TW201412895A - 硬塗料組成物 - Google Patents
硬塗料組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201412895A TW201412895A TW102119448A TW102119448A TW201412895A TW 201412895 A TW201412895 A TW 201412895A TW 102119448 A TW102119448 A TW 102119448A TW 102119448 A TW102119448 A TW 102119448A TW 201412895 A TW201412895 A TW 201412895A
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- coating composition
- hard coating
- binder
- acrylate
- weight
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
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- B05D3/061—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using U.V.
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- B05D3/067—Curing or cross-linking the coating
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Abstract
本發明係關於硬塗料組成物,及,更特別地,係關於形成具有高硬度和極佳性質的硬塗膜所用的硬塗料組成物。該硬塗料組成物可用以形成不易捲曲的高硬度硬塗膜。
Description
本發明係關於硬塗料組成物,及,更特別地,係關於可用以形成具有高硬度和極佳性質的硬塗膜之硬塗料組成物。
此申請案主張2012年5月31日提出申請之韓國專利申請案第10-2012-0058634號、2012年5月31日提出申請之第10-2012-0058635號、2012年5月31日提出申請之第10-2012-0058636號、2012年5月31日提出申請之第10-2012-0058637號、及2013年5月30日提出申請之第2013-0062094號之優先權。茲將先前申請案全數揭示以引用方式納入此申請案中作為參考資料。
近來,隨著行動裝置(如智慧型手機、平板電腦等)的發展,要求用於顯示器的基板之變窄或變薄。通常使用機械性質極佳的玻璃或強化玻璃材料作為行動裝置的顯示窗或正面窗。但是,玻璃材料因其本身的重量而造成行動裝置的沉重,且會因外在衝擊而受損。
因此,研究塑膠樹脂膜作為代替玻璃的材料。塑膠樹脂膜因為質輕且不易破裂,所以適用於尋求較輕質且薄小化的行動裝置的趨勢。特別地,要求膜具有高硬度和耐磨蝕性,提出用以在基板上形成硬塗層之硬塗料組成物。
考慮提高硬塗層之厚度的方法作為改良硬塗層之表面硬度的方法。欲確保硬塗層的表面硬度得以使用硬塗層代替玻璃,須調整硬塗層的厚度。但是,隨著硬塗層厚度的提高,其表面硬度變高,但硬塗層會因為其固化收縮而起皺或捲曲且易破裂或剝落。因此,不易將硬塗層用於實際應用。
最近,已提出數種提高硬塗膜硬度及解決硬塗膜因固化收縮而破裂或捲曲之問題的方法。
韓國專利申請公告第2010-0041992號提出不含單體的硬塗膜組成物,其使用包括紫外光可固化的聚胺甲酸酯丙烯酸酯低聚物之黏合劑樹脂。但是,此硬塗膜的鉛筆硬度約3H,不足以代替用於顯示器的玻璃面板。
據此,提出本發明以解決上述問題,本發明之目的係提出可用以形成具有高硬度且不會捲曲、纏結或破裂的硬塗膜之硬塗料組成物。
欲達到以上目的,本發明的一個特點係提出一種硬塗料組成物,其包括:含有三-至六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體之黏合劑;無機粒子;光引發劑;和有機溶劑,其中固體含量包括黏合劑、無機粒子和光引發劑,固體含量對有機溶劑之重量比為70:30至99:1。
本發明的另一特點係提出一種無溶劑的硬塗料組成物,其包括:含有三-至六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體之黏合劑;無機粒子;和光引發劑。
