CN107259647B - 加热可点燃抽吸材料 - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
- A24F40/70—Manufacture
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F7/00—Mouthpieces for pipes; Mouthpieces for cigar or cigarette holders
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- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
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- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
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Abstract
一种包括可点燃抽吸材料加热器的设备,可点燃抽吸材料加热器被配置成将可点燃抽吸材料的第一区域加热到足以使可点燃抽吸材料的组分挥发的挥发温度并且同时加热可点燃抽吸材料的第二区域到低于所述挥发温度但足以防止可点燃抽吸材料的挥发组分冷凝的温度。还描述了一种加热可点燃抽吸材料的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及加热可点燃抽吸材料。
背景技术
诸如香烟和雪茄这样的点燃抽吸制品在使用期间燃烧烟草来形成烟草烟雾。已做出尝试通过形成在不形成烟草烟雾的情况下释放化合物的产品来提供这些点燃抽吸制品的替代。这样的产品的示例为所谓的热不燃产品,其通过加热而不是燃烧烟草来释放化合物。
发明内容
根据本发明,提供一种包括可点燃抽吸材料加热器的设备,该可点燃抽吸材料加热器被配置成将可点燃抽吸材料的第一区域加热到足以使可点燃抽吸材料的组分挥发的挥发温度、并且同时加热可点燃抽吸材料的第二区域到低于挥发温度但足以防止可点燃抽吸材料的挥发组分冷凝的温度。
该设备可被配置成独立于可点燃抽吸材料的第二区域的温度来控制可点燃抽吸材料的第一区域的温度。
加热器可包括多个加热区域,包括被布置成对可点燃抽吸材料的第一区域加热的第一加热区域、和被布置成同时对可点燃抽吸材料的第二区域加热的第二加热区域。
多个加热区域可单独地和独立地操作以同时加热可点燃抽吸材料的不同区域到不同温度。
该设备可被配置成使第一加热区域将可点燃抽吸材料的第一区域加热到所述挥发温度并且使第二加热区域同时将可点燃抽吸材料的第二区域加热到所述较低温度。
随后,设备可被配置成使第一加热区域将可点燃抽吸材料的第一区域加热到所述较低温度并且使第二加热区域同时将可点燃抽吸材料的第二区域加热到所述挥发温度。
随后,该设备可被配置成使第三加热区域加热可点燃抽吸材料的第三区域到所述挥发温度并且使第一加热区域/或第二加热区域加热可点燃抽吸材料的第一区域和/或第二区域到所述较低温度。
该设备可被配置成连续地加热可点燃抽吸材料的不同区域到所述挥发温度,同时将并未被加热到所述挥发温度的可点燃抽吸材料的区域加热到所述较低温度以防止挥发的组分冷凝。
该设备可包括:可点燃抽吸材料加热腔室,其用来在加热期间容纳可点燃抽吸材料。
加热腔室可邻近于加热器定位。
较低温度可防止加热腔室中挥发组分的冷凝。
该设备可包括:烟嘴,可通过它来吸入可点燃抽吸材料的挥发的组分。
挥发温度可以是100摄氏度或更高。
较低温度可小于100摄氏度。
根据本发明,提供一种制造设备的方法。
根据本发明,提供一种加热可点燃抽吸材料的方法,包括:加热可点燃抽吸材料的第一区域到挥发温度以使可点燃抽吸材料的至少一种组分挥发来用于吸入;以及,同时加热可点燃抽吸材料的第二区域到低于挥发温度但足以防止可点燃抽吸材料的挥发组分冷凝的温度。
附图说明
仅出于示例性目的,在下文中参考附图来描述本发明的实施例,在附图中:
图1为被配置成加热可点燃抽吸材料以从可点燃抽吸材料释放芳香化合物和/或尼古丁的设备的透视、局部剖视图;
图2为被配置成加热可点燃抽吸材料的设备的图,其中加热器位于可点燃抽吸材料加热腔室外部以便在径向向内方向提供热来加热其中的可点燃抽吸材料;
图3为被配置成加热可点燃抽吸材料的设备的透视、局部透视图,其中可点燃抽吸材料设置于细长陶瓷加热器的周围,细长陶瓷加热器被分成径向加热部段;
图4为被配置成加热可点燃抽吸材料的设备的分解、局部剖视图,其中,可点燃抽吸材料设置于细长陶瓷加热器的周围,细长陶瓷材料被分成径向加热部段;
图5为被配置成加热可点燃抽吸材料的设备的透视、局部剖视图,其中可点燃抽吸材料设置于细长红外加热器周围;
图6为被配置成加热可点燃抽吸材料的设备的分解、局部剖视图,其中,可点燃抽吸材料设置于细长红外加热器周围;
图7为被配置成加热可点燃抽吸材料的设备的部分的示意图,其中,可点燃抽吸材料设置于多个纵向细长的加热部段周围,多个纵向细长的加热部段围绕中心纵向轴线间隔开;
