TWI436949B - 化性穩定之固態鋰離子導體 - Google Patents

化性穩定之固態鋰離子導體 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
TWI436949B
TWI436949B TW094106655A TW94106655A TWI436949B TW I436949 B TWI436949 B TW I436949B TW 094106655 A TW094106655 A TW 094106655A TW 94106655 A TW94106655 A TW 94106655A TW I436949 B TWI436949 B TW I436949B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
ionic conductor
cation
hours
solid
mixture
Prior art date
Application number
TW094106655A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
TW200600461A (en
Inventor
Werner Weppner
Venkataraman Thangadurai
Original Assignee
Basf Se
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102004010892A external-priority patent/DE102004010892B3/de
Application filed by Basf Se filed Critical Basf Se
Publication of TW200600461A publication Critical patent/TW200600461A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI436949B publication Critical patent/TWI436949B/zh

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G1/00—Methods of preparing compounds of metals not covered by subclasses C01B, C01C, C01D, or C01F, in general
    • C01G1/02—Oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G35/00—Compounds of tantalum
    • C01G35/006—Compounds containing, besides tantalum, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01B21/082—Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals
    • C01B21/0821—Oxynitrides of metals, boron or silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G33/00—Compounds of niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G33/00—Compounds of niobium
    • C01G33/006—Compounds containing, besides niobium, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G35/00—Compounds of tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/495—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on vanadium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum or tungsten oxides or solid solutions thereof with other oxides, e.g. vanadates, niobates, tantalates, molybdates or tungstates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
    • C04B35/6261—Milling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
    • C04B35/6261—Milling
    • C04B35/6262—Milling of calcined, sintered clinker or ceramics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
    • H01M10/0562—Solid materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/14—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M6/18—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with solid electrolyte
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/30—Three-dimensional structures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
    • C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