此硬塗料組成物可用以製造可施用於行動裝置、顯示裝置、儀器等之正面面板或顯示面板的硬塗膜,其原因在於硬塗膜具有高硬度、高耐刮性和高透光性且因為其加工性高而不易捲曲或破裂。
根據其特點,本發明提出一種硬塗料組成物,其包括:含有三-至六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體之黏合劑;無機粒子;光引發劑;和有機溶劑,其中固體含量包括黏合劑、無機粒子和光引發劑,固體含量對有機溶劑之重量比為70:30至99:1。
根據另一特點,本發明提出一種無溶劑的硬塗料組成物,其包括:含有三-至六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為
基礎的單體之黏合劑;無機粒子;和光引發劑。
本發明中,“第一”、“第二”等用以描述各種構份,僅用於區分構份彼此之目的。
此外,本說明書中所用的詞彙僅用以說明本發明,不欲限制本發明。只要說明書中未明確地彼此區分,單數詞意包括複數詞意。本說明書中,“包括”、“包含”、“具有”等是指表徵、步驟、構份和彼等之組合,且必須瞭解並非事先排除一或多種其他表徵、步驟、構份和彼等之組合之存在或增加。
此外,本發明中,當提及各構份形成於各構份“上”、“之上”或“上方”時,是指直接形成於各構份上或另一構份另形成於層間、物件上或基板上。
由於本發明可經各種形式修飾,所以將詳細描述本發明之較佳的具體實施例。雖已提出這些具體實施例用於說明,應瞭解本發明將不限於此,且嫻於此技術者將瞭解在不背離本發明之範圍和精神的情況下,各種修飾、增加和取代為可行者。
下文中,將詳細描述本發明之較佳的具體實施例。
根據本發明之具體實施例之硬塗料組成物包括:含有三-至六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體之黏合劑;無機粒子;光引發劑;和有機溶劑,其中固體含量包括黏合劑、無機粒子和光引發劑,固體含量對有機溶劑之重量比為70:30至99:1。
本說明書中,“以丙烯酸酯為基礎”意欲含括丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、和彼等之具各種取代基之衍生物。
該三-至六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體的
例子可包括三丙烯酸三羥甲基丙烷酯(TMPTA)、三丙烯酸三羥甲基丙烷乙氧酯(TMPEOTA)、甘油-丙氧化的三丙烯酸酯(GPTA)、四丙烯酸季戊四醇酯(PETA)、六丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯(DPHA)等。該三-至六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體可以單獨使用或彼等併用。
根據本發明之具體實施例,此黏合劑可以另包括單-至二-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體。
該單-至二-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體的例子包括丙烯酸羥乙酯(HEA)、甲基丙烯酸羥乙酯(HEMA)、二丙烯酸己二醇酯(HDDA)、二丙烯酸三丙二醇酯(TPGDA)、二丙烯酸乙二醇酯(EGDA)等。該單-至二-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體亦可以單獨使用或彼等併用。
根據本發明之具體實施例,相對於100重量份之包括黏合劑、無機粒子和光引發劑的固體含量,此黏合劑含量約35至85重量份或約45至約80重量份。黏合劑的量在以上範圍內時,可形成高硬度塗覆膜,因為其極佳的加工性而減少捲曲或破裂之發生。
此外,當此黏合劑另包括單-至二-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體時,未特別限制單-至二-官能性以丙
