JP2015502562A - 再循環光学遅延を生成および／または提供するための装置および方法 - Google Patents
再循環光学遅延を生成および／または提供するための装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B6/2861—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using fibre optic delay lines and optical elements associated with them, e.g. for use in signal processing, e.g. filtering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
- G02B6/2746—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means comprising non-reciprocal devices, e.g. isolators, FRM, circulators, quasi-isolators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29331—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by evanescent wave coupling
- G02B6/29335—Evanescent coupling to a resonator cavity, i.e. between a waveguide mode and a resonant mode of the cavity
- G02B6/29338—Loop resonators
- G02B6/2934—Fibre ring resonators, e.g. fibre coils
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- G02F1/11—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on acousto-optical elements, e.g. using variable diffraction by sound or like mechanical waves
- G02F1/125—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on acousto-optical elements, e.g. using variable diffraction by sound or like mechanical waves in an optical waveguide structure
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- G02B2207/117—Adjustment of the optical path length
Abstract
例示的な装置および方法が少なくとも１つの電磁放射線を提供するために利用可能である。例えば、第１の特有の期間で経時的に変化する周波数を有する少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線を提供することが可能である。さらに、少なくとも１つのハードウェア構成を用いて、第１の電磁放射線を受信し、該第１の電磁放射線を、第２の特有の期間で経時的に変化する周波数を有する少なくとも１つの第２の電磁放射線に変更する。第２の特有の期間は第１の特有の期間より短くてもよい。ハードウェア構成は第１の特有の期間とほぼ同じであり得る第１の電磁放射線についての往復伝播時間を有する共振空洞を備えてもよい。【選択図】図１
Description
関連出願の相互参照
本出願は、２０１１年１０月１８日に出願された米国特許出願第６１／５４８，４３６号（この全開示は参照により本明細書に組み込まれる）に基づき、それから優先権の利益を主張する。
本出願は、２０１１年１０月１８日に出願された米国特許出願第６１／５４８，４３６号（この全開示は参照により本明細書に組み込まれる）に基づき、それから優先権の利益を主張する。
発明の分野
本開示の例示的な実施形態は、光学、より具体的には、光学遅延を生成および／または提供するための装置および方法に関する。
本開示の例示的な実施形態は、光学、より具体的には、光学遅延を生成および／または提供するための装置および方法に関する。
最近、掃引ソースレーザの繰り返し率の複数の増加が、低デューティサイクルの掃引ソースレーザの光バッファリングにより達成されている。これらの構成において、キロメートル長さおよび場合により、ファイバー遅延ラインの複数の事例が典型的に、適切な光バッファリングを達成するために利用される。実装バッファリングが４×より大きく計画される場合、ファイバー遅延ラインの長さおよび数は、実装するのが冗長になり、管理することが困難になり得る。ＯＣＴイメージングのための掃引ソースレーザは、最大１６×までのバッファスキームで実証されている（例えば、非特許文献１を参照のこと）。
したがって、本明細書上記の欠点の少なくとも一部を扱う必要が存在し得る。
Ｗｏｌｆｇａｎｇ Ｗｉｅｓｅｒら、「Ｍｕｌｔｉ−Ｍｅｇａｈｅｒｔｚ ＯＣＴ：Ｈｉｇｈ ｑｕａｌｉｔｙ ３Ｄ ｉｍａｇｉｎｇ ａｔ ２０ ｍｉｌｌｉｏｎ Ａ−ｓｃａｎｓ ａｎｄ ４．５ ＧＶｏｘｅｌｓ ｐｅｒ ｓｅｃｏｎｄ」、Ｏｐｔｉｃｓ Ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓ、Ｖｏｌ．１８、Ｉｓｓｕｅ １４、ｐｐ．１４６８５−１４７０４（２０１０）
したがって、上記の問題および／または欠点の少なくとも一部は、光学遅延を生成および／または提供するための例示的なシステムおよび方法を提供することにより例示的な実施形態と共に扱われ得る。
したがって、例示的な装置および方法は、少なくとも１つの電磁放射線を提供するのに利用できる。例えば、少なくとも１つの第１のハードウェア構成（アレンジメント、ａｒｒａｎｇｅｍｅｎｔ）を使用することにより、第１の特有の期間で経時的に変化する周波数を有する少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線を提供することができる。さらに、少なくとも１つの第２のハードウェア構成により、第１の電磁放射線を受信し、第１の電磁放射線を、第２の特有の期間で経時的に変化する周波数を有する少なくとも１つの第２の電磁放射線に変更できる。第２の特有の期間は第１の特有の期間より短くてもよい。ハードウェア構成は、第１の特有の期間とほぼ同じであり得る第１の電磁放射線についての往復伝播時間を有する共振空洞を含んでもよい。
本開示の別の例示的な実施形態において、少なくとも１つの第１のハードウェア構成を使用して、第１の特有のデューティサイクルで経時的に繰り返して変化する周波数を有する少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線を提供することができ、第１の特有のデューティサイクルは０．５未満である。さらに、例えば、少なくとも１つの第２のハードウェア構成を使用して、第１の電磁放射線を受信し、第１の電磁放射線を、第１の特有のデューティサイクルより長い第２の特有のデューティサイクルで少なくとも１つの第２の電磁放射線に変更することができる。一例として、第１の特有のデューティサイクルは１／３未満であってもよい。第２の特有のデューティサイクルは約１であってもよい。
本開示のさらなる例示的な実施形態によれば、第２の構成は、第１の電磁放射線を入れ、第２の電磁放射線を放出するように構成される得る結合デバイスを含んでもよい。結合デバイスはＮ×Ｎ導波路デバイスおよび／または音響光学変調器であってもよい。第１の構成はソース構成を含んでもよく、第２の構成は再循環ループを含んでもよい。
本開示のさらなる例示的な実施形態において、第２の構成は、第１の電磁放射線および／または第２の電磁放射線を増幅するように構成され得る増幅デバイスをさらに含んでもよい。
本発明のこれらおよび他の目的、特徴および利点は、添付の特許請求の範囲を考慮して本開示の実施形態の以下の詳細な説明を読んで明らかになるであろう。
本開示のさらなる目的、特徴および利点は、本開示の例示的な実施形態を示す添付の図面と共に以下の詳細な説明から明らかになるであろう。
図面全体にわたって、同じ参照番号および特徴は、もしあれば、および他に示さない限り、示した実施形態の同様の特徴、要素、成分または部分を示すために使用される。さらに、対象の開示が図面を参照して詳細にここで記載されているが、その開示は例示的な実施形態と併せて記載されている。添付の特許請求の範囲により定義される対象の開示の真の範囲および精神から逸脱せずに変更および修飾が記載された実施形態に対してなされてもよいことは意図される。
本開示の特定の例示的な実施形態によれば、単一ファイバー遅延ラインを利用する再循環光バッファリング構成（アレンジメント、ａｒｒａｎｇｅｍｅｎｔ）が提供され得る。例示的な再循環構成は、例えば、光を再循環ループ内に注入できる入力ポートおよびループ内での１つの完全な移動の終わりに光を取り出すことができる出力ポートを含んでもよい。本開示の特定の例示的な実施形態によれば、Ｎ×Ｎ結合デバイスは入力および出力ポートを再循環ループに接続できる。ファイバー遅延ラインはＮ×Ｎ結合デバイスの再循環入力および出力ポートに接続され得る。
本開示の特に例示的な実施形態において、例示的な再循環光バッファリング構成１００は図１に示すように単一ファイバー遅延ライン１０２を利用できる。図１の例示的な再循環光バッファリング構成１００は、入力ポート１０６および出力ポート１０８を再循環ループ１１０に接続するために設けられ得る２×２ポート５０／５０パッシブカプラ１０４を利用できる。本開示の特定の例示的な実施形態によれば、入力ポート１０６内に注入される光および／または他の電磁放射線は、例えば、約３ｄＢの損失で、出力ポート１０８および再循環ループ１１０に同時に結合され得る。再循環ループ１１０から出て行く光および／または他の電磁放射線は、例えば、さらに約３ｄＢの損失で、出力ポート１０８および再循環ループ１１０の両方内で再結合され得る。本開示の特定の例示的な実施形態において、一定の入力電力対出力電力の比は、固定遅延ループサイクルで振幅が徐々に減少され得るように提供され得る。全再循環ループ経路時間遅延は、例えば、注入した光の「パルス」幅と等しくなるように選択され得る。パルスは、インパルスであってもよく、または例えば、掃引レーザの場合、単一掃引についての時間であってもよい。この例示的な再循環構成は、遅延光「パルス」の開始が、遅延していないまたは以前に遅延した「パルス」の終わりと一致することを確実および／または容易にできる。