图8为被配置成加热可点燃抽吸材料的设备的部分的透视图,其中可点燃抽吸材料的区域设置于成对的直立加热板之间;
图9为图7所示的设备的透视图,其中,额外地示出了外壳体;
图10为被配置成加热可点燃抽吸材料的设备的部分的分解图,其中,可点燃抽吸材料的区域设置于成对的直立加热板之间;
图11为示出在抽吸期间启动加热区域并且打开和关闭加热腔室阀的方法的流程图;
图12为通过被配置成加热可点燃抽吸材料的设备的气体流动的示意图;
图13为可使用加热器来加热可点燃抽吸材料的加热模式的图解说明;
图14为被配置成使受加热的可点燃抽吸材料绝热以避免热损失的真空绝热物的一部段的示意截面图;
图15为被配置成使受加热的可点燃抽吸材料绝热以避免热损失的真空绝热物的一部段的另一示意纵截面图;
图16为热阻热桥的示意截面图,其沿循从较高温度绝热壁到较低温度绝热壁的间接路径;
图17为热屏蔽件和透热窗口的示意截面图,热屏蔽件和透热窗口可相对于可点燃抽吸材料的主体而移动来选择性地允许热能通过窗口传递到可点燃抽吸材料的不同部段;以及
图18为被配置成加热可点燃抽吸材料的设备的部分的示意截面图,其中可由止回阀来气密地密封加热腔室。
具体实施方式
如本文所用的术语“可点燃抽吸材料”包括在加热时提供挥发组分的任何材料并且包括任何含烟草的材料,并且可例如包括烟草、烟草衍生物、膨胀烟草、重组烟草或烟草替代品中的一个或多个。
用于加热可点燃抽吸材料的设备1包括能源2、加热器3和加热腔室4。能源2可包括电池,诸如Li离子电池、Ni电池、碱性电池和/或类似物,并且电联接到加热器3以在需要时向加热器3供应电能。加热腔室4被配置成接纳可点燃抽吸材料5使得可点燃抽吸材料5可在加热腔室4中被加热。加热腔室4邻近于加热器3定位使得来自加热器3的热能加热其中的可点燃抽吸材料5以使可点燃抽吸材料5中的芳香化合物和尼古丁挥发,而不燃烧可点燃抽吸材料5。设置烟嘴6,设备1的用户可在使用设备1期间通过烟嘴6吸入挥发的化合物。可点燃抽吸材料5可包括烟草掺混物。
加热器3可包括基本上圆柱形细长加热器3并且加热腔室4可位于加热器3的纵向外表面的外部或内部。例如,参考图1,加热腔室4可位于加热器3的周向、纵向表面的外侧。加热腔室4和可点燃抽吸材料5因此可包括围绕加热器3的同轴层。
替代地,参考图2,加热腔室4可位于加热器3的纵向表面内部使得加热腔室4包括在加热表面内部的芯或其它腔体。如将从下文的讨论显然,可替代地使用加热器3和加热腔室4的其它形状和配置。
壳体7可容纳设备1的部件,诸如能源2和加热器2。壳体7可包括近似圆柱形管,其中能源2朝向其第一端8定位,并且加热器3和加热腔室4朝向其相反的第二端9定位。能源2和加热器3沿着壳体7的纵向轴线延伸。例如,如图1和图2所示,能源2和加热器3可沿着壳体7的中心纵向轴线以基本上端对端布置而对准,使得能源2的端面基本上面对加热器3的端面。绝热物可设置于能源2与加热器3之间以防止从一个到另一个的直接传热。
壳体7的长度可为约130 mm,能源的长度可为约59 mm,并且加热器3加热区域4的长度可为约50 mm。壳体7的直径可在约9 mm与约18 mm之间。例如,壳体第一端8的直径可在15 mm与18 mm之间,而烟嘴6在壳体第二端9处的直径可在9 mm与15 mm之间。加热器3的直径可在约2.0 mm与约13.0 mm之间,取决于加热器的配置。例如,位于加热腔室4外部的加热器3,诸如图2所示的加热器3,可具有在约9.0mm与约13.0mm之间的直径,而位于加热腔室4内部的加热器3的直径,诸如图1所示的加热器3,可在约2.0mm与约4.5mm之间,诸如在约4.0mm与约4.5mm之间或在约2.0mm与约3.0mm之间。可替代地使用在这些范围之外的加热器直径。加热腔室4的直径可在约5.0mm与约10.0mm之间。例如,位于加热器3外部的加热腔室4,诸如图1所示的加热腔室4,可在其朝向外的表面处具有约10mm的外径,而位于加热器3内部的加热腔室4,诸如图2所示的加热腔室4,可具有在约5mm与约8.0mm之间的直径,诸如在约3.0mm与约6.0mm之间。能源2的直径可在约14.0mm与约15.0mm之间,诸如14.6mm,但同样可使用能源2的其它直径。
烟嘴6可位于壳体7的第二端9处,邻近于加热腔室4和可点燃抽吸材料5处。壳体7适合于由使用者在使用设备1期间抓握使得使用者能从设备1的烟嘴6吸入挥发的可点燃抽吸材料化合物。
加热器3可包括陶瓷加热器3,其示例在图1至图4中示出。陶瓷加热器3可例如包括氧化铝和/或氮化硅的基础陶瓷,其被层压和烧结。
替代地,参考图5和图6,加热器3可包括红外(IR)加热器3,诸如卤素-IR灯3。IR加热器3可具有低质量并且因此其使用可帮助减小设备1的总质量。例如,IR加热器的质量可小于具有等效加热功率输出的陶瓷加热器3质量的20%至30%。IR加热器3还具有低热惯性并且因此能响应于启动刺激很快速地加热可点燃抽吸材料5。IR加热器3可被配置成发射在大约700nm与4.5μm波长之间的IR电磁辐射。另一替代方案是使用电阻加热器3,诸如在绝热物18(在下文中进一步提及)的壁上沉积的陶瓷绝热层上缠绕的电阻线。
如上文所指示和在图1中所示,加热器3可位于壳体7的中央区域中并且加热腔室4和可点燃抽吸材料5可位于加热器3的纵向表面周围。在此布置中,由加热器3发射的热能可从加热器3的纵向表面在径向方向向外行进到加热腔室4和可点燃抽吸材料5内。替代地,如图2所示,加热器3可朝向壳体7的外围定位并且加热腔室4和可点燃抽吸材料5可位于壳体7的中央区域中,壳体7的中央区域在加热器3的纵向表面内部。在此布置中,由加热器3发射的热能从加热器3的纵向表面在径向方向上向内行进到加热腔室4和可点燃抽吸材料5内。
加热器3包括多个单独的加热区域10,如图2和图3所示。加热区域10可独立于彼此操作使得可以在不同的时间启动不同的区域10以加热可点燃抽吸材料5。加热区域10可以以任何几何布置来布置于加热器3中。但是在附图所示的示例中,加热区域10在几何上布置于加热器3中使得加热区域10中的不同加热区域被布置成主要地并且独立地加热可点燃抽吸材料5的不同区域。
例如,参考图2和图3,加热器3可包括呈基本上细长布置的多个轴向对准的加热区域10。
区域10可各自包括加热器10的单独元件。加热区域10可例如全都沿着加热器3的纵向轴线彼此对准,从而提供沿着加热器3长度的多个独立加热区。每个加热区域10可包括具有有限长度的加热圆柱(heating cylinder)10,该有限长度显著地小于加热器3的总长度。圆柱10可包括实心圆盘,其中每个圆盘具有等于上文所提到的圆柱长度的深度。这样的示例在图3中示出。替代地,圆柱10可包括空心环,其示例在图2中示出。在此情况下,轴向对准的加热区域10的布置限定加热腔室4的外部并且被配置成向内,主要朝向腔室4的中心纵向轴线施加热。加热区域10被布置成它们的径向或另外横向表面沿着加热器3的长度朝向彼此。每个区域10的横向表面可触碰其相邻区域10的横向表面。
替代地,每个区域10的横向表面可与其(多个)相邻区域10的横向表面分隔。绝热物18可存在于这样的分隔的加热区域10之间,如在下文中更详细地讨论。在图2中示出了这样的示例。
以此方式,当启动加热区域10中的特定区域时,其向位于该加热区域10径向内部或外部的可点燃抽吸材料5供应热能,而不会显著地加热所述可点燃抽吸材料5的其余部分。例如,参考图3,可点燃抽吸材料5的受热区域可包括位于已启动的加热区域10周围的可点燃抽吸材料5的环。因此可点燃抽吸材料5可在独立的部段例如环或芯部段中被加热,其中每个部段对应于位于加热区域10的特定区域直接内部或外部的可点燃抽吸材料5并且具有显著地小于可点燃抽吸材料5整个主体的质量和体积。
在另一替代配置中,参考图7,加热器3可包括位于加热器3的中心纵向轴线周围不同位置的多个细长的、纵向延伸的加热区域10。尽管在图7中被图示为具有不同长度,纵向延伸的加热区域10可具有基本上相同的长度使得每一个沿着加热器3的基本上总长度延伸。每个加热区域10可包括例如单独的IR加热元件10,诸如IR加热丝10。可选地,绝热物或热反射材料的主体可沿着加热器3的中心纵向轴线设置使得由每个加热区域10发出的热能主要从加热器3向外行进到加热腔室4内并且因此加热可点燃抽吸材料5。在加热器3的中心纵向轴线与加热区域10中每一个之间的距离可基本上相等。加热区域10可选地容纳于基本上红外和/或透热管或形成加热器3的纵向表面的其它壳体中。加热区域10可相对于管内侧的其它加热区域10固定就位。
以此方式,当启动加热区域10中的特定区域时,其向邻近于该加热区域10定位的可点燃抽吸材料5供应热能而不会显著地加热可点燃抽吸材料5的其余部分。可点燃抽吸材料5的受热部段可包括与纵向加热区域10平行并且直接相邻的可点燃抽吸材料5的纵向部段。因此,如同先前的示例,可点燃抽吸材料5可以在独立的部段中被加热。
如将在下文中进一步描述,加热区域10可各单独地并且选择性地被启动。
可点燃抽吸材料5可包括于筒11中,筒11可插入于加热腔室4内。例如,如图1所示,筒11可包括可点燃抽吸材料管11,可点燃抽吸材料管11可围绕加热器3插入使得可点燃抽吸材料管11的内表面朝向加热器3的纵向表面。可点燃抽吸材料管11可为空心的。管11的中空中心的直径可基本上等于或略大于加热器3的直径,使得管11紧密装配于加热器3周围。替代地,参考图2,筒11可包括可点燃抽吸材料5的基本上实心的棒,其能插入于位于加热器3的内部的加热腔室4内使得棒11的外纵向表面朝向加热器3的内纵向表面。筒11的长度可近似等于加热器3的长度使得加热器3可沿着筒11的总长度加热筒11。
在加热器3的另一替代配置中,加热器3包括螺旋形状的加热器3。螺旋形状的加热器3可被配置成旋拧到可点燃抽吸材料筒11内并且可包括相邻的轴向对准的加热区域10以便以与上文参考图1至图3所讨论的线性细长加热器3所描述的基本上相同的方式操作。