烯酸酯為基礎的單體對六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體之含量比。根據本發明之具體實施例,所含括之單-至二-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體和三-至六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體之重量比可為約1:99至約50:50,約10:90至約50:50,或約20:80至約40:60。當所含括之單-至二-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體和三-至六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體之重量比在以上範圍內時,硬塗層可具有高硬度和撓曲性且未損及其他物理性質,如捲曲性、耐光性等。
根據本發明之具體實施例,此黏合劑可以另包括光可固化的彈性聚合物。
本說明書中,光可固化的彈性聚合物是指彈性並含有可藉UV照射而交聯聚合之官能基的聚合物材料。
根據本發明之具體實施例,此光可固化的彈性聚合物根據ASTM D638測定之拉長率為約15%或更高,例如,約15至約200%,約20至約200%,或約20至約150%。
當本發明之硬塗料組成物另包括光可固化的彈性聚合物時,此光可固化的彈性聚合物與三-至六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體交聯聚合並於之後固化形成硬塗層,其撓曲性和耐衝擊性獲改良。
當黏合劑另包括光可固化的彈性聚合物時,未特別限制光可固化的彈性聚合物對三-至六-官能性以丙
烯酸酯為基礎的單體之含量比。但是,根據本發明之具體實施例,所含括之此光可固化的彈性聚合物和三-至六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體之重量比可為約5:95至約20:80。當所含括的此光可固化的彈性聚合物和三-至六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體在以上重量比的範圍內時,硬塗層可被賦予高硬度和高撓曲性且未損及其他物理性質,如捲曲特性、耐光性等,且,特別地,可防止硬塗層因外在衝擊而受損,藉此而確保極佳的耐衝擊性。
根據本發明之具體實施例,此光可固化的彈性聚合物可為重量平均分子量為約1,000至約600,000克/莫耳或約10,000至約600,000克/莫耳之聚合物或低聚物。
此光可固化的彈性聚合物可為選自聚己內酯、以胺甲酸酯丙烯酸酯為基礎的聚合物、和聚輪烷(polyrotaxane)中之至少一者。
在作為光可固化的彈性聚合物之聚合物中,聚己內酯係藉己內酯的開環聚合反應形成,並具有極佳的物理性質,如撓曲性、耐衝擊性、耐久性等。
此以胺甲酸酯丙烯酸酯為基礎的聚合物保留胺甲酸酯鍵以具有極佳的彈性和耐久性。
聚輪烷係輪烷之聚合物,一種機械上互鎖的分子構造,其由啞鈴形分子所組成,該啞鈴形分子穿透環狀原子團(巨環)。由於啞鈴(止動部)的末端大於環的內徑並防止構件脫離(因為此須要共價鍵的明顯扭曲),
所以輪烷的兩個構件在動力上受到限制。
根據本發明之具體實施例,光可固化的彈性聚合物可包括聚輪烷,該聚輪烷包含共軛至巨環末端之具有(甲基)丙烯酸酯原子團的內酯化合物彼此鍵結之環狀原子團(巨環);維持於巨環內的螺紋形原子團;和位於螺紋形原子團兩端以防止巨環解離的止動部(stopper)。
此情況中,可以無限制地使用環狀部分(巨環),只要其尺寸能夠環繞螺紋形原子團即可。此環狀原子團(巨環)可包括官能基,如羥基、胺基、羧基、巰基、醛基之類,其可以與其他聚合物或化合物反應。環狀原子團(巨環)的特定例子可包括α-環糊精、β-環糊精、γ-環糊精和彼等之混合物。
此外,可以無限制地使用螺紋形原子團,只要其為具有預定或更高重量且通常為直鏈者即可。較佳地,聚伸烷基化合物或聚內酯化合物可用於螺紋形原子團。特定言之,包括1至8個碳原子的氧伸烷基重覆單元之聚氧伸烷基化合物或包括3至10個碳原子的內酯重覆單元之聚內酯化合物可用於此螺紋形原子團。
同時,取決於欲製造的輪烷化合物的特性,止動部可經適當調整。例如,止動部可為選自二硝基苯基、環糊精、金剛烷基、三苯甲基、螢光黃基、和芘基中之至少一者。
由於聚輪烷的耐刮性極佳,所以當其受到外在損害和形成刮痕時,其可具有自身恢復力。
本發明之硬塗料組成物包括無機粒子。此處,所含括的無機粒子分散於黏合劑中。
根據本發明之具體實施例,可以使用粒子尺寸約100奈米或更低,或約10至約100奈米,或約10至約50奈米的無基奈米粒子作為無機微粒。例如,氧化矽粒子、氧化鋁粒子、氧化鈦粒子或氧化鋅粒子可作為無機粒子。
硬塗料組成物包括無機粒子,藉此進一步改良硬塗膜的硬度。
