CN108697609A - 气溶胶去头皮屑组合物 - Google Patents
气溶胶去头皮屑组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108697609A CN108697609A CN201780014566.1A CN201780014566A CN108697609A CN 108697609 A CN108697609 A CN 108697609A CN 201780014566 A CN201780014566 A CN 201780014566A CN 108697609 A CN108697609 A CN 108697609A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K8/046—Aerosols; Foams
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
-
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种发泡组合物,所述发泡组合物包含:约18%至约36%的一种或多种阴离子表面活性剂;0 0.1%至约5%的一种或多种粘度调节剂,其分子量为约38至约2800;约0.1%至约10%的去头皮屑颗粒;约1%至约10%的发泡剂,并且其中泡沫密度为约0.05g/mL至约0.25g/mL。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及气溶胶去头皮屑组合物,其提供活性物质沉积和保持组合物功效的泡沫密度。
背景技术
相比于传统产品形式,用于个人清洁类别的气溶胶泡沫具有某些优点。经由泡沫形式递送的产品的一个缺点为通过夹带的空气稀释制剂成分,这可导致性能负影响相对于传统的液体/凝胶形式相当。因此,有必要相对于传统清洁产品的含量显著提高制剂中表面活性剂的含量以从清洁观点出发保持有效。对于包含不溶性活性成分的产品,这种负面影响进一步加剧,其可容易地稀释至不再有效的含量。因此,必须准确地控制递送的泡沫的密度以确保有效量的活性物质的适当递送。通过増加基于它们在递送泡沫中的体积的活性浓度,已经发现,可从泡沫形式推动这些活性物质的显著更高的沉积。为此,我们已发现可利用制剂成分和气溶胶发泡剂的具体含量和组合以确保使泡沫密度保持在保持足够高以保持产品功效的范围内。
发明内容
在本发明的实施方案中,本发明涉及一种起泡组合物,其包含:约18%至约36%的一种或多种阴离子表面活性剂;0 0.1%至约5%的一种或多种粘度调节剂,其分子量为约38至约2800;约0.1%至约10%的去头皮屑颗粒;约1%至约10%的发泡剂,并且其中泡沫密度为约0.05g/mL至约0.25g/mL。
具体实施方式
虽然本说明书以特别指出并清楚地要求保护本发明的权利要求书作为结尾,但据信通过下列说明可更好地理解本发明。
如本文所用,术语“流体”包括液体和凝胶。
如本文所用,当用于权利要求中时,包括“一个”和“一种”的冠词应被理解为是指一种或多种受权利要求书保护的或所描述的物质。
如本文所用,“包括/包含”是指可加入不影响最终结果的其它步骤和其它成分。该术语包括“由…组成”和“基本上由…组成”。
如本文所用,“混合物”旨在包括物质的简单组合以及由它们的组合所可能产生的任何化合物。
如本文所用,除非另外指明,“分子量”是指重均分子量。分子量使用工业标准方法、凝胶渗透色谱法(“GPC”)测量。
如本文所用,“个人护理组合物”包括诸如洗发剂、沐浴凝胶、液体手清洁剂、毛发着色剂、面部清洁剂、以及其它基于表面活性剂的液体组合物的产品。
如本文所用,术语“包括”、“包含”和“含有”旨在是非限制性的,并且理解为分别是指“具有”、“具备”和“涵盖”。
除非另外说明,所有百分比、份数和比率均基于本发明组合物的总重量计。所有涉及所列成分的这些重量均基于活性物质的含量,因此不包括可能被包含在可商购获得的物质中的载体或副产物。
除非另外指明,否则所有组分或组合物含量均为就该组分或组合物的活性部分而言的,且不包括可能存在于这些组分或组合物的可商购获得的来源中的杂质,例如残余溶剂或副产物。
应当理解,贯穿本说明书给出的每一最大数值限度包括每一更低数值限度,如同该更低数值限度在本文中明确写出。贯穿本说明书给出的每一最小数值限度将包括每一更高数值限度,如同该更高数值限度在本文中明确写出。贯穿本说明书给出的每一数值范围将包括落在该更大数值范围内的每一更窄的数值范围,如同该更窄的数值范围全部在本文中明确写出。
去污表面活性剂
毛发护理组合物可包含按重量计大于约20%的表面活性剂体系,其向组合物提供清洁性能。表面活性剂体系包含阴离子表面活性剂和/或阴离子表面活性剂与选自两性、两性离子、非离子以及它们的混合物的辅助表面活性剂的组合。去污表面活性剂的各种示例和描述示于美国专利8,440,605;美国专利申请公开2009/155383;和美国专利申请公开2009/0221463中,这些专利的全部内容以引用方式并入本文。
毛发护理组合物可包含按重量计约18%至约36%、约20%至约32%、和/或约22%至约28%的一种或多种阴离子表面活性剂。
本发明的组合物还可包含选自以下的阴离子表面活性剂:
a)R1O(CH2CHR3O)y SO3M;
b)CH3(CH2)z CHR2CH2O(CH2CHR3O)y SO3M;以及
c)它们的混合物,
其中R1表示CH3(CH2)10,R2表示H或包含1至4个碳原子的烃基,使得z和R2中的碳原子之和为8,R3为H或CH3,y为0至7,当y不为零(0)时,y的平均值为约1,并且M为一价或二价带正电荷的阳离子。
适用于所述组合物中的阴离子表面活性剂为烷基硫酸盐和烷基醚硫酸盐。其它合适的阴离子表面活性剂为有机硫酸反应产物的水溶性盐。其它合适的阴离子表面活性剂为用羟乙磺酸酯化并且用氢氧化钠中和的脂肪酸的反应产物。其它类似的阴离子表面活性剂描述于美国专利2,486,921;2,486,922;和2,396,278中,将所述文献全文以引用方式并入本文。
用于毛发护理组合物中的示例性阴离子表面活性剂包括月桂基硫酸铵、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵、月桂基硫酸三乙基胺、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸三乙基胺、月桂基硫酸三乙醇胺、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸三乙醇胺、月桂基硫酸单乙醇胺、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸单乙醇胺、月桂基硫酸二乙醇胺、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸二乙醇胺、月桂酸单甘油酯硫酸钠、月桂基硫酸钠、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、月桂基硫酸钾、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钾、月桂基肌氨酸钠、月桂酰肌氨酸钠、月桂基肌氨酸、椰油酰肌氨酸、椰油酰硫酸铵、月桂酰硫酸铵、椰油酰硫酸钠、月桂酰硫酸钠、椰油酰硫酸钾、月桂基硫酸钾、月桂基硫酸三乙醇胺、月桂基硫酸三乙醇胺、椰油酰硫酸单乙醇胺、月桂基硫酸单乙醇胺、十三烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、椰油酰羟乙磺酸钠、十一烷基硫酸盐、以及它们的组合。在另一个实施方案中,阴离子表面活性剂为月桂基硫酸钠或月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠。
合适的阴离子的烷基硫酸盐和烷基醚硫酸盐表面活性剂包括但不限于具有支化烷基链的那些,其由C8至C18 2-烷基支化醇合成,醇可选自:格尔伯特醇、羟醛醇、氧代醇、以及它们的混合物。2-烷基支化醇的非限制性示例包括格尔伯特醇诸如2-甲基-1-十一醇、2-乙基-1-癸醇、2-甲基-1-十二烷醇、2-丁基-1-辛醇、2-丁基-1-壬醇、2-乙基-1-十一烷醇、2-丙基-1-壬醇、2-戊基-1-辛醇、2-戊基-1-庚醇、以及以商品名(Sasol)出售的那些、以及氧代醇,例如以商品名(Sasol)、(Sasol)、(Shell)出售的那些,
毛发护理组合物可包含辅助表面活性剂。辅助表面活性剂可选自两性离子表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、以及它们的混合物。辅助表面活性剂可包括但不限于月桂酰氨基丙基甜菜碱、椰油酰氨基丙基甜菜碱、月桂基羟基磺基甜菜碱、月桂酰两性基乙酸钠、椰油单乙醇酰胺以及它们的混合物。
毛发护理组合物还可包含按重量计约1%至约5%、约2%至约4%、约2.5%至约3%的一种或多种两性/两性离子辅助表面活性剂、非离子辅助表面活性剂、或它们的混合物。
适用于本文毛发护理组合物中的两性表面活性剂或两性离子表面活性剂包括已知用于洗发剂或其它毛发护理清洁的那些。合适两性离子表面活性剂或两性表面活性剂的非限制性示例描述于美国专利5,104,646和5,106,609中,将所述文献全文以引用方式并入本文。