替代地,参考图8、图9和图10,可以使用加热器3和可点燃抽吸材料5的不同几何配置。更特定而言,加热器3可包括直接延伸到细长加热腔室4内的多个加热区域10,细长加热腔室4由加热区域10分成若干部段。在使用期间,加热区域10直接延伸到细长可点燃抽吸材料筒11内或可点燃抽吸材料5的其它基本上实心主体内。在加热腔室4中的可点燃抽吸材料5因此被分成由间隔开的加热区域10彼此分隔的离散部段。加热器3、加热腔室4和可点燃抽吸材料5可沿着壳体7的中心纵向轴线一起延伸。如图8和图10所示,加热区域10可各包括伸入到可点燃抽吸材料5的主体内的突出部10,诸如直立加热板10。突出部10在下文中在加热板10的情形下讨论,加热板10的主要平面可基本上垂直于可点燃抽吸材料5和加热腔室4和/或壳体7的主体的主纵向轴线。加热板10可彼此平行,如图8和图10所示。可点燃抽吸材料5的每个部段由位于可点燃抽吸材料部段的任一侧的一对加热板10的主加热表面界定,使得启动加热板10中的一个或两个将造成热能直接传到可点燃抽吸材料5内。加热表面可被压纹以增加加热板10抵对着可点燃抽吸材料5的表面积。可选地,每个加热板10可包括热反射层,其沿着其主平面将板10分成两个半件。板10的每个半件因此可构成单独加热区域10并且可被独立启动以仅加热直接抵靠该板10的半件定位的可点燃抽吸材料5的部段,而不是位于板10两侧上的可点燃抽吸材料5。相邻板10,或其的面对的部分,可被启动以从可点燃抽吸材料5的部段的基本上相对侧而加热位于相邻板之间的可点燃抽吸材料5的部段。
细长可点燃抽吸材料筒或主体11可安装于加热腔室4与加热板10之间,且通过移除在壳体的第二端9处的壳体的部段而从加热腔室4和加热板10移除,如先前所描述的那样。可单独地并且选择性地启动加热区域10以根据需要来加热可点燃抽吸材料5的不同部段。
以此方式,当启动一个或成对加热区域10时,其向与(多个)加热区域10直接相邻定位的可点燃抽吸材料5供应热能,而不会显著地加热可点燃抽吸材料5的其余部分。可点燃抽吸材料5的受热部段可包括位于加热区域10之间的可点燃抽吸材料5的径向部段,如在图8至图10中所示。
设备1的壳体7可包括开口,筒11可通过开口插入于加热腔室4内。开口可例如包括位于壳体第二端9处的开口使得筒11能滑入到开口内并且直接推入到加热腔室4内。开口优选地在使用设备1期间被关闭以加热可点燃抽吸材料5。替代地,在第二端9处的壳体7的一部段可从设备1移除使得可点燃抽吸材料5可插入于加热腔室4内。在图10中示出了这样的示例。该设备1可选地配备使用者可操作的可点燃抽吸材料弹出单元,诸如被配置成将用过的可点燃抽吸材料5离开和/或远离加热器3滑动的内部机构。用过的可点燃抽吸材料5可例如通过在壳体7中的开口被推回。然后可根据需要插入新筒11。
绝热物18可设置于可点燃抽吸材料5与壳体7的外表面19之间。绝热物减少了从设备1的热损失并且因此改进了可点燃抽吸材料5被加热的效率。参考图14,绝热物18可包括真空绝热物18。例如,绝热物18可包括由诸如金属材料这样的壁材料19界定的层。绝热物18的内部区域或芯20可包括开孔的多孔性材料,例如包括聚合物、气溶胶或其它合适材料,其被抽空到较低压力。绝热物18的内部区域20被配置成吸收可能在区域20内侧生成的气体从而维持真空状态。在内部区域20中的压力可在0.1毫巴至0.001毫巴的范围。绝热物18的壁19足够强以耐受由于在芯20与壁19外表面之间的压差向其施加的力,从而防止绝热物18收缩。壁19可例如包括厚度为大约100μm的不锈钢壁19。绝热物18的导热率可在0.004至0.005W/mK的范围。绝热物18的传热系数可在约100摄氏度与250摄氏度之间的范围内,诸如在约150摄氏度与约250摄氏度之间的范围内可在约1.10 W/(m2K)与约1.40 W/(m2K)之间。可忽略绝热物18的气体传导率。反射性涂层可施加到壁材料19的内表面以最小化由于通过绝热物18传播的辐射所造成的热损失。涂层可例如包括具有在约0.3μm与1.0μm之间厚度的铝IR反射性涂层。内芯区域20的抽空状态表示即使当芯区域20的厚度很小时绝热物18起作用。绝热性质基本上不受其厚度的影响。这帮助减小设备1的总大小,特别地直径。
如图14所示,壁19包括朝向内的部段21和朝向外的部段22。朝向内的部段21基本上朝向可点燃抽吸材料5和加热腔室4。朝向外的部段22基本上朝向壳体7的外部。在设备1操作期间,朝向内的部段21可能由于源自加热器3的热能而更温热,而朝向外的部段22由于绝热物18的效果而更冷。朝向内的部段21和朝向外的部段22可都包括基本上在纵向延伸的壁19,其至少与加热器3和加热腔室4一样长。朝向外的壁部段22的内表面,即,朝向抽空的芯区域20的表面,可包括涂层,以用于吸收在芯20中的气体。合适的涂层为氧化钛膜。
如图2所示,绝热物18主体的总长度可大于加热腔室4和加热器3的长度以便进一步减小从设备1向壳体7外侧气氛的热损失。例如,绝热物18可在约70mm与约80mm之间。
参考图14和图15的示意图,热桥23可在绝热物18的端部处连接朝向内的壁部段21与朝向外的壁部段22以便完全围绕并且容纳低压芯20。热桥23可包括与朝向内的部段21和朝向外的部段22相同材料形成的壁19。合适材料为不锈钢,如先前所讨论的那样。热桥23具有比绝热芯20更大的热导率并且与芯20相比,因此具有不当地将热从设备1传导出来的更大的可能性并且因此降低了加热可点燃抽吸材料5的效率。