根據本發明之具體實施例,相對於100重量份包括黏合劑、無機粒子和光引發劑的固體含量,此無機粒子含量為約10至約60重量份或約20至約50重量份。無機粒子的存在量在以上範圍內時,可達到藉由添加無機粒子而改良硬塗膜之硬度的效果且不會損及彼之物理性質。
本發明之硬塗料組成物包括光引發劑。
根據本發明之具體實施例,光引發劑的例子可包括,但不限於,1-羥基-環己基-苯基酮、2-羥基-2-甲基-1-苯基-1-丙酮、2-羥基-1-[4-(2-羥基乙氧基)苯基]-2-甲基-1-丙酮、甲基苄醯基甲酸酯、α,α-二甲氧基-α-苯基乙醯苯、2-苄醯基-2-(二甲基胺基)-1-[4-(4-嗎啉基)苯基]-1-丁酮、2-甲基-1-[4-(甲巰基)苯基]-2-(4-嗎啉基)-1-丙酮、二苯基(2,4,6-三甲基苄醯基)氧化膦、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苄醯基)-苯基氧化膦等。此外,市售光引
發劑的例子可包括Irgacure 184、Irgacure 500、Irgacure 651、Irgacure 369、Irgacure 907、Darocur 1173、Darocur MBF、Irgacure 819、Darovur TPO、Irgacure 907、Esacure KIP 100F等。這些光引發劑可以單獨使用或以彼等之混合物使用。
根據本發明之具體實施例,相對於100重量份包括黏合劑、無機粒子和光引發劑的固體含量,此光引發劑的含量為約0.5至約10重量份或約1至約5重量份。光引發劑的存在量在以上範圍內時,可以充份進行交聯-光聚合反應且不會損及硬塗膜的物理性質。
同時,除了前述黏合劑、無機粒子和光引發劑以外,本發明之硬塗料組成物可以另包括常用的添加劑,如,界面活性劑、黃化抑制劑、均化劑、防污劑等。此處,未特別限制添加劑的含量,此因彼等的含量可經各種調整,且不損及本發明之硬塗料組成物的物理性質之故。例如,相對於100重量份固體含量,添加劑的含量可為約0.1至約10重量份。
根據本發明之具體實施例,例如,硬塗料組成物可包括界面活性劑作為添加劑。此界面活性劑可為單-至二-官能性以氟為基礎的丙烯酸酯、以氟為基礎的界面活性劑或以矽為基礎的界面活性劑。此處,此界面活性劑可以分散於光可固化的交聯共聚物中或與光可固化的交聯共聚物交聯的形式含括於其中。
此外,硬塗料組成物可包括黃化抑制劑作為
添加劑。黃化抑制劑可為二苯基酮化合物或苯并三唑化合物。
本發明之硬塗料組成物包括有機溶劑。
根據本發明之具體實施例之硬塗料組成物中,有機溶劑的含量使得固體含量:有機溶劑的重量比為約70:30至約99:1,此固體含量包括黏合劑、無機粒子和光引發劑。如前述者,當彼之固體含量高時,得到高黏度組成物,並因此而可形成厚塗層,藉此形成厚度為50微米或更高的厚硬塗層。
根據本發明之具體實施例,有機溶劑的例子可包括:醇類,如甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇、丁醇等;烷氧基醇類,如2-甲氧基乙醇、2-乙氧基乙醇、1-甲氧基-2-丙醇等;酮類,如丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基異丁基酮、甲基丙基酮、環己酮等;醚類,如丙二醇單丙醚、丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單丙醚、乙二醇單丁醚、二乙二醇單甲醚、二乙二醇單乙醚、二乙二醇單丙醚、二乙二醇單丁醚、二乙二醇-2-乙基己醚等;和芳族溶劑,如苯、甲苯、二甲苯等。這些有機溶劑可以單獨使用或以彼等之混合物使用。
根據本發明之具體實施例,未特別限制此硬塗料組成物的黏度,只要其具有適當的流動性和塗覆性即可,但此硬塗料組成物可以具有高黏度,此因其固體含量相當高之故。例如,此硬塗料組成物的25℃黏度可為約100至約1,200cps,約150至約1,200cps,或約300至
約1,200cps。
此外,本發明提出無溶劑的硬塗料組成物,包括:含有三-至六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體之黏合劑;無機粒子;和光引發劑。
根據本發明之具體實施例,黏合劑可以另包括單-至二-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體或光可固化的彈性聚合物。
無溶劑的硬塗料組成物中之三-至六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體、單-至二-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體、光可固化的彈性聚合物、無機粒子、光引發劑、添加劑等如前文關於含溶劑的硬塗料組成物中所述者。但是,無溶劑的硬塗料組成物所具有的黏度高於含溶劑的硬塗料組成物所具有者,此因前者不包括有機溶劑之故。例如,本發明之硬塗料組成物的25℃黏度為約300至約1,200cps,約500至約1,200cps或約800至約1,200cps。
包括前述組份之含溶劑或無溶劑的硬塗料組成物施用於承載基板上並於之後光固化而形成硬塗層。
特別地,欲將硬塗膜用於行動終端機(如智慧型手機)所用的外殼或用於平板電腦的外殼,重要的是,硬塗膜的硬度改良至能夠以硬塗膜代替玻璃的程度。此情況中,欲改良硬塗膜的硬度,基本上,必須將硬塗層的厚度提高至預定厚度,例如,50微米或更高,70微米或更高,或100微米或更高。但是,隨著硬塗層厚度的提
高,固化收縮所造成的捲曲現象亦提高,使得硬塗層對承載基板之黏著降低,且硬塗膜易捲起。因此,另進行使得承載基板平坦化的方法,但此方法的問題在於硬塗層破裂。
此硬塗料組成物可用以形成具有高透明度和高硬度的硬塗層,此因甚至當其濃厚地施於承載基板上並固化時,也不易捲曲或破裂之故。例如,使用本發明之硬塗料組成物,可形成厚度約50微米或更高,約50至約150微米,或約70微米至約100微米的硬塗層。
使用本發明之硬塗料組成物形成硬塗層時,可藉相關領域常用的方法形成硬塗層。
例如,首先,本發明之硬塗料組成物施於承載基板的一面上。此處,未特別限制施用硬塗料組成物的方法,只要其可用於相關領域即可。例如,可藉棒塗法、刮刀塗法、滾筒塗法、葉片塗法、模具塗法、微凹版印刷塗法、間隔塗法、縫隙模具塗法、澆嘴塗法之類的方式施用。
施用硬塗料組成物之後,可以選擇性地進行使已施用硬塗料組成物的表面安定化的程序。此程序可藉由使經硬塗料組成物塗覆的承載基板於預定溫度進行熱處理的方式進行。因此,施用的硬塗料組成物變平,且硬塗料組成物中所含括的揮發性組份揮發,藉此而使得彼之表面安定化。
之後,已施於承載基板上的硬塗料組成物以
紫外光照射以使得硬塗料組成物光固化,藉此形成硬塗層。
當使用本發明之硬塗料組成物,硬塗層形成於承載基板的兩面上時,首先,第一硬塗料組成物施於承載基板的一面上並經光固化,之後第二硬塗料組成物施於彼之另一面上並經光固化。即,可藉二步驟法形成硬塗層。
第二光固化步驟中,照射紫外光係自承載基板之經第一硬塗料組成物塗覆的面之反面進行,因為在第一光固化步驟中之固化收縮而形成的捲曲在與第一硬塗料組成物相反的方向上放鬆,藉此而得到平坦的硬塗膜。因此,不須額外的平坦化程序。
包括使用本發明之硬塗料組成物而形成的硬塗層之硬塗膜曝於溫度為50℃或更高和濕度為80%或更高的條件下70小時或更久並於之後置於平板上時,硬塗膜的各邊緣與平板分隔的最大距離可為約1.0毫米或更低,約0.6毫米或更低,或約0.3毫米或更低。更特定言之,當硬塗膜曝於溫度為50至90℃且濕度為80至90%的環境下70至100小時或更久並於之後置於平板上時,硬塗膜的各邊緣與平板分隔的最大距離可為約1.0毫米或更低,約0.6毫米或更低,或約0.3毫米或更低。
因為具有高硬度、耐刮性、透明性、耐久性、耐光性和透光性,所以使用含括本發明之硬塗料組成物所形成的硬塗層之硬塗膜可用於各種領域。
例如,使用含括本發明之硬塗料組成物所形成的硬塗層之硬塗膜在1公斤載重下的鉛筆硬度可為7H或更高,8H或更高或9H或更高。
此外,摩擦試驗機放置鋼絨#0000且此鋼絨#0000在500克載重下在本發明的硬塗膜上往復摩擦400次時,在硬塗膜上形成的刮痕數為2或更低。
此外,使用本含括本發明之硬塗料組成物所形成的硬塗層之硬塗膜的透光率為91.0%或更高,或92.0%或更高,且濁度為1.0%或更低,0.5%或更低,或0.4%或更低。
此外,使用含括本發明之硬塗料組成物所形成的硬塗層之硬塗膜的初始顏色b值為1.0或更低。此外,藉紫外燈,當此硬塗膜曝於UV-B下72小時或更久時,介於硬塗膜的初始顏色b*值和硬塗膜曝於UV-B之後的顏色b*值之間的差值可為0.5或更低,或0.4或更低。
如前述者,包括使用本發明之硬塗料組成物所形成的硬塗層之硬塗膜可用於各種領域。例如,本發明之硬塗膜可用於行動終端機、智慧型手機或平板電腦的觸控面板及顯示器或裝置的外殼。
