JP2010534383A - ガーネット構造を有するイオン伝導体 - Google Patents
ガーネット構造を有するイオン伝導体 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、電池、スーパーコンデンサ、蓄電池及びエレクトロクロミックデバイス、化学センサ及び熱電変換器中での、ガーネット様構造を有する化学的に安定な固体イオン伝導体の使用、並びにこれらの使用のために適している新規の化合物に関する。
Lは、それぞれ無関係に、任意の有利には一価のカチオンであり、
Aは、それぞれ無関係に、一価、二価、三価又は四価のカチオンであり、
Gは、それぞれ無関係に、一価、二価、三価又は四価のカチオンであり、
Mは、それぞれ無関係に、三価、四価又は五価のカチオンであり、
0<x≦3、0≦y≦3、0≦z≦3及び
式中、Oは、部分的に又は完全に、二価及び/又は三価のアニオン、例えばN3-によって置き換えられていてよい。
[式中
Lは、それぞれ無関係に、一価のカチオンであり、
Aは、それぞれ無関係に、二価のカチオンであり、
Gは、それぞれ無関係に、三価のカチオンであり、
0≦x≦3、及び
Oは、部分的に又は完全に、二価又は三価のアニオン、例えばN3-によって置き換えられていてよい]を有する、ガーネット様結晶構造を有する固体イオン伝導体に関する。
図1:
空気中で18℃にて測定した、厚みのあるペレット(厚さ1.02cm及び直径0.92cm)におけるLi7La3Zr2O12の交流インピーダンス曲線。まっすぐに引かれた線は、等価プログラム(EQUIVALENT−Programm)(B.A.Boukamp,Equivalent Circuit,Version 4.55,1997,Faculty of Chemical Technology,University o Twente,7500 AE Enschede(Niederlande),Bericht Nr.CT88/265/128/CT89/214/128,Mai 1989)の使用下で(RbQb)(RgbQgb)(Qel)(その際、Rは抵抗であり、且つQは、コンスタントフェーズエレメント(konstante Phasenelement)であり、且つ添え字g、gb及びelは、粒体積、粒界及び電極を意味する)からの等価回路を用いたシミュレートデータを表している。Li7La3Zr2O12の薄いペレット(厚さ0.18cm及び直径0.98cm)について、空気中で18℃にて測定したインピーダンス曲線は、追加挿入部分に図示している。
a)2回の連続して続く加熱サイクル及び冷却サイクルにおいて得られたLi7La3Zr2O12の厚みのあるペレットのバルク伝導率及び全伝導率(バルク境界及び粒界)に関するアレニウス曲線。
電池適用について考慮に入れられるLi7La3Zr2O12及び他の公知のリチウムイオン伝導体の全伝導率(バルク+粒界)の比較。
Li7La3Zr2O12及びJoint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standardsに従った公知のガーネット相Li5La3Nb2O12の標準サンプルの測定粉末XRDサンプル。
Li7La3Zr2O12の厚みのあるペレットについて、空気中で25℃及び50℃にて測定した交流インピーダンス曲線。
Li7La3Zr2O12の薄いペレットについて、空気中で25℃及び50℃にて測定した交流インピーダンス曲線。高い周波数での更なるフローは、追加挿入部分としてはめ込んでいる。
2回の連続して続く加熱サイクル及び冷却サイクルにおいて得られたLi7La3Zr2O12からの薄いペレットのバルク−及び全体の(バルク及び粒界)伝導率についてのアレニウス曲線。
a)溶融されたリチウムの作用前のLi7La3Zr2O12ペレット及びモリブデンるつぼの写真、b)溶融されたリチウム中のLi7La3Zr2O12ペレットの写真及びc)48hの溶融されたリチウムの作用直後のLi7La3Zr2O12ペレット及びモリブデンるつぼの写真。図c)に映し出された写真は、ペレットの色が変化せず(象牙色)、且つ反応生成物が形成されないことを示している。
LiOH(Alfa Aesar社、>99%)、焼結プロセス中のLi損失を調整するために、200℃にて6h前乾燥し、10質量%の過剰量で使用した;
La2O3(Alfa Aesar社、>99.99%)、900℃にて24h前乾燥した;及び
ZrO2(Aldrich社、>99%)。
Claims (20)
- 電極の前方の電極/保護層のためのコーティングとしてのガーネット様結晶構造を有する固体イオン伝導体の使用。
- ガーネット様結晶構造を有する固体イオン伝導体によりコーティングされている電極。
- 請求項2記載の1つ以上の電極を包含する電池。
- 化学量論的組成L7+xAxG3-xZr2O12