为了减少由于热桥23造成的热损失,热桥23可以延伸以增加其对于从朝向内的部段21到朝向外的部段22的热流动的阻力。这在图16中示意性地示出。例如,热桥23可沿循在壁19的朝向内的部段21与壁19的朝向外的部段22之间的间接路径。热桥23存在于设备1中不存在加热器3和加热腔室4的纵向位置处。这意味着热桥23沿着间接路径从朝向内的部段21向朝向外的部段22逐渐地延伸,从而将芯20的厚度减小为在壳体7中不存在加热器3、加热腔室4和可点燃抽吸材料5的纵向位置处的零,从而进一步限制了从设备1出来的热传导。
如在上文中参考图2所提及的那样,加热器3可与绝热物18整合。例如,绝热物18可包括基本上细长的空心主体,诸如绝热物18的基本上圆柱形管,其定位成围绕加热腔室4为同轴的并且加热区域10整合到其内。绝热物18可在朝向内的表面轮廓21中包括其中设有凹部的层。加热区域10位于这些凹部中使得加热区域10朝向加热腔室4中的可点燃抽吸材料5。朝向加热腔室4的加热区域10的表面可以在并不凹入的绝热物18区域中与绝热物18的内侧表面21齐平。
整合加热器3与绝热物18意味着加热区域10基本上在除了向内朝向可点燃抽吸材料加热腔室4的那些侧部之外的加热腔室10的所有侧部上由绝热物18包围。因此,由加热器3发出的热在可点燃抽吸材料5中集中并且并未耗散到设备1的其它部分或壳体7外侧的气氛内。
与单独于绝热物18并且在绝热物18的内部提供加热器3相比,加热器3与绝热物18整合也减小了加热器3与绝热物18的组合的厚度。这可允许减小设备1的直径,特别地壳体7的外径,得到适宜大小的纤细产品。
替代地,与其中加热器3为单独的并且定位于绝热物18的层内部的装置相比,通过整合加热器3与绝热物18而提供的厚度减小可允许更宽的可点燃抽吸材料加热腔室4容纳于设备1中或者引入另外的部件,而不会造成壳体7的总宽度的任何增加。
整合加热器3与绝热物18的益处在于与其中不整合加热器与绝热物的装置相比,能减小加热器3与绝热物18的组合的大小和重量。减小加热器大小允许相对应地减小壳体的直径。减小加热器重量继而减小了加热斜坡上升时间且从而缩短了设备1的温热时间。
作为绝热物18的补充或替代,热反射层可存在于加热区域10的横向表面之间。加热区域10相对于彼此的布置可使得从加热区域10中每一个发出的热能并不显著地加热相邻的加热区域10而是替代地主要行进到加热腔室4和可点燃抽吸材料5内。每个加热区域10可与其它区域10的尺寸基本上相同。
设备1可包括控制器12,诸如微控制器12,其被配置成控制设备1的操作。控制器12电连接到设备1的其它部件,诸如能源2和加热器3使得其能通过收发信号来控制其操作。控制器12特别地被配置成控制加热器3的启动来加热可点燃抽吸材料5。例如,控制器12可被配置成启动加热器3,加热器3可包括响应于使用者在设备1的烟嘴6上抽吸来选择性地启动一个或多个加热区域10。就此而言,控制器12可经由合适的通信联接与抽吸传感器13通信。抽吸传感器13被配置成检测在烟嘴6处何时发生抽吸,并且响应地,被配置成向控制器12发送指示抽吸的信号。可使用电子信号。控制器12可通过启动加热器3并且因此加热可点燃抽吸材料5而对于来自抽吸传感器13的信号做出响应。但使用抽吸传感器13来启动加热器3并非重要的并且可替代地使用提供刺激以启动加热器3的其它器件,诸如使用者可操作的促动器。然后在加热期间释放的挥发的化合物可由使用者通过烟嘴6吸入。控制器12可位于壳体7内的任何合适位置处。示例位置在能源2与加热器3/加热腔室4之间,如在图4中所示。
控制器12可被配置成以预定次序或模式启动或另外造成单独加热区域10的温热。例如,控制器12可被配置成沿着或围绕加热腔室4依序启动加热区域10。加热区域10的每次启动可响应于由抽吸传感器13检测到抽吸或者可以以替代的方式被触发,诸如在启动了先前加热区域10之后经过了预定时段或者在初始启动加热器(例如,启动第一区域)之后经过了预定时段,如在下文中进一步描述。
参考图11,示例加热方法可包括:第一步骤S1,其中检测到启动刺激,诸如第一次抽吸;之后为第二步骤S2,其中,响应于启动刺激而加热可点燃抽吸材料5的第一部段。在第三步骤S3中,可打开气密地密封的入口阀和出口阀24以允许抽入空气通过加热腔室4并且通过烟嘴6从设备1出来。在第四步骤,关闭阀24。在下文中关于图2和图18更详细地描述这些阀24。在第五步骤S5、第六步骤S6、第七步骤S7和第八步骤S8中,可例如响应于另一启动刺激诸如第二抽吸来加热可点燃抽吸材料5的第二部段,相对应地打开和关闭加热腔室入口和出口阀24。在第九步骤S9、第十步骤S10、第十一步骤S11和第十二步骤S12中可例如响应于另一启动刺激诸如第三抽吸来加热可点燃抽吸材料5的第三部段,相对应地打开和关闭加热腔室入口和出口阀24,以此类推。可替代地使用除了抽吸传感器13之外的器件。例如,设备1的使用者可促动控制开关以指示他/她进行新的抽吸。