下文中,將以參考以下實例的方式,更詳細地描述本發明。但是,這些實例用以說明本發明,且本發明之範圍不受限於此。
在反應器中,50克經己內酯接枝的聚輪烷聚合物[A1000,Advanced Soft Material INC]與4.53克Karenz-AOI[異氰酸2-丙烯醯基乙酯,Showadenko Inc.]、20毫克二月桂酸二丁錫[DBTDL,Merck Corp.]、110毫克氫醌單甲醚和315克甲基乙基酮混合。之後,混合物於70℃反應5小時以得到聚輪烷,此聚輪烷中,具有共軛至彼之末端的丙烯酸酯原子團之聚內酯作為巨環而環糊精作為止動部。
所得聚輪烷的重量平均分子量為600,000克/莫耳,其拉長率是20%,此係根據ASTM D638測定。
2克丙烯酸羥乙酯(HEA)、經粒子尺寸20~30奈米的氧化矽奈米粒子以約40重量%分散的8克氧化矽-六丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯(DPHA)複合物(氧化矽3.2克,DPHA 4.8克)、0.2克光引發劑(商標名稱:Darocur TPO)、0.1克以苯并三唑為基礎的黃化抑制劑(商標名稱:Tinuvin 400)和0.05克以氟為基礎的界面活性劑(商標名稱:FC4430)混合而製造第一硬塗料組成物。亦藉相同方式製造第二硬塗膜。
第一硬塗料組成物施於尺寸為15公分×20公分且厚度為188微米的PET承載基板的一面上。之後,
使用黑光螢光燈,經第一硬塗料組成物塗覆之PET承載基板以波長280-350奈米的紫外光照射,以使得第一硬塗料組成物被光固化。
第二硬塗料組成物施用在此PET承載基板的另一面上。之後,使用黑光螢光燈,經第二硬塗料組成物塗覆之PET承載基板以波長280-350奈米的紫外光照射,以使得第二硬塗料組成物被光固化,藉此製造硬塗膜。此處,形成於PET承載基板的兩面上之第一和第二硬塗層的厚度各為100微米。
以與實例1相同的方式製造硬塗膜,但使用2克二丙烯酸9-乙二醇酯(9-EGDA)代替2克丙烯酸羥乙酯(HEA)。
以與實例1相同的方式製造硬塗膜,但使用2克丙烯酸羥乙酯(HEA)和經粒子尺寸20~30奈米的氧化矽奈米粒子以約40重量%分散的8克氧化矽-三丙烯酸三羥甲基丙烷酯(TMPTA)複合物(氧化矽4克,TMPTA 4克)代替2克丙烯酸羥乙酯(HEA)和8克氧化矽-六丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯(DPHA)複合物。
2克丙烯酸羥乙酯(HEA)、經粒子尺寸20~30奈米的氧化矽奈米粒子以約40重量%分散的8克氧化矽-六丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯(DPHA)複合物(氧化矽3.2克,DPHA 4.8克)、0.2克光引發劑(商標名稱:Darocur TPO)、0.1克以苯并三唑為基礎的黃化抑制劑(商標名稱:Tinuvin 400)和0.05克以氟為基礎的界面活性劑(商標名稱:FC4430)溶於2克甲基乙基酮(MEK)中以製造第一和第二硬塗料組成物。
第一和第二硬塗料組成物各者施用在尺寸為15公分×20公分且厚度為180微米的PC/PMMA共擠出承載基板上。之後,以與實例1相同的方式製造硬塗膜。
經粒子尺寸20~30奈米的氧化矽奈米粒子以約40重量%分散的9克氧化矽-六丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯(DPHA)複合物(氧化矽3.6克,DPHA 5.4克)、1克製造例1的聚輪烷、0.2克光引發劑(商標名稱:Darocur TPO)、0.1克以苯并三唑為基礎的黃化抑制劑(商標名稱:Tinuvin 400)和0.05克以氟為基礎的界面活性劑(商標名稱:FC4430)混合以製造第一硬塗料組成物。以相同的方式製造第二硬塗膜。
使用條塗覆機,第一和第二硬塗料組成物施用在尺寸為15公分×20公分且厚度為188微米的PET承載基板的兩面上。之後,其兩面經第一和第二硬塗料組成
物塗覆的承載基板通過紫外光(UV)照射器之間,各個照射器放置一個發射290~320奈米波長的金屬鹵素燈且承載基板的上方和下方皆配備一個照射器,以光固化此硬塗料組成物,藉此而在承載基板的兩面上形成硬塗層。
形成於承載基板兩面上之第一和第二硬塗層各者的厚度各為100微米。
以與實例1相同的方式製造硬塗膜,但使用1克以胺甲酸酯丙烯酸酯為基礎的聚合物(商標名稱:UA200PA,Shinnakamura Chemicals Corp.,重量平均分子量:2,600克/莫耳)代替1克製造例1的聚輪烷。
