁产品，这致使产品聚集成约100-300微米或更大的颗粒。然后将甘露聚糖提取物经过10,000分子量的超滤以产出富含甘露聚糖的高分子量的渗余物。
如上所述的这种示范性的方法如图1的流程图所示。活体酵母在以下过程中进行自溶，其间内源的酵母酶分解和溶解一些酵母高分子。通过离心从不溶的酵母细胞壁中分离可溶性提取物。然后用高pH蛋白酶处理细胞壁，进一步从细胞壁中去除蛋白质，随后同样去除依附于细胞壁蛋白质的甘露聚糖。然后通过离心从二次提取物中分离出富含β-葡聚糖的细胞壁。具有高分子量的甘露聚糖可通过10,000Da超滤该二次提取物进一步纯化和浓缩甘露聚糖。
在另一实施方式中，方法包括了第一步的酵母(例如啤酒酵母)的自溶，(通常8％-12％的固态浆料)。自溶可适当地在至少pH 4、优选至少pH 4.5，更优选至少pH 5时进行。该pH还可适当地低于8，优选低于7，更优选低于6。进行自溶的温度可适当地为至少30℃，优选至少40℃，更优选至少45℃。该温度还可适当地低于55℃，优选低于53℃，更优选低于50℃。自溶可适当地进行至少10小时，优选至少16小时，更优选至少24小时。该自溶可适当地进行少于100小时，优选少于48小时，并且更优选少于36小时。然后通过离心适当地分离酵母，产生一种提取物和一种低β-葡聚糖含量的细胞壁流质。另一步用酶处理该细胞壁流质。该酶步骤首先在碱性pH(例如，在至少pH 8.5，优选至少9，更优选至少9.2)时使用一种高pH蛋白酶。该pH还可适当地低于10.5，优选低于10，更优选低于9.8。该蛋白酶处理可适当地在至少45℃、优选至少50℃、更优选至少53℃的温度下进行。该蛋白酶处理可适当地在低于70℃、优选低于65℃、更优选低于60℃、甚至更优选低于57℃的温度下进行。该蛋白酶处理可适当地进行至少5小时，优选至少8小时，更优选至少10小时，甚至更优选至少12小时。该蛋白酶处理可适当地进行少于48小时，优选小于36小时，更优选小于24小时，更优选小于18小时。蛋白酶酶步骤后是用葡糖淀粉酶(例如来自曲霉属的种)、淀粉酶(例如来自枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtili)、米曲霉(Aspergillusoryzae)的α淀粉酶；来自黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)或根霉属霉菌的淀粉葡萄糖苷酶)和/或脂肪酶(例如来自洋葱假单胞菌(Pseudomonascepacia)、皱褶假丝酵母(Candida rugosa)和爪哇毛霉(Mucor javanicus)的脂肪酶；通常约0.05％-1wt％)进行温育。用葡糖淀粉酶、淀粉酶和/或脂肪酶温育是在中性到微酸性的pH和高温条件下适当地进行的。例如，该pH可以适当地为至少为3.5，优选至少4，更优选至少4.5。该pH还可适当地为低于7，优选低于6，更优选低于5.5。与葡糖淀粉酶、淀粉酶和/或脂肪酶进行温育的温度可适当地为至少40℃，优选至少45℃，更优选至少50℃，甚至更优选至少53℃。该温度也可适当地从低于70℃，优选低于65℃，更优选低于60℃，甚至更优选低于58℃。尤其是如果该蛋白酶、淀粉酶或脂肪酶是耐热酶，可适当地采用至少60℃、至少65℃、至少70℃、至少75℃、至少80℃、至少85℃或至少90℃的温度。与碱性蛋白酶一起进行的温育还可以继之以与葡糖淀粉酶和脂肪酶的组合、淀粉酶和脂肪酶的组合或葡糖淀粉酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶的组合一起的温育。
如上所述的这种示范方法如图2的流程图所示。在图2描绘的方法中，活体酵母在以下过程中进行自溶，其间内源的酵母酶会分解和溶解一些酵母高分子。来自自溶作用的细胞壁首先用高pH蛋白酶处理。与该高pH蛋白酶的温育适当地在50℃到65℃的温度进行大约10到16小时。然后用淀粉酶(或其它葡聚糖酶)或脂肪酶、或淀粉酶和脂肪酶的组合处理细胞壁。与该淀粉酶和/或脂肪酶的温育适当地在pH 4到7和50℃到65℃的温度进行大约4到10小时。淀粉酶可以溶解残留的α-葡聚糖，例如那些可能仍然残留在细胞壁上的糖原。脂肪酶可以降解富含脂类和脂肪的细胞壁膜。然后可以离心细胞壁流质，产生富含甘露聚糖的二次提取物，和富含β-葡聚糖的细胞壁产品。该细胞壁产品可进行干燥(例如喷雾干燥)。该二次甘露聚糖提取物可通过超滤膜，例如10,000Da的超滤膜、50,000Da的超滤膜或100,000Da的超滤膜，从而富集渗余物中的甘露聚糖。
本发明的制备物可通过任何适用的方法进行干燥，所述方法包括但不限于：冻干、滚筒式干燥、烤箱干燥、喷雾干燥、环形干燥(ring drying)及其组合和/或使用成膜设备进行干燥，和要么不采用进一步的处理，要么可使用任何适当的技术进行研磨。
适当地，该高pH蛋白酶可以在pH 7以上具有最优的蛋白水解活性。适宜的蛋白酶包括但不限于获自下述来源的那些蛋白酶：中华猕猴桃(Actinidia chinensis)、菠萝(Ananas comosus)、曲霉属的种(例如黑曲霉、黑曲霉泡盛曲霉变种(A.niger var.awamori)、米曲霉、酱油曲霉(A.sojae)、蜂蜜曲霉(A.melleus))、芽孢杆菌属的种(例如枯草芽孢杆菌、嗜碱芽孢杆菌(B.alcalophilus)、溶淀粉芽孢杆菌(B.amyloliquefaciens)、嗜碱芽孢杆菌(B.halodurans)、迟缓芽孢杆菌(B.lentus)、地衣芽孢杆菌(B.licheniformis)、嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌(B.stearothermophilus)、嗜热芽孢杆菌(B.thermoproteolyticus))、番木瓜(Carica papya)、栗疫病菌(Cryphonectria parasitica)、栗疫菌(Endothiaparasitica)、脱毛榕木(Ficus glabrata)、乳克鲁维式酵母，柑桔青霉(Penicillum citrinum)、米赫根毛霉(Rhizomucor miehei)、雪白根霉(Rhizopus niveus)、来自小牛、山羊或牛胃或猪胰腺，及其组合。适宜的蛋白酶可包括但不限于，市售的酶例如枯草杆菌蛋白酶Carlsberg、枯草杆菌蛋白酶BPN′、枯草杆菌蛋白酶Novo、枯草杆菌蛋白酶309、枯草杆菌蛋白酶147及枯草杆菌蛋白酶168、AlcalaseTM、SavinaseTM、PrimaseTM DuralaseTM、DurazymTM、EsperaseTM、和KannaseTM(获自NovoNordisk A/S)；MaxataseTM、MaxacalTM、MaxapemTM、OptimaseTM、Properase TM、Purafect TM、Purafect OxPTM、FN2TM、和FN3TM(获自Genencor International Inc.)；和ValidaseTM AFP、ValidaseTM FP浓缩物、ValidaseTM FP 500、ValidaseTM FP II、ValidaseTM TSP浓缩物、碱性蛋白酶浓缩物、Bromelain(获自Valley Research，South Bend，IN)，及其组合。
适宜的淀粉酶包括植物、动物、细菌或真菌来源的那些淀粉酶，及其组合。淀粉酶包括但不限于，获自芽孢杆菌属的种(例如地衣芽孢杆菌、溶淀粉芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌)，米曲霉，黑曲霉，黑曲霉泡盛曲霉变种，蛾微杆菌(Microbacterium imperiale)，青绿色热单孢(Thermomonospora viridis)，大麦芽(大麦属的种)，猪胰腺(Sus种)，及其组合的葡糖淀粉酶或α-淀粉酶。有用的淀粉酶实例包括但不限于：市售淀粉酶，例如葡糖淀粉酶浓缩物(GlucoamylaseConcentrate)、DuramylTM、TermamylTM、FungamylTM和BANTM(获自Novo Nordisk A/S)；RapidaseTM和PurastarTM(获自Genencor InternationalInc.)；和ValidaseTM BAA，ValidaseTM HT340L，ValidaseTM FAA，ValidaseTM AGS，ValidaseTM GA，ValidaseTM RGA(获自Valley Research，SouthBend，IN)，及其组合。可以适当地采用淀粉酶的终浓度至少0.001％、优选至少0.01％、更优选至少0.02％。可以适当地采用淀粉酶的终浓度小于0.1％、优选小于0.05％、更优选小于0.1％。
可用于本发明的脂肪酶包括但不限于：来自腐质霉属(等同于嗜热真菌属(Thermomyces))的脂肪酶，例如来自疏棉状嗜热丝孢菌(H.lanuginosa(T.lanuginosus))、特异腐质霉(H.insolens))的脂肪酶；假单胞菌属脂肪酶，例如来自产碱假单胞菌(P.alcaligenes)或类产碱假单胞菌(P.pseudoalcaligenes)、洋葱假单胞菌(P.cepacia)、施氏假单胞菌(P.stutzeri)、荧光假单胞菌(P.fluorescens)、假单胞菌属种菌株SD 705、威州假单胞菌(P.wisconsinensis)的脂肪酶；芽孢杆菌脂肪酶，例如来自枯草芽孢杆菌、嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌或短小芽孢杆菌(B.pumilus)的脂肪酶(WO 91/16422)；米曲霉，黑曲霉，解脂假丝酵母(Candidalipolytica)，皱褶假丝酵母，爪哇毛霉，娄格法尔特氏青霉(Penicillumroqueforti)，米赫根毛霉，德列马根霉(Rhizopus delemar)，雪白根霉(Rhizopus niveus)，米根霉，无根根霉(Rhizopus arrhizus)，及其组合。市售脂肪酶包括但不限于：LipolaseTM及Lipolase UltraTM(Novo NordiskA/S)，及真菌脂肪酶(Fungal Lipase)8000及胰脂肪酶(Pancreatic Lipase)250(获自Valley Research，South Bend，IN)。
来自酵母细胞自溶作用的产物适当地还包含以干燥固体计总产物的至少20％、优选至少23％、更优选至少25％的蛋白质。该产物同样适当地包含以干燥固体计小于总产物45％、优选小于40％、更优选小于35％的蛋白质。来自酵母细胞自溶作用的产物适当地还包含以干燥固体计总产物的至少20％、优选至少23％、要优选至少25％的葡聚糖。该产物同样适当地包含以干燥固体计小于总产物的45％、优选小于40％、更优选小于35％的葡聚糖。
来自酵母细胞自溶作用的产物适当地同样包含以干燥固体计总产物的至少5％、优选至少7％、更优选至少10％的α-葡聚糖。该产物同样适当地包含以干燥固体计小于总产物的20％、优选小于18％、更优选小于15％的α-葡聚糖。来自酵母细胞自溶作用的该产物适当地包含以干燥固体计总产物的至少7％、优选至少10％、更优选至少12％的β-葡聚糖。该产物同样适当地包含以燥固体计小于总产物的22％、优选小于20％，更优选小于18％的β-葡聚糖。来自酵母细胞自溶作用的该产物适当地包含以干燥固体计总产物的至少5％、优选至少7％、更优选至少10％的甘露聚糖。该产物同样适当地包含以干燥固体计小于总产物的20％、优选小于18％、更优选小于15％的甘露聚糖。
富含β-(1，3/1，6)葡聚糖产物的细胞壁产品的特征在于，例如，至少50％、至少55％、至少60％或至少65％的β-(1，3/1，6)葡聚糖，而蛋白质含量小于20％、小于15％或小于10％。富含甘露聚糖的产物(二次甘露聚糖提取物)的特征在于包含至少50％、优选至少55％、更优选至少57％的甘露聚糖。该富含甘露聚糖的产物的特征还可以在于包含小于70％、优选小于68％、更优选小于65％的甘露聚糖。该富含甘露聚糖的产物(二次甘露聚糖提取物)的特征还在于包含至少25％、优选至少27％、更优选至少29％的蛋白质。该富含甘露聚糖的产物的特征还可以在于包含小于35％、优选小于32％、更优选小于30％的蛋白质。
超滤步骤可以这样进行：迫使根据本文所述方法产生的提取物(例如二次甘露聚糖提取物)在压力下穿过超滤膜。适当地，该超滤膜包括一种或多种半透膜。该半透膜或超滤膜可以具有一定的截流分子量，例如至少8,000Da、优选至少10,000Da、更优选至少25,000Da、更优选至少50,000Da、更优选至少100,000Da、更优选至少150,000Da。应当理解该超滤膜可以具有本文所述的那些数值之间的任一数值的截流分子量，包括但不限于至少15,000Da、20,000Da、30,000Da、40,000Da、60,000Da、70,000Da、80,000Da、90,000Da、110,000Da、120,000Da、130,000Da及140,000Da的截流分子量。适宜的超滤膜包括但不限于，获自A/G Technology Corp，Needham，MA的空心纤维膜。
二次甘露聚糖提取物经过滤之后在渗余物中的总二次甘露聚糖的至少80％(w/w)、优选至少85％(w/w)、更优选至少90％(w/w)的分子量可高于所用过滤膜的截流分子量。例如，如果二次甘露聚糖提取物应用了10,000Da的截流分子量，那么在渗余物中通常至少80％(w/w)、优选至少85％(w/w)、更优选至少90％(w/w)的总甘露聚糖的分子量高于10,000Da。如果二次甘露聚糖提取物应用了50,000Da的截流分子量，那么在渗余物中通常至少80％(w/w)、优选至少85％(w/w)、更优选至少90％(w/w)的总甘露聚糖的分子量高于50,000Da。如果二次甘露聚糖提取物应用了100,000Da的截流分子量，那么在渗余物中通常至少80％(w/w)、优选至少85％(w/w)、更优选至少90％(w/w)的总甘露聚糖的分子量高于100,000Da。如果二次甘露聚糖提取物应用了150,000Da的截流分子量，那么在渗余物中通常至少80％(w/w)、优选至少85％(w/w)、更优选至少90％(w/w)的总甘露聚糖的分子量高于150,000Da。
该超滤步骤可任选地包括使甘露聚糖提取物通过两个或多个不同截流分子量的超滤膜。最后的渗余物包含一种富含甘露聚糖的产物，其中大多数甘露聚糖的分子量介于所述超滤器的截流分子量之间。在该实施方式中，在最后的渗余物中至少80％(w/w)、优选至少85％(w/w)、更优选至少90％(w/w)的总甘露聚糖的分子量介于超滤膜的截流分子量之间。
自溶细胞壁经酶处理之后从富含葡聚糖产物中分离的二次甘露聚糖提取物的特征在于，例如，15％到50％的甘露聚糖，20％到30％的蛋白质及20％到25％的其它组分。当根据本发明方法超滤二次甘露聚糖提取物时，渗余物可包含至少50％、优选至少52％、更优选至少55％、更优选至少60％的甘露聚糖。该渗余物可包含低于70％、优选低于65％、更优选小于62％的甘露聚糖。该渗余物可进一步包含至少10％、优选至少12％、更优选至少15％、甚至更优选至少17％的蛋白质。该渗余物可进一步包含低于33％、优选低于30％、更优选低于22％的蛋白质。
可以预见本发明的制备物在例如食品增补剂、药品(例如改善免疫应答)、化妆品、动物饲料及营养辅助品中具有重要性。例如，一种动物饲料可以适当地包含1到10g制备物/kg饲料。适当地，以重量/重量计，该制备物可以包含该饲料总重的至少0.01％、优选至少0.02％、更优选至少0.05％、甚至更优选至少0.1％，并低于该饲料总重的5％、优选低于2％、更优选低于0.5％、甚至更优选低于0.3％。适合的动物饲料包括，但不限于，牛、马、猪、家禽、鱼(例如，甲壳动物、有壳的水生动物)、鸟类和宠物(例如，猫、狗)饲料。液体组合物可以包含0.1％-1wt％的本发明的制备物。本发明的制备物还可与在农业上可接受的载体一起，以及任选的在农业上可接受的营养物、除草剂或杀虫剂一起，用于植物保护组合物。
例如，根据本发明制备的富含β-葡聚糖的部分可适当地在动物及人食品、药品中用作免疫刺激物或软化剂、降胆固醇剂、以及食品和饮料中的增稠剂。如果加入到一种软化剂、洗液或乳膏剂中并用于治疗病症(condition)，该β-葡聚糖可以适当地以至少0.05％、优选至少0.1％、更优选至少0.5％并小于10％、优选小于5％、更优选小于2％的浓度(w/w)存在。适当地，根据本发明制备的β-葡聚糖部分可以用于例如通过掺入乳膏剂、洗液或软化剂中治疗湿疹。湿疹包括各种发炎的皮肤病症，包括遗传过敏性皮炎(“遗传过敏性湿疹(atopic eczema”)，并会在儿童期影响世界人口的约10％到约20％。湿疹似乎是身体免疫系统的一种异常应答。
根据本发明制备的富含甘露聚糖的产品还有许多用途。例如，甘露聚糖产品可以用于动物饲料工业，能够有利地结合霉菌毒素以及病原菌，防止细菌在肠道建群。
总之，除了别的之外本发明应用相对温和的工艺操作条件，提供了富含β-葡聚糖及甘露聚糖的制备物。
在下面实施例中阐述了本发明的各种特征及方面。
实施例1：使用高pH蛋白酶处理酵母
在夹层式不锈钢容器中将来自商品级的自溶啤酒酵母(酿酒酵母)的31.1kg的细胞壁部分加热到55℃。总固相为10.7％，在该固相中蛋白质总比例为24.5％。用氢氧化钠将pH提高到9.5，并加入0.1％(基于总重)的Protex 6L(一种碱性蛋白酶，获自Genencor，Palo Alto，CA)。在55℃搅拌细胞壁16小时。在85℃加热30分钟使Protex 6L失活，使用连续倾析法，用Alpha Laval Gyro型转筒离心机分离细胞壁。用与除去的提取物等体积的水洗涤不溶的细胞壁部分三次。将洗涤的细胞壁部分浓缩到固相15.4％，盐酸调整pH到7.0，喷雾干燥该部分。将一部分来自Protex 6L处理的提取物(相当于图1所示2°提取物)浓缩到固相28.3％，调整pH为7.0并喷雾干燥该提取物。残余的2°提取物用UFP-10-C-6A10,000NMWC空心纤维膜(获自A/G Technology Corp，Needham，MA)超滤。将富含甘露聚糖的高分子量渗余物的pH调整为7.0并喷雾干燥。调整该3°提取物(滤液)的pH为7.0，浓缩并喷雾干燥。