以此方式,对于每次新的抽吸或者响应于从可点燃抽吸材料5的先前的受热部段释放给定量的特定组分,诸如尼古丁和/或芳香化合物,可加热可点燃抽吸材料5的新鲜部段来挥发尼古丁和方向化合物。加热区域10和/或可点燃抽吸材料5的可独立地加热的部段的数量可对应于筒11预期被使用的抽吸数量。替代地,每个可独立加热的可点燃抽吸材料部段5可由其(多个)相对应加热区域10加热用于多次抽吸,诸如两次、三次或四次抽吸,使得在加热先前的可点燃抽吸材料部段时仅在已进行了多次抽吸之后加热可点燃抽吸材料5的新鲜部段。
如在上文中简要地提到的那样,作为响应于单独抽吸而启动每个加热区域10的替代,加热区域10可替代地被依序移动,例如在预定使用时段,一个接着一个。这可响应于初始启动刺激诸如在烟嘴6处的单个初始抽吸而发生。例如,对于特定可点燃抽吸材料筒11而言,加热区域10可以在预期的吸入时段以有规律的预定间隔启动。预定的间隔可对应于从每个可点燃抽吸的材料部段释放给定量的特定组分诸如尼古丁和/或芳香化合物所用的时段。示例间隔在约60秒与240秒之间。因此,至少在图11中示出的第五步骤S5和第九步骤S9为可选的。每个加热区域10可持续启动预定时段,预定时段可对应于上文所提及的间隔的持续时间或者可更长,如下文所描述的那样。一旦已启动了所有加热区域10用于特定筒11,控制器12可被配置成向使用者指示筒11应被更换。控制器12可例如启动在壳体7的外表面处的指示灯。
应意识到依序启动单独加热区域10而不是启动整个加热器3意味着与若加热器3在筒11的整个吸入时段完全启动将会所需的能量相比,减小了加热可点燃抽吸材料5所需的能量。
因此,也减小了能源2的最大所需功率输出。这意味着更小和更轻的能源2可安装于设备1中。
控制器12可被配置成在抽吸之间停用加热器3或减小供应给加热器3的功率。这节省了能量并且延长了能源2的寿命。例如,在使用者接通设备1时或响应于某些其它刺激,诸如检测到使用者将其嘴放置于烟嘴6上时,控制器12可被配置成造成加热器3或下一加热区域10用来加热可点燃抽吸材料5,以部分地启动使得其加热准备使可点燃抽吸材料5的组分挥发。部分启动并未将可点燃抽吸材料5加热到足以挥发尼古丁的温度。合适温度可为100℃或更低,但可使用低于120℃的温度。示例是温度在60℃与100℃之间,诸如在80℃与100℃之间的温度。温度可小于100℃。响应于抽吸传感器13检测到抽吸或者某些其它刺激诸如经过了预定时段,控制器12然后可使相关加热器3或加热区域10进一步加热可点燃抽吸材料5以便快速地挥发尼古丁和其它芳香化合物以供使用者吸入。与若加热区域10‘冷’起动(即,并未被部分地加热)的情况相比,部分地受加热的加热区域10的温度可以在更短的时段内升高到完全挥发温度。
如果可点燃抽吸材料5包括烟草,用于使尼古丁和其它芳香化合物挥发的合适温度可为100℃更高,诸如120℃或更高。一示例为在100℃与250℃之间的温度,诸如在约100℃与220℃之间,在100℃与200℃之间,在150℃与250℃之间或者在130℃与180℃之间。温度可超过100℃。示例完全启动温度为150℃,但其它值诸如250℃也是可能的。超级电容器可选地用于提供用来将可点燃抽吸材料5加热到挥发温度的峰值电流。合适加热模式的示例在图13中示出,其中峰值可分别表示完全启动不同的加热区域10。可以看出,可点燃抽吸材料5维持在挥发温度持续接近抽吸周期的时段,在此示例中,其为两秒。
在下文中讨论加热器3的三种示例操作模式。
在第一操作模式,在特定加热区域10完全启动期间,停用加热器的所有其它加热区域10。因此,当启动新加热区域10时,停用先前的加热区域。
功率仅供应给启动的区域10。可沿着加热器3的长度依序启动加热区域10使得尼古丁和芳香化合物有规律地从可点燃抽吸材料5的新鲜部分释放直到筒11用尽。这种模式提供比完全启动所有加热区域10持续筒11的加热时段/周期更均匀的尼古丁和可点燃抽吸材料香味递送。如同下文所描述的其它方式,通过不完全启动全部加热区域10持续可点燃抽吸材料筒11的加热时段也节省了功率。
替代地,在第二操作模式,在一旦已启动了特定加热区域10的情况下,其保持完全启动直到关掉加热器3。因此,在从筒11吸入期间,随着更多的加热区域10被启动,供应给加热器3的功率递增地增加。在整个腔室4中继续启动加热区域10基本上防止从可点燃抽吸材料5挥发的诸如尼古丁的组分在加热腔室4中冷凝。
替代地,在第三操作模式,在完全启动特定加热区域10期间,其它加热区域10中的一个或多个可被部分地启动。部分地启动一个或多个其它加热区域10可包括加热其它(多个)加热区域10到足以基本上防止从可点燃抽吸材料5挥发的诸如尼古丁的材料在加热腔室4中冷凝。一示例为100℃。其它示例包括先前所提到的部分启动温度的范围。被部分地启动的加热区域10的温度小于完全启动的加热区域10的温度。邻近于部分地启动的区域10定位的可点燃抽吸材料10并未被加热到足以使可点燃抽吸材料5的组分挥发的温度。例如,在完全启动新加热区域10时,先前完全启动的加热区域10被部分地但并未完全地停用,以便在较低温度继续加热其相邻可点燃抽吸材料5并且因此防止挥发的组分在加热腔室4中冷凝。在完全启动一个或多个其它加热区域10期间保持先前的或任何其它的加热区域10处于部分而非完全启动的状态防止了邻近于完全启动区域10的可点燃抽吸材料5变得被过度烘烤并且因此防止对设备1的使用者所经历香味的可能不利影响。