本開示の別の例示的な実施形態によれば、動的に調整可能な結合デバイスとして音響光学変調器（「ＡＯＭ」）２０２が、例えば、図２に示される、別の例示的な再循環光バッファリング構成２００において提供されてもよい。この例示的な実施形態によれば、入力ポート２０４内に注入される光（または他の電磁放射線）は、例えば、複数（例えば２つ）の可能な経路を有し得る。例えば、（ａ）ＡＯＭ２０２がオフである場合、光および／または電磁放射線は、好ましくは回折せずにＡＯＭ２０２を通して移動でき、構成の出力ポート２０６に入ることができる；ならびに（ｂ）ＡＯＭ２０２がアクティブである場合、光および／または電磁放射線は、ＡＯＭ２０２に印加される電力により与えられるいくらかの回折効率でＡＯＭ２０２を通して移動でき、回折していない光は構成の出力ポート２０６に入ることができ、一方、回折した光は再瞬間ループ２０８に入ることができる。再循環ループ２０８から出て行く光および／または電磁放射線もまた、複数（例えば２つ）の可能な経路を有してもよい。例えば、（ａ）ＡＯＭ２０２がオフである場合、光は回折せずにＡＯＭ２０２を通して移動でき、再循環ループ２０８に再び入ることができる；ならびに（ｂ）ＡＯＭ２０２がアクティブである場合、光および／または電磁放射線は、ＡＯＭ２０２に印加される電力により与えられるいくらかの回折効率でＡＯＭ２０２を通して移動でき、回折していない光は再循環ループ２０８に入ることができ、一方、回折した光は例示的な構成２００の出力ポート２０６に入ることができる。
本開示によればこの例示的な再循環構成２００は、各々の固定遅延ループについて動的に調整可能および最適化された入力電力対出力電力の比を容易にできる。例えば、再循環構成（２００）内への光および／または電磁放射線の最初の注入はＡＯＭ２０２に印加される最大電力で行われることができ、最も高い回折効率を提供できる。この例示的な構造は、例えば、光の大部分を再循環ループ２０８内に注入することを容易にでき、一方で、回折していない光は出力ポート２０６に入ることができ、非遅延出力になり得る。全ての例示的な再循環ループ経路時間遅延は、注入した光「パルス」幅と等しい（またはほぼ同じ）ように選択され得る。パルスがインパルスであり得る場合、または例えば、掃引ソースレーザの場合、単一掃引についての時間が使用されてもよい。この例示的な構成２００は、遅延光「パルス」の開始が遅延していないまたは以前に遅延した「パルス」の終わりと一致することを容易および／または確実にできる。
例示的な再循環構成要素および経路は、挿入損失を減少させるように選択され得る。例えば、ＡＯＭのゼロ次経路が利用されてもよい。これは、ポストバッファブースターステージのために光パワー損失が非常に大きくなる前に、達成可能なループの数を最大化できる。
本開示のさらに別の例示的な実施形態によれば、動的に調整可能な結合デバイスとしてＡＯＭ３０２は、例えば、図３に示したように、さらに別の例示的な再循環光バッファリング構成３００において提供され得る。この例示的な実施形態によれば、入力ポート３０４内に注入される光および／または電磁放射線は、好ましくは、ＡＯＭ３０２がアクティブである場合、再循環ループ３０８のみに入ることができる。ＡＯＭ３０２がアクティブでない場合、光および／または電磁放射線は、好ましくは、回折せずに、いかなるポートにも入らずに、ＡＯＭ３０２を通して移動する。この例示的な構成において、注入される光および／または電磁放射線は、好ましくは、第１の遅延していない出力をもはや提供しない。しかしながら、この例示的な構造は、ＡＯＭ３０２がアクティブである場合、入力ポートについての最も低い挿入損失を再循環ループに提供できる。再循環ループ３０８から出て行く光および／または電磁放射線は、複数（例えば２つ）の可能な経路を有し得る。例えば、（ａ）ＡＯＭ３０２がオフである場合、光は、回折せずにＡＯＭ３０２を通して移動でき、再循環ループ３０８に再び入ることができる；ならびに（ｂ）ＡＯＭ３０２がアクティブである場合、光はＡＯＭ３０２に印加される電力により与えられるいくらかの回折効率でＡＯＭ３０２を通して移動でき、回折していない光および／または電磁放射線は再循環ループ３０８に入ることができ、一方、回折した光は例示的な構成３００の出力ポート３０６に入ることができる。
本開示のこの例示的な実施形態は、各々の固定遅延ループについての動的に調整可能および最適化された入力電力対出力電力の比を容易にできる。例えば、再循環構成３００内への光の最初の注入はＡＯＭ３０２に印加される最大電力で行われることができ、例えば、最も高い回折効率を提供する。この例示的な構造は、光および／または電磁放射線の大部分を再循環ループ３０８内に注入することを容易にでき、一方、回折していない光および／または電磁放射線は損失され得る。全再循環ループ経路時間遅延は、注入される光「パルス」幅と等しくまたは実質的に同じになるように選択され得る。パルスがインパルスであり得る場合、または例えば、掃引ソースレーザの場合、単一掃引のための時間が提供される。この例示的な構成３００は、遅延光「パルス」の開始が以前の遅延した「パルス」の終わりと一致することを容易にできる。
上記は本開示の原理の単なる例示である。記載された実施形態に対する種々の修飾および変更は本明細書の教示を考慮して当業者に明白になるであろう。実際に、本開示の例示的な実施形態に係る構成（アレンジメント）、システムおよび方法は、任意のＯＣＴシステム、ＯＦＤＩシステム、ＳＤ−ＯＣＴシステムまたは他のイメージングシステムと共におよび／またはこれらを実装して使用されてもよく、例えば、２００５年５月２６日に国際特許公開番号ＷＯ２００５／０４７８１３として公開された、２００４年９月８日に出願された国際特許出願ＰＣＴ／ＵＳ２００４／０２９１４８、２００６年５月４日に米国特許出願公開第２００６／００９３２７６号として公開された、２００５年１１月２日に出願された米国特許出願第１１／２６６，７７９号、２００５年１月２７日に米国特許出願公開第２００５／００１８２０１号として公開された、２００４年７月９日に出願された米国特許出願公開第１０／５０１，２７６号、２００２年５月９日に公開された、米国特許出願公開第２００２／０１２２２４６号、米国特許出願公開第６１／６４９，５４６号、米国特許出願公開第１１／６２５，１３５号、および米国特許出願公開第６１／５８９，０８３号（それらの開示はその全体が本明細書により参照される）に記載されたものと共に使用されてもよい。
本明細書に記載される例示的な手順は、ハードドライブ、ＲＡＭ、ＲＯＭ、リムーバルディスク、ＣＤ−ＲＯＭ、メモリスティックなどを含む、任意のコンピュータアクセス可能な媒体に保存されることができ、複数および／またはそれらの組み合わせを含む、ハードウェアプロセッサ、マイクロプロセッサ、ミニ、マクロ、メインフレームなどであってもよいおよび／またはそれらを含んでもよいプロセス構成および／またはコンピュータ構成により実行されることができることは理解されるべきである。さらに、明細書、図面およびその特許請求の範囲を含む、本開示で使用される特定の用語は、限定されないが、例えばデータおよび情報を含む、特定の事例において同意語として使用されてもよい。互いに同義語であり得るこれらの用語、および／または他の用語は、本明細書において同義語として使用されてもよく、また、このような用語が同義語として使用されないことを意図している場合も存在し得ることは理解されるべきである。さらに、従来技術の知見が本明細書上記の参照により明確に組み込まれていない範囲について、その全体は本明細書に明確に組み込まれてもよい。
したがって、当業者は、本明細書に明確に示されまたは記載されていないが、本開示の原理を実現する、多くのシステム、構成および方法を考案できるので、それらは本開示の精神および範囲内にあることは理解されるであろう。さらに、本明細書に記載される種々の例示的な実施形態は、当業者に理解されるはずである、全ての他の例示的に記載される実施形態と交換可能に使用されてもよい。さらに、従来技術の知見が本明細書上記の参照により明確に組み込まれていない範囲について、その全体は本明細書に明確に組み込まれてもよい。上記の本明細書に参照される全ての文献はその全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
Claims (18)
- 第１の特有の期間で経時的に変化する周波数を有する少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線を提供するように構成される少なくとも１つの第１のハードウェア構成と、
前記少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線を受信し、前記少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線を、第２の特有の期間で経時的に変化する周波数を有する少なくとも１つの第２の電磁放射線に変更するように構成される少なくとも１つの第２のハードウェア構成と、
を備え、
前記第２の特有の期間は前記第１の特有の期間より短く、
少なくとも１つの第２の構成は、前記第１の特有の期間とほぼ同じである前記少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線についての往復伝播時間を有する共振空洞を含む、
少なくとも１つの電磁放射線を提供する装置。 - 前記少なくとも１つの第２の構成が、前記少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線を入れ、前記少なくとも１つの第２の電磁放射線を放出するように構成される結合デバイスを備える、請求項１に記載の装置。
- 前記結合デバイスがＮ×Ｎ導波路デバイスである、請求項２に記載の装置。
- 前記結合デバイスが音響光学変調器である、請求項２に記載の装置。
