CN101201715B - 用于手持式装置的触摸板 - Google Patents
用于手持式装置的触摸板 Download PDFInfo
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- G06F3/0354—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of 2D relative movements between the device, or an operating part thereof, and a plane or surface, e.g. 2D mice, trackballs, pens or pucks
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- G06F3/04886—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures by partitioning the display area of the touch-screen or the surface of the digitising tablet into independently controllable areas, e.g. virtual keyboards or menus
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种触摸板系统。所述系统包括把触摸板映射成传感器的自然坐标。所述系统还包括当事件在触摸板上出现时产生传感器自然坐标的自然值。所述系统还包括根据出现在触摸板上的事件类型对传感器的自然坐标的自然值进行过滤。所述系统还包括当所需的事件在触摸板上出现时,根据传感器自然坐标的自然值产生控制信号。
Description
本申请是基于申请号为200410097814.8、申请日为2004年11月24日、题为“用于手持式装置的触摸板”的发明专利申请提出的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及具有触摸板的媒体重放机。更具体地说,本发明涉及改进的触摸板。
背景技术
现在已经存在许多类型的输入装置,用以完成消费电子装置上的操作。这些操作对应于移动光标和在显示屏上作出选择。举例来说,输入装置可以包括按钮、开关、键盘、鼠标、轨迹球、触摸板、游戏棒、触摸屏等。这些装置中的每一种都有其优点和缺点,在设计消费电子装置时都要考虑。在手持式计算装置上,输入装置一般从按钮和开关中选择。按钮和开关一般在性质上是机械的,在光标移动(或选择器)和作出选择上提供有限的控制。例如,它们一般专门用来在特定方向上移动光标(例如,箭头键)或作出特定的选择(例如回车、删除、数字等)。在手持式个人数字助理(PDA)的情况下,输入装置倾向于采用触摸敏感的显示屏。利用触摸屏时,用户利用铁笔或手指直接指点屏幕上的对象,在显示屏上作出选择。
在诸如膝上计算机等便携式计算装置中,输入装置一般是触摸板。采用触摸板,手指沿着触摸板的表面移动时,输入装置(亦即,光标)的运动对应于用户手指(或铁笔)的相对运动。当检测到在触摸板表面上的一次或多次轻敲(tap)时,触摸板也可以在显示屏上作出选择。在某些情况下,触摸板的任何部分都可以轻敲,而在另外一些情况下,触摸板的专用部分可以轻敲。在诸如台式计算机等静止装置中,输入装置一般从鼠标和轨迹球中选择。采用鼠标时,输入装置的移动对应于用户沿着表面移动时鼠标的相对运动。采用轨迹球时,输入装置的相对运动对应于用户转动球座内的球时球的相对运动。鼠标和轨迹球一般都包括一个或多个按钮,用以在显示屏上作出选择。
除了允许输入指针的运动和选择外,对于呈现在显示屏上的用户图形接口(GUI),输入装置也可以允许用户在水平或垂直方向上在滚动条上滚动。例如,鼠标可以包括滚动轮,它可以让用户简单地向前或向后滚动滚动轮来完成卷屏动作。另外,触摸板可以提供专用的作用区,当用户将其手指在x和y方向线性扫过作用区时,它便完成卷屏。两个装置都可以通过作为GUI一部分的水平和垂直滚动条部分实现卷屏。利用这一技术,把输入指针定位在想要的滚动条上,选择要求的滚动条,通过在y方向上(向前和向后)移动鼠标或手指,实现垂直卷屏,或在x方向上(向左或向右)实现水平卷屏。
对于触摸板、鼠标和轨迹球,笛卡尔坐标系用来分别监视手指、鼠标和轨迹球移动时的位置。笛卡尔坐标系一般定义为二维坐标系(x、y),其中点(例如,手指、鼠标或轨迹球的位置)的坐标是它离两个交叉的往往是垂直的直线的距离,沿着彼此平行的直线测量的距离。例如,可以监视鼠标、轨迹球和手指的x、y位置。然后相应地用所述x、y位置定位和移动显示屏上的输入指针。
为了把触摸板做得更精巧,触摸板一般都有一个或多个传感器,用以检测手指的接近。这些传感器散布在触摸板上,每个传感器代表一个x、y位置。在大部分情况下,传感器排列成列和行的网格。于是,当手指在触摸板内跨越传感器的网格而移动时,便产生控制指针装置在显示屏上的x、y运动的特定的x、y位置信号。为了简明起见,其余的讨论将就电容传感技术进行。但应指出,其他技术也有类似特征。
电容传感触摸板一般包含几层材料。例如,触摸板可以包括保护屏、一个或多个电极层和电路板。保护屏一般覆盖电极层,而电极层一般位于电路板的正面。如一般众所周知的,保护屏是触摸板上用户触摸的部分,用以实现显示屏上光标的移动。另一方面,当用户手指在保护屏上停下或移动时,电极层用来解释用户手指的x、y位置。电极一般包括多个电极,它们定位在形成网格阵列的行和列上。行和列一般都以笛卡尔坐标系为基础,因而行和列对应于x和y方向。
触摸板也可以包括电子线路,用以检测与这些电极相关的信号、例如检测电子线路可以是适合于检测手指移过网格时每一个电极上电容的变化。检测电子线路一般位于电路板的背面。例如,检测电子线路可以包括专用集成电路(ASIC),后者配置成可以测量每个电极上的电容量,并根据每个电极上的电容计算出手指的移动位置。ASIC还可以配置成可以向计算装置报告这一信息。
参见图1,现将更详细地描述触摸屏2。触摸板2一般有一个小的矩形区域,后者包括保护屏4和定位在保护屏层4下面的多个电极6。为了便于讨论,已经摘去保护屏层4,以便显示电极6。每个电极6代表不同的x,y位置,在一种配置中,随着手指8接近电极网格6,在手指8和接近手指8的电极6之间形成微小电容。电路板和检测电子线路测量电容量,并产生一个与激活的电极14对应的x、y输入信号10。x、y输入信号10被送到具有显示屏14的主机装置12。x、y输入信号10用来控制光标16在显示屏14上的移动。如图所示,输入指针沿着与检测到的手指的运动类似的x、y方向移动。
发明内容
在一个实施例中,本发明涉及一种触摸板组件。触摸板组件包括触摸板,所述触摸板具有表面和配置为把所述触摸板表面映射成传感器自然坐标的一个或多个传感器。触摸板组件还包括控制器,所述控制器配置为定义一个或多个与所述触摸板的表面相关的逻辑装置单元,从所述一个或多个传感器接收与所述传感器自然坐标相关联的自然值,把与所述传感器自然坐标相关的自然值调整为与所述逻辑装置单元相关的新值,并把所述新值报告主机装置,所述逻辑装置单元与用户可以触发的触摸板区域相关,其中,所述控制器配置为将当前一组自然值与先前一组自然值进行比较,取决于所述当前一组自然值与所述先前一组自然值是否类似来确定所述当前一组自然值是与噪音事件相关还是与实际事件相关,并且在把所述自然值调整为新值之前让所述自然值通过过滤过程。
