TW460915B - Gas distribution apparatus for semiconductor processing - Google Patents

Gas distribution apparatus for semiconductor processing Download PDF

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Publication number
TW460915B
TW460915B TW089112731A TW89112731A TW460915B TW 460915 B TW460915 B TW 460915B TW 089112731 A TW089112731 A TW 089112731A TW 89112731 A TW89112731 A TW 89112731A TW 460915 B TW460915 B TW 460915B
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Taiwan
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gas
partition
patent application
jet head
gas supply
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TW089112731A
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English (en)
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Fangli Hao
Rajinder Dhindsa
Eric Lenz
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Lam Res Corp
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/44Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/44Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
    • C23C16/455Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
    • C23C16/45563Gas nozzles
    • C23C16/45565Shower nozzles
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/44Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
    • C23C16/455Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/44Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
    • C23C16/455Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
    • C23C16/45563Gas nozzles
    • C23C16/45572Cooled nozzles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J37/00Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
    • H01J37/32Gas-filled discharge tubes
    • H01J37/32431Constructional details of the reactor
    • H01J37/3244Gas supply means

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Drying Of Semiconductors (AREA)

Description

460915 A7 B7 五、發明說明( 發明領域 本發明係關於一種半導體基板(諸如積體電路晶1])加工 用之反應室,尤其係關於使用在這些反應室中之氣體散布 裝置。 發明背景 半導體加工係包括鍍覆加工,諸如金屬、介電體及半導 電性材料之化學蒸氣鍍覆、這些層體之腐蝕加工、光阻遮 蔽層之抛光加工等等。在腐银加工的例子中,電漿·腐蚀係 傳統上用來腐蝕金屬、介電體及半導電性材料。一平行板 電漿反應器通常係包括一氣體腔室,其中包括有一個或以 上之隔板、一可使’腐蝕氣體通過之噴氣頭式電極、一將矽 晶圓支底在一底部電極上之基座、一 RF電源、以及一用 以供應氣體至氣體腔室之氣體喷射源。氣體係藉由電極而 電離,以形成電漿。該電漿係腐蝕該支撑在.噴氣頭式電極 下方的晶圓。 在半導體基板電漿加工中所使用之噴.氣頭式電極,係揭 露在同樣讓渡給本案申請人之美國專利第5_f_〇74,45..$成; 5,472,565 號;5,534,751 號;以及 5,569,356 號。其他噴氣 頭式電極氣體散布裝置係揭露在美國專利第4,209,357 號;4,263,088 號;4,270,999 號;4,297,162 號;4,534,816 號;4,579,618 號;4,590,042 號4,593,540 號;4,612,077 號;4,780,169 號;4,854,263 號;5,006,220 號;5,134,965 號;5,494,713 號;5,529,657 號;5,593,540 號;5,595,627 號;5,614,055 號;5,716,485 號;5,746,875 號以及 -4- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 請 先 閱「 讀 背 之 注 意 項 填 寫裝 本衣 頁 訂 綠 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 460915 Α7 Β7 五、發明說明(2 ) 5,888,907 號。 在積體電路製造中之共同需求便係諸如在介電材料中之 接點與渠道之開口的腐蝕。該介電材料係包括諸如摻有矽 之氧化物,諸如氟氧化矽(FSG)、未摻有矽之氧化物,諸 如二氧化矽、織狀玻璃(SOG) '矽酸鹽玻璃,諸如硼磷酸 矽酸玻璃(BPSG)以及磷酸矽酸玻璃(PSG),摻有或未摻有 熱衍生矽之氧化物、摻有或未摻有TEOS鍍覆之氧化矽等 等。該介電體摻雜物係包括硼、磷酸及/或砷。該介電體 係可以疊置在一導電層或半導電層上,諸如聚丙缔酸珍、 諸如銘_、銅、欽、鎮、细或其合金、諸如氮化欽之氣化 物、諸如矽化鈦、矽化姑、矽化鎢、矽化鉬等等之金屬矽 化物。一種電漿腐蚀技術,其中一平行板電漿反應器係用 以腐蚀在氧化矽中之開口 ,其係揭露在美國專利第 __5,〇13,398 號中。 . 美國專利第;.736,457號係揭露單一及雙”波狀花紋”金 屬化方法。在該κ單一波狀花紋”的方式中,渠道及導體係 在分開的步驟中形成,其中用於導體或渠道之金屬圖樣係 腐蝕至介電層中,一金屬層則係充填至1介電層中經腐蚀的_ 凹溝或渠道孔中,且過剩的金屬係藉由化學機械研磨(CMP) 或藉由一回蝕方法來加以清除。在"雙波狀花紋"方式中, 該用於渠道及導體之金屬化圖樣係腐蝕在介電層中,且經 腐蚀之凹溝及渠道開口係以金屬來加以充填,其係在一單 一金屬充填及過剩金屬移除加工過程中完成。 最好,該電漿係可以均勻地散布在晶圓表面上,以在晶 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) ^ -----------------Ί (請先閱讀背面之注意事^填寫本頁) 4 6091 5 A7I----------- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(3 ) 圓之整個表面上可以獲得均勻的腐蚀速率。現行氣體散布 腔室設計係包括多個隔板’其係用以最佳化地均勻.散布腐 蝕氣體,以在晶圓上達到適當的腐蝕效果。然而,現行之 隔板及噴氣頭式電極設計所得到之實驗最佳化結果係針對 在晶圓與喷氣頭式電極之間之特定間隙而得到之結果,然 而其係相當難以調整至晶圓與噴氣頭之間的不同間隙。再 者,習知氣體散布設計係包括具有數百個開口或具有複 雜' 難以製造之幾何形狀的隔板,以確保腐蝕氣體可以均 勻地散布在噴氣頭式電極的背面。當腐蝕較大、十二英吋 (300 mm)之晶圓時,控制加工·氣體以產生均勻通過該喷氣 頭式電極之均勻壓力係更加地困難。開口之數量及隔板係 必須大大地增加,以維持腐蝕氣體的均句散布。由於在隔 板中之開口數量之增加以及隔板數量的增加,用以製造此 —氣體散布裝置之複雜度及成本亦大大地增加。 發明摘要 本發明係提供一種氣體散布系統,其係具有簡單的結構 设計而僅需要少量的隔板,.而仍能達到適當的氣體分佈通 過—喷氣頭。氣流係可以針對任何尺寸之基板及/或在喷 氣頭與待加工之半導體基板之間的間隙而獲得最佳化。再 者,本發明係可以增進由喷氣頭電極至一冷卻之支撑板 之間的熱轉換,藉此在電極表_面上產生較佳的^遇度均佈 性。再者,本發明在一噴氣頭電極氣體散布系統之元件之 間係可提供整體連續的電性接觸。 依照本發明之氣體散布裝置係包括—支撑板以及—噴氣 ---