适用于组合物中的两性辅助表面活性剂包括被描述为脂族仲胺和叔胺的衍生物的那些表面活性剂,其中脂族基团可为直链或支链,并且其中脂族取代基之一包含约8至约18个碳原子,并且一个包含阴离子基团诸如羧基、磺酸根、硫酸根、磷酸根、或膦酸根。合适的两性表面活性剂包括但不限于选自以下的那些:椰油基氨基丙酸钠、椰油基氨基二丙酸钠、椰油酰两性基乙酸钠、椰油酰两性基羟丙基磺酸钠、椰油酰两性基丙酸钠、玉米油酰两性基丙酸钠、月桂氨基丙酸钠、月桂酰两性基乙酸钠、月桂酰两性基羟丙基磺酸钠、月桂酰两性基丙酸钠、玉米油酰两性基丙酸钠、月桂亚氨基二丙酸钠、椰油基氨基丙酸铵、椰油基氨基二丙酸铵、椰油酰两性基乙酸铵、椰油酰两性基羟丙基磺酸铵、椰油酰两性基丙酸铵、玉米油酰两性基丙酸铵、月桂氨基丙酸铵、月桂酰两性基乙酸铵、月桂酰两性基羟丙基磺酸铵、月桂酰两性基丙酸铵、玉米油酰两性基丙酸铵、月桂亚氨基二丙酸铵、椰油基氨基丙酸三乙醇胺、椰油基氨基二丙酸三乙醇胺、椰油酰两性基乙酸三乙醇胺、椰油酰两性基羟丙基磺酸三乙醇胺、椰油酰两性基丙酸三乙醇胺、玉米油酰两性基丙酸三乙醇胺、月桂氨基丙酸三乙醇胺、月桂酰两性基乙酸三乙醇胺、月桂酰两性基羟丙基磺酸三乙醇胺、月桂酰两性基丙酸三乙醇胺、玉米油酰两性基丙酸三乙醇胺、月桂亚氨基二丙酸三乙醇胺、椰油酰两性基二丙酸、癸酰两性基二乙酸二钠、癸酰两性基二丙酸二钠、辛酰两性基二乙酸二钠、辛酰两性基二丙酸二钠、椰油酰两性基羧乙基羟丙基磺酸二钠、椰油酰两性基二乙酸二钠、椰油酰两性基二丙酸二钠、二羧乙基椰油基丙二胺二钠、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚-5羧基两性基二乙酸二钠、月桂亚氨基二丙酸二钠、月桂酰两性基二乙酸二钠、月桂酰两性基二丙酸二钠、油基两性基二丙酸二钠、PPG-2-异癸醇聚醚-7羧基两性基二乙酸二钠、月桂基氨基丙酸、月桂酰两性基二丙酸、月桂基氨丙基甘氨酸、月桂基二亚乙基二氨基甘氨酸、以及它们的混合物。
两性辅助表面活性剂可为符合以下结构的表面活性剂:
其中R12为C-连接的一价取代基,其选自:包含9至15个碳原子的取代的烷基体系、包含9至15个碳原子的未取代的烷基体系、包含9至15个碳原子的直链烷基体系、包含9至15个碳原子的支化烷基体系、和包含9至15个碳原子的不饱和烷基体系;R13、R14和R15各自独立地选自包含1至3个碳原子的C连接的二价直链烷基体系和包含1至3个碳原子的C连接的二价支化烷基体系;并且M+为一价抗衡离子,其选自钠、铵和质子化三乙醇胺。在一个实施方案中,所述两性表面活性剂选自椰油酰两性基乙酸钠、椰油酰两性基二乙酸钠、月桂酰两性基乙酸钠、月桂酰两性基二乙酸钠、月桂酰两性基乙酸铵、椰油酰两性基乙酸铵、月桂酰两性基乙酸三乙醇胺、椰油酰两性基乙酸三乙醇胺、以及它们的混合物。
组合物可包含两性离子辅助表面活性剂,其中两性离子表面活性剂为脂族季铵、鏻和锍化合物的衍生物,其中脂族基团可为直链或支链,并且其中一个脂族取代基包含约8至约18个碳原子,并且一个脂族取代基包含阴离子基团,诸如羧基、磺酸根、硫酸根、磷酸根或膦酸根。两性离子表面活性剂可选自:椰油酰胺基乙基甜菜碱、椰油酰胺基丙基氧化胺、椰油酰胺基丙基甜菜碱、椰油酰胺基丙基二甲基氨基羟丙基水解胶原、椰油酰胺基丙基二甲基铵羟丙基水解胶原、椰油酰胺基丙基羟基磺基甜菜碱、椰油甜菜碱酰胺基两性基丙酸盐、椰油基甜菜碱、椰油基羟基磺基甜菜碱、椰油基/油基酰胺丙基甜菜碱、椰油基磺基甜菜碱、月桂酰胺基丙基甜菜碱、月桂基甜菜碱、月桂基羟基磺基甜菜碱、月桂基磺基甜菜碱、以及它们的混合物。合适的两性离子表面活性剂为月桂基羟基磺基甜菜碱。两性离子表面活性剂可选自:月桂基羟基磺基甜菜碱、椰油酰胺基丙基羟基磺基甜菜碱、椰油基甜菜碱、椰油基羟基磺基甜菜碱、椰油基磺基甜菜碱、月桂基甜菜碱、月桂基磺基甜菜碱、以及它们的混合物。
辅助表面活性剂可为两性离子表面活性剂,其中两性离子表面活性剂选自:月桂基羟基磺基甜菜碱、椰油酰胺基丙基羟基磺基甜菜碱、椰油基甜菜碱、椰油基羟基磺基甜菜碱、椰油基磺基甜菜碱、月桂基甜菜碱、月桂基磺基甜菜碱、以及它们的混合物。
辅助表面活性剂可为非离子表面活性剂,非离子表面活性剂选自:椰油酰胺、椰油酰胺甲基MEA、椰油酰胺DEA、椰油酰胺MEA、椰油酰胺MIPA、月桂酰胺DEA、月桂酰胺MEA、月桂酰胺MIPA、十四酰胺DEA、十四酰胺MEA、PEG-20椰油酰胺MEA、PEG-2椰油酰胺、PEG-3椰油酰胺、PEG-4椰油酰胺、PEG-5椰油酰胺、PEG-6椰油酰胺、PEG-7椰油酰胺、PEG-3月桂酰胺、PEG-5月桂酰胺、PEG-3油酰胺、PPG-2椰油酰胺、PPG-2羟乙基椰油酰胺、以及它们的混合物。
适用于毛发护理组合物中的其它阴离子表面活性剂、两性离子表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂和非离子附加表面活性剂的非限制性示例描述于McCutcheon的《Emulsifiersand Detergents》,1989年鉴,由M.C.Publishing Co.出版和美国专利3,929,678、2,658,072;2,438,091;2,528,378中,将所述文献全文以引用方式并入本文。
粘度降低剂
毛发护理组合物包含按毛发护理组合物的重量计约1%至约5%、或者约2%至约4%、或者约1%至约3%的一种或多种粘度降低剂。
粘度降低剂可选自粘度降低剂可选自乙醇、二丙二醇、二甲苯磺酸钠、烷氧基化有机硅/乙氧基化有机硅/丙氧基化有机硅/聚氧乙烯有机硅/聚氧丙烯有机硅/聚乙二醇有机硅/PEG-8有机硅/PEG-9有机硅/PEG-n有机硅/有机硅醚(n可为另一整数),非限制性示例包括PEG8-聚二甲基有机硅A208)MW 855、PEG 8聚二甲基有机硅D208MW2706、Silsur、以及它们的组合。
本文所述的毛发护理组合物可具有约8厘泊至约15,000厘泊、或者约9厘泊至约12,000厘泊、或者约10厘泊至约11,000厘泊的液相粘度。浓缩的毛发组合物粘度值可为使用具有同心圆柱体附件的TA Instruments AR-G2流变仪在25℃在2秒倒数的剪切速率下测量的。在本发明的实施方案中,毛发护理组合物可具有允许容易从包装配置分配的范围内的粘度。
与水混溶的溶剂
组合物可包含与水混溶的二醇和其它二醇。非限制性示例包括二丙二醇、三丙二醇、二甘醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、2,2-丙二醇、1,2-丁二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、2,3-丁二醇、1-丙烯、1,3,3,3-四氟-(1E)和2-甲基-2,4-戊二醇。
去头皮屑活性物质
本发明组合物也可包含去头皮屑剂。去头皮屑颗粒的合适的非限制性示例包括:吡啶硫酮盐、硫化硒、颗粒硫、以及它们的混合物。此类去头皮屑颗粒应在物理和化学上与组合物的基本组分相容,并且不应不当地损害产品的稳定性、美观性或性能。
1.吡啶硫酮盐
吡啶硫酮去头皮屑颗粒,尤其是1-羟基-2-吡啶硫酮盐,为用于本发明组合物中的颗粒去头皮屑剂的一个实施方案。吡啶硫酮去头皮屑颗粒的浓度按组合物的重量计通常在约0.1%至约10%范围内。在实施方案中,吡啶硫酮去头皮屑颗粒的浓度在约0.1%至约8%范围内,并且在另一个实施方案中在约0.3%至约5%范围内。在本发明的实施方案中,吡啶硫酮盐包括由重金属诸如锌、铜、锡、镉、镁、铝和锆形成的那些。在本发明的实施方案中,为由重金属锌形成的吡啶硫酮盐,并且在另一个实施方案中为1-羟基-2-吡啶硫酮的锌盐(称为“吡啶硫酮锌”或“ZPT”),并且在另一个实施方案中为板粒形式的1-羟基-2-吡啶硫酮盐,其中颗粒具有至多约20μ的平均尺寸。在本发明的一个实施方案中,颗粒具有至多约5μ,并且在另一个实施方案中至多约2.5μ的平均尺寸。由其它阳离子诸如钠形成的盐也可为合适的。吡啶硫酮去头皮屑剂描述于例如美国专利2,809,971;美国专利3,236,733;美国专利3,753,196;美国专利3,761,418;美国专利4,345,080;美国专利4,323,683;美国专利4,379,753;和美国专利4,470,982中。可以设想,当将ZPT用作本文组合物中的去头皮屑颗粒时,可刺激或调节或同时刺激和调节毛发的生长或再生,或者可降低或抑制毛发损失,或者毛发将显得更浓密或更丰盈。
2.其它抗微生物活性物质
除了选自巯基吡啶氧化物的多价金属盐的去头皮屑活性物质外,本发明还可包含除金属巯基吡啶氧化物盐活性物质以外的一种或多种抗真菌或抗微生物的活性物质。合适的抗微生物活性物质包括煤焦油、硫、美达复方苯甲酸软膏、castellani的颜料、氯化铝、龙胆紫、羟甲辛吡酮(羟甲辛吡酮乙醇胺)、环已吡酮羟乙胺酮、十一碳烯酸及其金属盐,高锰酸钾、硫化硒、硫代硫酸钠、丙二醇、苦橙油、尿素制剂、灰黄霉素、8-羟基喹啉氯碘羟喹、硫代地巴唑、硫代氨基甲酸盐、卤普罗近、聚烯、羟基吡啶酮、吗啉、苄胺、烯丙胺(诸如特比萘芬)、茶树油、丁香叶油、胡荽、玫瑰草、小檗碱、百里香红、桂皮油、肉桂醛、香茅酸、日柏酚、鱼石脂白、Sensiva SC-50、Elestab HP-100、壬二酸、溶酶、碘代丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸盐(IPBC),异噻唑啉酮诸如辛基异噻唑啉酮和唑类、以及它们的组合。在本发明的一个实施方案中,抗微生物剂包括伊曲康唑、酮康唑、硫化硒和煤焦油。
a.唑类
唑抗微生物剂包括咪唑类诸如苯并咪唑、苯并噻唑、联苯苄唑、丁康唑硝酸盐、甘宝素、克霉唑、克鲁康唑、依柏康唑、益康唑、新康唑、芬替康唑、氟康唑、氟三唑、异康唑、酮康唑、兰诺康唑、甲硝唑、咪康唑、奈康唑、奥莫康唑、奥昔康唑硝酸盐、舍他康唑、硝酸硫康唑、噻康唑、噻唑和三唑诸如特康唑和伊曲康唑、以及它们的组合。当存在于所述组合物中时,唑抗微生物活性物质的含量为约0.01%至约5%。在本发明的一个实施方案中,唑抗微生物活性物质的含量按所述组合物的重量计为约0.1%至约3%,并且在另一个实施方案中为约0.3%至约2%。在本发明的一个实施方案中,唑抗微生物剂为酮康唑。
b.硫化硒