在另一个实施例中,本发明涉及一种触摸板组件。所述触摸板组件包括触摸板,所述触摸板具有表面和配置为把所述触摸板表面映射成传感器自然坐标的一个或多个传感器。所述触摸板组件还包括控制器装置,用以把所述触摸板的表面分为逻辑装置单元、从所述传感器接收所述传感器坐标值、把所述传感器坐标值调整为一个或多个与所述逻辑装置单元相关联的新值;以及向主机装置输出所述一个或多个新值,其中,所述控制器配置为将当前一组自然值与先前一组自然值进行比较,并取决于所述当前一组自然值与所述先前一组自然值是否基本类似来确定所述当前一组自然值是与噪音事件相关还是与实际事件相关。
附图说明
下面将在附图中以举例的方式而不是限制的方式说明本发明,附图中类似的标号表示类似的元件,附图中:
图1是触摸板和显示器的简化示意图。
图2是按照本发明一个实施例的计算系统的示意图。
图3的按照本发明一个实施例的信号处理的流程图。
图4是按照本发明一个实施例的触摸板处理过程的流程图。
图5是按照本发明一个实施例的触摸板处理过程的流程图。
图6是按照本发明一个实施例的通信协议的示意图。
图7是按照本发明一个实施例的消息格式的示意图。
图8是按照本发明一个实施例的媒体重放机的透视图。
图9是按照本发明一个实施例的媒体重放机的正视图。
图10是按照本发明一个实施例的媒体重放机的正视图。
图11A-11D是使用中的按照本发明一个实施例的媒体重放机的顶视图。
图12是按照本发明一个实施例的环形电容触摸板部分分解的透视图。
图13是按照本发明另一个实施例的触摸板传感装置的顶视图。
图14是按照本发明另一个实施例的的触摸板传感装置的顶视图。
图15是按照本发明另一个实施例的的触摸板传感装置的顶视图。
具体实施方式
现将参照图解说明于附图中的几个推荐的实施例详细地描述本发明。在以下的描述中,为了使本发明能被彻底理解,提出几个具体的细节。但显然,对于本专业技术人员,没有这些具体细节中的某一些或全部,也可以实施本发明。在某些示例中,为了避免不必要地使本发明变得模糊不清,对于众所周知的处理步骤没有作详细的描述。
图2是按照本发明一个实施例的计算系统20的示意图。计算系统20至少包括用户界面22和主机装置24。用户界面22配置成可以提供用于在主机装置24上执行动作的控制信息。举例来说,动作可以包括作出选择、打开文件或文档、执行指令、启动程序、观看菜单等。动作还可以移动主机装置24显示屏上诸如指针或光标等对象。尽管在图2中未示出,但用户界面22可以与主机装置结合在一起(在同一机壳内)或者它可以是单独的组件(装在不同的机壳内)。
用户界面22包括一个或多个触摸按钮34、触摸板36和控制器38。用户把他们的手指放在触摸按钮34上时,触摸按钮34产生按钮数据。另一方面,用户把他们的手指(或物体)放在触摸板36上时,触摸板产生位置数据。控制器38配置成可以从触摸按钮34采集按钮数据,以及从触摸板36采集位置数据。控制器还配置成可以向主机装置24输出与按钮数据和/或位置数据相关的控制数据。在一个实施例中,只有当位置数据改变时,控制器38才输出与触摸板相关的数据。可以包括原始数据(按钮,位置)或它们的某些形式的控制数据可以在主机装置24上用来实现控制功能。举例来说,控制数据可以用来移动主机装置24显示器30上的对象,或在主机装置24上作出选择,或者发出命令。
触摸按钮34和触摸板36一般包括一个或多个能够产生按钮和位置数据的传感器。触摸按钮34和触摸板36的传感器可以是分开的元件,或者他们可以一起分成一组,作为传感装置的一部分,亦即分成触摸按钮34用的传感器和触摸板36用传感器。触摸按钮34的传感器产生与按钮状态相关的信号(激活,非激活)。例如,按钮状态可以包括物体位于所述触摸按钮上时的激活状态和其他时间的去激活状态(反之亦然)。触摸板36的传感器配置成可以产生与触摸板36附近的物体的绝对位置相关的信号。在某些情况下,触摸板36的传感器把触摸平面映射成自然或物理的传感器坐标40。传感器自然坐标40可以基于笛卡尔坐标或极坐标(如图所示)。采用笛卡尔坐标时,传感器的自然坐标40一般对应于x、y坐标。采用极坐标(如图所示)时,传感器的自然坐标一般对应于半径和角度坐标(r、θ)。举例来说,传感器可以基于电阻感测、表面声波感测、压力感测(例如,应变片)、光学感测、电容感测等。
在一个实施例中,用户界面22包括基于电容感测的传感装置。因此,用户界面22设置成可以检测手指移动、轻敲或停留在触摸按钮334或触摸板36上时电容量的改变。电容式触摸组件由不同的层形成,至少包括一组标签、一组电极(传感器)和印刷电路板(PCB)。电极定位在PCB上,而标签在电极上面的位置上。标签用来保护电极,并提供一个在其上接纳手指的表面。标签还在手指和电极之间提供绝缘。人们会意识到,通过检测电容量的变化,控制器38可以确定每一个触摸按钮34的状态和手指在触摸板36上的位置。在大部分情况下,控制器38设置在PCB的反面上。举例来说,控制器38可以对应于专用集成电路(ASIC),而它可以在存储于ASIC中的固件的控制下操作。
参见控制器38,控制器38配置成可以监视触摸按钮34和触摸板36的传感器,并决定向主机装置24报告什么信息。所述决定可以包括过滤和/或转换过程。可以实现过滤过程,以便减少繁忙数据流,使主机装置24不被多余的或不重要的数据过载。举例来说,当在彼此非常接近的传感器自然坐标40上产生多个信号时可能形成繁忙数据流。应当指出,处理繁忙数据流往往需要大量电力,因此它对诸如使用电量有限的电池的媒体重放机等便携式装置可能起一种灾难性的作用。一般说来,过滤过程弃除多余的信号,使它们到不了主机装置24。在一种实现方案中,控制器38配置成只在检测到信号明显改变时才输出控制信号。显著的改变相当于在用户决定要移动她/他的手指到一个新的位置时的那些明显的变化,而不是用户的手指就停留在一点上,而由于手指的平衡略微移动(来回触发)。过滤过程可以通过作为专用集成电路一部分的固件来实现。
另一方面,实现转换过程,来调整原始数据,使之变为另一种形式的因数,将其发送或报告主机装置24。就是说,控制器38可以把原始数据转换为其他类型的数据。其他类型的数据可以具有与原始数据类似或不同的单位。在触摸板的情况下,控制器38可以把位置信号转换为其他类型的位置信号。例如,控制器38可以把绝对位置数据转换为相对位置数据。应当指出,绝对位置数据是指手指在触摸板上就坐标系测量的位置,而相对位置是指手指相对于以前的位置的位置变化。控制器38也可以把多个绝对位置转换为单个绝对坐标,把极坐标变换为笛卡尔坐标和/或把笛卡尔坐标转换为极坐标。控制器38还可以把位置数据转换为按钮数据。例如,当一个物体轻敲触摸板一个预定位置时,或者当物体以预定的方式在触摸板上移动(例如,手势)时,控制器可以产生按钮控制信号。
