CN1263522A - 抑制vcam-1表达的化合物与方法 - Google Patents
抑制vcam-1表达的化合物与方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1263522A CN1263522A CN98807169A CN98807169A CN1263522A CN 1263522 A CN1263522 A CN 1263522A CN 98807169 A CN98807169 A CN 98807169A CN 98807169 A CN98807169 A CN 98807169A CN 1263522 A CN1263522 A CN 1263522A
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- tert
- butyl
- radical
- substituted
- alkyl
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- 108010000134 Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 102100023543 Vascular cell adhesion protein 1 Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 166
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 title claims description 34
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 208000027866 inflammatory disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- -1 nitro, amino Chemical group 0.000 claims description 1174
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 431
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 228
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 127
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 115
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 75
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 62
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 59
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 58
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 56
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 49
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 37
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 31
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000005017 substituted alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000004426 substituted alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000000636 p-nitrophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)[N+]([O-])=O 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
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- 125000005415 substituted alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004042 4-aminobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid group Chemical group C(CCC(=O)O)(=O)O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- SKCKOFZKJLZSFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-deoxy-D-glucitol Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)CO SKCKOFZKJLZSFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000143 2-carboxyethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000837 carbohydrate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
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- 206010002383 Angina Pectoris Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930064664 L-arginine Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000014852 L-arginine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003668 acetyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(=O)O[*] 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003524 antilipemic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001255 4-fluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1F 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000590 4-methylphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003386 piperidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010039073 rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur dioxide Inorganic materials O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001462 1-pyrrolyl group Chemical group [*]N1C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001917 2,4-dinitrophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C(=C1*)[N+]([O-])=O)[N+]([O-])=O 0.000 claims description 4
- SXIFAEWFOJETOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-butyl Chemical group [CH2]CCCO SXIFAEWFOJETOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004199 4-trifluoromethylphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 claims description 4
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004687 alkyl sulfinyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004644 alkyl sulfinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004688 alkyl sulfonyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002399 angioplasty Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940127218 antiplatelet drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006297 carbonyl amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:2])C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 4
- CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethanesulfonate Chemical group CCS([O-])(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000000106 platelet aggregation inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SSOLNOMRVKKSON-UHFFFAOYSA-N proguanil Chemical compound CC(C)\N=C(/N)N=C(N)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 SSOLNOMRVKKSON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002769 thiazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940127291 Calcium channel antagonist Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000004681 Psoriasis Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000002876 beta blocker Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940097320 beta blocking agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004475 heteroaralkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 125000000565 sulfonamide group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
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- 101000783578 Dendroaspis jamesoni kaimosae Dendroaspin Proteins 0.000 claims 2
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- 229940125692 cardiovascular agent Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 94
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 258
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 167
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 57
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 56
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
- A61K31/215—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
- A61K31/22—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids of acyclic acids, e.g. pravastatin
- A61K31/222—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids of acyclic acids, e.g. pravastatin with compounds having aromatic groups, e.g. dipivefrine, ibopamine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
- A61K31/215—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
- A61K31/22—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids of acyclic acids, e.g. pravastatin
- A61K31/225—Polycarboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于抑制VCAM-1表达的方法及组合物这一领域,并且,具体地说是用于治疗由VCAM-1介导的疾病,包括心血管的和炎性的疾病。
Description
本发明涉及用于抑制VCAM-1表达的方法及组合物这一领域,并且,具体地说,是用于治疗由VCAM-1介导的疾病,包括心血管的和炎性的疾病。
发明背景
在工业化国家中,冠心病(CHD)仍然是导致死亡的首要原因。CHD的首要原因是动脉粥样硬化,其特点是脂类沉积于动脉血管壁上,导致血管通路的狭窄并最终使血管系统硬化。
动脉粥样硬化以其主要临床并发症,局部缺血心脏病呈现并表明,在工业化国家中它仍然是导致死亡的主要原因。现在普遍承认,动脉粥样硬化开始于动脉内皮的局部损伤,继之是动脉平滑肌细胞从中层向内膜层增生,并伴随在损伤处脂质的沉积和泡沫细胞的积集。当动脉粥样硬化斑发展时,它逐渐地堵塞了越来越多的受影响的血管并可以最终导致局部缺血和梗塞,因此,对需要的患者提供抑制动脉粥样硬化发展的方法是需要的。
心血管疾病已与一些致病因素相关连,这包括高血胆固醇,高血脂,和VCAM-1在血管内皮细胞中的表达。VCAM-1的表达
白细胞向内皮的粘附代表了众多炎症状态中基本的,早期的一环,这包括动脉粥样硬化,自身免疫障碍和细菌及病毒的感染。当内皮细胞表面上的可诱导的粘附分子受体与免疫细胞上的反受体相互作用时,即开始了白细胞向内皮的募集。通过选择性地表达特异粘附分子,如血管细胞粘附分子-1(VCAM-1),细胞间粘附分子-1(ICAM-1),和E-选择蛋白,血管内皮细胞决定募集哪种类型的白细胞(单核细胞,淋巴细胞,或中性白细胞)。在动脉粥样硬化损伤的最初阶段,有局域化的内皮VCAM-1的表达和单核白细胞选择性地募集,它们表达整联蛋白反受体VLA-4。因为在单核细胞和淋巴细胞上而不在中性白细胞上选择性的表达VLA-4,所以在介导单核白细胞的选择性粘附中,VCAM-1是重要的。随后的白细胞向泡沫状巨噬细胞的转化,导致合成众多种的炎性细胞因子,生长因子,和化学吸引剂,以帮助传播白细胞和血小板的募集,平滑肌细胞的增殖,内皮细胞活化,和细胞外基质的合成,这是动脉粥样硬化斑成熟的特征。
VCAM-1是慢性炎症疾病如哮喘,风湿性关节炎和自身免疫性糖尿病的中介体。例如,已知在哮喘中,VCAM-1和ICAM-1的表达是增加的。Pilewski,J.M.等。Am,J.Respir.Cell.Mol,Biol 12,1-3(1995)。Ohkawara Y.,等。Am J.Respir.Cell.Mol,Biol 12,4-12(1995)。此外,在卵蛋白致敏的大鼠变应性气道反应模型中,对VCAM-1和ICAM-1(分别是VLA-4和LFA-1)的整联蛋白受体的阻断,抑制了早期和晚期阶段反应。Rabb,11.A.,等,Am.J.Respir.Care.Med,149,1186-119(1994)。在风湿病样滑膜的微血管系统中,也有内皮粘附分子的增高的表达,包括VCAM-1。K′och,A.E.等,Lob Invest,64,313-322(1991);Morales-Ducret,J.等,Immunol,149,1421-1431(1992)。中和靶向VCAM-1或其反受体-VLA-4的抗体,可以使在能自发地发生疾病的小鼠模型(NOD小鼠)中延迟糖尿病的发病。Yang.X.D.等,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.90,10494-10498(1993);Burkly,L.C.等糖尿病43,523-534(1994);Baron,J.L.等,J.Clin.Invest.93,1700-1708(1994)。VCAM-1的单克隆抗体也可以在异体移植排斥动物模型中有良好效果,这表明对VCAM-1表达的抑制剂也可以用于防止移植排斥反应。Oroez,C.G.等,Immunol.Lett. 32,7-12(1992)。
由细胞表达的VCAM-1可以有细胞膜结合的形式或可溶形式。已表明可溶形式的VCAM-1在体外诱导血管内皮细胞的趋化性和在大鼠角膜中刺激血管应答效应。Koch.A.F.,等,Nature 376,517-519(1995)。可溶性VCAM-1表达的抑制剂在治疗具有强烈生成血管成份的疾病,包括肿瘤生长和转移中有潜在的治疗价值。Folkman,J.和Shing,Y.,Biol.Chem.10931-10934(1992)。
在培养的人血管内皮细胞中,由脂多糖(LPS)和细胞因子如白细胞介素-1(IL-1)和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-2)活化后,才表达VCAM-1。这些因子不是选择性地活化细胞粘附分子表达的。
美国专利No.5,380,747,Medford,等,指出使用二硫代氨基甲酸酯类,如吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸酯,用于治疗心血管和其它炎症疾病。
美国专利No.5,750,351,(Medford,等)和WO 95/30415专利,(Emory大学)叙述了其发现:多不饱和脂肪酸(“PUFAS”)和它们的氢过氧化物(“OX-PUFAS”),它们是氧化性修饰低密度脂蛋白(LDL)的重要成份,可诱导VCAM-1,但不是细胞内粘附分子-1(ICAM-1)或在人主动脉内皮细胞中的E-选择蛋白的表达,而其机理不是通过细胞因子或其它非细胞因子信号介导的。这在VCAM-1介导的免疫应答中是一个重要的并且是以前未知的生物通路上的基础性的发现。
作为非限制性实施例,亚油酸,亚麻酸,亚油基氢过氧化物(13-HPODE)和花生四烯酸氢过氧化物(15-HPETE)可诱导细胞表面基因表达VCAM-1但不是ICAM-1或E-选择蛋白。饱和脂肪酸(例如硬脂酸)和单不饱和脂肪酸(如油酸)并不诱导VCAM-1,ICAM-1或E-选择蛋白的表达。
由PUFAs和它们的脂肪酸氢过氧化物诱导的VCAM-1可以用二硫代氨基甲酸酯类,包括吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸盐(PDTC)加以抑制。这表明诱导是由一个氧化的信号分子介导的,而且当该分子的氧化被阻断时(即,氧化并不存在)该诱导被阻断了,被逆转(即,信号分子被还原),或当这氧化还原修饰的信号与其调节靶位相互作用被阻断时,则该诱导被阻断了。
长期暴露在高于正常水平的多不饱和脂肪酸或其氧化的对应体的细胞可以引发非正常的免疫应答,并且对刺激是不成比例的,它导致了疾病状态。血管内皮细胞对PUFAs和OX-PUFAs的过度致感作用可以加速例如动脉粥样硬化斑的形成。
基于这些发现,用于治疗由VCAM-1介导的疾病,如动脉粥样硬化,血管成形术后再狭窄,冠状动脉疾病,心绞痛和小动脉和其它心血管疾病,以及非心血管系统炎症疾病的方法,叙述于WO 95/30415中,它包括除去,降低其浓度,或阻断形成氧化的多不饱和脂肪酸,包括但不局限于氧化的亚油酸(C18△9,12),亚麻酸(C18△6,9,12),花生四烯酸(C20△5,8,11,14)和二十碳三烯酸(C20△8,11,14)。
由VCAM-1介导的非心血管炎性疾病的非限制性实施例包括类风湿和骨关节炎,哮喘,皮炎,和多发性硬化。血胆固醇过高和血脂过高
血胆固醇过高是与心血管疾病相关的一个重要危险因素。血清脂蛋白是循环中脂质的载体。根据脂蛋白的密度将它们分类:乳糜微粒,极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL),低密度脂蛋白(LDL),和高密度脂蛋白(HDL)。乳糜微粒主要参与将食物中的甘油三酸酯和胆固醇从肠转运至脂肪组织和肝脏。VLDL将内源合成的甘油三酸酯从肝脏输送到脂肪组织和其它组织。LDL将胆固醇输送至外周组织并在那些组织中调节外源性胆固醇的水平。HDL将胆固醇从外周组织输送至肝脏中。动脉壁胆固醇几乎完全衍生自LDL。Brown和Goldstein,Ann.Rev.Biochem.52,223(1983);Miller,Ann.Rev.Med.31,97(1980)。具有低水平的低密度脂蛋白(LDL)的患者,发生动脉粥样硬化是少见的。
Steinberg,等,(N.Eng.J.Med.1989;320:915-924)提出假设,用有反应活性的一种氧物质将低密度脂蛋白(LDL)修饰成氧化修饰的LDL(OX-LDL)是引发和扩展动脉粥样硬化的中心环节。氧化的LDL是包括有至少数个化学上相异的氧化了的物质的复杂结构,每个物质,单独地或组合地,可以调节细胞因子-活化的粘附分子的基因表达。R脂肪酸氢过氧化物如亚油基氢过氧化物(13-HPODE)是由脂氧合酶从游离脂肪酸产生的,并且是氧化的LDL的一个重要组分。
已提出氧化的脂质的生成是由细胞脂氧合酶系统的作用形成的并且随后该氧化了的脂质转运至成LDL。然后被过渡金属和/或巯基化合物所催化,在介质中,在LDL中发生蔓延反应。以前的研究已表明,对培养的内皮细胞的脂肪酸修饰可以改变它们对氧化剂损伤的敏感性。而补充多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)增加了对氧化剂损伤的敏感性。向培养的内皮细胞补充饱和的或单不饱和的脂肪酸降低了它们对氧化剂损伤的敏感性,而补充多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)则增强了对氧化剂损伤的敏感性。
用反相HPLC分析LDL的天然的和皂化的液体提取物,表明在活化了的人单核细胞氧化的LDL中,13-HPODE是主要的氧化的脂肪酸。长期暴露于氧化的LDL,对血管内皮细胞提供了氧化的信号,可能是通过特异的脂肪酸氢化过氧化物,它选择性地增加了细胞因子诱导的VCAM-1基因的表达。
通过尚不很明确的机理,预先受动脉粥样硬化影响的血管壁区域优先留住循环的LDL。通过了解尚很少的通路,内皮的,平滑肌,和/或炎性细胞然后转化LDL至ox-LDL。不与LDL-它是被LDL受体摄取的正好相反,单核细胞急切地通过“清除剂”受体摄取ox-LDL,该受体的表达不同于LDL受体,是不因细胞内脂质含量的增加而受抑制的。因此,单核细胞持续摄取ox-LDL并且变成脂质吞噬的巨噬-泡沫细胞,它形成了脂条。
目前有大量证据表明血胆固醇过高是与心脏病相关连的一个重要危险因素。例如,在1984年十二月,美国国立卫生院交感(Consensus)发展会议组得出结论,降低明确增高了的血中胆固醇水平(尤其是血中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平)将因冠心病的降低而降低了心脏病发作的危险性。
通常,在温血动物血液中,胆固醇是在一些脂蛋白复合物例如乳糜微粒,极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL),低密度脂蛋白(LDL),和高密度脂蛋白(HDL)运载的。普遍认为,LDL以直接导致LDL胆固醇沉积在血管壁上的方式作用,而HDL的作用方式是导致HDL从血管壁上摄取胆固醇并将其运送至肝脏并在那里被代谢〔Brown和Goldstein,Ann.Rev.Biochem.52,223(1983);Miller,Ann.Rev.Med.31,97(1980)〕。例如,在各种流行病学研究中,LDL胆固醇水平与冠心病发病率有很好的相关性,而HDL胆固醇水平与冠心病呈负相关〔Patton等,Clin.Chem.29,1980(1983)〕。本领域专业人员普遍认为,降低非正常的高LDL胆固醇水平不仅对治疗血胆固醇过多而且对治疗动脉粥样硬化是有效的。
另外,基于动物和实验室的发现有证据表明,过氧化LDL脂质,如LDL胆固醇基酯和磷酯的不饱和脂肪酸部分,有利于胆固醇在单核细胞/巨噬细胞中的积集,它们最终转变成泡沫细胞并沉积在血管壁的次-内皮下空间。泡沫细胞在血管壁的积累被认为是形成动脉粥样硬化斑的早期环节。因此相信LDL脂质的过氧化是有利于胆固醇在血管壁积累和随后的形成动脉粥样硬化斑的重要前提。例如,已显示单核细胞/巨噬细胞以相对低的速度摄取并降解天然LDL,并且没有明显的胆固醇的积集。相反地,氧化的LDL以高得多的速度由这些单核细胞/巨噬细胞摄取并且明显地积集胆固醇〔Parthasarathy等,J.Clin.Invest.77,641(1986)〕。因此向需要的患者提供抑制LDL脂质过氧化作用的方法是需要的。
增高的胆固醇水平是与一些疾病状况相关,这包括血管再狭窄,心绞痛,大脑动脉粥样硬化,和黄瘤。向患有,或有发生血管再狭窄,心绞痛,大脑动脉粥样硬化,黄瘤危险,和其它与增高的胆固醇水平相关的疾病状态的患者,提供降低血浆胆固醇的方法是合乎需要的。
因为已经确定了高血胆固醇是由于增高的LDL(血脂过高)引起的,尝试了用节食治疗来降低LDL水平。有数个通常用于降低LDL水平的药物种类,包括胆酸螯合剂,烟酸(尼克酸),和3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A(HMG CoA)还原酶抑制剂。有时使用普罗布考和贝特(fibrate)衍生物辅助治疗,通常与其它药物合用。称HMGCoA还原酶抑制剂为他汀或伐他汀类药。他汀药物是目前在市场上治疗血胆固醇过高中最有效的药物之一,这包括普法他汀(Pravchol,Bristol,Mysrs Squibb),阿托伐他汀(atorvastatin)(WarnerLambert/Pfizer),辛伐他汀(Zocor,Merck),洛伐他汀(Mevacor,Merck),和fluvastatin(Lescol)。
有证据表明,低密度脂蛋白(LDL)的致动脉粥样硬化作用可能部份是通过其氧化性修饰介导的。普罗布考表现出具有强的抗氧化性质并且阻断LDL的氧化性修饰。与这些发现相符,普罗布考实际上在LDL受体-缺损兔中减慢了动脉粥样硬化的进程,如在Carew等,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.84:7725-7729(1987)中讨论的。更可能地是,普罗布考是有效的,这是因为它是高度脂溶性的和它由脂蛋白转运的,因此保护它们免受氧化破坏。
在化学上,普罗布考与广泛使用的食品添加剂2,[3]-叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲醚(BHA)和2,6-二-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚(BHT)相关。它的完全的化学命名是4,4′(异亚丙基二硫代)双(2,6-二-叔丁基苯酚)。
普罗布考主要在高血胆固醇患者中用于降低血清中胆固醇水平。通常以可购得的商标LorelcoTM片剂形式施用普罗布考。遣憾地是,普罗布考几乎不溶于水并因此不能静脉注射给药。实际上,在体外条件下,普罗布考对细胞是难以吸收的。这是因为其在细胞培养基缓冲液和介质中差的混溶性。固体普罗布考很难被吸收入血并基本上从没有改变的形式排泄出。另外,不同患者对片剂普罗布考的吸收是有非常明显速度和量的差别。在一项研究中(Heeg等,单次或重复口服剂量后男性血浆中的普罗布考浓度,La Nouvelle Presse Medicale,9:2990-2994(1980)),发现在不同患者中,血清中普罗布考的峰值浓度相差高达20倍。在另一项研究中,Kozuya等,J. Lipid Res.32;197-204(1991)观察到当内皮细胞与50μM普罗布考培育24小时时,普罗布考/106细胞的掺入约少于1μg。
Parthasarathy在美国专利No.5,262,439公开了具有增加的水溶性的普罗布考的类似物,其中一个或两个羟基由酯基取代,这增加了化合物的水溶性。在一个实施方案中,衍生物选自包括来自琥珀酸,戊二酸,己二酸,seberic acid,癸二酸,壬二酸,或马来酸的单或双普罗布考的酯。在另一个实施方案中,普罗布考衍生物是单或双酯,其中酯包含带有下述功能团的一个烷基或链烯基基团,该功能团选自羧酸基团,胺基团,胺基团的盐,酰胺基团,和醛基团。
一系列的法国专利公开的一些普罗布考衍生物是降血胆固醇和降血脂剂:法国2168137(双-4-羟苯基硫代烷烃酯);法国2140771(普罗布考的四氢萘基苯氧基链烷酯);法国2140709(普罗布考的苯并呋喃氧烷酸衍生物);法国2134810(双-(3-烷基-5-叔-烷基-4-噻唑-5-羧基)苯基硫代)烷烃;法国2133024(双-(4-烟酸酰基氧苯基硫代)丙烷和法国2130975(双(4-(苯氧基烷酸酰氧基)-苯基硫代)烷烃)。
Parker等的美国专利No.5,155,250公开了2,6-二烷基-4-甲硅烷基酚类为抗动脉粥样硬化剂。在PCT出版物No.WO 95/15760,发表于1995年6月15日,公开了同样的化合物作为降低血清胆固醇剂。Parker等的美国专利N.5,608,095公开了烷基化的4-甲硅烷基-酚类抑制LDL的过氧化,降低血浆胆固醇和抑制VCAM-1的表达,并因此在治疗动脉粥样硬化中是有用的。
Shionogi Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha的一系列欧洲专利申请公开了酚的硫醚用于治疗动脉粥样硬化。欧洲专利申请No.348203公开了酚硫醚类,它们可抑制LDL变性和巨噬细胞对LDL的掺入。这样的化合物作为抗-动脉粥样硬化剂是有用的。在欧洲专利申请No.405788中公开了这些化合物的异羟肟酸衍生物和它们可用于治疗动脉粥样硬化,溃疡,炎症和过敏。在Kita等的美国专利No.4,954,514中公开了此酚硫醚类的氨基甲酰基和氰基的衍生物。
在Hall等的美国专利No.4,752,616中公开了芳基硫代烷基苯基羧酸,用于治疗血栓形成疾病。公开的化合物用作血小板聚集抑制剂,用于治疗冠状或大脑血栓形成和抑制支气管狭小,或其它。
Adir et Compagnie的一系列专利公开了取代的苯氧基异丁酸和酯,用作抗氧剂和降血脂剂。该系列包括Regnier等的美国专利No.5,206,247和5,627,205(它对应于欧洲专利申请No.621,255)和欧洲专利申请No.763 527。
Nippon Shinyaku Co. Ltd的WO 97/15546公开羧酸衍生物,用于治疗动脉粥样硬化,局部缺血性心脏病,大脑梗塞和PTCA后血管再狭窄。
Dow化学公司是对降血脂的2-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)硫代甲酰胺专利的受证人。例如,Wagner等的美国专利No.4,029,812、4,076,841和4,078,084,公开这些化合物,用于降低血清脂类,尤其是胆固醇和甘油三酯的水平。
因为心血管疾病目前在美国是导致死亡的首要原因,并且目前有百分之九十的心血管疾病被诊断为动脉粥样硬化,所以对找到治疗它的新方法和药物有很强的需求。实现该目标重要的是鉴别并进行特异的氧化的生物化合物,它作为对炎症过程中调节因子表达的选择性调控剂,具体地是VCAM-1。更普遍的目标是鉴别出抑制还原氧化敏感基因的表达或活化被抑制的还原氧化敏感基因的选择性方法。
因此本发明的一个目的是提供新化合物,组合物和方法,用于治疗心血管和炎症疾病。
本发明的另一个目的是提供新化合物和组合物,作为LDL脂过氧化抑制剂是有用的。
本发明的另一个目的是提供新化合物和组合物,用作有用的抗动脉粥样硬化剂。
本发明的另一个目的是提供新化合物和组合物,用作LDL脂降低剂。
本发明的另一个目的是提供新化合物,组合物和方法,用于选择性地抑制VCAM-1的表达。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种方法,用于治疗由表达或抑制还原氧化敏感基因,例如MCP-1,IL-6和凝血酶受体所介导的疾病。
发明概述
X是O,S,SO,SO2,CH2或NH;
间隔基为选自一组包括-(CH2)n-,-(CH2)n-CO-,-(CH2)n-N-,-(CH2)n-O-,-(CH2)n-S-,-(CH2O)-,-(OCH2)-,-(SCH2)-,-(CH2S-),-(芳基-O)-,-(O-芳基)-,-(烷基-O)-,-(O-烷基)-;
n是0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9或10;
Y是取代或未取代的芳基,取代或未取代的杂芳基,取代或未取代的烷基,取代或未取代的烷氧基,取代或未取代的烷氧基烷基,取代或未取代的烷基硫基,取代或未取代的烷基硫烷基,取代或未取代的烷基亚磺酰基,取代或未取代的烷基亚磺酰基烷基,取代或未取代的烷基磺酰基,取代或未取代的烷基磺酰基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,SO2-OH,OC(O)R,C(O)OH,C(O)OR,C(O)NH2,C(O)NHR,C(O)NR2,SO2NH2,SO2NHR,SO2NR2;
R是烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,芳基,取代的芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环。
R1和R2独立地为可以有取代的直链,支链或环状烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,烷芳基或芳烷基;和在R1或R2基团上的取代基选自一组包括氢,卤素,烷基,硝基,氨基,烷基氨基,二烷基氨基,酰基和酰氧基;
R3和R4独立地为任何基团,但它并不影响分子所期望的特性,这样的基团包括H,卤素,或R1。
Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd独立地是任何不影响分子所要求的性质的基团,包括氢,可以有取代的直链的,支链的或环状的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,烷芳基,取代的烷芳基,芳烷基或取代的芳烷基;在Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd基团上的取代基,它选自一组氢,卤素,烷基,硝基,,氨基,卤代烷基,烷基氨基,二烷基氨基,酰基和酰氧基;
Z选自一组包括氢,烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,芳基,芳烷基,烷芳基,杂芳基,杂芳烷基,碳水化合物基团,-(CH2)-Re,-C(O)-Rg,和-C(O)-(CH2)n-Rh,其中(a)当Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd都为叔-丁基时,Z不能是氢和(b)当Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd都是叔丁基时,Z不能是琥珀酸基团。
Re选自一组包括烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,烷氧基,取代的烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,取代的烷氧基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,单或多羟基取代的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,酰氧基,取代的酰氧基,COOH,COOR,-CH(OH)Rk,羟基,C(O)NH2,C(O)NHR,C(O)NR2;
Rg选自一组包括烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,烷氧基,取代的烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,取代的烷氧基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,单或多羟基取代的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基;
Rh选自一组包括烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,烷氧基,取代的烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,取代的烷氧基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,单或多羟基取代的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,酰氧基,取代的酰氧基,COOH,COOR,-CH(OH)Rk,羟基,O-磷酸酯,C(O)NH2,C(O)NHR,C(O)NR2和其可药用的盐。
或者,在另一实施方案中,Re,Rg和Rh可以独立地是可改善化合物水溶性的取代基,包括但不局限是C(O)-间隔基-SO3H中,其中间隔基如上所定义,C(O)-间隔基-SO3M,其中M是用于形成可药用盐的金属,例如钠,C(O)-间隔基-PO3H2,C(O)-间隔基-PO3M2,C(O)-间隔基-PO3HM,C(O)-间隔基-PO4H,C(O)-间隔基-PO4M,SO3M,-PO3H2,-PO3M2,-PO3HM,环磷酸盐,多烃基烷基,碳水化合物基团,C(O)-间隔基-[O(C1-3烷基)p]n,其中n如上所定义和p是1,2或3,-[O(C1-3烷基)p]n,羧基低级烷基,低级烷基羰基低级烷基,N,N-二烷基氨基低级烷基,吡啶基低级烷基,咪唑基低级烷基,吗啉基低级烷基,吡咯烷基低级烷基,噻唑啉基低级烷基,哌啶基低级烷基,吗啉基低级羟基烷基,N-吡咯基,哌嗪基低级烷基,N-烷基哌嗪基低级烷基,三氮唑基低级烷基,四氮唑基低级烷基,四氮唑氨基低级烷基,或噻唑基低级烷基。
本发明向需要它的患者一般提供一种用于治疗心血管和炎症疾病的方法,它包括向所说的患者施用有效量的式(I)或式(II)化合物。
本发明进一步向需要它的患者提供了一种抑制LDL脂质过氧化的方法,它包括向所说的患者施用有效抗氧剂量的式(I)和式(II)化合物。
在另一实施方案中,提供了一种方法,用于抑制还原氧化基因的表达或活化通过还原氧化-敏感的通路已被抑制的基因,该方法包括施用有效量的式(I)或式(II)化合物来阻止氧化的信号的氧化作用,典型地是,PUFA的氧化。涉及参与表示免疫应答的代表性的氧化还原-敏感性基因包括,但不局限于那些表达参与启动免疫应答的细胞因子(例如,IL-1β),促进炎性细胞向损伤处迁移的化学引诱剂(例如,MCP-1)。生长因子(例如,IL-6和凝血酶受体),和粘附分子(例如,VCAM-1和E-选择蛋白)的基因。
发明详述
除非特别说明,本文所用的术语烷基是指C1至C10的饱和的直链,支链,或环状的,一级,二级,或三级烃,并特别包括甲基,乙基,丙基,异丙基,环丙基,丁基,异丁基,叔丁基,戊基,环戊基,异戊基,新戊基,己基,异己基,环己基,环己基甲基,3-甲基戊基,2,2-二甲基丁基,和2,3-二甲基丁基。该烷基基因可以任选地取代有一个或多个基因,选自包括烷基,卤素,羟基,羧基,酰基,酰氧基,氨基,烷基氨基,芳基氨基,烷氧基,芳氧基,硝基,氰基,磺酸,硫酸酯,膦酸,磷酸酯,或膦酸酯,或按需要为未保护的或保护的,如那些在本领域技术人员所知道的,如在Greene等有机合成中的保护基团,John Wiley and Sons,第二版,1991中所教授的,在此以参考文献列入。
除非特别指明,本文所用的术语低级烷基是指C1至C5的饱和直链,支链,或适当的环状(例如,环丙基)的烷基基团。
同样的术语链烯基是指由从一至十个碳原子组成的直链或支链构型的饱和烃基二基基团。该术语包括的范围是,亚甲基,1,2-乙烷二基,1,1-乙烷二基,1,3-丙烷二基,1,2-丙烷二基,1,3-丁烷二基,1,4-丁烷二基等。该链烯基基团可以任选地取代有一个或多个基团,它选自包括烷基,卤素,羟基,羧基,酰基,酰氧基,氨基,烷基氨基,芳基氨基,烷氧基,芳氧基,硝基,氰基,磺酸,硫酸酯,膦酸,磷酸酯,或膦酸酯,或按需要为未保护的或保护的,如那些本领域技术人员所知的,例如在有机合成中的保护基团,John Wiley和Sons,第二版,1991中所教授的,在此作为参考列入。
术语“-(CH2)n-”代表直链构型的饱和烃基二基基团。术语“n”定义为0-10。因此基团“-(CH2)n-”代表一个键(即,当n=0时),亚甲基,1,2-乙烷二基或1,3-丙烷二基等。
本文所用的术语芳基,除非另有注明,是指苯基,二苯基或萘基,优选苯基。除非另有注明,本文所用术语芳烷基是指如上述定义的芳基基团通过上述定义的烷基基团连接至分子上。除非另有注明,本文所用的术语烷芳基是指如上述定义的烷基基团通过上述定义的芳基基团连接至分子上。这些基团中的每个基团中,烷基基团可以如上所述任选地取代,和芳基基团可以任选地取代有一个或多个基团,它选自包括烷基,卤素,羟基,羧基,酰基,酰氧基,氨基,烷基氨基,芳基氨基,烷氧基,芳氧基,硝基,氰基,磺酸,硫酸酯,膦酸,磷酸酯或膦酸酯,它们按需要或未保护或保护的,如那些本领域技术人员所知的,例如在Greene等中有机合成中的保护基团,John Wiley和Sons,第二版,1991中所教授的。术语芳基所特别包括的范围为苯基;萘基;苯甲基;苯乙基;3,4,5-三羟基苯基;3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基;3,4,5-三乙氧基苯基;4-氯苯基;4-甲基苯基;3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基;4-氟苯基;4-氯-1-萘基;2-甲基-1-萘基甲基;2-萘基甲基;4-氯苯基甲基;4-叔丁基苯基;4-叔丁基苯基甲基等。
除非特别指明,本文所用的术语“保护的”指的是为阻止其进一步反应或其它目的而加至氧,氮或磷原子的一个基团。各种类的氧和氮的保护基团对那些有机合成领域的技术人员是熟知的。
本文所用的术语卤素,包括氯,溴,碘和氟。
除非特别说明,本文所使用的术语烷氧基是指结构-O-烷基的基因,其中烷基如上面所定义。
本文所用术语酰基是指式C(O)R′的基团,其中R′是烷基,芳基,烷芳基或芳烷基基团,或取代的烷基,芳基,芳烷基或烷芳基,其中这些基团如上所定义。
本文所使用的术语多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)是指具有至少两个链烯键的脂肪酸(典型的为C8至C24),包括,但不只限于亚油酸(C18△9,12),亚麻酸(C18△6,9,12),花生四烯酸(C20△8,11,14)。
术语氧化的多不饱和脂肪酸(ox-PUFA)是指至少有一个链烯键已转化为氢过氧化物的不饱和脂肪酸。非限制的实施例是13-HPODE和15-HPETE。
术语可药用的盐或复合物是指保留本发明化合物的期望的生物活性而显示最小不希望的毒性作用的盐或复合物。这类盐的非限定的实施例为(a)与无机酸形成的酸加成盐(无机酸如,盐酸,氢溴酸,硫酸,磷酸,硝酸等),与有机酸形成的盐,有机酸如乙酸,草酸,酒石酸,琥珀酸,苹果酸,抗坏血酸,安息香酸,单宁酸,双羟萘酸,海藻酸,多聚谷氨酸,萘磺酸,萘二磺酸,和聚半乳糖醛酸;(b)与金属阳离子加成形成的盐,如锌,钙,铋,钡,镁,铝,铜,钴,镍,镉,钠,钾,等,或从胺N,N-二苄乙烯基二胺,D-葡萄糖铵,四乙铵或乙二胺形成的阳离子;或(c),(a)和(b)的结合物;例如单宁酸锌盐等。在本定义中还包括可药用的季盐,它们对本领域技术人员是所知的,其中尤其包括式-NR+A-的季铵盐,其中R如上述定义并且A是相反离子,包括氯,溴,碘,-O-烷基,甲苯磺酸根,甲基磺酸根,磺酸根,磷酸根或羧酸根(如苯甲酸根,琥珀酸根,乙酸根,甘醇酸根,顺丁烯二酸根,苹果酸根,柠檬酸根,酒石酸根,抗坏血酸根,苯甲酸根,肉桂酸根,扁桃酸根,苯甲酸根和二苯基乙酸根)。
通过VCAM-1介导的疾病包括,但不局限于动脉粥样硬化,后血管成形术再狭窄,冠状动脉疾病,心绞痛,小动脉疾病和其它心血管疾病,还有非心血管炎性疾病如风湿性关节炎,骨关节炎,哮喘,皮炎,多发性硬化和牛皮癣。
X是O,S,SO,SO2,CH2或NH;
间隔基为选自一组包括-(CH2)n-,-(CH2)n-CO-,-(CH2)n-N-,-(CH2)n-O-,-(CH2)n-S-,-(CH2O)-,-(OCH2)-,-(SCH2)-,-(CH2S-),-(芳基-O)-,-(O-芳基)-,-(烷基-O)-,-(O-烷基)-;
n是0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9或10;
Y是取代或未取代的芳基,取代或未取代的杂芳基,取代或未取代的烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,SO2-OH,OC(O)R,C(O)OH,C(O)OR,C(O)NH2,C(O)NHR,C(O)NR2;
R是烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,芳基,取代的芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环。
R1和R2独立地为可以有取代的直链,支链或环状烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,烷芳基或芳烷基;和在R1或R2基团上的取代基选自一组包括氢,卤素,烷基,硝基,氨基,烷基氨基,二烷基氨基,酰基和酰氧基;
R3和R4独立地为任何基团,但它并不影响分子所期望的特性,这样的基团包括H,卤素,或R1。
本发明优选的化合物包括式(I)的化合物其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y为芳基,取代芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,NH2,NHR,NR2,烷基,取代烷基,酰氧基和取代的酰氧基;R为烷基,链烯基,链炔基,芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基或硝基取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环。R1和R2独立地是直链,支链或环状的C1-10烷基;R3和R4独立地是氢,卤素或R1。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括通式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y为芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,NH2,NHR,NR2,烷基,取代的烷基,酰氧基,和取代的酰氧基;R为烷基,链烯基,链炔基,芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基或硝基取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环。R1和R2独立地是直链,支链或环状的C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地为氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y为芳基;芳基,它被取代有单或多个烷基,链烯基,链炔基,卤素,硝基,羟基,COOH,COOR,CONH2,CONHR,CONR2,-(CH2)m-OH(其中m为0-10),卤代烷基,单或多羟基取代的支链烷基,碳水化合物基团,SO2OH,SO2NH2,SO2NHR,SO2NR2或OCOR;杂芳基;杂芳基,它取代有单或多个烷基,链烯基,链炔基,CH2NH2,CH2NHR,CH2NR2,COOH,COOR;NH2;NHR;NR2;直链,支链或环烷基;直链,支链,或被OCOR,SO2OH,COOH或COOR取代的环烷基;和OCOR;R为烷基,链烯基,链炔基,芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基,或硝基取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地为C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地为氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y为芳基;被烷基,链烯基,链炔基,卤素,硝基,羟基,COOH,COOR,CONH2,CONHR,CONR2,-(CH2)m-OH(其中m为0-10),卤代烷基,单或多羟基取代的支链烷基,碳水化合物基团,SO2OH,SO2NH2,SO2NHR,SO2NR2或OCOR单或多取代的芳基;R为烷基,链烯基,链炔基,芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基,或硝基取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地为C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地为氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y为苯基;被烷基,链烯基,链炔基,卤素,硝基,羟基,COOH,COOR,CONH2,CONHR,CONR2,-(CH2)m-OH(其中m为0-10),卤代烷基,单或多羟基取代的支链烷基,碳水化合物基团,SO2OH,SO2NH2,SO2NHR,SO2NR2或OCOR单或多取代的苯基;R为烷基,链烯基,链炔基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,芳基,杂芳基或硝基取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地为C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地是氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-;n为0-10;Y为苯基;被烷基,链烯基,链炔基,卤素,硝基,羟基,COOH,COOR,CONH2,CONHR,CONR2,-(CH2)m-OH(其中m为0-10),卤代烷基,单或多羟基取代的支链烷基,碳水化合物基团,SO2OH,SO2NH2,SO2NHR,SO2NR2或OCOR单或多取代的苯基;R为烷基,链烯基,链炔基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,芳基,杂芳基或硝基取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R基团可以进一步被烷基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基或烷基-COO芳基取代;R1和R2独立地为C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地为氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y为苯基;被烷基,链烯基,链炔基,卤素,硝基,羟基,COOH,COOR,CONH2,CONHR,CONR2,-(CH2)m-OH(其中m为0-10),卤代烷基,单或多羟基取代的支链烷基,碳水化合物基团,SO2OH,SO2NH2,SO2NHR,SO2NR2或OCOR单或多取代的苯基;R为烷基,链烯基,链炔基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,芳基,杂芳基或硝基取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地是C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地是氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y为苯基;被烷基,卤素,硝基,羟基,COOH,COOR,CONH2,CONHR,CONR2,-(CH2)m-OH(其中m为0-10),卤代烷基,单或多羟基取代的支链烷基,碳水化合物基团,SO2OH,SO2NH2,SO2NHR,SO2NR2或OCOR单或多取代的苯基;R为烷基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,芳基,杂芳基或硝基取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地是C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地是氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y为苯基;被烷基,卤素,硝基,羟基,COOH,COOR,CONH2,CONHR,CONR2,-(CH2)m-OH(其中m为0-10),卤代烷基,单或多羟基取代的支链烷基,碳水化合物基团,SO2OH,SO2NH2,SO2NHR,SO2NR2或OCOR单或多取代的苯基;R为烷基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基或硝基取代的呋喃基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地为C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地为氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y为杂芳基;被烷基,链烯基,链炔基,CH2NH2,CH2NHR,CH2NR2,COOH,COOR单或多取代的杂芳基;R为烷基,链烯基,链炔基,芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基或硝基取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地为C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地为氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-;n为0-10;Y为杂芳基;被烷基,链烯基,链炔基,CH2NH2,CH2NHR,CH2NR2,COOH,COOR单或多取代的杂芳基;R为烷基,链烯基,链炔基,芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基或硝基取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地为C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地为氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y为杂芳基;被烷基,链烯基,链炔基,CH2NH2,CH2NHR,CH2NR2,COOH,COOR单或多取代的杂芳基;R为烷基,链烯基,链炔基,芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基或硝基取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地是C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地是氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y为可被烷基,链烯基,链炔基,CH2NH2,CH2NHR,CH2NR2,COOH,COOR任选单或多取代的异噻唑基或呋喃基;R为烷基,链烯基,链炔基,芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基或硝基取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地为C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地为氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y为可被烷基,链烯基,链炔基,CH2NH2,CH2NHR,CH2NR2,COOH,COOR任选单或多取代的异噻唑基;R为烷基,链烯基,链炔基,芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基或硝基取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地为C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地是氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y为可被烷基,链烯基,链炔基,CH2NH2,CH2NHR,CH2NR2,COOH,COOR任选单或多取代的呋喃基;R为烷基,链烯基,链炔基,芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基或硝基取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地为C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地为氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y为NH2,NHR或NR2;R为烷基,链烯基,链炔基,芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基或硝基取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地为C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地为氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y为NH2,NHR或NR2;R为烷基或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地为C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地为氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-;n为0-10;Y为NH2,NHR或NR2;R为烷基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地为C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地为氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y为NH2,NHR,或NR2;R为烷基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地为C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地为氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y选自包括直链,支链或环状的烷基;被OCOR,SO2OH,COOH或COOR取代的直链,支链或环状的烷基;和OCOR;R为烷基,链烯基,链炔基和芳基;或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地为C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地为氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y选自包括直链,支链或环状的烷基;被OCOR,SO2OH,COOH或COOR取代的直链,支链或环状的烷基;和OCOR;R为烷基或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地是C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地是氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-;n为0-10;Y选自包括直链,支链或环状的烷基;被OCOR,SO2OH,COOH取代的直链,支链或环状的烷基;或COOR;R为烷基,R1和R2独立地是C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地是氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y选自一组包括直链,支链或环状的烷基;被OCOR取代的直链,支链或环状的烷基;R为烷基;R1和R2独立地是C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地是氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y为OCOR;R为烷基;R1和R2独立地是C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地是氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-;n为0-10;Y为OCOR;R为烷基;R1和R2独立地是C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地是氢。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(I)的化合物,其中X为S,SO或SO2;间隔基为-(CH2)n-CO-;n为0-10;Y为OCOR,R为烷基;R1和R2独立地是C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地是氢。
本发明的实施例包括如下定义的式(I)化合物:
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-羧甲基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-(CH2)2-;Y=4-硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=2-羧乙基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羧基丙酰氧基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-羧苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=1-乙酰氧基-1-甲基乙基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=3-硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=2,4-二硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-三氟甲基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=2-羧基呋喃基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-(N,N-二甲基)亚磺酰氨基苯基;
X=SO;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-硝基苯基;