I I -裝--- f靖先閱讀背面之注意事:填寫本頁J 訂 .線· -6 * 本紙張尺度定煙進 Μ ^ / y < υ 上 V- J / r X V r 7 460915 A7 B7 五 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 、發明說明(4) ----^----------裳--- (請先閱讀背面之注意事务再填寫本頁;> 頭,其係牢固在一起而形成一氣體散布室。該腔室係包括 隔板總成,該隔板總成係包括一個或以上之隔板,其係可 用以達到在喷氣頭上之適當的壓力散布。多個氣體供應源 係提供加工氣體至氣體散布室中,而在該氣體散布室中, 加工氣體係向下流經隔板總成丑通過喷氣頭。 本發明之第一實施例係包括一隔板總成’其係具有一上 方隔板。一密封構件,諸如一 0形環圈係位在介於上方隔 板及支撑板之間的中間部位。該密封構件係將其間的空間 分割成内侧及外側部位。由第一氣體供應源所供應之氣體 係被導入包侧部位,而由第二氣體供應源所供應之氣體係 被導入外„侧〜部位。該配置係可使不同的氣體化學特性及/ 或氣體壓力可以被提供至内侧及外側部位。因此,氣體化 學特性及/或通過基板之氣體壓力的較佳控制,係可以藉 由預先選定之加工參數或在一基板加工期間.調整此一加工 參數而達成。 線. 若有需要,亦可配置中間及/或下方隔板,以形成三個 實質空間。該第一實質空間係位在上方及中間隔板之間。 該第二實質空間係位在中間及下方隔板之間,而第三實質 空間則係位在下方隔板及喷氣頭之間。該實質空間係可用 户---....... ......... 以產生通過喷氣頭之更爲均勻的加工氣體壓力散布。 在本發明之第二實施例中,該支撑構件在其下表面係包 括一凹口,而該凹口即界定出該氣體散布室。該支撑構件 係具有第一氣體供應源,其係供應一第一加工氣體至凹口 腔室之史_表部位,以及一第二氣體供應源,其係供應加工 私紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公愛) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 46091 5 A7 B7 五、發明說明(5 ) 氣體至凹口之外緣部位。一上方隔板及一下.方隔板係牢固 在隔板腔室中。該上方隔板係配置成僅接受由第一氣體供 應源所供應之氣體,而下方隔板係配置成僅接受由第二氣 體供應源所供應之氣體。在上方隔板中之第一组氣體通道 係與位在第二隔板中之氣體通道形成流體連通,以產生一 組流動連接之通道,經由此通道,該第一加工氣體係會直 接地由上方隔板通至下方隔板之底面。該第二加工氣體係 流經位在下方隔板中之第二組氣體通道,而到達下方隔板 其鄰靠噴氣頭之背面。在此一設計中,在流入下方隔板之 底面之前,該第一加工氣體係不會與第二加工氣體相混 合。在下方隔板與喷氣頭之間的空間係可以具有相隔開的 環狀槽道,其係可使氣體通過可以選擇性控制之喷氣頭, 例如,以達到均勻或非均勻之氣體化學特性及/或壓力來 通過噴氣頭。由第一氣體供應源及第二氣體.供應源所流出 之氣體係會流經位在喷氣頭中之第三组開口,而到達該基 板展開之部位上。 圖式之簡單説明 本發明之目的及優點將可以由以下之詳細説明並配合所 附之圖式而獲得更深入之瞭解,其中: 圖1係本發明之氣體散布室之截面視圖; 圖2係本發明第一實施例之立體分解視圖; 圖3係本發明第一實施例之截面視圖; 圖4係本發明第二實施例之立體分解視圖; 圖5係第二實施例之截面視圖; 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) .—裝·-------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事升再填寫本頁) 4609 1 5 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(6 ) 圖6係本發明第二實施例之下方隔板之截面透視圖; 圖7A-B係顯示一腐蝕加工方法,其係藉由本發明之氣 體散布系統來實施。 較佳實施例之詳細説明 爲了能夠進一步瞭解本發明,以下係針對所附之圖式來 詳細説明,其中本發明之較佳的示例性實施例係顯示於圖 中,並將加以説明之。此外,用以標示本發明之主要元件 的標號在數個圖式中係連續使用。 依照本發明,加工氣體係可以由一個或以上之氣體供應 源而均勾地散布在一定位於喷氣頭正下方之基板上。噴氣 頭係可以使用在任何類型之半導體加工裝置中,其中該噴 氣頭最妤係可以將加工氣體均勻地散布在一半導體基板 上。此類裝置係包括CVD系統、抛光器、電容偶合之電 漿反應器、感應偶合的電漿反應器、ECR反.應器等等。 圖1係顯示一用於平行板電漿反應器之氣體散布系統, 其中一支撑板20以及一喷氣頭22係牢固在一起,以形成 一密閉的氣體散布室24。一包括一個或以上隔板之隔板 總成26係定位在支撑板20及噴氣頭22之間。依照本發 明,該隔板總成26之幾何形狀及配置係設計成可以將氣 體均勻地散布至噴氣頭22的背面28。在諸如化學蒸氣鍍 覆或乾腐蝕電漿加工之半導體晶圓加工中,其最好係可控 制該加工氣體通過基板之散布狀態,以增加這些製程的一 致性及良率。 如圖2及圖3所示,在本發明之第一實施例中,該隔板 -9- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) J !------------ I------訂·------- I II - (請先閱讀背面之注音?事^<填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 4 6091 5 A7 B7 五、發明說明(7 ) 總成26係包括隔板30A及視情況選用之隔板30B及30C。 該隔板30A-30C係定位在一凹口 32中,其中該凹口係由噴 氣頭22之一周緣向上突伸之侧邊34所界定。該上方隔板 30A係與支撑板20之底部表面36藉由一 0形環圈38.而隔 開。該0形環圏38係將上方隔板30A與支撑板20之間的 空間分割成兩部位,每一部位係可以供應具有不同氣體化 學特性、壓力及/或流速之加工氣體。由第一氣體供應源 40流出之氣體係流入至介於上方隔板30A及支撑板20之間 之中央部位42。由第二氣體供應源44流出之氣體係流入 至一環狀凹道44a,且接著進入至介於上方隔板30A及支 撑板20之間的周緣部位46。中間隔板3〇B及下方隔板3〇C 係可以配置在上方隔板30A下方,以在其間形成開放實質 空間48A、48B,以及一介於下方隔板30C與噴氣頭22之 間的開放實質空間48C。 每一氣體供應源係產生一通過上方隔板30A之表面的壓 力散布,其中該氣體壓力在靠近氣體供應出口處係最高, 而在遠離出口之方向上係遞減。因此,在上方隔板3 0 A之 上表面的周緣部位46與中央部位42之間的相對氣體展 力,便可以利用第一及第二質量流控制器50A、5〇B.來加 以調整,其中該質量流控制器係連接至第一及第二氣體供 應源40、44。每一質量流控制器50A、50B可藉由調整 氣體供應源50C、50D、50E ' 50F等所供應之兩種或以 上之氣體之流動速率,而供應一種所需要的氣體混合體。 加工氣體係分別通過介於上方隔板30A與支撑楫20之間 "10- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS>A4規格(210 X 297公釐) '~: . ---------^ I --------訂·---—---- (請先閱讀背面之注意事f填寫本頁) 460915 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(8 ) 之中央部位42與周緣部位46,並且通過在上方隔板30A 中之開口 52A而進入至介於上方隔板30A與中間隔板30B 之間的開放實質空間48 A。之後,氣體便向下流經位在中 間隔板30B中之開口 52B而進入至介於中間隔板30B與下 方隔板30C之間的開放實質空間48B ,接著通過位在下方 隔板30C上之開口 52C而進入至介於下方隔板30C與噴氣 頭22之間的開放實質空間48C,且最後在到達一基板之 I ! 前,其係流入位在喷氣頭22上之開口 54 每次該氣體進 入至一開放實質空間時,不均句之壓力散布係會受到阻 止,因爲不均勻之壓力係略微地由(¾壓區域流.革低磨區域 而達到平衡。因此,藉由設計該氣體散布系統在隔板30 之間具有複數個實質空間48,便可以在噴氣頭22背面2.8 達到大致均勻的壓力散布。 氣體散布系統之第二實施例係顯示在圖4-6中。第二實 施例之隔板總成係包括兩個隔板56A及56B。該上方隔板 56A係包括與該支撑板20相接觸之部位,而該下方隔板 56B則係包括與噴氣頭22相接觸之部位。在支撑板20、隔 板總成26及喷氣頭22之間的表面對表面之接觸,係有助 於在噴氣頭22、隔板總成26與支撑板20之間的熱轉換, 且可以在該支撑板20係用以做爲一上方電極之狀態下, 提供在噴氣頭22、隔板總成與支撑板20之間的導電路 徑。 在加工期間,該溫度控制之支撑板20係用以做爲一散 熱片,其可以經由隔板總成26而將熱由該噴氣頭22中抽 11- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐)' ;----------------.11 訂,ιίϊι — i! \ _ (請先閱讀背面之注意事^:填寫本頁) 460915 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(9 ) 離。舉例來説,冷卻劑係可以在支撑板20之冷卻劑槽道 58中循環,以將基板加工期間所產生之熱量消散掉。 在第二實施例中,一第一氣體供應源60係用以將氣體 饋入一位在上方隔板56A上之中央凹口 62。一第二氣體供 應源64則係用以將氣體饋入至一環狀歧管66,其係可以 將氣體散布至位在下方隔板56B上方之周緣部位68。該環 狀歧管66係可以與支撑板20 —體成型,或者其可以係該 氣體散布系統之一分離式構件。 該上方隔板56A係包括徑向延伸之槽道70,其係將該由 大致定位在中央之第一氣體供應源60所送出之氣體散布 至上方隔.板56A之周緣。該槽道70係界定在接觸表面72 之間,其中該接觸表面係與支撑板20之底部表面36相接 觸。熱及電流係由上方隔板56A經由表面72而流至支撑板 20。同樣地,該下方隔捉56B之上表面係包.括徑向延伸之 < 槽道74,其係將該由定位在周緣之環狀歧管66所送出之 氣體散布至位在下方隔板56B之中央部位的環狀槽道76。 該徑向延伸之槽道74係界定在接觸表面78之間,其中該 接觸表面係與上方隔板56A形成熱接觸及電性接觸。雖然 圖示之槽道70、74及76係位在上方及下方隔板之上表 面,然而其亦可以形成在支撑板20與上方隔板之下表 面。 - 定位在上方隔板之徑向延伸槽道70中之開口 80係與位 在下方隔板56B中之第一组開口 82形成流動連接。亦即, 在上方隔板56A上之開口 80與位在下方隔板56B中之第一 -12 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) ^ I ί I r ^--------訂---------線 ^ . .. (請先閱讀背面之注意事填寫本頁) 46〇9^& A7 B7 五、發明說明(10 ) (請先閱讀背面之ii意事:填寫本頁) 组開口 82係形成大體上連續且不中斷之流體路徑,其中 該路徑係由第一氣體供應源60通至上方及下方隔板56A、 56B。由第二氣體供應源64所流出之氣體係流經位在下方 隔板56B之槽道74中之第二组開口 84。該流動連接之開 口 80、82及第二組開口 84係設計成可以防止在第一氣體 供應源60與第二氣體供應源64所流出之氣體之間形成明 顯的混合狀況。此一設計亦將使某些氣體會在上方及下方 隔板之間移動。爲了避免此一移動’上方及下方隔板係可 以黏合或金屬冶鍊之方式結合在一起,以防止兩種氣體混 合在一起。 最好,該流動連接之開口 80、82係藉由將上方隔板中 之開口 80與位在下方隔板中之第一组開口 82加以對正而 形成,其可藉由適當之技術來達成,諸如定位銷。然而, 將開口 80連接至開口 82之其他技術還包括.在上方及下方 隔板之間插置一具有一定樣式之填隙板,或者分別提供可 將上方及下方隔板中之開口連結在一起之管體。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 該下方隔板56B之底部表面係包括環狀向下突伸之壁體 部86,其係可以與噴氣頭22之上表面形成熱及電性接 觸。兩流動連接開口 80、82以及第二組開口 84係通向技 向隔開之環狀槽道88,其係由向下突伸之壁體部86所界 定。該槽道88係可.以形成在噴氣頭之上表面,或者在下 方隔板與噴氣頭之間的空間可以係一具有或未具有接觸部 之開放實質空間,其中該接觸部係用以將熱由噴氣頭導出 及/或供應電源至噴氣頭。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210^ 297公釐) 4 60 P 1 5 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 Α7 Β7 五、發明說明(11 ) 在半導體加工期間,由第一氣體供應源60流出之氣體 係流經位在上方隔板56A及下方隔板56B之流動連接開口 80、8 2,而由第二氣體供應源64流出之氣體係流經位在 下方隔板56B之第二組開口 84。由第一及第二氣體供應源 60、64流出之氣體係在下方隔板之底面JL位在噴氣頭22 上表面之槽道88處相混合,並且流經位在喷氣頭22中之 第三组開口 90而流向基板。 在上方隔板56A上,氣體壓力在靠近定位在中央之第一 氣體供應源60處係最高,而在靠近上方隔板56A之周緣處 係最低。加工氣體係向下流經位在上方及下方隔板56A ' 56B中之流動連接開口 82、84而到達位在下方隔板56B之 底面的開口槽道88。在操作上,若第一及第二供應源係 以相同之壓力傳送氣體,而由第一氣體供應源60流出之 氣體係形成一壓力散布,其中在靠近下方隔.板56B之中央 處係最南’而在下方隔板5 6B之周緣處係取低,而由弟一 氣體供應源64流出之氣體係形成一壓力散布,其中在周 緣處之壓力係最高,而在下方隔板之中央處係最低。相反 地,藉由本發明之隔板設計,在噴氣頭之背面的壓力係可 以均勻地流經噴氣頭之背面。 在另一種加工架構中,該氣體散布系統係可以提供一經 控制、非均勻氣體壓力散布通過該噴氣頭22之背面28。 舉例來説,若需要在喷氣頭22之背面28周緣有較高的氣 體壓力,則流經第二氣體供應源64之氣體壓力便可以相 對於流經第一氣體供應源60之氣體壓力而有所增加。相 -14- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) J --------訂---------Ί (請先閱讀背面之注意事f填寫本頁)
12 ¢60915 五、發明說明( 反地,若需要在靠近噴氣頭22之背面28的中央處具有較 円的壓力,則流經第一氣體供應源6〇之氣體壓力便可相 對於流經第二氣體供應源64之氣體壓力而有所增加。因 此’在單一晶圓加工的例子中,該氣體散布系統係可以供 應具有不同化學特性之氣體至晶圓上方之一個或以上之環 狀位。由於氣體之化學特性,因此流動速率及壓力便可 以均勻地環繞每一環狀部位,但在徑向上,每一區域上之 速率及壓力係不同的,因此其便可以使晶圓在加工期間可 以進行均勻的加工處理’其中在晶圓表面上之加工處理狀 態係可以不相同的。 圖7A-B係顯示依照本發明中,雙波狀花紋結構係如何 可以在單一步驟中來加以腐蝕。圖7A係顯示一預腐蝕狀 態’其中一相同於一凹溝之開口 5〇〇係位在一光阻遮蔽層 52〇中’其中該光阻遮蔽層係疊置在一層疊結構上,而該 層疊結構係包括一諸如氧化矽之第—介電層54〇、一諸如 氮化矽之第一擋止層560、一諸如氧化矽之第二介電層 58〇、一諸如氮化矽之第二擋止層600、以及一諸如矽晶 圓t基板620。