转换还可以包括把控制信号放入主机装置24可以理解的格式。举例来说,控制器38可以遵循预定的通信协议。如一般众所周知的,通信协议是一组用以在两个装置之间,诸如用户界面22和主机装置24之间交换数据的规则和程序。通信协议一般以数据块或分组的形式发送信息,数据块或分组包含要发送的数据、把分组引导到目的地所需的数据和用于纠正在传输过程中出现的差错的数据。控制器支持用于与主机装置交换数据的不同通信协议,包括但不限于PS/2、Serial、ADB等。在一个具体的实施例中,采用Serial协议。
转换过程可以包括把自然坐标40的至少一部分一起分组,以便形成一个或多个虚拟作用区42。例如,控制器38可以把触摸板36的表面分成虚拟作用区42A-D,把传感器自然坐标40转换为与虚拟作用区42A-D相关的新值。新值可以具有与自然数据类似或不同的单位。新值一般存储在控制器38内,随后送到主机装置24。一般说来,当大部分信号来自位于特定虚拟作用区的传感器自然坐标40时,控制器38输出与特定的虚拟作用区42相关联的控制信号。
虚拟作用区42一般代表比传感器自然坐标40本身更大的逻辑数值范围,亦即虚拟作用区42代表可以更便于用户激活(幅度较大)的触摸板36的区域。传感器自然坐标40对虚拟作用区42之比可以在1024∶1到约1∶1之间,更具体是8∶1。例如,触摸板可以包括128个基于1024个传感器自然坐标的虚拟作用区。
虚拟作用区42可以在大范围内变化。例如,它们可以代表触摸板36上幅度比传感器自然坐标40大的绝对位置。例如,触摸板36可以分成比利用传感器自然坐标40原本可达到的带条更大的带条。在一种实现方案中,虚拟作用区42分布在触摸板36上0至95个角度位置的范围内。在12点钟位置上角度位置为0,沿着时针方向转一圈回到12点钟位置角度位置进到95。
虚拟作用区42还可以代表触摸板上可以由用户激活的区域,用以实现诸如按钮或运动功能等特定的控制功能。在按钮功能方面,虚拟作用区42可以相当于按钮区域,起类似触摸按钮的作用。在运动功能方面,每一个虚拟作用区42可以对应于不同的运动方向,起诸如类似箭头键的作用。例如,虚拟作用区42A可以代表向上运动,虚拟作用区42B可以代表向下运动,虚拟作用区42C可以代表向左运动,虚拟作用区42D可以代表向右运动。应当指出,这种类型的触摸板配置可以启动游戏棒执行程序、二维菜单选择、光图像全景拍摄等。
尽管没有示出,但控制器38还可以包括存储元件。存储元件可以存储控制用户界面22不同方面的触摸板程序。例如,触摸板程序可以包含虚拟作用区轮廓,描述在触摸板周围相对于传感器自然坐标虚拟作用区如何分布以及根据所选的传感器自然坐标的自然值和对应于选定的传感器自然坐标的虚拟作用区,输出哪种类型的值。
在一种具体的触摸板操作中,控制器38从触摸板36接收位置数据。然后控制器38让数据通过过滤过程。过滤过程一般包括判断数据是基于噪音事件,还是实际事件。噪音事件与诸如当用户手指简单地停留在一点上并由于手指平衡而轻微运动时等的不明显的事件相关。实际事件与诸如当用户决定移动他/她的手指到触摸板上一个新的位置时的明显事件相关。可以滤除噪音事件,而让实际事件通过控制器38。
对于实际事件,控制器38判断是否要调整位置数据。若否,则向主机装置24报告所述位置数据。若是,则把所述位置数据转换成其他形式的因数,包括但不限于其他位置数据或按钮数据。例如,把传感器坐标的自然值转换为与所选的虚拟作用区相关的新值。转换之后,控制器38把转换后的数据报告主机装置24。举例来说,控制器38可以把新值送往执行在主机装置24上运行的主要应用程序的主系统处理器。
参见主机装置24,主机装置24一般包括控制电路26。控制电路26配置成可以执行指令并执行与主机装置24相关的操作。例如,控制电路26可以控制计算系统20组件之间输入和输出数据的接收和处理。主机装置24还包括保持开关28,用以激活或去激活主机装置24和用户界面22之间的通信。主机装置还可以包括显示器30,后者配置成可以通过控制电路26发来的显示指令在显示屏32上产生诸如正文和图形虚拟信息。举例来说,视觉信息可以采取图形用户界面(GUI)的形式。尽管没有示出,但主机装置还包括一个或多个扬声器或连接到耳机/扬声器的插孔。
控制电路可以在很大范围内改变。控制电路可以包括一个或多个处理器27,它们与操作系统一起工作,以便执行计算机代码,并产生和使用数据。处理器27可以是单芯片处理器或者用多个组件实现。计算机代码和数据可以驻留在数据存储器内,后者工作时连接到处理器。数据存储器一般是提供位置来保存计算机系统20使用的数据。举例来说,数据存储器可以包括只读存储器(ROM)、随机访问存储器(RAM)、硬盘驱动器等。尽管没有示出,但控制电路还可以包括工作时与处理器连接的输入/输出控制器。输入/输出控制器一般通过在主机装置24和想要与主机装置24通信的I/O装置(例如,触摸板)之间交换数据来操作。控制电路一般还包括显示控制器,它与处理器在工作时连接。显示控制器配置成可以处理显示命令,以便在主机24装置的显示屏32上产生正文和图像。输入/输出控制器和显示控制器可以与处理器结合在一起,或者可以是单独的组件。
应该指出,控制电路26可以配置成完成和控制器38相同的功能。例如,控制电路26可以对从控制器38接收的数据进行转换过程。转换可以对原始数据或对已经转换过的数据进行。
图3是按照本发明一个实施例的信号处理50的流程图。举例来说,信号处理50可以由图2所示的计算机系统完成。信号处理50一般在方框52开始,其中在用户界面22上产生用户输入。用户输入一般基于由触摸按钮和触摸板的传感装置产生的信号。用户输入可以包括原始数据。用户输入还可以对转换后的数据进行过滤。
在方框52之后,处理进入方框54,其中向主机装置的控制电路报告用户输入。用户输入可以包含按钮和位置数据两者,或者它可以包含按钮数据或位置数据。用户输入一般报告何时出现变化,并且更具体地说,何时在用户界面作出要求的改变(过滤后)。例如,当按钮状态改变时,可以报告按钮数据,并在手指位置改变时,报告位置数据。
在方框54之后,处理进到方框56,在这里根据用户输入在主机装置内执行动作。动作一般受主机装置控制电路控制。动作可以包括作出选择、打开文挡、执行指令、启动一个程序、观看菜单等。动作还可以包括使主机装置24显示屏上的指针或光标等对象移动。
图4是按照本发明一个实施例的触摸板处理过程60的流程图。触摸板处理过程60一般开始于方框62,在这里在图形用户界面上至少显示一个控制对象。控制对象可以是光标活动杆、图像等。举例来说,可以在主机装置24的显示器30上显示GUI。GUI一般在主机装置24的处理器控制之下。
在方框62之后,处理过程进到方框64,在这里接收参照角度或半径的输入。举例来说,参照角度或半径的输入可以由用户界面22产生,并由主机装置24的处理器接收。参照角度或半径的输入可以是由传感装置形成的原始数据,或在控制器处形成的转换数据。另外,可以对原始数据或转换后的数据进行过滤,以便减少繁忙数据流。
在方框64之后,触摸板处理过程进到方框66,在这里根据参照角度或半径的输入改变控制对象。例如,在足球游戏中,诸如足球游戏者等的控制对象运动的方向由第一方向改变为第二方向或者在照片薄中使亮条移过多幅图像。改变一般由主机装置的处理器实现。
图5是按照本发明一个实施例的触摸板处理过程70的流程图。举例来说,触摸板处理过程可以由图2所示的控制器执行。另外,它可以与图3和4所示的方框52/54和62相关联。触摸板处理过程70一般从方框72开始,在这里接收当前用户位置。当前用户位置对应于当前用户的手指在触摸板上的位置。例如,控制器可以检测到每一个传感器自然坐标上传感器电平的变化,并在此后根据每一个传感器自然坐标上传感器电平的变化判断用户手指在触摸板上的当前位置。
在方框72之后,处理流程进到方框74,在这里判断用户当前位置是否离开用户上一次的位置一个阈值,亦即把用户位置与上一次的用户位置比较。在某些情况下,把用户当前位置与上一次用户的位置比较,以便确定用户位置的差值,亦即在当前和上一次读数之间出现多大的运动。若当前用户位置在阈值范围内,则已经发生了不希望有的改变,处理流程返回方框72。若当前位置处于阈值之外,则已经作出要求的改变,处理过程进到方框76,举例来说,
不希望有的改变:[当前用户位置-上一次用户位置]<阈值
要求的改变:[当前用户位置-上一次用户位置]≥阈值
在一个实施例中,阈值可以定义为向主机装置主系统处理器报告用户手指位置发生变化所需的传感器电平数。在一个具体的实现方案中,阈值约等于3。阈值可以由下式确定:
阈值(T)=C*(传感器自然坐标分辨率/逻辑装置单元分辨率)。
其中,传感器自然坐标分辨率定义对于特定平面坐标系,传感器能够检测到的不同位置的最大数目;逻辑装置单元分辨率定义对于所述特定的平面坐标系,传递到主机装置的主系统处理器的数值的数目;而系数C定义形成一个逻辑装置单元的传感器自然坐标簇(Cluster)之间的宽度边界面积。
系数C一般由主机装置的主系统处理器启动用户事件所需的灵敏度确定。它把阈值的数值订制为传感器工艺的物理极限和预期的用户手指事件的噪音。数值越大往往滤除更多的事件,因而降低灵敏度。系统设计者通过试验几个阈值来取得精确的C值,以便达到用户手指位置的灵敏度和稳定性之间的最优平衡。系数C一般是0和0.5之间的数值。应当指出,当传感器自然坐标分辨率约1024、逻辑装置单元分辨率约为128并且所述系数约为0.25时,阈值(T)约为2。
在方框76,根据与特定逻辑装置单元相关的改变后的传感器自然坐标产生与特定的逻辑装置单元相关的新值。在大多数情况下,把传感器自然坐标形式的带条的原始数目分成更多的逻辑装置单元(亦即,虚拟作用区)形式的逻辑带条数目。
在方框76之后,处理流程进到方框78,在这里更新上一次用户位置。就是说,把上一次的当前位置改变为当前位置。在随后的处理中,现在当前位置起上一次用户位置的作用。
在方框78之后,处理流程进到方框80,在这里发送消息。在大多数情况下,当前位置和上一次用户位置之间的差值大于阈值时发送消息。消息一般包括与选定的逻辑装置单元相关的新值。举例来说,触摸板可以向主机装置的主系统处理器发送消息。当主系统处理器接收到消息时,所述消息可以用来在主机装置上作出调整,亦即以特定的方式移动控制对象。
图6是按照本发明一个实施例的通信协议82的示意图。举例来说,通信协议可以由图2用户界面和主机装置使用。在一个特定的实施例中,用户界面22具有一条受控制电路26控制的专用的输入ACTIVE(激活)线。ACTIVE线的信号状态可以设置为LOW(低)或HIGH(高)。保持开关28可以用来改变ACTIVE线的信号状态(例如,当保持开关处于第一位置或第二位置时)。如图6所示,当ACTIVE设置为HIGH时,用户界面22向控制电路26发送同步消息,它描述按钮和触摸板的状态(例如,Button(按钮)状态和Touch Pad)触摸板位置)。在一个实施例中,只有在Button状态和/或Touch Pad状态改变时才发送新的同步消息。例如,当触摸板位置已经在要求的限度内改变时。当ACTIVE信号设置为LOW时,用户界面22不向控制电路26发送同步消息。当ACTIVE信号从LOW变HIGH时,用户界面22发送按钮状态和触摸板位置消息。在启动时用以对状态进行初始化。当ACTIVE信号由HIGH切换为LOW时,用户界面22不向控制电路26发送同步消息。在一个实施例中,用户界面22配置成,若从上一条消息发送之后按钮状态和触摸板位置都发生变化,则发送两个数据字节的消息,而若只有按钮状态或触摸板位置发生变化,则发送一个数据字节的消息。
图7是按照本发明一个实施例的消息格式86的示意图。举例来说,消息格式86可以对应于图6所描述的同步消息。消息格式86可以形成两字节或一字节消息。每一个数据字节都配置成8位消息。消息的最高位是事件类型(1位),各低位为事件值(7位)。
事件值是事件类型特有的。在图7中,事件类型位被设置为E0,事件值标记为D0-D6。正如在示意图所指出的,事件类型可以是触摸板位置变化E1或当按钮被触摸时按钮状态变化E0,或按钮状态没有改变时为E1。事件值可以对应于诸如向前找寻(D4)、向后找寻(D3)、播放和暂停(D2)、提供菜单(D1)和作出选择(D0)等不同的按钮事件。事件值还可以对应于触摸板事件,诸如触摸板位置(D5)。例如,在定义极坐标中逻辑坐标0-127,事件值可以对应于0-127范围角度位置中触摸板的绝对位置,其中0是12点钟,32是3点钟,64是6点钟,96是9点钟等顺时钟方向旋转。事件值还可以对应于反转(D6)。反转是不使用的位,可以用来扩展API。
图8是按照本发明一个实施例的媒体重放机100的透视图。举例来说,媒体重放机100一般可以对应于图2所示的主机装置。术语”媒体重放机”一般指专门用来处理诸如音频、视频或其他图像的计算装置,例如,音乐重放机、游戏机、视频重放机、视频录像机、摄像机等。在某些情况下,媒体重放机包含单一的功能(例如,专门用来播放音乐的媒体重放机,而在其他情况下,媒体重放机包含多种功能(例如,播放音乐、播放视频。存储图像等的媒体重放机)。无论在那种情况下,这些装置一般都是便携式的,所以允许用户在旅游时听音乐、玩游戏或播放视频、视频记录或拍照片。
在一个实施例中,媒体重放机100是手持式装置,尺寸刚好放入用户的衣袋。采用衣袋的尺寸,用户不必直接携带所述装置,因此无论用户走到那里,几乎都可以随身携带所述装置(例如,用户不受携带大型的往往是苯重的装置,诸如膝上或笔记本电脑所限制)。例如,在音乐重放机的情况下,用户可以在体育馆里玩得精疲力尽时使用所述装置,在摄像机的情况下,用户可以爬山的同时使用所述装置。另外,所述装置可以由用户的手来操作不必诸如桌面等基准平面(这在图6中表现得更详细)。在举例说明的实施例中,媒体重放机100是衣袋尺寸的手持式MP3音乐重放机,它允许用户存储大量的音乐(例如,在某些情况下,多达4,000首CD质量的歌曲)。举例来说,MP3音乐重放机可以相当于美国加利福尼亚州库珀蒂诺市的Apple Computer公司制造的iPod MP3重放机。尽管首先用来存储和播放音乐。这里所表示的MP3音乐重放机还可以包括诸如存储日历和电话本、存储和播放游戏、存储照片等其他功能。事实上,在某些情况下,它起高度便携的存储装置的作用。