利用下列技术分析由此方法产生的产品的组成：利用LECO蛋白质测定仪(LECO Corp.，St.Joseph，MI)测定蛋白质；利用MegazymeInternational Mushroom及酵母β-葡聚糖试剂盒(获自MegazymeInternational，Wicklow，爱尔兰)测量总葡聚糖、α-葡聚糖和β-葡聚糖；利用己糖激酶、葡糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶、磷酸葡糖异构酶及磷酸甘露糖异构酶，通过碳水化合物的酸性水解测定甘露聚糖，结合分光光度分析测定游离甘露糖；使用Blich，E.G.和Dyer，W.J.Can.J.Biochem.Physiol.(1959)37，911的甲醇-氯仿提取法测定脂肪；使用Yellow Springs InstrumentsBiochemistry分析器(获自YSI Incorporated，Yellow Springs，OH)测定游离葡萄糖。这些分析结果示于表1。
表1
Figure 2006800150267A00800011
ND指未确定的。
实施例2：使用高pH蛋白酶和葡糖淀粉酶处理酵母
将16,000加仑的由原啤酒酵母提取物产生的细胞壁膏状物加热到55℃，用氢氧化钠调整pH为9.5。加入0.1％(v/v)的Protex 6L，混合物在55℃放置14小时。用HCl将pH降到pH 5.0。Protex 6L在pH 5下没有活性，不会破坏加入的酶。加入0.0175％(重量∶总重)的葡糖淀粉酶浓缩物(获自Valley Research，South Bend，IN)。在55℃放置4小时，然后升温到88℃使该酶失活。用Westfalia转筒分离器(获自WestfaliaSeparator，Inc.，Northvale，NJ)分离加热的物料。浓缩大部分提取物(图2中所示的2°提取物)并喷雾干燥。一部分2°提取物用UFP-10-C-6A10,000NMWC空心纤维膜(获自A/G Technology Corp，Needham，MA)超滤。浓缩渗余物及滤液并喷雾干燥。根据在实施例1所述的技术分析该喷雾干燥产品。结果列于表2。通过离心用水洗涤该细胞壁部分，浓缩并喷雾干燥。
表2
Figure 2006800150267A00800021
ND指未确定的。
比较表1和2的数据可以看出在实施例2处理过程中加入的葡糖淀粉酶的效果。在实施例2的过程中，超滤之后在渗余物和滤液中并没有检测到α-葡聚糖。同样，来自实施例2处理过程的2°和3°提取物中的游离葡萄糖水平(如表2所示)比来自实施例1的2°和3°提取物(如表1所示)高出很多。
实施例3：使用以不同顺序加入到自溶的酵母细胞壁中的葡糖淀粉酶和高pH蛋白酶处理酵母
向两个夹层式不锈钢容器中分别加入25Kg来自商业级原啤酒酵母提取物的细胞壁，其中酵母细胞已经经过自溶作用。固相为11.8％。将两个容器加热到55℃。容器1的pH调整为5.0并加入0.1％(重量∶总重)的葡糖淀粉酶浓缩物(获自Valley Research，South Bend，IN)。连续温育14小时，将pH升高到9.5。然后加入0.10％的Protex 6L，继续温育4小时。在不同的时间点取样并测定在葡糖淀粉酶作用下释放的游离葡萄糖。
开始时容器2的pH升高到9.5并加入0.1％(重量∶总重量)的Protex6L。在55℃温育混合物14小时。然后将pH降到5.0并加入0.1％的葡糖淀粉酶浓缩物。继续温育4小时。在不同的时间点取样并测定在葡糖淀粉酶作用下释放的游离葡萄糖。表3表明在不同时间两个容器中游离葡萄糖的水平。
表3
Figure 2006800150267A00800031
表3的数据表明在Protex 6L之前加入葡糖淀粉酶时，如在容器1中，则细胞壁的变化不足以使葡糖淀粉酶进入并消化在啤酒酵母自溶作用之后嵌入细胞壁内部的大分子α-葡聚糖(糖原)。相反，在容器2中，在葡糖淀粉酶之前加入蛋白酶，使得葡糖淀粉酶能够进入并消化α-葡聚糖，释放出多得多的葡萄糖。在pH 5.0下，尽管容器1中的葡糖淀粉酶作用时间(14小时)要比在容器2中的葡糖淀粉酶作用时间(4小时)长，但仍是这样的情况。因此，为了最优地去除来自啤酒酵母细胞壁的糖原/α-葡聚糖，应在葡糖淀粉酶之前加入碱性蛋白酶Protex 6L。
实施例4：根据图2所示处理过程处理啤酒酵母和面包酵母。
将220g来自商业级的自溶的初级培养面包酵母(固相15％)或啤酒酵母(固相11.8％)的细胞壁加热到55℃，调整pH为9.5。然后用0.1％(重量：总重)Protex 6L处理该细胞壁14小时。14小时后，将pH降到5.0，每个容器中加入0.0175％的葡糖淀粉酶浓缩物。在55℃下再温育该培养瓶4小时。用YSI生化分析器(Biochemistry Analyzer)监测游离葡萄糖。结果如表4所示。
表4
Figure 2006800150267A00800041
来自面包酵母的自溶作用的细胞壁所含的糖原低于来自啤酒酵母的细胞壁，主要是因为好氧培养的面包酵母累积的β-葡聚糖往往少于厌氧培养的啤酒酵母。用葡糖淀粉酶温育之后的啤酒酵母细胞壁释放出的葡萄糖多于面包酵母细胞壁释放出的葡萄糖。因此图2的处理过程对于处理来自啤酒酵母细胞壁的β-葡聚糖非常有效。
实施例5：提取物在动物饲料中的用途
通过将两个组分干混在一起来配制自溶啤酒酵母细胞：来自图2处理的2°提取物为50∶50(基于干燥固体)混合物，其中2°提取物根据实施例2制备(即前后用蛋白酶和淀粉酶处理获得的甘露聚糖)。该混合物用来补充断乳后28天的幼猪的饲料。该混合物在第1阶段(0-7天)以3磅(lbs)/吨饲料加入，在第2阶段(7-14天)为2磅/吨饵料，第3阶段(14-28天)为2磅/吨饵料。对照组和处理组饲料均含有抗生素。根据体重将断乳后的猪(17-22天龄)随机地分配到对照组饲料或处理组饲料。每个饲料组有13只猪，分6个围栏。结果如表5所示。
表5
Figure 2006800150267A00800051
a，b是指差异显著，P＜0.10。
处理组饵料饲养的猪在14天明显地更重，并到28天猪重量有增加的趋势。
实施例6：酵母提取物在动物饲料中作为增味剂的用途。
犬食涂以油，然后将1.0％的来自图2所示处理过程的干燥的3°提取物(根据实施例2制备(即超滤之后的滤液))或者1.0％的已经被接受的犬增味剂喷涂到涂有油的犬食表面上。以1000g的定额在两天内提供给一组20只犬。食盆的位置每天互换，防止“左-右”偏爱。
每只犬在两天时间内食用的食物量列于表6。表6显示：根据实施例2制备的图2处理过程的3°提取物即使不高于标准增味剂(palatant)，但至少能够跟标准增味剂一样增强干燥犬食的可口性。
表6
Figure 2006800150267A00800061
实施例7(预示性)：酵母细胞壁-喷雾干燥粉的特性
根据实施例2所述方法制备高度纯化的酿酒酵母细胞壁产品。其具有高浓度的(β-1，3/1，6)葡聚糖。该产品通过了FDA的G.R.A.S.(通常被认为是安全的)。该产品具有高质量天然来源的(β-1，3/1，6)葡聚糖，可以用于各式各样的食品中的增补剂。已经表明该生物学活性物质刺激许多动物的免疫系统。该组合物和该产品的特性列于表7。
表7
Figure 2006800150267A00800071
实施例8(预示性)
啤酒酵母细胞壁膏状物被加热到131℉(55℃)。用50％氢氧化钠(每Kg细胞壁膏状物约5ml)将pH升到9.5。加入0.1％(体积：细胞壁膏状物总重)的Protex 6L(Genencore)。在131℉放置混合物14小时。用28％的HCl(盐酸)将pH降到5.0并加入0.0175％(重量：总重)的葡糖淀粉酶浓缩物(Valley Research)。在55℃放置混合物4小时，然后加热到185-195℉加热灭活该酶。分离各部分。在喷雾干燥富含β-葡聚糖的不溶部分之前，调整pH为6.5。喷雾干燥富含β-葡聚糖的不溶部分。
制备高度纯化的酿酒酵母细胞壁产品。其具有高浓度的(β-1，3/1，6)葡聚糖。该产品通过FDA的G.R.A.S.。该产品具有高质量的天然来源的(β-1，3/1，6)葡聚糖，可用于各式各样的食品中增补剂。已经表明该生物学活性物质能够刺激许多动物的免疫系统。该组合物和该产品的特性示于表7。
实施例9：使用高pH蛋白酶和脂肪酶处理酵母。
将220g来自商业级面包酵母自溶作用的细胞壁(固相15％)置于玻璃培养瓶中并搅拌。将温度升高到55℃，并用HCl将pH升到9.5。加入0.1％的Protex 6L，温育样品14小时。此时，将30g的等分试样装入适用于Sorvall SS34离心机转子的50ml离心管(获自Nalgene)中。各管中加入磁搅拌棒。向离心管加入下列A、B或C：
A.0.0175％的葡糖淀粉酶浓缩物(获自Valley Research)
B.0.1％的脂肪酶CR(一种获自Valley Research的三酰基甘油脂肪酶)
C.0.0175％的葡糖淀粉酶浓缩物+0.1％的脂肪酶CR。
各管在55℃搅拌温育四小时。85℃加热15分钟灭活所述酶，使用带有SS34转子的SorvallTM离心机沉淀(pellet)细胞壁(12,000r.p.m.10分钟)。然后用与除去的可溶性提取物等体积的水洗涤沉淀三次。细胞壁重悬浮到约固相15％并用Buchi Mini喷雾干燥器B-191喷雾干燥。分析干燥细胞壁的蛋白质(氮X 6.25；LECO蛋白质测定仪，获自LECO Corp.，St.Joseph，MI)，并利用Megazyme International Mushroom和酵母β-葡聚糖试剂盒(获自Megazyme International，Wicklow，Ireland)测量β-葡聚糖。结果如表8所示。
表8
Figure 2006800150267A00800081
实施例10(预示性)：实施例2的富含β-葡聚糖的产品在肉用仔鸡饲料中的应用
每天给来自1天龄的肉用仔鸡饲喂含1g/Kg实施例2的富含β-葡聚糖产品的标准鸡饲料(无抗生素)或者不含β-葡聚糖的标准鸡饲料(无抗生素)(对照)。7天后用雏鸡病原性大肠杆菌菌株对对照和β-葡聚糖饲养的两组雏鸡进行呼吸免疫攻击。持续给这些小鸡喂其各自的饲料，并记录一个月内的死亡率。
预计β-葡聚糖饲养的雏鸡的死亡率会明显低于标准饲料组。对于降低呼吸道感染引发的生产损失来说，β-葡聚糖对雏鸡免疫系统的刺激作用是有价值的。
实施例11(预示性)：实施例1的富含甘露聚糖的超滤液渗余物在雏鸡饲料中的用途
两星期内每天给肉用仔鸡饲喂含有1g/Kg实施例1的富含甘露聚糖超滤渗余物的标准鸡饲料(无抗生素)或者不含富集的甘露聚糖的标准鸡饲料(无抗生素)(对照)。然后给肉用仔鸡(对照和甘露聚糖饲养组)经口接种雏鸡病原性沙门氏菌属的菌株。持续给这些雏鸡喂其各自的饲料，监测一个月内的死亡率和发病率。
甘露聚糖会与沙门氏菌属结合并防止其与甘露聚糖饲料组雏鸡的肠道结合。预计这会显著降低甘露聚糖饲养雏鸡组的发病率及死亡率。
实施例12(预示性)：实施例1或2的富含β-葡聚糖的产品在虎虾(TigerShrimp)培养中的用途。
将一组虎虾(斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)浸于不含富集的β-葡聚糖的溶液中(对照组)。在研究期间该组饲以不含富集的β-葡聚糖的商品虾食小球(commercial pellet)。第二组虎虾浸于含0.1％来自实施例1的富含β-葡聚糖的溶液中，然后饲以含0.1％来自实施例1的富集的β-葡聚糖的商品虾食颗粒。第三组虎虾浸于含0.1％来自实施例2的富含β-葡聚糖的溶液中，然后饲以含0.1％来自实施例2的富集的β-葡聚糖的商品虾食颗粒。监测几个月内各组的死亡率。
在虾的养殖历史上曾有过高的死亡率。与对照组相比，当虾浸于含β-葡聚糖的溶液中时，以及当该虾随后用含β-葡聚糖的饲料养殖时，预期来自实施例1和2的各酵母β-1，3-1，6-葡聚糖刺激虾的免疫应答。由于酵母β-葡聚糖对先天免疫系统的刺激作用，预计浸于和用酵母β-葡聚糖饲料饲养的虎虾组生长得更快，并预计其死亡率低于对照组。
实施例13(预示性)：实施例2富含β-葡聚糖的产品在湿疹治疗中的用途
选定一组患有湿疹且对当前接受的皮肤洗液治疗不响应的儿童，用1％含实施例2的富含β-葡聚糖的产品的悬浮液进行治疗。每天施用洗液两次。皮肤科医生每周评价皮肤的病变及疼痛的改良。预计β-葡聚糖洗液降低病变引发的疼痛并加快病变痊愈的速度。
实施例14(预示性)：实施例2富含β-葡聚糖的产品在健康快餐食品生产中的用途
将来自实施例2的酵母β-葡聚糖提取物按1％(w/w)加到冰淇淋中以部分替换脂肪。β-葡聚糖加固了冰淇淋的硬度和外形，但并不影响其质地。添加了β-葡聚糖的冰淇淋所含卡路里少于不含β-葡聚糖的冰淇淋。摄取这种添加后的冰淇淋，预计β-葡聚糖会刺激肠道的先天免疫系统从而有益于消费者的免疫状况。
将来自实施例2的酵母β-葡聚糖提取物按0.5％(w/w)及1％(w/w)加到饼干、快餐店及面包店项目(item)中。添加了β-葡聚糖的饼干、快餐店及面包店项目所含卡路里少于不含β-葡聚糖的饼干、快餐店及面包店项目。摄取这种添加后的饼干、快餐店及面包店项目后，预计β-葡聚糖刺激肠道的先天免疫系统从而有益于消费者的免疫状况。
尽管已经说明并例证了本发明的一些特性，本领域技术人员将理解能够在本发明描述的基础上进行各种改变，包括变化、填加及省略。所以，意指这些改变同样包括在本发明中，本发明的范围仅由所附权利要求在法律上的最广泛解释所限制。
本文引用的所有专利、出版物及参考文献均全文并入本文作为参考。在本公开文本与并入的专利、出版物及参考文献互相冲突的情况下，应该参照本公开文本。

Claims (30)

1.一种处理微生物细胞的方法，其包括：
(a)使所述微生物细胞自溶，以释放微生物细胞壁；
(b)用外源的蛋白酶温育所述微生物细胞壁；
(c)将所述微生物细胞壁分离为富含葡聚糖的组分和富含甘露聚糖的组分，所述富含葡聚糖的组分包括至少50％的β-(1，3/1，6)葡聚糖；以及
(d)超滤步骤(c)的富含甘露聚糖组分，以形成滤液和渗余物，所述渗余物包括至少50％的甘露聚糖和至少10％的蛋白质。
2.权利要求1的方法，其中所述微生物包括酵母、真菌或细菌中的至少一种。
3.权利要求1的方法，其中所述微生物细胞包括酵母细胞。
4.权利要求1的方法，其中步骤(b)的蛋白酶在步骤(c)之前被灭活。
5.权利要求1的方法，其中步骤(b)的温育在pH 9到10、温度50℃到65℃时进行。
6.权利要求1的方法，其中所述渗余物包含甘露聚糖，并且其中至少85％(w/w)的所述甘露聚糖的分子量至少为10,000Da。
7.权利要求1的方法，其中步骤(a)在pH 4到8进行。
8.权利要求1的方法，其中步骤(a)进行24到36小时。
9.权利要求1的方法，其中步骤(a)在35℃到55℃的温度下进行。
10.权利要求1的方法，进一步包括在动物饲料中使用步骤(c)的富含葡聚糖的组分。
11.权利要求1的方法，进一步包括在动物饲料中使用步骤(b)的经蛋白酶处理的细胞壁。
12.权利要求1的方法，进一步包括在动物饲料中使用步骤(d)的滤液。
13.权利要求1的方法，进一步包括在选自食品增补剂、药品、化妆品和营养辅助品的产品中使用步骤(c)的富含葡聚糖的组分。
14.权利要求1的方法，进一步包括在选自食品增补剂、药品、化妆品和营养辅助品的产品中使用步骤(b)的经蛋白酶处理的细胞壁。
15.权利要求1的方法，进一步包括在选自食品增补剂、药品、化妆品和营养辅助品的产品中使用步骤(c)的富含葡聚糖的组分中使用步骤(d)的滤液。
16.一种处理酵母细胞的方法，其包括：
(a)使酵母细胞在50℃到65℃的温度自溶以释放酵母细胞壁；
(b)在pH 9到10用外源的蛋白酶温育该酵母细胞壁；以及
(c)用包含选自淀粉酶、脂肪酶及其组合的至少一种的酶温育步骤(b)的经蛋白酶处理的细胞壁；以及
(d)将步骤(c)的经酶处理的细胞壁分离成富含葡聚糖的组分和富含甘露聚糖的组分，其中所述富含葡聚糖的组分包括至少50％的β-(1，3/1，6)葡聚糖以及所述富含甘露聚糖的组分包括至少50％的甘露聚糖和至少25％的蛋白质。
17.权利要求16的方法，其中所述酵母细胞包括啤酒酵母细胞。
18.权利要求16的方法，进一步包括在动物饲料中使用步骤(c)的经酶处理的细胞壁。
19.权利要求16的方法，进一步包括在选自食品增补剂、药品、化妆品和营养辅助品的产品中使用步骤(c)的经酶处理的细胞壁。
20.权利要求16的方法，其中步骤(c)在pH 4到6进行。
21.权利要求20的方法，进一步包括在动物饲料中使用步骤(d)的富含葡聚糖组分。
22.权利要求20的方法，进一步包括在选自食品增补剂、药品、化妆品和营养辅助品的产品中使用步骤(d)的富含葡聚糖的组分。
23.权利要求20的方法，进一步包括
(e)超滤步骤(d)的富含甘露聚糖的组分，以形成滤液和渗余物。
24.权利要求23的方法，其中所述渗余物包含甘露聚糖，并且其中至少85％(w/w)的所述甘露聚糖的分子量至少为10,000Da。
25.权利要求23的方法，进一步包括在动物饲料中使用步骤(e)的滤液。
26.权利要求23的方法，进一步包括在选自食品增补剂、药品、化妆品和营养辅助品的产品中使用步骤(e)的滤液。
27.一种包含通过权利要求1或16的方法获得的α-甘露聚糖的组合物，其中总α-甘露聚糖的至少85％(w/w)具有10,000Da或更高的分子量。
28.包含权利要求27的组合物的食品增补剂、药品、化妆品或营养辅助品。
29.包含权利要求27的组合物的动物饲料。
30.权利要求29的动物饲料，其中所述动物饲料为狗、猫、猪、鱼或牛饲料。
CN2006800150267A 2005-05-05 2006-05-05 β-葡聚糖和甘露聚糖的制备 Active CN101184780B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US67797305P 2005-05-05 2005-05-05
US60/677,973 2005-05-05
PCT/US2006/017270 WO2006121803A1 (en) 2005-05-05 2006-05-05 Production of beta-glucans and mannans

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101184780A CN101184780A (zh) 2008-05-21