X=SO2;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-乙酰氧基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-甲基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-氟苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=乙磺酸;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=2-二甲氨基甲基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-(CH2)3-;Y=二甲氨基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-(CH2)5-;Y=乙酰氧基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-(2-羟基)乙基苯基。
Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd独立地是氢,可以有取代的直链的,支链的(例如叔丁基),或环状的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,烷芳基,取代的烷芳基,芳烷基或取代的芳烷基;在Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd基团上的取代基,它选自一组氢,卤素,烷基,硝基,,氨基,卤代烷基,烷基氨基,二烷基氨基,酰基和酰氧基;
Z选自一组包括氢,烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,芳基,芳烷基,烷芳基,杂芳基,杂芳烷基,碳水化合物基团,-(CH2)-Re,-C(O)-Rg,和-C(O)-(CH2)n-Rh,其中(a)当Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd都为叔-丁基时,Z不能是氢和(b)当Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd都是叔丁基时,Z不能是琥珀酸基团。
Re选自一组包括烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,烷氧基,取代的烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,取代的烷氧基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,单或多羟基取代的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,酰氧基,取代的酰氧基,COOH,COOR,-CH(OH)Rk,羟基,C(O)NH2,C(O)NHR,C(O)NR2;
Rg选自一组包括烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,烷氧基,取代的烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,取代的烷氧基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,单或多羟基取代的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基;
Rh选自一组包括烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,烷氧基,取代的烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,取代的烷氧基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,单或多羟基取代的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,酰氧基,取代的酰氧基,COOH,COOR,-CH(OH)Rk,羟基,O-磷酸酯,C(O)NH2,C(O)NHR,C(O)NR2和其可药用的盐。
或者,在另一实施方案中,Re,Rg和Rh可以独立地是可改善化合物水溶性的取代基,包括但不局限是C(O)-间隔基-SO3H中,其中间隔基如上所定义,C(O)-间隔基-SO3M,其中M是用于形成可药用盐的金属,例如钠,C(O)-间隔基-PO3H2,C(O)-间隔基-PO3M2,C(O)-间隔基-PO3HM,C(O)-间隔基-PO4H,C(O)-间隔基-PO4M,SO3M,-PO3H2,-PO3M2,-PO3HM,环磷酸盐,多烃基烷基,碳水化合物基团,C(O)-间隔基-[O(C1-3烷基)p]n,其中n如上所定义和p是1,2或3,-[O(C1-3烷基)p]n,羧基低级烷基,低级烷基羰基低级烷基,N,N-二烷基氨基低级烷基,吡啶基低级烷基,咪唑基低级烷基,吗啉基低级烷基,吡咯烷基低级烷基,噻唑啉基低级烷基,哌啶基低级烷基,吗啉基低级羟基烷基,N-吡咯基,哌嗪基低级烷基,N-烷基哌嗪基低级烷基,三氮唑基低级烷基,四氮唑基低级烷基,四氮唑氨基低级烷基,或噻唑基低级烷基。
上述定义基团的取代基选自包括:烷基,链烯基,链炔基,羟基,卤基,硝基,氨基,烷基氨基,二烷基氨基,羧基,芳基,杂芳基,COOR,CONH2,CONHR,CONR2,卤代烷基,烷氧基烷基,单或多羟基烷基,CH2-OR,CH2-OH,OCOR,O-磷酸酯,SO2-NH2,SO2-NHR,SO2-NR2。
本发明一个优选的实施方案包括式(II)化合物,其中Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd独立地是氢或直链,支链,或环状的C1-10烷基;Z选自包括氢,烷基,取代烷基,链烯基,取代链烯基,链炔基,取代链炔基,碳水化合物基团,-(CH2)-Re,-C(O)-Rg和-C(O)-(CH2)n-Rb,和其可药用的盐。
本发明另一个优选的实施方案包括式(II)化合物,其中Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd独立地是氢,或直链,支链,或环状的C1-5烷基;Z选自包括氢,烷基,取代烷基,链烯基,取代链烯基,链炔基,取代链炔基,碳水化合物基团,-(CH2)-Re,-C(O)-Rg和-C(O)-(CH2)n-Rh,和其可药用的盐。
本发明的另一个优选的实施方案包括式(II)化合物,其中Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd独立地是氢或直链,支链或环状的C1-5烷基;Z选自一组包括氢,烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,-CH2-芳基取代的链炔基,碳水化合物基团,-CH2-NR2,-CH2-烷氧基,-CH2-CHOH,-CH2-取代的芳基,-CH2-烷基,-CH2-取代的烷基,-CH2-OCO-烷基,-CH2-OCO-取代的烷基,-CH2-COOR,-CH2-CH(OH)CH2NHCH2COOR,-CH2-CH(OH)-取代的环氧乙烷基(其中取代基选自包括氢,CH2OH,CH2OCHOH-环氧乙烷基),-CO-芳基,-CO-取代的芳基,-CO-杂芳基,-CO-取代的杂芳基,-CO-(CH2)n-COOR,-CO-(CH2)n-OH,-CO-(CH2)n-O-磷酸酯,-CO-(CH2)n-CO-NR2,-CO-(CH2)n-芳基,-CO-(CH2)n-取代的芳基,-CO-(CH2)n-杂芳基,-CO-(CH2)n-取代的杂芳基,-CO-(CH2)n-CONH(CH2)COOR,-CO-(CH2)n-CON((CH2)COOR)2,单糖,环状的单糖和其可药用的盐。
本发明的另一个优选的实施方案包括式(II)化合物,其中Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd独立地是氢或直链,支链或环状的C1-5烷基;Z选自包括氢,烷基,羟基烷基,多羟基烷基,链烯基,羟基链烯基,酰基-取代的链烯基,烷氧基烷基,硝基苯基烷基,氨基苯基烷基,烷基氨基苯基烷基,二烷氨基苯基烷基,氨基烷基,烷基胺烷基,二烷基氨基烷基,羧基烷基,酰氧基烷基,环氧乙烷基-取代的羟基烷基,羟基烷基-取代的环氧乙烷基亚甲基,环氧乙烷基-取代的羟基烷氧基烷基,环氧乙烷基亚甲基,羧基烷基氨基羟基烷基,烷氧基羟基烷基,吡喃葡萄糖基,吡喃半乳糖基,N,N-二酰基烷基氨基羟基烷基,羧基烷基氨基多羟基烷基,(氨基)(羧基)烷基氨基羟基烷基,酰氧基羟基烷基,多羟基烷基氨基羟基烷基,CO-羟基烷基,CO-硝基呋喃基,CO-羟基烷基,CO-多羟基烷基,CO-酰氨基烷基,CO-氨基烷基,CO-烷基氨基烷基,CO-二烷基氨基烷基,CO-酰基烷基,CO-烷氧基羰基烷基,CO-四氮唑基烷基,CO-(酰基)(氨基)烷基氨基,二烷氧基羰基烷基氨基烷基,CO-羟基苯氧膦酰氧基烷基,或其可药用的盐。
本发明的实施例包括式(II)化合物,其中:
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-硝基苯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-(CH2)2-COOH;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-(5-硝基呋喃-2-基);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羧基丙基;
Ra=1-甲基乙基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=甲基,和Rd=甲基;Z=4-氨基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-氨基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羟基丙酰基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=叔丁基羰基氧甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=H,和Rd=H;Z=4-氨基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=H,和Rd=H;Z=3-羧基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=羧甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-(CONH2)乙酰基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-氨基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-(2-羧乙基);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-氨基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-3-羧丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羧丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-2-羧乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-甲基铵(盐酸盐);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-2-环氧乙烷基-乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羟基甲基环氧乙烷-2-基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-(2-羟基-2-环氧乙烷基)乙氧基环氧乙烷-2-基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=环氧乙烷基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-羧甲基氨基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2,3,4-三羟基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-乙氧基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2,3-二羟基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-乙氧基羰基乙烯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-N,N-二甲氨基苯乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-2-羧乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-2-羧乙基(L-精氨酸酯);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-甲氧基羰基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羧基乙烯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=吡喃半乳糖基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-(N,N-二乙氨基)丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-乙氧基羰基乙烯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=羧甲基氨基羰基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=1,3-二羧丙基氨基羰基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-(1,3-二乙氧基羰基)丙氨基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2,3-二羟基-4-羧甲基氨基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-(5-氨基-5-羧基)丙基氨基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-乙基羰基氧丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-羟基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=吡喃葡萄糖基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-3-四氮唑基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羟基丙烯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CH2CONH-(CH2)CH(NH2)COOH;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CH2CONHCH(COOet)CH2CH2(COOet);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=吡喃葡萄糖基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2,3,4,5,6-五羟基己烷;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-3-(2-羟基苯基氧磷氧基)丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-2,2-二甲基-3-羟基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-乙酰氧基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-乙酰氧基-3-羟基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CH2CH(OH)CH2NH(2,3,4,5,6-五羟基)己烷;
式(I)化合物可以通过用已知的方法和技术或其常规的改进方法加以制备。制备式(I)化合物的通用合成方案在方案A中提出,除非另有注明,其中所有的取代基是在前面定义的。
方案A
起始硫醇,4-疏基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的合成在文献(Laufer的美国专利No.3,129,262,在本文中将其整体作为参考文献引入)中有叙述。起始原料烷基卤代物是可以购得的或用本领域普通技术人员所知的方法从商业可购得的起始物制备而得到。
将定量的4-疏基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚溶解在乙醇中得到0.5M的溶液,并用1.2当量的氢氧化钠(5N水溶液)处理。5分钟后,加入1.2当量的卤代烷并于室温下搅拌该反应混合物24小时。用1N HCl调节pH 7终止反应,用水稀释,用乙醚萃取并用硫酸镁干燥。用硅胶色谱纯化产品。
在方案A中概述的通用合成方法中所用的起始物质对本领域普通技术人员是容易得到的。例如,制备各种式(I)化合物的一些苯酚起始物质,如2,6-二叔丁基-4-苯硫酚,在美国专利No.3,576,883,美国专利No.3,952,064,美国专利No.3,479,407和日本专利申请73-28425中叙述。
通常地,式(I)结构的苯酚可以通过溶解适当的2,6-二烷基-4-苯硫酚(或适当的保护的衍生物)在醇中,优选在乙醇中,然后加入卤化的芳基化合物而加以制备。
起始原料2,6-二烷基-取代的硫苯酚,可用本领域中普通技术人员知道的许多保护基之一来加以保护。苯酚适当的保护基团的实施例为醚类,如甲氧基甲基,2-甲氧基乙氧基甲基,四氢吡喃基,叔丁基和苄基;甲硅烷基醚类,如三甲基甲硅烷基和1-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基;酯类,如醋酸酯和苯甲酸酯;碳酸酯类,如甲基碳酸酯和苄基碳酸酯;还有磺酸酯类,如甲烷磺酸酯和甲苯磺酸酯。
下述实施例代表了方案A中描述的典型合成。这些实施例应理解为只是用作说明性的,而绝不是要以任何方式限制本发明。本文使用的下述术语的意义是指:“g”为克;“mmol”为毫摩尔;“mL”是毫升;“bp”是指沸点;“℃”为摄氏度;“mmHg”为毫米汞柱;“mp”为熔点;“mg”为毫克;“μM”为微摩尔当量;“μg”为微克。
实施例12,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′(甲基)苯基乙酸)苯酚反应叙述:
将2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代苯酚(238mg,1mmol)溶解于乙醇(0.7mL)中并冷却至0℃。加入5N NaOH(0.6mL,3mmol),然后加入4-(溴甲基)苯基乙酸(229mg,1mmol)。将反应温热至室温并在0.5小时后完成反应。用1N HCl(3.5mL)终止反应并用乙醚(25mL)稀释。分离出醚层并用水(1×5mL)和盐水(1×5mL)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。在硅胶色谱上纯化并用50∶50乙醚/己烷洗脱,得到170mg的(2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′(甲基)苯基乙酸)苯酚)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ7.24(s,2H),7.17(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.11(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),5.20(s,1H),3.91(s,2H),3.59(s,2H),1.33(s,18H)。
实施例22,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-硝基苄基)苯酚反应叙述:
在0℃将0.28mmol(68mg)的2,6-二叔丁基-4-苯硫酚在0.5mL的EtOH(变性的)中的溶液搅拌并用0.3mmol(0.06mL)的NaOH(5N在去离子化水中)反应。搅拌5分钟后,加入0.29mmol(62mg)的4-硝基溴苄,得到橙色溶液。反应进程由TLC(1∶1己烷-己烷-CH2Cl2;用UV和PMA/char显色)监测。在2小时过程中消耗尽了溴代物。然后将混合物用饱和NaCl-EtOAc终止反应。将水层用2×2mL EtOAc反萃取;用无水MgSO4干燥合并的有机层。过滤去除干燥剂;旋转蒸发除去溶剂后得到粗品油。用制备薄层色谱(PTLC)将油状物纯化,用2×500μ板和以1∶1己烷-CH2Cl2为展开剂。得到希望的产品(2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-硝基苄基)苯酚);收率为86%(90mg)1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHZ):δ8.10(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.25(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.04(s,2H),5.28(s,1H),3.98(s,2H),1.34(H)。
实施例32,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-硝基苯乙基)苯酚反应叙述:
将0.48mmol(115mg)的2,6-二叔丁基-4-苯硫酚在2mL无水THF中溶解并搅拌。将混合物用0.67mmol(27mg)氢化钠(60%矿物油悬浮液)处理,得到深黄色澄清溶液。加入4-硝基苯乙基碘化物(0.49mmol;135mg)得到深棕色混合物,将其搅拌过夜。反应过程用TLC监测(3×10∶1己烷-CH2Cl2;UV和PMA/char显斑),当仅有痕量起始碘化物剩余时,将反应终止(用饱和的NaCl-EtOAc)。用2×5mL EtOAc反萃取水层;将合并的有机层用无水MgSO4干燥。过滤除去干燥剂;然后旋转蒸发除去溶剂,得到深棕色油状物。用径向展开色谱法(10∶1己烷-CH2Cl2;4mm板)纯化粗品物质,得到93mg(50%收率)的2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-硝基苯乙基)苯酚。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHZ):δ8.15(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.34(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.24(s,2H),5.26(s,1H),3.11(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),3.09(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.43(s,18H)。
实施例42,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(3′-硝基苄基)苯酚反应叙述:
将3-硝基苄基氯(0.42mmol;72mg)和2,6-二叔丁基苯硫酚(0.42mmol;100mg)溶解于0.7mL的EtOH中并用92μL NaOH(5N溶液)处理。将反应混合物搅拌19.5小时,然后用饱和NaCl终止反应并用EtOAc萃取。用EtOAc(2×10mL)反萃取水层。合并有机部分,用Na2SO4干燥,并浓缩至黄色油状物。将粗品于真空下放置2小时。用2mm(SiO2)板和4∶1己烷-EtOAc,径向展开色谱进行纯化。得到2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(3′-硝基苄基)苯酚,为黄色油状物(108mg;69%收率)。8.07(app d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.87(s,1H)7.48(AB d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.42(AB m,J=7.6,8.0Hz,1H),7.05(s,2H),5.27(s,1H),3.99(s,2H),1.34(s,18H)。
实施例52,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(2′,4′-二硝基苄基)苯酚反应叙述:
将2,4-二硝基苄基氯(0.42mmol;91mg)和2,6-二叔丁基苯硫酚(0.42mmol;100mg)溶解于0.7mL的EtOH中并用92μL的NaOH(5N溶液)处理。将反应混合物搅拌19.5小时,然后用饱和NaCl终止反应并用EtOAc(25mL)萃取。将水层用EtOAc(2×10mL)反萃取。合并有机层,用Na2SO4干燥,并浓缩至棕色油状物。通过径向色谱,用2mm板(SiO2)和4∶1己烷-EtOAc为展开剂,纯化该油状物,得到2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(2′,4′-二硝基苄基)苯酚,为黄色油状物(37mg;21%收率)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHZ):δ8.74(app d,J=2.4Hz,1H),8.24(dd,J=8.8,2.4Hz,1H),7.29(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.98(s,2H),5.35(s,1H),4.36(s,2H),1.34(s,18H)。
实施例6(2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-(三氟甲基)苄基)苯酚反应叙述:
将4-(三氟甲基)苄基溴(0.42mmol;100mg)和2,6-二叔丁基苯硫酚(0.42mmol;100mg)溶解于0.7mL的EtOH中并用92μL的NaOH(5N溶液)处理。在30分钟内反应混合物变成棕色,并观察到沉淀。将混合物搅拌22小时,然后用饱和NaCl和EtOAc终止。用2×10mL EtOAc反萃取水层。用Na2SO4干燥合并的有机层,然后浓缩,得到棕黄色固体。使用4mm板(SiO2)和4∶1己烷-EtOAc作为展开剂,通过径向展开色谱将固体纯化,得到(2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-三氟甲基)苄基)苯酚,为黄色固体(140mg;84%收率)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHZ):δ7.48(AB d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.20(AB d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.01(s,2H),5.24(s,1H),3.93(s,2H),1.33(s,18H)。
实施例72,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代((2′-呋喃羧酸)-5-甲基)苯酚反应叙述:
将2,6-二叔丁基-4-苯硫酚(0.49mmol;116mg)溶解于无水THF(2mL)中,搅拌并用氢化钠(0.58mmol;23mg;60%矿物油悬浮液)处理。用5-(氯甲基)2-呋喃酸甲酯(0.54mmol;95mg)处理所得黄色溶液。将棕色混合物搅拌22小时,然后用盐水终止反应。用EtOAc(3×3mL)萃取,合并有机层并用MgSO4干燥,然后旋转蒸发除去溶剂,得到粗品油。将粗产品在2×500μ制备薄层色谱板(SiO2;1∶1己烷-CH2Cl2为展开剂)上展开,得到预期的中间体(132mg;72%收率)。将该中间体(0.35mmol;132mg)溶解于4∶1∶1 MeOH-THF-H2O(3mL)中,搅拌,并用LiOH单水合物(1.2mmol;50mg)处理。于室温下搅拌该混合物18小时,然后除去溶剂,得到2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代((2′-呋喃羧酸)-5-甲基)苯酚(94mg;74%收率),为褐色固体。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHZ):δ 7.21(d,J=3.2Hz,1H),7.19(s,2H),6.17(d,J=3.2Hz,1H),5.30(br s,1H),4.00(s,2H),1.40(s,18H)。
实施例82,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-甲基-N,N-二甲基苯磺酰胺)苯酚反应叙述:
将2,6-二叔丁基-4-苯硫酚(180mg,0.755mmol)溶解于乙醇(1.5mL)中,然后用5N NaOH(0.5mL,0.75mmol)处理。5分钟后,向反应中加入在乙醇(1.5mL)中的4-(N,N-二甲基磺酰胺)苄基溴(210mg,0.755)。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌3小时。用1N HCl调至pH 7终止反应,用水(3mL)稀释,用乙醚(10mL)萃取,分离并用MgSO4干燥。用硅胶和以30∶70乙醚/己烷,然后用40∶60乙醚/己烷洗脱,将反应粗品混合物用柱色谱纯化。收集适当的组分,得到160mg期望的产品。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ7.67(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.32(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.08(s,2H),5.27(s,1H),2.69(s,6H),1.36(s,18H)。
实施例92,6-二叔丁基-4-亚磺酰基(4′-硝基苄基)苯酚反应叙述:
将2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(3′-硝基苄基)苯酚(157mg,0.42mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷(4.2mL)中并加入mCPBA。15分钟后,用乙醚(15mL)稀释反应并用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(2×5mL)洗涤,然后用水(1×5mL)和盐水(1×5mL)洗涤。将醚层用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。用径向展开硅胶色谱纯化所得油状物,用梯度浓度从30∶70乙醚/己烷至80∶20乙醚/己烷洗脱。收集合适的洗脱液部分(Rf=0.2,80∶20乙醚/己烷)并浓缩,得到50mg的2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(3′-硝基苄基)苯酚亚砜。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ8.11(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.07(br s,4H),5.57(br s,1H),4.13(d,J=12.4Hz,2H),4.01(d,J=12.4Hz,2H),1.36(s,18H)。
实施例102,6-二叔丁基-4-(磺酰基-(4′-硝基苄基))苯酚反应叙述:
将2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(3′-硝基苄基)苯酚(157mg,0.42mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷(4.2mL)中,并加入mCPBA。15分钟后,用乙醚(15mL)稀释反应,并用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(2×5mL)洗涤,然后用水(1×5mL)和盐水(1×5mL)洗涤。将醚层用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。用径向展开硅胶色谱将所得油状物色谱纯化,用梯度浓度从30∶70乙醚/己烷至80∶20乙醚/己烷洗脱。收集合适的洗脱液部分(Rf=0.5,80∶20乙醚/己烷)并浓缩,得到72mg的产品。8.16(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.38(s,2H),7.29(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),5.84(s,1H),4.35(s,18H)。
实施例112,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-乙酰氧苄基)苯酚反应叙述:
将2,6-二叔丁基苯硫酚(0.46mmol;110mg)在无水DMF(4.2mL)的溶液,用氢化钠(0.63mmol;25mg;60%矿物油悬浮液)处理,并于室温下搅拌15分钟。用4-(氯甲基)苯基乙酸酯(0.42mmol;77mg)处理该橙色混合物,产生棕红色颜色。将该混合物搅拌6.5小时,然后用EtOAc(20mL)稀释,并用去离子H2O(25mL)洗涤。用饱和NaCl水溶液洗涤有机层,然后浓缩得到粗品油。用4∶1己烷-EtOAc通过柱色谱(SiO2)进行纯化,得到2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-乙酰氧苄基)苯酚,为油状物(38mg;21%收率)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ7.17(AB d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.10(s,2H),6.97(AB d,J=8.8Hz,2H),5.23(s,1H),3.94(s,2H),2.29(s,3H),1.37(s,18H)。
实施例122,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-甲基苄基)苯酚反应叙述:
用0.85mmol(34mg)的氢化钠(60%矿物油悬浮液)处理搅拌的0.64mmol(153mg)2,6-二叔丁基苯硫酚在1.6mL干燥THF中的溶液,得到深橙棕色混合物。加入4-甲基苄基溴(0.66mmol;122mg)。将混合物搅拌过夜。用TLC(己烷;用UV和PMA/char显色)监测反应进程。约24小时后,用TLC(PMA显色出蓝-黑斑点)检测有产品的出现。用饱和NaCl-EtOAc终止反应。用2×5mL EtOAc反萃取水层;将合并的有机层用无水MgSO4干燥,然后过滤除去干燥剂。用旋转蒸发除去溶剂,得到粗品油,用己烷将它在2×500μ制备TLC(SiO2)上展开两次。分离出(2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-甲基苄基)苯酚),为黄色固体,收率为32%(70mg)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ7.10(s,2H),7.07(s,4H),5.22(s,1H),3.94(s,2H),2.33(s,3H),1.38(s,18H)。
实施例132,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-氟苄基)苯酚反应叙述:
用92μL的NaOH(5N溶液)处理2,6-二叔丁基苯硫酚(0.46mmol;110mg)在0.7mL EtOH的溶液。然后将该棕色混合物用4-氟苄基溴(0.42mmol;52μL)处理,并随后搅拌24小时。将混合物用饱和NaCl终止反应并用EtOAc(20mL)萃取。用2×10mLEtOAc反萃取水层。将合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥并浓缩,得到粗产品。用溶剂梯度从100%己烷至19∶1己烷-EtOAc洗脱,通过中压液相色谱(MPLC)(SiO2)进行纯化,得到119g混杂有起始硫醇的产品。用2×500μ SiO2板以19∶1己烷-EtOAc为展开剂,通过制备薄板色谱(pTLC)进一步纯化,得到2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4'-氟苄基)苯酚(34mg;34%收率)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ7.09(AB t,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.07(s,2H),6.92(AB t,J=8.8Hz,2H),5.23(s,1H),3.91(s,2H),1.36(s,18H)。
实施例142,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(3′-丙磺酸)苯酚反应叙述:
将2,6-二叔丁基苯硫酚(0.84mmol;200mg)和3-溴代丙磺酸(0.92mmol;207mg)溶解于EtOH,并用0.18mL的NaOH(5N溶液)处理。将反应搅拌90小时,然后用1mL 0.3N HCl终止反应并用10mL EtOAc萃取。用MgSO4干燥有机层,在SiO2上浓缩(旋转蒸发),并使用下述溶剂梯度:100%CH2Cl2,然后4∶1 CH2Cl2-MeOH(100mL),然后含有0.4mL AcOH的4∶1 CH2Cl2-MeOH,通过中压液相色谱进行纯化。得到2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(3′-苯磺酸)苯酚,为近白色固体(126mg;42%收率)。1H NMR((CD3)2SO,400MHz):δ7.06(s,2H),2.88(app t,J=7.2,7.6Hz,2H),2.52-2.48(m,2H),1.88(s,2H),1.80(pent,J=7.2,7.6Hz,2H),1.35(s,18H),LRMS:Neg.Ion Es 359(M-H)。
实施例152,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(5′-甲基-2′((二甲氨基)甲基)呋喃)苯酚反应叙述:
将2,6-二叔丁基-4-苯硫酚二硫化物(0.24mmol;112mg)和2-((二甲氨基)甲基)-5-(羟甲基)呋喃(0.13mmol;25mg)在2.4mL无水THF的溶液,用0.13mmol(32mg)的三丁基膦处理。将反应搅拌60小时,然后旋转蒸发除去溶剂,得到淡黄色油状物。用径向色谱(2mm SiO2板;95∶5 CH2Cl2-MeOH为洗脱剂),将粗品油纯化,得到7.3mg(7.5%收率)的标题化合物,为淡黄色无定型固体。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ 7.17(s,2H),6.22(d,J=3.2Hz,1H),5.97(d,J=3.2Hz,1H),5.22(br s H),3.95(s,2H),3.72(s,2H),2.37(s,6H),1.40(s,18H)。
实施例162,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(3′-(二甲氨基)丙基)苯酚反应叙述:
搅拌0.5mmol(119mg)的2,6-二叔丁基苯硫酚在1.5mL干燥DMF的溶液并用0.55mmol(22mg)的氢化钠(60%矿物油悬浮液)处理。加入3-(二甲氨基)丙基氯盐酸盐(0.5mmol;79mg)。并将所得棕色混合物搅拌2天。TLC(1∶1己烷-CH2Cl2;用UV和PMA/char显色)表明主要是起始原料。将混合物用0.5mmol NaOH(5N溶液)处理,然后搅拌过夜。TLC分析表明有新的UV-活性物质(低Rf;呈条痕)出现。用饱和NaCl-EtOAc终止反应。用EtOAc反萃取水层,并用无水mgSO4干燥合并的有机层。过滤除去干燥剂。旋转蒸发除去溶剂,得到棕色油状物。用2×500μ板(SiO2)和EtOH为展开剂,通过制备薄层色谱(pTLC)进行纯化,得到2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(3′-(二甲氨基)丙基)苯酚,为浅黄色固体(61mg;37%收率)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ 7.24(s,2H),5.20(s,1H),2.85(t,J=7.6,7.2Hz,2H),2.37(t,J=7.6,7.2Hz,2H),2.20(s,6H),1.77(q,J=7.6,7.0Hz,2H),1.42(s,18H)。
实施例172,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代((1′-(乙酰氧基))戊基)苯酚反应叙述:
将2,6-二叔丁基-4-苯硫酚(0.84mmol;200mg)溶解于7.6mL的DMF中,并用1.1mmol(46mg)的NaH(60%矿物油悬浮液)处理,得到橙色混合物。15分钟后,加入0.76mmol(0.12mL)的5-氯戊基乙酸酯。将混合物搅拌25小时,然后用20mL EtOAc稀释并用H2O(25mL)洗涤。用盐水洗涤有机层,然后用旋转蒸发收缩。将所得粗品物质用径向色谱(2mm SiO2板;85∶15己烷-EtOAc作为展开剂)纯化,得到2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代((1′-乙酰氧基))戊基)苯酚(93mg;30%收率),为淡黄色,无定型固体。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ7.23(s,2H),5.20(s,1H),4.05(app t,J=6.4,7.2Hz,2H),2.83(app t,J=6.8,7.2Hz,2H),2.04(s,3H),1.66-1.58(br m,4H),1.50-1.42(br m,2H),1.43(s,18H)。
实施例182,6-二叔丁基-1-甲氧基-4-硫代((4′-三氟甲基)苄基)苯反应叙述:
将(2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-(三氟甲基)苄基)苯酚(60mg,0.15mmol)溶解于二甲基甲酰胺(0.75mL),加入在矿物油中60%的氢化钠(9mg,0.225mmol),然后加入碘甲烷(0.014mL,0.225mmol)。0.5小时后,将反应用1N HCl(1mL)终止并用乙醚(10mL)稀释。用水(1×3mL)和盐水(1×3mL)洗涤乙醚层,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。用径向硅胶色谱,以己烷,然后用1∶99乙醚/己烷洗脱,将所得油状物纯化,得到20mg的产品。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ 7.48(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.20(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.01(s,2H),3.93(s,2H),3.60(s,3H),1.33(s,18H)。
实施例192,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-(甲基)苯基乙基醇)苯酚反应叙述:
将实施例1的化合物(300mg,0.86mmol)溶解于THF(17.2mL)中并冷却至-78℃。加入硼烷-二甲基硫醚(2M在THF中,1.72mL,1.72mmol)并在氮气中搅拌过夜,搅拌中使冷却浴温热至室温。将反应冷却至0℃,并加入浓HCl(0.5mL)并搅拌过夜。于真空下除去反应混合物中的溶剂并将剩余物溶解于乙酸乙酯(25mL)中,用盐水(1×5mL),1N NaOH(1×5mL)和盐水(1×5mL)洗涤。将乙酸乙酯层用MgSO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,并用40∶60乙醚/己烷在硅胶上色谱纯化,得到198mg的产品。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ7.12(s,4H),7.09(s,2H),5.21(s,1H),3.94(s,2H),3.84(br s,2H),2.84(t J=6.8Hz,2H),1.36(s,18H)。
式(II)化合物,其中Z形成了醚基团,可以用已知步骤和技术,或按常规修改的方法加以制备。制备式(II)化合物(其中Z形成醚基)的通用合成反应式示于反应式B中,其中所有取代基,除非另有注明,已在前面定义。
反应式B
将定量的普罗布考(从Sigma化学公司可购得)在0.1M四氢呋喃的溶液,用2当量氢化钠处理,并在室温下搅拌30分钟。向反应混合物中加入3当量的伯烷基溴化物或碘化物并将反应在室温下搅拌16小时。将反应用1N HCl水溶液终止并用乙酸乙酯稀释。移出水层并用水然后用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤乙酸乙酯层。将乙酸乙酯溶液用硫酸镁干燥,重力或真空过滤,然后浓缩。用硅胶色谱纯化产品。
制备式(II)化合物(其中Z形成一种醚基)的另一种方法是按照Mitsunobu(Syathesis,981,1)的方法,用伯醇处理普罗布考。
制备式(II)化合物的第二个可选择方法(在式(II)中Z形成醚基团),是按照Ando等的方法(Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn.55,1982,2504-2507),在吸附于氧化铝氟化钾的存在下,用伯烷基溴化物或碘化物在乙腈中处理普罗布考。
式(II)化合物(其中Z形成醚基团)可以通过用本领域普通技术人员所熟知并适合的步骤和技术加以制备。制备式(II)化合物的通用合成反应式,(其中Z形成酯基团)示于反应式C中,其中所有取代基,除非另有注明,是以前定义的。
反应式C
将定量的普罗布考在四氢呋喃的0.1M溶液,用2当量的氢化钠处理并在室温搅拌30分钟。向该反应混合物中加入3当量的酰氯或酸酐并将反应于室温搅拌16小时。用IN HCl水溶液终止反应并用乙酸乙酯稀释。移出水层并将乙酸乙酯层用水,而后用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤。用硫酸镁干燥乙酸乙酯溶液,重力或真空过滤,然后浓缩。用硅胶色谱纯化产品。
在上述反应式中简述的一般合成方法中使用的起始物质是容易得到的或依照标准技术和方法可以容易制备的。普罗布考是可从Sigma化学公司购得。
下述实施例表明了在化学反应式B和C中所述的典型合成。应理解这些实施例仅是说明性的而不是意在限制本发明的范围。
实施例20戊二酸,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基甲基酯反应叙述:
将普罗布考(2.8g,5.5mmol)溶解于THF(25mL)中,加入60%氢化钠在矿物油中(528mg,13.2mmol),然后加入甲基氯甲酰丁酸酯(0.751ml,6.6mmol)。2小时后用甲醇(3mL),再用水(10ml)终止反应。将反应混合物用乙醚(50mL)萃取,浓缩并用梯度浓度从0∶100乙醚/己烷至20∶80乙醚/己烷洗脱,在硅胶上进行色谱层析。反应得到500mg的产品。7.63(s,2H),7.45(s,2H),5.82(s,1H),3.71(s,3H),2.73(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),2.50(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.07(pent,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.47(s,6H),1.44(s,18H),1.34(s,18H)。
实施例214-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)4-〔(4-硝基苯基)甲氧基〕苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-苯酚反应叙述:
搅拌普罗布考(0.19mmol,100mg)在无水DMF(1mL)的溶液并用氢化钠(0.28mmol;11mg;60%矿物油悬浮液),然后用4-硝基苄基碘(0.24mmol;63mg)处理。将该混合物搅拌18小时,其间它变成黄绿色。用盐水终止反应,然后用3×2mL的Et2O萃取。将合并的有机层用MgSO4干燥,过滤并旋转蒸发浓缩,产生棕色油。用径向色谱纯化(2mm板;1∶1己烷-CH2Cl2为洗脱剂),得到产品为黄色固体(53mg,43%收率)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ 8.06(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.35(s,2H),7.14(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),6.79(s,2H),5.41(s,1H),3.13(s,2H),1.45-1.43(overlappings,21H),1.14(s,21H)。
实施例22丁二酸,单〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕酯反应叙述:
向500mL回收烧瓶中加入普罗布考(1.0g,1.93mmol)和四氢呋喃(16mL)。向该溶液中加入60%氢化钠在矿物油中混悬液(0.23g,5.75mmol)。向此混浊的白色混合物中加入琥珀酸酐(0.58g,5.8mmol)在THF(12mL)中。在室温下将深紫色反应物搅拌3小时。用IN HCl(25mL)将该深紫色反应混合物酸化并用乙酸乙酯(50mL)萃取两次。用MgSO4干燥有机萃取液,过滤并浓缩,得到橙色固体。将该橙色固体溶解于乙醚中,并用浓度梯度从70∶30己烷/乙醚至0∶100己烷/乙醚洗脱,在硅胶上进行色谱纯化。合并适当的洗脱部分并浓缩,得到白色固体。(170mg,0.276mmol,14%)。TLC(硅胶,60∶40乙醚/己烷+10滴HOAc,Rf=0.35);1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ7.61(s,2H),7.43(s,2H),5.38(s,1H),2.97(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),2.76(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),1.45(s,8H),1.42(s,16H),1.32(s,18H)。
实施例232-呋喃羧酸,5-硝基-,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基酯反应叙述:
将0.39mmol(20mg)的普罗布考在无水THF(3.9mL)的溶液,用氯化钠(0.58mmol;23mg;60%矿物油悬浮液)处理并于室温下搅拌10分钟。加入4-硝基呋喃酰氧(0.77mmol;136mg)时,澄清的混合物变成紫色。将该混合物搅拌47小时,其间反应物变成棕色,并观察到沉淀。用Et2O(40mL)稀释反应混合物,用H2O(15mL)洗涤,然后用Na2SO4干燥,并用旋转蒸发浓缩,得到粗品,为黄-橙色固体。用径向色谱(2mm板1;1己烷-CH2Cl2为展开剂)纯化,得到4,4′-(异亚丙基二硫代)〔O-(5″-硝基-2″-呋喃酰基)-2′,6′-二叔丁基苯酚〕-〔2,6-二叔丁基苯酚〕(83mg;33%收率)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ7.70(s,2H),7.50(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),7.45(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),7.45(s,2H),5.39(s,1H),1.50(s,6H),1.45(s,14H),1.35(s,22H)。
实施例24丁酸,4-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕2,6-二甲基苯氧基〕-反应叙述:
将4,4′-(异亚丙基二硫代)〔2′,6′-二甲基苯酚〕〔2,6-二叔丁基苯酚〕(0.55mmol;0.24g)溶解于无水DMF(5.5mL)中。向混合物中加入氢化钠(1.38mmol;33mg),然后加入4-碘代丁酸甲酯(0.83mmol;188mg)。于室温下将所得混合物搅拌4.5小时,其间混合物变成绿色。用0.3N HCl(约6mL)骤停该反应,使得混合物变成黄色。用Et2O(25mL)稀释然后用H2O(10mL)和盐水(10mL)洗涤。将溶液用MgSO4干燥并用旋转蒸发浓缩。用中压液相色谱MPLC((SiO2;溶剂梯度:100%己烷,然后95∶5己烷-Et2O,然后90∶10己烷-Et2O,最后80∶20己烷-Et2O)纯化,得到期望的中间体,为黄色油状物(197mg;67%收率)。溶解此油状物(.35mmol;187mg)在4∶1∶1 MeOH-THF-H2O(3.5mL)中。加入LiOH-水合物(1.05mmol;44mg),并于室温下将混合物搅拌1.75小时。然后用0.1N HCl将反应混合物酸化至pH 4。用3×15mL的EtOAc萃取,然后用MgSO4干燥合并的萃取液并用旋转蒸发浓缩,得出粗产品。用MPLC(SiO2;溶剂梯度:100%己烷至60∶40 Et2O-己烷(用微量乙酸酸化))纯化,得出4,4′-(异亚丙基二硫代))〔O-(γ-丁酸)-2′,6′-二-甲基苯酚〕〔2,6-二叔丁基苯酚〕,为黄色泡沫物(100mg;55%收率)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ7.44(s,2H),7.25(s,2H),5.38(s,1H),3.83(app t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.68(app t,J=8.0Hz,2H),2.25(s,6H),2.14(m,2H),1.47(s,6H),1.45(s,18H)。
实施例254-〔〔1-〔〔4-(4-氨基丁氧基)-3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-苯酚反应叙述:
将4,4′-(异亚丙基二硫代)〔2′,6′-二-甲基苯酚〕〔2,6-二-叔丁基苯酚〕(1.44mmol;622mg)溶解于无水DMF(14.4mL)中并用氢化钠(3.6mmol;144mg)处理。加入碘化四丁基胺(0.72mmol;266mg),随后加入(N-溴丁基)苯邻二甲酰亚胺(2.2mmol;608mg)。于室温下将混合物搅拌17小时,其间反应变成深绿色。用0.3N HCl(6mL)终止该反应混合物,然后用Et2O(100mL)稀释。用H2O(50mL)和盐水(50mL)洗涤。用NaCl处理水层并用Et2O反萃取。将合并的有机层用MgSO4干燥,然后旋转蒸发。用MPLC(SiO2;溶剂梯度:100%己烷至75∶25己烷-Et2O)进行纯化,得到所要的中间体,为黄-棕色油状物(150mg;82%收率)。溶解该中间体(0.89mmol;563mg)于无水DMF(8.9mL)并用水合肼(27mmol;0.83mL)处理。于室温下搅拌该混合物42小时。用1N HCl(8.9mL)处理反应混合物并搅拌1.5小时;加入NaHCO3调节至pH 7,然后用EtOAc(2×15mL)萃取,并用MgSO4干燥。旋转蒸发除去溶剂,然后用MPLC(SiO2;溶剂梯度:50∶50 MeOH-CH2Cl2至49.5∶49.5∶1MeOH-CH2Cl2-NH4OH)进行纯化,得出4,4′-(异亚丙基二硫代)〔O-(氨基丁基)-2′,6′-二-甲基苯酚〕〔2,6-二叔丁基苯酚〕(93mg;21%收率)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ7.42(s,2H),7.22(s,2H),5.55(s,1H),3.76(app t,J=6.8Hz,2H),2.78(aPp t,J=6.8Hz,2H),2.24(s,6H),1.83(m,2H),1.66(m,2H),1.45(s,6H),142(s,18H)。
实施例264-〔〔1-〔〔4-(4-氨基丁氧基)-3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-苯酚反应叙述:
溶解普罗布考(9.7mmol;5g)于无水DMF(14.5mL)中并用(N-溴丁基)苯邻二甲酰亚胺(13.6mmol;3.82g)和在氧化铝上的KF(48.4mmol;7.03g)处理。于室温下搅拌反应混合物18小时而后在80℃搅拌4小时。将该混合物通过多孔玻璃漏斗过滤,并用H2O(10mL)和Et2O(10mL)洗涤剩余物。用Et2O(200mL)稀释滤液,然后用H2O(50mL)和盐水(50mL)洗涤。将合并的有机层用MgSO4干燥并用旋转蒸发浓缩。用MPLC(SiO2;溶剂梯度:100%己烷至80∶20己烷-Et2O)进行纯化,得出期望的中间体,为棕色泡沫状物(346mg;5%收率)。溶解该中间体(0.44mmol;314mg)于DMF(4.4mL)中,并用水合肼(13mmol;0.41mL)处理,呈绿色。于室温下将混合物搅拌16小时。然后用1N HCl(4.7mL)处理,并继续搅拌1.5小时。加入NaHCO3调节混合物至pH 7。用2×30mL EtOAc萃取,然后用盐水(20mL)洗涤有机萃取液,用MgSO4干燥,并用旋转蒸发除去溶剂,得绿色液体。用MPLC(SiO2;溶剂梯度:100%CH2Cl2至90∶10 CH2Cl2-MeOH)进行纯化,得到4,4′-(异亚丙基二硫代)〔O-(氨基丁基)-2′,6′-二叔丁基苯酚〕〔2,6-二叔丁基苯酚〕,为黄色固体(182mg;71%收率)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ 7.52(s,2H),7.44(s,2H),5.28(s,1H),5.25(br s,2H),3.72-3.69(m,2H),2.92-2.88(m,2H),1.94-1.90(m,2H),1.73-1.69(m,2H),1.43(s,22H),140(s,20H)。
实施例27丁酸,4-羟基,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基酯反应叙述:
向冷却至-78℃的实施例22化合物(6.17g,10mmol)在THF(200mL)的溶液中,缓慢加入硼烷-甲基硫醚(10mL,2M THF中的溶液),于氮气下将所得的混合物搅拌过夜,其间冷却浴允许温热至室温。然后将其冷却至0℃,加入盐酸(37%,4mL)并于室温下搅拌混合物过夜。蒸发混合物至剩余物并在乙酸乙酯(100mL)和盐水(100mL)中分配。有机相用1N氢氧化钠溶液(100mL)而后用盐水(100mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。硅胶色谱纯化(二氯甲烷)得到标题化合物,为粘性剩余物。从己烷/二氯甲烷中结晶,得到白色晶体(5.5g)。MP:138-139℃。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.63(s,2H),7.45(s,2H),5.38(s,1H),3.76(t,2H),2.79(t,2H),2.01(m,2H),1.47(s,6H),1.44(s,18H),1.34(s,18H)。
实施例28丙酸,2,2-二甲基,〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕甲基酯
向普罗布考(5.17g,10mmol)在乙腈(30mL)的悬浮液中加入氯甲基新戊酸酯(6.0g,40mmol)和氟化钾(8.0g,40%在氧化铝上)。在氮气中将所得混合物搅拌回流18小时。冷却至室温后,将其过滤并用二氯甲烷(100mL)洗涤。将滤液用盐水(100mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。硅胶色谱纯化(己烷/二氯甲烷4∶1),得到标题化合物,为黄色油状物(0.39g)。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.59(s,2H),7.45(s,2H),5.49(s,2H),5.38(s,1H),1.464(s,6H),1.457(s,18H),1.445(s,18H),1.28(s,9H)。
实施例294-〔〔1-〔〔4-(4-氨基丁氧基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-苯酚反应叙述:
将4,4′-(异亚丙基二硫代)〔苯酚〕〔2,6-二叔丁基苯酚〕(0.18mmol;75mg)在2mL无水DMF的溶液搅拌并用0.23mmol(9mg)的氢化钠(60%矿物油悬浮液)处理,得到黄色混合物。加入N-(4-溴丁基)苯邻二甲酰亚胺(0.22mmol;63mg)。然后加入0.22mmol(33mg)的NaI。加热此混合物至120℃,变成暗绿色。24小时之后,TLC(SiO2;CH2Cl2为展开剂;用UV,PMA/char显色)表明仅有痕量起始原料存在。冷却反应混合物至室温然后用各3mL的Et2O和饱和NaCl终止反应。用3mL Et2O反萃取水层;将合并的有机层用MgSO4干,过滤,并旋转蒸发浓缩,得到深棕色油状物。用柱层析色谱(SiO2;20×170mm柱,CH2Cl2作为洗脱液)进行纯化,以69%收率(69mg)得到期望的中间体。溶解该中间体(0.11mmol;69mg)在1mL DMF中并搅拌。加入水合肼(0.16mmol;8μL),导致颜色从黄色变至深蓝-绿色。在室温下将该反应混合物搅拌1周,其间它变成澄清黄色。TLC表明有起始物质存在。加入另外的水合肼(10.3mmol;0.5mL),将此混合物继续再搅拌24小时,之后起始物质完全耗尽。用12N HCl终止反应并调节pH至3。搅拌5分钟后,加入饱和NaHCO3以中和酸(最终的pH=7)。加入EtOAc,并用2×2mLEtOAc反萃取水层。将合并的有机层用MgSO4干燥,过滤并旋转蒸发浓缩。用柱色谱(SiO2;15×110mm柱,EtOH为洗脱剂)将粗产品纯化,得到4,4′-(异亚丙基二硫代)〔O-(氨基丁基)苯酚〕〔2,6-二叔丁基苯酚〕(25mg;48%收率),为黄色固体。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ 7.50(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.42(s,2H),6.83(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),5.36(br s,1H),3.97(br m,2H),3.10(br m,2H),2.01-1.86(重叠 m,4H),1.43(s,24H)。
实施例304-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕苯氧基〕-丁酸反应叙述:
将4,4′-(异亚丙基二硫代)〔苯酚〕〔2,6-二叔丁基苯酚〕(0.6mmol;242mg)在6mL无水DMF中的溶液搅拌并用1.3mmol(53mg)氢化钠(矿物油中60%悬浮液)处理,得棕色溶液。用0.9mmol(131μL)的4-碘代丁酸甲酯处理该反应混合物。反应进程用TLC监测,以CH2Cl2为展开剂(用UV,PMA/char显色)。24小时之后,深绿色混合物的TLC表明有主产品,用饱和NaCl和Et2O骤停该混合物。用2×6mL Et2O反萃取水层;将合并的有机层用MgSO4干燥,过滤,并旋转蒸发浓缩,得到粗品油。用CH2Cl2进行柱色谱(SiO2;20×185mm柱),得到232mg(77%收率)的期望中间体,将其溶解于3mL 4∶1∶1 MeOH-THF-H2O中并搅拌。将该淡黄色溶液用0.92mmol(39mg)的LiOH单水化物处理,得到绿黄色溶液。于室温搅拌该混合物直至所有起始物被耗尽(约18小时),然后用12NHCl处理以调节pH至2(黄色混合物)。加入Et2O(5mL);用2×5mL的Et2O反萃取水层。将合并的有机层用MgSO4干燥,过滤然后旋转蒸发浓缩,得到粗品固体。用柱色谱层析(SiO2;15×180mm柱,3∶1己烷-EtOH为洗脱液)进行纯化,得到4,4′-(异亚丙基二硫代)〔O-(γ-丁酸)苯酚〕〔2,6-二叔丁基苯酚〕为油状物(62mg;40%收率)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ 7.47(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.40(s,2H),6.80(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),5.35(s,1H),3.93(br m,2H),2.51(br m,2H),2.07(br m,2H),1.42(s,18H),1.25(s,6H)。
实施例31乙酸,〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-反应叙述:
向二甲基甲酰胺(1.5mL)中加入普罗布考(0.5g,0.967mmol)和乙基-2-碘代乙酸酯(0.31g,1.45mmol)和40%在氧化铝上的氟化钾(0.7g)并将反应搅拌24小时。用乙醚(25mL)稀释该反应混合物,过滤并水(2×5mL)洗。将乙醚层用mgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。通过径向硅胶色谱,用5∶95乙醚/己烷洗脱,将所得油状物纯化,得160mg的产品乙酯。将该乙基酯溶解于THF∶H2O∶MeOH(4∶1∶1)(4mL)中并加入LiOH-H2O(50mg)并搅拌反应1小时。用1N HCl中和反应并用乙醚(2×10mL)萃取,MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。行硅胶色谱并用50∶50乙醚/己烷洗脱,给出90mg的产品。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ 7.55(s,2H),7.40(s,2H),5.35(s,1H),4.40(s,2H),1.43(s,6H),1.41(s,9H),1.39(s,9H)。
实施例32甘氨酸,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基酯反应叙述:
向普罗布考(3.0g,5.8mmol)在THF(58mL)的溶液中加入60%氢化钠(1.16g,29.0mmol)并将反应在室温搅拌0.5小时。加入邻苯二甲酰甘氨酸的酰氯并将反应再搅拌0.5小时,然后用乙酸乙酯(150mL)稀释反应,用水(5mL)终止反应,然后用水(2×50mL)和盐水(1×50mL)洗涤。将有机层用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。用10%乙酸乙酯/己烷,再用20%乙酸乙酯/己烷洗脱,将所得油状物在硅胶上色谱纯化,得到610mg的邻苯二甲酰甘氨酸酯。将该邻苯二甲酰甘氨酸酯溶解在DMF(8.6mL)中并加入水合肼(0.136mL,2.34mmol)并将反应搅拌过夜。加入1N HCl(15mL)并将反应再搅拌1小时,用乙酸乙酯(25mL)稀释反应并用NaHCO3(水液)(1×10mL)洗涤。将乙酸乙酯层用MgSO4干燥,过滤,浓缩并在硅胶上色谱纯化,用1%甲醇/二氯甲烷,再用1.5%甲醇/二氯甲烷洗脱,得到334mg的产品。7.64(s,2H),7.45(s,2H),5.39(br s,1H),3.76(s,2H),1.48(s,6H),1.44(s,18H),1.33(s,18H)。
实施例33戊二酸,单〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕酯反应叙述:
向500mL回收烧瓶中加入普罗布考(1.0g,1.93mmol)和四氢呋喃(20mL)。向该溶液加入60%矿物油中的氢化钠(0.16g,4mmol)。向该混浊的白色混合物中加入戊二酸酐(0.170g,3mmol)的THF(12mL)溶液。室温搅拌反应3小时。用IN HCl(25mL)酸化反应混合物并用乙酸乙酯(50mL)萃取两次。将有机萃取液用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩,得到黄色油状物。将该黄色油状物溶解于乙醚中并用浓缩梯度70∶30己烷/乙醚至0∶100己烷/乙醚洗脱,在硅胶上色谱纯化。合并合适的洗脱液部分并浓缩,得到白色固体。7.62(s,2H),7.45(s,2H),5.37(s,1H),2.75(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.55(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.09(m,2H),1.47(s,6H),1.44(s,18H),1.43(H)。
实施例34丁酸,4-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-反应叙述:
将普罗布考(5g,9.7mmol)与4-碘代丁酸甲酯(3.1g,13.6mmol)一起在DMF(15mL)中搅拌。向该反应混合物中加入40%氧化铝上的氟化钾(7g,48mmo)并于室温下连续搅拌过夜。将该绿色反应混合物过滤进分液漏斗中,用乙酸乙酯(50mL)稀释并用水(2×20mL)和饱和氯化钠(1×20mL)水溶液洗涤。将乙酸乙酯层用MgSO4干燥,过滤,浓缩并用浓度梯度从10∶90二氯甲烷/己烷至60∶40二氯甲烷己烷洗脱,在硅胶上进行色谱。收集适当的洗脱液部分,并浓缩得到442mg白色固体。将该甲基酯溶解于THF∶MeOH∶H2O(4∶1∶1)(5mL)中,并加入氢氧化锂(63mg,1.5mmol)中。2.5小时后反应完成并用1N HCl(3mL)终止反应,并用乙酸乙酯(15mL)萃取。将乙酸乙酯溶液用饱和氯化钠水溶液(3mL)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。用溶剂梯度为10∶90乙醚/己烷至50∶50乙醚/己烷洗脱,在硅胶上进行色谱,得出308mg的产品。7.53(s,2H),7.45(s,2H),5.37(s,1H),3.77(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),2.55(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),2.16(m,2H),1.44(s,24H),1.41(s,18H)。
实施例35环氧乙烷甲醇,α-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕甲基〕-;环氧乙烷甲醇,3-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕甲基〕-;环氧乙烷甲醇,α-〔〔〔3-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕甲基〕环氧乙烷基〕甲氧基〕甲基〕-
向普罗布考(5.16g,10mmol)在乙腈(50mL)的溶液中加入1,3-丁二烯二环氧化物(1.6mL,20mmol)和氟化钾(2.9g,20mmol,40%于氧化铝上)。在氮气中将所得混合物搅拌回流18小时。冷却至室温下,将其倾入二氯甲烷中(150mL)中,用水(2×100mL)洗涤,用镁干燥并蒸发。硅胶色谱(己烷/二氯甲烷2∶1,1∶1,1∶2然后二氯甲烷),得到环氧乙烷甲醇,α-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕甲基〕-(0.47g),环氧乙烷甲醇,3-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕甲基〕-(0.15g)和环氧乙烷甲醇,α-〔〔〔3-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕甲基〕环氧乙烷基〕甲氧基〕甲基〕-(0.05g)。环氧乙烷甲醇,α-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕甲基〕-:1H-NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3):7.56(s,2H),7.45(s,2H),5.38(s,1H),4.10-4.17(m,1H),3.83-3.97(m,2H),3.27-3.32(m,1H),2.83-2.94(m,2H),2.18(br s,1H),1.46(s,6H),1.45(s,18H),1.44(s,18H)。环氧乙烷甲醇,3-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕甲基〕-:1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.56(s,2H),7.45(s,2H),5.39(s,1H),4.38(m,2H),4.00(m,2H),3.89(m,2H),1.34-1.41(m,42H)。环氧乙烷甲醇,α-〔〔〔3-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕甲基〕环氧乙烷基〕甲氧基〕甲基〕-:1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.54(s,2H),7.45(s,2H),5.39(s,1H),4.24(br.m,1H),3.93(m,1H),3.81(m,1H),3.77(br.m,1H),3.16(m,1H),3.06(m,1H),2.91(m,1H),2.85(m,2H),2.84(m,1H),2.75(m,2H),1.41-1.44(m,42H)。
实施例36苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-(环氧乙烷基甲氧基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-
向冷却至0℃的普罗布考(2.58g,5mmol)在THF(50mL)的溶液中加入缩水甘油(0.66mL,10mmol),三苯基膦(2.62g,10mmol),和偶氮二羧酸二乙酯(1.57mL,10mmol)。在氮气下将所得的混合物搅拌回流48小时,然后蒸发。硅胶色谱纯化(己烷/二氯甲烷4∶1,2∶1),得到标题化合物,为粘稠残余物(1.01g)。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.56(s,2H),7.44(s,2H),5.39(s,1H),4.40(m,1H),3.75(m,1H),3.39(m,1H),2.91(m,1H),2.77(m,1H),1.40-1.49(m,42H)。
实施例37甘氨酸,N-〔3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-2-羟基丙基〕-
苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-(环氧乙烷基甲氧基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-(0.17g,0.28mmol)在乙醇(10mL)的悬浮液中,加入甘氨酸(43mg,0.57mmol)和三乙胺(1mL)。于氮气下将所得混合物搅拌回流过夜。加热中混合物变成溶液。然后将其蒸发。硅胶色谱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇10∶1至1∶1),得到标题化合物(99mg)。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.52(s,2H),7.43(s,2H),5.37(s,1H),4.58(br.s,1H),3.79(br.m,2H),3.67(m,1H),3.30(m,1H),3.21(m,1H),3.13(m,1H),1.43(s,18H),1.41(s,6H),1.38(s,18H)。
实施例381,2,3-丁三醇,4-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-2-羟基丙基〕-
向环氧乙烷甲醇,α-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕甲基〕-(0.15g)在乙腈(5mL)的溶液中加入水(1mL)和浓硫酸(10滴)。室温下将所得混合物搅拌48小时然后倾入盐水(50mL)中,用二氯甲烷(3×50mL)萃取,用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。硅胶色谱纯化(二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯3∶1),得到标题化合物,为无色粘稠残留物(26mg)。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.54(s,2H),7.43(s,2H),5.36(s,1H),4.27(m,2H),3.98(m,2H),3.75(m,2H),1.36-1.44(m,42H)。
实施例39苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-(3-乙氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-;1,2-丙二醇,3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-
向环氧乙烷甲醇,α-〔〔〔3-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕甲基〕环氧乙烷基〕甲氧基〕甲基〕-(0.32g)在乙醇(10mL)的悬浮液中,加入1N氢氧化钠溶液(1.5mL)。将所得混合物搅拌回流三天,然后蒸发。在乙酸乙酯(50mL)和盐水(50mL)中分配该剩余物。将有机相用盐水(50mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,并蒸发。硅胶色谱纯化(己烷/二氯甲烷1∶1,二氯甲烷然后二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯4∶1),得到1,2-丙二醇,3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-(58mg)和混合物,它含有苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-(3-乙氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-,将其再行柱层析纯化(己烷/乙酸乙酯(5∶1),和苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-(3-乙氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-,以纯品形成得到(52mg)。苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-(3-乙氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-:1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.55(s,2H),7.45(s,2H),5.38(s,1H),4.35(m,1H),4.11(m,1H),3.83(m,2H),3.62(m,1H),3.57(m,2H),1.43-1.46(m,42H),1.22(t,3H)。1,2-丙二醇,3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-:1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.56(s,2H),7.45(s,2H),5.38(s,1H),4.32(m,1H),3.94(dd,1H),3.85(m,1H),3.77(m,1H),3.66(m,1H),1.40-1.44(m,42H)。
实施例40苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-乙氧基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-2-丙烯酸,3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-,乙基酯,(E)-2-丙烯酸,3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-乙氧基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-,乙基酯,(E)-
向普罗布考(5.16g,10mmol)在THF(50mL)的溶液中加入丙酸乙酯(1.2mL,12mmol)和三乙胺(7mL,50mmol)。于氮气下将所得混合物搅拌回流过周末。冷却至室温后将其倾入盐水(100mL)中,用二氯甲烷(3×100mL)萃取,用磷酸镁干燥并蒸发。硅胶色谱(己烷/二氯甲烷9∶1至纯二氯甲烷),得到苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-乙氧基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-;(0.51g),2-丙烯酸,3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-,乙基酯,(E)-;(0.37g)和2-丙烯酸,3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-乙氧基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-,乙基酯,(E)-(0.54g)。苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-乙氧基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-:1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.52(s,2H),7.45(s,2H),5.37(s,1H),3.76(quad.,2H),1.39-1.45(m,45H)。2-丙烯酸,3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-,乙基酯,(E)-:1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.62(s,2H),7.44(s,2H),6.40(d,1H),5.38(s,1H),5.02(d,1H),4.23(quad.,2H),1.47(s,6H),1.44(s,18H),1.42(s,18H),1.30(t,3H)。2-丙烯酸,3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-乙氧基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-,乙基酯,(E)-:1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.62(s,2H),7.51(s,2H),6.40(d,1H),5.03(d,1H),4.23(quad.,2H),3.76(quad.,2H),1.25-1.48(m,48H)。
实施例41丁二酸,单〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-甲氧基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕酯反应叙述:
溶解实施例22的化合物(1.13g,1.83mmol)在DMF(3.6mL)中并加入60%氢化钠(183mg,4.6mmol),0.25小时后加入碘甲烷(0.342mL,5.5mmol)。将反应搅拌过夜。用水(2mL)终止反应,用乙醚(50mL)稀释。将乙醚层用水(2×10mL)和饱和氯化钠水溶液(1×10mL)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。用浓度梯度从0∶100乙醚/己烷至40∶60乙醚/己烷洗脱,在硅胶上进行柱色谱层析,得到556mg的二甲基化的产品。将产品溶解于THF∶MeOH∶H2O(4∶1∶1)(5mL)中并加入氢氧化锂(63mg,1.5mmo0l)。2.5小时后反应完全,用1N HCl(3mL)终止反应并用乙酸乙酯(15mL)萃取。将乙酸乙酯溶液用饱和氯化钠水溶液(3mL)洗涤,MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。用溶剂梯度为10∶90乙醚/己烷至50∶50乙醚/己烷洗脱,在硅胶上进行色谱纯化,得到400mg的产品。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ7.62(s,2H),7.45(s,2H),5.37(s,1H),3.71(s,3H),2.75(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.55(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.09(m,2H),1.46(s,6H),1.44(s,18H),1.42(s,18H)。
实施例42苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔4-〔2-〔4-(二甲基氨基)苯基〕乙氧基〕-3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-反应叙述:
溶解普罗布考(1.16mmol;600mg)于THF(11.6mL)中并用三苯基膦(2.3mmol;608mg)偶氮二羧酸二乙基酯(2.3mmol;0.37mL)和4-(二甲氨基)苯乙基醇(2.3mmol;383mg)处理。将此棕色混合物回流搅拌41.5小时。旋转蒸发除去溶剂,得到棕色油状物。用色谱纯化,得到4,4′-(二异亚丙基二硫代)〔O-(4″-(二甲氨基)苯乙基)-2′,6′-二叔丁基苯酚〕〔2,6-二叔丁基苯酚〕为油状物(256mg,33%收率)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ 7.52(s,2H),7.45(s,2H),7.12(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),6.74(br d,J=8.0Hz 2H),5.38(s,1H),3.84(app t,J=8.0,8.8Hz,2H),3.09(app tJ=7.6,8.8Hz,2H),2.93(s,6H),1.45-1.44(重叠 s,42H)。
实施例43苯胺,4,4′-〔(1-甲基亚乙基)双〔硫代〔2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4,1-苯亚乙基〕氧-2,1-亚乙基(ethanediyl)〕〕双〔N,N-二甲基-反应叙述:
溶解普罗布考(1.16mmol;600mg)在THF(11.6mL)中并用三苯基膦(2.3mmol;608mg)偶氮二羧酸二乙基酯(2.3mmol;0.37mL)和4-(二甲氨基)苯乙基醇(2.3mmol;383mg)处理。将该棕色混合物搅拌回流41.5小时。旋转蒸发除去溶剂,得到棕色油状物。色谱纯化,得到4,4′-(异亚丙基二硫代)双〔(4″-(二甲氨基)苯乙基)-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚〕为浅粉色固体(155mg;16%收率)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ7.50(s,4H),7.12(d,J=8.8Hz 4H)6.74(br d,J=8.0Hz,4H),3.84(app t,J=7.6,8.8Hz 4H),3.09(app t,J=8.0,8.8Hz,4H),2.93(s,12H),1.43-1.42(重叠s,42H)。
实施例44L-精氨酸,单〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基丁二酸酯〕反应叙述:
向实施例22化合物(1.67g,2.7mmol)在甲醇(30mL)的溶液中加入L-精氨酸(0.47g,2.7mmol)。于室温将所得混合物搅拌2小时,然后过滤。蒸发滤液并将剩余物溶解于最少量的乙醚中。加入己烷以沉淀出标题化合物。过滤并真空下干燥,得到近白色固体(1.75g)。MP:185-190℃。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.60(s,2H),7.42(s,2H),5.37(s,1H),3.64(br.s,1H),3.11(br.s,2H),2.96(br.s,2H),2.58(br.s,2H),1.41-1.44(m,26H),1.23-1.31(m,20H)。
实施例452-丙烯酸,3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-,(E)-,
向2-丙烯酸,3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-,乙基酯,(E)-(0.16g,0.26mmol)在THF(5mL)的溶液中,加入水(2mL)和氢氧化锂-水合物(42mg,1mmol)。将所得混合物搅拌回流过夜。冷却至室温后,将其倾入二氯甲烷(50mL)中,用盐水洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。硅胶色谱层析(己烷/乙酸乙酯4∶1),得到标题化合物,为粘稠剩余物(22mg)。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.63(s,2H),7.44(s,2H),6.52(d,1H),5.39(s,1H),5.08(d,1H),1.47(s,6H),1.44(s,18H),1.42(s,18H)。
实施例46α-D-吡喃半乳糖,6-O-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕-1,2:3,4-双-O-(1-甲基亚乙基)
向普罗布考(2.58g;5mmol)和1,2,3,4-二-O-异亚丙基-D-吡喃半乳糖(1.8ml,10mmol)在THF(100mL)的溶液中加入三苯膦(2.62g,10mmol)和偶氮二羧酸二乙酯(1.57mL,10mmol)。将所得混合物在氮气下搅拌回流72小时。将其蒸发。硅胶色谱层析(环己烷/乙酸乙酯30∶1)得到标题化合物(0.16g)。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.53(s,2H),7.45(s,2H),5.60(s,1H),4.65(m,2H),4.35(m,4H),1.59(s,6H),1.44(s,18H),1.43(s,18H),1.37(s,6H),1.33(s,6H)。
实施例47苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔4-〔3-(二甲氨基)丙氧基〕-3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-反应叙述:
将普罗布考(0.5g,0.97mmol)溶解于THF,冷却至0℃,并加入3-羟基丙基二乙基胺(0.287mL,1.94mmol)然后加入三苯基膦(0.508g,1.94mmol)和偶氮二羧酸二乙酯(0.31mL,1.94mmol)。将反应加热至回流并持续回流30小时。浓缩反应混合物并通过硅胶色谱进行纯化,用20∶80甲醇/乙醚洗脱,得到产品。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ7.52(s,2H),7.27(s,2H),3.74(t,J=1.6Hz,2H),2.56(q,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.03(pent,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.44(q,J=3.2Hz,4H),1.42(s,24H),1.25(t,J=3.3Hz,6H)。
实施例48甘氨酸,N-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,3-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-乙酰基〕-反应叙述:
向乙酸,〔4-〔〔1-3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基苯氧基〕-(50mg,0.087mmol)在二氯甲烷(0.87mL)中加入甘氨酸乙基酯盐酸盐(15.8mg,0.11mmol),1-(3-二甲氨基丙基-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐(22mg,0.11mmol)和二甲氨基吡啶(28mg,0.23mmol)。将反应混合物搅拌过夜并蒸发二氯甲烷。用乙醚(10mL)稀释反应并用水(2×3mL)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。通过硅胶色谱纯化粗品化合物,用50∶50乙醚/己烷洗脱,得到50mg的产品乙基酯。溶解该乙基酯在THF∶H2O∶MeOH(2∶1∶1)(1mL)和加入LiOH-H2O(15mg)并将反应搅拌1小时。用1N HCl中和反应并用乙醚(2×10mL)萃取,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩,得25mg的产品。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ 7.56(s,2H),7.42(s,2H),5.39(br s,1H),4.31(s,2H),4.22(d,J=5.2Hz,2H),1.44(s,6H),1.42(s,9H),1.39(s,9H)。
实施例49谷氨酸,N-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕乙酰基〕-反应叙述:
向乙酸,〔4-〔〔1-3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基苯氧基)-(100mg,0.174mmol)在二氯甲烷(1.8mL)中加入谷氨酸二乙酯盐酸盐(54mg,0.22mmol),1-(3-二甲基氨基丙基-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐(44mg,0.22mmol)和二甲氨基吡啶(55mg,0.45mmol)。将反应混合物搅拌过夜并蒸发二氯甲烷。用乙醚(10mL)稀释反应,并用水(2×3mL)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。通过硅胶色谱纯化粗品混合物,用50∶50乙醚/己烷洗脱,得到130mg的期望产物的二乙基酯。溶解该二乙酯于THF∶H2O∶MeOH(2∶1∶1)(3mL)中,加入LiOH-H2O(100mg)并搅拌反应1小时。用1N HCl中和反应并用乙醚(2×10mL)萃取,MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩,得到45mg的产品。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ7.57(s,2H),7.42(s,2H),5.37(s,1H),4.83(m,1H),4.28(s,2H),2.56(m,2H),1.44(s,6H),1.43(s,9H),1.41(s,9H)。
实施例50L-谷氨酸,N-〔3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-2-羟基丙基〕-二-,二乙基酯反应叙述:
向苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-(环氧乙烷基甲氧基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-(0.12mg,0.20mmol)和L-谷氨酸二乙酯盐酸盐(0.24g,1mmol)在乙醇(15mL)的悬浮液中加入三乙胺(2mL)。于氮气下将所得到混合物搅拌回流18小时。将其蒸发。硅胶色谱(二氯甲烷/甲醇5∶1),得到黄色油状物,将其再进行柱色谱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇10∶1),得到标题化合物,为白色粘稠剩余物(16mg)。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.53(s,2H),7.42(s,2H),5.36(s,1H),4.90(m,1H),3.85(m,2H),3.55-3.75(m,7H),2.01(m,2H),1.39-1.42(m,48H),1.23(m,2H)。
实施例512-丙烯酸,4-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕丁基酯
向普罗布考(2.58g;5mmol)在THF(50mL)的溶液中加入4-羟基丁基丙烯酸酯(1.0ml,10mmol),三苯基膦(2.62g,10mmol)和偶氮二羧酸二乙酯(1.57ml,10mmol)。于氮气下将所得混合物搅拌回流过周末。将其蒸发。硅胶色谱纯化(己烷/二氯甲烷4∶1)得到标题化合物,为棕色油(0.92g)。1H-NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3):7.54(s,2H),7.46(s,2H),6.42(dd,1H),6.14(dd,1H),5.84(dd,1H),5.38(s,1H),4.23(t,2H),3.75(t,2H),1.97(m,2H),1.82(m,2H),1.46(s,6H),1.45(s,18H),1.42(s,18H)。
实施例52苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-(4-羟基丁氧基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-
向2-丙烯酸,4-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕丁基酯(0.82g)在甲醇(20ml)的悬浮液中加入碳酸钾(0.5g)。室温中,在氮气下将反应混合物搅拌过夜。将其倾入水(50ml)中,用二氯甲烷萃取(2×50ml),用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。硅胶色谱(己烷/乙酸乙酯4∶1)得到标题化合物,为无色油(0.52g)。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.54(s,2H),7.46(s,2H),3.71-3.77(m,4H),1.96(m,2H),1.72(m,2H),1.46(s,6H),1.45(s,18H),1.43(s,18H)。
实施例53β-D-吡喃葡萄糖,6-O-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕-
向普罗布考(1.8g,3.5mmol)在THF(20ml)的溶液中加入1,2,3,4-四-O-乙酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1.0g,2.9mmol),三苯基膦(0.92g,3.5mmol)和偶氮二羧酸二乙酯(0.55ml,3.5mmol)。于氮气下将所得混合物搅拌回流二小时。将其蒸发。硅胶色谱(己烷/乙酸乙酯4∶1)得到标题化合物,为近白色固体(0.92g)。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.53(s,2H),7.45(s,2H),5.80(d,1H),5.38(s,1H),5.33(dd,1H),5.16(dd,1H),4.90(dd,1H),4.19(m,1H),3.88(m,1H),3.74(m,1H),2.14(s,3H),2.06(s,3H),2.03(s,3H),2.02(s,3H),1.45(s,18+6H),1.38(s,18H)。
实施例541-H-四氮唑-1-丁酸,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基酯
向丁酸,4-羟基,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基酯(60mg,0.1mmol)在THF(10mL)的溶液中加入1H-四氢唑(4mg,0.2mmol),三苯基膦(52mg,0.2mmol)和偶氮二羧酸二乙酯(0.03ml,0.2mmol)于氮气下将所得混合物搅拌2小时。将其蒸发。硅胶色谱(己烷/乙酸乙酯4∶1)得到标题化合物,为油状物(57mg)。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):8.56(s,1H),7.64(s,2H),7.45(s,2H),5.39(s,1H),4.84(t,2H),2.74(t,2H),2.47(m,2H),1.47(s,6H),1.45(s,18H),1.33(s,18H)。
实施例55苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-〔〔3-羟基-1-丙烯基)氧〕苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-
向2-丙烯酸,3-〔4-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕,乙基酯,(E)-(65mg,0.1mmol)在THF(15mL)的溶液中,加入氢化铝锂(1ml,1M的THF溶液)。于氮气下,室温中将所得混合物搅拌过夜。加入饱和氯化铵溶液(20ml)并将混合物搅拌0.5小时。用二氯甲烷(3×50mL)萃取并用硫酸镁干燥有机相并蒸发。硅胶色谱(己烷/乙酸乙酯4∶1)得到标题化合物,为油状物(46mg)。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.61(s,2H),7.45(s,2H),5.99(d,1H),5.39(s,1H),4.84(m,1H),4.46(m,2H),1.47(s,6H),1.45(s,18H),1.42。
实施例56L-赖氨酸,N6-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕乙酰基〕-反应叙述:
向乙酸,〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-(150mg,0.26mmol)在二氯甲烷(1.8mL)中,加入赖氨酸甲酯盐酸盐(79mg,0.34mmol),1-(3-二甲氨基吡啶-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐(130mg,0.67mmol)和二甲氨基吡啶(82mg,0.67mmol)。将反应混合物搅拌过夜并蒸发二氯甲烷。用乙醚(10mL)稀释反应并用水(2×3mL)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。用50∶50乙醚/己烷,然后用70∶30乙醚/己烷洗脱,用硅胶色谱将粗品混合物纯化,得到128mg的产品的甲基酯。溶解该甲基酯于THF∶H2O∶MeOH(2∶1∶1)(3mL)中并加入LiOH-H2O(50mg)并搅拌反应1小时。将反应浓缩并在硅胶上纯化,用20∶80甲醇/己烷洗脱,得出67mg的产品。7.58(s,2H),7.44(s,2H),6.86(m,1H),5.39(s,1H),4.75(m,1H),4.29(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),3.44(m,2H),2.10(m,2H),1.95(m,2H),1.82(m,2H),1.46(s,6H),1.44(s,9H),1.42(s,9H)。
实施例57D-吡喃葡萄糖,6-O-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕-
向β-D-吡喃葡萄糖,6-O-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕-(0.68g)在甲醇(50ml)的悬浮液中,加入碳酸钾(1g)并于氮气下,室温中将该混合物搅拌过夜。将其倾入水(200mL)中,用乙酸乙酯(3×150ml)萃取,用盐水(100ml)洗涤,用镁干燥并蒸发。硅胶色谱纯化(二氯甲烷/甲醇10∶1至5∶1)给出标题化合物,为近白色固体(0.26g)。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.52(s,2H),7.44(s,2H),5.36(s,1H),5.31(s)和4.78(br.s,1H),3.30-4.38(br.m,6H),1.38-1.43(m,42H)。
实施例58D-Glucitol,6-O-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕-
向D-吡喃葡萄糖,6-O-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕-(70mg)在THF(5ml)的溶液中加入硼氢化钠并于室温氮气下将此混合物搅拌2小时。然后加入饱和氨化铵(2ml)并将混合物再搅拌一小时。将其倾入水(50ml)中并用二氯甲烷(3×50mL)萃取。用镁干燥有机相并蒸发。硅胶色谱(二氯甲烷/甲醇100∶12)给出标题化合物,为白色固体(19mg)。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.54(s,2H),7.44(s,2H),5.36(s,1H),4.35(m,1H),3.30-4.10(m,7H),1.40-1.44(m,42H)。
实施例59丁酸,4-〔〔羟基(2-羟基苯氧基)氧膦基〕氧〕-4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基酯
向丁酸,4-羟基,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基酯(60mg,0.11mmol)在吡啶(1mL)的溶液中,加入1,2-亚苯基偶磷氯化物(21mg,0.11mmol)并于室温中氮气下将该混合物搅拌1小时。将其蒸发并溶解剩余物在二氯甲烷(10ml)中。加入水(1ml)和乙酸(0.5ml)并将此混合物搅拌0.5小时。将其倾入水(50ml)中并用二氯甲烷(2×50ml)萃取。用镁干燥有机相并蒸发。硅胶色谱(二氯甲烷/甲醇5∶1)纯化,给出标题化合物,为白色固体(21mg)。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.58(s,2H),7.44(s,2H),7.15(br.s,1H),6.87(br.s,2H),6.71(br.s,1H),5.37(s,1H),3.97(br.s,2H),2.48(br.s,2H),1.83(br.s,2H),1.45(s,6H),1.43(s,18H),1.24(s,18H)。
实施例60丁酸,4-羟基-3,3-二甲基-,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基酯反应叙述:
向一烧瓶中加入普罗布考(2.3g,4.4mmol)和四氢呋喃(23mL)。向该溶液中加入矿物油中的60%氢化钠(0.23g,5.75mmol)。向此混浊白色混合物中加入2,2-二甲基琥珀酸酐(1g,7.6mmol)。将反应在室温中搅拌3小时。用1N HCl(25mL)酸化该深紫色反应混合物并用乙酸乙酯(50mL)萃取二次。将有机提取物用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。溶解该粗产品混合物在乙醚中并用浓度梯度从70∶30己烷/乙醚至0∶100己烷/乙醚洗脱,在硅胶上进行色谱纯化。合并合适的洗脱液部分并浓缩,得到700mg的白色固体。溶解该白色固体(214mg,0.322mmol)在THF(6mL)中并加入硼烷-二甲基硫醚(在THF中2M,0.665mL,0.664mmol)并搅拌反应6小时。用浓HCl(0.100mL)终止反应并将反应搅拌过夜。用乙醚(25mL)稀释反应,用水(1×5mL),NaHCO3(1×5mL)和盐水(1×5mL)洗涤。将乙醚层用MgSO4,过滤并浓缩。行径向色谱纯化,用浓度梯度从100∶0己烷/乙醚至50∶50己烷/乙醚洗脱,得到85mg的产品。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ 7.64(s,2H),7.46(s,2H),5.39(s,1H),3.48(d,J=6.8Hz,2H),2.73(s,2H),1.47(s,6H),1.45(s,9H),1.35(s,9H),1.11(s,6H)。
实施例61丁酸,4-(亚硫基(sulfoxy))-,1-〔4-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕酯反应:
溶解丁酸,4-羟基,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基酯(12.5g,20.75mmol)在DMF(150ml)中,并加入三氧化硫三甲胺复合物(12.5g,87.5mmol)。于室温下将此混合物搅拌过夜。将其蒸发并溶解剩余物在二氯甲烷(100ml)中,用水(2×50ml)洗涤。用二氯甲烷(75ml)萃取水相。将合并的有机相用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。硅胶色谱(二氯甲烷/甲醇10∶1,5∶1)纯化,得到剩余物,用于下步反应。
溶解上述产品在THF(2000ml)中。加入NaOH(0.8g,20mmol)在水(5ml)中。于室温下将此混合物搅拌2小时然后蒸发。向剩余物中加入1N NaOH溶液(200ml)并搅拌0.5小时。将其过滤并收集黄色固体,将其干燥至恒重(9.23g)。
本发明还包括向需要的患者中使用式(I)和式(II)的化合物,用于抑制LDL脂质的过氧化和抑制动脉粥样硬化的发展。
如在本文所用,术语“患者”指温血动物或哺乳动物,尤其是指需要本文所述治疗的人。
下述实施例说明了依据本发明使用式(I)化合物。这些实施例仅用于说明而绝不是意在限制本发明的范围。
实施例62
脂质的筛选及IC50的测定方法HEPG 2的制备
HEPG 2细胞起始于10ml的MEM,10%FBS,1mM的丙酮酸钠。将细胞孵育于组织培养孵育器中。将细胞分装于4×96小孔板上的MEM,10%FBS,1mM丙酮酸钠中并使生长到约50%融合而后移去。第一天的处理:
将细胞用所需浓度的化合物在100μl DMEM,1%RSA中处理24小时。化合物溶于DMSO中。测定IC50,浓度范围为10μM-40μM,而每一浓度重复做三次。
在同一天,将4×96-小孔NuncImmunoSorb板包被上100μl的小鼠抗-人ApoB单克隆1D1(1∶1000稀释在1 XPBS,pH 7.4)。包被后过夜。第2天ApoB ELISA(酶联免疫吸附测定):
将包被了的板用1XPBS,pH 7.4,-0.05%吐温20洗涤三次。将100μl标淮物加入至选好的小孔中。ApoB标准物是以6.25,3.12,1.56,0.78,0.39ng制备的,并且每个浓度重复做三次。样品:
按样品,将90μl的1XPBS,pH 7.4,-0.05%吐温20加入到各小孔中。将10μl的介质从处理的HEPG 2板转移至ApoB ELISA板中。将板于室温下孵育2小时,并缓缓振摇。
将包被的板用1XPBS,pH 7.4,-0.05%吐温20洗涤3X。从Boehringer Mannheim(以1∶2000稀释于1XPBS,pH 7.4,-0.05%吐温20中)加入100μl的绵羊抗-人ApoB多克隆。于室温孵育1小时,并缓缓振摇。用1XPBS,pH 7.4,-0.05%吐温20洗涤包被的板3X。加入100μl兔抗-绵羊IgG(以1∶2000稀释于1XPBS,pH 7.4,-0.05%吐温20中)。于室温下孵育1小时,缓缓振摇。用1XPBS,pH 7.4,-0.05%吐温20洗涤包被的板3X。加入100μl的底物(10ml蒸馏水,100μl的TMB (10mg/ml),和1μl的过氧化氢)。待产生颜色时用25μl的8N硫酸停止反应。用MicroPlate Reader@450 nM对小孔读数。对每个样品及其浓度将培养基中的ApoB作为对照的%作图。并从图上测定IC50。
实施例63
VCAM-1分析割裂细胞:
将2到4个融合的P150板用胰蛋白酶消化并将细胞转移到50ml的锥形离心管。将细胞制成小丸,重新悬浮,并用台盼兰排阻法计数。
将细胞按36,000细胞/mL的浓度重新悬浮,并按每孔分配1mL。
将细胞分装进24孔组织培养板中。每孔中的细胞应在第二天有约90-95%的融合。细胞不应老于细胞传代8。化合物的制备:水溶性化合物
化合物开始以50μM和10μM进行筛选。在培养介质中制备各化合物的50mM贮存溶液。将贮存溶液稀释至5mM和1mM。当将10μL的5mM溶液加入至小孔中(1mM介质/孔)。最终浓度为50μM。加入10μL的1mM溶液至小孔中将得到最终浓度10μM。水不溶性化合物
将在培养介质中但不进入溶液的化合物以25mM的浓度重新悬浮在DMSO。然后将贮存液在培养介质中稀释至最终浓度。抽吸出旧的介质并与化合物一道加入1mL的新介质。例如,如果最终浓度为50μM,则每毫升的培养介质加入2μl的25mM贮存液。对较低的浓度用50mM溶液稀释。加入化合物
将化合物加至板中(各化合物重复二次)。一个板用于VCAM表达而另一个用以ICAM表达。
在加入化合物后,立即于各孔中加入TNF。每个孔通常加入100单位/mL的TNF。由于各批TNF在单位数上不同,每个新的批号都需滴定以测定最佳浓度。因此该浓度将会变化。如果使用100单位/mL,则将TNF稀释至10单位/μL并于每孔中加入10μL。
将板于37℃,5%CO2中孵育过夜(约16小时)。于次日于显微镜下检查板是否存在任何可见到的毒性。记录下任何细胞的死亡,碎片,或形态学的改变,以及不溶性的化合物(颗粒或混浊)。
实施例64
ELISA分析
为了测定MCP-1,保存培养介质(500μL)并冷冻在-70℃。用约1ml/孔的Hanks平衡盐溶液(HBSS)或PBS洗涤细胞一次。缓缓倒出洗涤溶液而后于纸巾上轻拍板。加入250μL/孔的HBSS+5%FCCS于空白(无主要抗体的小孔)或250μL/孔的稀释在HBSS+5%FCS中的初级抗体。于37℃孵育30分钟。用5mL/孔HBSS或PBS洗涤小孔二次并在最后一次洗涤后于纸巾上轻拍板。于每个小孔中(包括空白孔,即无初级抗体的孔)加入250μL/孔的稀释在HBSS+5%FCC中的HRP-偶联的二级抗体。于37℃孵育30分钟。用5mL/孔的HBSS或PBS洗涤小孔四次并在最后一次洗涤后于纸巾上轻拍板。加入250μL/孔的底物溶液。于黑暗中在室温孵育直至呈现足够的颜色(蓝色)。注意孵育的持续时间(一般15~30分钟)。加入75μL/孔阻止剂溶液(8N硫酸),并于A450nm读数。抗体和溶液
1.在使用前立即制备底物溶液并含有:
水 10mL
30%过氧化氢 1μL
TMB(3,3′,5,5′-四 100μL
甲基联苯胺)
TMB贮存液:于10mg TMB中,加入1mL丙酮。于4℃
避光保存。
2.VCAM-1 Ab:贮存物。1μg/μL 最终浓度0.25μg/mL
混合25μL贮存物VCAM-1(Southern Biotechnology)
和10mL HBSS+5%FCS
3.ICAM-1 Ab:贮存物。1μg/μL 最终浓度0.25μg/mL
混合25μL贮存物ICAM-1(Southern Biotechnology)
和10mL HBSS+5% FCS
4.二级Ab:HRP-结合的山羊抗小鼠IgG稀释成1∶500
混合20μL贮存物(Southern Biotechnology)
和10mL HBSS+5% FCS
式(I)和(II)的化合物的抑制程度是用描述在实施例62-64的方法测定的。结果列于表1中。
表1
药物组合物
化合物 | VCAM-1,IC50或%抑制率在〔μM〕 | LD50 | ApoB/HEPG2IC50或%抑制率在〔μM〕 |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′(甲基)苯乙酸)苯酚 | 80 | 200 | 7%在15 |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-硝基苄基)苯酚 | 10 | 200 | 27 |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-硝基苯乙基)苯酚 | 15 | 0.4 | NE |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(丁酸)苯酚 | 75 | 200 | NE |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(3′,5′-二叔丁基,4′-羟基丁二酸酯)苯酚 | 6 | 50 | NE |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′(甲基)苯甲酸)苯酚 | NE | >100 | NE |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(2′-乙酰氧基,2′-甲基丙基)苯酚 | 50 | NE | |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(3′-硝基苄基)苯酚 | 13 | 200 | 20 |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(2′,4′-二硝基苄基)苯酚 | 8 | 400 | 32 |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-三氟甲基)苄基)苯酚 | 5 | 300 | 16 |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代((2′-呋喃羧酸)-5-甲基)苯酚 | 40 | 400 | NE |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-甲基-N,N-二甲基苯磺酰胺)苯酚 | 20 | 350 | 31 |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-亚硫酰基(4′-硝基苄基)苯酚 | 50 | <100 | NE |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-(磺酰基-(4′-硝基苄基)苯酚 | 40 | 100 | 25 |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-乙酰氧基苄基)苯酚 | 18 | 75 | 40 |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-甲基苄基)苯酚 | 75 | 22 | |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-氟苄基)苯酚 | 35 | 30 |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(3′-丙磺酸)苯酚 | 25%at 50 | ||
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(5′-甲基-2′-((二甲氨基)甲基)呋喃)苯酚 | 10 | 19 | |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(3′-(二甲氨基)丙基)苯酚 | 30%at 50 | 100 | |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代((1′-(乙酰氧基))戊基)苯酚 | 40%at 50 | 100 | 30 |
2,6-二叔丁基-1-甲氧基-4-硫代 (4′-三氟甲基)苄基)苯 | NE | <10 | |
2,6-二叔丁基-4-硫代(4′-(甲基)苯基乙基醇))苯酚 | 15 | 50 | 53%在15 |
苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)4-〔(4-硝基苯基)甲氧基〕苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)- | 30%at 50 | >100 | 17%在15 |
丁二酸,单〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕酯 | 5.6 | 23 | 65%在15 |
2-呋喃羧酸,5-硝基-,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基酯 | 25 | 400 | 17%在15 |
丁酸,4-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕2,6-二甲基苯氧基〕- | 19 | 75 | 41%在15 |
4-〔〔1-〔〔4-(4-氨基丁氧基)-3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-苯酚 | 8 | 25 | |
4-〔〔1-〔〔4-(4-氨基丁氧基)-3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-苯酚 | 9 | 25 |
丁酸,4-羟基,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基酯 | 6 | 250 | 81%在15 |
丙酸,2,2-二甲基,〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕甲基酯 | 25%at 25 | ||
4-〔〔1-〔〔4-(4-氨基丁氧基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-苯酚 | 5 | 12.5 |
丁酸,4-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕苯氧基〕- | 19 | >100 | 47%在15 |
乙酸,〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕- | 10 | 50 | NE |
丁酸,4-氨基-4-氧,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基酯 | 8 | 25 |
甘氨酸,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-二甲基苯基酯 | 10%at 20 | 35 | |
丁二酸,单〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕-2,6-二甲基苯基〕酯 | 8 | 20 | |
丁二酸,单〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基甲基酯 | 40%at 100 |
甘氨酸,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基酯 | 5 | 25 | 30%在5 |
戊二酸,(1-甲基亚乙基)双(硫代〔2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4,1-亚苯基)〕酯 | NE | 25 | |
戊二酸,单〔4-〔〔1- 〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕酯 | 8.7 | 25 | 70%在15 |
丁酸,4-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕- | 11 | 25 | 77%在15 |
丁二酸,(1-甲基亚乙基)双〔硫代〔2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4,1-苯亚乙基)〕酯 | NE | 25 | |
甘氨酸,(1-甲基亚乙基)双〔双〔硫代2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4,1-苯亚乙基〕〕酯,二盐酸盐 | NE |
环氧乙烷甲醇,α-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕甲基〕- | 45 | ||
环氧乙烷甲醇,3-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕甲基〕- | >100 | NE |
环氧乙烷甲醇,α-〔〔〔3-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕甲基〕环氧乙烷基〕甲氧基〕甲基〕- | 60 | ||
苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-(环氧乙烷基甲氧基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)- | NE at 50 |
甘氨酸,N-〔3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-2-羟基丙基〕- | 16 | 50 | 45%在15 |
1,2,3-丁三醇,4-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-2-羟基丙基〕- | 6 | 20 | 6%在1 |
苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-(3-乙氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-; | 75 | ||
1,2-丙二醇,3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕- | 30 | 40%在15 | |
苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-乙氧基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)- | NE at 50 |
2-丙烯酸,3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-,乙基酯,(E)- | NE at 50 | ||
丁二酸,单〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-甲氧基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕酯 | NE | 89%在15 | |
苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔4-〔2-〔4-(二甲基氨基)苯基〕乙氧基〕-3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)- | 55 |
苯胺,4,4′-〔(1-甲基亚乙基)双〔硫代〔2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4,1-苯亚乙基〕氧-2,1-亚乙基(ethanediyl)〕〕双〔N,N-二甲基- | NE | ||
L-精氨酸,单〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基丁二酸酯〕 | 15 | 50 | 93%在15 |
戊二酸,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基甲酯 | 80 | NE |
2-丙烯酸,3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-,(E)-, | 30 | NE | |
α-D-吡喃半乳糖,6-O-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕-1,2:3,4-双-O-(1-甲基亚乙基) | 45 |
苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔4-〔3-(二甲氨基)丙氧基〕-3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)- | 22%at 50 | ||
甘氨酸,N-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,3-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-乙酰基〕- | 15 | 50 | 83%在15 |
谷氨酸,N-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕乙酰基〕- | 75 | 100 | 94%在15 |
L-谷氨酸,N-〔3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-2-羟基丙基〕-二-,二乙基酯 | 10 | 50 | |
甘氨酸,N-〔4-〔4〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-2,3-二羟基丁基〕- | 50 | >100 |
L-赖氨酸,N6-〔3-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕-2-羟基丙基〕- | 75 | 100 | |
2-丙烯酸,4-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕丁基酯 | 75 |
苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-(4-羟基丁氧基)苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)- | 125 | ||
β-D-吡喃葡萄糖,6-O-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕- | 30%at 50 | ||
1-H-四氮唑-1-丁酸,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基酯 | 25%at 50 |
苯酚,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-〔〔3-羟基-1-丙烯基)氧〕苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)- | 55 | ||
L-赖氨酸,N6-〔〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯氧基〕乙酰基〕- | 30%at 50 | NE | |
D-吡喃葡萄糖,6-O-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕- | 10 | 50 |
D-Glucitol,6-O-〔4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕- | 15 | 50 | |
丁酸,4-〔〔羟基(2-羟基苯氧基)氧膦基〕氧〕-4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基酯 | 43 | 75 |
丁酸,4-羟基-3,3-二甲基-,4-〔〔1-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基酯 | 110 | 90%在15 | |
丁酸,4-(亚硫基(sulfoxy))-,1-〔4-〔〔3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基〕硫代〕-1-甲基乙基〕硫代〕-2,6-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基〕酯 | 20 | 50 | NE |
可以通过局部,全身或透皮施用组合物,它包括有效量的式(I)或式(II)化合物或其可药用的盐,任选地在可药用的载体或稀释剂中,来治疗患有任何上述病况的哺乳动物,尤其是人。
该组合物是在有效剂量范围内,以皮下的,静脉的,腹膜内的,肌内的,非肠道的,口服的,粘膜下层的,通过吸入,通过缓释斑途径透皮的,或局部的方式施用以治疗靶病况。可以通过使用常规技术或通过在类似情况观察得到的结果容易地确定有效剂量。为确定有效剂量,应考虑一些因素,包括但不局限于:患者种属;其大小,年龄,和一般健康状况;患有的具体疾病;疾病患有情况或严重程度;个体患者的反应,施用的特殊化合物;施用方式;施用制剂的生物利用度特性;选择的剂量方案;合用药物的使用。用于所有本文所述病况的典型全身用剂量范围为从每天0.1mg/kg至500mg/kg的体重,作为单次每天剂量或多次每天剂量。对所述的病况的优选剂量范围是每天5-1500mg。对期望病况的更为特别优选的剂量范围是每天25-750mg。局部施用的典型剂量的范围为从0.001至100%按活性化合物重量计。
以足够长的时间施用化合物来缓解不希望的症状和与治疗病况相关的临床症状。
活性化合物是包含在可药用的载体或稀释剂中的,它的量是在体内足够向患者输送治疗量的化合物但无严重的毒性反应。
活性化合物在药物组合物中的浓度将取决于药物的吸收,失活,和排泄速度以及那些本领域技术人员所知的其它因素。要注意的是剂量也会因为需缓解病况的严重性而变化。需进一步理解的是对于任何具体对象,应当随时间按照个体需要和专业人员的判断施行给药或指导施用组合物来调整具体的剂量方案,并且在这里提出的剂量范围仅是举例性的而并不意在局限权利要求组合物的范围或应用。活性成份可以立即施用,或可以分成一些小的剂量以不同时间间隔加以施用。
用于全身输送时,活性化合物的优选施用模式是口服。口服组合物通常将包括惰性稀释剂或可服用的载体。可以将它们包裹在明胶胶囊中或压制成片。用于口服治疗给药,可以将活性化合物与赋形剂掺合并以片剂,锭剂,或胶囊剂形式使用。可以包括药物相配伍的粘合剂,和/或辅助物质作为组合物的一部分。
片剂,丸剂,胶囊剂,锭剂等可以包含任何以下成份,或有相近性质的化合物:粘合剂如微晶纤维素,西黄蓍胶或明胶;赋形剂如淀粉或乳糖;崩解剂如藻酸,Prinogel,或玉米淀粉;润滑剂如硬脂酸镁或Sterotes;a glidant 如胶体二氧化硅;甜味剂如蔗糖或糖精;或香味剂如欧薄荷,水杨酸甲酯,或橙子香料。
当剂量单位形式是胶囊时,除了上述类型物质外,它可以包含液体载体例如脂肪油。此外,剂型可以包含各种修饰剂量单位的物理形式的其它物质,例如,糖包衣,虫胶或其它肠溶的试剂。
可以施用化合物或其盐作为酏剂,混悬剂,糖浆剂,糯米纸囊剂,咀嚼胶等的组分。除了活性剂外,糖浆剂可以包含蔗糖作为甜味剂和一些防腐剂,染料和加色剂及香料。
可以将化合物与其它不损害期望作用的活性物质,或与补充期望作用的物质相混合。可以将活性化合物与其它用于治疗心血管疾病的药物联合施用,这包括降血脂剂如普罗布考和烟酸;血小板聚集抑制剂如阿司匹林;抗血栓形成剂如苄丙酮香豆素钠;钙通道拮抗剂如维拉帕米,地尔硫,和硝苯地平;血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)抑制剂如卡托普利和恩那普利,和β-阻断剂如心得安,terbutalol,和拉贝洛尔。可以将化合物与非甾体抗炎剂联合施用,如布洛芳,吲哚美辛,苯氧布洛芳,甲芬那酸,氟芬那酸,舒林酸。也可以与皮质激素类一起施用化合物。
用于非肠道的,经皮的,皮下的,或局部应用的溶液剂或混悬剂可以包含以下组分:无菌稀释剂如注射用水,盐水溶液,固定油,聚乙二醇,甘油,丙二醇或其它合成的溶剂;抗菌剂如苄醇或对羟基苯甲酸甲酯;抗氧剂如抗坏血酸或亚硫酸氢钠;螯合剂如乙二胺四乙酸,缓冲剂如乙酸盐,柠檬酸盐或磷酸盐和张度的调节剂如氯化钠或葡萄糖。可以用酸或碱如盐酸或氢氧化钠调节pH。非肠道给药制剂可以包装在安瓿,一次性注射器或玻璃或塑料制的多剂量小瓶中。
如果是静脉给药,优选的载体是生理盐水,制菌的水,CremophorELTM(BASF,Parsippany,NJ)或磷酸缓冲盐水(PBS)。
在优选实施方案中,活性化合物是与载体一起制备的,它将保护化合物防止从体内快速的消除,例如控释制剂,包括植入剂和微囊输送系统。可以采用可生物降解的,生物相容性的多聚物,如乙烯乙酸乙烯酯,多聚酸酐,多聚乙醇酸,胶原,多聚原酸酯,多聚乙酸。对那些本领域技术人员,用于制备这种制剂的方法是显而易见的。这些物质也可以从Alza公司和Nova制药公司购买得到。脂质体悬浮液(包括靶向感染细胞的脂质体,利用针对病毒抗原的单克隆抗体)也是优选的可药用载体。这些可以依照那些本领域技术人员已知的方法加以制备,例如,如在美国专利No.4,522,811(本文将其全部以参考文献列入)中所述。例如,脂质体制剂可以通过将适当的脂质(如硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺,硬脂酰磷脂酰胆碱,二十烷酰磷脂酰胆碱,和胆固醇)溶解于无机溶剂中然后将其蒸发,在容器表面上剩余一薄层干了的脂质。然后向容器中加入化合物的水溶液。然后用手搅拌该容器以从容器边上游离脂质物质并分散脂质积聚物,从而形成脂质体悬浮剂。
局部应用的合适的赋形剂或载体可以用常规技术制备,如洗剂,混悬浮,软膏剂,霜剂,凝胶剂,酊剂,喷雾剂,粉剂,糊剂,缓剂透皮膜片(patches),施用于直肠,阴道,鼻或口腔粘膜的栓剂,除了以上列出的用做全身给药的其它物质外,稠化剂,润滑剂,和稳定剂可以用作制剂局部应用的组合物。稠化剂的实施例包括黄凡士林,蜂蜡,黄单胞菌胶或聚乙烯,湿润剂如山梨糖醇,润滑剂如矿物油,羊毛脂和其衍生物,或角鲨烯。
从前面本发明的详细叙述中,本发明涉及的抑制VCAM-1表达的化合物的修饰和变化以及对治疗由VCAM-1表达介导疾病的方法对那些本领域技术人员是显而易见的。这样的修饰和变化与所附的权利要求范围相一致。
Claims (38)
X是O,S,SO,SO2,CH2或NH;
间隔基为选自一组包括-(CH2)n-,-(CH2)n-CO-,-(CH2)n-N-,-(CH2)n-O-,-(CH2)n-S-,-(CH2O)-,-(OCH2)-,-(SCH2)-,-(CH2S-),-(芳基-O)-,-(O-芳基)-,-(烷基-O)-,-(O-烷基)-;
n是0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9或10;
Y是取代或未取代的芳基,取代或未取代的杂芳基,取代或未取代的烷基,取代或未取代的烷氧基,取代或未取代的烷氧基烷基,取代或未取代的烷基硫基,取代或未取代的烷基硫烷基,取代或未取代的烷基亚磺酰基,取代或未取代的烷基亚磺酰基烷基,取代或未取代的烷基磺酰基,取代或未取代的烷基磺酰基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,SO2-OH,OC(O)R,C(O)OH,C(O)OR,C(O)NH2,C(O)NHR,C(O)NR2,SO2NH2,SO2NHR,SO2NR2;
R是烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,芳基,取代的芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环。
R1和R2独立地为可以有取代的直链,支链或环状烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,烷芳基或芳烷基;和在R1或R2基团上的取代基选自一组包括氢,卤素,烷基,硝基,氨基,烷基氨基,二烷基氨基,酰基和酰氧基;
R3和R4独立地为任何基团,但它并不影响分子所期望的特性,这样的基团包括H,卤素,或R1。
2.权利要求1的化合物或其可药用的盐,其中X是S,SO,或SO2;间隔基是-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO;n是0-10;Y是芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,NH2,NHR,NR2,烷基,取代的烷基,酰氧基,取代的酰氧基;R是烷基,链烯基,链炔基,芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基,或硝基取代的杂芳基,或当R基连接至氮原子上时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地是直链的,支链的或环状的C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地是氢。
3.权利要求2的化合物,或其可药用的盐,选自一组式(I)的化合物,其中
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-羧甲基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-(CH2)2-;Y=4-硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=2-羧乙基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羧基丙酰氧基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-羧苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=1-乙酰氧基-1-甲基乙基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=3-硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=2,4-二硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-三氟甲基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=2-羧基呋喃基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-(N,N-二甲基)亚磺酰氨基苯基;
X=SO;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-硝基苯基;
X=SO2;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-乙酰氧基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-甲基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-氟苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=乙磺酸;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=2-二甲氨基甲基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-(CH2)3-;Y=二甲氨基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-(CH2)5-;Y=乙酰氧基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-(2-羟基)乙基苯基。
4.用于治疗由VCAM-1的表达所介导的疾病的药物组合物,它包括一种有效量的权利要求1,2或3的任一化合物或其可药用的盐和可药用的载体。
5.用于治疗由VCAM-1的表达所介导的疾病的一种方法,它包括向患者施用权利要求1,2或3中任一权利要求的式(I)化合物,或其可药用的盐,任选地在可药用的载体中。
6.权利要求5的方法,其中疾病为心血管疾病。
7.权利要求6的方法,其中心血管疾病选自包括动脉粥样硬化,后-血管成形术再狭窄,冠状动脉疾病,心绞痛,或小动脉疾病。
8.权利要求5的方法,其中疾病是炎性疾病。
9.权利要求8的方法,其中炎性疾病选自包括风湿性关节炎,骨关节炎,哮喘,皮炎,多发性硬化和牛皮癣。
Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd独立地是任何不影响分子所要求的性质的基团,包括氢,可以有取代的直链的,支链的或环状的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,烷芳基,取代的烷芳基,芳烷基或取代的芳烷基;在Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd基团上的取代基,它选自一组氢,卤素,烷基,硝基,,氨基,卤代烷基,烷基氨基,二烷基氨基,酰基和酰氧基;
Z选自一组包括氢,烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,芳基,芳烷基,烷芳基,杂芳基,杂芳烷基,碳水化合物基团,-(CH2)-Re,-C(O)-Rg,和-C(O)-(CH2)n-Rh,其中(a)当Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd都为叔-丁基时,Z不能是氢和(b)当Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd都是叔丁基时,Z不能是琥珀酸基团。
Re选自一组包括烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,烷氧基,取代的烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,取代的烷氧基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,单或多羟基取代的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,酰氧基,取代的酰氧基,COOH,COOR,-CH(OH)Rk,羟基,C(O)NH2,C(O)NHR,C(O)NR2;
Rg选自一组包括烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,烷氧基,取代的烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,取代的烷氧基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,单或多羟基取代的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基;
Rh选自一组包括烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,烷氧基,取代的烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,取代的烷氧基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,单或多羟基取代的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,酰氧基,取代的酰氧基,COOH,COOR,-CH(OH)Rk,羟基,O-磷酸酯,C(O)NH2,C(O)NHR,C(O)NR2和其可药用的盐。
或者,在另一实施方案中,Re,Rg和Rh可以独立地是可改善化合物水溶性的取代基,包括但不局限是C(O)-间隔基-SO3H中,其中间隔基如上所定义,C(O)-间隔基-SO3M,其中M是用于形成可药用盐的金属,例如钠,C(O)-间隔基-PO3H2,C(O)-间隔基-PO3M2,C(O)-间隔基-PO3HM,C(O)-间隔基-PO4H,C(O)-间隔基-PO4M,SO3M,-PO3H2,-PO3M2,-PO3HM,环磷酸盐,多烃基烷基,碳水化合物基团,C(O)-间隔基-[O(C1-3烷基)p]n,其中n如上所定义和p是1,2或3,-[O(C1-3烷基)p]n,羧基低级烷基,低级烷基羰基低级烷基,N,N-二烷基氨基低级烷基,吡啶基低级烷基,咪唑基低级烷基,吗啉基低级烷基,吡咯烷基低级烷基,噻唑啉基低级烷基,哌啶基低级烷基,吗啉基低级羟基烷基,N-吡咯基,哌嗪基低级烷基,N-烷基哌嗪基低级烷基,三氮唑基低级烷基,四氮唑基低级烷基,四氮唑氨基低级烷基,或噻唑基低级烷基。
11.权利要求10的化合物或其可药用的盐,其中Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd独立地是氢或直链的,支链的,或环状的C1-10烷基;Z选自氢,烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,碳水化合物基团,-(CH2)-Re,-C(O)-Rg,和-C(O)-(CH2)n-Rh,其条件是(a)当Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd各是叔丁基时,Z不能是氢和(b)当Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd各是叔丁基时,Z不能是琥珀酸残基。
12.权利要求11的化合物,或其可药用的盐,选自式(II)的化合物,其中
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-硝基苯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-(CH2)2-COOH;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-(5-硝基呋喃-2-基);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羧基丙基;
Ra=1-甲基乙基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=甲基,和Rd=甲基;Z=4-氨基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-氨基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羟基丙酰基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=叔丁基羰基氧甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=H,和Rd=H;Z=4-氨基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=H,和Rd=H;Z=3-羧基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=羧甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-(CONH2)乙酰基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-氨基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-(2-羧乙基);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-氨基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-3-羧丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羧丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-2-羧乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-甲基铵(盐酸盐);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-2-环氧乙烷基-乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羟基甲基环氧乙烷-2-基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-(2-羟基-2-环氧乙烷基)乙氧基环氧乙烷-2-基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=环氧乙烷基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-羧甲基氨基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2,3,4-三羟基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-乙氧基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2,3-二羟基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-乙氧基羰基乙烯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-N,N-二甲氨基苯乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-2-羧乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-2-羧乙基(L-精氨酸酯);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-甲氧基羰基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羧基乙烯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=吡喃半乳糖基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-(N,N-二乙氨基)丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-乙氧基羰基乙烯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=羧甲基氨基羰基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=1,3-二羧丙基氨基羰基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-(1,3-二乙氧基羰基)丙氨基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2,3-二羟基-4-羧甲基氨基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-(5-氨基-5-羧基)丙基氨基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-乙基羰基氧丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-羟基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=吡喃葡萄糖基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-3-四氮唑基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羟基丙烯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CH2CONH-(CH2)CH(NH2)COOH;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CH2CONHCH(COOet)CH2CH2(COOet);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=吡喃葡萄糖基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2,3,4,5,6-五羟基己烷;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-3-(2-羟基苯基氧磷氧基)丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-2,2-二甲基-3-羟基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-乙酰氧基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-乙酰氧基-3-羟基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CH2CH(OH)CH2NH(2,3,4,5,6-五羟基)己烷;
13.用于治疗由表达VCAM-1所介导的疾病的药物组合物,它包括有效量的权利要求10,11或12的任一化合物,或其可药用的盐,和可药用的载体。
14.用于治疗由表达VCAM-1所介导的疾病的方法,它包括向患者施用有效量的权利要求10,11或12中的任一化合物,或其可药用的盐,任选地在可药用的载体中。
15.权利要求14的方法,其中疾病是心血管疾病。
16.权利要求15的方法,其中心血管疾病选自包括动脉粥样硬化,后-血管成形术再狭窄,冠状动脉疾病,心绞痛,和小动脉疾病。
17.权利要求14的方法,其中疾病是炎性疾病。
18.权利要求17的方法,其中炎性疾病选自包括类风湿性关节炎,骨关节炎,哮喘,皮炎,多发性硬化和牛皮癣。
19.权利要求6的方法,包括将化合物与选自下述的任一种心血管药物联合施用,其它心血管药物选自降血脂剂,血小板聚积抑制剂,抗血栓形成剂,钙通道阻断剂,血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)抑制剂,和β-阻断剂。
20.权利要求15的方法,包括将化合物与选自下述的任一种心血管药物联合施用,其它心血管药物选自降血脂剂,血小板聚积抑制剂,抗血栓形成剂,钙通道阻断剂,血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)抑制剂,和β-阻断剂。
21.权利要求8的方法,包括将化合物与任一种抗炎药物联合施用。
22.权利要求16的方法,包括将化合物与任一种抗炎药物联合施用。
X是O,S,SO,SO2,CH2或NH;
间隔基为选自一组包括-(CH2)n-,-(CH2)n-CO-,-(CH2)n-N-,-(CH2)n-O-,-(CH2)n-S-,-(CH2O)-,-(OCH2)-,-(SCH2)-,-(CH2S-),-(芳基-O)-,-(O-芳基)-,-(烷基-O)-,-(O-烷基)-;
n是0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9或10;
Y是取代或未取代的芳基,取代或未取代的杂芳基,取代或未取代的烷基,取代或未取代的烷氧基,取代或未取代的烷氧基烷基,取代或未取代的烷基硫基,取代或未取代的烷基硫烷基,取代或未取代的烷基亚磺酰基,取代或未取代的烷基亚磺酰基烷基,取代或未取代的烷基磺酰基,取代或未取代的烷基磺酰基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,SO2-OH,OC(O)R,C(O)OH,C(O)OR,C(O)NH2,C(O)NHR,C(O)NR2,SO2NH2,SO2NHR,SO2NR2;
R是烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,芳基,取代的芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环。
R1和R2独立地为可以有取代的直链,支链或环状烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,烷芳基或芳烷基;和在R1或R2基团上的取代基选自一组包括氢,卤素,烷基,硝基,氨基,烷基氨基,二烷基氨基,酰基和酰氧基;
R3和R4独立地为任何基团,但它并不影响分子所期望的特性,这样的基团包括H,卤素,或R1。
24.如在权利要求23中所要求的化合物或其可药用盐的用途,其中X是S,SO,或SO2;间隔基是-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO;n是0-10;Y是芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,NH2,NHR,NR2,烷基,取代的烷基,酰氧基,取代的酰氧基;R是烷基,链烯基,链炔基,芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基,或硝基取代的杂芳基,或当R基连接至氮原子上时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地是直链的,支链的或环状的C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地是氢。
25.如在权利要求23中所要求的化合物或其可药用盐的用途,式(I)化合物选自,其中
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-羧甲基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-(CH2)2-;Y=4-硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=2-羧乙基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羧基丙酰氧基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-羧苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=1-乙酰氧基-1-甲基乙基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=3-硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=2,4-二硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-三氟甲基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=2-羧基呋喃基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-(N,N-二甲基)亚磺酰氨基苯基;
X=SO;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-硝基苯基;
X=SO2;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-乙酰氧基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-甲基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-氟苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=乙磺酸;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=2-二甲氨基甲基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-(CH2)3-;Y=二甲氨基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-(CH2)5-;Y=乙酰氧基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-(2-羟基)乙基苯基。
X是O,S,SO,SO2,CH2或NH;
间隔基为选自一组包括-(CH2)n-,-(CH2)n-CO-,-(CH2)n-N-,-(CH2)n-O-,-(CH2)n-S-,-(CH2O)-,-(OCH2)-,-(SCH2)-,-(CH2S-),-(芳基-O)-,-(O-芳基)-,-(烷基-O)-,-(O-烷基)-;
n是0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9或10;
Y是取代或未取代的芳基,取代或未取代的杂芳基,取代或未取代的烷基,取代或未取代的烷氧基,取代或未取代的烷氧基烷基,取代或未取代的烷基硫基,取代或未取代的烷基硫烷基,取代或未取代的烷基亚磺酰基,取代或未取代的烷基亚磺酰基烷基,取代或未取代的烷基磺酰基,取代或未取代的烷基磺酰基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,SO2-OH,OC(O)R,C(O)OH,C(O)OR,C(O)NH2,C(O)NHR,C(O)NR2,SO2NH2,SO2NHR,SO2NR2;
R是烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,芳基,取代的芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,或当连接至氮原子时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环。
R1和R2独立地为可以有取代的直链,支链或环状烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,烷芳基或芳烷基;和在R1或R2基团上的取代基选自一组包括氢,卤素,烷基,硝基,氨基,烷基氨基,二烷基氨基,酰基和酰氧基;
R3和R4独立地为任何基团,但它并不影响分子所期望的特性,这样的基团包括H,卤素,或R1。
27.如在权利要求26中所要求的式(I)化合物或其可药用的盐的用途,其中疾病是心血管疾病。
28.如在权利要求26中所要求的式(I)化合物或其可药用的盐的用途,其中疾病是炎性疾病。
29.如在权利要求26,27或28中所要求的式(I)化合物或其可药用盐的用途,其中X是S,SO,或SO2;间隔基是-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-CO;n是0-10;Y是芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,NH2,NHR,NR2,烷基,取代的烷基,酰氧基,取代的酰氧基;R是烷基,链烯基,链炔基,芳基,烷基-COOH,烷基-COO烷基,烷基-COO芳基,杂芳基,或硝基取代的杂芳基,或当R基连接至氮原子上时,两个相邻的R基团可以连接形成5至7元环;R1和R2独立地是直链的,支链的或环状的C1-5烷基;R3和R4独立地是氢。
30.如在权利要求26,27或28中所要求的式(I)化合物或其可药用的盐的用途,式(I)化合物选自,其中
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-羧甲基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-(CH2)2-;Y=4-硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=2-羧乙基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羧基丙酰氧基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-羧苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=1-乙酰氧基-1-甲基乙基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=3-硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=2,4-二硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-三氟甲基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基; R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=2-羧基呋喃基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-(N,N-二甲基)亚磺酰氨基苯基;
X=SO;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-硝基苯基;
X=SO2;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-硝基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-乙酰氧基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-甲基苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-氟苯基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=乙磺酸;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=2-二甲氨基甲基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-(CH2)3-;Y=二甲氨基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-(CH2)5-;Y=乙酰氧基;
X=S;R1=叔丁基;R2=叔丁基;R3=H;R4=H;间隔基=-CH2-;Y=4-(2-羟基)乙基苯基。
31.式(II)化合物或其可药用的盐抑制VCAM-1的用途,其中式(II)具有结构其中
Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd独立地是任何不影响分子所要求的性质的基团,包括氢,可以有取代的直链的,支链的或环状的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,烷芳基,取代的烷芳基,芳烷基或取代的芳烷基;在Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd基团上的取代基,它选自一组氢,卤素,烷基,硝基,,氨基,卤代烷基,烷基氨基,二烷基氨基,酰基和酰氧基;
Z选自一组包括氢,烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,芳基,芳烷基,烷芳基,杂芳基,杂芳烷基,碳水化合物基团,-(CH2)-Re,-C(O)-Rg,和-C(O)-(CH2)n-Rh,其中(a)当Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd都为叔-丁基时,Z不能是氢和(b)当Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd都是叔丁基时,Z不能是琥珀酸基团。
Re选自一组包括烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,烷氧基,取代的烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,取代的烷氧基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,单或多羟基取代的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,酰氧基,取代的酰氧基,COOH,COOR,-CH(OH)Rk,羟基,C(O)NH2,C(O)NHR,C(O)NR2;
Rg选自一组包括烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,烷氧基,取代的烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,取代的烷氧基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,单或多羟基取代的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基;
Rh选自一组包括烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,烷氧基,取代的烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,取代的烷氧基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,单或多羟基取代的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,酰氧基,取代的酰氧基,COOH,COOR,-CH(OH)Rk,羟基,O-磷酸酯,C(O)NH2,C(O)NHR,C(O)NR2和其可药用的盐。
或者,在另一实施方案中,Re,Rg和Rh可以独立地是可改善化合物水溶性的取代基,包括但不局限是C(O)-间隔基-SO3H中,其中间隔基如上所定义,C(O)-间隔基-SO3M,其中M是用于形成可药用盐的金属,例如钠,C(O)-间隔基-PO3H2,C(O)-间隔基-PO3M2,C(O)-间隔基-PO3HM,C(O)-间隔基-PO4H,C(O)-间隔基-PO4M,SO3M,-PO3H2,-PO3M2,-PO3HM,环磷酸盐,多烃基烷基,碳水化合物基团,C(O)-间隔基-[O(C1-3烷基)p]n,其中n如上所定义和p是1,2或3,-[O(C1-3烷基)p]n,羧基低级烷基,低级烷基羰基低级烷基,N,N-二烷基氨基低级烷基,吡啶基低级烷基,咪唑基低级烷基,吗啉基低级烷基,吡咯烷基低级烷基,噻唑啉基低级烷基,哌啶基低级烷基,吗啉基低级羟基烷基,N-吡咯基,哌嗪基低级烷基,N-烷基哌嗪基低级烷基,三氮唑基低级烷基,四氮唑基低级烷基,四氮唑氨基低级烷基,或噻唑基低级烷基。
32.如在权利要求31中所要求的式(II)化合物或其可药用的盐的用途,其中Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd独立地是氢或直链的,支链的,或环状的C1-10烷基;Z选自氢,烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,碳水化合物基团,-(CH2)-Re,-C(O)-Rg,和-C(O)-(CH2)n-Rh,其条件是(a)当Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd各是叔丁基时,Z不能是氢和(b)当Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd各是叔丁基时,Z不能是琥珀酸残基。
33.如在权利要求31中所要求的式(II)化合物或其可药用的盐的用途,式(II)的化合物选自,其中
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-硝基苯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-(CH2)2-COOH;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-(5-硝基呋喃-2-基);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羧基丙基;
Ra=1-甲基乙基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=甲基,和Rd=甲基;Z=4-氨基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-氨基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羟基丙酰基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=叔丁基羰基氧甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=H,和Rd=H;Z=4-氨基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=H,和Rd=H;Z=3-羧基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=羧甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-(CONH2)乙酰基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-氨基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-(2-羧乙基);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-氨基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-3-羧丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羧丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-2-羧乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-甲基铵(盐酸盐);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-2-环氧乙烷基-乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羟基甲基环氧乙烷-2-基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-(2-羟基-2-环氧乙烷基)乙氧基环氧乙烷-2-基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=环氧乙烷基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-羧甲基氨基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2,3,4-三羟基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-乙氧基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2,3-二羟基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-乙氧基羰基乙烯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-N,N-二甲氨基苯乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-2-羧乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基; Z=CO-2-羧乙基(L-精氨酸酯);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-甲氧基羰基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羧基乙烯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=吡喃半乳糖基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-(N,N-二乙氨基)丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-乙氧基羰基乙烯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=羧甲基氨基羰基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=1,3-二羧丙基氨基羰基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-(1,3-二乙氧基羰基)丙氨基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2,3-二羟基-4-羧甲基氨基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-(5-氨基-5-羧基)丙基氨基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-乙基羰基氧丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-羟基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=吡喃葡萄糖基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-3-四氮唑基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羟基丙烯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CH2CONH-(CH2)CH(NH2)COOH;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CH2CONHCH(COOet)CH2CH2(COOet);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=吡喃葡萄糖基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2,3,4,5,6-五羟基己烷;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-3-(2-羟基苯基氧磷氧基)丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-2,2-二甲基-3-羟基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-乙酰氧基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-乙酰氧基-3-羟基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CH2CH(OH)CH2NH(2,3,4,5,6-五羟基)己烷;
34.式(II)化合物或其可药用的盐治疗由VCAM-1介导的疾病的用途,其中式(II)化合物具有结构其中
Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd独立地是任何不影响分子所要求的性质的基团,包括氢,可以有取代的直链的,支链的或环状的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,烷芳基,取代的烷芳基,芳烷基或取代的芳烷基;在Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd基团上的取代基,它选自一组氢,卤素,烷基,硝基,,氨基,卤代烷基,烷基氨基,二烷基氨基,酰基和酰氧基;
Z选自一组包括氢,烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,芳基,芳烷基,烷芳基,杂芳基,杂芳烷基,碳水化合物基团,-(CH2)-Re,-C(O)-Rg,和-C(O)-(CH2)n-Rh,其中(a)当Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd都为叔-丁基时,Z不能是氢和(b)当Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd都是叔丁基时,Z不能是琥珀酸基团。
Re选自一组包括烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,烷氧基,取代的烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,取代的烷氧基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,单或多羟基取代的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,酰氧基,取代的酰氧基,COOH,COOR,-CH(OH)Rk,羟基,C(O)NH2,C(O)NHR,C(O)NR2;
Rg选自一组包括烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,烷氧基,取代的烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,取代的烷氧基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,单或多羟基取代的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基;
Rh选自一组包括烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,烷氧基,取代的烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,取代的烷氧基烷基,NH2,NHR,NR2,单或多羟基取代的烷基,芳基,取代的芳基,杂芳基,取代的杂芳基,酰氧基,取代的酰氧基,COOH,COOR,-CH(OH)Rk,羟基,O-磷酸酯,C(O)NH2,C(O)NHR,C(O)NR2和其可药用的盐。
或者,在另一实施方案中,Re,Rg和Rh可以独立地是可改善化合物水溶性的取代基,包括但不局限是C(O)-间隔基-SO3H中,其中间隔基如上所定义,C(O)-间隔基-SO3M,其中M是用于形成可药用盐的金属,例如钠,C(O)-间隔基-PO3H2,C(O)-间隔基-PO3M2,C(O)-间隔基-PO3HM,C(O)-间隔基-PO4H,C(O)-间隔基-PO4M,SO3M,-PO3H2,-PO3M2,-PO3HM,环磷酸盐,多烃基烷基,碳水化合物基团,C(O)-间隔基-[O(C1-3烷基)p]n,其中n如上所定义和p是1,2或3,-[O(C1-3烷基)p]n,羧基低级烷基,低级烷基羰基低级烷基,N,N-二烷基氨基低级烷基,吡啶基低级烷基,咪唑基低级烷基,吗啉基低级烷基,吡咯烷基低级烷基,噻唑啉基低级烷基,哌啶基低级烷基,吗啉基低级羟基烷基,N-吡咯基,哌嗪基低级烷基,N-烷基哌嗪基低级烷基,三氮唑基低级烷基,四氮唑基低级烷基,四氮唑氨基低级烷基,或噻唑基低级烷基。
35.如在权利要求34中所要求的式(II)化合物的用途,其中疾病是心血管疾病。
36.如在权利要求34中所要求的式(II)化合物的用途,其中疾病是炎性疾病。
37.如在权利要求34,35或36中所要求的式(II)的化合物或其可药用盐的用途,其中Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd独立地是氢或直链的,支链的,或环状的C1-10烷基;Z选自氢,烷基,取代的烷基,链烯基,取代的链烯基,链炔基,取代的链炔基,碳水化合物基团,-(CH2)-Re,-C(O)-Rg,和-C(O)-(CH2)n-Rh,其条件是(a)当Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd各是叔丁基时,Z不能是氢和(b)当Ra,Rb,Rc和Rd各是叔丁基时,Z不能是琥珀酸残基。
38.如在权利要求34,35或36中所要求的式(II)化合物,或其可药用的盐的用途,式(II)的化合物选自,其中
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-硝基苯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-(CH2)2-COOH;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-(5-硝基呋喃-2-基);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羧基丙基;
Ra=1-甲基乙基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=甲基,和Rd=甲基;Z=4-氨基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-氨基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羟基丙酰基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=叔丁基羰基氧甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=H,和Rd=H;Z=4-氨基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=H,和Rd=H;Z=3-羧基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=羧甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-(CONH2)乙酰基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-氨基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-(2-羧乙基);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-氨基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-3-羧丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羧丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-2-羧乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-甲基铵(盐酸盐);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-2-环氧乙烷基-乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羟基甲基环氧乙烷-2-基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-(2-羟基-2-环氧乙烷基)乙氧基环氧乙烷-2-基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=环氧乙烷基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-羧甲基氨基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2,3,4-三羟基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-乙氧基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2,3-二羟基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基; Z=乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-乙氧基羰基乙烯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-N,N-二甲氨基苯乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-2-羧乙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-2-羧乙基(L-精氨酸酯);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-甲氧基羰基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羧基乙烯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=吡喃半乳糖基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-(N,N-二乙氨基)丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-乙氧基羰基乙烯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=羧甲基氨基羰基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=1,3-二羧丙基氨基羰基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-(1,3-二乙氧基羰基)丙氨基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2,3-二羟基-4-羧甲基氨基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-(5-氨基-5-羧基)丙基氨基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-乙基羰基氧丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=4-羟基丁基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=吡喃葡萄糖基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-3-四氮唑基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=3-羟基丙烯基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CH2CONH-(CH2)CH(NH2)COOH;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CH2CONHCH(COOet)CH2CH2(COOet);
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=吡喃葡萄糖基甲基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2,3,4,5,6-五羟基己烷;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-3-(2-羟基苯基氧磷氧基)丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CO-2,2-二甲基-3-羟基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-羟基-3-乙酰氧基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=2-乙酰氧基-3-羟基丙基;
Ra=叔丁基,Rb=叔丁基,Rc=叔丁基,和Rd=叔丁基;Z=CH2CH(OH)CH2NH(2,3,4,5,6-五羟基)己烷;
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106905208A (zh) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-30 | 江西瑞雅药业有限公司 | 普罗布考前药及其制备方法和药物组合物 |
CN106905208B (zh) * | 2017-02-27 | 2018-09-07 | 江西瑞雅药业有限公司 | 普罗布考前药及其制备方法和药物组合物 |
US11649220B2 (en) | 2018-01-30 | 2023-05-16 | Demotech.Inc. | Probucol derivative, preparation method therefor and use thereof |
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