如图8所示,媒体重放机100包括外壳102,它把向媒体重放机提供计算操作的各种电气组件(包括集成电路芯片和其他电路)包装在其中。另外,外壳还可以限定媒体重放机的形状或形式。就是说,外壳的轮廓可以体现媒体重放机100外在的物理表观。包含于外壳内的集成电路芯片和其他电路可以包括微处理器(例如,CPU)、存储器(例如,ROM,RAM)、电源(例如,电池)、电路板、硬盘驱动器、其他存储器(例如,闪速存储器)和/或各种输入/输出(I/O)支持电路。电子组件还可以包括输入和输出音乐或声音的组件,例如,微音器、放大器和数字信号处理器(DSP)。电子组件还可以包括诸如图像传感器(例如,电荷耦合器件(CCD)或互补氧化物半导体(CMOS)或光学元件(例如,透镜、分光镜、滤光镜)等捕获图像的组件。
在举例说明的实施例中,媒体重放机100包括硬盘驱动器,以此为媒体重放机提供海量存储能力。例如,20GB硬盘驱动器可以存储多达4000首歌曲或约266小时的音乐。反之,基于闪速存储器的媒体重放机平均存储能力为128MB,或约两小时的音乐。硬盘驱动器能力可以在很大的范围内变化(例如,5、10、20MB等)。除硬盘驱动器之外,这里所示的媒体重放机100还包括诸如可充电锂聚合物电池等电池。这些类型的电池可以为媒体重放机100提供约10小时的连续播放时间。
媒体重放机100还包括显示屏104和相关电路。显示屏104用来向显示图形用户界面以及其他信息(例如,正文、物体、图形)。举例来说,显示屏104可以是液晶显示器(LCD)。在一个具体的实施例中,显示屏104对应于160*128象素高分辨率显示,带有LED白背光,可以在白天以及低光线状态下给出清晰的可见度。如图所示,媒体重放机100的用户可以通过外壳102上开孔105看到显示屏104。
媒体重放机100还包括触摸板110。触摸板是一种直观的接口,提供轻易的单手操作,亦即用户可以用一个或多个手指与媒体重放机进行交互。触摸板110配置成可以提供一个或多个控制功能,用以控制与媒体重放机100相关的应用。例如,触摸启动的控制功能可以用来移动显示屏104上的对象,或者作出选择,或发出与媒体重放机100操作相关的命令。为了实现触摸启动的控制功能,可以把触摸板110设置成根据手指在触摸板110表面上移动、根据手指停留在触摸板上的特定位置和/或用手指轻敲触摸板的特定位置来接收输入。
触摸板110一般包括可触摸的外表面111,用以接受用来操纵触摸板110的手指。在可触摸的外表面111的下面是传感器装置112。传感器装置112包括一个或多个传感器,配置成当手指停留、轻敲或在它们上面通过时被激活。传感器装置112可以基于笛卡尔坐标系、极坐标系或某些其他坐标系。在最简单的情况下,每次手指定位在传感器装置112的检测坐标上时产生电信号。给定时间帧信号的数目可以指示手指在触摸板上的位置、方向、速度和加速度,亦即信号越多,用户移动他/她的手指的次数越多。在大部分情况下,信号由控制装置监视,它把信号的数目、组合和频率变换为位置、方向、速度和加速度信息,并把这些信息报告给媒体重放机的主系统处理器。然后可以由媒体重放机100使用这些信息在显示屏104上完成要求的控制功能。
在一个实施例中,触摸板110的表面分成几个独立的围绕触摸板110的周边设置的空间上区分开的作用区113A-D。作用区一般代表比传感器本身更大的用户输入逻辑范围。一般说来,当大部分信号来自定位在特定作用区内的检测坐标时,触摸板110输出与特定作用区113相关的控制信号。就是说,当物体接近一个区域113时,在一个或多个检测坐标上产生位置信号。由一个或多个检测坐标产生的位置信号可以用来通知媒体重放机100,物体是在触摸板110上的特定区域内。
作用区可以是按钮区域或位置区域。作为按钮区域,当物体放在按钮区域上面时,产生按钮控制信号。按钮控制信号可以用来在媒体重放机中作出选择、打开文件、执行指令、启动程序、观看菜单。作为位置区域,当物体放在位置区域时,产生位置控制信号。位置信号可以用来控制媒体重放机显示屏上物体的运动。作用区的分布可以用把自然坐标变换为执行区域形式的虚拟表达的触摸板平移软件或固件控制。触摸板平移软件可以由媒体重放机的触摸板的控制组件或主系统处理器运行。在大多数情况下,在把采集的信号送往媒体重放机的主系统处理器之前,控制组件把采集的信号变换为代表所述区域的信号。
位置控制信号可以与笛卡尔坐标系(x和y)相关或与极坐标系(r、θ)相关。此外,位置信号可以以绝对或相对的方式提供。在绝对方式下,采用触摸板上被触摸处的绝对坐标。例如,笛卡尔坐标系的情况下的x、y,或在极坐标系情况下的(r、θ)。在相对方式下,采用手指相对于手指以前位置的位置变化。触摸板本身可以配置成可以在笛卡尔绝对方式、笛卡尔相对方式、极坐标绝对方式或极坐标相对方式下操作。所述方式由媒体重放机的触摸板本身或其他组件控制。
无论在哪种情况下,用户都可以选择他们想用哪一种方式操作媒体重放机,或者运行在媒体重放机上的应用程序可以自动设置媒体重放机的方式。例如,游戏应用程序可以通知媒体重放机系统在绝对方式下操作,使得触摸板可以起游戏棒作用,或者,清单应用可以通知媒体重放机系统在相对方式下操作,使得触摸板可以起滚动条作用。
在一个实施例中,区域113中的每一个都代表规定触摸板110平面上区域113的角度位置的不同极坐标角。举例来说,区域113可以是以90度增量定位整个包围触摸板110,或者以某个较小的增量,例如,2度增量包围整个触摸板。在一个实施例中,触摸板110可以把传感器坐标的形式的1024个物理位置变换为位置区域形式的更大的0至127的逻辑范围。应该理解,触摸板110内部精度(1024个位置)比在显示屏上进行运动所需的准确度(128个位置)大得多。触摸板110相对于外壳102的位置可以在很宽的范围内改变。例如,触摸板110可以放置在用户在操作媒体重放机100时可以触及的外壳102的任何外表面(例如,顶面、侧面、正面和背面)上。在大多数情况下,触摸板110的触摸传感表面111对用户是完全暴露的。在举例说明的实施例中,触摸板110位于外壳102较低的正面区域上。另外,触摸板110可以是凹进的,倒棱的或延伸在外壳102的表面上。在举例说明的实施例中,触摸板110的触摸敏感表面111基本上与外壳102的外表面齐平。
触摸板110的形状也可以在很大范围内变化。例如,触摸板110可以呈圆形、矩形、三角形等。一般,成形的触摸板的外围限定触摸板的工作边界。在举例说明的实施例中,触摸板110呈圆形。这种特定的形状能很好配合极坐标工作。更具体地说,触摸板呈环形,形状类似圆环,或形成圆环。呈环形时,所成形的触摸板的内和外圆周限定了触摸板的工作边界。
除上述以外,媒体重放机100还可以包括一个或多个按钮114。按钮114配置成可以为作出选择或发出与媒体重放机100操作相关的命令而提供一个或多个专用的控制功能。举例来说,在MP3音乐重放机的情况下,按钮功能可以与打开菜单、播放歌曲、歌曲快进、在菜单中寻找等相关。按钮114可以是机械无噪声(Clicking)按钮和/或触摸按钮。在举例说明的实施例中,按钮可以是触摸按钮,接收从位于触摸按钮上面的手指的输入。类似于触摸板110,触摸按钮114一般包括可触摸的外表面,用以接纳手指和布置在可触摸外表面下面的传感器装置。举例来说,触摸按钮和触摸板一般可以对应于图1中所示的触摸按钮和触摸板。
