JP5945567B2 - Toll様受容体のモジュレーター - Google Patents
Toll様受容体のモジュレーター Download PDFInfo
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- JP5945567B2 JP5945567B2 JP2014139372A JP2014139372A JP5945567B2 JP 5945567 B2 JP5945567 B2 JP 5945567B2 JP 2014139372 A JP2014139372 A JP 2014139372A JP 2014139372 A JP2014139372 A JP 2014139372A JP 5945567 B2 JP5945567 B2 JP 5945567B2
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- Prior art keywords
- substituted
- heterocyclyl
- formula
- compound
- alkyl
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- 125000001834 xanthenyl group Chemical group C1=CC=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3C(C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 229940087450 zerit Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940052255 ziagen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004933 β-carbolinyl group Chemical group C1(=NC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
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Description
構造上関連するプテリジン−6,7−ジオンは、Breault et al., Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2008,18,6100−6103により開示されている。構造上関連するプリンオンは、欧州特許出願公開1939201A1号、国際公開第2006/117670A1号、および国際公開第2008/101867A1号に開示されている。
(項目1)
式IIの化合物:
または薬学的に許容されるその塩またはエステル(式中、
Y〜Zは、−CR4R5−、−CR4R5−CR4R5−、−C(O)CR4R5−、−CR4R5C(O)−、−NR8C(O)−、−C(O)NR8−、−CR4R5S(O)2−、または−CR5=CR5−であり、
L1は、−NR8−、−O−、−S−、−N(R8)C(O)−、−S(O)2−、−S(O)−、−C(O)N(R8)−、−N(R8)S(O)2−、−S(O)2N(R8)−または共有結合であり、
R1は、アルキル、置換アルキル、ハロアルキル、アルケニル、置換アルケニル、アルキニル、置換アルキニル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、カルボシクリル、置換カルボシクリル、カルボシクリルアルキル、置換カルボシクリルアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、置換ヘテロシクリル、ヘテロシクリルアルキル、または置換ヘテロシクリルアルキル、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキル、カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、アリールヘテロアルキル、置換アリールヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキル、または置換ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキルであり、
X1は、アルキレン、置換アルキレン、ヘテロアルキレン、置換ヘテロアルキレン、アルケニレン、置換アルケニレン、アルキニレン、置換アルキニレン、カルボシクリレン、置換カルボシクリレン、ヘテロシクリレン、置換ヘテロシクリレン、−NR8−、−O−、−C(O)−、−S(O)−、S(O)2−、または結合であり、
Dは、カルボシクリル、置換カルボシクリル、ヘテロシクリルもしくは置換ヘテロシクリルであり、該カルボシクリル、置換カルボシクリル、ヘテロシクリルもしくは置換ヘテロシクリルは、1もしくは2つの−L2−NR6R7で置換されているか、または
Dは、ヘテロシクリル、置換ヘテロシクリル、ヘテロアリールもしくは置換ヘテロアリールであり、該ヘテロシクリル、置換ヘテロシクリル、ヘテロアリールもしくは置換ヘテロアリールは、1から4個の窒素原子を含み、
各L2は、独立して、アルキレン、置換アルキレン、ヘテロアルキレン、置換ヘテロアルキレン、または共有結合であり、
各R3は、独立して、ハロゲン、シアノ、アジド、ニトロ、アルキル、置換アルキル、ヒドロキシル、アミノ、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、アルコキシ、ハロアルキル、ハロアルコキシ、−CHO、−C(O)OR8、−S(O)R8、−S(O)2R8、−C(O)NR9R10、−N(R9)C(O)R8、カルボシクリル、置換カルボシクリル、カルボシクリルアルキル、置換カルボシクリルアルキル、アルケニル、置換アルケニル、アルキニル、置換アルキニル、−S(O)2NR9R10、−N(R9)S(O)2R8、−N(R9)S(O)2OR10、−OS(O)2NR9R10であり、nは、0、1、2、3、4または5であり、
R4およびR5は、それぞれ独立して、H、アルキル、置換アルキル、ハロアルキル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、カルボシクリル、置換カルボシクリル、カルボシクリルアルキル、置換カルボシクリルアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、置換ヘテロシクリル、ヘテロシクリルアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルアルキル、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキル、カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、アリールヘテロアルキル、置換アリールヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキル、もしくは置換ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキル、シアノ、アジド、OR8、−C(O)H、−C(O)R8、−S(O)R8、−S(O)2R8、−C(O)OR8、もしくは−C(O)NR9R10であるか、または
R4およびR5は、これら両方が結合している炭素と一緒になって、炭素環、置換炭素環、複素環もしくは置換複素環を形成するか、または
同じ炭素原子上にある場合、これらが結合している炭素と一緒になるR4およびR5は、−C(O)−または−C(NR8)−であるか、または
隣接する炭素原子上の2つのR4もしくは2つのR5は、これらが結合している炭素と一緒になった場合、3から6員の炭素環、置換炭素環、複素環または置換複素環を形成し、R6およびR7は、それぞれ独立して、H、アルキル、置換アルキル、アルケニル、置換アルケニル、アルキニル、置換アルキニル、ハロアルキル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、カルボシクリル、置換カルボシクリル、カルボシクリルアルキル、置換カルボシクリルアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、置換ヘテロシクリル、ヘテロシクリルアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルアルキル、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキル、カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、アリールヘテロアルキル、置換アリールヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキル、もしくは置換ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキル、−C(O)H、−C(O)R8、−S(O)R8、−S(O)2R8、−C(O)OR8、もしくは−C(O)NR9R10、S(O)2NR9R10であるか、または
R6およびR7は、これら両方が結合している窒素と一緒になって、N、O、P、もしくはSから選択される、1つもしくは複数の追加のヘテロ原子を含有し得る、置換もしくは非置換複素環を形成するか、または
R7は、L2と、これら両方が結合しているNとが一緒になって、N、O、S、またはPから選択される1つまたは複数の追加のヘテロ原子を含有し得る、置換または非置換の3〜8員の複素環を形成し、
R8は、H、アルキル、置換アルキル、ハロアルキル、アルケニル、置換アルケニル、アルキニル、置換アルキニル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、カルボシクリル、置換カルボシクリル、カルボシクリルアルキル、置換カルボシクリルアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、置換ヘテロシクリル、ヘテロシクリルアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルアルキル、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキル、カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、アリールヘテロアルキル、置換アリールヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキル、または置換ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキルであり、
R9およびR10は、それぞれ独立して、H、アルキル、置換アルキル、アルケニル、置換アルケニル、アルキニル、置換アルキニル、ハロアルキル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、カルボシクリル、置換カルボシクリル、カルボシクリルアルキル、置換カルボシクリルアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、置換ヘテロシクリル、ヘテロシクリルアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルアルキル、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキル、カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、アリールヘテロアルキル、置換アリールヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキル、もしくは置換ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキルであるか、またはR9およびR10は、これら両方が結合している窒素と一緒になって、置換または非置換複素環を形成し、
それぞれの、置換アルキル、置換アルケニル、置換アルキニル、置換ヘテロアルキル、置換カルボシクリル、置換カルボシクリルアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリル、置換ヘテロシクリルアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換アリールヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキル、置換アルキレン、置換ヘテロアルキレン、置換アルケニレン、置換アルキニレン、置換カルボシクリレン、または置換ヘテロシクリレンは、独立して、−ハロゲン、−R、−O−、=O、−OR、−SR、−S−、−NR2、−N(+)R3、=NR、−C(ハロゲン)3、−CR(ハロゲン)2、−CR2(ハロゲン)、−CN、−OCN、−SCN、−N=C=O、−NCS、−NO、−NO2、=N2、−N3、−NRC(=O)R、−NRC(=O)OR、−NRC(=O)NRR、−C(=O)NRR、−C(=O)OR、−OC(=O)NRR、−OC(=O)OR、−C(=O)R、−S(=O)2OR、−S(=O)2R、−OS(=O)2OR、−S(=O)2NR、−S(=O)R、−NRS(=O)2R、−NRS(=O)2NRR、−NRS(=O)2OR、−OP(=O)(OR)2、−P(=O)(OR)2、−P(O)(OR)(O)R、−C(=O)R、−C(=S)R、−C(=O)OR、−C(=S)OR、−C(=O)SR、−C(=S)SR、−C(=O)NRR、−C(=S)NRR、−C(=NR)NRR、および−NRC(=NR)NRR;
からなる群から選択される1から4つの置換基で置換されており、
各Rは、独立して、H、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アリール、アリールアルキル、またはヘテロシクリルである)。
(項目2)
Y−Zが−CR4R5−である、項目1に記載の化合物。
(項目3)
Y−Zが−CH2−または−C(O)−である、項目1または2に記載の化合物。
(項目4)
Y−Zが−CR4R5−CR4R5−である、項目1に記載の化合物。
(項目5)
L1が−NH−または−O−である、項目1から4のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
(項目6)
R1が、アルキル、置換アルキル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、ヘテロシクリルアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルアルキル、カルボシクリルアルキルまたは置換カルボシクリルアルキルである、項目1から5のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
(項目7)
X1が、C1〜C6アルキレン、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキレンまたはC1〜C6置換ヘテロアルキレンである、項目1から6のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
(項目8)
X1が−CH2−である、項目1から7のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
(項目9)
Dが、3〜12員のカルボシクリルまたは3〜12員のヘテロシクリルであり、該カルボシクリルまたはヘテロシクリルが−L2−NR6R7で置換されている、項目1から8のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
(項目10)
Dがフェニルまたはビフェニルである、項目1から9のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
(項目11)
Dがピリジニルである、項目1から9のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
(項目12)
L2がC1〜C6アルキレンまたは共有結合である、項目1から11のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
(項目13)
L2が−CH2−である、項目1から12のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
(項目14)
R6およびR7が、独立して、H、アルキル、ヘテロアルキルであるか、または、これらが結合している窒素原子と一緒になって、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロシクリルを形成する、項目1から13のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
(項目15)
R6およびR7が、これらが結合している窒素原子と一緒になって、N、O、またはSから選択される0〜3個の追加のヘテロ原子を含有する、4〜10員の単環式または二環式の、飽和した、部分的に飽和した、または不飽和の環を形成する、項目1から14のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
(項目16)
Dが、ヘテロシクリル、置換ヘテロシクリル、ヘテロアリールまたは置換ヘテロアリールであり、該ヘテロシクリル、置換ヘテロシクリル、ヘテロアリールまたは置換ヘテロアリールが、1〜4個の窒素原子を含む、項目1から8のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
(項目17)
Dが、場合によって置換されているピリジニル、場合によって置換されているピペリジニル、場合によって置換されているピペラジニルまたは場合によって置換されている1,2,3,4−テトラヒドロイソキノリニルである、項目1から8または16のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
(項目18)
式Iaで表される、項目1に記載の化合物:
または薬学的に許容されるその塩(式中、
L1は、−NH−または−O−であり、
R1は、アルキル、置換アルキル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、ヘテロシクリルアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルアルキル、カルボシクリルアルキルまたは置換カルボシクリルアルキルであり、
R4およびR5のそれぞれは、独立して、HもしくはC1〜C6アルキルであるか、またはこれらが結合している炭素と一緒になるR4およびR5は−C(O)−であり、
X1は、C1〜C6アルキレン、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキレンまたはC1〜C6置換ヘテロアルキレンであり、
Dは、フェニル、ビフェニルもしくはピリジニルであり、該フェニル、ビフェニルもしくはピリジニルは、−L2−NR6R7で置換されているか、または
Dは、ピリジニル、ピペリジニル、ピペラジニルもしくは1,2,3,4−テトラヒドロイソキノリニルであり、nは、0または1であり、
R3は、ハロゲン、シアノ、アルキル、カルボシクリル、カルボシクリルアルキル、ハロアルキル、−C(O)OR8、−C(O)NR9R10または−CHOであり、L2は、C1〜C6アルキレンまたは共有結合であり、
R6およびR7のそれぞれは、独立して、H、アルキル、もしくはヘテロアリールであるか、または
R6およびR7は、これらが結合している窒素原子と一緒になって、N、OもしくはSから選択される0〜2個のヘテロ原子を含む、置換もしくは非置換の4〜6員の複素環を形成する)。
(項目19)
式IIaで表される項目1に記載の化合物:
または薬学的に許容されるその塩(式中、
L1は、−NH−または−O−であり、
R1は、アルキル、置換アルキル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、ヘテロシクリルアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルアルキル、カルボシクリルアルキルまたは置換カルボシクリルアルキルであり、
R4およびR5のそれぞれは、独立して、HまたはC1〜C6アルキルであるか、または、同じ炭素原子上の任意のR4およびR5は、これらが結合している炭素と一緒になる場合、−C(O)−であり、
X1は、C1〜C6アルキレン、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキレンまたはC1〜C6置換ヘテロアルキレンであり、
Dは、フェニル、ビフェニルもしくはピリジニルであり、前記フェニル、ビフェニルもしくはピリジニルは、−L2−NR6R7で置換されているか、または
Dは、ピリジニル、ピペリジニル、ピペラジニルもしくは1,2,3,4−テトラヒドロイソキノリニルであり、
nは、0または1であり、
R3は、ハロゲン、シアノ、アルキル、カルボシクリル、カルボシクリルアルキル、ハロアルキル、−C(O)OR8、−C(O)NR9R10または−CHOであり、
L2は、C1〜C6アルキレンまたは共有結合であり、
R6およびR7のそれぞれは、独立して、H、アルキル、またはヘテロアリールであるか、または