    • C01P2002/77—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by unit-cell parameters, atom positions or structure diagrams
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/40—Electric properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3201—Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3201—Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3203—Lithium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
    • C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
    • C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
    • C04B2235/3213—Strontium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
    • C04B2235/3215—Barium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3224—Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
    • C04B2235/3227—Lanthanum oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3239—Vanadium oxides, vanadates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. magnesium vanadate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3284—Zinc oxides, zincates, cadmium oxides, cadmiates, mercury oxides, mercurates or oxide forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3294—Antimony oxides, antimonates, antimonites or oxide forming salts thereof, indium antimonate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
    • C04B2235/443—Nitrates or nitrites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/658—Atmosphere during thermal treatment
    • C04B2235/6587—Influencing the atmosphere by vaporising a solid material, e.g. by using a burying of sacrificial powder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
    • C04B2235/76—Crystal structural characteristics, e.g. symmetry
    • C04B2235/762—Cubic symmetry, e.g. beta-SiC
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
    • C04B2235/76—Crystal structural characteristics, e.g. symmetry
    • C04B2235/762—Cubic symmetry, e.g. beta-SiC
    • C04B2235/764—Garnet structure A3B2(CO4)3
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0068—Solid electrolytes inorganic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)

Description

化性穩定之固態鋰離子導體
本發明係關於特別指鋰離子導體之化性穩定固態導體，其製造及用於電池、累加器和電色裝置。
許多技術裝置需儲存高能量密度（及高功率密度）的可移動能源，其特別指行動電話及可攜式電腦（如筆記型電腦）。與此有關之可充電化學能量儲存，特別是二次電池和超級電容器極具重要性。
現在市面上販售之所謂的鋰離子電池可達到先前0.2至0.4瓦小時/立方釐米(Wh/cm3 )範圍的最高能量密度。其構成通常由含鋰鹽（如LiPF6 ）之液態有機溶劑（如EC/DEC）、插入鋰之石墨製成的陽極以及氧化鋰鈷製成的陰極，該鈷可部分或全部被鎳或錳所取代。
已習知該鋰離子電池的壽命極為有限而因此即使在裝置的可使用期間內仍需經常地更換。此外，其更換價格通常較為昂貴並且由於所含某些成分對環境造成危害故產生舊電池的廢棄問題。
在許多應用上已證明先前的技術之電池無法供應足夠的操作電力（如離線的筆記型電腦最多僅能操作數小時）。當電極用於如5伏特或以上之較高電壓時該電池在化學上極不穩定；電壓在約2.5伏特時其有機電解質成分開始分解。液態電解質易造成安全上的危險：除滲漏、火災和爆炸的危險之外，亦可能產生導致高自身放電(self－discharge)和熱的樹枝狀晶體生長。
液態電解質電池由於必需具有最小的厚度故基本上不適用於某些技術上的目的並且在如晶片卡之薄能源儲存上僅能用於有限的範圍。
亦已習知如Li2 , 9 PO3 , 3 N0 , 4 6 (Li3 － x PO4 － y Ny ，LIPON)之固態鋰離子導體並且已被用作為實驗室級的薄層電池。然而，這些材料和液態電解質比較通常具有極低的鋰導電性。具有最佳離子導電性的固態鋰離子導體係Li3 N及Li－β－氧化鋁。兩種化合物對水（濕氣）均極為敏感。室溫下Li3 N在0.445伏特電壓時已成分解狀態；Li－β－氧化鋁具有化學不穩定性。
Thangadurai等人之"石榴石型(garnet－type)Li5 La3 M2 O1 2 (M＝Nb,Ta)之新穎快速鋰離子導體"文獻中(J.Am.Ceram.Soc. 86, 437~440, 2003)鋰離子導體為具有石榴石狀的構造。
石榴石係一般組成物A3 B2 (SiO4 )3 的正矽酸鹽(orthosilicates)，其中A和B代表八配位(eight－coordinate)或六配位(six－coordinate)陽離子位置。個別的SiO4 四面體(tetrahedrons)為藉由離子鍵和格隙B陽離子相連接。
式Li5 La3 M2 O1 2 (M＝Nb,Ta)化合物具有一石榴石狀的構造。其對應化合物分別以晶格常數(lattice constant)a＝12.797或12.804結晶成一立方體對稱，其中M＝Nb或Ta。和理想石榴石構造相比較其每化學式單位多出16個鋰離子。La3 ＋ 和M5 ＋ 離子佔據八配位或六配位的位置，同時鋰原子佔據具有六重配位的位置。由於鹼/稀土金屬離子佔據十二面體（八－）配位的位置以及M原子佔據六配位的位置，因此理想石榴石構造和Li5 La3 M2 O1 2 之間具有類似性。其構造上的主要差異導因於理想石榴石構造內Si佔據具有四重氧配位的位置，同時在石榴石狀Li5 La3 M2 O1 2 內Li佔據高度扭曲的八面體位置。石榴石狀構造具有兩種類型的LiO6 四面體；這些較Li(II)O6 ．MO6 四面體更扭曲的Li(I)O6 係以立方體方式被六個LiO6 八面體和兩個空缺鋰原子位置所圍繞。此空缺位置的配置係沿著鄰近MO6 八面體之間的軸。
石榴石狀Li5 La3 M2 O1 2 化合物具有顯著的鋰離子導電性。石榴石狀構造內之體積電導率和晶粒邊界電導率傾向達到相當強度級的含鉭化合物Li5 La3 Ta2 O1 2 特別可為證明。因此其總電導率極高甚至高於Li－β－氧化鋁或Li9 AlSiO8 但仍遠低於LISICON或Li3 N的電導率。
本發明之目的為改善固態離子導體使其具有高離子導電性、低電子導電性及高化學穩定性。本發明之目的特別指鋰離子導體的改善。
已發現具有石榴石狀構造的材料具有極高的離子導電性。新穎固態離子導體正規上為源自組成物Li5 La3 M2 O1 2 之已知的石榴石狀構造。藉由異價取代作用(aliovalent substitution)可從此化合物產生具有極大改善離子導電性的石榴石狀構造。
異價取代作用係藉由另一氧化狀態離子取代一離子以及導致需要藉由陽離子空缺(vacancies)、陰離子空缺、格隙陽離子(interstitial cations)和/或格隙陰離子達成的電荷補償作用。
開始於習知的石榴石狀構造Li5 La3 M2 O1 2 可增加網絡的連接性(connectivity)，並且可用空缺位置的數目可根據本發明藉由異價取代作用而改變。就此而論異位取代以La3 ＋ 位置較佳，例如藉由雙價陽離子。電荷補償作用較佳為利用Li＋ 陽離子。可藉由適當的摻雜(doping)量身訂製此構造的導電性。
此外可根據本發明利用任何其他元素或元素的組合代替Li、La、M及O。藉由Li陽離子被其他金屬離子，特別指被鹼性離子，部分或全部的正規取代作用可獲得任何的離子導體。根據本發明之固態離子導體具有上述石榴石狀構造的特性。
因此本發明提供一種具有石榴石狀結晶構造的固態離子導體，其具有下述化學計量組成物：L5 ＋ x Ay Gz M2 O1 2 其中L分別係一獨立之較佳為任意的單價陽離子；A分別係一獨立的單價、雙價、三價或四價陽離子；G分別係一獨立的單價、雙價、三價或四價陽離子；M分別係一獨立的三價、四價或五價陽離子，0<x3, 0y3, 0z3以及其中O可被雙價和/或三價陰離子部分或全部取代，舉例而言如N3 － 。
此構造內的正規組成物L、A、G和M可相同或不同。
L最佳為一鹼金屬離子，例如Li＋ 、Na＋ 或K＋ 。亦極可能有關於此L之不同鹼金屬離子的組合。
A代表一任意的單價、雙價、三價或四價陽離子或其任何組合。A較佳為使用雙價金屬陽離子。最佳為鹼土金屬陽離子如Ca、Sr、Ba和/或Mg以及雙價過渡金屬陽離子舉例而言如Zn。
G代表一任意的雙價、三價、四價或五價陽離子或其任何組合。G較佳為使用三價金屬陽離子。G最佳為La。
M代表一任意的雙價、三價、四價或五價陽離子或其任何組合。M較佳為使用五價陽離子。M亦可為過渡金屬，其較佳為選自Nb和Ta。其他適合的五價陽離子之實施例為Sb和V。選擇M時選擇對還原反應具有高穩定性的過渡金屬離子有其優點。
上述組成物O2 － 的構造中可全部或部分被其他陰離子所取代。舉例而言全部或部分被其他雙價陰離子取代的O2 － 有其優點。此外O2 － 亦可以相應的電荷補償作用被三價的異價陰離子所取代。
此外在上述的組成物中0<x3，較佳為0<x2及最佳為0<x1；0y3，及0z3。以呈現全部無電荷石榴石狀構造的方法選擇成分的化學計量比。
在本發明一較佳的具體實施例中L係一單價陽離子、A係一雙價陽離子、G係一三價陽離子及M係一五價陽離子。此外在此較佳的具體實施例中化合物的化學計量較佳為：L5 ＋ x Ax G3 － x M2 O1 2 其中x的定義如上述及較佳為0<x1。
本發明一特殊態樣提供一化學計量組成物Li6 ALa2 M2 O1 2 之固態鋰離子導體，其A表示一雙價金屬及M表示一五價金屬。此正規組成物A和M的構造在各別實例中可相同或不同。
A較佳為選自鹼土金屬，較佳為Ca、Sr、Ba和/或Mg。A亦可選自雙價過渡金屬舉例而言如A＝Zn。A最佳為Sr或Ba。
M可為任何五價陽離子例如在氧化狀態＋V的金屬，M較佳為選自Nb和Ta的過渡金屬。其他適合之五價陽離子的實施例為Sb和V。當選擇M時以選取對被元素鋰還原具有高穩定性的過渡金屬離子較佳。M最佳為Ta。
組成物Li6 ALa2 M2 O1 2 之鋰離子導體具有石榴石狀的結晶構造。和組成物Li5 La3 M2 O1 2 之習知化合物相比較，La被一雙價離子A及一鋰陽離子所正規取代而因此可增加構造內的鋰原子比例。使用本發明之化合物的結果為使鋰離子導體獲得極大的改善。
和先前技術之化合物相比較，含組成物Li6 ALa2 M2 O1 2 的材料具有較高的鋰導電性。例如在20℃下10－ 5 秒/釐米之Li6 ALa2 Ta2 O1 2 (A＝Sr、Ba)的鋰導電性較高於LIPON一級的強度。由於本發明化合物之石榴石構造係立體等向性構造，故鋰離子在無更佳方向之下可於三度空間內導電。
其和本發明化合物之電子導電性對照之下相當微小。本發明化合物之多晶樣本呈現一低晶界電阻而使總電導率幾乎完全歸因於體積電導率。
此材料的另一優點係其高化學穩定性。當熱接觸熔化鋰時此材料特別呈現出無可偵測的變化。當溫度高至350℃及直流電壓高至6伏特時不會產生化學分解。
根據本發明另一態樣係關於製造具有石榴石狀構造之固態離子導體的方法。藉由適當的鹽類和/或含元素於其中之氧化物例如藉由固相反應形成此化合物。最適合的起始材料係硝酸鹽、碳酸鹽和氫氧化物，其在轉化的過程中被轉變成對應的氧化物。
本發明特別係關於製造組成物L5 ＋ x Ax G3 － x M2 O1 2 （如Li6 ALa2 M2 O1 2 ）之固態離子導體的方法。藉由A、G和M之適當鹽類和/或氧化物在一固相反應中與L之氫氧化物、硝酸鹽或碳酸鹽的反應可獲得此材料。此時之A和M係如上述所定義。雙價金屬A較佳為使用其硝酸鹽的形式。就此而論以Ca(NO3 )2 、Sr(NO3 )2 和Ba(NO3 )2 較佳。G較佳為使用La，其較佳為使用La2 O3 之形式。M用作為氧化物且較佳其中以Nb2 O5 和Ta2 O5 較佳。L較佳為使用LOH、LNO3 或L2 CO3 的形式，例如使用LiOH．H2 O較佳。在樣本的熱處理過程中為補償L（如L＝Li）的重量損失，較佳為使用過量的對應鹽類；例如以超過10%為宜。
在第一步驟的起始材料混合中例如在2－丙醇內藉由氧化鋯球磨機進行研磨。接著將依此方法獲得的混合物加熱數小時，較佳為在400~1000℃範圍的空氣中加熱2~10小時。最適合的溫度為700°C及熱處理時間為約6小時。接著再進行研磨處理，較佳為同樣在2－丙醇內藉由氧化鋯球磨機。接著將反應產物在均衡壓力下壓製成模塊，例如壓製成粒狀。然後其較佳為在700~1200°C，更佳為在800~1000°C的溫度範圍下燒結數小時，較佳為10~50小時，更佳為20~30小時。其最適合的溫度係約900°C及熱處理時間係約24小時。為避免L－氫氧化物的過量損失，此燒結過程較佳為以相同組成物的粉末覆蓋樣本。
藉本發明之製程所獲得的固態離子導體（例如，鋰離子導體）可作為固態電解質的一有價值起始材料。
由於此材料在極低電子導電性之下具有相當高的離子導電性，故其可被用作為具有極高能量密度之電池（例如，鋰電池）的固態電解質。由於此材料對如和元素鋰以及和習知電極材料的化學反應具有高電阻，故本發明之固態離子導體可被用於例如特別指鋰離子電池。
本發明固態電解質和電極間之相界(phase boundary)的電阻和一般電解質材料比較亦極小。因此可利用根據本發明之具有極高功率（高電流）的材料製造電池。使用本發明之固態電解質和液態電解質比較可改善安全性。此應用於車輛上特別具有其優點。
本發明的另一態樣係關於固態離子導體（例如鋰離子導體）於電色系統（視窗、螢幕、外觀等）內以及作為超級電容器內瞬間能量儲存或釋放的用途。就此而論利用根據本發明的離子導體可達到100呎/立方釐米的電容器能量密度。本發明的另一態樣係利用石榴狀固態離子導體作為各種氣體的探測器。
本發明之固態離子導體在使用時可為粒狀，或形成結晶或非晶性的薄層。
範例 ：粒狀Li6 ALa2 Ta2 O1 2 (A＝Ca、Sr、Ba)的製造以10%超量LiOH.H2 O在化學計量比內混合La2 O3 （900℃下預乾燥24小時）、Nb2 O5 和A(NO3 )2 然後利用鋯球磨機在2－丙醇內研磨12小時。獲得之混合物在700℃的空氣內加熱12小時然後再利用球磨機研磨。接著在均壓下將混合物壓製成顆粒，然後覆蓋相同組成物的粉末以避免鋰氧化物過量損失。顆粒在900℃下燒結24小時。接著測定獲得之固態鋰離子導體的導電性和化學穩定性。其結果示於表1及第2和3圖。
vol：體積gb：晶粒邊界
第1圖顯示Li5 La3 M2 O1 2 (M＝Nb、Ta)之結晶構造的單位晶格。
第2圖顯示Li6 BaLa2 Ta2 O1 2 測得之導電性和其他固態鋰離子導體的比較。根據本發明之材料具有相當於Li3 , 5 P0 , 5 Si0 , 5 O4 或甚至Li3 N的極高離子導電性。
第3圖顯示在22℃和44℃下利用鋰作為參考電極以鋰離子阻塞性電極藉由Hebb－Wagner(HW)測量法獲得之平衡電子流對Li6 BaLa2 Ta2 O1 2 施予電壓的函數。此測量係於充填氬氣之手套箱內在氧分壓<1 ppm下進行操作。

Claims (12)

  1. 一種固態離子導體，其特徵為具有石榴石狀的結晶構造以及具有L5+x Ay Gz M2 O12 的化學計量組成物，其中L分別係一獨立之任意的單價鹼金屬陽離子Li、Na或K；A分別係一獨立的雙價鹼土金屬陽離子Ca、Sr或Ba；G係三價La陽離子；M分別係一獨立的五價Nb或Ta陽離子，0<x2,0y3,0z3，以及其中以呈現全部無電荷石榴石狀構造的方法選擇成分的化學計量比。
  2. 如請求項1之固態離子導體，其中該化學計量組成物為L5+x Ax G3-x M2 O12 以及其中0<x1，L係一單價鹼金屬陽離子Li、Na或K；A係一雙價鹼土金屬陽離子Ca、Sr或Ba；G係一三價La陽離子，以及M係一五價Nb及/或Ta陽離子。
  3. 如請求項2之固態離子導體，其中L係Li。
  4. 如請求項2之固態離子導體，其中A係選自Sr和Ba以及其中M係Ta。
  5. 如請求項1之固態離子導體，其特徵為在鋰活性相當於5伏特電壓時對元素鋰具有穩定性。
  6. 一種製造如請求項1至5中任一項之固態離子導體之方法，其包含以下步驟：(a)將L、A、G和M之鹽類和/或氧化物藉由混合相互反應以形成反應混合物；(b)進行球研磨；(c)在空氣中將來自(a)的混合物加熱2至10小時至400至1000℃；(d)進行球研磨；(e)在均壓下將該混合物壓製成顆粒；及(f)在700至1200℃下將覆蓋相同組成物之粉末的顆粒燒結10至50小時。
  7. 如請求項6之方法，其特徵為該反應係在一固相反應內進行。
  8. 如請求項6或7之方法，其係用於製造如請求項2之固態離子導體，其特徵為L和A係以硝酸鹽、碳酸鹽或氫氧化物的形式使用並且和G2 O3 及M2 O5 反應。
  9. 如請求項6或7之方法，其包括下列的步驟：(a)混合起始材料和在2-丙醇內使用氧化鋯球進行球研磨；(b)在空氣中將來自(a)的混合物加熱2至10小時至400至1000℃；(c)在2-丙醇內使用鋯球進行球研磨；(d)在均壓下將該混合物壓製成顆粒；以及(e)在700至1200℃下將覆蓋相同組成物之粉末的顆粒燒 結10至50小時。
  10. 如請求項9之方法，其中步驟(b)中之混合物係加熱6小時至700℃；以及步驟(e)中之顆粒係在900℃下燒結24小時。
  11. 一種如請求項1至5中任一項之固態離子導體之用途，其係用於電池、累加器、超級電容器、燃料電池、探測器和/或電色裝置如視窗、螢幕和外觀中。
  12. 如請求項11之用途，其中固態離子導體在使用時可為粒狀，或形成結晶或非晶性的薄層。
TW094106655A 2004-03-06 2005-03-04 化性穩定之固態鋰離子導體 TWI436949B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004010892A DE102004010892B3 (de) 2004-03-06 2004-03-06 Chemisch stabiler fester Lithiumionenleiter
EP2005000809 2005-01-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
TW200600461A TW200600461A (en) 2006-01-01
TWI436949B true TWI436949B (zh) 2014-05-11

Family

ID=34921209

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
TW094106655A TWI436949B (zh) 2004-03-06 2005-03-04 化性穩定之固態鋰離子導體

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1723080B1 (zh)
KR (1) KR101168253B1 (zh)
AR (1) AR050401A1 (zh)
SI (1) SI1723080T1 (zh)
TW (1) TWI436949B (zh)
WO (1) WO2005085138A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (55)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070264564A1 (en) 2006-03-16 2007-11-15 Infinite Power Solutions, Inc. Thin film battery on an integrated circuit or circuit board and method thereof
US9793523B2 (en) 2002-08-09 2017-10-17 Sapurast Research Llc Electrochemical apparatus with barrier layer protected substrate
DE102007030604A1 (de) 2007-07-02 2009-01-08 Weppner, Werner, Prof. Dr. Ionenleiter mit Granatstruktur
EP2225406A4 (en) 2007-12-21 2012-12-05 Infinite Power Solutions Inc PROCEDURE FOR SPUTTER TARGETS FOR ELECTROLYTE FILMS
US8518581B2 (en) 2008-01-11 2013-08-27 Inifinite Power Solutions, Inc. Thin film encapsulation for thin film batteries and other devices
EP2319101B1 (en) 2008-08-11 2015-11-04 Sapurast Research LLC Energy device with integral collector surface for electromagnetic energy harvesting and method thereof
JP5492998B2 (ja) 2009-09-01 2014-05-14 インフィニット パワー ソリューションズ， インコーポレイテッド 薄膜バッテリを組み込んだプリント回路基板
JP5525388B2 (ja) 2009-09-03 2014-06-18 日本碍子株式会社 セラミックス材料及びその製造方法
JP5376252B2 (ja) 2009-09-03 2013-12-25 日本碍子株式会社 セラミックス材料及びその利用
CN102947976B (zh) 2010-06-07 2018-03-16 萨普拉斯特研究有限责任公司 可充电、高密度的电化学设备
DE102010064302A1 (de) * 2010-12-29 2012-07-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Lithium-Schwefel-Zelle auf Festkörperelektrolytbasis
KR101312275B1 (ko) 2011-03-30 2013-09-25 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 복합체, 이를 포함한 리튬 이차 전지용 전극 활물질, 그 제조방법, 이를 이용한 리튬 이차 전지용 전극 및 이를 채용한 리튬 이차 전지
DE102011079401A1 (de) 2011-07-19 2013-01-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Lithiumionen leitende, granatartige Verbindungen
DE102011088910A1 (de) * 2011-12-16 2013-06-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Lithium-Schwefel-Zellen-Separator mit Polysulfidsperrschicht
WO2013131005A2 (en) 2012-03-01 2013-09-06 Excellatron Solid State, Llc High capacity solid state composite cathode, solid state composite separator, solid-state rechargeable lithium battery and methods of making same
EP2683005B1 (en) 2012-07-06 2016-06-01 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd Solid ionic conductor, solid electrolyte including the same, lithium battery including said solid electrolyte, and method of manufacturing said lithium battery
US9793525B2 (en) 2012-10-09 2017-10-17 Johnson Battery Technologies, Inc. Solid-state battery electrodes
US9362546B1 (en) 2013-01-07 2016-06-07 Quantumscape Corporation Thin film lithium conducting powder material deposition from flux
HUE056765T2 (hu) 2013-10-07 2022-03-28 Quantumscape Battery Inc Lítiummal töltött garnet filmet tartalmazó kettõs rétegek és hármas rétegek, továbbá módszer vékony és szabadon álló, lítiummal töltött garnet film szinterezésére
DE102013114768A1 (de) * 2013-11-18 2015-05-21 Schott Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen von pulverförmigem Lithium-Lanthan-Zirkonoxid
DE102013224045B4 (de) 2013-11-25 2022-12-08 Schott Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines lithiumionenleitfähigen Materials mit granatartiger Kristallstruktur, Verwendung des Materials und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Zwischenproduktes
DE102014100684B4 (de) 2014-01-22 2017-05-11 Schott Ag lonenleitende Glaskeramik mit granatartiger Kristallstruktur, Verfahren zur Herstellung und Verwendung einer solchen Glaskeramik
ES2829924T3 (es) 2014-02-07 2021-06-02 Basf Se Unidad de electrodo para un dispositivo electroquímico
FR3023417B1 (fr) 2014-07-01 2016-07-15 I-Ten Batterie entierement solide comprenant un electrolyte solide et une couche de materiau polymere solide
FR3023418B1 (fr) 2014-07-01 2016-07-15 I Ten Batterie entierement solide comprenant un electrolyte en materiau polymere solide reticule
DE102014226390A1 (de) 2014-12-18 2016-06-23 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Kompositanode und diese umfassende Lithiumionenbatterie sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung der Kompositanode
DE102014226396A1 (de) 2014-12-18 2016-06-23 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Kompositkathode und diese umfassende Lithiumionenbatterie sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung der Kompositkathode
DE102015201409A1 (de) 2015-01-28 2016-07-28 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Komposit-Separator und diesen umfassende Lithiumionenbatterie sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung des Komposit-Separators
DE102015209981A1 (de) * 2015-05-29 2016-12-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Festelektrolytseparator für Lithium-Konversionszelle
JP2018528916A (ja) 2015-07-21 2018-10-04 クアンタムスケイプ コーポレイション グリーンガーネット薄膜を流延及び焼結するプロセス及び材料
WO2017112804A1 (en) 2015-12-21 2017-06-29 Johnson Ip Holding, Llc Solid-state batteries, separators, electrodes, and methods of fabrication
US10218044B2 (en) 2016-01-22 2019-02-26 Johnson Ip Holding, Llc Johnson lithium oxygen electrochemical engine
DE102016217372A1 (de) 2016-09-13 2018-03-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer fibrillierten Materialzusammensetzung
DE102016217390A1 (de) 2016-09-13 2018-03-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrode mit lokalen Porositätsunterschieden, Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Elektrode und deren Verwendung
DE102016217386A1 (de) 2016-09-13 2018-03-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur lösungsmittelfreien Herstellung einer Aktivmaterialzusammensetzung
DE102016217403A1 (de) 2016-09-13 2018-03-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Aktivmaterialzusammensetzung
DE102016217373A1 (de) 2016-09-13 2018-03-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer homogenen partikulären Materialzusammensetzung
DE102016217369A1 (de) 2016-09-13 2018-03-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrode mit erhöhtem Aktivmaterialanteil
DE102016217394A1 (de) 2016-09-13 2018-03-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur lösungsmittelfreien Herstellung einer Elektrode
DE102016217383A1 (de) 2016-09-13 2018-03-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Elektroden mit verbesserter Stromsammlerstruktur
DE102016217397A1 (de) 2016-09-13 2018-03-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrodenstapel mit Randbeschichtung
WO2018062770A1 (ko) * 2016-09-30 2018-04-05 주식회사 엘지화학 리튬 리치 안티페로브스카이트 화합물, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지
KR101886003B1 (ko) 2016-09-30 2018-08-07 주식회사 엘지화학 Li 리치 안티페로브스카이트 화합물, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지
EP3529839A1 (en) 2016-10-21 2019-08-28 QuantumScape Corporation Lithium-stuffed garnet electrolytes with a reduced surface defect density and methods of making and using the same
EP4369453A2 (en) 2017-06-23 2024-05-15 QuantumScape Battery, Inc. Lithium-stuffed garnet electrolytes with secondary phase inclusions
US11056680B2 (en) 2018-05-17 2021-07-06 Vissers Battery Corporation Molten fluid electrode apparatus
US10673064B2 (en) 2018-05-17 2020-06-02 Vissers Battery Corporation Molten fluid electrode apparatus with solid lithium iodide electrolyte having improved lithium ion transport characteristics
US10790534B2 (en) 2018-05-17 2020-09-29 Vissers Battery Corporation Methods, devices and systems to isolate solid products in molten fluid electrode apparatus
US10461311B1 (en) 2018-05-17 2019-10-29 Vissers Battery Corporation Devices, systems, and methods for molten fluid electrode apparatus management
US11264603B2 (en) 2018-05-17 2022-03-01 Vissers Battery Corporation Molten fluid apparatus with solid non-brittle electrolyte
US10601080B2 (en) 2018-05-17 2020-03-24 Vissers Battery Corporation Devices, systems, and methods to mitigate thermal runaway conditions in molten fluid electrode apparatus
US11959166B2 (en) 2018-08-14 2024-04-16 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Methods of fabricating thin films comprising lithium-containing materials
KR102101271B1 (ko) 2018-08-16 2020-04-16 아주대학교산학협력단 이온 전도성 고체 전해질 화합물, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 전기화학 장치
US11145896B2 (en) * 2019-09-13 2021-10-12 University Of Maryland, College Park Lithium potassium tantalate compounds as Li super-ionic conductor, solid electrolyte and coating layer for lithium metal battery and lithium-ion battery
JP2024509798A (ja) 2021-03-09 2024-03-05 クアンタムスケープ バッテリー，インコーポレイテッド 高速セラミック処理技術及び装備

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1723080A1 (de) 2006-11-22
SI1723080T1 (sl) 2014-08-29
WO2005085138A1 (de) 2005-09-15
AR050401A1 (es) 2006-10-25
KR20070014141A (ko) 2007-01-31
EP1723080B1 (de) 2014-06-18
KR101168253B1 (ko) 2012-07-31
TW200600461A (en) 2006-01-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
TWI436949B (zh) 化性穩定之固態鋰離子導體
JP5204478B2 (ja) 化学的に安定な固体のリチウムイオン伝導体
KR101539123B1 (ko) 석류석 구조를 갖는 이온 전도체
CN100385715C (zh) 二次电池的正极活性材料及其制备方法
EP3304624B1 (en) Bivalent metal doping for sodium manganese oxide as cathode materials for sodium ion batteries
JP5873533B2 (ja) リチウムイオン電池用硫化物系固体電解質
CN101212049B (zh) 掺杂的磷酸铁锂活性物质与碳组成的正极材料及制备方法
WO2015011937A1 (ja) リチウムイオン電池用硫化物系固体電解質
KR20200141457A (ko) O3/p2 혼합상 나트륨을 함유하는 도핑된 층상 산화물 재료
KR20010080496A (ko) 리튬 이온 전지에 사용하기 위한 리튬계 포스페이트와이것의 제조 방법
CN103762342A (zh) 锂电池用氧化锰复合电极
CN109643825A (zh) 陶瓷石榴石基离子传导材料
Thangadurai et al. Tailoring ceramics for specific applications: a case study of the development of all-solid-state lithium batteries
WO2016190251A1 (ja) 正極材料、並びにそれを正極に使用したリチウム二次電池
JP6830120B2 (ja) リチウムナトリウム複合酸化物、二次電池用正極活物質および二次電池
CN117080418B (zh) 一种钠离子电池正极材料及其制备方法、正极片、钠离子电池和用电设备
KR101711221B1 (ko) 높은 전류밀도에서 향상된 사이클 성능을 갖는 전지의 양극 재료
WO2024128128A1 (ja) 酸化物及びその製造方法、固体電解質並びに蓄電デバイス
CN116525929A (zh) 一种固态电解质材料及其制备方法
Weppner et al. Solid ion conductor which has a garnet-like crystal structure and has the stoichiometric composition L 7+ X A X G 3− X Zr 2 O 12
CN110224110A (zh) 一种锯齿型结构层状氧化物材料及其制备方法和用途
Thangadurai et al. Development of All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries