JP6306107B2 - スピロジヒドロアクリジンおよび有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子のための材料としてのそれの使用 - Google Patents
スピロジヒドロアクリジンおよび有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子のための材料としてのそれの使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6306107B2 JP6306107B2 JP2016160040A JP2016160040A JP6306107B2 JP 6306107 B2 JP6306107 B2 JP 6306107B2 JP 2016160040 A JP2016160040 A JP 2016160040A JP 2016160040 A JP2016160040 A JP 2016160040A JP 6306107 B2 JP6306107 B2 JP 6306107B2
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 12
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
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- 125000001637 1-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
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- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
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- LXNAVEXFUKBNMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(II) acetate Substances [Pd].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O LXNAVEXFUKBNMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 0 C*C(C)(*)/C1=*\CC/*=P/C(/C(C)(C)N)=N1 Chemical compound C*C(C)(*)/C1=*\CC/*=P/C(/C(C)(C)N)=N1 0.000 description 4
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- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C21 IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003652 trifluoroethoxy group Chemical group FC(CO*)(F)F 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000404 tripotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019798 tripotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- COIOYMYWGDAQPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)C1=CC=CC=C1C COIOYMYWGDAQPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002061 vacuum sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C07D491/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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- C07D491/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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- C07D491/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
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- C07D491/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings
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- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6561—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom containing systems of two or more relevant hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring or ring system, with or without other non-condensed hetero rings
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Description