[式中、
Lは、それぞれ無関係に、一価のカチオンであり、
Aは、それぞれ無関係に、二価のカチオンであり、
Gは、それぞれ無関係に、三価のカチオンであり、
0≦x≦3、及び
式中、Oは、部分的に又は完全に、二価又は三価のアニオン、例えばN3-によって置き換えられていてよい]を有する、ガーネット様結晶構造を有する固体イオン伝導体。 - 0≦x≦1である、請求項4記載の固体イオン伝導体。
- Lが、Li、Na及び/又はKから選択されている、請求項4又は5記載の固体イオン伝導体。
- L=Naである、請求項6記載の固体イオン伝導体。
- Aが、二価のアルカリ土類金属カチオンである、請求項4から7までのいずれか1項記載の固体イオン伝導体。
- Aが、Ca、Sr及び/又はBaから選択されている、請求項4から8までのいずれか1項記載の固体イオン伝導体。
- 前記化学量論的組成がLi7La3Zr2O12である、請求項4から6までのいずれか1項記載の固体イオン伝導体。
- L、A、G及びZrの塩及び/又は酸化物を互いに反応させることを特徴とする、請求項4から10までのいずれか1項記載の固体イオン伝導体の製造法。
- 前記反応を、前駆体法、例えばペチニ法、グリシン法を用いて、及び前記成分の溶解した塩の沈殿反応を用いて行うことを特徴とする、請求項11記載の方法。
- 前記反応を、固相反応において行うことを特徴とする、請求項11記載の方法。
- L及びAを、硝酸塩、炭酸塩又は水酸化物の形で使用し、且つG2O3及びZrO2と反応させることを特徴とする、請求項11から13までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 以下の工程:
a)前記出発物質を混合し、且つ、好ましくは二酸化ジルコニウム容器及び二酸化ジルコニウムボールを用いて2−プロパノール中でボールミル粉砕する工程、
b)a)からの混合物を、空気中で2〜10時間400〜1000℃に加熱する工程、
c)好ましくは二酸化ジルコニウム容器及び二酸化ジルコニウムボールを用いて2−プロパノール中でボールミル粉砕する工程、
d)前記混合物を、等方圧で所望の形に圧縮する工程、及び
e)工程d)からの同じ組成の粉末で覆われた生成物を、10〜50時間700〜1200℃にて焼結する工程を包含する、請求項11、13又は14記載の方法。 - 工程b)において前記混合物を、6時間700℃に加熱し、且つ工程e)において24時間900℃にて焼結する、請求項15記載の方法。
- 電池、蓄電池、スーパーカップ、燃料電池、センサ、熱電変換器及び/又はエレクトロクロミックデバイス、例えば窓、ディスプレイ及びファサードにおける、請求項4から10までのいずれか1項記載の固体イオン伝導体の使用。
- 請求項4から10までのいずれか1項記載のイオン伝導体を使用する、請求項1記載の使用。
- 請求項4から10までのいずれか1項記載のイオン伝導体を使用する、請求項2記載の電極。
- 請求項19記載の1つ以上の電極を包含する電池。
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20140205910A1 (en) | 2014-07-24 |
| CN101952223A (zh) | 2011-01-19 |
| TW200910671A (en) | 2009-03-01 |
| DE102007030604A1 (de) | 2009-01-08 |
| US8658317B2 (en) | 2014-02-25 |
| TWI434452B (zh) | 2014-04-11 |
| KR20100053543A (ko) | 2010-05-20 |
| WO2009003695A3 (de) | 2010-02-04 |
| KR101539123B1 (ko) | 2015-07-23 |
| US20100203383A1 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
| JP2014241288A (ja) | 2014-12-25 |
| EP2176190A2 (de) | 2010-04-21 |
| JP5634865B2 (ja) | 2014-12-03 |
| US9450271B2 (en) | 2016-09-20 |
| CA2694259C (en) | 2015-06-23 |
| EP2176190B1 (de) | 2018-05-02 |
| WO2009003695A2 (de) | 2009-01-08 |
| CA2694259A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
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