触摸按钮114相对于触摸板110的位置可以在很宽的范围内变化。例如,它们可以彼此邻近,或隔开。在举例说明的实施例中,按钮114设置在触摸板110上面排成一条直线,以及在环形触摸板110的中心。举例来说,多个按钮114可以包括菜单按钮、播放/停止按钮、快寻按钮、反向查寻按钮等。
另外,媒体重放机100还可以包括保持开关115。保持开关115配置成可以激活或去激活触摸板和/或按钮。这一般例如当媒体重放机装在用户衣袋里时,用来防止由触摸板和/或按钮发出不希望出现的命令。激活时,来自按钮和/或触摸板的信号被发送,因此媒体重放机进行接收和处理。
另外,媒体重放机100还可以包括一个或多个耳机插孔116和一个或多个数据端口118。耳机插孔116能够接纳与耳机相关的耳机插头,配置成可以聆听媒体重放机100输出的声音。另一方面,数据端口118可以接纳数据插头/电缆组件,配置成可以向诸如通用计算机(例如,台式计算机、便携式计算机)等主机发送和从主机接收数据。举例来说,数据端口118可以用来为媒体重放机100更新或下载音频、视频和其他图像。例如,数据端口可以用来把歌曲和播放清单、音频书籍、电子书籍、照片等下载到媒体重放机的存储机构中。
数据端口118可以在很大范围内改变。例如,数据端口可以是PS/2端口、串行端口、并行端口、USB端口、FireWire端口等。在某些情况下,数据端口118可以是射频(RF)链接或光学紫外线链接,因而不需要电缆。尽管图2中没有示出,媒体重放机100还可以包括电源端口,接纳电源接头/电缆组件,配置成可以向媒体重放机100提供电力。在某些情况下,数据端口118可以同时用作数据和电源端口。在举例说明的实施例中,数据端口118是FireWire端口,具有数据和电源的能力。
尽管只描述了一个数据端口,但应指出,对数据端口的数目没有限制,可以在媒体重放机上配置多个数据端口。类似地,数据端口可以具有多重数据功能,亦即把多个数据端口功能集成在单一个数据端口。此外,应该指出,保持开关、耳机插孔和数据端口在外壳上的位置可以在很大范围内改变。就是说,它们不限于图2所示的位置。它们几乎可以定位在外壳上的任何位置(例如,正面、背面、侧面、顶面,底面)。例如,数据端口可以定位在外壳的底面,而不在所示的顶面。
参见图9,现将更详细地描述触摸板110。在这个具体的实施例中,触摸板工作在绝对方式下。就是说,触摸板报告被触摸的绝对坐标。如图所示,触摸板110包括一个或多个区域124。区域124代表触摸板110可以被用户激活完成一个或多个动作或显示屏104上运动的区域。
区域124的分布可以在很大范围内变化。例如,区域124可以定位在触摸板110上几乎任何位置。区域124的位置可以取决于触摸板110的坐标系。例如,极坐标系时,区域124可以具有一个或多个径向或角度位置。在举例说明的实施例中,区域124定位在极坐标系多个角度位置上。另外,区域124几乎可以由任何形状形成,无论是简单的(例如,正方形、圆形、椭圆形、三角形、矩形、多边形等)或者复杂的(例如,随机形状),多个按钮区域124的形状可以是相同的形状或者它们具有不同的形状。另外,区域124的尺寸可以根据每一个装置特定的需要改变。在某些情况下,区域124的尺寸对应于允许它们容易由用户操作的尺寸(例如,手指尖的尺寸或更大)。在其他情况下,区域124的尺寸小,以便改进触摸板110的分辨率,此外,可以用若干个区域124。在举例说明的实施例中,示出了4个区域124A-D。但应指出,这并非限制,其数目可以根据每一种触摸板的特定需要改变。例如,图5示出带有16个按钮区域124A-P的媒体重放机100。
区域124的数目一般取决于位于触摸板110内的传感器坐标的数目,和触摸板要求的分辨率。传感器配置成可以检测用户在区域124上的动作,并把对应于用户在区域124上动作的信号发送到电子系统。举例来说,传感器可以是电容传感器,它检测与手指紧密接触时的电容量。传感器装置一般根据每一种装置的特定需要改变。在一个具体的实施例中,触摸板110包括1024个传感器坐标,一起工作形成128个区域。
参见图9和10,区域124当被激活时用来产生屏幕上的运动126。屏幕上运动的控制信号由触摸板电子线路激发,或由媒体重放机的主系统处理器激发。轻敲或触摸所述区,显示器上的物体便可以移动。例如,每一个区124都可以配置成代表显示屏104上特定的运动。在举例说明的实施例中,每一个区124代表运动的一个特定方向。所述方向可以在很大范围内变化,但在举例说明的实施例中,所述方向一般对应于角度方向(例如,类似于键盘上的箭头键)。
参见图9,例如,触摸板110可以分成几个独立的空间上分开的区域124A-D,其中每一个区域分别对应于运动方向126A-D(如箭头所示)。区域124A被激活时,实现屏幕上的运动126A(向右)。区域124B被激活时,实现屏幕上的运动126B(向上)。区域124C被激活时,实现屏幕上的运动126C(向左)。区域124D被激活时,实现屏幕上的运动126D(向下)。应当指出,这些实施例非常适合于游戏棒执行程序、二维菜单选择、光图像全景拍摄等。
图11A-11D表示图8的按照本发明一个实施例可以由用户130使用的媒体重放机100。在这个实施例中,媒体重放机100单手操作定位,其中媒体重放机100拿在用户的手136中,而同时由同一手136的大拇指138操纵按钮和触摸板110。举例来说,用所述手136的手掌140和最右的手指141(或若用左手则用最左的手指)握住媒体重放机100的两侧,而同时用户的大拇指138激活触摸板110。如图所示,触摸板110的整个顶面用户的大拇指138均可伸到。参见图11A,大拇指138放在(或轻敲)按钮区域124A时,实现屏幕上向右的运动。参见图11B,大拇指138放在按钮区域124B时,实现屏幕上的向上的运动。参见图11C,大拇指138放在按钮区域124C时,实现屏幕上向左的运动。参见图11D,大拇指138放在按钮区域124D时,实现屏幕上向下的运动。
应该指出,图11A-D的配置并非限制,媒体重放机可以用各种各样的方法握持。例如,在一个替代的实施例中,媒体装置可以舒服地单手握持,而同时用另一只手舒服地寻找位置。这种配置一般允许用户轻易地用一个或多个手指激活触摸板。例如,第一只手的大拇指和最右的手指(或若用左手则最左的手指)握住媒体重放机的两侧,而同时相反一只手的手指用来激活触摸板。用户的手指可以够到触摸板的整个顶面。
图12是按照本发明一个实施例部分分解的环形电容式触摸板150的透视图。环形电容式触摸板150设置成检测用户让诸如手指等物体移动、轻敲或停在触摸板150上时电容量的变化。环形电容式触摸板150包括不同的层,包括至少一个标签层152、电极层154和电路板156。标签层152设置在电极层154的上面,而电极层又设置在电路板156的上面。至少标签152和电极层154是环形的,使得它们形成一个同心圆,亦即它们具有内圆周和外圆周。电路板156一般是圆片,其外圆周与标签152的外圆周及电极层154一致。但应指出,在某些情况下电路板156可以是环形的,或者标签152和电极层154是圆形的。
标签层152用来保护底层,并提供允许手指在上面活动的表面。所述表面一般是平滑的,使得手指在移动时不粘在上面。标签层152还在手指和电极层154之间提供绝缘层。电极层154包括多个空间分开的电极158,其位置基于极坐标系。例如,在电路板156上电极158按角度和径向定位,使得每一个电极158定义一个独特的角度和/或径向位置。可以采用任何适当数目的电极158。在大多数情况下,最好增加电极158的数目,提供更高的分辨率,亦即,更多的信息可以用于诸如加速度等。在举例说明的实施例中,电极层154分成多个扇形条的电极158。扇形条的电极158可以一起分组,形成一个或多个独特的按钮区域159。在一种实现中,电极层154包括约1024个扇形条的电极,它们一起工作,形成128个扇形条按钮区域159。
一起配置时,触摸板150提供按照电容的原理工作的触摸敏感的表面。应当指出,无论何时,两个导电部件彼此靠近而不实际接触时,它们的电场相互作用,形成电容。在所述配置中,第一导电部件是一个或多个电极158,而第二个导电部件是用户的手指。相应地,当手指靠近触摸板150时,手指和所述手指靠近的电极158之间形成一个小的电容。用位于电路板156背面的控制电路测量每一个电极的电容量。检测每一个电极158电容量的变化,控制电路160可以检测出手指横跨触摸板150运动时的角度和/或径向位置、方向、速度和加速度。控制电路160还可以以可供诸如媒体重放机等计算装置使用的形式报告所述信息。举例来说,控制电路可以包括ASIC(专用集成电路)。
参见图13,现将按照一个实施例讨论径向触摸板178(而不是图12所示的角度触摸板)。触摸板178可以分成几个独立的空间分开的按钮区域180,从触摸板178中心182到触摸板178的圆周184径向定位。任何数目的径向区域均可采用。在一个实施例中,每一个径向区域180都代表触摸板178平面上的径向位置。举例来说,区域180可以以5mm增量隔开。与上述相似,每一个按钮区域180都有一个或多个电极186定位于其中,用以检测诸如手指等物体的存在。在举例说明的实施例中,多个径向电极186结合起来形成每一个按钮区域180。
参见图14,现将按照一个实施例讨论一种角度/径向结合的触摸板188。触摸板188可以分成几个独立的、空间分开的按钮区域190,各按钮区域190既围绕触摸板188的周边按角度定位,又从触摸板188的中心到触摸板188的外围在径向上定位。任何数目的组合区域均可采用。在一个实施例中,每一个组合的按钮区域190都既代表触摸板188平面上的角度定位,又代表径向定位。举例来说,这些区域按2度和5mm增量定位。与上述类似,每一个组合区域190都具有一个或多个电极192定位于其中,用以检测诸如手指等物体的存在。在举例说明的实施例中,多个角度/径向电极192组合,形成每一个按钮区域190。
另外,为了提供更高的分辨率,可以采用更复杂的角度/径向电极配置。例如,如图15所示,触摸板200可以包括角度和径向电极202,这样分裂电极202,使得各连续的区域都不准确重合。在这个实施例中,触摸板200具有环形的形状,电极202从中心起到到圆周遵循围绕触摸板200螺旋轨迹。电极202可以一起分组,形成一个或多个特定的按钮区域204。
应该指出,尽管这里的触摸板全都显示为圆形,但它们也可以采取其他形状,诸如曲线形(例如,椭圆形、环形等)、直线形(例如,六角形、五角形、八角形、矩形、正方形等)或曲线和直线的组合(例如,穹形)。
上面描述的本发明的各个方面可以单独使用,或者以各种方式组合。本发明最好结合硬件和软件实现,但也可以用硬件或软件实现。本发明还可以实现为计算机可读的介质上的计算机可读代码。计算机可读介质是可以存储以后可以被计算机系统读取的数据的任何数据存储装置。计算机可读介质的示例包括只读存储器、随机存取存储器、CD-ROM、DVD、磁带、光学数据存储装置和载波。计算机可读介质还可以是分布在网络连接的计算机系统,使得计算机可读代码以分布的方式存储和执行。
如上所述,触摸板组件可以通过串行接口与主机装置通信。现将描述串行接口的一个示例。串行接口包括至少4个信号,包括时钟、ATN,DATA-IN和DATA-OUT。时钟和DATA-OUT由触摸板组件驱动。ATN和DATA-IN由主机装置驱动。在大多数情况下,由触摸板组件启动分组传输,由触摸板提供时钟并在对触摸板方便的时间完成。主机装置依靠触摸板组件来启动传输。触摸板组件在检测到按钮状态或触摸板位置改变,或者若它检测到ATN信号建立并保持建立状态直至它想要发送的分组传输完之后,传输一个分组。触摸板组件监视ATN信号,并若它看到ATN建立则启动传输。
一般有几种定义的触摸板组件可以传输的分组类型。在这个示例中,至少有两种类型的分组:非请求分组和响应ATN信号而发送的分组。触摸板组件发送非请求分组,除非主机装置专门要求发送另一种类型的分组。在非请求分组的情况下,任何时候只要它检测到按钮状态或触摸板位置发生变化,就定期发送非请求分组。在请求分组的情况下,触摸板组件一般对主机的请求只发送一个分组,然后转回非请求分组。非请求分组一般在它们之间有一个延迟,而响应分组可以响应ATN信号任何时间均可发送。
尽管已经就几个推荐的实施例描述了本发明,但是还有各种落在本发明范围内的改变、置换和等效物。例如,尽管本发明已经用MP3应用重放机为例作了描述,但应明白,本发明的某些特征也可以应用于诸如视频录像机、摄像机等其他类型的媒体重放机。另外,这里描述的MP3应用重放机不限于MP3应用格式。其他音频格式,诸如MP3 VBR(可变位速率),AIFF和WAV格式均可采用。另外,本发明的某些方面不限于手持式装置。例如,触摸板也可以用于诸如便携式计算机、个人数字助理(PDA)、蜂窝电话等。触摸板也可以用于连接到台式或便携式计算机的独立输入装置。还应指出,有许多替代方式可以实现本发明的方法和设备。例如,尽管描述触摸板时是用手指触发的,但应指出,在某些情况下,其他物体也可以用来触发。例如,在触摸板的某些配置中可以采用铁笔或其他物体。因此后附权利要求书拟包括落在本发明的精神和范围内的所有这样的变化、置换和等效物。
Claims (19)
1.一种触摸板组件,它包括:
触摸板,它具有表面和配置为把所述触摸板表面映射成传感器自然坐标的一个或多个传感器;以及
控制器,其配置为
定义一个或多个与所述触摸板的表面相关的逻辑装置单元,
从所述一个或多个传感器接收与所述传感器自然坐标相关联的自然值,
把与所述传感器自然坐标相关的自然值调整为与所述逻辑装置单元相关的新值,并
把所述新值报告主机装置,所述逻辑装置单元与用户可以触发的触摸板区域相关,
其中,所述控制器配置为在把所述新值报告所述主机装置之前让所述自然值通过过滤过程,从而减少向主机报告的数据量。
2.如权利要求1所述的触摸板组件,其特征在于:所述过滤过程包括判断所述自然值是与噪音事件还是实际事件相关。
3.如权利要求2所述的触摸板组件,其特征在于:所述控制器配置为滤除所述噪音事件而允许所述实际事件通过。
4.如权利要求1所述的触摸板组件,其特征在于:所述控制器配置为判断当前自然值和先前接收的自然值之间的差异是否超过预定阈值,并且配置为只有在所述当前自然值和先前接收的自然值之间的差异超过预定阈值时才报告新值。
5.如权利要求1所述的触摸板组件,其特征在于:所述传感器自然坐标包括笛卡尔坐标。
6.如权利要求1所述的触摸板组件,其特征在于:所述传感器自然坐标包括极坐标。
7.如权利要求1所述的触摸板组件,其特征在于:所述逻辑装置单元包括笛卡尔坐标。