R6およびR7は、これらが結合している窒素原子と一緒になって、N、OまたはSから選択される、0〜2個のヘテロ原子を含む、置換または非置換の4〜6員の複素環を形成する)。
(項目20)
L1が−O−である、項目1から19のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
(項目21)
からなる群から選択される、項目1に記載の化合物、または薬学的に許容されるその塩またはエステル。
(項目22)
項目1から21のいずれか一項に記載の化合物の治療有効量と、薬学的に許容される担体または賦形剤とを含む医薬組成物。
(項目23)
インターフェロン、リバビリンまたはその類似体、HCV NS3プロテアーゼ阻害剤、α−グルコシダーゼ1阻害剤、肝臓保護剤、HCV NS5Bポリメラーゼのヌクレオシドまたはヌクレオチド阻害剤、HCV NS5Bポリメラーゼの非ヌクレオシド阻害剤、HCV NS5A阻害剤、TLR−7アゴニスト、シクロフィリン阻害剤、HCV IRES阻害剤、薬物動態学的エンハンサー、およびHCVを治療するための他の薬剤、またはこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの追加の治療薬をさらに含む、項目22に記載の医薬組成物。
(項目24)
デングウイルス、黄熱病ウイルス、ウエストナイルウイルス、日本脳炎ウイルス、ダニ媒介性脳炎ウイルス、Kunjinウイルス、Murray Valley脳炎ウイルス、St.Louis脳炎ウイルス、Omsk出血熱ウイルス、ウシウイルス性下痢ウイルス、ZikaウイルスおよびC型肝炎ウイルスからなる群から選択されるウイルスによって引き起こされるウイルス感染症を治療する方法であって、治療を必要とする哺乳動物に、項目1から21のいずれか一項に記載の化合物または医薬組成物の治療有効量を投与するステップを含む方法。
(項目25)
前記ウイルス感染症が、C型肝炎ウイルスにより引き起こされる、項目24に記載の方法。
(項目26)
インターフェロン、リバビリンまたはその類似体、HCV NS3プロテアーゼ阻害剤、α−グルコシダーゼ1阻害剤、肝臓保護剤、HCV NS5Bポリメラーゼのヌクレオシドまたはヌクレオチド阻害剤、HCV NS5Bポリメラーゼの非ヌクレオシド阻害剤、HCV NS5A阻害剤、TLR−7アゴニスト、シクロフィリン阻害剤、HCV IRES阻害剤、薬物動態学的エンハンサー、およびHCVを治療するための他の薬剤、またはこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、少なくとも1つの追加の治療薬を投与するステップをさらに含む、項目24または25に記載の方法。
(項目27)
Flaviviridaeウイルス感染症の治療のための医薬の製造のための、項目1から21のいずれか一項に記載の化合物の使用。
(項目28)
Flaviviridaeウイルス感染症の治療における使用のための項目1から21のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
(項目29)
項目1から21のいずれか一項に記載の化合物の治療有効量を、B型肝炎ウイルスに感染したヒト被験体に投与するステップを含む、B型肝炎ウイルス感染症を治療するための方法。
(項目30)
追加の治療薬を前記ヒトにさらに投与するステップを含む、項目29に記載の方法。
(項目31)
前記追加の治療薬が、ラミブジン、アデホビル、テノホビル、テルビブジン、エンテカビル、インターフェロンα−2b、ペグ化インターフェロンα−2a、インターフェロンα2a、インターフェロンαN1、プレドニゾン、プレドニゾロン(predinisolone)、Thymalfasin(登録商標)、レチノイン酸受容体アゴニスト、4−メチルウンベリフェロン、Alamifovir(登録商標)、Metacavir(登録商標)、Albuferon(登録商標)、サイトカインおよびTLRのアゴニストからなる群から選択される、項目30に記載の方法。
(項目32)
B型肝炎ウイルス感染症の治療のための医薬の製造のための、項目1から21のいずれか一項に記載の化合物の使用。
(項目33)
B型肝炎ウイルス感染症を治療することにおける使用のための、項目1から21のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
(項目34)
メラノーマ、肺非小細胞癌、肝細胞癌、基底細胞癌、腎細胞癌、ミエローマ、アレルギー性鼻炎、喘息、COPD、潰瘍性大腸炎、肝臓線維症、HBV、HCV、HPV、RSV、SARS、HIV、またはインフルエンザを治療するための方法であって、項目1から21のいずれか一項に記載の化合物の治療有効量を、それを必要とする哺乳動物に投与するステップを含む方法。
(項目35)
メラノーマ、肺非小細胞癌、肝細胞癌、基底細胞癌、腎細胞癌、ミエローマ、アレルギー性鼻炎、喘息、COPD、潰瘍性大腸炎、肝臓線維症、HBV、HCV、HPV、RSV、SARS、HIV、またはインフルエンザの治療または予防のための医薬の製造のための、項目1から20のいずれか一項に記載の化合物の使用。
(項目36)
メラノーマ、肺非小細胞癌、肝細胞癌、基底細胞癌、腎細胞癌、ミエローマ、アレルギー性鼻炎、喘息、COPD、潰瘍性大腸炎、肝臓線維症、HBV、HCV、HPV、RSV、SARS、HIV、またはインフルエンザを治療または予防することにおける使用のための、項目1から21のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
式IIの化合物:
Y〜Zは、−CR4R5−、−CR4R5−CR4R5−、−C(O)CR4R5−、−CR4R5C(O)−、−NR8C(O)−、−C(O)NR8−、−CR4R5S(O)2−、または−CR5=CR5−であり、
L1は、−NR8−、−O−、−S−、−N(R8)C(O)−、−S(O)2−、−S(O)−、−C(O)N(R8)−、−N(R8)S(O)2−、−S(O)2N(R8)−または共有結合であり、
R1は、アルキル、置換アルキル、ハロアルキル、アルケニル、置換アルケニル、アルキニル、置換アルキニル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、カルボシクリル、置換カルボシクリル、カルボシクリルアルキル、置換カルボシクリルアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、置換ヘテロシクリル、ヘテロシクリルアルキル、または置換ヘテロシクリルアルキル、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキル、カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、アリールヘテロアルキル、置換アリールヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキル、または置換ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキルであり、
X1は、アルキレン、置換アルキレン、ヘテロアルキレン、置換ヘテロアルキレン、アルケニレン、置換アルケニレン、アルキニレン、置換アルキニレン、カルボシクリレン、置換カルボシクリレン、ヘテロシクリレン、置換ヘテロシクリレン、−NR8−、−O−、−C(O)−、−S(O)−、S(O)2−、または結合であり、
Dは、カルボシクリル、置換カルボシクリル、ヘテロシクリルもしくは置換ヘテロシクリルであり、前記カルボシクリル、置換カルボシクリル、ヘテロシクリルもしくは置換ヘテロシクリルは、1もしくは2つの−L2−NR6R7で置換されているか、または
Dは、ヘテロシクリル、置換ヘテロシクリル、ヘテロアリールもしくは置換ヘテロアリールであり、前記ヘテロシクリル、置換ヘテロシクリル、ヘテロアリールもしくは置換ヘテロアリールは、1から4個の窒素原子を含み、
各L2は、独立して、アルキレン、置換アルキレン、ヘテロアルキレン、置換ヘテロアルキレン、または共有結合であり、
各R3は、独立して、ハロゲン、シアノ、アジド、ニトロ、アルキル、置換アルキル、ヒドロキシル、アミノ、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、アルコキシ、ハロアルキル、ハロアルコキシ、−CHO、−C(O)OR8、−S(O)R8、−S(O)2R8、−C(O)NR9R10、−N(R9)C(O)R8、カルボシクリル、置換カルボシクリル、カルボシクリルアルキル、置換カルボシクリルアルキル、アルケニル、置換アルケニル、アルキニル、置換アルキニル、−S(O)2NR9R10、−N(R9)S(O)2R8、−N(R9)S(O)2OR10、−OS(O)2NR9R10であり、
nは、0、1、2、3、4または5であり、R4およびR5は、それぞれ独立して、H、アルキル、置換アルキル、ハロアルキル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、カルボシクリル、置換カルボシクリル、カルボシクリルアルキル、置換カルボシクリルアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、置換ヘテロシクリル、ヘテロシクリルアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルアルキル、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキル、カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、アリールヘテロアルキル、置換アリールヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキル、もしくは置換ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキル、シアノ、アジド、OR8、−C(O)H、−C(O)R8、−S(O)R8、−S(O)2R8、−C(O)OR8、もしくは−C(O)NR9R10であるか、または
R4およびR5は、これら両方が結合している炭素と一緒になって、炭素環、置換炭素環、複素環もしくは置換複素環を形成するか、または
同じ炭素原子上にある場合、これらが結合している炭素と一緒になるR4およびR5は、−C(O)−または−C(NR8)−であるか、または