CN101184780B true CN101184780B (zh) 2012-10-03

Family

ID=36920048

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2006800150267A Active CN101184780B (zh) 2005-05-05 2006-05-05 β-葡聚糖和甘露聚糖的制备

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US20060263415A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1877447B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5296531B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN101184780B (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0611535B1 (zh)
CA (2) CA2607004C (zh)
MX (1) MX2007013725A (zh)
WO (1) WO2006121803A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MD4329C1 (ro) * 2013-10-30 2015-09-30 Институт Микробиологии И Биотехнологии Академии Наук Молдовы Procedeu de cultivare a tulpinii de levuri Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNMN-Y-20

Families Citing this family (60)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050026866A1 (en) * 2002-08-02 2005-02-03 Pawelek John M. Agents and methods for treatment of disease by oligosaccharide targeting agents
FI20070471A0 (fi) * 2007-06-13 2007-06-13 Glykos Finland Oy Ravinnelisäkompositiota
US20080160043A1 (en) * 2007-07-16 2008-07-03 Kim Moo-Sung Preparation method of beta-glucan from schizophyllum commune and composition for external application comprising the same
CN101361524B (zh) * 2007-08-10 2011-12-07 安琪酵母股份有限公司 生物毒素吸附剂及其生产方法
WO2009097285A1 (en) * 2008-01-28 2009-08-06 Archer-Daniels-Midland Company Compositions for feeding animals
CN101570769B (zh) 2008-04-29 2013-06-19 安琪酵母股份有限公司 一种酵母葡聚糖、甘露聚糖及其生产方法
JP2010077039A (ja) * 2008-09-24 2010-04-08 Fujifilm Corp 免疫賦活剤または抗アレルギー剤
FI20080665A0 (fi) * 2008-12-18 2008-12-18 Glykos Finland Oy Luonnollisen tyyppiset sakkaridikoostumukset
US20110091938A1 (en) * 2009-10-20 2011-04-21 Grain Processing Corporation Starch Hydrolysis
CN102051400B (zh) 2009-11-06 2013-05-15 安琪酵母股份有限公司 一种酵母甘露糖蛋白产品的制备方法
US8575320B2 (en) 2010-03-18 2013-11-05 Alltech, Inc. Compositions and methods for separating, characterizing and administering soluble selenoglycoproteins
US8263752B2 (en) 2010-03-18 2012-09-11 Alltech, Inc. Methods for separating soluble selenoglycoproteins
EP2787070A3 (en) * 2011-07-21 2015-03-11 AB Enzymes GmbH Process of lysing yeast cell walls
CN103717093B (zh) * 2011-08-26 2016-03-30 兴人生命科学株式会社 具有味道增强效果的酵母抽提物
FR2981075A1 (fr) * 2011-10-11 2013-04-12 Kitozyme Procede de preparation de glucans a partir d'aspergillus niger
CN102492052A (zh) * 2011-12-19 2012-06-13 成都宏安生物科技有限公司 一种从啤酒酵母废渣中提取甘露聚糖的方法
CN103243028B (zh) * 2012-02-02 2015-11-25 安琪酵母股份有限公司 酵母细胞壁及其制法、饲料添加剂及其制法和饲料
EP2817012A4 (en) * 2012-02-22 2015-11-04 Algal Scient Corp ANIMAL FEED COMPOSITIONS AND USER METHOD THEREFOR
WO2013137010A1 (ja) * 2012-03-12 2013-09-19 日之出産業株式会社 新規バチルス属微生物およびその利用
RU2631609C2 (ru) 2012-03-23 2017-09-25 Фарма73, С.А. Порошок природного биокомпозита, получаемый из биомассы pichia pastoris, способ его получения и применения в качестве эксципиента
CN102669431A (zh) * 2012-05-25 2012-09-19 兰州鑫祥生物工程有限公司 酵母β-葡聚糖作为羔羊早期断奶饲料添加剂的应用
MD4216C1 (ro) * 2012-08-15 2013-11-30 Институт Микробиологии И Биотехнологии Академии Наук Молдовы Tulpină de drojdii Saccharomyces cerevisiae - producătoare de manani
CN102911287B (zh) * 2012-11-21 2014-07-23 福建科宏生物工程有限公司 一种从竹浆中制备竹叶多糖的方法
EP2958437B1 (en) * 2013-02-21 2020-02-05 Direvo Industrial Biotechnology GmbH Prebiotic animal feed product
CN106103551A (zh) 2014-01-06 2016-11-09 纳幕尔杜邦公司 聚α‑1,3‑葡聚糖膜的制备
WO2015109066A1 (en) 2014-01-17 2015-07-23 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Production of poly alpha-1,3-glucan formate films
CA2945793C (en) * 2014-04-14 2021-01-12 Biothera, Inc. Yeast cell wall enriched in mannan oligosaccharide protein
CN106255419B (zh) * 2014-05-08 2020-04-17 兴人生命科学株式会社 抑制在食品和饮料中产生凝聚/沉淀的酵母提取物
CA2949752A1 (en) 2014-05-21 2015-11-26 Pharma73, S.A. Chitin-glucan complex, its preparation, and uses
US20170196231A1 (en) * 2014-06-26 2017-07-13 E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company Production of poly alpha-1,3-glucan formate food casings
JP6827321B2 (ja) * 2014-07-16 2021-02-10 三菱商事ライフサイエンス株式会社 茶飲料の白濁抑制剤
JP6096158B2 (ja) * 2014-09-17 2017-03-15 富士フイルム株式会社 免疫賦活剤または抗アレルギー剤
CN104403023B (zh) * 2014-11-13 2017-02-08 成都天屹生物科技有限公司 一种从啤酒废酵母残渣中提取碱不溶性葡聚糖的方法
KR102524964B1 (ko) 2014-11-19 2023-04-24 테이부루마크 가부시키가이샤 효모 세포의 풍미 개선방법 및 식품 품질 개량제
ES2938746T3 (es) * 2015-01-26 2023-04-14 Dsm Nutritional Products Llc Composiciones de oligosacáridos para el uso como alimento para animales y sus métodos para producirlas
CN105017441B (zh) * 2015-08-31 2018-01-16 桂林茗兴生物科技有限公司 灵芝多糖的提取方法
JP2018531586A (ja) 2015-09-21 2018-11-01 ディーエスエム アイピー アセッツ ビー．ブイ．Ｄｓｍ Ｉｐ Ａｓｓｅｔｓ Ｂ．Ｖ． 酵母細胞壁由来のフレーバー
EP3180990A1 (en) 2015-12-16 2017-06-21 Neste Oyj Method for preparing a composition having antimicrobial activity
US10806769B2 (en) 2016-03-31 2020-10-20 Gojo Industries, Inc. Antimicrobial peptide stimulating cleansing composition
JP2019510036A (ja) 2016-03-31 2019-04-11 ゴジョ・インダストリーズ・インコーポレイテッド プロバイオティクス／プレバイオティクス有効成分を含む清浄剤組成物
TWI723161B (zh) * 2016-05-16 2021-04-01 日商興人生命科學股份有限公司 鹽味增強方法
WO2017219106A1 (pt) * 2016-06-24 2017-12-28 Yessinergy Holding S/A Composição imunomoduladora e promotora de crescimento e de controle da população de bactérias indesejáveis da microbiota intestinal e seu uso
IT201600069379A1 (it) * 2016-07-04 2018-01-04 Prosol S P A Composizione sostanzialmente costituita da pareti cellulari di lievito e procedimento per la sua preparazione
AU2017365019A1 (en) 2016-11-23 2019-07-11 Gojo Industries, Inc. Sanitizer composition with probiotic/prebiotic active ingredient
US10842809B2 (en) 2016-12-16 2020-11-24 Hills Pet Nutrition, Inc. Pet food compositions
CN109303195B (zh) * 2017-07-28 2021-09-07 安琪酵母股份有限公司 一种可替代抗生素的酵母细胞壁及其制备方法和应用
BR102017019186A2 (pt) * 2017-09-06 2018-02-27 Yessinergy Holding S/A Composição de aditivos prebióticos promotores de crescimento para rações animais e seu uso
WO2020004568A1 (ja) * 2018-06-28 2020-01-02 アサヒグループホールディングス株式会社 エクオール産生促進剤およびそれを含むエクオール産生促進用食品または飲料組成物
JP6530846B1 (ja) * 2018-10-09 2019-06-12 アサヒグループホールディングス株式会社 免疫賦活剤及び感染予防方法
JP7313440B2 (ja) * 2018-10-17 2023-07-24 インスティチュート フォー ベーシック サイエンス Ｔｒｅｇ細胞を誘導する酵母由来多糖体の構造及び機能特性
US11701417B2 (en) * 2019-03-27 2023-07-18 West Virginia University Vaccine formulation to protect against pertussis
CN111172219A (zh) * 2020-02-17 2020-05-19 武汉轻工大学 一种甘露聚糖及其制备方法和应用以及热干面
CO2020004754A1 (es) * 2020-04-17 2020-10-20 Compania Nac De Levaduras Levapan S A Proceso de obtención de β-glucano a partir de levadura de panadería
US11140912B1 (en) 2020-12-22 2021-10-12 Agvault, Llc Process for manufacturing yeast strains having increased mannan oligosaccharides and improved amino acid profiles
US20220218772A1 (en) * 2021-01-13 2022-07-14 AMI Newco LLC Mushroom blend for increasing butyrate production in the gut biome
EP4119654A1 (de) * 2021-07-12 2023-01-18 Yeastup AG Verfahren zur isolierung von proteinen und sacchariden aus hefe
CN115501246B (zh) * 2022-10-31 2023-08-08 湖南天根乐微君科技有限公司 一种能有效修复、淡化、祛除疤痕的组合物及其制备方法与应用
KR102592953B1 (ko) * 2023-01-30 2023-10-20 박예성 휴지기 없이 급여 가능한 반려동물용 영양제 제조공법
CN118440994A (zh) * 2023-02-03 2024-08-06 康码（上海）生物科技有限公司 一种酵母提取物及其制备方法和应用
CN118165137B (zh) * 2024-03-18 2024-09-10 克鲁维酵母科技(海南)有限公司 一种高纯度酵母β-葡聚糖的制备方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1192247A (zh) * 1995-07-05 1998-09-02 卡尔顿和联合酿酒有限公司 通过在一定的pH,温度和时间条件下使细胞自体溶解生产β－葡聚糖－甘露聚糖制剂
WO2004054166A2 (en) * 2002-12-10 2004-06-24 Pacile Antonio Publishing refuse certification

Family Cites Families (393)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1442108A1 (de) 1961-02-23 1968-11-14 Kinki Yakult Seizo Kabushiki K Verfahren zur Zersetzung der Zellwaende von Hefearten mittels ss-Glucanase,welche durch Mikroorganismen erzeugt wird
DE1216486B (de) 1964-04-23 1966-05-12 Merck Ag E Verfahren zur Herstellung von Dragees