对于上文所提到的替代方案中的任一方案而言,可在启动之后立即将加热区域10加热到完全操作温度或者可如先前所讨论的那样最初被加热到较低温度,之后在预定时段后被完全启动以加热可点燃抽吸材料5使尼古丁和其它芳香化合物挥发。
设备1可包括位于加热器3与加热腔室4/可点燃抽吸材料5之间的热屏蔽件3a。热屏蔽件3a被配置成显著地防止热能通过热屏蔽件3a流动并且因此可用来选择性地防止可点燃抽吸材料5被加热,即使在加热器3启动并且发出热能时。参考图17,热屏蔽件3a可例如包括热反射性材料的圆柱形层,其围绕加热器3同轴定位。替代地,如果加热器3定位于加热腔室4和可点燃抽吸材料5周围,如先前关于图2所描述的那样,热屏蔽件3a可包括围绕加热腔室4同轴定位和在加热器3的同轴内侧的热反射性材料的圆柱形层。热屏蔽件3a可额外地或替代地包括绝热层,绝热层被配置成使加热器3与可点燃抽吸材料5绝热。
热屏蔽件3a包括基本上透热的窗口3b,基本上透热的窗口3b允许热能通过窗口3b传播到加热腔室4和可点燃抽吸材料5内。因此,与窗口3b对准的可点燃抽吸材料5的部段被加热,而可点燃抽吸材料5的其余部分不被加热。热屏蔽件3a和窗口3b可相对于可点燃抽吸材料5旋转或以其它方式移动使得可通过旋转或移动热屏蔽件3a和3b来选择性地并且单独地加热可点燃抽吸材料5的不同部段。效果可类似于先前所提及的通过选择性地并且单独地启动加热区域10所提供的效果。例如,热屏蔽件3a和窗口3b可响应于来自抽吸检测器13的信号而递增地旋转或以其它方式移动。作为补充或作为替代,热屏蔽件3a和窗口3b可响应于已经过的预定加热时段而递增地旋转或以其它方式移动。热屏蔽件3a和窗口3b的移动或旋转可受到来自控制器12的电子信号控制。可在控制器12的控制下,由步进马达3c驱动热屏蔽件3a/窗口3b和可点燃抽吸材料5的相对旋转或其它移动。这在图17中示出。
替代地,热屏蔽件3a和窗口3b可使用诸如在壳体7上的促动器的使用者控件而手动地旋转。热屏蔽件3a无需为圆柱形并且可选地包括一个或多个合适定位的纵向延伸元件和/或板。
将意识到通过相对于加热器3、热屏蔽件3a和窗口3b来旋转或移动可点燃抽吸材料5可以获得类似结果。例如,加热腔室4可围绕加热器3旋转。如果是这种情况,上文关于热屏蔽件3a的描述可替代地适用于加热腔室4相对于热屏蔽件3a的移动。
热屏蔽件3a可包括了在加热器3的纵向表面上的涂层。在此情况下,加热器表面的一区域保持未涂布以形成透热窗口3b。加热器3可旋转或以其它方式移动,例如在控制器12或使用者控件的控制下,以造成可点燃抽吸材料5的不同部段被加热。替代地,热屏蔽件3a和窗口3b可包括单独的屏蔽件3a,单独的屏蔽件3a可在控制器12或其它使用者控件的控制下相对于加热器3和可点燃抽吸材料5旋转或以其它方式移动。
参考图7,设备1可包括空气入口14,在抽吸期间,空气入口14允许外部空气被抽入到壳体7内并且经过被加热的可点燃抽吸材料5。空气入口14可包括在壳体7中的孔口14并且可位于可点燃抽吸材料5和加热腔室4上游,朝向壳体7的第一端8。这在图2、图12和图18中示出。通过入口14抽入的空气行进通过被加热的可点燃抽吸材料5并且在其中加入可点燃抽吸材料蒸气,诸如芳香蒸气,之后通过出口阀24并且由使用者在烟嘴6处吸入。可选地,如图12所示,设备1可包括热交换器15,热交换器15被配置成在空气进入可点燃抽吸材料5之前温热空气和/或在其通过烟嘴6抽入之前冷却空气。例如,热交换器15可被配置成在空气进入可点燃抽吸材料5之前使用从进入烟嘴6的空气提取的热量来温热新空气。
参考图18,如先前所讨论的那样,由绝热物18绝热的加热腔室4可包括入口和出口阀24,诸如止回阀,其在关闭时气密地密封加热腔室4。阀24可为单向阀,其中(多个)入口阀24允许到腔室4内的气体流动并且(多个)出口阀24允许气体流动从腔室4出来。防止了在相反方向上的气体流动。阀24由此可防止空气不当地进出腔室4并且可防止可点燃抽吸材料香味离开腔室4。入口和出口阀24可例如设置于绝热物18中。在抽吸之间,阀24可由控制器12或其它器件诸如可手动操作的促动器关闭,使得在抽吸之间所有挥发的物质保持容纳于腔室4内侧。在抽吸之间挥发的物质的分压(partial pressure)到达饱和的蒸气压力并且因此蒸发的物质量仅取决于加热腔室4中的温度。这帮助确保挥发的尼古丁和芳香化合物的递送在抽吸之间保持恒定。
在抽吸期间,阀24打开使得空气能通过腔室4流动以将挥发的可点燃抽吸材料组分携带到烟嘴6。可由控制器12或由其它器件造成阀24打开。膜可位于阀24中以确保并无氧气进入腔室4。阀24可由呼吸促动使得阀24响应于检测到在烟嘴6处的抽吸而打开。阀24可响应于检测到抽吸已结束而关闭。替代地,阀24可以在它们打开之后经过了预定时段之后关闭。预定时段可由控制器12计时。可选地,可存在机械或其它合适打开/关闭器件使得阀24自动地打开和关闭。例如,由使用者抽吸烟嘴6所造成的气体移动可向阀24施加力以使得它们打开和关闭。因此,无需使用控制器12来促动阀24。