隣接する炭素原子上の2つのR4もしくは2つのR5は、これらが結合している炭素と一緒になった場合、3から6員の炭素環、置換炭素環、複素環または置換複素環を形成し、R6およびR7は、それぞれ独立して、H、アルキル、置換アルキル、アルケニル、置換アルケニル、アルキニル、置換アルキニル、ハロアルキル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、カルボシクリル、置換カルボシクリル、カルボシクリルアルキル、置換カルボシクリルアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、置換ヘテロシクリル、ヘテロシクリルアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルアルキル、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキル、カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、アリールヘテロアルキル、置換アリールヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキル、もしくは置換ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキル、−C(O)H、−C(O)R8、−S(O)R8、−S(O)2R8、−C(O)OR8、もしくは−C(O)NR9R10、S(O)2NR9R10であるか、または
R6およびR7は、これら両方が結合している窒素と一緒になって、N、O、P、もしくはSから選択される、1つもしくは複数の追加のヘテロ原子を含有し得る、置換もしくは非置換複素環を形成するか、または
R7は、L2と、これら両方が結合しているNとが一緒になって、N、O、S、またはPから選択される1つまたは複数の追加のヘテロ原子を含有し得る、置換または非置換の3〜8員の複素環を形成し、
R8は、H、アルキル、置換アルキル、ハロアルキル、アルケニル、置換アルケニル、アルキニル、置換アルキニル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、カルボシクリル、置換カルボシクリル、カルボシクリルアルキル、置換カルボシクリルアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、置換ヘテロシクリル、ヘテロシクリルアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルアルキル、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキル、カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、アリールヘテロアルキル、置換アリールヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキル、または置換ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキルであり、
R9およびR10は、それぞれ独立して、H、アルキル、置換アルキル、アルケニル、置換アルケニル、アルキニル、置換アルキニル、ハロアルキル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、カルボシクリル、置換カルボシクリル、カルボシクリルアルキル、置換カルボシクリルアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、置換ヘテロシクリル、ヘテロシクリルアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルアルキル、アリールアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキル、カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、アリールヘテロアルキル、置換アリールヘテロアルキル、ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキル、もしくは置換ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキルであるか、または
R9およびR10は、これら両方が結合している窒素と一緒になって、置換または非置換複素環を形成し、
それぞれの、置換アルキル、置換アルケニル、置換アルキニル、置換ヘテロアルキル、置換カルボシクリル、置換カルボシクリルアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリル、置換ヘテロシクリルアルキル、置換アリールアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールアルキル、置換カルボシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルヘテロアルキル、置換アリールヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアリールヘテロアルキル、置換アルキレン、置換ヘテロアルキレン、置換アルケニレン、置換アルキニレン、置換カルボシクリレン、または置換ヘテロシクリレンは、独立して、−ハロゲン、−R、−O−、=O、−OR、−SR、−S−、−NR2、−N(+)R3、=NR、−C(ハロゲン)3、−CR(ハロゲン)2、−CR2(ハロゲン)、−CN、−OCN、−SCN、−N=C=O、−NCS、−NO、−NO2、=N2、−N3、−NRC(=O)R、−NRC(=O)OR、−NRC(=O)NRR、−C(=O)NRR、−C(=O)OR、−OC(=O)NRR、−OC(=O)OR、−C(=O)R、−S(=O)2OR、−S(=O)2R、−OS(=O)2OR、−S(=O)2NR、−S(=O)R、−NRS(=O)2R、−NRS(=O)2NRR、−NRS(=O)2OR、−OP(=O)(OR)2、−P(=O)(OR)2、−P(O)(OR)(O)R、−C(=O)R、−C(=S)R、−C(=O)OR、−C(=S)OR、−C(=O)SR、−C(=S)SR、−C(=O)NRR、−C(=S)NRR、−C(=NR)NRR、および−NRC(=NR)NRRからなる群から選択される1から4つの置換基で置換されており、
各Rは、独立して、H、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アリール、アリールアルキル、またはヘテロシクリルである)が提供される。
NS5A阻害剤、TLR−7アゴニスト、シクロフィリン阻害剤、HCV IRES阻害剤、薬物動態学的エンハンサー、およびHCVを治療するための他の薬剤、またはこれらの混合物から選択することができる。
L1は、−NH−または−O−であり、
R1は、アルキル、置換アルキル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、ヘテロシクリルアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルアルキル、カルボシクリルアルキルまたは置換カルボシクリルアルキルであり、
R4およびR5のそれぞれは、独立して、HもしくはC1〜C6アルキルであるか、またはこれらが結合している炭素と一緒になるR4およびR5は−C(O)−であり、
X1は、C1〜C6アルキレン、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキレンまたはC1〜C6置換ヘテロアルキレンであり、
Dは、フェニル、ビフェニルもしくはピリジニルであり、前記フェニル、ビフェニルもしくはピリジニルは、−L2−NR6R7で置換されているか、または
Dは、ピリジニル、ピペリジニル、ピペラジニルもしくは1,2,3,4−テトラヒドロイソキノリニルであり、
nは、0または1であり、
R3は、ハロゲン、シアノ、アルキル、カルボシクリル、カルボシクリルアルキル、ハロアルキル、−C(O)OR8、−C(O)NR9R10または−CHOであり、
L2は、C1〜C6アルキレンまたは共有結合であり、
R6およびR7のそれぞれは、独立して、H、アルキル、もしくはヘテロアリールであるか、または
R6およびR7は、これらが結合している窒素原子と一緒になって、N、OもしくはSから選択される0〜2個のヘテロ原子を含む、置換もしくは非置換の4〜6員の複素環を形成する)で表される。
L1は、−NH−または−O−であり、
R1は、アルキル、置換アルキル、ヘテロアルキル、置換ヘテロアルキル、ヘテロシクリルアルキル、置換ヘテロシクリルアルキル、カルボシクリルアルキルまたは置換カルボシクリルアルキルであり、
R4およびR5のそれぞれは、独立して、HまたはC1〜C6アルキルであるか、または、同じ炭素原子上の任意のR4およびR5は、これらが結合している炭素と一緒になる場合、−C(O)−であり、
X1は、C1〜C6アルキレン、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキレンまたはC1〜C6置換ヘテロアルキレンであり、
Dは、フェニル、ビフェニルもしくはピリジニルであり、前記フェニル、ビフェニルもしくはピリジニルは、−L2−NR6R7で置換されているか、または
Dは、ピリジニル、ピペリジニル、ピペラジニルもしくは1,2,3,4−テトラヒドロイソキノリニルであり、
nは、0または1であり、
R3は、ハロゲン、シアノ、アルキル、カルボシクリル、カルボシクリルアルキル、ハロアルキル、−C(O)OR8、−C(O)NR9R10または−CHOであり、
L2は、C1〜C6アルキレンまたは共有結合であり、
R6およびR7のそれぞれは、独立して、H、アルキル、またはヘテロアリールであるか、または
R6およびR7は、これらが結合している窒素原子と一緒になって、N、OまたはSから選択される、0〜2個のヘテロ原子を含む、置換または非置換の4〜6員の複素環を形成する)で表される。
特に明記しない限り、以下の用語および句は、本明細書で使用する場合、以下の意味を有することを意図する。ある特定の用語または句が具体的に定義されていないという事実は、不定性または明瞭さの欠如と相互に関連しているわけではなく、むしろ本明細書中の用語は、それらの通常の意味で使用されている。本明細書中で商品名が使用されている場合、出願人らは、その商品名の製品およびその商品名の製品の活性医薬成分(複数可)を、独立して含めることを意図する。
本明細書で使用される「複素環」または「ヘテロシクリル」の例として挙げられるのは、制限はされないが、Paquette、Leo A.、Principles of Modern Heterocyclic Chemistry(W.A. Benjamin、New York、1968年)、特に第1、3、4、6、7、および9章、The Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds、A
Series of Monographs」(John Wiley & Sons、New York、1950年から現在)、特に第13、14、16、19、および28巻、およびJ. Am. Chem. Soc.(1960年)第82巻:5566頁に記載されている複素環である。本発明の具体的な一実施形態では、「複素環」は、本明細書中で定義された「炭素環」を含み、その環において1個または複数の(例えば1、2、3、または4個の)炭素原子は、ヘテロ原子(例えばO、N、PまたはS)で置き換えられている。「複素環」または「ヘテロシクリル」という用語は、飽和した環、部分的に不飽和の環、および芳香環(すなわち、芳香族複素環)を含む。複素環は、縮合、架橋、またはスピロであるかどうかに関わらず、芳香族および非芳香族の単環式、二環式、および多環式の環を含む。本明細書で使用する場合、「複素環」という用語は、「ヘテロアリール」を包含するが、これに限定されない。
York、ならびにEliel, E.およびWilen, S.、Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds(1994年)John Wiley & Sons、Inc.、New Yorkに一般的に従う。多くの有機化合物は、光学活性な形態で存在する、すなわち、これらは、平面偏光の平面を回転させる能力を有する。光学活性化合物を記載する上で、接頭辞DおよびLまたはRおよびSは、そのキラル中心(複数可)について分子の絶対配置を示すために使用される。接頭辞dおよびlまたは(+)および(−)は、化合物による平面偏光の回旋の標識を指定するために使用され、(−)またはlは、化合物が左旋性であることを意味する。接頭辞(+)またはdの付いた化合物は、右旋性である。所与の化学構造に対して、これらの立体異性体は、これらは互いに鏡像であること以外は等しい。特定の立体異性体はまた、エナンチオマーと呼ぶことができ、このような異性体の混合物は、エナンチオマー混合物と呼ぶことが多い。エナンチオマーの50:50混合物は、ラセミ混合物またはラセミ体と呼び、これは、化学反応または化学的工程において立体選択性または立体特異性が存在しない場合に生じ得る。「ラセミ混合物」および「ラセミ体」という用語は、光学活性を欠く、2つのエナンチオマーの種の等モル混合物を指す。
本発明の文脈において、保護基は、プロドラッグ部分および化学的な保護基を含む。
エステル形成基として:(1)ホスホネートエステル形成基、例えばホスホンアミデートエステル、ホスホロチオエートエステル、ホスホネートエステル、およびホスホン−ビス−アミデート、(2)カルボキシルエステル形成基、および(3)硫黄エステル形成基、例えばスルホネート、スルフェート、およびスルフィネートなどが挙げられる。
同様に本発明の範囲内に入るのは、本明細書中に記載されている化合物のインビボ代謝生成物である。このような生成物は、投与した化合物の、例えば酸化、還元、加水分解、アミド化、エステル化などにより、主に酵素による作用が原因で生じ得る。したがって、本発明は、本発明の化合物を、その代謝生成物を得るのに十分な時間にわたり、哺乳動物に接触させるステップを含む方法により生成される化合物を含む。このような生成物は通常、本発明の放射標識された(例えば、C14またはH3)化合物を調製し、これを非経口的に、検出可能な用量(例えば、約0.5mg/kgを超える)で、ラット、マウス、モルモット、サル、または人間などの動物に、代謝が行われるのに十分な時間をかけて(通常、約30秒〜30時間)、尿、血液または他の生体試料からその変換生成物を単離することによって、同定される。これらの生成物は標識されているので、これらの生成物は、容易に単離される(他のものは、代謝産物中に生き残っているエピトープと結合可能な抗体の使用により単離される)。代謝産物の構造は、例えばMSまたはNMR解析などの従来の方法で決定される。一般的に、代謝産物の解析は、当業者には周知の従来からの薬物代謝研究と同じ方法で行われる。変換生成物は、インビボで他に発見されていない限り、それ自体は抗感染性活性を所有していないとしても、本発明の化合物の治療のための投薬に対する診断分析に有用である。
本発明の化合物の様々な属および亜属に対する定義および置換基が本明細書中に記載および図示されている。上に記載の定義および置換基の任意の組合せにより、結果として実行できない種または化合物が生成されるべきではないことを当業者であれば理解されたい。「実行できない種または化合物」とは、関連する科学原理(例えば、5つ以上の共有結合に結合している炭素原子)に違反する化合物構造、あるいは、単離、および薬学的に許容される剤形への製剤化を可能とするほど安定していない化合物を意味する。
本発明の化合物は、従来の担体および賦形剤と共に配合され、これら担体および賦形剤は、通常の慣例に従い選択されることになる。錠剤は、賦形剤、グライダント、充填剤、結合剤などを含有することになる。水性製剤は、無菌の形態で調製され、経口投与以外の送達が意図される場合、一般的には等張性である。すべての製剤は、賦形剤、例えば、その全体が本明細書中に参考として組み込まれている、Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients(1986年)に記載のものなどを場合によって含有することになる。賦形剤として、アスコルビン酸および他の抗酸化剤、キレート剤、例えばEDTAなど、炭水化物、例えばデキストリンなど、ヒドロキシアルキルセルロース、ヒドロキシアルキルメチルセルロース、ステアリン酸などが挙げられる。製剤のpHは、約3〜約11であるが、通常、約7〜10である。
1つまたは複数の本発明の化合物(本明細書中では有効成分と呼ぶ)は、治療される状態にとって適切な任意の経路により投与される。適切な経路として、経口、直腸、経鼻、局所的(口腔および舌下を含む)、経膣および非経口(皮下、筋肉内、静脈内、皮内、くも膜下腔内および硬膜外を含む)などが挙げられる。好ましい経路は、例えばレシピエントの状態に応じて異なり得ることを認識されたい。本発明の化合物の利点は、これらが、経口的に生物学的に利用可能であり、経口的に投与できる点である。
一実施形態では、本発明の化合物は、追加の活性な治療的成分または薬剤と併用して使用される。
(1)ペグ化rIFN−α2b(PEG−Intron)、ペグ化rIFN−α2a(Pegasys)、rIFN−α2b(Intron A)、rIFN−α2a(Roferon−A)、インターフェロンα(MOR−22、OPC−18、Alfaferon、Alfanative、Multiferon、subalin)、インターフェロンアルファコン−1(Infergen)、インターフェロンα−n1(Wellferon)、インターフェロンα−n3(Alferon)、インターフェロンβ(Avonex、DL−8234)、インターフェロン−ω(omega DUROS、Biomed
510)、アルブインターフェロンα−2b(Albuferon)、IFN α−2b XL、BLX−883(Locteron)、DA−3021、グリコシル化インターフェロンα−2b(AVI−005)、PEG−Infergen、ペグ化インターフェロンλ−1(ペグ化IL−29)、ベレロフォン、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択されるインターフェロン、
(2)リバビリン(Rebetol、Copegus)、タリバビリン(Viramidine)、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択されるリバビリンおよびその類似体、
(3)ボセプレビル(SCH−503034、SCH−7)、テラプレビル(VX−950)、TMC435350、BI−1335、BI−1230、MK−7009、VBY−376、VX−500、BMS−790052、BMS−605339、PHX−1766、AS−101、YH−5258、YH5530、YH5531、ITMN−191、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択されるHCVNS3プロテアーゼ阻害剤、
(4)セルゴシビル(MX−3253)、ミグリトール、UT−231B、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択されるα−グルコシダーゼ1阻害剤、
(5)IDN−6556、ME3738、LB−84451、シリビニン(silibilin)、MitoQ、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される肝臓保護剤、
(6)R1626、R7128(R4048)、IDX184、IDX−102、BCX−4678、バロピシタビン(NM−283)、MK−0608、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択されるHCV NS5Bポリメラーゼのヌクレオシドまたはヌクレオチド阻害剤、
(7)PF−868554、VCH−759、VCH−916、JTK−652、MK−3281、VBY−708、VCH−222、A848837、ANA−598、GL60667、GL59728、A−63890、A−48773、A−48547、BC−2329、VCH−796(nesbuvir)、GSK625433、BILN−1941、XTL−2125、GS−9190、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択されるHCV NS5Bポリメラーゼの非ヌクレオシド阻害剤、
(8)AZD−2836(A−831)、A−689、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択されるHCV NS5A阻害剤、
(9)ANA−975、SM−360320、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択されるTLR−7アゴニスト、
(10)DEBIO−025、SCY−635、NIM811、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択されるシクロフィリン阻害剤、
(11)MCI−067からなる群から選択される、HCV IRES阻害剤、
(12)BAS−100、SPI−452、PF−4194477、TMC−41629、ロキシスロマイシン、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される薬物動態学的エンハンサー、および
(13)サイモシンα1(Zadaxin)、ニタゾキサニド(Alinea、NTZ)、BIVN−401(virostat)、PYN−17(altirex)、KPE02003002、アクチロン(CPG−10101)、KRN−7000、civacir、GI−5005、XTL−6865、BIT225、PTX−111、ITX2865、TT−033i、ANA971、NOV−205、タルバシン、EHC−18、VGX−410C、EMZ−702、AVI4065、BMS−650032、BMS−791325、Bavituximab、MDX−1106(ONO−4538)、Oglufanide、VX−497(メリメポジブ)、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択されるHCVを治療するための他の薬剤。