本発明の目的は、蛍光もしくは燐光OLED、特に、たとえば、マトリックス材料としてまたは正孔輸送/電子ブロック材料としてまたは励起子ブロック材料としてのみならず正孔ブロック材料、蛍光エミッターのためのマトリックスまたは蛍光エミッターとしての使用に適している化合物を提供することである。本発明のさらなる目的は、当業者に対してOLED製造においてより大きな選択を促進するために、有機エレクトロルミッセンス素子のためのさらなる有機半導体を提供することである。
Yは、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、O、S、Se、BR1、C(R1)2、Si(R1)2、PR1、P(=O)(R1)、C(R1)2-C(R1)2、CR1=CR1またはオルト位を介して結合し、1以上の基R1により置換されてよいベンゼン基であり;
Xは、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、CR2もしくはNであるか、または、二個の隣接するXは、S、OもしくはNR2であって、五員環を生じるか、または、以下の式(4)もしくは(5)の基であり、
ここで、Xは、基ArまたはLが、式(2)または(3)中のこの基Xに結合するならば、Cであり;
Vは、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、C(R2)2、NR2、OまたはSであり;
Zは、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、CR2またはNであり;
Arは、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、1以上の基R3により置換されてよい5〜40個の芳香族環原子を有する芳香族もしくは複素環式芳香族環構造であり;基Arとこの場合にCである隣接基Xは、単結合またはC(R3)2、NR2、OもしくはSから選ばれる二価基により互いにブリッジしてもよく;
Lは、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、単結合または二価基であり;
R1、R2、R3は、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、H、D、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、N(Ar1)2、N(R4)2、C(=O)Ar1、C(=O)R4、P(=O)(Ar1)2、1〜40個のC原子を有する直鎖アルキル、アルコキシもしくはチオアルキル基、3〜40個のC原子を有する分岐あるいは環状アルキル、アルコキシもしくはチオアルキル基、2〜40個のC原子を有するアルケニルもしくはアルキニル基(夫々は、1以上の基R4により置換されてよく、1以上の隣接しないCH2基は、R4C=CR4、C≡C、Si(R4)2、C=O、C=S、C=NR4、P(=O)(R4)、SO、SO2、NR4、O、SもしくはCONR4で置き代えられてよく、ここで、1以上のH原子は、D、F、Cl、Br、I、CNもしくはNO2で置き代えられてよい。)または、各場合に、1以上の基R4により置換されてよい5〜60個の芳香族環原子を有する芳香族もしくは複素環式芳香族環構造、1以上の基R4で置換されてよい5〜60個の芳香族環原子を有するアリールオキシもしくはヘテロアリールオキシ基より成る群から選ばれ;ここで、2個以上の隣接する置換基R1またはR3は、一以上の置換基R4により置換されてよいモノ環状あるいはポリ環状の脂肪族、芳香族もしくは複素環式芳香族環構造を随意に形成してもよく;
R4は、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、H、D、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、N(Ar1)2、N(R5)2、C(=O)Ar1、C(=O)R5、P(=O)(Ar1)2、1〜40個のC原子を有する直鎖アルキル、アルコキシもしくはチオアルキル基、3〜40個のC原子を有する分岐あるいは環状アルキル、アルコキシもしくはチオアルキル基、2〜40個のC原子を有するアルケニルもしくはアルキニル基(夫々は、1以上の基R5により置換されてよく、1以上の隣接しないCH2基は、R5C=CR5、C≡C、Si(R5)2、C=O、C=S、C=NR5、P(=O)(R5)、SO、SO2、NR5、O、SもしくはCONR5で置き代えられてよく、ここで、1以上のH原子は、D、F、Cl、Br、I、CNもしくはNO2で置き代えられてよい。)または、各場合に、1以上の基R5により置換されてよい5〜60個の芳香族環原子を有する芳香族もしくは複素環式芳香族環構造、1以上の基R5で置換されてよい5〜60個の芳香族環原子を有するアリールオキシもしくはヘテロアリールオキシ基、またはこれらの構造の組み合わせより成る群から選ばれ;ここで、2個以上の隣接する置換基R4は、一以上の置換基R5により置換されてよいモノ環状あるいはポリ環状の脂肪族環構造を随意に形成してもよく;
Ar1は、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、1以上の非芳香族基R5により置換されてよい5〜30個の芳香族環原子を有する芳香族もしくは複素環式芳香族環構造であって;ここで、同じN原子もしくはP原子に結合する2個の基Ar1は、単結合により、またはN(R5)、C(R5)2、OもしくはSから選ばれるブリッジにより、互いに架橋されてもよく;
R5は、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、H、D、F、CN、1〜20個のC原子を有する脂肪族炭化水素基、5〜30個の芳香族環原子を有する芳香族もしくは複素環式芳香族環構造であって、ここで、1以上のH原子は、D、F、Cl、Br、IもしくはCNで置き代えられてよく、ここで、2個以上の隣接する置換基R2は、モノ-あるいはポリ環状の脂肪族環構造を互いに形成してもよく;
mは、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、0または1であり;
nは、0、1、2、3、4または5であり;
pは、0または1である。