硫化硒为适用于本发明抗微生物组合物中的颗粒去头皮屑剂,其有效浓度按所述组合物的重量计在约0.1%至约4%范围内,并且在本发明的一个实施方案中在约0.3%至约2.5%范围内,并且在另一个实施方案中在约0.5%至约1.5%范围内。硫化硒通常被认为是具有一摩尔硒和两摩尔硫的化合物,尽管它也可为符合通式SexSy的环状结构,其中x+y=8。硫化硒的平均粒径通常小于15μm,如通过正向激光光散射装置(例如Malvern 3600仪器)所测量,并且在本发明的一个实施方案中,小于10μm。硫化硒化合物描述于例如美国专利2,694,668;美国专利3,152,046;美国专利4,089,945;和美国专利4,885,107中。
c.硫
d.角质层分离剂
e.附加抗微生物活性物质
本发明的附加抗微生物活性物质可包括白千层属灌木(茶树)提取物和木炭。本发明还可包含抗微生物活性物质的组合。此类组合可包括羟甲辛吡酮和吡啶硫酮锌的组合、松树焦油和硫的组合、水杨酸和吡啶硫酮锌的组合、羟甲辛吡酮和氯咪巴唑的组合、和水杨酸和羟甲辛吡酮的组合、吡啶硫酮锌和氯咪巴唑的组合、以及它们的混合物。当用于本文时,这些活性物质的用量为约1%至约4%,并且在本发明的一个实施方案中为约2%至约4%。
在一个实施方案中,组合物包含有效量的含锌层状物质。在一个实施方案中,所述组合物包含按所述组合物的总重量计约0.001%至约10%、或约0.01%至约7%、或约0.1%至约5%的含锌层状物质。
含锌层状材料可为主要在二维平面上具有晶体生长的那些。常规上将层状结构描述为其中不仅所有原子均掺入到良好限定的层中,而且其中在层间存在称为隧道离子(A.F.Wells,“Structural Inorganic Chemistry”,Clarendon Press,1975)的离子或分子的那些。含锌层状物质(ZLM)可具有掺入到层中的锌和/或可作为隧道离子的组分。下列类别的ZLM代表了总类别中相对常见的示例,并且不旨在对范围更广的符合此定义的材料作出限制。
许多ZLM在自然界以矿物的形式出现。在一个实施方案中,ZLM选自:水锌矿(碳酸锌氢氧化物)、碱式碳酸锌、绿铜锌矿(碳酸锌铜氢氧化物)、斜方绿铜锌矿(碳酸铜锌氢氧化物)、以及它们的混合物。相关的含锌矿物也可包含于组合物中。天然ZLM也可存在,其中阴离子层物质诸如粘土型矿物质(如页硅酸盐)包含离子交换的锌隧道离子。所有这些天然物质也可通过合成获得,或在组合物中或在生产过程期间原位形成。
另一种通常但不总是合成获得的常见类别ZLM为层状二元氢氧化物。在一个实施方案中,ZLM为符合式[M2+ 1-xM3+ x(OH)2]x+Am- x/m·nH2O的层状二元氢氧化物,其中一些或所有的二价离子(M2+)为锌离子(Crepaldi,EL,Pava,PC,Tronto,J,Valim,JB J.ColloidInterfac.Sci.2002,248,429-42)。
可以制备另一类别的ZLM,称为羟基复盐(Morioka,H.,Tagaya,H.,Karasu,M,Kadokawa,J,Chiba,K Inorg.Chem.1999,38,4211-6)。在一个实施方案中,ZLM为符合式[M2 + 1-xM2+ 1+x(OH)3(1-y)]+An- (1=3y)/n·nH2O的羟基复盐,其中两个金属离子(M2+)可以相同或不同。如果它们相同并且由锌表示,则该式简化为[Zn1+x(OH)2]2x+2x A-·nH2O。后一式代表了(其中x=0.4)材料诸如羟基氯化锌和碱式硝酸锌。在一个实施方案中,ZLM为羟基氯化锌和/或碱式硝酸锌。这些也涉及水锌矿,其中二价阴离子替换一价阴离子。这些材料还可以在组合物中或在生产过程中或生产过程期间原位形成。
在一个实施方案中,组合物包含碱式碳酸锌。碱式碳酸锌的可商购获得的来源包括碱式碳酸锌(Cater Chemicals:Bensenville,IL,USA)、碳酸锌(Shepherd Chemicals:Norwood,OH,USA)、碳酸锌(CPS Union Corp.:New York,NY,USA)、碳酸锌(ElementisPigments:Durham,UK)和碳酸锌AC(Bruggemann Chemical:Newtown Square,PA,USA)。碱式碳酸锌,商业上还可以称作“碳酸锌”或“碳酸锌碱性物”或“羟基碳酸锌”,为合成型式,由与天然存在的水锌矿类似的材料组成。理想的化学计量表示为Zn5(OH)6(CO3)2,但实际化学计量比可稍有不同,并且晶格中可掺有其它杂质。
在具有含锌层状材料和巯基吡啶氧化物或巯基吡啶氧化物的多价金属盐的实施方案中,含锌层状材料与巯基吡啶氧化物或巯基吡啶氧化物的多价金属盐的比率为约5:100至约10:1、或约2:10至约5:1、或约1:2至约3:1。
阳离子聚合物
毛发护理组合物还包含阳离子聚合物。这些阳离子聚合物可包括以下中的至少一种:(a)阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物,(b)阳离子非瓜尔型半乳甘露聚糖聚合物,(c)阳离子木薯聚合物,(d)丙烯酰胺单体和阳离子单体的阳离子共聚物,和/或(e)合成的非交联阳离子聚合物,其在与去污表面活性剂混合后可形成或可不形成溶致液晶,(f)阳离子纤维素聚合物。另外地,阳离子聚合物可为阳离子聚合物的混合物。
毛发护理组合物可包含阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物,其为阳离子取代的半乳甘露聚糖(瓜尔)树胶衍生物。用于制备这些瓜尔胶衍生物的瓜尔胶通常以天然存在的得自瓜尔胶植物种子的材料形式获得。瓜尔胶分子自身为直链甘露聚糖,其在规则间隔处支化,在交替的甘露糖单元上具有单节半乳糖单元。甘露糖单元经由β(1-4)糖苷键连接基彼此连接。经由α(1-6)键,发生半乳糖支化。通过聚半乳甘露聚糖的羟基与反应性季铵化合物之间的反应,来获得瓜尔胶的阳离子衍生物。阳离子基团到瓜尔胶结构上的取代度应足以提供上文所述的所需阳离子电荷密度。
根据一个实施方案,阳离子聚合物包括但不限于阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物,阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物具有小于1,000,000g/mol、或约10,000g/mol至约1,000,000g/mol、或约25,000g/mol至约1,000,000g/mol、或约50,000g/mol至约1,000,000g/mol、或约100,000g/mol至约1,000,000g/mol的分子量。在一个实施方案中,所述阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物具有约0.2至约2.2meq/g、或约0.3至约2.0meq/g、或约0.4至约1.8meq/g;或约0.5meq/g至约1.7meq/g的电荷密度。
根据一个实施方案,阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物具有小于约1,000,000g/mol的重均分子量,并且具有约0.1meq/g至约2.5meq/g的电荷密度。在一个实施方案中,阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物可具有小于950,000g/mol、或约10,000g/mol至约900,000g/mol、或约25,000g/mol至约900,000g/mol、或约50,000g/mol至约900,000g/mol、或约100,000g/mol至约900,000g/mol、约150,000至约800,000g/mol的重均分子量。在一个实施方案中,所述阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物具有约0.2至约2.2meq/g、或约0.3至约2.0meq/g、或约0.4至约1.8meq/g;或约0.5meq/g至约1.5meq/g的电荷密度。
毛发护理组合物可包含按组合物的总重量计约0.05%至小于约1%、约0.05%至约0.9%、约0.1%至约0.8%、或约0.2%至约0.7%的阳离子聚合物(a)。
阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物可由季铵化合物形成。在一个实施方案中,用于形成阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物的季铵化合物符合通式1:
其中R3、R4和R5为甲基或乙基基团;R6为具有通式2的环氧烷基:
或R6为具有通式3的卤代醇基团:
其中R7为C1至C3亚烷基;X为氯或溴,并且Z为阴离子,诸如Cl-、Br-、I-或HSO4-。
在一个实施方案中,阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物符合通式4:
其中R8为瓜尔胶;并且其中R4、R5、R6和R7如上所述;并且其中Z为卤素。在一个实施方案中,阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物符合式5:
合适的阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物包括阳离子瓜尔胶衍生物,诸如瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵。在一个实施方案中,阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物为瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵。瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵的具体示例包括可从Rhone-Poulenc Incorporated商购获得的系列,例如可从Rhodia商购获得的C-500。C-500具有0.8meq/g的电荷密度和500,000g/mol的分子量。其它合适的瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵为:具有约1.1meq/g的电荷密度和约500,000g/mol的分子量并且得自ASI的瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵,具有约1.5meq/g的电荷密度和约500,000g/mol的分子量并且得自ASI的瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵。其它合适的瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵为:Hi-Care 1000,其具有约0.7meq/g的电荷密度和约600,000g/mol的分子量,并且购自Rhodia;N-Hance 3269和N-Hance 3270,其具有约0.7meq/g的电荷密度和约425,000g/mol的分子量并且得自ASI;AquaCat CG518,其具有约0.9meq/g的电荷密度和约50,000g/mol的分子量并且得自ASI。BF-13,其为具有约1.1meq/g的电荷密度和约800,000的分子量的无硼酸盐(硼)的瓜尔胶,以及BF-17,其为具有约1.7meq/g的电荷密度和约800,000的M.W.t的无硼酸盐(硼)的瓜尔胶,二者均得自ASI。
毛发护理组合物可包含半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物,以单体对单体计,半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物具有的甘露糖与半乳糖的比率大于2:1,半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物选自:阳离子半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物和具有净正电荷的两性半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物。如本文所用,术语“阳离子半乳甘露聚糖”是指向其中加入阳离子基团的半乳甘露聚糖聚合物。术语“两性半乳甘露聚糖”是指向其中加入阳离子基团和阴离子基团以使聚合物具有净正电荷的半乳甘露聚糖聚合物。
半乳甘露聚糖聚合物存在于豆科种子胚乳中。半乳甘露聚糖聚合物由甘露糖单体和半乳糖单体的组合构成。半乳甘露聚糖分子为按规则的间隔在特定甘露糖单元上以单节半乳糖单元支化的直链甘露聚糖。甘露糖单元经由β(1-4)糖苷键彼此连接。经由α(1-6)键产生半乳糖支化。甘露糖单体与半乳糖单体的比率根据植物的品种而改变,并且还受气候的影响。以单体对单体计,适用的非瓜尔胶半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物可具有大于2:1的甘露糖与半乳糖的比率。合适的甘露糖与半乳糖的比率可大于约3:1,并且甘露糖与半乳糖的比率可大于约4:1。甘露糖与半乳糖比率的分析是本领域熟知的,并且通常基于半乳糖含量的测量。
用于制备非瓜尔胶半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物的树胶通常以天然存在的材料形式获得,诸如来自植物的种子或豆形果实。多种非瓜尔胶半乳甘露聚糖聚合物的示例包括但不限于刺云豆胶(3份甘露糖/1份半乳糖)、长角豆胶或角豆胶(4份甘露糖/1份半乳糖)和肉桂胶(5份甘露糖/1份半乳糖)。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,非瓜尔胶半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物具有约1,000至约1,000,000、和/或约5,000至约900,000的M.Wt.。
的毛发护理组合物还可包含半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物,其具有约0.5meq/g至约7meq/g的阳离子电荷密度。在一个实施方案中,半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物具有约1meq/g至约5meq/g的阳离子电荷密度。阳离子基团到半乳甘露聚糖结构上的取代度应足以提供所需的阳离子电荷密度。
半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物可为非瓜尔胶半乳甘露聚糖聚合物的阳离子衍生物,该衍生物由聚半乳甘露聚糖聚合物的羟基基团与反应性季铵化合物之间的反应获得。适用于形成阳离子半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物的季铵化合物包括符合如上定义的通式1-5的那些。
由上述试剂形成的阳离子非瓜尔胶半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物由通式6表示:
其中R为树胶。阳离子半乳甘露聚糖衍生物可为树胶羟丙基三甲基氯化铵,其可更具体地由通式7表示:
另选地,半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物可为具有净正电荷的两性半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物,当阳离子半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物还包含阴离子基团时,获得两性半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物。
阳离子非瓜尔胶半乳甘露聚糖可具有大于约4:1的甘露糖与半乳糖的比率、约50,000g/mol至约1,000,000g/mol、和/或约100,000g/mol至约900,000g/mol的分子量,以及约1meq/g至约5meq/g、和/或2meq/g至约4meq/g的阳离子电荷密度,并且还可来源于肉桂植物。
毛发护理组合物可包含按组合物的重量计至少约0.05%的半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物,或者按组合物的重量计约0.05%至约2%的半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物。
毛发护理组合物可包含水溶性阳离子改性淀粉聚合物。如本文所用,术语“阳离子改性淀粉”是指在使淀粉降解以具有更小分子量之前向其中加入阳离子基团的淀粉,或在使淀粉改性以获得所需分子量之后向其中加入阳离子基团的淀粉。术语“阳离子改性淀粉”的定义还包括两性改性的淀粉。术语“两性改性的淀粉”是指向其中加入阳离子基团和阴离子基团的淀粉水解产物。
毛发护理组合物可包含按组合物的重量计约0.01%至约10%,和/或约0.05%至约5%范围内的阳离子改性淀粉聚合物。
本文公开的阳离子改性淀粉聚合物具有约0.5%至约4%的结合氮百分比。
用于毛发护理组合物中的阳离子改性淀粉聚合物可具有约50,000g/mol至约1,000,000g/mol、和/或约100,000g/mol至约1,000,000g/mol的分子量。
毛发护理组合物可包含阳离子改性淀粉聚合物,其具有约0.2meq/g至约5meq/g、和/或约0.2meq/g至约2meq/g的电荷密度。获得此类电荷密度的化学改性包括但不限于向淀粉分子中加入氨基和/或铵基团。这些铵基团的非限制性示例可包括取代基,诸如羟丙基三甲基氯化铵、三甲基羟丙基氯化铵、二甲基硬脂基羟丙基氯化铵和二甲基十二烷基羟丙基氯化铵。参见Solarek,D.B.,改性淀粉中的阳离子淀粉:性质和用途,Wurzburg,O.B.编辑,CRC出版社,Boca Raton,Fla.1986,第113-125页。可将阳离子基团在淀粉降解至具有更小分子量之前加入到淀粉中,或可将阳离子基团在此改性之后加入其中。
阳离子改性淀粉聚合物通常具有约0.2至约2.5的阳离子基团取代度。如本文所用,阳离子改性淀粉聚合物的“取代度”为每个由取代基衍生的葡糖酐单元上羟基数的平均量度。由于每个葡糖酐单元具有三个可被取代的羟基,所以最大可能的取代度为3。以摩尔平均计,取代度表示为每摩尔葡糖酐单元具有的取代基摩尔数。取代度可用本领域熟知的质子核磁共振光谱(“sup.1H NMR”)方法测定。合适的.sup.1H NMR技术包括描述于“Observation on NMR Spectra of Starches in Dimethyl Sulfoxide,Iodine-Complexing,and Solvating in Water-Dimethyl Sulfoxide”,Qin-Ji Peng和ArthurS.Perlin,Carbohydrate Research,160(1987),57-72页;以及“An Approach to theStructural Analysis of Oligosaccharides by NMR Spectroscopy”,J.HowardBradbury和J.Grant Collins,Carbohydrate Research,71,(1979),15-25页。
在化学改性之前的淀粉来源可选自多种来源,诸如块茎、豆类、谷类和粮食。此类来源的淀粉的非限制性示例可包括玉米淀粉、小麦淀粉、稻谷淀粉、蜡质玉米淀粉、燕麦淀粉、木薯淀粉、蜡质大麦淀粉、蜡质稻谷淀粉、麸质稻谷淀粉、糯米淀粉、支链淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、木薯淀粉、燕麦淀粉、西米淀粉、甜稻谷淀粉、或它们的混合物。
阳离子改性淀粉聚合物可选自降解的阳离子玉米淀粉、阳离子木薯、阳离子马铃薯淀粉以及它们的混合物。另选地,阳离子改性淀粉聚合物为阳离子玉米淀粉和阳离子木薯。
在降解至具有更小分子量之前或在改性至具有更小分子量之后,淀粉可包含一种或多种附加的改性。例如,这些改性可包括交联、稳定化反应、磷酸化和水解。稳定性反应可包括烷基化和酯化。
阳离子改性淀粉聚合物可以水解淀粉(例如酸、酶或碱降解)、氧化淀粉(例如过氧化物、过酸、次氯酸盐、碱或任何其它氧化剂)、物理/机械降解淀粉(例如经由处理设备的热机械能输入)或它们组合的形式掺入所述组合物中。
淀粉的最佳形式为一种易于溶解于水中并且在水中形成基本上澄清(600nm下的透射%.gtoreq.80)溶液的形式。组合物的透明度通过紫外/可见(UV/VIS)分光光度测定法来测量,其根据相关指导说明使用Gretag Macbeth Colorimeter Color i 5测定样品对UV/VIS射线的吸收或透射。已示出,600nm的光波长足以表征化妆品组合物的透明度。
适用于毛发护理组合物中的阳离子改性淀粉可购自已知的淀粉供应商。还适用于毛发护理组合物中的为非离子改性淀粉,如本领域所已知的,非离子改性淀粉可被进一步衍生为阳离子改性淀粉。如本领域已知的是,其它合适的改性淀粉原料可被季铵化以产生适用于毛发护理组合物中的阳离子改性淀粉聚合物。
淀粉降解过程:通过在水中混合颗粒状淀粉,可制得淀粉浆液。将温度升至约35℃。然后基于淀粉计以约50ppm的浓度加入高锰酸钾水溶液。用氢氧化钠将pH升至约11.5,并且将浆液充分搅拌,以防止淀粉沉降。然后加入在水中稀释的约30%的过氧化氢溶液,使过氧化物的含量基于淀粉计为约1%。然后通过加入附加的氢氧化钠,将pH恢复至约11.5。将反应在约1至约20小时的时段内完成。然后将该混合物用稀盐酸中和。降解淀粉通过过滤接着洗涤并干燥来重新获得。
毛发护理组合物可包含丙烯酰胺单体和阳离子单体的阳离子共聚物,其中共聚物具有约1.0meq/g至约3.0meq/g的电荷密度。阳离子共聚物可为丙烯酰胺单体和阳离子单体的合成阳离子共聚物。
阳离子共聚物可包含:
(i)具有下式AM的丙烯酰胺单体:
其中R9为H或C1-4烷基;并且R10和R11独立地选自H、C1-4烷基、CH2OCH3、CH2OCH2CH(CH3)2和苯基,或合在一起为C3-6环烷基;以及
(ii)符合式CM的阳离子单体:
其中k=1,v、v'和v”中的每一个独立地为1至6的整数,w为零或1至10的整数,并且X-为阴离子。
阳离子单体可符合式CM,并且其中k=1,v=3并且w=0,z=1,并且X-为Cl-,以形成以下结构:
上述结构可被称为二季铵盐。另选地,阳离子单体可符合式CM,并且其中v和v”各自为3,v'=1,w=1,y=1,并且X-为Cl-,诸如:
上述结构可被称为三季铵盐。
合适的丙烯酰胺单体包括但不限于丙烯酰胺或甲基丙烯酰胺。
在另一个实施方案中,阳离子共聚物为丙烯酰胺单体和阳离子单体,其中阳离子单体选自:(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基氨基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二过氧丁基氨基乙酯、二甲基氨基甲基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、二甲基氨基丙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺;乙烯亚胺、乙烯胺、2-乙烯基吡啶、4-乙烯基吡啶;三甲基(甲基)丙烯酰氧乙基氯化铵、三甲基(甲基)丙烯酰氧乙基甲酯硫酸铵、二甲基铵(甲基)丙烯酰氧乙基苄基氯化铵、4-苯甲酰基苄基二甲基丙烯酰氧乙基氯化铵、三甲基(甲基)丙烯酰胺基乙基氯化铵、三甲基(甲基)丙烯酰胺基丙基氯化铵、乙烯基苄基三甲基氯化铵、二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵、以及它们的混合物。
阳离子共聚物可包含阳离子单体,阳离子单体选自:阳离子单体包括三甲基(甲基)丙烯酰氧乙基氯化铵、三甲基(甲基)丙烯酰氧乙基甲酯硫酸铵、二甲基(甲基)丙烯酰氧乙基苄基氯化铵、4-苯甲酰基苄基二甲基丙烯酰氧乙基氯化铵、三甲基(甲基)丙烯酰胺基乙基氯化铵、三甲基(甲基)丙烯酰胺基丙基氯化铵、乙烯基苄基三甲基氯化铵、以及它们的混合物。
阳离子共聚物可为水溶性的。阳离子共聚物由以下形成:(1)(甲基)丙烯酰胺和基于(甲基)丙烯酰胺的阳离子单体和/或水解稳定的阳离子单体的共聚物,(2)(甲基)丙烯酰胺、基于阳离子(甲基)丙烯酸酯的单体、和基于(甲基)丙烯酰胺的单体、和/或水解稳定的阳离子单体的三聚物。基于阳离子(甲基)丙烯酸酯的单体可为包含季铵化N原子的(甲基)丙烯酸的阳离子化酯。在一个实施方案中,包含季铵化N原子的(甲基)丙烯酸的阳离子化酯为烷基和亚烷基基团中具有C1-C3的季铵化(甲基)丙烯酸二烷基氨基烷基酯。合适的包含季铵化N原子的(甲基)丙烯酸的阳离子化酯可选自:(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基氨基甲酯的铵盐、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯的铵盐、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基氨基丙酯的铵盐、(甲基)丙烯酸二乙基氨基甲酯的铵盐、(甲基)丙烯酸二乙基氨基乙酯的铵盐;以及(甲基)丙烯酸二乙基氨基丙酯的铵盐。在一个实施方案中,可为包含季铵化的N原子的(甲基)丙烯酸的阳离子化酯为用卤代烷、或用氯甲烷、或苄基氯、或硫酸二甲酯季铵化的丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯(ADAME-Quat)。当基于(甲基)丙烯酰胺时,阳离子单体可为在烷基和亚烷基中具有C1至C3的季铵化二烷基氨基烷基(甲基)丙烯酰胺,或者用卤代烷、或氯甲烷、或苄基氯、或硫酸二甲酯季铵化的二甲基氨基丙基丙烯酰胺。
合适的基于(甲基)丙烯酰胺的阳离子单体包括在烷基和亚烷基基团中具有C1-C3的季铵化二烷基氨基烷基(甲基)丙烯酰胺。基于(甲基)丙烯酰胺的阳离子单体可为二甲基氨基丙基丙烯酰胺,其用卤代烷(尤其是氯甲烷)或苄基氯或硫酸二甲酯季铵化。
阳离子单体可为水解稳定的阳离子单体。除了二烷基氨基烷基(甲基)丙烯酰胺以外,水解稳定的阳离子单体还可为OECD水解测试可认为稳定的所有单体。阳离子单体可为水解稳定的,并且水解稳定的阳离子单体可选自:二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵和水溶性阳离子苯乙烯衍生物。
阳离子共聚物可为丙烯酰胺、用氯甲烷季铵化的(甲基)丙烯酸2-二甲基铵乙酯(ADAME-Q)、和用氯甲烷季铵化的3-二甲基铵丙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺(DIMAPA-Q)的三元共聚物。阳离子共聚物可由丙烯酰胺和丙烯酰胺基丙基三甲基氯化铵形成,其中丙烯酰胺基丙基三甲基氯化铵具有约1.0meq/g至约3.0meq/g的电荷密度。
阳离子共聚物可具有约1.1meq/g至约2.5meq/g、或约1.1meq/g至约2.3meq/g、或约1.2meq/g至约2.2meq/g、或约1.2meq/g至约2.1meq/g、或约1.3meq/g至约2.0meq/g、或约1.3meq/g至约1.9meq/g的电荷密度。
阳离子共聚物可具有约10,000g/mol至约1,000,000g/mol、或约25,000g/mol至约1,000,000g/mol、或约50,000g/mol至约1,000,000g/mol、或约100,000g/mol至约1,000,000g/mol、或约150,000g/mol至约1,000,000g/mol的分子量。
毛发护理组合物可包含阳离子合成聚合物,其可由一种或多种阳离子单体单元和任选的一种或多种带负电荷的单体单元和/或非离子单体形成,其中共聚物的后续电荷为阳性。三种类型的单体的比率以“m”、“p”和“q”给出,其中“m”为阳离子单体的数目,“p”为带有负电荷的单体的数目,并且“q”为非离子单体的数目。
阳离子聚合物可为具有以下结构的水溶性或水可分散的非交联并且合成的阳离子聚合物:
其中A可为以下阳离子部分中的一种或多种:
其中@=酰胺基、烷基酰胺基、酯、醚、烷基、或烷基芳基;
其中Y=C1-C22烷基、烷氧基、烷叉基、烷基或芳氧基;
其中ψ=C1-C22烷基、烷氧基、烷基芳基、或烷基芳氧基;。
其中Z=C1-C22烷基、烷氧基、芳基、或芳氧基;
其中R1=H、C1-C4直链或支化烷基;
其中s=0或1,n=0或≥1;
其中T和R7=C1-C22烷基;并且
其中X-=卤素、氢氧根、链烷醇根、硫酸根或烷基硫酸根。
其中带有负电荷的单体由以下定义:R2’=H、C1-C4直链或支化烷基,并且R3为:
其中D=O、N、或S;
其中Q=NH2或O;
其中u=1-6;
其中t=0-1;并且
其中J=包含以下元素P、S、C的氧化官能团。
其中非离子单体由以下定义:R2”=H、C1-C4直链或支化烷基,R6=直链或支化烷基、烷基芳基、芳氧基、烷氧基、烷基芳氧基,并且β定义为
并且
其中G‘和G”彼此独立地为O、S或N-H,并且L=0或1。
阳离子单体的例子包括(甲基)丙烯酸氨基烷基酯、(甲基)氨基烷基(甲基)丙烯酰胺;包含至少一个仲、叔或季铵官能团,或包含氮原子的杂环基团、乙烯胺或乙烯亚胺的单体;二烯丙基二烷基铵盐;它们的混合物、它们的盐以及从它们衍生出的大分子单体。
阳离子单体的另外示例包括(甲基)丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲氨基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二叔丁基氨乙酯、二甲基氨基甲基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、二甲基氨基丙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、乙烯亚胺、乙烯胺、2-乙烯基吡啶、4-乙烯基吡啶、(甲基)丙烯酸三甲基氯化铵乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸三甲基甲基硫酸铵乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基苄基氯化铵乙酯、丙烯酸-4-苯甲酰基苄基二甲基氯化铵乙酯、三甲基氯化铵乙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、三甲基氯化铵丙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、乙烯基苄基三甲基氯化铵、二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵。
合适的阳离子单体包括包含式-NR3 +的季铵基团的那些,其中R相同或不同,代表氢原子、包含1至10个碳原子的烷基,或苄基,任选带有羟基,并且包含阴离子(抗衡离子)。阴离子的示例为卤离子(诸如氯离子、溴离子)、硫酸根、硫酸氢根、烷基硫酸根(例如,包含1至6个碳原子)、磷酸根、柠檬酸根、甲酸根和乙酸根。
合适的阳离子单体包括(甲基)丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵、(甲基)丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基甲酯硫酸铵、(甲基)丙烯酰氧乙基苄基二甲基氯化铵、丙烯酰氧乙基4-苯甲酰基苄基二甲基氯化铵、(甲基)丙烯酰胺基乙基三甲基氯化铵、(甲基)丙烯酰胺基丙基三甲基氯化铵、乙烯基苄基三甲基氯化铵。
其它合适的阳离子单体包括(甲基)丙烯酰胺基丙基三甲基氯化铵。
带有负电荷的单体的示例包括包含磷酸根或膦酸根基团的α-烯键式不饱和单体、α-烯键式不饱和一元羧酸、α-烯键式不饱和二元羧酸的单烷基酯、α-烯键式不饱和二元羧酸的单烷基酰胺、包含磺酸基团的α-烯键式不饱和化合物、以及包含磺酸基团的α-烯键式不饱和化合物的盐。
具有负电荷的合适单体包括丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、乙烯基磺酸、乙烯基磺酸的盐、乙烯基苯磺酸、乙烯基苯磺酸的盐、α-丙烯酰胺基甲基丙磺酸、α-丙烯酰胺基甲基丙磺酸的盐、甲基丙烯酸2-磺基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-磺基乙酯的盐、丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)、丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸的盐、以及苯乙烯磺酸盐(SS)。
非离子单体的示例包括乙酸乙烯酯、α-烯键式不饱和羧酸的酰胺、具有氢化或氟化醇的α-烯键式不饱和一元羧酸的酯、聚环氧乙烷(甲基)丙烯酸酯(即,聚乙氧基化的(甲基)丙烯酸)、α-烯键式不饱和二元羧酸的单烷基酯、α-烯键式不饱和二元羧酸的单烷基酰胺、乙烯基腈、乙烯胺酰胺、乙烯醇、乙烯基吡咯烷酮和乙烯基芳族化合物。
合适的非离子单体包括苯乙烯、丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺、丙烯腈、丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸正丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸正丙酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸2-羟乙酯、以及甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯。
与合成阳离子聚合物缔合的阴离子抗衡离子(X-)可为任何已知的抗衡离子,只要聚合物在水中、在毛发护理组合物中、或在毛发护理组合物中的凝聚层相中保持可溶解或可分散,并且只要抗衡离子与毛发护理组合物的基本组分在物理上和化学上是相容的,或不会另外不当地破坏产品的性能、稳定性或美观性。此类抗衡离子的非限制性示例包括卤离子(例如,氯、氟、溴、碘)、硫酸根和甲硫酸根。
阳离子聚合物的浓度按毛发护理组合物的重量计在约0.025%至约5%、约0.1%至约3%、和/或约0.2%至约1%的范围内。
合适的阳离子纤维素聚合物为与三甲基铵取代的环氧化物反应的羟乙基纤维素的盐,工业上(CTFA)称作聚季铵盐10,并且可以它们的Polymer LR、JR和KG聚合物系列购自Dow/Amerchol Corp.(Edison,N.J.,USA)。阳离子纤维素的其它合适类型包括羟乙基纤维素与月桂基二甲基铵取代的环氧化物反应而生成的聚合物季铵盐,其在工业上(CTFA)内被命名为聚季铵盐24。这些材料可以商品名Polymer LM-200购自Dow/Amerchol Corp.。其它合适类型的阳离子纤维素包括羟乙基纤维素与月桂基二甲基铵取代的环氧化物以及三甲基铵取代的环氧化物反应所得的聚合季铵盐,其在工业领域(CTFA)内被称为聚季铵盐67。这些材料以商品名SoftCAT Polymer SL-5、SoftCAT Polymer SL-30、Polymer SL-60、Polymer SL-100、Polymer SK-L、Polymer SK-M、Polymer SK-MH、和Polymer SK-H购自Dow/Amerchol Corp.。
发泡剂
本文所述的毛发护理组合物可包含按毛发护理组合物的重量计约1%至约10%发泡剂,或者约2%至约8%发泡剂,或者约2.5%至约7%发泡剂。
发泡剂可包含一种或多种挥发性物质,挥发性物质呈气态,可承载呈颗粒或液滴形式的毛发护理组合物的其它组分。发泡剂可具有在约-45℃至约5℃范围内的沸点。当在压力下被封装在常规气溶胶容器中时,发泡剂可被液化。发泡剂在离开气溶胶泡沫分配器时的快速沸腾可有助于毛发护理组合物的其它组分的雾化。
可用于气溶胶组合物中的气溶胶发泡剂可包括化学惰性的烃类诸如丙烷、正丁烷、异丁烷、环丙烷、以及它们的混合物,以及卤代烃类诸如二氯二氟甲烷、1,1-二氯-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷、1-氯-1,1-二氟-2,2-三氟乙烷、1-氯-1,1-二氟乙烯、1,1-二氟乙烷、二甲基醚、一氯二氟甲烷、反式-1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯、以及它们的混合物。发泡剂的非限制性示例可为来自Honey Well的推进剂A46(异丁烷和丙烷)(18,Diversified Cpc International(Channahon US)和HFO(反式1,3,3,3四氟丙基1烯)(19)。发泡剂可包含烃类,诸如异丁烷、丙烷和丁烷–这些物质可用于其低臭氧反应性,并且可用作单独的组分,其中它们在21.1℃下的蒸气压在约1.17巴至约7.45巴、或者约1.17巴至约4.83巴、并且或者约2.14巴至约3.79巴的范围内。
任选成分
毛发护理组合物还可包含一种或多种任选成分,包括有益剂。合适的有益剂包括但不限于调理剂、阳离子聚合物有机硅乳剂、去头皮屑活性物质、凝胶网络、螯合剂和天然油诸如向日葵油或蓖麻油。另外合适的任选成分包括但不限于香料、香料微胶囊、着色剂、颗粒、抗微生物剂、泡沫抑制剂、抗静电剂、流变改性剂和增稠剂、悬浮材料和结构剂、pH调节剂和缓冲剂、防腐剂、珠光剂、溶剂、稀释剂、抗氧化剂、维生素、以及它们的组合。
此类任选成分应该在物理和化学上与组合物的组分相容,并且不应另外不当地破坏产品的稳定性、美观性或性能。CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook第十版(由Cosmetic,Toiletry,and Fragrance Association,Inc.(Washington,D.C.)公布)(2004)(下文称为“CTFA”)描述了各种各样可加入到本文组合物中的非限制性材料。
调理剂
毛发护理组合物的调理剂可为有机硅调理剂。有机硅调理剂可包括挥发性有机硅、非挥发性有机硅、或它们的组合。有机硅调理剂的浓度通常按组合物的重量计在约0.01%至约10%、约0.1%至约8%、约0.1%至约5%、和/或约0.2%至约3%的范围内。合适的有机硅调理剂以及任选的有机硅悬浮剂的非限制性例子描述于美国再版专利34,584、美国专利5,104,646、和美国专利5,106,609中,将其描述以引用方式并入本文。
适用的有机硅调理剂可具有如在25℃下所测量的约20至约2,000,0000厘沲(“csk”)、约1,000csk至约1,800,000csk、约50,000csk至约1,500,000csk、和/或约100,000csk至约1,500,000csk的粘度。
分散的有机硅调理剂颗粒通常具有在约0.01微米至约10微米范围内的体积平均粒径。对于施用于毛发的小颗粒,体积平均粒径通常在约0.01微米至约4微米、约0.01微米至约2微米、约0.01微米至约0.5微米的范围内。
包括论述有机硅流体、硅橡胶纯胶料和有机硅树脂以及有机硅制备的章节在内的其它关于有机硅的资料可参见Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering第15卷,第2版,第204-308页,John Wiley&Sons,Inc.(1989),所述文献以引用方式并入本文。
适用的有机硅乳剂包括但不限于根据美国专利4,476,282和美国专利申请公开2007/0276087中提供的描述制得的不溶性聚硅氧烷乳剂。因此,合适的不溶性聚硅氧烷包括聚硅氧烷诸如α,ω-羟基封端的聚硅氧烷或α,ω-烷氧基封端的聚硅氧烷,其具有如下在约50,000g/mol至约500,000g/mol范围内的分子量。不溶性聚硅氧烷可具有在约50,000至约500,000g/mol范围内的平均分子量。例如,所述不溶性聚硅氧烷可具有约60,000至约400,000;约75,000至约300,000;约100,000至约200,000;或所述平均分子量可为约150,000g/mol。不溶性聚硅氧烷可具有在约30nm至约10微米范围内的平均粒度。平均粒度可在例如约40nm至约5微米、约50nm至约1微米、约75nm至约500nm、或约100nm的范围内。
不溶性聚硅氧烷的平均分子量、有机硅乳剂的粘度、和包含不溶性聚硅氧烷的颗粒的尺寸由本领域技术人员常用的方法测定,诸如公开于Smith,A.L.的The AnalyticalChemistry of Silicones,John Wiley&Sons,Inc.:New York,1991中的方法。例如,有机硅乳剂的粘度可在30℃下用具有锭子6的布氏粘度计以2.5rpm测量。有机硅乳剂还可包含附加的乳化剂与阴离子表面活性剂。
适用的有机硅的其它类别包括但不限于:i)有机硅流体,包括但不限于硅油,其为如在25℃下测量的具有小于约1,000,000粘度的可流动物质;ii)氨基有机硅,其包含至少一种伯胺、仲胺或叔胺;iii)阳离子有机硅,其包含至少一个季铵官能团;iv)硅橡胶纯胶料;其包括具有如在25℃下所测量的大于或等于1,000,000csk的粘度的材料;v)有机硅树脂,其包括高度交联的聚合硅氧烷体系;vi)高折射率有机硅,其具有至少1.46的折射率,以及vii)它们的混合物。
毛发护理组合物的调理剂还可包含单独的或与其它调理剂诸如上述有机硅组合的至少一种有机调理材料诸如油或蜡。有机材料可为非聚合的、低聚的或聚合的。它可以以油或蜡的形式,并且可以纯制剂或预乳化形式添加。有机调理材料的一些非限制性示例包括但不限于:i)烃油;ii)聚烯烃;iii)脂肪酯;iv)氟化调理化合物;v)脂肪醇;vi)烷基葡糖苷和烷基葡糖苷衍生物;vii)季铵化合物;viii)具有高达约2,000,000的分子量的聚乙二醇和聚丙二醇,包括具有CTFA名称PEG-200、PEG-400、PEG-600、PEG-1000、PEG-2M、PEG-7M、PEG-14M、PEG-45M的那些、以及它们的混合物。
乳化剂
在毛发护理组合物中可使用多种阴离子和非离子乳化剂。阴离子和非离子乳化剂在性质上可为单体或聚合物。例如,单体示例包括但不限于烷基乙氧基化物、烷基硫酸盐、皂和脂肪酸酯、以及它们的衍生物。例如,聚合物示例包括但不限于聚丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇和嵌段共聚物、以及它们的衍生物。天然存在的乳化剂诸如羊毛脂、卵磷脂和木质素以及它们的衍生物也为可用乳化剂的非限制性示例。
螯合剂
毛发护理组合物还可包含螯合剂。合适的螯合剂包括hose listed in A EMartell&R M Smith的Critical Stability Constants第1卷(Plenum Press,New York&London(1974))和A E Martell&R D Hancock的Metal Complexes in Aqueous Solution(Plenum Press,New York&London(1996))中所列的那些,将两篇文献以引用方式并入本文。当涉及螯合剂时,术语“它们的盐及衍生物”是指具有与它们所涉及的螯合剂相同官能结构(例如相同化学主链)以及具有相似或更好螯合特性的盐和衍生物。该术语包括具有酸性部分的螯合剂的碱金属盐、碱土金属盐、铵盐、取代的铵(即单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇铵)盐、酯、以及它们的混合物,尤其是所有的钠盐、钾盐或铵盐。术语“衍生物”还包括“螯合表面活性剂”化合物,诸如美国专利5,284,972中示例的那些,以及包含一个或多个具有与母体螯合剂相同官能结构的螯合基团的大分子诸如美国专利5,747,440中公开的聚合物EDDS(乙二胺二琥珀酸)。
毛发护理组合物中EDDS螯合剂的含量可低至约0.01重量%或甚至高达约10重量%,但是高于更高含量(即10重量%)则可能产生制剂和/或人的安全性问题。在一个实施方案中,EDDS螯合剂的含量可为按毛发护理组合物的重量计至少约0.05重量%、至少约0.1重量%、至少约0.25重量%、至少约0.5重量%,至少约1重量%、或至少约2重量%。可使用高于约4重量%的含量,但是可能不获得附加的益处。
含水载体
所述毛发护理组合物可以为可倾倒液体的形式(环境条件下)。因此,此类组合物通常包含载体,该载体以按毛发护理组合物的重量计的约40%至约80%,或者约45%至约75%,或者约50%至约70%的含量存在。载体可包含水,或水和有机溶剂的可混溶混合物,并且在一个方面,可包含水与最小或不显著浓度的有机溶剂,除了另外作为其它必要或任选组分的微量成分附带地掺入组合物中的那些。
可用于毛发护理组合物中的载体包括水,以及低级烷基醇和多元醇的水溶液。可用于本文的低级烷基醇为具有1至6个碳的一元醇,在一个方面,为乙醇和异丙醇。可用于本文的示例性多元醇包括丙二醇、己二醇、甘油和丙烷二醇。
气溶胶泡沫分配器
气溶胶泡沫分配器可包含用于保持毛发处理组合物的贮存器。贮存器可由任何合适的材料制得,所述材料选自塑料、金属、合金、层合体、以及它们的组合。在一个实施方案中,贮存器可用于一次使用。在一个实施方案中,贮存器可从气溶胶泡沫分配器中取出。另选地,贮存器可与气溶胶泡沫分配器成一体。在一个实施方案中,可能有两个或更多个贮存器。
在一个实施方案中,贮存器可由选自刚性材料、柔性材料以及它们的组合的材料组成。当对其施加内部部分真空时,如果其在外部大气压下不塌缩,则贮存器可由刚性材料组成。
测试方法
泡沫密度
通过将100mL烧杯置于质量天平上,去除烧杯质量皮重,并且然后将产品从气溶胶容器分配到100mL烧杯中,直至泡沫体积高于容器的边沿,来测量泡沫密度。通过刮擦横跨该泡沫的刮刀,使泡沫与烧杯的顶部保持水平。然后将所得的100mL泡沫的质量除以体积(100)以确定以g/mL为单位的泡沫密度。
体内头皮沉积
根据常规洗涤方案,由专业美容师用包含去头皮屑活性物质的组合物例如根据本发明的组合物洗涤个体毛发,来测量去头皮屑活性物质的头皮上沉积。然后头皮区域上的毛发分开,以使末端开放的玻璃量筒能够保留在表面上,同时添加提取溶液的等分试样,并且搅拌,然后回收,并且由常规方法诸如HPLC分析测定去头皮屑活性物质含量。
粘度锥/板粘度测量:
制剂的粘度通过Brookfield Engineering Laboratories,Stoughton,MA的锥/板控制应力布鲁克菲尔德流变仪R/S Plus测量。使用的锥体(主轴C-75-1)具有75mm的直径和1°的角度。使用稳态流动实验,在2s-1的恒定剪切速率和26.5℃的温度下测定粘度。样品尺寸为2.5mL,并且总测量读数时间为3分钟。
制备方法
以下实施例说明了本文所述的本发明的实施方案。示例性的毛发护理组合物可通过将水、聚合物和表面活性剂连同二甲苯磺酸钠或流变改性剂一起混合到薄表面活性剂相中来制备。表面活性剂的pH值达到目标7。通过将吡啶硫酮锌和碳酸锌固体混合到中和的表面活性剂相中来分散吡啶硫酮锌和碳酸锌固体。将成分在室温下完全混合。另外的成分,包括发泡剂、电解质、有机硅乳剂、防腐剂和芳香剂可加入产品中。应当理解,在不背离本发明的实质和范围的情况下,制剂领域内的技术人员可对毛发护理组合物进行其它的改性。除非另外指明,本文中所有份数、百分比和比率均按重量计。某些组分可作为稀释溶液来自供应商。除非另外指明,所示量反映了活性材料的重量百分比。
以下实施例说明了本文所述的本发明的实施方案。除非另外指明,本文中所有份数、百分比和比率均按重量计。某些组分可作为稀释溶液来自供应商。除非另外指明,所示量反映了活性材料的重量百分比。以下表为本文所述的毛发护理组合物的非限制性实施例。
1.月桂基聚氧乙烯醚-1硫酸钠,得自Stepan Company
2.月桂基硫酸钠,得自Stepan Company
3..Amphosol HCA,得自Stepan Company
4.三羟基硬脂酸甘油酯
5.乙二醇二硬脂酸酯,得自Golschmidt化学公司
6.U2ZPT,得自Lonza
7.硫化硒,得自Eskay Fine Chemicals
8.羟甲辛吡酮,得自Clariant
9.碳酸锌,得自Bruggeman Group
10.芳香剂,得自P&G
11.Jaguar C500,得自Solvay,具有500,000g/mol的M.Wt和0.8meq/g的电荷密度
12.聚二甲基有机硅DM5500,得自Wacker Silicone
13.盐酸,得自Mallinckrodt Baker Inc.
14.防腐剂Kathon CG,得自Akzo Nobel
15.氯化钠USP(食品级),供应商Morton
16.二甲苯磺酸钠,得自Stepan Company
17.苯甲酸钠,得自Kalama Chemical
18.水,得自Misty Mountain Spring Water
19.发泡剂A46(异丁烷和丙烷)(18,Cpc International(Channahon US)
20.发泡剂HF0(反式1,3,3,3四氟丙1烯)(19),得自Honey Well
21.PEG 8聚二甲基有机硅A208(20)(MW 855),得自Siltech
22.PEG 8聚二甲基有机硅D208(20)(MW 2706),得自Siltech
结果
1)含1%ZPT和1.61%碳酸锌的去头皮屑洗发剂
结果
该表的结果表明ZPT从含有浓缩水平的ZPT的气溶胶泡沫中的平均沉积增加了近两倍。沉积的增加以液体形式对照洗发剂产品的一半重量剂量递送。此外,可观察到,相比于A和E的更低密度实施例,具有更高密度的泡沫(来自图表的实施例B和F)在基于体积递送时具有递送更多ZPT的能力。
实施例/组合
A.一种发泡组合物,所述发泡组合物包含:
i.约18%至约36%的一种或多种阴离子表面活性剂;
ii.0 0.1%至约5%的一种或多种粘度调节剂,其分子量为约38至约2800;
iii.约0.1%至约10%的去头皮屑颗粒;
iv.约1%至约10%的发泡剂,并且
其中发泡密度为约0.05g/mL至约0.25g/mL。
B.根据段落A所述的发泡组合物,其中去头皮屑沉积等于或大于0.8微克/cm2。
C.根据段落A-B所述的发泡组合物,其中泡沫密度为0.1%至0.2%。
D.根据段落A-C所述的发泡组合物,其中粘度(在25C下测量)小于9000cps。
E.根据段落A-D所述的发泡组合物,其中组合物还包含约1%至约5%的一种或多种两性/两性离子或非离子辅助表面活性剂、以及它们的混合物。
F.根据段落A-E所述的发泡组合物,其中粘度调节剂的分子量为约75至约350
G.根据段落A-F所述的发泡组合物,其中去头皮屑颗粒为约1%至约5%去头皮屑颗粒。
H.根据段落A-G所述的发泡组合物,其中发泡剂为约2%至约8%。
I.根据段落A-H所述的发泡组合物,其中组合物还包含0.1%至5%的稳定剂。
J.根据段落A-I所述的发泡组合物,其中稳定剂选自三羟基硬脂酸甘油酯、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯聚合物、以及它们的混合物。
K.根据段落A-J所述的发泡组合物,其中粘度调节剂选自乙醇、二丙二醇、二甲苯磺酸钠、氯化钠、烷氧基化有机硅/乙氧基化有机硅/丙氧基化有机硅/聚氧化乙烯有机硅/聚氧化丙烯有机硅/聚乙二醇有机硅/PEG-8有机硅/PEG-9有机硅/PEG-n有机硅/有机硅醚(n可为另一整数)、以及它们的混合物。
L.根据段落A-K所述的发泡组合物,其中去头皮屑颗粒选自吡啶硫酮盐、硫化硒、颗粒硫、以及它们的混合物。
M.根据段落A-L所述的发泡组合物,其中去头皮屑颗粒为吡啶硫酮锌。
N.根据段落A-M所述的发泡组合物,其中组合物还包含去头皮屑物质,所述去头皮屑物质选自唑、羟甲辛吡酮、以及它们的混合物,
O.根据段落A-N所述的发泡组合物,其中辅助表面活性剂选自月桂酰胺丙基甜菜碱、椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱、月桂基羟基磺基甜菜碱、月桂酰两性乙酸钠、椰油单乙醇酰胺、以及它们的混合物。
P.根据段落A-O所述的发泡组合物,其中发泡剂选自丙烷、正丁烷、异丁烷、环丙烷、以及它们的混合物,以及卤代烃诸如二氯二氟甲烷、1,1-二氯-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷、1-氯-1,1-二氟-2,2-三氟乙烷、1-氯-1,1-二氟乙烯、1,1-二氟乙烷、二甲醚、一氯二氟甲烷、反式-1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯、以及它们的混合物。
Q.根据段落A-P所述的发泡组合物,其中发泡剂选自丙烷和异丁烯、反式-1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯、以及它们的混合物,
R.根据段落A-Q所述的发泡组合物,其中组合物还包含阳离子聚合物。
S.根据段落A-R所述的发泡组合物,其中所述组合物还包含调理剂。
T.根据段落A-S所述的发泡组合物,其中调理剂为有机硅。
本文所公开的量纲和值不应理解为严格限于所引用的精确数值。相反,除非另外指明,否则每个此类量纲旨在表示所述值以及围绕该值功能上等同的范围。例如,公开为“40mm”的量纲旨在表示“约40mm”。
除非明确排除或以其它方式限制,本文中引用的每一篇文献,包括任何交叉引用或相关专利或专利申请以及本申请对其要求优先权或其有益效果的任何专利申请或专利,均据此全文以引用方式并入本文。任何文献的引用不是对其作为与本发明任何公开或本文受权利要求书保护的现有技术的认可,或对其自身或与任何其它一个或多个参考文献的组合提出、建议或公开任何此类发明的认可。此外,当本发明中术语的任何含义或定义与以引用方式并入的文件中相同术语的任何含义或定义矛盾时,应当服从在本发明中赋予该术语的含义或定义。
虽然已举例说明和描述了本发明的具体实施方案,但是对于本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是,在不脱离本发明实质和范围的情况下可作出各种其它变化和修改。因此,本文旨在于所附权利要求中涵盖属于本发明范围内的所有此类变化和修改。
Claims (15)
1.一种发泡组合物,所述发泡组合物包含:
i.18%至36%的一种或多种阴离子表面活性剂;
ii.0.1%至5%的一种或多种粘度调节剂,其分子量为38至2800;
iii.0.1%至10%的去头皮屑颗粒,优选其中所述去头皮屑颗粒为1%至5%;
iv.1%至10%的发泡剂,并且
其中所述泡沫密度为0.05g/mL至0.25g/mL。
2.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的发泡组合物,其中所述去头皮屑沉积等于或大于0.8微克/cm2。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的发泡组合物,其中所述泡沫密度为0.1%至0.2%。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的发泡组合物,其中所述粘度(在25C下测量)小于9000cps。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的发泡组合物,其中所述组合物还包含约1%至5%的一种或多种两性/两性离子或非离子辅助表面活性剂、以及它们的混合物。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的发泡组合物,其中所述粘度调节剂的分子量为75至350。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的发泡组合物,其中所述发泡剂为2%至8%。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的发泡组合物,其中所述组合物还包含0.1%至5%的稳定剂,优选其中所述稳定剂选自三羟基硬脂酸甘油酯、乙二醇二硬脂酸酯聚合物、以及它们的混合物。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的发泡组合物,其中所述粘度调节剂选自乙醇、二丙二醇、二甲苯磺酸钠、氯化钠、烷氧基化有机硅/乙氧基化有机硅/丙氧基化有机硅/聚氧化乙烯有机硅/聚氧化丙烯有机硅/聚乙二醇有机硅/PEG-8有机硅/PEG-9有机硅/PEG-n有机硅/有机硅醚(n可为另一整数)、以及它们的混合物。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的发泡组合物,其中所述去头皮屑颗粒选自吡啶硫酮盐、硫化硒、颗粒硫、以及它们的混合物,优选其中所述去头皮屑颗粒为吡啶硫酮锌。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的发泡组合物,其中所述组合物还包含去头皮屑物质,所述去头皮屑物质选自唑、羟甲辛吡酮、以及它们的混合物,
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的发泡组合物,其中所述辅助表面活性剂选自月桂酰胺丙基甜菜碱、椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱、月桂基羟基磺基甜菜碱、月桂酰两性乙酸钠、椰油单乙醇酰胺、以及它们的混合物。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的发泡组合物,其中所述发泡剂选自丙烷、正丁烷、异丁烷、环丙烷、以及它们的混合物,以及卤代烃诸如二氯二氟甲烷、1,1-二氯-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷、1-氯-1,1-二氟-2,2-三氟乙烷、1-氯-1,1-二氟乙烯、1,1-二氟乙烷、二甲醚、一氯二氟甲烷、反式-1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯、以及它们的混合物,优选其中所述发泡剂选自丙烷和异丁烯、反式-1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯、以及它们的混合物。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的发泡组合物,其中所述组合物还包含阳离子聚合物。
15.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的发泡组合物,其中所述组合物还包含调理剂,优选其中所述调理剂为有机硅。
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- 2017-03-03 CN CN201780014566.1A patent/CN108697609A/zh active Pending
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CN109843383A (zh) * | 2016-10-21 | 2019-06-04 | 宝洁公司 | 用于在最佳制剂空间中递送消费者期望的剂量体积、表面活性剂量和头皮健康剂量的泡沫剂型 |
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BR112018067494A2 (pt) | 2019-01-02 |
MX2018010551A (es) | 2018-11-09 |
EP3423031B1 (en) | 2021-09-08 |
WO2017152020A1 (en) | 2017-09-08 |
ES2893974T3 (es) | 2022-02-10 |
CA3014923C (en) | 2021-10-19 |
US11446217B2 (en) | 2022-09-20 |
BR112018067494B1 (pt) | 2022-05-10 |
JP2019505546A (ja) | 2019-02-28 |
EP3423031A1 (en) | 2019-01-09 |
JP6813586B2 (ja) | 2021-01-13 |
CA3014923A1 (en) | 2017-09-08 |
US20170252273A1 (en) | 2017-09-07 |
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