代表的なHIV抗ウイルス剤および特許番号
Ziagen(硫酸アバカビル塩、US5,034,394)
Epzicom(硫酸アバカビル/ラミブジン、US5,034,394)
Hepsera(アデホビルジピボキシル、US4,724,233)
Agenerase(アンプレナビル、US5,646,180)
Reyataz(硫酸アタザナビル、US5,849,911)
Rescriptor(メシル酸デラビルジン、US5,563,142)
Hivid(ジデオキシシチジン、ザルシタビン、US5,028,595)
Videx(ジデオキシイノシン、ジダノシン、US4,861,759)
Sustiva(エファビレンツ、US5,519,021)
Emtriva(エムトリシタビン、US6,642,245)
Lexiva(ホスアンプレナビルカルシウム、US6,436,989)
Virudin、Triapten、Foscavir(ホスカーネットナトリウム、US6,476,009)
Crixivan(硫酸インジナビル、US5,413,999)
Epivir(ラミブジン、US5047,407)
Combivir(ラミブジン/ジドブジン、US4,724,232)
Aluviran(ロピナビル)
Kaletra(ロピナビル/リトナビル、US5,541,206)
Viracept(メシル酸ネルフィナビル、US5,484,926)
Viramune(ネビラピン、US5,366,972)
Norvir(リトナビル、US5,541,206)
Invirase、Fortovase(メシル酸サキナビル、US5,196,438)
Zerit(スタブジン、US4,978,655)
Truvada(テノホビルジソプロキシルフマル酸塩/エムトリシタビン、US5,210,085)
Aptivus(チプラナビル)
Retrovir(ジドブジン、アジドチミジン、US4,724,232)
障害ががんの場合、少なくとも1つの他の制がん性治療との併用が予想される。特に、抗がん治療において、他の抗新生物薬剤との併用(化学療法、ホルモン薬剤または抗体薬剤を含む)、ならびに外科療法および放射線治療との併用が予想される。したがって本発明による併用療法は、少なくとも1つの式(I)の化合物またはその塩もしくは溶媒和物の投与と、少なくとも1つの他のがん治療方法の使用とを含む。好ましくは、本発明による併用療法は、少なくとも1つの式(I)の化合物またはその塩もしくは溶媒和物と、少なくとも1つの他の薬学的に活性のある薬剤、好ましくは抗新生物薬剤の投与を含む。式(I)の化合物(複数可)および他の薬学的に活性のある薬剤(複数可)は、一緒にまたは別々に投与してもよく、別々に投与する場合、これは同時に、または任意の順序で連続的に(治療レジメンに従い、異なる日に投与することを含む)、任意の便利な経路により行ってもよい。式(II)の化合物(複数可)および他の薬学的に活性のある薬剤(複数可)の量および投与の相対的タイミングは、所望の併用治療の効果を達成するために選択されることになる。
RJ.ら、Cancer Chemotherapy Pocket GuideA、1998年)。
8(5巻):465〜80頁、およびBolen, J. B.、Brugge, J.S.、(1997年)Annual review of Immunology、15巻:371〜404頁に記載されている。SH2/SH3ドメイン遮断剤は、PI3−K p85サブユニット、Srcファミリーキナーゼ、アダプター分子(She、Crk、Nek、Grb2)およびRas−GAPを含めた様々な酵素またはアダプタータンパク質におけるSH2またはSH3ドメイン結合を乱す薬剤である。抗がん剤の標的としてのSH2/SH3ドメインは、Smithgall, T. E.(1995年)、Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods.34巻(3号)125〜32頁において考察されている。
in Lipidology. 9巻(2号)99〜102頁、およびBioChim. Biophys. Acta、(19899)1423巻(3号):19〜30頁で考察されている。
本明細書で使用する場合、「アゴニスト」は、その結合パートナー(通常は受容体)を刺激する物質である。刺激とは、特定のアッセイの文脈において定義されるか、または当業者であれば認識されているように、実質的に同様の状況下で、特定の結合パートナーの「アゴニスト」または「アンタゴニスト」として受け入れられている因子または物質と比較を行っている本明細書中の議論から文献において明らかとなり得る。刺激は、アゴニストまたは部分アゴニストと、結合パートナーとの相互作用により誘発されるある特定の作用または機能の増加に関して定義することができ、アロステリック効果を含み得る。
ある特定の略語および頭字語が、実験の詳細の記載に使用される。当業者であればこれらのうちの大部分を理解しているであろうが、表1は、これらの略語および頭字語の多くのリストを含有する。
スキーム1
化合物A(2.46g、10.2mmol)のTHF(34mL)中溶液に、−20℃でEt3N(3.14mL、22.5mmol)を加え、続いてNH3(MeOH中2.0M、5.4mL、11mmol)の溶液を加えた。この混合物を撹拌しながら、0℃に1.5時間加熱した(LC/MSは出発物質の消費を示した)。ワークアップなしでこの反応混合物を、これより先の工程で使用した。
3−((1−ピロリジニルメチル)フェニル)メタンアミンE(1.95g、10.2mmol)のTHF(34mL)中溶液に、0℃でEt3N(3.14mmol、22.5mmol)を加え、続いてブロモ酢酸メチル(1.04mL、22.3mmol)を滴下した。この反応混合物をLC/MSが出発物質の消費を示すまで、約2時間撹拌した。ワークアップなしで、化合物Dの合成へとこの混合物をこれより先の工程で使用した。
化合物Cを含有する上記反応混合物を、化合物Bを含有する反応混合物に0℃で加えた。この反応混合物を、LC/MSが化合物Bの消費を示すまで、約45分間撹拌した。NH4Cl(50mL)の飽和溶液を加えた。層を分離させ、水層をEtOAc(2×30mL)で抽出した。合わせた有機層をMgSO4上で乾燥させ、濾過し、真空下で濃縮した。シリカゲルクロマトグラフィーでの精製により、2.11g(Aから46%)の化合物Dを得た。1H NMR(CD3OD,300MHz):δ(ppm)7.32−7.16(m,4H),4.69(s,2H),4.19(q,J=7Hz,2H),4.07(s,2H),3.60(s,2H),2.49(m,4H),2.40(s,3H),1.78(m,4H),1.23(t,3H,J=7Hz).LCMS−ESI+:C21H29N6O4Sに対する計算値:461.2(M+H+)、測定値:461.0(M+H+)
(実施例1)
化合物4(50mg)および鉄塵(117mg)のAcOH(2mL)中溶液を室温で13時間撹拌した。セライトを介して、この反応物を濾過し、H2O中の2〜98%アセトニトリルの勾配で溶出するC18カラム上のHPLCで精製し、13%の収率で、実施例1を得た。1H NMR(CD3OD):δ 7.40−7.22(m,4H),4.82(s,2H),3.93(s,2H),3.73(s,2H),2.70−2.60(m,4H),2.41(s,3H),1.90−1.78(m,4 H);MS:385.2(M+H+)。
化合物Dをメタノール(2mL)中に溶解し、これに、オキソン(1.08g)のH2O(3mL)中溶液を加えた。この混合物を30分間撹拌し、この後、酸化がほぼ完了した。この混合物を水に加え、CH2Cl2で抽出した。有機相をNa2SO4上で乾燥させ、濾過し、真空下で濃縮することによって、所望のスルホン中間体を得た。これを次のステップで続けて使用した。スルホンおよびCs2CO3(384mg)をCH2Cl2(4mL)中に溶解し、これに2−メトキシエタノール(880μL)を滴下した。1時間撹拌後、LC/MSが示すようにいくらかのスルホン出発物質が残存したので、さらに200μLの2−メトキシエタノールを加え、この反応物をさらに30分間撹拌した。この反応混合物をCH2Cl2で希釈し、水で洗浄した。有機層をNa2SO4上で乾燥させ、濾過し、真空下で濃縮させた。CH2Cl2中20%MeOHで溶出する、シリカゲル上のフラッシュクロマトグラフィーで生成物を精製することによって、40%の収率で、化合物Fを得た。1H NMR(CD3OD):δ 7.40−7.15(m,4H),4.69(br s,2H),4.33(t,J=4.8Hz,2H),4.17(q,J=6.9Hz,2H),4.04(s,2H),3.68(s,2H),3.03(t,J=4.2Hz,2H),3.68(s,3H),2.60(s,4H),1.81(s,4H),1.24(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);MS:489.2(M+H+)。
化合物F(33mg)、鉄塵(56mg)、および酢酸(1mL)の混合物を室温で4時間撹拌した。この後、変換が不完全であったため、もう1つの部分の鉄塵(20mg)を加え、この反応物をもう6時間撹拌した。第3部分の鉄塵(30mg)を加え、もう12時間この混合物を撹拌した。シリカゲルを介してこの混合物を濾過し、溶媒を真空下で取り除いた。H2O中2〜98%アセトニトリルの勾配で溶出する、C18カラム上の分取HPLCにより、残留する物質から生成物を精製することによって、実施例2を得た。1H NMR(CD3OD):δ 7.62(s,1H),7.50(s,3H),4.95(s,2H),4.60−4.53(m,2H),4.39(s,2H),4.15(s,2H),3.95−3.67(m,2H),3.60−3.42(m,2H),3.68(s,3H),3.25−3.12(m,2H),2.23−1.95(m,4H);MS:413.2(M+H+)。
方法VI:4,6−ジクロロ−2−メチルチオ−5−ニトロピリミジン:500mL丸底フラスコに、POCl3(89.5mL、0.960mol、5.00当量)、およびN,N−ジメチルアニリン(73.0mL、0.576mol、3.00当量)を充填した。この反応物を0℃に冷却し、発熱を制御するような様式で、少しずつ4,6−ジヒドロキシ−2−メチルチオ−5−ニトロピリミジン(39.0g、0.192mol、1.00当量)を加えた。発熱が治まったら、この反応物を、注意深く、2時間で100℃に温めた。次いで反応物を連続低密度連続相抽出器(continuous lower−density phase continuous extractor)の上部容器に移し、高温ヘキサンで連続的抽出し、これを下部容器にプールした。この下部容器は、抽出中140℃であった。上部容器中のヘキサン相中のUV活性(254nm)が最小になった後、この系を冷却した。真空中でヘキサン相を油へと濃縮した。シリカゲルクロマトグラフィーを介して残留物を精製した(1g残留物/3gシリカ)(溶出液:DCM)。カラムへの充填中(流動性を補うために残留物に20mL DCMを加えた)、弱い発熱があった。クロマトグラフィーの後で、結晶4,6−ジクロロ−2−メチルチオ−5−ニトロピリミジン34.9g(76%収率)を得た。1H−NMR:300MHz,(CDCl3)δ(ppm):2.62(s,3H).LCMS−ESI+:化合物はイオン化しない。