Aは、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、CR4またはNであり、ただし、一個の基A、二個の基Aもしくは三個の基Aは、Nであり;
Ar2は、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、1以上の基R4により置換されてよい5〜16個のC原子を有する二価の芳香族もしくは複素環式芳香族環構造であって;
ここで、式(13)、(15)もしくは(16)の基が、Arで、式(17)〜(19)の場合ならば、R4は、R3により置き代えられる。
Eは、C(R4)2、NR4、OまたはSより成る基から選ばれ;
Gは、NR4、OまたはSより成る基から選ばれ;および
式(35)〜(49)の基がArであるならば、R4は、R3により置き代えられる。
上記に言及された態様の好ましい化合物の例は、以下の構造の化合物である。
b)遷移金属触媒カップリング反応による置換基の導入。
本発明による化合物の結合に応じて、これは、オリゴマーもしくはポリマーの側鎖を生成するか、または主鎖中で結合するか、デンドリマーのコアを形成する。ポリマー、オリゴマーまたはデンドリマーは、共役、部分共役もしくは非共役であってよい。オリゴマーまたはポリマーは、直鎖、分岐鎖もしくは樹状であってよい。上記記載したとおりの同じ選好が、オリゴマー、デンドリマーおよびポリマー中の本発明による化合物の繰り返し単位にあてはまる。
したがって、本発明の化合物は、また、燐光金属錯体に直接、または他の金属錯体にも結合することもできる。
化合物が電子輸送材料として使用されるならば、化合物は、たとえば、LiQ(リチウムヒドロキシキノリナート)等のアルカリ金属錯体でドープされることが好ましいかもしれない。
たとえば、適切な置換により得られた可溶性の化合物が、この目的のために必要である。
以下の合成は、他に断らない限り、保護ガス雰囲気下、無水溶媒中で行われる。溶媒と試薬は、アルドリッチ(ALDRICH)またはABCRから購入することができる。商業的に入手できない出発材料の場合に示される括弧内の番号は、対応するCAS番号である。
冷却後、ジクロロメタンは真空除去され、ペースト状残留物はメタノールで500mlにされ、45℃でさらに1時間攪拌され、結晶固形物は、吸引ろ過され、100mlのメタノールでその度毎に二度洗浄され、真空乾燥される。収率:87.0g(140ミリモル)、93%;NMRによる純度約99.5%。
スズキカップリング:Ex.14と同じ手順。バッチは、47.1g(48ミリモル)の3,6-ジブロモ-10-フェニルスピロ[アクリジン-9(10H),9’-(ビス-2,7-ジフェニルホスフィノ)キサンテン] 、工程b)と17.0g(125ミリモル)の2-トリルボロン酸[16419-60-6]。収率:17.0g(17ミリモル)、35%;純度:HPLCにより>99.9%。
Ex.6と同じ手順。バッチは、18.0g(30ミリモル)の(2-ブロモフェニル)-(6, 6,12,12-テトラメチル-6,12-ジヒドロインデノ[1,2-b]フルオレン-2イル)-(2,4,6-トリメチルフェニル)アミン、工程b)。DMFからの四度の再結晶化と二度の分別昇華(pは、約10−6mbar、T=300−320℃)による精製。収率:6.3g(9ミリモル)、30%、純度:HPLCにより>99.9%。
本発明によるOLEDと先行技術にしたがうOLEDが、WO 2004/058911にしたがう一般的プロセスにより製造されるが、ここに記載される状況(層の厚さの変化、材料)に適合される。
OLEDは、基本的に、次の層構造を有する:基板/随意に、正孔注入層(HIL)/正孔輸送層(HTL)/中間層1(IL)/正孔輸送層(HTL2)/電子ブロック層(EBL)/発光層(EML)/電子輸送層(ETL)/随意に、電子注入層(EIL)および最後にカソード。カソードは、100nm厚のアルミニウム層により形成される。OLEDの正確な構造は、表に示される。
p-ドープされた正孔輸送構造をもつOLEDは、次の層構造を有する:基板/正孔注入層(HIL1、20nm)/正孔輸送層(HTL3,青色一重項エミッターをもつ素子に対して140nmまたは緑色もしくは黄色三重項エミッターをもつ素子に対して190nm)/正孔輸送層(本発明によるHTL、NovaledからのNPD-9(3%)でドープ、20nm)/正孔輸送層(本発明によるHTL、20nm)/発光層(EML、20nmまたは40nm、表参照)/正孔ブロック層(HBL、青色三重項素子の場合、10nm、表参照)/電子輸送層(ETL、30nm)/随意に、電子注入層(EIL)および最後にカソード。カソードは、100nm厚のアルミニウム層により形成される。OLEDの正確な構造と結果は、表5〜8に示される。OLEDの製造のために必要とされる材料は、表12に示される。
次の層構造を有する白色発光OLEDが、一般的プロセスにより製造される:基板/正孔注入層(HIL1、20nm)/正孔輸送層(HIL3,40nm)/正孔輸送層(本発明によるHTL、NovaledからのNPD-9(3%)でドープ、20nm)/正孔輸送層(本発明によるHTL、200nm)/発光層(EML、表参照)/正孔ブロック層(HBL、10nm、表参照)/電子輸送層(ETL、30nm)/随意に、電子注入層(EIL)および最後にカソード。カソードは、100nm厚のアルミニウム層により形成される。OLEDの正確な構造と結果は、表9と10に示される。OLEDの製造のために必要とされる材料は、表12に示される。
本発明の化合物は、また、溶液から加工することができ、真空加工OLEDと比べて、顕著により単純な加工であるが、良好な特性を持つOLEDをもたらす。この型の素子の製造は、ポリマー発光ダイオード(PLED)を基礎としており、文献(たとえば、WO 2004/037887 A2)に何度も既に記載されてきた。
最後に、正孔ブロック層と次いで電子輸送層と次いでカソード(たとえば、AlまたはLiF/Al)を、随意に真空気相堆積により適用することができる。素子を空気と周囲湿度から保護するために、素子は、最後に、密封され、次いで、特性決定される。所与のOLED例は、未だ特性決定されておらず、表11は得られたデータを要約する。
Claims (13)
- 式(1)の化合物。
Yは、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、C(R1) 2 またはオルト位を介して結合するベンゼン基であり;
Xは、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、CR 2 であり、
Arは、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、1以上の基R3により置換されてよい6〜40個の芳香族環原子を有する芳香族環構造であり;
R1は、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、1〜5個のC原子を有する直鎖アルキル基、3〜10個のC原子を有する分岐あるいは環状アルキル基(ここで、1以上のH原子は、DもしくはFで置き代えられてよい。)または、各場合に、1以上の基R4により置換されてよい6〜18個の芳香族環原子を有する芳香族環構造であり;
R2、R3は、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、H、F、1〜5個のC原子を有する直鎖アルキル基、3〜10個のC原子を有する分岐あるいは環状アルキル基(ここで、1以上のH原子は、DもしくはFで置き代えられてよい。)または、各場合に、1以上の基R4により置換されてよい6〜18個の芳香族環原子を有する芳香族環構造であり;
少なくとも一つの基R 2 は、6〜18個の芳香族環原子を有する芳香族環構造から選ばれ;
R4は、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、H、F、1〜40個のC原子を有する直鎖アルキル基、3〜40個のC原子を有する分岐あるいは環状アルキル基または6〜60個の芳香族環原子を有する芳香族環構造であり;
mは、0であり;
nは、0である。) - Yは、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、C(R1)2であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の化合物。
- 全ての基Yが同一に選ばれることを特徴とする、請求項1または2記載の化合物。
- Arは、各場合に、1以上の基R3により置換されてよい6〜24個の芳香族環原子を有する芳香族環構造から選ばれることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4何れか1項記載の化合物。
- Arは、各場合に、それぞれ1以上の基R3により置換されてよいベンゼン、オルト-、メタ-もしくはパラ-ビフェニル、オルト-、メタ-、パラ-もしくは分岐テルフェニル、オルト-、メタ-、パラ-もしくは分岐クアテルフェニル、1-もしくは2-ナフチルもしくは二もしくは三個のこれらの組み合わせから選ばれることを特徴とする、請求項5記載の化合物。
- 以下の反応工程を含む、請求項1〜6何れか1項記載の化合物の製造方法:
a)ハロゲン化骨格の構築;および
b)遷移金属触媒カップリング反応による置換基の導入。 - 一以上の結合が、化合物からポリマー、オリゴマーまたはデンドリマーへと存在する、請求項1〜6何れか1項記載の一以上の化合物を含む、オリゴマー、ポリマーまたはデンドリマー。
- 請求項1〜6何れか1項記載の化合物または請求項8記載のオリゴマー、ポリマーまたはデンドリマーの、電子素子での使用。
- 電子素子が、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子である請求項9記載の使用。
- 請求項1〜6何れか1項記載の化合物または請求項9記載のオリゴマー、ポリマーまたはデンドリマーを含む電子素子。
- 電子素子は、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、有機集積回路、有機電界効果トランジスタ、有機薄膜トランジスタ、有機発光トランジスタ、有機太陽電池、染料増感性有機太陽電池、有機光学検査器、有機光受容器、有機電場消光素子、発光電子化学電池、有機レーザーダイオードおよび有機プラスモン発光素子より成る群から選ばれる、請求項11記載の電子素子。
- 請求項1〜6何れか1項記載の化合物または請求項8記載のオリゴマー、ポリマーまたはデンドリマーが、蛍光もしくは燐光エミッターのためのマトリックス材料としておよび/または蛍光エミッターとしておよび/または電子ブロック層もしくは励起子ブロック層中でおよび/または正孔輸送中でおよび/または正孔ブロック層中でおよび/または電子輸送層中でおよび/または光学的アウトカップリング層中で、使用されることを特徴とする、請求項11または12記載の電子素子。
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JP2017031152A (ja) | 2017-02-09 |
KR20210124523A (ko) | 2021-10-14 |
CN103946215A (zh) | 2014-07-23 |
US20140316134A1 (en) | 2014-10-23 |
CN103946215B (zh) | 2016-09-28 |
JP6081473B2 (ja) | 2017-02-15 |
WO2013083216A1 (de) | 2013-06-13 |
JP2015505819A (ja) | 2015-02-26 |
KR20140096372A (ko) | 2014-08-05 |
KR102115018B1 (ko) | 2020-05-26 |
US10305040B2 (en) | 2019-05-28 |
EP2780325A1 (de) | 2014-09-24 |
EP2780325B1 (de) | 2016-02-03 |
KR102310368B1 (ko) | 2021-10-07 |
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