由加热器3,例如由每个加热区域10加热的可点燃抽吸材料5的质量可在0.2g至1.0g的范围。加热可点燃抽吸材料5的温度可以是使用者可控制的,例如到在100℃至250℃温度范围内的任何温度,诸如在150℃至250℃范围内的任何温度和先前所描述的其它挥发温度范围。设备1的总质量可在70至125g的范围。可使用具有1000至3000mAh电容和3.7V电压的电池2。加热区域10可被配置成单独地并且选择性地加热单个筒11的可点燃抽吸材料5的大约10与40个之间的部段。
将意识到可单独地或组合地使用上文所描述的替代方案中的任何方案。
为了解决各种问题并且推动技术进步,本公开全文仅以举例说明的方式示出了其中可实践(多个)所要求保护的发明并且提供优良的设备和方法的各种实施例。本公开的优点和特点只是实施例的代表性样品,并且并非详尽的和/或排他性的。给出它们只是为了辅助理解并且教导所要求保护的特点。应了解本公开的优点、实施例、示例、功能、特点、结构和/或其它方面不应认为限制本公开(其由所附权利要求限定)或者限制权利要求的等效物,并且可利用其它实施例并且可以做出修改,而不偏离本公开的范围和/或精神。各种实施例可合适地包括,或由下列组成或基本上由下列组成:所公开的元件、部件、特点、零件、步骤、器件等的各种组合。此外,本公开包括目前并未保护但其可能在未来要求保护的其它发明。
Claims (13)
1.一种设备,包括:
细长的加热器,所述加热器被构造成加热可点燃抽吸材料以使所述可点燃抽吸材料的至少一种组分挥发,所述加热器包括第一加热圆柱和第二加热圆柱;以及
可点燃抽吸材料的加热腔室,其由所述第一加热圆柱和第二加热圆柱限定,其中,在使用中,由所述第一加热圆柱发射的热能沿径向方向行进到所述加热腔室中以独立地加热所述可点燃抽吸材料的第一区域并且由所述第二加热圆柱发射的热能沿径向方向行进到所述加热腔室中以独立地加热所述可点燃抽吸材料的第二区域,其中在第一时段期间所述第一加热圆柱被构造成完全地启动并且所述第二加热圆柱被构造成部分地启动,且在第二时段期间所述第一加热圆柱被构造成完全地启动并且所述第二加热圆柱被构造成完全地启动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中,所述设备被构造成独立于所述第二加热圆柱的温度来控制所述第一加热圆柱的温度。
3.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中,所述加热器包括第三加热圆柱,其中,由所述第三加热圆柱发射的热能沿径向方向行进到所述加热腔室中以独立地加热所述可点燃抽吸材料的第三区域,其中,在所述第一时段和第二时段期间,所述第三加热圆柱被构造成部分地启动,且其中,在第三时段期间,所述第一加热圆柱、所述第二加热圆柱和所述第三加热圆柱被构造成完全地启动。
4.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中,当被完全地启动时,所述第一加热圆柱被构造成将所述可点燃抽吸材料的第一区域加热至在150℃至250℃之间的温度。
5.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中,当被部分地启动时,所述第二加热圆柱被构造成将所述可点燃抽吸材料的第二加热区域加热至小于100℃的温度。
6.根据权利要求1所述的设备,包括烟嘴,所述可点燃抽吸材料的挥发组分能够通过所述烟嘴被吸入。
7.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中,所述设备被构造成在不燃烧所述可点燃抽吸材料的前提下加热所述可点燃抽吸材料。
8.根据权利要求1所述的设备,包括围绕所述加热腔室同轴地定位的绝热物。
9.一种使用根据权利要求1所述的设备来加热可点燃抽吸材料的方法,包括:
在第一时段期间完全地启动所述第一加热圆柱且部分地启动所述第二加热圆柱;以及
在第二时段期间完全地启动所述第一加热圆柱且完全地启动所述第二加热圆柱。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中,当被完全地启动时,所述第一加热圆柱将所述可点燃抽吸材料的第一加热区域加热至在150℃至250℃之间的温度。
11.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中,当被部分地启动时,所述第二加热圆柱将所述可点燃抽吸材料的第二加热区域加热至小于100℃的温度。
12.一种系统,所述系统包括:
根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的设备;以及
结合所述设备来使用的可点燃抽吸材料。
13.一种使用根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的设备来加热可点燃抽吸材料的方法,包括:
加热所述可点燃抽吸材料以使所述可点燃抽吸材料的至少一种组分挥发以便被吸入。
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