方法XIIを用いて調製
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
4−アミノ−2−{(シクロプロピル)メトキシ}−8−[3’−(ピロリジン−1’’−イルメチル)−ベンジル]−5,6,7,8−テトラヒドロプテリジン−6−オン:1H NMR(CD3OD,300MHz):δ 7.64(s,1H),7.50(m,3H),4.95(s,2H),4.39(s,2H),4.26(d,J=7Hz,2H),4.15(s,2H),3.47(m,2H),3.19(m,2H),2.17(m,2H),2.04(m,2H),1.13(m,1H),0.59(m,2H),0.34(m,2H)−[HCl塩].LCMS−ESI+:C22H29N6O2に対する計算値:409.5(M+H+);測定値:409.2(M+H+)。
方法XIIを用いて調製:
4−アミノ−2−{(1’’’−メチルシクロプロパ−1’’’−イル)メトキシ}−8−[3’−(ピロリジン−1’’−イルメチル)−ベンジル]−5,6,7,8−テトラヒドロプテリジン−6−オン:1H NMR(CD3OD,300MHz):δ 7.63(s,1H),7.51(m,3H),4.94(s,2H),4.39(s,2H),4.24(s,2H),4.14(s,2H),3.48(m,2H),3.18(m,2H),2.17(m,2H),2.04(m,2H),1.19(s,3H),0.56(m,2H),0.43(m,2H)−[HCl塩].LCMS−ESI+:C23H30N6O2に対する計算値:423.5(M+H+);測定値:423.1(M+H+)。
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
1H NMR(CD3OD,300MHz):δ 7.24−7.34(m,4H),4.77(s,2H),4.19(q,J=7Hz,2H),4.16(s,2H),4.05(d,J=7Hz,2H),3.94(m,2H),3.71(s,2H),3.39(m,2H),2.61(m,4H),1.95(m,1H),1.83(m,4H),1.65(m,2H),1.24−1.36(m,5H).LCMS−ESI+:C26H37N6O6に対する計算値:529.6(M+H+);測定値:529.2(M+H+)。
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIVを用いて調製:
方法XIVを用いて調製:
方法XIVを用いて調製:
方法XIVを用いて調製:
方法XIVを用いて調製:
方法XIVを用いて調製:
方法XIVを用いて調製:
方法XIVを用いて調製:
方法XIVを用いて調製:
方法XIVを用いて調製:
方法XIVを用いて調製:
方法XIVを用いて調製:
1H NMR(CD3OD,300MHz):δ 7.36−7.19(m,4H),4.80−4.70(m,広幅,2本,2H),4.17(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),4.14−3.95(m,広幅,2本,2H),3.80−3.60(m,2H),3.62(s,広幅,2H),3.44−3.16(m,2H),3.02−2.86(m,広幅,2本,3H),2.53(m,4H),1.79(m,4H),1.23(t,J=7.0Hz,3H).LCMS−ESI+:C23H34N7O6Sに対する計算値:536.2(M+H+);測定値:536.1(M+H+)、268.5((M+2H+)/2)。
方法XIVを用いて調製:
方法XIVを用いて調製:
方法XIVを用いて調製:
HCl(水性)(5mL)を加え、セライトを介して濾過した。減圧下で濃縮することによって、BFを得た(585mg、1.5mmol)。prep HPLCで精製した。1H−NMR:300MHz,(DMSO−d6)δ :9.70(s,1H),7.78−7.54(m,4H),6.23(s,2H),4.68(s,2H),4.04(t,J=6.6Hz,2H),3.89(s,2H),1.54(m,2H),1.31(m,2H),0.85(t,J=7.5Hz,3H).LCMS−ESI+:C18H20N6O2に対する計算値:353.2(M+H+);測定値:353.1(M+H+)。
実施例48
NMR(CD3OD,300MHz):δ 7.24−7.31(m,4H),4.77(s,2H),4.14−4.23(m,6H),3.62(m,2H),2.51(m,4H),1.79(m,4H),1.66(m,2H),1.40(m,2H),1.26(t,J=7Hz,3H),0.94(t,J=7Hz,3H).LCMS−ESI+:C24H35N6O5に対する計算値:487.6(M+H+);測定値:487.2(M+H+)。
方法XIIを用いて調製:
スキーム46
スキーム47:実施例51
NMR:(CD3OD,300MHz):δ 7.32−7.25(m,3H),4.65(m,1H),4.46(t,J=6.9Hz,2H),4.35(m,1H),4.10(s,2H),3.80(m,1H),3.39−3.19(m,8H),1.75(m,2H),1.46(m,5H),0.97(t,J=7.5Hz,3H).LCMS−ESI+:C22H31N6O2に対する計算値:411.2(M+H+);測定値:411.1(M+H+)。
NMR:(CDCl3,300MHz):δ 7.65−7.43(m,4H),4.75(s,2H),4.23−4.19(m,2H),4.03(s,2H),1.28(t,J=6.9Hz,3H).LCMS−ESI+:C16H16ClN6O4に対する計算値:391.8(M+H+);測定値:391.0(M+H+)。
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
1H NMR(CD3OD,300MHz):δ 7.68(s,1H),7.49(m,3H),4.96(s,2H),4.48(q,J=7Hz,2H),4.41(s,2H),4.15(s,2H),3.47(m,2H),3.18(m,2H),2.17(m,2H),2.03(m,2H),1.37(t,J=7Hz,3H).LCMS−ESI+:C20H27N6O2に対する計算値:383.5(M+H+);測定値:383.1(M+H+)。
方法XIIを用いて調製:
方法XIIを用いて調製:
LCMS−ESI+:C12H27N2O2に対する計算値:291.4(M+H+);測定値:291.1(M+H)。
方法XIIを用いて調製:
実施例66
方法VIIIに続いて方法X、それに続いて方法XII
方法Xに続いて方法XII
方法XIを介して調製
実施例68、方法XII
実施例69
方法Xに続いて方法XII
NMR:(DMSO−d6,300MHz):δ 9.70(s,広幅,1H),8.04(s,1H),6.77(s,1H),6.58(s,1H),6.19(s,広幅,2H),5.08(s,広幅,2H),4.55(s,広幅,2H),3.85(s,広幅,1H),3.66(s,広幅,4H),3.38(s,広幅,4H),1.78−1.22(m,広幅,8H).LCMS−ESI+。C21H28N7O3に対する計算値:425.48(M+H+);測定値:426.1(M+H+)。
方法XVIIにより調製
方法XVIIIに従い調製した化合物CA
実施例70
方法XLVIII
実施例71
方法XLVIII
実施例72
方法XLVIII
方法XXXIIIにより調製した化合物DD
実施例73
方法XLIX
方法XLIXに従う方法XXXIII:
実施例75
方法L
実施例76
方法XIVを用いて調製
BT(23.0mg)のMeOH(4.0mL)中溶液を含有するフラスコを50%w/v水性Raneyニッケル(1mL)のスラリーで処理した。この系をH2/真空で数回パージ/再充填し、次いでH2バルーン下、23℃で4日間激しく撹拌した。この反応物を、MeOH/CH2Cl2の補助を用いてセライト上で濾過した。濾液を濃縮することによって、黄色の固体として、実施例76を得た(20mg、99%収率)。1H NMR(CD3OD,300MHz):δ(ppm)7.31−7.17(m,4H),4.77(s,2H),3.65−3.58(m,2H),3.61(s,2H),3.17(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.63−2.56(m,2H),2.54−2.47(m,4H),1.83−1.74(m,4H),1.47−1.38(m,2H),1.38−1.18(m,2H),0.83(t,J=7.0Hz,3H).LCMS−ESI+:C23H34N7Oに対する計算値:424.3(M+H+);測定値:424.2(M+H+)。
方法XIIIにより調製した化合物DE
NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):δ 9.52(s,広幅,1H),7.27−7.21(m,4H),5.85(s,広幅,2H),4.67(s,2H),3.96−3.86(m,1H),3.70(m,3H),3.64−3.45(m,3H),3.35−3.08(m,3H),2.49(s,広幅,4H),1.89−1.64(m,6H),1.58−1.41(m,2H).LCMS−ESI+:C23H32N7O2に対する計算値:437.54(M+H+);測定値:438.2(M+H+)。
方法XIIIにより調製した化合物DF
実施例79、方法XXIを用いて作製
実施例80、方法XXIを用いて作製
C18カラムで精製および0.1%TFAを含有する5〜100%アセトニトリルの直線勾配で溶出することによって、実施例80を得た(6mg、0.014mmol)。1H NMR(CD3OD,300MHz):δ 7.93(m,2H),7.43−7.37(m,4H),7.09(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),6.93(m,1H),4.62(s,2H),4.39(t,J=6.3Hz,2H),4.07(s,2H),1.74(m,2H),1.44(m,2H),0.94(t,J=7.2Hz,3H).LCMS−ESI+:C23H28N7O2に対する計算値:434.2(M+H+);測定値:434.1(M+H+)。
後、10%w/v水性NaHCO3(140mL)を、水相のpHが8.0に到達するまで注意深く加えた(沸騰)。有機層を収集し、水相を抽出した(2×100mL EtOAc)。すべての有機層を合わせ、乾燥させ(Na2SO4)、ガラスフリット上で濾過し、約10mLの量まで濃縮した。この粘性の高いシロップのような残留物は、粗製のN−シアノアセチル−(2−メトキシエトキシル)−イソウロニウムクロリド、DGを含有している。これらは、不安定なので、すぐに次の反応で使用する。LCMS−ESI+:C7H12N3O3に対する計算値:186.1(M+H+);測定値:186.0(M+H+)。
方法LVII:化合物DN。2−カルボキシ−4,6−ジクロロピリミジン(1.00g)のNMP(10mL)中溶液を23℃で、滴下により水性濃NH4OH(2.0mL)で処理した。沸騰が停止したら、この反応物をゆっくりと60℃に温め、この温度で4時間維持した。この反応物を23℃に冷却し、H2O(10mL)を加え、乳白色の懸濁液を得た。水性濃HCl(2.0mL)を滴下した。30分後、懸濁液を濾過し、濾過ケーキを真空オーブン内で、45℃で乾燥させることによって、白色固体として、DNを得た(537mg、61%)。1H NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):δ(ppm)13.40(s,広幅,1H),7.58(見かけs,広幅,2H),6.58(s,1H).LCMS−ESI:化合物はイオン化しない。
実施例81
方法LXII:化合物ZZ。スルホン(BN)(15.8mg)、(R)−1−メトキシ−2−プロパノール(300μL)、およびTFA(10μL)の懸濁液を17.5時間100℃に加熱した。この反応物を23℃に冷却し、H2O(600μL)で希釈し、Teledyne Isco「金」5.5グラムカラムに直接充填し、フラッシュすることによって(溶出液:0.05%w/v水性HCl/CH3CN95:5→0:100)、一塩酸塩として、DRを得た(13mg、76%収率)。1H NMR(CDCl3,300MHz):δ(ppm)12.64(s,1H),9.68(s,1H),8.36(s,1H),7.93(s,1H),7.49−7.20(m,4H),5.27(s,広幅,2H),4.87(s,2H),4.40−4.08(m,5H),3.67−3.30(m,4H),3.34(s,3H),2.85−2.70(m,2H),2.30−2.20(m,2H),2.20−2.10(m,2H),1.35−1.18(m,6H).LCMS−ESI+:C24H35N6O6に対する計算値:503.3(M+H+);測定値:503.2(M+H+)。
Isco「金」5.5グラムカラムに直接充填し、フラッシュすることによって(溶出液:0.05%w/v水性HCl/CH3CN95:5→0:100)、一塩酸塩として、実施例を得た84(3.0mg、27%収率)。1H NMR(CD3OD,300MHz):δ(ppm)7.53(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.46(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),5.50(s,2H),4.34(s,2H),4.32(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),3.50−3.38(m,2H),3.21−3.09(m,2H),2.25−2.18(m,2H),2.17−1.99(m,2H),1.70(tt,J=7.6Hz,7.6Hz,2H),1.45(qt,J=7.6Hz,7.6Hz,2H),0.94(t,J=7.6Hz,3H).LCMS−ESI+:C22H29N6O3に対する計算値:425.2(M+H+);測定値:425.1(M+H+)。
方法LXIで調製:
方法LXIにより調製:
方法LXIにより調製:
方法LXVにより調製:
方法LXVにより調製:
方法LXVにより調製:
方法LXVにより調製
方法LXVにより調製
方法LXIにより調製
方法LXVにより調製
方法LXIにより調製
方法LXVにより調製
方法LXIにより調製
方法LXVにより調製
方法LXIにより調製
方法LXVにより調製
方法XIVにより調製
方法XLにより調製
方法XLIにより調製
方法XLVIIIにより調製
方法XLVIIIにより調製
方法XLXXに従い実施例110を調製した。分取HPLCを利用して、遊離塩基として所望の実施例110を単離した(溶出液:CH3CN/H2O勾配)。1H NMR(DMSO−d6,300MHz):δ(ppm)9.64−9.62(d,広幅,J=6.9Hz,1H),7.72−7.64(m,広幅,1H),7.36−7.15(m,5H); 6.12(s,2H),4.67(s,1H); 4.51(d,J=49.8Hz,2H),4.04−3.87(m,4H),3.50−3.23(m,2H),3.12(s,2H),2.37−2.27,(d,広幅,J=30.3Hz,8H),2.13(s,3H); 1.85(m,2H); 1.75−1.50(m,広幅,4H),1.36−1.14(m,2H),0.89−0.80(t,J=7.6Hz,3H).LCMS−ESI+:C27H41N8O3に対する計算値:525.74(M+H+);測定値:525.3(M+H+)。
NMR(CD3OD,300MHz):δ(ppm)8.80(s,1H),8.57(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.88(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),5.59(s,2H),4.33(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),2.76(s,3H),1.73(tt,J=7.6Hz,7.6Hz,2H),1.46(qt,J=7.6Hz,7.6Hz,2H),0.96(t,J=7.6Hz,3H).LCMS−ESI+:C17H21N6O3に対する計算値:357.2(M+H+);測定値:357.2(M+H+)。
方法XLXIVで調製
実測値:357.1(M+H+)。
本明細書中に記載された実施例を用いて、以下の化合物を、類似の合成方法を用いて調製することができる:
類似の合成方法を用いて、下の化合物を調製することができる:
PBMCアッセイプロトコル
本発明の化合物を用いて、ヒト末梢血単核球(PMBC)からの24時間の時点でのサイトカイン刺激を測定するために、アッセイを行った。アッセイは、8点のハーフログ希釈曲線により、二組で実行した。本発明の化合物を10mM DMSO溶液から希釈した。細胞の上清を、IFNaについて直接、そしてTNFaについて1:10希釈物にてアッセイした。アッセイは、Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett. 16巻、4559頁、(2006年)に記載の方式と同様の方式で実施した。具体的には、凍結保存したPBMCを解凍し、190μL/ウェルの細胞培地中の750,000細胞/ウェルで、96ウェルプレートに播種した。次いで、5%CO2で、37℃で1時間PBMCをインキュベートし、10μL細胞培地中に8点、ハーフログ希釈滴定で本発明の化合物を加えた。37℃および5%CO2で24時間、プレートをインキュベートし、次いで1200rpmで10分間遠心し、続いて上清を収集し、これを−80℃で保存した。Luminex分析装置を用いて、LuminexおよびUpstate multi−plexキットで、サイトカイン分泌をアッセイした。化合物に対するIFN−αMEC値は、化合物が、上の試験法を用いて測定した通り、バックグラウンドよりも少なくとも3倍IFN−α産生を刺激した最低濃度であった。
カニクイザルにおける化合物によるインターフェロンαの誘発
ある用量の式IIの化合物を、経口的にまたはivでカニクイザル(1つの投与群につき動物3匹以上)に投与し、投薬から4時間および8時間後の時点で血清を収集する。ELISAで血清試料のインターフェロンα濃度を解析する。投薬前、各動物において、血清のインターフェロンα濃度は、通常検出濃度付近または未満である。カニクイザルIFN−α標準に基づくIFN−αに対する定量化の限界(LOQ)は、約625pg/mLである。
マウスにおける化合物によるサイトカインの誘発
CD−1マウスにおいて、式IIの化合物を、一日1回またはそれ以上、14日の間、通常は強制経口投与により、0.5mg/kgまたは2.5mg/kg投与してもよい。マウス血清試料を第1日目および第14日目に収集し、血清サイトカイン濃度を、以下の方法を用いて測定する。試料を氷上で解凍し、アッセイ賦形剤中で2倍に希釈する。ELISA(VeriKine(登録商標)Mouse Interferon Alpha(Mu−IFN−α)ELISAキット、製品番号:42100−1、PBL Biomedical Laboratories、New Brunswick、New Jersey)により、インターフェロン−αに対するアッセイを行い、他の血清サイトカインをLuminexおよびMilliplexビーズキットでアッセイする。fit=(A+((B−A)/(1+(((B−E)/(E−A))*((x/C)^D)))))を用いて、データ補間のための非直線性5点パラメータ曲線を用いてサイトカイン濃度を測定する。
健常なマーモットにおける化合物によるサイトカインの誘発
成体の、WHV−陰性マーモットに、1つまたは複数の異なる用量で、式IIの化合物を経口投与してもよい。3匹のオスマーモットに、式IIの化合物約0.1から約0.05mg/kgを与え、他の3匹のオスマーモットにより高い用量を与える。投薬前のT0で各マーモットから全血試料(4ml)を採取し、次いで、EDTA含有収集チューブを用いて、投与後4、8、12、および24時間に、採取する。
ウッドチャック肝炎ウイルス(WHV)に慢性的に感染したマーモットにおけるセロコンバージョン
ウッドチャック肝炎ウイルス(WHV)の慢性的キャリアである、1群につき5匹のマーモットに式IIの化合物またはプラシーボを経口的に投与する。化合物は、約1〜約0.5mg/kg/日の用量で、28日間投与することができる。投薬前および28日の投薬期間の間に複数回およびその後で血液試料を収集する。処置したWHVキャリアマーモットと、ビヒクルを与えた対照WHVキャリアマーモットの血清WHV DNAを比較することによって、化合物の抗ウイルス活性を評価する。感染した動物におけるウッドチャック肝炎ウイルス表面抗原(抗−WHsAg)に対する血清抗体濃度と、プラシーボ処置した動物における抗−WHsAg抗体濃度とを比較することによって、慢性的に感染した動物においてセロコンバージョンを引き起こす化合物の能力を評価する。
Claims (1)
- 以下の
からなる群より選択される化合物またはその塩。
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US12106108P | 2008-12-09 | 2008-12-09 | |
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