US3975553A (en) 1965-03-08 1976-08-17 Henri Griffon Deproteination of yeast cells
US3495990A (en) * 1967-03-02 1970-02-17 Pillsbury Co Aerated food products
US3754925A (en) 1970-03-24 1973-08-28 Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd New thermo gelable polysaccharide containing foodstuffs
US3973008A (en) 1970-12-30 1976-08-03 Kabushiki Kaisha Shimizu Manzo Shoten Konjac mannan
BE795716A (fr) * 1972-02-22 1973-08-21 Glaxo Lab Ltd Compositions enzymatiques thermostables
US3943247A (en) * 1972-05-22 1976-03-09 Kaken Kagaku Kabushiki Kaisha Treatment of bacterial infections with glucan compositions
JPS5413496B2 (zh) 1972-10-17 1979-05-31
US3867554A (en) * 1972-11-29 1975-02-18 Robert William Sucher Yeast glycan and process of making same
IT982367B (it) * 1972-11-30 1974-10-21 Sir Soc Italiana Resine Spa Procedimento per la produzione di lisati da microorganism
FR2244543B1 (zh) 1973-07-27 1977-07-01 Inst Nl Sante Rech Medica
CH617963A5 (zh) 1973-10-05 1980-06-30 Derivati Organici Lab
GB1484264A (en) 1973-10-18 1977-09-01 Mars Ltd Proteinaceous food product
GB1483339A (en) 1973-10-18 1977-08-17 Mars Ltd Solid proteinaceous food product
US4066793A (en) * 1974-03-18 1978-01-03 Ajinomoto Co., Inc. Seasoning composition and preparation thereof
DE2452303A1 (de) 1974-11-05 1976-05-13 Bayer Ag Extraktionsprodukte aus hefezellwandbestandteile enthaltendem material, ein verfahren zu ihrer herstellung sowie ihre verwendung als arzneimittel
US4122196A (en) 1974-11-18 1978-10-24 Anheuser-Busch, Incorporated Process for the manufacture of yeast glycan
DE2551438C2 (de) 1974-11-26 1986-04-03 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd., Osaka Verfahren zur Herstellung von β-1,3-Glucanderivaten
JPS51125773A (en) 1975-04-25 1976-11-02 Amao Suisan Kk Method of producing fish meat extract
JPS51136865A (en) 1975-05-20 1976-11-26 Shinji Kurihara Production of animal edible seasonings
US4207344A (en) 1975-06-14 1980-06-10 Cerrillo Vincente P Processes for protecting proteic foodstuffs against spoilage
US4138479A (en) * 1975-11-07 1979-02-06 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for the preparation of immunopotentiating agents from components of yeast cell wall material
JPS5274406A (en) 1975-12-05 1977-06-22 Dainippon Toryo Kk Ink for ink jet recording
JPS52117492A (en) * 1975-12-11 1977-10-01 Hayashibara Biochem Lab Inc Preparation of water-insoluble glucan
MX4738E (es) 1976-05-07 1982-08-25 Nattermann A & Cie Procedimiento para fabricar preparados enzimaticos ricos en lipasa
CA1131371A (en) 1976-07-16 1982-09-07 James E. Zajic Foam flotation activated sludge process
PL193146A1 (pl) 1976-10-19 1978-04-24 Inst Przemyslu Mleczarskiego Preparat enzymatyczny do dojrzewania bialkowych produktow mleczarskich
JPS5366442A (en) 1976-11-18 1978-06-13 Takuma Sasaki Antitumors
US4071890A (en) 1976-11-29 1978-01-31 Data General Corporation CPU-Synchronous parallel data processor apparatus
US4299630A (en) 1977-04-27 1981-11-10 The Mead Corporation Infrared absorptive jet printing ink
JPS54148702A (en) * 1978-05-12 1979-11-21 Kirin Brewery Kss22b
IT1104351B (it) * 1978-06-14 1985-10-21 Muzzarelli Riccardo Il complesso glucano chitosano il metodo della sua produzione a partire da muffe funghi e lieviti e i suoi usi
DE2962386D1 (en) * 1978-06-26 1982-05-06 Unilever Nv A process for producing a detoxified rapeseed protein concentrate
US4218481A (en) 1978-10-06 1980-08-19 Standard Oil Company (Indiana) Yeast autolysis process
US4295889A (en) 1978-12-01 1981-10-20 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Recording liquid composition
JPS6042766B2 (ja) 1978-12-09 1985-09-25 日本化薬株式会社 基剤
JPS5592672A (en) 1979-01-05 1980-07-14 Ajinomoto Co Inc Preparation of yeast extract
JPS55130909A (en) 1979-03-31 1980-10-11 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Granular material containing active substance and having inactive surface-protecting layer, and its preparation
US4313934A (en) * 1979-05-08 1982-02-02 Kirin Beer Kabushiki Kaisha Physiologically active polysaccharides, production and uses thereof
DK143412C (da) 1979-05-17 1982-05-24 Forenede Bryggerier As Fremgangsmaade til udvinding af cu,zn-superoxid-dismutase fra gaer
US4311714A (en) * 1979-06-12 1982-01-19 Endowment And Research Foundation At Montana State University Production of products from waxy barley grain
US4247574A (en) * 1979-06-22 1981-01-27 The Calpis Food Industry Co., Ltd. Method of producing textured protein and textured protein produced thereby
US4285976A (en) 1979-11-23 1981-08-25 Standard Oil Company (Indiana) Method for accelerating autolysis of yeast
US4543370A (en) 1979-11-29 1985-09-24 Colorcon, Inc. Dry edible film coating composition, method and coating form
JPS56118471A (en) 1980-02-25 1981-09-17 Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd Ink composition for ink jet recording
US4310553A (en) * 1980-02-25 1982-01-12 Odintsova Ekaterina N Process for producing food vitamin concentrate from wine yeast
US4311717A (en) * 1980-05-19 1982-01-19 Fmc Corporation Stabilizing agent for dry mix food products
JPS6050393B2 (ja) 1980-06-13 1985-11-08 富士写真フイルム株式会社 水性インキ組成物
US4332894A (en) 1980-08-15 1982-06-01 Purdue Research Foundation Conversion of guar gum to gel-forming polysaccharides by the action of α-galactosidase
DE3043611C2 (de) 1980-11-19 1984-07-05 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München Drehpositionierbare Anlage
US4361843A (en) 1981-03-27 1982-11-30 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Ink jet compositions and method
US4383859A (en) 1981-05-18 1983-05-17 International Business Machines Corporation Ink jet inks and method of making
US4508570A (en) 1981-10-21 1985-04-02 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Aqueous ink for ink-jet printing
US4427710A (en) * 1981-12-23 1984-01-24 Nissin Shokuhin Kabushiki Kaisha Method of manufacturing an instant bean curd or tofu, and the toju made by such method
JPS59161319A (ja) 1983-03-04 1984-09-12 Nippon Bussan Kk 薬理作用を有する魚貝類エキスの製造方法
US4526794A (en) 1982-03-08 1985-07-02 General Foods Corporation Citrus albedo bulking agent and process therefor
EP0091224B1 (en) 1982-04-05 1988-05-04 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Process for producing a shaped article of beta-hydroxybutyrate polymer
DE3213159A1 (de) 1982-04-08 1983-10-13 Puls, Jürgen, Dr., 2057 Reinbek Waessrige waermehaertbare massen und deren verwendung
US5308838A (en) 1982-05-07 1994-05-03 Carrington Laboratories, Inc. Uses of aloe products
US5468737A (en) 1982-05-07 1995-11-21 Carrington Laboratories, Inc. Wound healing accelerated by systemic administration of polysaccharide from aloe
US5118673A (en) 1982-05-07 1992-06-02 Carrington Laboratories, Inc. Uses of aloe products
ZA833446B (en) 1982-05-28 1984-02-29 Solco Basel Ag Process for the preparation of cell-and tissue-regenerating substances
JPS5936174A (ja) 1982-08-23 1984-02-28 Ricoh Co Ltd インクジエツト記録用水性インク
CA1208558A (en) * 1982-10-07 1986-07-29 Kazuo Kigasawa Soft buccal
JPS5980475A (ja) * 1982-10-29 1984-05-09 Ricoh Co Ltd 水性インキ組成物
DE3377506D1 (en) 1982-12-30 1988-09-01 Nordmark Arzneimittel Gmbh Process for obtaining pancreatin
US4508745A (en) 1982-12-30 1985-04-02 General Foods Corporation Production of a mannan oligomer hydrolysate
JPS59140860A (ja) * 1983-01-28 1984-08-13 Nippon Suisan Kaisha Ltd 魚翅類似食品を製造する方法及び装置
FR2548675B1 (fr) 1983-07-06 1987-01-09 Seppic Sa Compositions filmogenes pour enrobage des formes solides de produits pharmaceutiques ou alimentaires et produits obtenus revetus desdites compositions
US4576646A (en) * 1983-07-06 1986-03-18 Seppic Film-forming compositions for enveloping solid forms, particularly pharmaceutical or food products or seeds, and products obtained, coated with said compositions
DE3485339D1 (de) 1983-11-18 1992-01-23 Fujirebio Kk Verfahren zur messung eines biologischen ligands.