爲了在一單一腐蝕步驟中獲得貫穿第一擋 止層560之渠道的腐蝕’該第—擋止層56〇係包括一開口 640。圖7B係顯示在腐蝕之後的結構,其中該開口 5〇〇係 延伸通過該介電層540而到達第一擋止層56〇,且該開口 640係貫穿第二介電層580而到達至第二擋止層6〇〇。此— 配置方式亦稱之爲"自身對正之雙波狀花紋"結構。 在腐蝕加工期間,在第一及第二實施例中由第一及第二 -15- ‘紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐 I — — — — — — — —--I I I ------^ - — III----I S . - (請先間讀背面之注意事一^:填寫本頁) .... 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 4 6 0 9 1 5 A7 -----B7_ 五、發明說明(13 ) 氣體供應源所供應之加工氣體的狀態,係可以相對於彼此 而加以改變,例如,在凹溝5 0 0之腐蝕期間係供應氬、 氧氣及氟化碳(例如CHF3及C^Fs),而在渠道640之腐蝕期 間,則可以減少晶圓中央部位的氧氣流量。在腐蝕低介電 質層時,加工氣體可包含一種碳氫化合物如C2h4且碳氫 化合物與氧氣之流率比可依徑向變化,以達到均勻之腐 蝕。因此,依照本發明,氣體流動至晶圓之中央及邊緣部 位的狀態係可加以調整,以補償在電漿室中之邊緣快速腐 触及中央快速腐蝕。舉例來説,在習知的電漿腐蝕器中, 邊緣快速腐蚀係直到光阻劑被腐蝕掉之後才會產生邊緣快 速腐蝕的狀態,且在邊緣快速腐蝕之後,才會發生中央快 速腐蚀的狀態。藉由本發明之氣體散布裝置,當晶圓具有 一光阻層時’其係可以供應更多之氧氣至中央部位,然而 當光阻層被腐蝕掉之後,該流至中央部位的氧氣便可以降 低。因此,藉由補償該邊緣快速及中央快速腐蝕狀態,便 可以達到更爲均勻的腐蝕效果。 本發明之方法係可以應用至各種不同的電漿加工,包括 不同介電層之電漿腐蝕,其中該介電層係諸如摻有矽之氧 化物’諸如氟氧化矽(FSG)、未摻有矽之氧化物,諸如二 氧化矽、織狀玻璃(SOG)、矽酸鹽玻璃,諸如碱嶙酸矽酸 玻璃(BPSG)以及磷酸矽酸玻璃(PSG),摻有或未摻有熱衍 生石夕之氧化物、摻有或未摻有TEOS鍍覆之氧化矽等等。 該介電體摻雜物係包括硼、磷酸及/或砷β該介電體係可 以疊置在一導電層或半導電層上,諸如聚丙烯酸矽、諸如 -16- 本上張尺度週用宁圉國家標準<CNS)A4規格(21〇 χ 297公釐) I 1 ί I I -------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事:填寫本頁} , 460915 A7 B7 五、發明說明(14 ) 鋁、銅、献、鎢、鉬或其合金、諸如氮化鈦之氮化物、諸 如矽化鈦、矽化姑、矽化鎢、矽化鉬等等之金屬矽化物° 該電漿可以係在各種不同電漿反應器中所產生之高密度 .電漿。此類電漿反應器通常係具有高能量供應源,其係採 用RF能量、微波能量,磁場等等,以產生高密度之電 漿。舉例來説,該高密度電漿係可以在一轉換器偶合之電 漿(TCP™)中產生,其亦可稱之爲感應偶合電漿反應器、 電子旋迴加速器共振(ECR)電漿反應器、螺旋電漿反應器 等等。一種可以提供高密度電漿之高流量電漿反應器之一 實例係揭露在美國專利第5,820,723號,其内容在此援引爲 參考。 本發明係已經針對較佳實施例説明如上。然而,習於此 技者可以輕易地瞭解到,亦可以不同於上述之方式來具體 實現本發明而不會脱離本發明之精神。此較.佳實施例係示 例性地説明,且在各方面皆不應視爲對於本發明有所限 制。本發明之範園係由後附之申請專利範圍所界定,而非 由前述之説明内容所界定,且所有落入申請專利範圍中之 變化及等效構件皆應涵蓋在本發明之範園中。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項我填寫本頁) 裝 •線· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 •17- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐)

Claims (1)

  1. 4 609 1 5 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 1. 一種氣體散布系統,其俏祛 你使用在半導體基板加工用之 反應益中,其包含: <請先閱讀背面之注意事填寫本頁;t 一支撑構件,在其下矣而# «丄 ' 表面係具有一凹口,該支撐構 件係具有-通向該凹口之中央部位之第一氣體供應源 以及—通向凹口之騎部位之第二氣體供應源; -隔板配置,其係定位在凹口中,使得該由第一氣 體供應源流出之氣體係會流經在隔板配置中之第一開 口,且由第二氣體供應源流出之氣體係會流經在隔板 配置中之第二開口;以及 一噴氣頭,其係由支撑構件所支撑,使得該通過第 一及第二開口之氣體係會混合在一起,並且通過位在 噴氣頭中之第三组開口。 2. 根據申請專利範圍第i項之氣體散布系統,其中該噴 氣頭係一上方電極,且該支撑構件係一電漿反應室之 溫度有加以控制的構件。 3. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之氣體散布系統,其中該支 撑構件係包含一支撑環圈,其係連接至溫度加以控制 的構件。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作衽印製 4. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之氣體散布系統,其中該隔 板配置係包括上方及下方隔板,該第二氣體供應源係 將氣體供應至位在上方及下方隔板之間的一個或以上 之氣體流動槽道,該由第二氣體供應源流出之氣體係 沿著由隔板外緣朝向隔板内緣之方向而流經該槽道。 5-根據申請專利範圍筚4項之氣體散布系統,其中該槽 -18- 張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(21〇 x 297公釐) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 4 6 0 9 1 5 as ------------------ 六、申請專利範圍 迢係形成在上方隔板之下表面及/或在該下方隔板之上 表面。 6‘根據申請專利範園第5項之氣體散布系統,其中該下 万隔板之上表面係與上方隔板之下表面形成熱接觸。 根據申請專利範圍第5項之氣體散布系統,其中該噴 氣頭係一電極,該上方及下方隔板係—種導電性材 料,且蔹下方隔板之上表面係與上方隔板之下表面形 成電性接觸。 8.根據申請專利範圍第丨項之氣體散布系統,其中該隔 板配置係包括上方及下方隔板,該通過第一及第二開 口之氣體係在氣體流動槽道中相混合,其中該槽道係 位在下方隔板與噴氣頭之間。 9·根據申請專利範圍第8項之氣體散布系统,其中該槽 道係形成在下方隔板之下表面及/或嘖氣頭之上表面, 該下方隔板之下表面係與噴氣頭之上表面相接觸。 10. 根據申請專利範圍第8項之氣體散布系統,其中該嘴 氣頭係一電極,該上方及下方隔板係—導電性材料, 且該槽道係形成在下方隔板之下表面及/或在喷氣頭之 上表面,下方隔板之下表面係與噴氣頭之上表面形成 熱及電性接觸。 11. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之散體散布系統,其中該喷 氣頭係包含一喷氣頭電極。 12. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之氣體散布系統,其中該隔 板配置係包括一隔板以及一密封構件,該密封構件係 19- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS>A4現格(210 X 297 ϋ ) ' -----:----------裂--------訂*--------線 一 , (請先閱讀背面之注意事項r+填寫本頁) 4 6〇915 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 將一介於隔板與支撑構件之間的空間分割爲中央及周 邊部位,該第一氣體供應源係通向中央部位,-而該第 二氣體供應源係通向該周緣部位。 根據申請專利範圍第12項之氣體散布系統,其中該密 封構件係一 0形環圈。 根據申請專利範園第!項之氣體散布系統,其進一步 包含一第一質量流控制器,其係連接至第一氣體供應 源、一第二質量流控制器,其係連接至第二氣體供應 源、以及一控制器’其係連接至第一及第二質量流控 制器’以藉由第一及第二氣體供應源來調整氣體之化 學特性及/或流動速率。 15. —種在一反應室中加工一基板之方法,其中一氣體散 布系統係包括一支撑構件,於其中形成有一隔板室, 該支撑構件係具有通向該隔板室之中央部位的第一 氣 體供應源,以及一通向隔板室之周緣部位之第二氣體 供應源,一位在隔板室中之隔板配置,使得由第一氣 體供應源流出之氣體係會通過位在隔板配置中之第一 開口,且由第二氣體供應源流出之氣體係會通過位在 隔板中之第二開口,且一噴氣頭係由支撐構件所支 撑,使得該由第一及第二開口流出之氣體係會混合在 一起,並且通過位在喷氣頭中之第三開口,該方法包 含: 供應一半導體基板至反應室中; 供應加工氣體至第一及第二氣體供應源,使得該加 -20- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) I I I K----------___ (請先間讀背面之注意事項#填寫本頁) . --線. 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A8 B8 C8 D8 46091i 六、申請專利範圍 工氣體係可流動通過隔板配置而不會混合在一起,直 到加工氣體通過隔板配置,之後,該混合之加-工氣體 便會通過噴氣頭而進入至反應室内部;以及 以通過該噴氣頭之加工氣體來加工處理半導體基 板。 