- 少なくとも１つの第１の構成がソース構成を備える、請求項１に記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも１つの第２の構成が再循環ループを備える、請求項１に記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも１つの第２の構成が、前記少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線または前記少なくとも１つの第２の電磁放射線の少なくとも１つを増幅するように構成される増幅デバイスをさらに備える、請求項１に記載の装置。
- 第１の特有のデューティサイクルで経時的に繰り返して変化する周波数を有する少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線を提供するように構成される少なくとも１つの第１のハードウェア構成であって、前記第１の特有のデューティサイクルは０．５未満である、少なくとも１つの第１のハードウェア構成と、
前記少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線を受信し、前記少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線を、前記第１の特有のデューティサイクルより長い第２の特有のデューティサイクルで少なくとも１つの第２の電磁放射線に変更するように構成される少なくとも１つの第２のハードウェア構成と、
を備える、少なくとも１つの電磁放射線を提供する装置。 - 前記第１の特有のデューティサイクルが１／３未満である、請求項８に記載の装置。
- 前記第２の特有のデューティサイクルが約１である、請求項８に記載の装置。
- 少なくとも１つの第２の構成が、少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線を入れ、前記少なくとも１つの第２の電磁放射線を放出するように構成される結合デバイスを備える、請求項８に記載の装置。
- 前記結合デバイスがＮ×Ｎ導波路デバイスである、請求項１１に記載の装置。
- 前記結合デバイスが音響光学変調器である、請求項１１に記載の装置。
- 少なくとも１つの第１の構成がソース構成を備える、請求項８に記載の装置。
- 少なくとも１つの第２の構成が再循環ループを備える、請求項８に記載の装置。
- 少なくとも１つの第２の構成が、前記少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線または前記少なくとも１つの第２の電磁放射線の少なくとも１つを増幅するように構成される増幅デバイスをさらに備える、請求項８に記載の装置。
- 第１の特有の期間で経時的に変化する周波数を有する少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線を提供するステップを含み、
少なくとも１つのハードウェア構成が、前記少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線を受信し、前記少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線を、第２の特有の期間で経時的に変化する周波数を有する少なくとも１つの第２の電磁放射線に変更し、
前記第２の特有の期間は前記第１の特有の期間より短く、
前記少なくとも１つのハードウェア構成は、前記第１の特有の期間とほぼ同じである前記少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線についての往復伝播時間を有する共振空洞を備える、
少なくとも１つの電磁放射線を提供する方法。 - 第１の特有のデューティサークルで経時的に繰り返し変化する周波数を有する少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線を提供するステップであって、前記第１の特有のデューティサークルは０．５未満である、ステップと、
前記少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線を受信し、前記少なくとも１つの第１の電磁放射線を、前記第１の特有のデューティサークルより長い第２の特有のデューティサークルで少なくとも１つの第２の電磁放射線に変更するステップと、
を含む、少なくとも１つの電磁放射線を提供する方法。
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20130094796A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
| EP2769491A1 (en) | 2014-08-27 |
| WO2013066631A1 (en) | 2013-05-10 |
| US20160231507A1 (en) | 2016-08-11 |
| EP2769491A4 (en) | 2015-07-22 |
| US9341783B2 (en) | 2016-05-17 |
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