SE456911B (sv) 1983-12-19 1988-11-14 Olle Larm Vattenloeslig, aminerad beta-1,3-bunden d-glukan och makrofagstimulerande komposition innehaallande densamma
DE3567861D1 (en) 1984-02-23 1989-03-02 Basf Ag Process for the preparation of tetrahydrofuran
US4484012A (en) 1984-02-29 1984-11-20 General Foods Corporation Production of mannitol and higher manno-saccharide alcohols
JPH0757761B2 (ja) 1984-03-08 1995-06-21 株式会社林原生物化学研究所 β−グルカンとその製造方法及び用途
JPS60196195A (ja) * 1984-03-21 1985-10-04 Dainippon Seito Kk イ−ストグルカンの製造法
JPS60221063A (ja) * 1984-04-19 1985-11-05 Sugiyo:Kk えび肉様魚肉練製品
US4765992A (en) 1984-06-01 1988-08-23 Universite De Bordeaux Ii Stimulation of alcoholic fermentation by adsorption of toxic substances with cell walls
JPS60260517A (ja) 1984-06-08 1985-12-23 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd 食品及び薬剤用組成物
US4804545A (en) * 1984-08-10 1989-02-14 Barco, Inc. Production of beta-glucan, bran, protein, oil and maltose syrup from waxy barley
SE466289B (sv) * 1984-09-19 1992-01-27 James Hoffman Makrofagstimulerande komposition jaemte foerfarande foer dess framstaellning
JPS61101574A (ja) 1984-10-23 1986-05-20 Ricoh Co Ltd 水性インク
US5028703A (en) 1988-03-11 1991-07-02 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Glucan composition and process for preparation thereof
US5037972A (en) 1984-11-28 1991-08-06 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Glucan composition and process for preparation thereof
US4992540A (en) * 1984-11-28 1991-02-12 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Glucan composition and process for preparation thereof
US5082936A (en) * 1984-11-28 1992-01-21 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Glucan composition and process for preparation thereof
US5250436A (en) 1984-11-28 1993-10-05 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Glucan compositions and process for preparation thereof
US4810646A (en) * 1984-11-28 1989-03-07 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Glucan compositions and process for preparation thereof
FR2573656B1 (fr) 1984-11-29 1987-02-27 Sanofi Sa Medicament comportant en tant qu'association au moins une immunotoxine et au moins un polymere contenant du mannose
US4741907A (en) 1984-12-17 1988-05-03 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fresh dough and a method for producing the same
US4676976A (en) 1985-03-08 1987-06-30 Ajinomoto Co., Inc. Konjak mannan-containing reversible gel
US4806474A (en) * 1985-06-10 1989-02-21 Miles Inc. Preparation of mycelial chitosan and glucan fractions from microbial biomass
IT1190380B (it) 1985-06-21 1988-02-16 Consiglio Nazionale Ricerche Glucani funzionalizzati e reticolati,procedimento e intermedi di preparazione,loro usi
US4774093A (en) 1985-06-25 1988-09-27 Fmc Corporation Polysaccharide compositions, preparation and uses
US4818751A (en) 1985-07-02 1989-04-04 Zeria Shinyaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Cosmetics
US4739046A (en) 1985-08-19 1988-04-19 Luzio Nicholas R Di Soluble phosphorylated glucan
US4975421A (en) 1985-08-19 1990-12-04 Bioglucan, Lp. Soluble phosphorylated glucan: methods and compositions for wound healing
US4900722A (en) * 1985-08-19 1990-02-13 Bioglucans, L.P. Methods and compositions for prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of infections
US4759942A (en) 1985-09-19 1988-07-26 General Foods Corporation Process for producing high fiber expanded cereals
US4882160A (en) 1985-12-20 1989-11-21 Warner Lambert Co. Confectionery delivery system for dictary fiber
US4731248A (en) * 1986-02-18 1988-03-15 Ralston Purina Company Production of palatability enhancers from the autolysis of filamentous fungi
JPH0692441B2 (ja) 1986-03-03 1994-11-16 株式会社林原生物化学研究所 β−Ｄ−グルカンとその製造方法及び用途
US4859488A (en) 1987-09-15 1989-08-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Yakult Honsha Liquid food for curing constipation: polydextrose and oligosaccharide
JPS62232472A (ja) 1986-04-02 1987-10-12 Ricoh Co Ltd 水性インク組成物
JPS63112965A (ja) * 1986-06-09 1988-05-18 Takeda Chem Ind Ltd 酵母エキスの製造法
US4795653A (en) * 1986-06-16 1989-01-03 Bommarito Alexander A Dietary fiber and method of making
US5589591A (en) * 1986-07-03 1996-12-31 Advanced Magnetics, Inc. Endotoxin-free polysaccharides
US5554386A (en) 1986-07-03 1996-09-10 Advanced Magnetics, Inc. Delivery of therapeutic agents to receptors using polysaccharides
WO1988002991A1 (en) * 1986-10-22 1988-05-05 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Edible matter and method of producing the same
GR871692B (en) * 1986-11-14 1988-07-11 Npo Napitkov Mineral Vod Process for producing sparkling wines
FI75973C (fi) 1986-12-12 1988-09-09 Kemira Oy Foerfarande foer eliminering av mikrober i processvatten av pappersfabriker.
US4828845A (en) 1986-12-16 1989-05-09 Warner-Lambert Company Xylitol coated comestible and method of preparation
US4808419A (en) * 1987-02-02 1989-02-28 Hsu Edward J Automated method for a semi-solid fermentation used in the production of ancient quality rice vinegar and/or rice wine
US5185327A (en) * 1987-02-20 1993-02-09 Ajinomoto Company, Inc. Glucan derivatives having tumoricidal activity
US4942540A (en) 1987-03-02 1990-07-17 Wang Laboratories, Inc. Method an apparatus for specification of communication parameters
US4761405A (en) 1987-03-04 1988-08-02 Nova Pharmaceutical Corporation Antagonists of specific excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter receptors having increased potency
US4863746A (en) 1987-03-05 1989-09-05 Asahi Denka Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Proteinous material
US5356810A (en) * 1987-04-15 1994-10-18 Gist-Brocades N.V. Astaxanthin-producing yeast cells, methods for their preparation and their use
DK199887D0 (da) 1987-04-15 1987-04-15 Danisco Bioteknologi As Gaerstamme
US4798730A (en) * 1987-06-01 1989-01-17 General Foods Corporation Hydrolysis of a partially extracted roasted and ground coffee
US4871571A (en) 1987-06-30 1989-10-03 Novo Industri A/S Dietetic foodstuff containing low calorie bulking agent
JPS6423878A (en) * 1987-07-20 1989-01-26 Nippon Bussan Kk Agent for preventing denaturation of paste food
ATE70407T1 (de) 1987-10-09 1992-01-15 Governer Of Gunma Ken Behandelte fleischprodukte, die ein konjac mannan-gel enthalten und verfahren zu deren herstellung.
US5358731A (en) 1987-12-09 1994-10-25 Ajinomoto Co., Inc. Process for producing konjak mannan containing processed minced meat foods
JPH01165347A (ja) 1987-12-22 1989-06-29 Kibun Kk 果肉様ゼリー及びその製造方法
AU616928B2 (en) 1988-01-20 1991-11-14 Biodyn Ag Process for the production of sparkling wine
US5543302A (en) 1988-05-27 1996-08-06 Solvay Enzymes, Inc. Proteases of altered stability to autolytic degradation
AU614137B2 (en) 1988-06-06 1991-08-22 Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd. Stabilized fgf composition and production thereof
US4891220A (en) * 1988-07-14 1990-01-02 Immudyne, Inc. Method and composition for treating hyperlipidemia
US5506210A (en) 1988-08-19 1996-04-09 The Australian National University Phosphosugar-based anti-inflammatory and/or immunosuppressive drugs
US5690981A (en) 1988-08-23 1997-11-25 Ajinomoto Co., Inc. Low calorie foodstuff, aqueous paste composition, as well as production process thereof
US4962094A (en) 1988-10-28 1990-10-09 Alpha Beta Technology, Inc. Glucan dietary additives
US5116631A (en) 1988-12-26 1992-05-26 Ajinomoto Company, Inc. Low-calorie food products containing konjak mannan and processes for preparing the same
US4950749A (en) 1989-01-06 1990-08-21 The Standard Oil Company Recovery of glucan by employing a divalent cation at an alkaline pH
US5057503A (en) 1989-01-23 1991-10-15 The Brigham And Women's Hospital Derivativized polysaccharides with biologic activity, method of their isolation, and uses therefor
US5332667A (en) 1989-02-08 1994-07-26 Sapporo Breweries Limited Method for producing biologically active polysaccharide RON substance
US5189028A (en) * 1989-02-20 1993-02-23 Taito Co., Ltd. Composition and method to enhance the efficacy of a fish vaccine and to stimulate the immune system of fish
CA1330303C (en) 1989-02-20 1994-06-21 Libor Henry Nikl Composition and process to enhance the efficacy of a fish vaccine
US5084386A (en) * 1989-03-31 1992-01-28 Sri International Production of beta-1,3-glucan in euglena
US5008125A (en) 1989-04-17 1991-04-16 Kraft General Foods, Inc. Soluble coffee with aroma recovered from the thermal hydrolysis of spent grounds
JP2729833B2 (ja) 1989-05-10 1998-03-18 株式会社パイロット 耐水性を有するインキ組成物
US5032401A (en) 1989-06-15 1991-07-16 Alpha Beta Technology Glucan drug delivery system and adjuvant
US4978551A (en) 1989-08-08 1990-12-18 Sugiyo Co., Ltd. Simulated fish meat and method of producing same
US5165968A (en) 1989-08-17 1992-11-24 Hewlett-Packard Company Ink composition having rapid dry time and high print quality for plain paper printing
IT1232310B (it) 1989-09-04 1992-01-28 Consiglio Nazionale Ricerche Processo per la preparazione di un prodotto contenente glucano a partire da candida albicans bmm-12
JPH05503952A (ja) 1989-09-08 1993-06-24 アルファ　ベータ　テクノロジー，インコーポレイティッド 可溶性グルカン類の製造方法
WO1991003248A2 (en) 1989-09-08 1991-03-21 Alpha Beta Technology, Inc. Method for immune system activation
US5811542A (en) 1989-09-08 1998-09-22 Alpha-Beta Technology, Inc. Method for producing soluble glucans
US5622939A (en) 1992-08-21 1997-04-22 Alpha-Beta Technology, Inc. Glucan preparation
US5488040A (en) * 1989-09-08 1996-01-30 Alpha-Beta Technology, Inc. Use of neutral soluble glucan preparations to stimulate platelet production
US6020324A (en) * 1989-10-20 2000-02-01 The Collaborative Group, Ltd. Glucan dietary additives
US6143731A (en) 1989-10-20 2000-11-07 The Collaborative Group, Ltd. Glucan dietary additives
US5223491A (en) * 1989-11-09 1993-06-29 Donzis Byron A Method for revitalizing skin by applying topically water insoluble glucan
DE3939771A1 (de) 1989-12-01 1991-06-06 Behringwerke Ag Verfahren zur biologischen inaktivierung von nukleinsaeuren
US5468510A (en) 1989-12-11 1995-11-21 Danish Crown Inc. A/S Low calorie meat products
WO1991011116A1 (en) * 1990-02-01 1991-08-08 Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd. Production of yeast extract
US5194600A (en) * 1990-03-05 1993-03-16 Royal Institute For The Advancement Of Learning Genes which participate in β-glucan assembly and use thereof
FR2660317B1 (fr) 1990-03-27 1994-01-14 Seppic Produit filmogene destine a l'enrobage des formes solides; son procede de fabrication et produits revetus de ce produit.