8.如权利要求1所述的触摸板组件,其特征在于:所述逻辑装置单元包括极坐标。
9.如权利要求1所述的触摸板组件,其特征在于:以绝对方式报告所述逻辑装置单元的新值。
10.如权利要求1所述的触摸板组件,其特征在于:以相对方式报告所述逻辑装置单元的新值。
11.如权利要求1所述的触摸板组件,其特征在于:以笛卡尔绝对方式、笛卡尔相对方式、极坐标绝对方式或极坐标相对方式报告所述逻辑装置单元的新值。
12.如权利要求1所述的触摸板组件,其特征在于:所述逻辑装置单元的新值实现所述主机装置中的特定控制功能。
13.如权利要求1所述的触摸板组件,其特征在于:所述逻辑装置单元包括围绕所述触摸板表面分布的角度极坐标单元。
14.如权利要求1所述的触摸板组件,其特征在于:所述传感器自然坐标与所述逻辑装置单元定义1024∶1至8∶1之间的比值。
15.如权利要求1所述的触摸板组件,其特征在于包括具有一个或多个传感器的一个或多个触摸按钮,其中,所述控制器配置为从所述一个或多个传感器接收自然值,根据所述自然值判断按钮状态,并把所述按钮状态报告主机装置,所述主机装置利用所述按钮状态实现所述主机装置中的按钮功能。
16.如权利要求15所述的触摸板组件,其特征在于:所述控制器只有在按钮状态发生了变化时才向所述主机装置报告。
17.如权利要求1所述的触摸板组件,其特征在于:所述逻辑装置单元中的每一个与所述主机装置显示屏上不同的运动方向相关。
18.如权利要求1所述的触摸板组件,其特征在于:所述主机装置包括媒体重放机,其配置为对媒体进行存储和播放中的至少一种,所述媒体包括音频、视频和图像中的至少一种,所述媒体重放机包括:配置为支持所述触摸板组件的外壳;配置为显示正文和图形中的至少一种的显示器;以及CPU,所述CPU配置为从所述控制器接收所述逻辑装置单元的新值并根据所述新值向媒体重放机的其他组件发出命令,所述命令至少使得能够移动显示器上的对象。
19.一种触摸板组件,它包括:
触摸板,它具有表面和配置为把所述触摸板表面映射成传感器自然坐标的一个或多个传感器;以及
控制器装置,用以把所述触摸板的表面分为逻辑装置单元、从所述传感器接收与所述传感器自然坐标相关联的自然值、把所述自然值调整为一个或多个与所述逻辑装置单元相关联的新值;以及向主机装置报告所述一个或多个新值,
其中,所述控制器装置配置为在把所述新值报告给所述主机装置之前让所述自然值通过过滤过程,从而减少向主机报告的数据量。
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2003
- 2003-11-25 US US10/722,948 patent/US7495659B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2004
- 2004-08-19 EP EP04781727A patent/EP1687684A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-08-19 WO PCT/US2004/027102 patent/WO2005057328A2/en active Application Filing
- 2004-08-19 DE DE202004021283U patent/DE202004021283U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-08-19 EP EP10011080.8A patent/EP2284658B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-09-08 TW TW093127177A patent/TWI262427B/zh active
- 2004-11-24 CN CN2008100000646A patent/CN101201715B/zh active Active
- 2004-11-24 CN CNB2004100978148A patent/CN100369054C/zh active Active
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2007
- 2007-08-01 US US11/882,422 patent/US8552990B2/en active Active
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2008
- 2008-12-18 HK HK08113734.6A patent/HK1123860A1/xx unknown
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2013
- 2013-10-08 US US14/048,924 patent/US20140191990A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2018
- 2018-07-13 US US16/035,353 patent/US20190033996A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2284658A3 (en) | 2014-09-24 |
US8552990B2 (en) | 2013-10-08 |
US20140191990A1 (en) | 2014-07-10 |
TW200517928A (en) | 2005-06-01 |
EP2284658A2 (en) | 2011-02-16 |
EP1687684A2 (en) | 2006-08-09 |
US20080012837A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
EP1687684A4 (en) | 2007-05-09 |
TWI262427B (en) | 2006-09-21 |
WO2005057328A3 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
WO2005057328A2 (en) | 2005-06-23 |
CN101201715A (zh) | 2008-06-18 |
EP2284658B1 (en) | 2018-11-28 |
US20050110768A1 (en) | 2005-05-26 |
US20190033996A1 (en) | 2019-01-31 |
US7495659B2 (en) | 2009-02-24 |
CN100369054C (zh) | 2008-02-13 |
DE202004021283U1 (de) | 2007-05-24 |
CN1637776A (zh) | 2005-07-13 |
HK1123860A1 (en) | 2009-06-26 |
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