以與實例1相同的方式製造硬塗膜,但使用1克以胺甲酸酯丙烯酸酯為基礎的聚合物(商標名稱:UA340P,Shinnakamura Chemicals Corp.,重量平均分子量:13,000克/莫耳,ASTM D638測得的拉長率:150%)代替1克製造例1的聚輪烷。
與實例1相同的方式製造硬塗膜,但僅使用10克六丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯(DPHA)代替丙烯酸羥乙酯(HEA)和氧化矽-六丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯(DPHA)複合
物。
以與實例1相同的方式製造硬塗膜,但第一和第二硬塗料組成物之組份改為以下的表1所示者。
實例1至7和比較例1至3之第一和第二硬塗料組成物的組份和含量彙整於以下的表1。
1)鉛筆硬度
根據Japanese Standard JIS K5400評估鉛筆硬度。此處,鉛筆硬度計在1.0公斤載重下,在各硬塗膜上往復三次,以測定未觀察到刮痕時的硬度。
2)耐刮性
載至摩擦試驗機之後,鋼絨(#0000)在0.5公斤載重下,在各硬塗膜上往復400次,計算藉此形成的刮痕數。藉標記評估膜的耐刮性:O代表刮痕數為2或更少,△代表刮痕數為2至低於5,而x代表刮痕數為5或更多。
3)捲曲性
當經第一硬塗料組成物塗覆的承載基板經光固化時,切成尺寸為10公分×10公分並置於平板上,測定承載基板的各邊緣與平板分隔的最大距離。
4)耐光性
硬塗膜在曝於來自UV燈的UVB 72小時之前和之後的顏色b*值差異。
5)透光率和濁度
使用光譜儀(品牌名稱:COH-400)測定硬塗膜的透光率和濁度。
6)於溫度和濕度下的捲曲性
各硬塗膜切成尺寸為10公分×10公分時,在溫度85℃和濕度85%的室中儲存72小時及之後置於平板上,測定硬塗膜的各邊緣與平板分隔的最大距離。
7)圓柱彎曲試驗
各硬塗膜纏繞在直徑3公分的圓柱形心軸上,之後測定各硬塗膜是否破裂。若各硬塗膜未破裂,則評估為OK,若其破裂則評估為X。
8)耐衝擊性
藉由測定22克鋼球自高度40公分處落在硬塗膜上時,各硬塗膜是否破裂而評估各硬塗膜的耐衝擊性。各硬塗膜未破裂,則評估為OK,若其破裂則評估為X。
硬塗膜之物理性質的測定結果彙整於以下的表2和3。
如以上的表2和3所示者,可確定使用實例1至7之硬塗料組成物所製得之所有的硬塗膜具有良好的物理性質。
Claims (25)
- 一種硬塗料組成物,其包含:含有三-至六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體之黏合劑;無機粒子;光引發劑;和有機溶劑,其中固體含量包括黏合劑、無機粒子和光引發劑,而該固體含量對有機溶劑之重量比為70:30至99:1。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之硬塗料組成物,其中該三-至六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體包括選自三丙烯酸三羥甲基丙烷酯(TMPTA)、三丙烯酸三羥甲基丙烷乙氧酯(TMPEOTA)、甘油-丙氧化的三丙烯酸酯(GPTA)、四丙烯酸季戊四醇酯(PETA)、和六丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯(DPHA)中之至少一者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之硬塗料組成物,其中該黏合劑另包括單-至二-官能性以丙烯酸為基礎之單體。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項之硬塗料組成物,其中該黏合劑所包括之該單-至二-官能性以丙烯酸為基礎之單體對該三-至六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體的重量比為1:99至50:50。