ATE161395T1 (de) 1990-05-29 1998-01-15 Chemgen Corp Hemicellulasezusatz geeignet zum erhöhen des energiewirkungsgrads von hemicellulose enthaltenden nahrungsmitteln und tierfutter
CA2040374C (en) * 1990-07-06 1998-06-16 Gunnar Rorstad Process for enhancing the resistance of aquatic animals to disease
US5191016A (en) * 1990-07-19 1993-03-02 Manssur Yalpani Functionalized poly(hydroxyalkanoates) and method of manufacturing same
JP3122454B2 (ja) 1990-09-27 2001-01-09 生化学工業株式会社 カブトガニ・アメボサイト・ライセートの調製法
GB9022560D0 (en) 1990-10-17 1990-11-28 G B Biotechnology Limited Processing of waste
US6093552A (en) 1990-12-03 2000-07-25 Laine; Roger A. Diagnosis of fungal infections with a chitinase
AU1052492A (en) * 1991-01-31 1992-08-06 Farmitalia Carlo Erba S.R.L. Synergistic composition comprising a fibroblast growth factor and a sulfated polylsaccharide, for use as antiviral agent
JP3115625B2 (ja) 1991-03-30 2000-12-11 帝國製薬株式会社 リドカイン含有外用貼付剤
DE4110880C1 (zh) 1991-04-04 1992-12-03 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen, De
CA2069234A1 (en) 1991-05-24 1992-11-25 Akira Haze Method of purifying beta-1,3-glucans
JP3176418B2 (ja) 1991-06-29 2001-06-18 日本バイエルアグロケム株式会社 農園芸用殺菌剤
JP3034352B2 (ja) 1991-08-08 2000-04-17 生化学工業株式会社 安定な一重らせん構造の分子内架橋（１→３）−β−Ｄ−グルカン類及びその製造法
US5364462A (en) 1991-08-14 1994-11-15 Graphic Utilities, Incorporated Waterfast inks
US5378232A (en) * 1991-08-28 1995-01-03 Orion Therapeutic Systems, Inc. Injection/activation apparatus
US5158772A (en) 1991-09-23 1992-10-27 Davis Walter B Unique bacterial polysaccharide polymer gel in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and foods
US5273772A (en) 1991-10-25 1993-12-28 Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. Food compositions containing esterified alkoxylated polysaccharide fat substitutes
US5570015A (en) 1992-02-05 1996-10-29 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Linear positional displacement detector for detecting linear displacement of a permanent magnet as a change in direction of magnetic sensor unit
DE69311490T2 (de) 1992-03-04 1997-10-23 Nobuhisa Kawano Herstellung von diätfaser-enthaltenden Nahrungsmitteln
FR2688134B1 (fr) * 1992-03-05 1994-04-29 Oreal Composition cosmetique sous forme de poudre contenant un liant gras silicone.
US5458893A (en) 1992-03-06 1995-10-17 The Quaker Oats Company Process for treating water-soluble dietary fiber with beta-glucanase
GB9208371D0 (en) 1992-04-16 1992-06-03 Cpc International Inc Yeast debris products
US5545557A (en) 1993-04-15 1996-08-13 Cpc International Inc. Water insoluble coloring agent
IL105503A (en) 1992-04-28 1999-05-09 Astra Ab Carbon peptide couplets capable of eliciting an immune response of T cells
US6254869B1 (en) 1996-03-27 2001-07-03 The Regents Of The University Of California Cryptopain vaccines, antibodies, proteins, peptides, DNA and RNA for prophylaxis, treatment and diagnosis and for detection of cryptosporidium species
JP2766829B2 (ja) 1992-06-25 1998-06-18 株式会社スギヨ 一部ゲル化した親水性マンナンペースト状食品素材お よびその製造方法
US5387423A (en) * 1992-07-24 1995-02-07 Otsuka Foods Co., Ltd. Low calorie food material and method of manufacturing the same
US5428383A (en) * 1992-08-05 1995-06-27 Hewlett-Packard Corporation Method and apparatus for preventing color bleed in a multi-ink printing system
SE507207C2 (sv) 1992-10-21 1998-04-20 T & M Biopolymer Ab alpha-1,4-glukanlyas från alg, sätt att bryta ned terminala alpha-1,4-D-glukosidbindningar med sagda enzym samt nedbrytningsprodukten 1,5-anhydrofruktos och dess användning som läkemedel och som antioxidant
US5599697A (en) * 1992-12-14 1997-02-04 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. Method of producing β-1,3-glucan
US5387427A (en) * 1992-12-30 1995-02-07 Rhone-Poulenc Specialty Chemicals Co. Inlaid dairy products and processes
US6210677B1 (en) 1993-01-29 2001-04-03 Robert C. Bohannon Method to reduce the physiologic effects of drugs on mammals
ES2149867T3 (es) 1993-02-26 2000-11-16 Drug Delivery System Inst Ltd Derivados de polisacaridos y soportes para farmacos.
EP0700251A1 (en) * 1993-03-25 1996-03-13 Unilever N.V. Fat-reduced laminated doughs
US5342626A (en) 1993-04-27 1994-08-30 Merck & Co., Inc. Composition and process for gelatin-free soft capsules
US5773227A (en) 1993-06-23 1998-06-30 Molecular Probes, Inc. Bifunctional chelating polysaccharides
JP3204804B2 (ja) 1993-06-25 2001-09-04 日本特殊陶業株式会社 ダイヤモンドの選択形成法
JPH078177A (ja) 1993-06-28 1995-01-13 Nisshin Oil Mills Ltd:The 食肉様蛋白食品の製造方法
GB9313484D0 (en) 1993-06-30 1993-08-11 Univ Montfort Drug system ii
IT1264696B1 (it) 1993-07-09 1996-10-04 Applied Pharma Res Forme farmaceutiche destinate alla somministrazione orale in grado di rilasciare sostanze attive a velocita' controllata e differenziata
US5447505A (en) 1993-08-04 1995-09-05 Merocel Corporation Wound treatment method
PL177628B1 (pl) 1993-08-06 1999-12-31 As Biotec Mackzymal Kompozycja paszy zwierzęcej
US5519009A (en) 1993-10-01 1996-05-21 Donzis; Byron A. Solubilized yeast glucan
US5912153A (en) 1993-11-18 1999-06-15 Selitrennikoff; Claude P. (1,3) β-glucan synthase genes and inducible inhibition of fungal growth using the antisense constructs derived therefrom
IT1265240B1 (it) 1993-11-30 1996-10-31 Ekita Investments Nv Compressa farmaceutica a rilascio controllato, di forma lenticolare
US5958755A (en) 1993-12-01 1999-09-28 Cpc International Inc. Process of making flavored yeast extracts
AUPM322393A0 (en) * 1993-12-24 1994-01-27 Austin Research Institute, The Mucin carbohydrate compounds and their use in immunotherapy
US5518710A (en) 1994-01-11 1996-05-21 University Of Saskatchewan Methods for extracting cereal β-glucans
US5523088A (en) 1994-01-13 1996-06-04 University Of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. Inactivated avian polyomavirus vaccine in psittacine birds
US5747045A (en) 1994-01-13 1998-05-05 University Of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. Avian polyomavirus vaccine in psittacine birds
CA2141007C (en) 1994-02-01 1997-12-23 Naomichi Tai Batter, material for frying, freezing and microwave cooking and frozen fried material for microwave cooking
US6056981A (en) 1994-02-28 2000-05-02 Biozyme Systems Inc. Euphausiid harvesting and processing method and apparatus
US5519287A (en) 1994-03-21 1996-05-21 Goodale, Jr.; Garold J. Two terminal pulsed low voltage incandescent lamp dimmer with increased illuminating efficiency
US5462755A (en) 1994-03-25 1995-10-31 Kraft Foods, Inc. Flavor enhancement in cultured dairy products
US5595571A (en) * 1994-04-18 1997-01-21 Hancock Jaffe Laboratories Biological material pre-fixation treatment
EP0759073A1 (en) * 1994-05-11 1997-02-26 Novo Nordisk A/S AN ENZYME WITH ENDO-1,3(4)-$g(b)-GLUCANASE ACTIVITY
US5512287A (en) 1994-05-12 1996-04-30 Centennial Foods, Inc. Production of β-glucan and β-glucan product
US5888984A (en) * 1994-05-12 1999-03-30 Dermal Research Laboratories, Inc. Pharmaceutical composition of complex carbohydrates and essential oils and methods of using the same
US6488929B2 (en) 1994-05-23 2002-12-03 Montana State University Candida albicans phosphomannan complex as a vaccine
KR100473076B1 (ko) 1994-06-10 2005-09-02 가부시키가이샤 엔.티.티.도코모 수신기
GB9414045D0 (en) * 1994-07-12 1994-08-31 Berwind Pharma Service Moisture barrier film coating composition, method, and coated form
US5955072A (en) 1994-07-13 1999-09-21 Sankyo Company, Limited Expression systems utilizing autolyzing fusion proteins and a reducing polypeptide
US5622940A (en) 1994-07-14 1997-04-22 Alpha-Beta Technology Inhibition of infection-stimulated oral tissue destruction by β(1,3)-glucan
US6060429A (en) 1994-07-25 2000-05-09 State of Israel--Ministry of Agriculture Composition and method for controlling plant diseases caused by fungi
JP3240102B2 (ja) * 1994-08-11 2001-12-17 江崎グリコ株式会社 リン酸化糖とその製造方法
US6248566B1 (en) 1994-09-13 2001-06-19 Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd. Glucan having cyclic structure and method for producing the same
US6099876A (en) 1994-10-11 2000-08-08 Yissum Research Development Co. Of The Hebrew University Of Jerusalem Temperature-stable liquid cells
FR2726284B1 (fr) 1994-10-31 1996-12-27 Inst Oenologie Produit biologique pour la stabilisation physico-chimique d'un vin
US6548643B1 (en) 1994-11-16 2003-04-15 Austin Research Institute Antigen carbohydrate compounds and their use in immunotherapy
AUPN033894A0 (en) 1994-12-29 1995-01-27 Rowe, J.B. Prevention of adverse behaviour in humans and animals
US5989598A (en) 1995-01-26 1999-11-23 American Oats, Inc. Process for forming an oat-based frozen confection
US5576015A (en) 1995-03-02 1996-11-19 Donzis; Byron A. Substantially purified beta (1,3) finely ground yeast cell wall glucan composition with dermatological and nutritional uses
AUPN166195A0 (en) 1995-03-13 1995-04-06 Norvet Research Pty Limited Process for glucan extraction
US6214337B1 (en) 1995-04-18 2001-04-10 Biotec Asa Animal feeds comprising yeast glucan
JP3536187B2 (ja) * 1995-04-28 2004-06-07 株式会社スギヨ パテ状乃至ムース状風味をもつ低カロリー調理食品
US5976580A (en) 1995-06-07 1999-11-02 Novus International, Inc. Nutrient formulation and process for enhancing the health, livability, cumulative weight gain or feed efficiency in poultry and other animals
GB9512106D0 (en) * 1995-06-14 1995-08-09 Norsk Naeringsmiddelforskning Animal feed
US5785975A (en) 1995-06-26 1998-07-28 Research Triangle Pharmaceuticals Adjuvant compositions and vaccine formulations comprising same
US5827937A (en) 1995-07-17 1998-10-27 Q Med Ab Polysaccharide gel composition
US6117850A (en) 1995-08-28 2000-09-12 The Collaborative Group, Ltd. Mobilization of peripheral blood precursor cells by β(1,3)-glucan
ES2152039T5 (es) 1995-09-05 2005-09-01 Tetra Gmbh Agentes antiestres para animales acuaticos.