16.根據申請專利範圍第b項之方法,其中該噴氣頭係一 噴氣頭電極,其係可以將由其間通過之加工氣體加以 通電至一電漿狀態。 17·根據申請專利範圍第16項之方法,其進一步包含藉由 供應RF電源至噴氣頭電極,使得該加工氣體係形成 一與該半導體基板之外露表面相接觸之電漿,以腐蝕 一位在半導體基板上之層體。 18. 根據申請專利範園第15項之方法,其中該半導體基板 係包含一矽晶圓,且該方法係包括乾腐蝕位在晶圓上 之介電體,半導電體或導電層材料。 19. 根據申請專利範圍第15項之方法,其中該方法係包括 在半導體基板上鍍覆一材料層。 20. 根據申請專利範圍第15項之方法,其中該噴氣頭係包 含一噴氣頭電極,且該支撑構件係包含一溫度加以控 制之構件,該方法係包括藉由使冷卻劑通過溫度加以 控制之構件而將熱由噴氣頭電極上抽離。 21. 根據申請專利範圍第15項之方法,其中該隔板配置係 包括上方及下方隔板,該第二氣體供應源係將氣體供 應至位在上方及下方隔板之間的一個或以上之氣體流 21- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) " """"" ----:---------襄-------1訂---------線 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項苒填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 460915 A8 B8 C8 D8 申請專利範圍 動槽道,該由第二氣體供應源流出之氣體係沿著由隔 板外緣朝向隔板内緣之方向而流經該槽道。 “ 22. 根據申請專利範園第15項之方法,其進一步包含調整 該供應至第一氣體供應源之加工氣體之流動速率及/或 氣體壓力,以及調整供應至第二氣體供應源之加工氣 體之流動速率及/或氣體壓力,使得在喷氣頭之背面係 可提供一適當的氣體壓力散布。 23. 根據申請專利範圍第15項之方法,其中隔板配置係包 括上方及下方隔板,該方法進一步包含藉由與噴氣 頭、下方隔板、上方隔板及/或支撑構件之表面接觸而 將喷氣頭加以冷卻。 24. 根據申請專利範圍第15項之方法,其中該隔板配置係 包括上方及下方隔板,該通過第一及第二開口之氣體 係在氣體流動槽道中相混合,其中該槽道係位在下方 隔板與噴氣頭之間。 25. 根據申請專利範圍第24項之方法,其中該槽道係形成 在下方隔板之下表面及/或喷氣頭之上表面,該下方隔 板之下表面係與噴氣頭之上表面相接觸,使得在半導 體基板加工期間,可以由噴氣頭上移除熱量。 26. 根據申請專利範圍第15項之方法,其中該流經第一氣 體供應源之加工氣體與流經第二氣體供應源之加工氣 體係具有相同之化學特性。 27. 根據申請專利範圍第15項之方法,其中該流經第一氣 體供應源之加工氣體與流經第二氣體供應源之加工氣 -22- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 請 先 閱. 讀 背 面 之 注 意 事 再 填 1 I裝 頁 訂 線 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
    經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印制衣 46〇91 5 以、申請專利範圍 體保具有不同之化學特性D 28. 根據申請專利範園第U項之方法,其中該基板-係一半 導禮晶圓’其係在至少第一及第二步骤中被加以腐 蚀’該通過第一氣體供應源之加工氣體係相對於通過 第二氣體供應源之加工氣體來加以調整,以在第一及 第二步驟期間,補償邊緣快速及中央快速腐蚀狀態。 29. 根據申請專利範圍第15項之方法,其中該開口係腐蝕 穿過基板之介電層之外露部分而腐蝕至基板之導電層 或半導電層。 30·根據申請專利範圍第29項之方法,其中該腐蝕步驟係 製造一波狀花紋結構之加工程序的一部分。 31.根據申請專利範園第29項之方法,其中該半導體基板 係包括光阻遮罩層、一第一介電層、一第一擋止層、 —第二介電層及一第二擋止層,該腐蝕步驟之進行係 包括在腐蝕步骤之第一階段期間,在光阻遮罩層上之 溝渠係被腐蝕穿過該第一介電層而到達第一擋止層, 而在腐蝕步驟之第二階段期間,渠道或接點開口係被 .腐蚀穿過該第二介電層而到達至第二擋止層,該由第 及弟一氣體供應源所供應之加工氣體係可加以調 整’使得該加工氣體在第一階段期間之成份及/或流動 速率係不同於在第二階段期間之成份及/或流動速率。 -23- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) I——'----------裝--------訂---------線 门 . . (請先閱讀背面之注意事填寫本頁)
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US6245192B1 (en) 2001-06-12
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