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項之硬塗料組成物,其中該單-至二-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體選自包括丙烯酸羥乙酯(HEA)、甲基丙烯酸羥乙酯(HEMA)、二丙烯酸 己二醇酯(HDDA)、二丙烯酸三丙二醇酯(TPGDA)、和二丙烯酸乙二醇酯(EGDA)中之至少一者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之硬塗料組成物,其中該黏合劑另包括光可固化的彈性聚合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項之硬塗料組成物,其中該光可固化的彈性聚合物根據ASTM D638測定的拉長率為15至200%。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項之硬塗料組成物,其中該光可固化的彈性聚合物包括選自聚己內酯、以胺甲酸酯丙烯酸酯為基礎的聚合物、和聚輪烷(polyrotaxane)中之至少一者。
- 如申請專利範圍第8項之硬塗料組成物,其中該聚輪烷包括:共軛至巨環端點之具有(甲基)丙烯酸酯原子團的內酯化合物彼此鍵結之巨環;維持於該巨環內的螺紋形原子團;和位於該螺紋形原子團兩端以防止巨環解離的止動部(stopper)。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之硬塗料組成物,其中該無機粒子分散於黏合劑中。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之硬塗料組成物,其中該無機粒子的粒子尺寸為100奈米或更低。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之硬塗料組成物,其中該無機粒子包括選自氧化矽奈米粒子、氧化鋁奈米粒子、氧化鈦奈米粒子和氧化鋅奈米粒子中之至少一者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之硬塗料組成物,其另包 含添加劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第13項之硬塗料組成物,其中該添加劑包括選自單-至二-官能性以氟為基礎的丙烯酸酯、以氟為基礎的界面活性劑、和以矽為基礎的界面活性劑中之至少一者。
- 如申請專利範圍第13項之硬塗料組成物,其中該添加劑包括黃化抑制劑(包括二苯基酮化合物或苯并三唑化合物)。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之硬塗料組成物,其中以100重量份的固體計,該硬塗料組成物包含35至85重量份的黏合劑、10至60重量份的無機粒子和0.5至10重量份的光引發劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之硬塗料組成物,其中該硬塗料組成物的25℃黏度為100至1,200cps。
- 一種無溶劑的硬塗料組成物,其包含:含有三-至六-官能性以丙烯酸酯為基礎的單體之黏合劑;無機粒子;和光引發劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第18項之硬塗料組成物,其中該無機粒子分散於黏合劑中。
- 如申請專利範圍第18項之硬塗料組成物,其中以100重量份的硬塗料組成物計,該硬塗料組成物包含35至85重量份的黏合劑、10至60重量份的無機粒子和0.5 至10重量份的光引發劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第18項之硬塗料組成物,其中該黏合劑另包括光可固化的彈性聚合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第21項之硬塗料組成物,其中該光可固化的彈性聚合物根據ASTM D638測定之拉長率為15至200%。
- 如申請專利範圍第21項之硬塗料組成物,其中該光可固化的彈性聚合物包括選自聚己內酯、以胺甲酸酯丙烯酸酯為基礎之聚合物和聚輪烷(polyrotaxane)中之至少一者。
- 如申請專利範圍第23項之硬塗料組成物,其中該聚輪烷包括:共軛至巨環端點之具有(甲基)丙烯酸酯原子團的內酯化合物彼此鍵結之巨環;維持於該巨環內的螺紋形原子團;和位於該螺紋形原子團兩端以防止巨環解離的止動部。
- 如申請專利範圍第18項之硬塗料組成物,其中該硬塗料組成物的25℃黏度為300至1,200cps。
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