US5902796A (en) 1995-09-22 1999-05-11 Carrington Laboratories, Inc. Bioactive factors of aloe vera plants
US5614242A (en) * 1995-09-27 1997-03-25 Barkley Seed, Inc. Food ingredients derived from viscous barley grain and the process of making
JPH0984529A (ja) * 1995-09-27 1997-03-31 Kohjin Co Ltd 微生物由来のマンナンを含む家畜および家禽用飼料
US6488955B1 (en) 1996-02-09 2002-12-03 Nestec S.A. Nutrient composition for exercise
US6117641A (en) 1996-04-11 2000-09-12 Mitotix, Inc. Assays and reagents for identifying anti-fungal agents and uses related thereto
WO1997039114A1 (en) 1996-04-12 1997-10-23 Novo Nordisk A/S AN ENZYME WITH β-1,3-GLUCANASE ACTIVITY
US6090938A (en) 1996-05-01 2000-07-18 Collaborative Group, Ltd. Activation of signal transduction by underivatized, aqueous soluble . .beta(1-3)-Glucan
US6110692A (en) 1996-05-01 2000-08-29 The Collaborative Group, Ltd. Receptor for underivatized aqueous soluble β(1-3)-glucan
US6084092A (en) 1997-01-31 2000-07-04 The Collaborative Group, Ltd. β(1-3)-glucan diagnostic assays
US6228391B1 (en) 1996-05-02 2001-05-08 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Amidine derivatives and drug carriers comprising the same
GB9609474D0 (en) 1996-05-08 1996-07-10 Innovative Tech Ltd Hydrogels
US5773427A (en) 1996-05-31 1998-06-30 Day; Charles E. Prevention of fiber-induced intestinal gas production by chitosan
JP3687194B2 (ja) 1996-06-06 2005-08-24 味の素株式会社 水不溶性グルカンの精製方法
TW409058B (en) 1996-06-06 2000-10-21 Daiichi Seiyaku Co Method for preparation of a drug complex
DE69706298T2 (de) 1996-06-14 2002-06-13 Cabot Corp., Boston Modifizierte farbpigmente und diese enthaltende tintenstrahltinte
US5916029A (en) 1996-06-26 1999-06-29 Liphatech, Inc. Process for producing seeds coated with a microbial composition
DK1197216T3 (da) * 1996-07-19 2004-08-30 Mibelle Ag Cosmetics Farmaceutisk ellere kosmetisk sammensætning, der indholder polymere glucanetherderivater
US6929807B1 (en) 1996-08-09 2005-08-16 Mannatech, Inc. Compositions of plant carbohydrates as dietary supplements
NZ334018A (en) 1996-08-29 1999-06-29 Synthelabo Multilayered controlled release tablet comprising a layer of alfuzosin hydrochloride and at least one layer of hydrophillic polymers
WO1998009650A1 (fr) 1996-09-06 1998-03-12 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Preparations vaccinales
US6426201B1 (en) 1996-09-25 2002-07-30 Gracelinc Limited β-glucan products and extraction processes from cereals
US5716652A (en) * 1996-10-02 1998-02-10 Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company Coated chewing gum products and methods of manufacturing same
FR2754713B1 (fr) * 1996-10-22 1999-01-08 Roc Sa Utilisation de complexes pour la preparation de compositions pour le traitement des peaux sensibles, procede de preparation et compositions hypoallergeniques
US6020422A (en) * 1996-11-15 2000-02-01 Betzdearborn Inc. Aqueous dispersion polymers
ATE550429T1 (de) * 1996-11-20 2012-04-15 Crucell Holland Bv Adenovirus-zusammensetzungen erhältlich durch ein verbessertes produktions- und reinigungsverfahren
TW386941B (en) 1996-11-29 2000-04-11 Hayashibara Biochem Lab Inclusion packaged product and preparation of the same
US5753266A (en) 1996-12-03 1998-05-19 Youssefyeh; Parvin Safflower seed powder compositions for the treatment of rheumatoid based arthritic diseases
US6197952B1 (en) * 1996-12-18 2001-03-06 Barkley Seed, Inc. Long chained beta glucan isolates derived from viscous barley grain, and the process of making
EP0957936B1 (en) 1996-12-20 2006-10-04 MERCK & CO., INC. Formulations of recombinant papillomavirus vaccines
US5939129A (en) 1997-02-28 1999-08-17 Kawano; Nobuhisa Process for production of ground fish meat products or their analogues
US6255291B1 (en) 1997-03-04 2001-07-03 Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Composition and method for treating cancer and immunological disorders resulting in chronic conditions
AUPO556297A0 (en) 1997-03-11 1997-04-10 Australian National University, The Sulfated oligosaccharides having anticoagulant/ antithrombotic activity
US6465218B1 (en) 1997-04-08 2002-10-15 Japan Applied Microbiology Research Institute Co., Ltd. Biologically active substance and process of preparing the same
US6897046B2 (en) 1997-04-08 2005-05-24 Japan Applied Microbiology Research Institute Ltd. Process of preparing biologically active substance
SE522410C2 (sv) 1997-06-06 2004-02-10 Biotec Pharmacon Asa Beta 1-3-glukanderivat med immunomodulerande verkan
US6046323A (en) 1997-07-29 2000-04-04 The Collaborative Group, Ltd. Conformations of PPG-glucan
CA2268523C (en) 1997-08-15 2007-01-30 Unitika Ltd. Mannose-containing feed and process for producing the same
JP4071438B2 (ja) 1997-09-01 2008-04-02 生化学工業株式会社 真菌からの（１→３）−β−Ｄ−グルカンの調製法
US5980918A (en) * 1997-10-24 1999-11-09 Brennen Medical, Inc. β-D-glucan topical composition
US5932561A (en) 1997-10-24 1999-08-03 Rexall Sundown, Inc. Dietary composition with lipid binding properties for weight management and serum lipid reduction
US6036946A (en) 1997-12-24 2000-03-14 Shaklee Corporation Methods for protecting skin from damaging effects of ultraviolet light
US6143551A (en) 1997-12-29 2000-11-07 Schering Aktiengesellschaft Delivery of polypeptide-encoding plasmid DNA into the cytosol of macrophages by attenuated listeria suicide bacteria
JP4769357B2 (ja) * 1998-01-30 2011-09-07 ザ フォルジャーズ コーヒー カンパニー 低用量の固形物で食感およびフレーバ感の改良された飲料
US6673384B1 (en) * 1998-01-30 2004-01-06 The Procter & Gamble Co. Creamy mouthfeel agent for foods and beverages
TW427966B (en) 1998-03-02 2001-04-01 Hidekatsu Kawamoto Organic liquid nutrition source for plants and manufacturing method for same
ATE535154T1 (de) * 1998-03-12 2011-12-15 Vhsquared Ltd Produkten die inaktivierte hefen oder schimmel enthalten, die auf ihrer aussenoberfläche aktive antikörper haben
EP0954978B1 (en) 1998-03-12 2011-11-30 VHsquared Limited New products comprising inactivated yeasts or moulds provided with active antibodies
US6251877B1 (en) 1998-03-24 2001-06-26 Pacific Corporation Composition for external application containing a β-1,6-branched-β-1,3-glucan
US6365185B1 (en) 1998-03-26 2002-04-02 University Of Cincinnati Self-destructing, controlled release peroral drug delivery system
US6020016A (en) * 1998-04-01 2000-02-01 The J.M. Smucker Company Glucan containing beverage and method of making the same
DE19816070A1 (de) 1998-04-09 1999-10-14 Aventis Res & Tech Gmbh & Co Retardtablette hergestellt aus linearen wasserunlöslichen Polysacchariden
FR2777193B1 (fr) 1998-04-14 2001-06-08 Coletica Particule a groupement hydroxamique chelatante d'ions metalliques et leur utilisation en cosmetique ou en pharmacie
EP1073667A2 (en) 1998-04-28 2001-02-07 Galenica Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Polysaccharide-antigen conjugates
US6455083B1 (en) 1998-05-05 2002-09-24 Natural Polymer International Corporation Edible thermoplastic and nutritious pet chew
US6379725B1 (en) 1998-05-05 2002-04-30 Natural Polymer International Corporation Protein-based chewable pet toy
CA2331620A1 (en) 1998-05-11 1999-11-18 The Endowment For Research In Human Biology, Inc. Use of neomycin for treating angiogenesis-related diseases
US6284886B1 (en) 1998-05-27 2001-09-04 Ceapro Inc Cereal beta glucan compositions and methods of Formulation
JP3798913B2 (ja) 1998-07-31 2006-07-19 伊那食品工業株式会社 増粘用添加液
GB9817183D0 (en) 1998-08-06 1998-10-07 Unilever Plc Frozen low-fat food emulsions and processes therefor
GB9817182D0 (en) 1998-08-06 1998-10-07 Unilever Plc Low-fat food emulsions having controlled flavour release and processes therefor
DE19835767A1 (de) * 1998-08-07 2000-02-17 Kulicke Werner Michael Verfahren zur Gewinnung hochmolekularer biologisch aktiver immunmodulierender Polysaccharide aus Hefe Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
US6214376B1 (en) 1998-08-25 2001-04-10 Banner Pharmacaps, Inc. Non-gelatin substitutes for oral delivery capsules, their composition and process of manufacture
DE19839212C2 (de) 1998-08-28 2002-05-23 Celanese Ventures Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von sphärischen Nanopartikeln, die ganz oder teilweise aus mindestens einem wasserunlöslichen linearen Polysaccharid bestehen
DE19839216C1 (de) 1998-08-28 2000-01-20 Aventis Res & Tech Gmbh & Co Verfahren zur Herstellung von sphärischen Mikropartikeln, die ganz oder teilweise aus mindestens einem wasserunlöslichen Verzweigungen enthaltenden Polyglucan bestehen, sowie mit diesem Verfahren erhältliche Mikropartikel und die Verwendung
AU755283B2 (en) 1998-08-31 2002-12-05 Nof Corporation High-purity polysaccharide containing hydrophobic groups and process for producing the same
ES2321892T3 (es) * 1998-09-14 2009-06-12 Nabi Biopharmaceuticals Composiciones de beta-glucanos e inmunoglobulinas especificas.
AU6261999A (en) 1998-09-25 2000-04-17 Collaborative Group, Ltd., The Very high molecular weight beta-glucans
US6369216B1 (en) 1998-09-25 2002-04-09 Biopolymer Engineering Pharmaceutical, Inc. Very high molecular weight β-glucans
US6635275B1 (en) 1999-01-29 2003-10-21 Warner-Lambert Company Modified starch film compositions
DK1117802T3 (da) 1998-10-09 2010-05-25 Bayer Bioscience Gmbh Nukleinsyremolekyler, der koder for et forgreningsenzym fra bakterier af slægten Neisseria samt fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af alfa-1,6-forgrenede alfa-1,4-glucaner
CA2348007C (en) 1998-10-26 2008-10-07 Ceba A.B. Method for the isolation of a .beta.-glucan composition from oats and products made therefrom
NZ511506A (en) 1998-10-28 2004-02-27 Sankyo Co Remedies for bone metabolic errors comprising OCIF
US6287612B1 (en) 1998-12-01 2001-09-11 Nestec S.A. Liquid food products and package therefore
US6210686B1 (en) 1998-12-18 2001-04-03 Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Dietary supplement and method for lowering risk of heart disease
DE19860376A1 (de) * 1998-12-28 2000-07-06 Aventis Res & Tech Gmbh & Co Alpha-1,4 Glucanketten enthaltende Polysaccharide sowie Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
DE19860371A1 (de) 1998-12-28 2000-06-29 Aventis Res & Tech Gmbh & Co Kosmetische oder medizinische Zubereitung für die topische Anwendung
US6143883A (en) 1998-12-31 2000-11-07 Marlyn Nutraceuticals, Inc. Water-soluble low molecular weight beta-glucans for modulating immunological responses in mammalian system
US6159504A (en) 1999-01-11 2000-12-12 Kitii Corporation, Ltd. Core substance-containing calcium microparticles and methods for producing the same
AU2608800A (en) 1999-01-12 2000-08-01 Vito-Mannan Polysaccharide L.L.C. Method of isolating mucilaginous polysaccharides and uses thereof
US6083547A (en) 1999-01-14 2000-07-04 Conagra, Inc. Method for obtaining a high beta-glucan barley fraction
US6165994A (en) 1999-02-08 2000-12-26 Blue Ridge Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Methods for promoting the healing of cutaneous wounds and ulcers using compositions of α-D-glucans
US6485945B1 (en) 1999-02-17 2002-11-26 Nurture, Inc. Polysaccharide compositions and uses thereof
US6323338B1 (en) 1999-02-17 2001-11-27 Nurture, Inc. Method for concentrating β-glucan
WO2000050388A1 (en) 1999-02-24 2000-08-31 Sca Hygiene Products Zeist B.V. Process for producing nitrosonium ions
NZ334627A (en) * 1999-03-12 2002-07-26 Horticulture & Food Res Inst A therapeutic composition containing a therapeutic agent such as an anthelmintic and an antistress agent such as metyrapone or a nitric oxide promoter for increasing efficacy of therapeutic agents and animal growth
DE19911058B4 (de) * 1999-03-12 2004-09-30 Biotec Asa Verwendung von nanoskaligen wasserlöslichen β-(1,3)-Glucanen
AU3657100A (en) 1999-03-12 2000-10-04 Biotec Asa Use of water-soluble beta-(1,3) glucans as agents for producing therapeutic skintreatment agents
US6482632B1 (en) 1999-03-29 2002-11-19 Council Of Scientic And Industrial Research Bacteriophage, a process for the isolation thereof, and a universal growth medium useful in the process thereof
JP2001008636A (ja) 1999-06-30 2001-01-16 Tanabe Seiyaku Co Ltd 感染症防止用飼料組成物
US6448323B1 (en) 1999-07-09 2002-09-10 Bpsi Holdings, Inc. Film coatings and film coating compositions based on polyvinyl alcohol
DE60020716T2 (de) 1999-07-22 2005-12-15 Warner-Lambert Co. Llc Filmbildende zusammensetzungen aus pullulan
US6737089B2 (en) 1999-08-27 2004-05-18 Morinda, Inc. Morinda citrifolia (Noni) enhanced animal food product
US6541678B2 (en) 1999-09-27 2003-04-01 Brennen Medical, Inc. Immunostimulating coating for surgical devices
FI113938B (fi) 1999-10-13 2004-07-15 Suomen Viljava Oy Menetelmä beta-glukaanin suhteen rikastetun kauratuotteen valmistamiseksi sekä menetelmällä saatavan tuotteen käyttö
US6669771B2 (en) 1999-12-08 2003-12-30 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology Biodegradable resin compositions
US6811788B2 (en) 2000-01-19 2004-11-02 Baofa Yu Combinations and methods for treating neoplasms
US6669975B1 (en) 2000-02-03 2003-12-30 Mars Incorporated Customized dietary health maintenance system for pets
US7138519B2 (en) 2000-02-07 2006-11-21 Grante Seed Limited Process for extraction of β-glucan from cereals and products obtained therefrom
US6720015B2 (en) 2000-04-12 2004-04-13 Mid-America Commercialization Corporation Ready-to-eat nutritionally balanced food compositions having superior taste systems
US20030130205A1 (en) 2000-04-12 2003-07-10 Christian Samuel T. Novel pharmaceutical anti-infective agents containing carbohydrate moieties and methods of their preparation and use
US6899905B2 (en) 2000-04-12 2005-05-31 Mid-America Commercialization Corporation Tasty, ready-to-eat, nutritionally balanced food compositions
US6716462B2 (en) 2000-04-12 2004-04-06 Mid-America Commercialization Corporation Nutritionally balanced traditional snack foods
US6726943B2 (en) 2000-04-12 2004-04-27 Mid-America Commercialization Corporation Nutritionally balanced snack food compositions
US6846501B2 (en) * 2000-04-12 2005-01-25 Mid-America Commercialization Corporation Traditional snacks having balanced nutritional profiles
US6827954B2 (en) 2000-04-12 2004-12-07 Mid-America Commercialization Corporation Tasty, convenient, nutritionally balanced food compositions
EP1277413A4 (en) * 2000-04-24 2004-09-15 Ajinomoto Kk COMPOSITIONS FOR SEASONING, FOOD AND BEVERAGES CONTAINING THEM, AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE COMPOSITIONS
US6713459B1 (en) 2000-04-28 2004-03-30 East Tennessee State University Methods for the prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of cardiac tissue damage
ATE403717T1 (de) 2000-05-01 2008-08-15 Daiichi Sankyo Co Ltd Verfahren zum screening von auf zellwände wirkenden arzneistoffen
DE10022095B4 (de) 2000-05-08 2005-07-14 Südzucker AG Mannheim/Ochsenfurt Gel aus einem Poly-α-1,4-Glucan und Stärke
DE60108111T2 (de) 2000-05-22 2005-12-08 New York University Synthetische immunogene jedoch nicht amyloidogene peptide, die homolog zu amyloid beta sind und deren verwendung zur induktion einer immunantwort gegen amyloid beta und amyloidaggregate
US6486314B1 (en) 2000-05-25 2002-11-26 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Glucan incorporating 4-, 6-, and 4, 6- linked anhydroglucose units
US20040023923A1 (en) * 2000-07-03 2004-02-05 Morgan Keith Raymond Cold water soluble beta-glucan product and process for preparing the same
DK177997B1 (da) 2000-07-19 2015-02-23 Ed Geistlich Söhne Ag Für Chemische Ind Knoglemateriale og collagenkombination til opheling af beskadigede led
CA2418030C (en) * 2000-08-03 2010-10-26 Martin Sauter Isolation of glucan particles and uses thereof
US6426077B1 (en) 2000-08-04 2002-07-30 Indoor Tennis Consultants, Inc. Food product for health, nutrition and weight management
US6365176B1 (en) 2000-08-08 2002-04-02 Functional Foods, Inc. Nutritional supplement for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for lipodystrophy
ATE324372T1 (de) 2000-08-14 2006-05-15 Ortho Mcneil Pharm Inc Substituierte pyrazole
US6569475B2 (en) 2000-10-06 2003-05-27 Jae-Mahn Song Process for mycelial culture using grain
US6476003B1 (en) 2000-11-06 2002-11-05 Immusonic, Inc. Method for preparing small particle size glucan in a dry material
US20040127458A1 (en) 2000-11-06 2004-07-01 Hunter Kenneth W. Beta-glucan containing compositions, methods for manufacturing beta-glucans, and for manufacturing and using beta-glucans and conjugates thereof as vaccine adjuvants
US6531178B2 (en) 2000-12-08 2003-03-11 Quaker Oats/Rhone-Poulenc Partnership β-glucan process, additive and food product
AU2002221934A1 (en) 2000-12-16 2002-06-24 Aventis Pharma Deutschland Gmbh Health promoting compositions
JP2002209598A (ja) * 2001-01-15 2002-07-30 Kirin Brewery Co Ltd 酵母由来可溶性多糖
US7507724B2 (en) 2001-01-16 2009-03-24 Sloan-Kettering Institute For Cancer Research Therapy-enhancing glucan
AUPR272901A0 (en) * 2001-01-25 2001-02-22 Gainful Plan Limited Method of preparing biological materials and preparations produced using same
AU2002233639B2 (en) 2001-02-15 2007-03-01 Adeka Corporation Products containing $G(b)-glucan
US6927059B2 (en) 2001-03-06 2005-08-09 Trustees Of Dartmouth College Compositions and methods for identifying agents which regulate autolytic processes in bacteria
ATE435300T1 (de) 2001-04-05 2009-07-15 Fuji Oil Co Ltd Mannose enthaltendes palmkernmehl
US6835214B2 (en) 2001-06-18 2004-12-28 Japan Storage Battery Co., Ltd. Process for the production of non-aqueous electrolyte battery
JP2003000197A (ja) * 2001-06-22 2003-01-07 Morinaga & Co Ltd 酵母由来多糖類含有組成物及びその製造方法
US6939864B1 (en) 2001-07-09 2005-09-06 Purdue Research Foundation Animal feed compositions and methods of using the same
US7786094B2 (en) 2001-10-09 2010-08-31 Biopolymer Engineering, Inc. Use of beta-glucans against biological warfare weapons and pathogens including anthrax
US6706305B2 (en) 2001-10-31 2004-03-16 Conagra Foods Inc. Low glycemic index bread
US6899892B2 (en) 2001-12-19 2005-05-31 Regents Of The University Of Minnesota Methods to reduce body fat
US6835558B2 (en) 2002-02-04 2004-12-28 General Mills, Inc. Beta-glucan compositions and process therefore
FR2836333B1 (fr) 2002-02-25 2004-07-02 Seppic Sa Procede de coloration de dragees, composition mise en oeuvre
DE10222358A1 (de) 2002-05-21 2003-12-11 Nutrinova Gmbh ß-Glucanhaltiges Sorbinsäurepräparat als Futtermittelzusatz in der Nutztieraufzucht
US7186385B2 (en) * 2002-07-17 2007-03-06 Applied Materials, Inc. Apparatus for providing gas to a processing chamber
WO2004014320A2 (en) 2002-08-13 2004-02-19 Biopolymer Engineering, Inc. Methods of using beta glucan as a radioprotective agent
JP2004099580A (ja) * 2002-09-05 2004-04-02 San Baiorekkusu:Kk 免疫増強組成物並びにそれを含有する哺乳類、魚類用飼料
US7018986B2 (en) 2002-09-20 2006-03-28 Immudyne Use of beta glucans for the treatment of osteoporosis and other diseases of bone resorption
US6824810B2 (en) 2002-10-01 2004-11-30 The Procter & Gamble Co. Creamer compositions and methods of making and using the same
WO2004086878A2 (en) 2003-04-02 2004-10-14 Cargill, Incorporated Improved dietary fiber containing materials comprising low molecular weight glucan
US20050058671A1 (en) 2003-05-09 2005-03-17 Bedding Peter M.J. Dietary supplement and method for treating digestive system-related disorders
US7988989B2 (en) * 2003-05-09 2011-08-02 Freedom Health, Llc Nutritional product for enhancing growth and/or strengthening the immune system of equine foals
KR100491186B1 (ko) 2003-09-29 2005-05-25 (주)에이치케이바이오텍 아가리쿠스 버섯균사체 액체배양법에 의해 생성된이소플라본-베타디글루칸 및 그의 제조방법
EP1677613B1 (en) 2003-10-30 2012-05-30 Arla Foods Amba Stabilisers useful in low fat spread production
US6936598B2 (en) 2003-11-21 2005-08-30 Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. Composition and method
WO2005078114A1 (ja) * 2004-02-13 2005-08-25 Alpron Co., Ltd. 酵母由来グルカンの製造方法
JP2006037016A (ja) * 2004-07-29 2006-02-09 Shiriusu:Kk 鹿角霊芝からのβ−グルカン抽出法
US20050020490A1 (en) * 2004-10-18 2005-01-27 Progressive Bioactives Incorporated A Method of Producing an Economical and Ecologically Sound Natural Immunobiotic Extract for Use as a Health Management Instrument and a Replacement for Growth Promotion Antibiotics in Livestock and Companion Animals.
JP4570949B2 (ja) * 2004-12-13 2010-10-27 株式会社アルプロン 酵母由来グルカンの製造方法
JP4777365B2 (ja) * 2005-02-15 2011-09-21 シャーウッド エル． ゴルバック プロバイオティクスおよび単離されたβ−グルカンを含有する食物ならびにその使用方法
US20080194517A1 (en) * 2007-02-09 2008-08-14 L.C.M. Equine Nutraceuticals, Inc. Equine or canine immunomodulating composition and treatment method

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1192247A (zh) * 1995-07-05 1998-09-02 卡尔顿和联合酿酒有限公司 通过在一定的pH,温度和时间条件下使细胞自体溶解生产β－葡聚糖－甘露聚糖制剂
WO2004054166A2 (en) * 2002-12-10 2004-06-24 Pacile Antonio Publishing refuse certification

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MD4329C1 (ro) * 2013-10-30 2015-09-30 Институт Микробиологии И Биотехнологии Академии Наук Молдовы Procedeu de cultivare a tulpinii de levuri Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNMN-Y-20

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2912012C (en) 2018-05-29
CA2607004C (en) 2016-01-26
CA2912012A1 (en) 2006-11-16
US20060263415A1 (en) 2006-11-23
BRPI0611535A8 (pt) 2017-03-28
US20100190872A1 (en) 2010-07-29
BRPI0611535B1 (pt) 2021-11-30
JP5296531B2 (ja) 2013-09-25
US8753668B2 (en) 2014-06-17
CA2607004A1 (en) 2006-11-16
WO2006121803A1 (en) 2006-11-16
MX2007013725A (es) 2008-04-09
CN101184780A (zh) 2008-05-21
EP1877447B1 (en) 2016-12-21
EP1877447A1 (en) 2008-01-16
JP2008541700A (ja) 2008-11-27
BRPI0611535A2 (pt) 2010-09-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101184780B (zh) β-葡聚糖和甘露聚糖的制备
CN102257011B (zh) 通过酵母细胞的碱水解和酸水解生产包含葡聚糖和甘露聚糖的糖类组合物
Castillo et al. Microbial production of scleroglucan and downstream processing
US9708634B2 (en) Process for making chitin derivatives
EP2272876B1 (en) Glucan and mannan, their preparation method and use
CN102028091B (zh) 一种纳豆菌发酵法制备低分子鱼肽的方法
CN102583776A (zh) 一种改良养殖水体环境的复合菌酶制剂及制备方法
Amado et al. Mussel processing wastewater: a low-cost substrate for the production of astaxanthin by Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous
CN101360829A (zh) 用于发酵和培养的方法、植物发酵提取物、植物发酵提取物组合物、用于制备脂多糖的方法和脂多糖
EP3266863B1 (en) Composition substantially consisting of yeast cell walls and process for the preparation thereof
CN100433991C (zh) 生产营养添加剂的方法,一种添加剂及其应用
CN103704830A (zh) 纳豆菌发酵法制备低分子人参皂苷肽的方法
CN106635843B (zh) 发酵培养基、菌糠发酵菌剂及发酵方法
CN103621762A (zh) 一种纳豆菌发酵法制备低分子牡蛎肽的方法
Setyahadi et al. Chitin extraction fermentation Penaeus vannamei shell wastes with high density cell by recycle culture cells
CN102329741B (zh) 一种混合固体发酵生产饲用红酵母的方法
Zhursinali et al. Biologically Active Substances of Fungus Aspergillus Niger
Jabeur et al. Research Article Statistical Experimental Design Optimization of Microbial Proteases Production under Co-Culture Conditions for Chitin Recovery from Speckled Shrimp Metapenaeus monoceros By-Product
CN111466569A (zh) 一种南极磷虾油可食用营养品
KR20000073415A (ko) 음식물 찌꺼기 또는 농축산 부산물로부터 키토산을 생산하는 방
CN112753847A (zh) 一种丰年虫酶浆及其制备方法
CN108159088A (zh) 用于曲类中药接种发酵的经无害化处理的原生态菌种制备方法
Prieto Lage et al. An environmental management industrial solution for the treatment and reuse of mussel wastewaters
Alper Production and isolation of fungal chitosan by submerged fermentation
NZ718424B2 (en) Process for making chitin derivatives

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant