CN106061280A - 制造食品的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种制造食品的方法，所述方法包括提供被配置来接触所述食品的至少一个制造器械。将释放剂雾化并从排出装置排出。无需向所述释放剂施加压力来实现所述雾化。将所述雾化的释放剂施加至被配置来接触所述食品的所述至少一个制造器械的表面或所述食品的表面二者之一。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品(comestible)制造方法和系统，更具体地讲，涉及用于在食品制造系统内施加释放剂的方法和系统。
背景技术
典型地，制作和包装食品诸如糖食或咀嚼型胶基糖的方法很花时间且涉及大量机械设备。例如，制作和包装胶基糖产品的方法可包括混合和生产成品胶基糖成不均匀的输出物、将成品胶基糖挤出和形成为条块、调理成品胶基糖的条块、将条块挤出成成品胶基糖的连续薄片材、将连续片材辗过一连串的辊成为均匀的减少的厚度、将片材进行刻划和分成各单个刻划片材、在调理室调理各单个片材、将片材划分成胶基糖块以及包装胶基糖块。这样的制作和包装胶基糖产品的方法在被转让给本受让人的前权益人的美国专利第6,254,373号和被转让给本受让人的美国专利申请第15/352,110号中被公开；所述专利和专利申请的教导和公开内容，只要不与本公开相矛盾，则以引用方式整体并入本文。
在制作和包装食品的过程中，食品可粘在一个或更多个系统部件(例如成型辊或切割器)上。这种附着会导致食品不期望地粘附到制造用部件并对制造产生有害影响。这种附着可能甚至需要暂停制造系统，以便润滑部件或重新校准系统。在食品形成过程中，通常采用粉末隔离剂(powder dusting materials)作为防粘剂。然而粉末隔离剂会随着时间累积，导致在产品或制造系统的部件上积聚。此外，在作业线转变后，粉末隔离剂的应用需要大量的清洁时间，并且通常需要昂贵的清除系统。
本发明涉及对此类现有胶基糖产品制作和包装的系统和方法的改进和发展。
发明内容
本发明公开了一种制造食品的方法，该方法包括提供被配置来接触所述食品的至少一个制造器械。将释放剂(releasing agent)雾化并从排出装置排出。无需向释放剂施加压力来实现雾化。将雾化的释放剂施加至被配置来接触所述食品的所述至少一个制造器械的表面或所述食品的表面二者之一。
本发明公开了另一种制造食品的方法，该方法包括提供被配置来接触所述食品的至少一个成型器械。本发明提供了一种排出装置，该排出装置被配置来以低于35英尺/秒的速度排出释放剂的雾化喷雾。将释放剂施加至被配置来接触所述食品的所述至少一个制造器械的表面或所述食品的表面上。
本发明公开了另一种制造食品的方法，该方法包括提供被配置来接触所述食品的至少一个成型器械。本发明提供了一种被配置来排出释放剂的排出装置。所述释放剂包括多个均匀分布的液滴(droplet)。将释放剂施加至被配置来接触所述食品的所述至少一个制造器械的表面或所述食品的表面二者之一。
附图简要说明
被并入本说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分的附图体现了本发明的几个方面，并且连同具体实施方式一起用以解释本发明的原理。在附图中：
图1是根据本发明实施例的一个食品制造系统的示意图，该系统包括至少一个排出装置；
图2是根据本发明实施例的另一个食品制造系统的示意图，该系统包括至少一个排出装置；以及
图3为根据本发明实施例的排出装置的侧视图。
具体实施方式
下文的公开内容将详述根据本发明的具体实施例，这些具体实施例提供了用于在食品制造过程中防止食品材料附着至一个或更多个成型部件(例如定型部件、切割部件和刻划部件等)的改进点。在一个实施例中，系统包括一组或一对辊，这些辊用于把食品结构/料团形成为具有所需厚度和宽度的连续幅材或片材，同时控制食品的温度。本文考虑到了例如但不限于美国专利申请第61/522,767号中描述的那些辊，该专利申请全文以引用方式并入本文。还考虑到了诸如美国专利申请第61/510,119号中描述的移动壁，该专利申请全文以引用方式并入本文。
包括在本文所述的食品料团和片材中的食品包括任何类型的可食用产品，例如但不限于咀嚼型胶基糖(处于任何阶段的，包括弹性体、半成品基料、成品咀嚼型胶基糖基料和成品咀嚼型胶基糖)、糖食(可与咀嚼型胶基糖和糖果同义)、甜味饼干和咸味饼干、蛋糕、坚果和谷物等。为便于描述，在说明书的剩余部分，食品将被称为咀嚼型胶基糖。咀嚼型胶基糖的某些组成可具有不均匀的质构和/或含有多层组成。
另外，所述系统无需使用粉末隔离剂。无需使用隔离剂使得食品制造作业线的清除过程变得非常简单。因为在传统的轧制和刻划作业线中，使用了粉末和大量的辊，相当大一部分残留的杂乱物(mess)需要很长时间才能清除。此外，隔离剂会在系统部件和/或食品上积累，这可能对食品的味道或质量造成不利影响。
现在参见图1和图2，示出了用于形成咀嚼型胶基糖的示例性系统。食品制造系统10通常包括食品混合工位20，以及包括至少一对辊40的食品成型或定型工位30。系统10可额外包括位于食品定型工位30下游的进一步压光辊(smoothing roller)80。如图所示，制造系统10还可包括刻划辊85和切割辊90。
在图1所示的制造系统10中，食品成型工位30包括布置在其上游或入口点的料斗35。成型工位30还包括辊对40，在该实施例中，该辊对包括上辊45和下辊50。辊45、50由外部驱动，例如，由可操作地联接的马达驱动(未示出)。在一个示例性实施例中，辊45、50中的每个辊都设有马达，使得每个辊45、50的转速可被单独控制。
料斗35被设置为靠近辊40，可用于上游反冲控制(surge control)、容量和进料控制。料斗35限制、积累和进料从混合工位20提供食品料团15，并将料团15进料到通常位于辊对40之间的入口或间隙区55内。
食品料团15移动穿过料斗35，例如通过重力或者在设置在料斗35中的导辊(未示出)的协助下完成。在图1的示例性实施例中，随着食品料团15从料斗输出端离开，其被下辊50朝上辊45以及上辊45和下辊50之间的间隙55导向。反向旋转的上辊45和下辊50将食品料团15在辊对40(本文也称之为“成型辊”或“定型辊”)之间的间隙55之间拉过，以将食品料团15形成和定型为食品片材25。
离开辊对40的间隙55后，传送带75将具有最终厚度或大致最终厚度(对于一些片材或厚片成型系统，该厚度介于约0.3mm至10mm之间)的食品片材25朝压光辊80移动，该压光辊用于去除表面缺陷、扭结，还可进一步减小食品片材25的厚度。
在图1的示例性实施例中，系统10还包括食品成型工位30下游的刻划辊85和横向划分或切割辊90。刻划辊85和横向划分辊90将食品片材25刻划并划分为单个的刻划片材。随后可将刻划片材传送至冷却隧道(未示出)以进一步调理。此后，可将食品运输至可能与系统10处于同一条作业线的进一步加工和包装设备，以生产包装的食品产品。
压光辊80、刻划辊85和划分辊90及其同等设备被认为是成型系统10内的成型或制造器械。在一些实施例中，除了刻划辊85和划分辊90或作为刻划辊85和划分辊90的取代，系统10可包括其他食品成形解决方案，诸如降落辊(drop-roller)、冲剪机、制粒机或其他类似的食品成形设备(前提是片材被冷却到足够的程度)。这样，食品制造系统10可生产具有各种最终形状、可在随后包装的食品或者随后进行包衣的小丸。
在制造系统10的另一个实施例中，如图2所示，食品成型工位30包括定型式挤出机95和多个定型辊40。定型式挤出机95是低剪切挤出机，它被配置来使从混合工位20提供的食品料团15通过具有限定宽度孔口的成型模(未示出)，从而形成大体均匀的挤出物15a，该挤出物可为尺寸基本一致的连续料流，或作为另一种选择，它可被定期切割成食品料团15的单独成形块。在所示的非限制性实施例中，多个定型辊40通常成对布置，例如六对40a至40f，每对40包括上辊45和下辊50，如图所示。在这些实施例中，每对40中的上辊45和下辊50包括旋转轴，所述旋转轴垂直地偏置以有利于形成辊之间的间隙(未示出)。多对定型辊40通常被依次布置在传送带75中的间隙或开口上方，使得定型式挤出机95形成的成形食品料团15a连续通过多个定型辊40中的每一个。每个连续辊对40之间的距离或间隙可基本上相同，或者作为另外一种选择，可通常递减以便逐渐减小成形食品料团15a的厚度。
每个辊对40被配置来当成形食品料团15a通过上辊45和下辊50之间时将成形食品料团15a压缩或变形以及拉长，以便提供大体均匀的厚度。随后可根据食品的配方将具有大体均匀厚度的食品片材25的厚度65扩展或收缩。此外，在通过一系列辊40以后，可随后将具有大体均匀厚度的食品片材25成形、质构化和/或打印，这可改变大体均匀的厚度。
食品成型工位30的任一实施例的辊40可被配置来具有光滑的表面光洁度。另外，辊40也可被配置来具有任何期望的致动装置(未示出)，例如但不限于伺服机构，该伺服机构控制每个辊对40中的辊45和辊50相对于彼此的垂直位置，从而调整它们之间的间隙55。
参见图1和图2两者，排出装置100被配置来在一个或更多个在制造过程中接触食品的部件的表面上，或者在食品自身的表面上形成释放剂的连续或不连续膜、层或覆层。示例性释放剂包括但不限于例如食品级植物油或矿物油、中链甘油三酸酯以及任何其他食用油或润滑油。可施加释放剂以防止食品料团15或片材25附着到制造器械或部件，诸如定型辊45、50。作为另外一种选择，可由于除防止附着到制造器械以外的其他原因施加释放剂，诸如改变食品的质构，或者帮助解决包装问题。在一个实施例中，所施加的释放剂具有期望的风味物，使得当释放剂接触食品时，释放剂的风味物转移至食品。
在图1和图2所示的非限制性实施例中，至少一个排出装置100被设置在制造系统10内，以便于润滑食品成形系统30的定型辊对40的下辊，诸如辊50。作为另外一种选择或除此之外，另一个排出装置100可被配置来将释放剂的覆层施加至定型辊对40中的上辊，诸如辊45的表面。系统10中的多个排出装置100可为独立的或彼此流体联接。
在图2的示例性实施例中，排出装置100也被布置为邻近定型式挤出机95的输出端，并且被配置来将释放剂施加至食品料团15a的一个或更多个表面。尽管将排出装置100被描述为通常润滑成型系统30的一个或更多个定型辊45、50，或在食品料团15a进入一个或多个定型辊45、50之前润滑该食品料团，但排出装置100可被布置在系统10内的任何位置，并且可被配置来将释放剂施加至系统10中被配置来接触食品的任何部件。示例性部件包括但不限于例如压光辊80、刻划辊85、划分辊90、旋转链模件以及切割和裹包系统的一个或更多个截断刀片。
通过将排出装置大体垂直设置在要润滑的表面的水平中点上方，诸如在辊50的水平直径上或其上方，重力可与喷雾速度相结合来帮助将释放剂递送至所需表面。由于释放剂排出的速度低，基本上全部释放剂倾向于落在所需表面上并且形成膜或覆层。这提供了相对于传统压力喷嘴的明显优势，如果使用传统压力喷嘴，液体在高速(高于35英尺/秒)下被排出，导致相当大一部分的液体从涂覆的表面反弹离开。
现在参见图3，它更详细地示出了被配置来与食品制造系统10一起使用的排出装置100。在所示的非限制性实施例中，排出装置100包括流动联结至液体递送系统(在110示意性地示出)的超声雾化喷嘴105。在一个示例性实施例中，当释放剂流经喷嘴105时，超声喷嘴105使用高频声音振动将来自递送系统110的液体(即释放剂)雾化成具有多个液滴的细喷雾120。由于超声喷嘴105通常不依靠压力，喷雾120从喷嘴105的雾化表面115喷出的速度明显低于从加压喷嘴喷出的速度。喷雾120的速度通常低于35英尺/秒，更具体地讲，可在约0.5英尺/秒至约5英尺/秒的范围内，并且优选地介于约0.7英尺/秒和约1.2英尺/秒之间。此外，喷嘴105雾化液体的速度主要由液体递送系统110的液体被提供给喷嘴105的速度决定。在一个实施例中，来自喷嘴105的雾化液体的流量基本不变，并且介于约5mL/min和约100mL/min之间。
构成超声喷嘴105产生的喷雾120的雾化液体液滴具有相对较窄并且易于控制的分布。液滴的大小取决于喷嘴105的雾化表面115的振动频率以及被雾化液体的表面张力和密度。在所示的非限制性实施例中，连接至喷嘴105的外壳125的一个或更多个空气喷射器130被设置成邻近超声喷嘴105的雾化表面115。通过将低速喷雾120夹带在辅助空气流(如由空气喷射器130提供)中，可精确控制和成形从喷嘴105的雾化表面115排出的喷雾120。喷雾120的形状不仅可被所使用的超声喷嘴105的形状控制，而且还可通过调整一个或多个空气喷射器130相对于超声喷嘴105的雾化表面115的位置和角度来控制，这导致喷雾液滴具有大体均匀的分布。在一个实施例中，喷雾120的形状可具有在约0.015英寸至约3英寸范围内的宽度。
应当理解，尽管系统10在图1和图2中被示为连续作业线，但在其他实施例中，食品制造系统10的这些部件中的一个或更多个可位于制造车间的不同部分或者甚至在不同的制造车间里。例如，在一个实施例中，食品混合系统20位于一个车间，食品成型系统55和其他后继部件(诸如刻划辊和划分辊以及包装组件)位于不同的车间，其中混合食品料团15从一个车间转移至另外一个车间进行后续处理。
本文引用的所有参考文献，包括出版物、专利申请和专利在内，都以引用方式并入本文，犹如每个参考文献都单独地和具体地被指明以引用方式并入且在本文中整体阐述。
在描述本发明的情形下(尤其在所附权利要求书的情形下)，除非本文中另有说明或上下文明显抵触，否则术语“一”、“一种”、“所述”以及类似指示物的使用应被理解为涵盖单数和复数含义两者。除非另有指明，否则术语“包含”、“具有”、“包括”和“含有”应被解释为开放式术语(即，意为“包括但不限于”)。除非本文另有说明，否则本文对数值范围的叙述仅仅意图作为单独地提及落入该范围内的每个单独数值的简略方法，并且每个单独数值被并入本说明书中，犹如它被单独地在本文中叙述。除非本文中另有说明或上下文明显抵触，否则本文描述的所有方法都可按任何合适的顺序执行。除非另有声明，否则本文提供的任何和所有例子或示例性语言(例如，“如”)的使用都意图仅仅为了更好地阐明本发明，而非对本发明的范围加以限制。本说明书中没有任何语言应被解释为表明任何非要求权利保护的要素对于本发明的实施是必要的。
本文中描述了本发明的优选实施例，包括发明人已知的实施本发明的最佳方式。对本领域的技术人员来说，在阅读前面的描述后，那些优选实施例的变型形式将变得显而易见。发明人预期本领域的技术人员会适当采用这些变型形式，并且发明人意图本发明由除本文所描述的具体方式之外的其它方式来进行实施。相应地，在得到适用的法律允许的前提下，本发明包括所附的权利要求书中所陈述的主题的所有修改形式和等同形式。此外，除非本文中另有说明或上下文明显抵触，否则本发明涵盖以上描述的要素的所有可能的变型形式的任何组合。
Claims (36)
1.一种制造食品的方法，所述方法包括：
提供被配置来接触所述食品的至少一个制造器械；
雾化所述释放剂并且从所述排出装置中排出所述释放剂，其中无需向所述释放剂施加压力来实现所述雾化；以及
将所述释放剂施加至被配置来接触所述食品的所述至少一个制造器械的表面，或施加至所述食品的表面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括通过所述排出装置向所述释放剂施加振动以实现所述雾化。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，所述振动为超声振动。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述排出装置被配置来以低于35英尺/秒的速度排出所述释放剂的雾化喷雾。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述排出装置包括邻近的空气喷射器，所述空气喷射器被配置来提供空气流，使得来自所述排出装置的所述释放剂变成被夹带在所述空气流中。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中所述空气喷射器被配置来控制雾化的释放剂的形状。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述至少一个制造器械是被配置来定型食品的至少一个辊。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述至少一个制造器械是被配置来定型食品的一对辊。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述至少一个制造器械选自成型辊、成型辊对、刻划辊、切割辊、料绳定型系统中的辊、切割和刻划作业线中的辊以及切割和裹包系统的截断机型刀片中的一个。
10.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述释放剂包括被配置来转移到所述食品的风味物。
11.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述食品是咀嚼型胶基糖。
12.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述排出装置被配置来将所述释放剂均匀地分布至被配置来接触所述食品的所述至少一个制造器械的所述表面之上，或者所述食品的所述表面之上。
13.一种制造食品的方法，所述方法包括：
提供被配置来接触所述食品的至少一个制造器械；
提供排出装置，所述排出装置被配置来以低于35英尺/秒的速度排出释放剂；以及
将所述释放剂施加至被配置来接触所述食品的所述至少一个制造器械的表面或所述食品的表面二者之一。
14.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中排出的所述释放剂的所述速度介于约0.7英尺/秒和约1.2英尺/秒之间。
15.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中所述排出装置包括超声喷嘴。
16.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中所述释放剂以包括多个液滴的雾化喷雾从所述排出装置排出。
17.根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中雾化喷雾的所述液滴的基本上全部落在并保留在被配置来接触所述食品的所述至少一个制造器械的所述表面上或所述食品的表面上。
18.根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中所述排出装置被配置来均匀地分布所述释放剂的多个液滴。
19.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中所述排出装置大体垂直设置于水平中点制造器械上方。
20.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中所述至少一个制造器械是被配置来定型食品的至少一个辊。
21.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中所述至少一个制造器械是被配置来定型食品的一对辊。
22.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中所述至少一个制造器械选自成型辊、成型辊对、刻划辊、切割辊、料绳定型系统中的辊、切割和刻划作业线中的辊以及切割和裹包系统的截断机型刀片中的一个。
23.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中所述食品是咀嚼型胶基糖。
24.一种制造食品的方法，所述方法包括：
提供被配置来接触食品的至少一个制造器械；
提供被配置来排出释放剂的至少一个排出装置，所述释放剂包括多个均匀分布的液滴；
将所述释放剂施加至被配置来接触所述食品的所述至少一个制造器械的表面或所述食品的表面二者之一。
25.根据权利要求23所述的方法，其中所述多个液滴的基本上全部落在并保留在被配置来接触所述食品的所述至少一个制造器械的所述表面或所述食品的所述表面上。
26.根据权利要求23所述的方法，其中所述至少一个排出装置包括超声喷嘴。
27.根据权利要求23所述的方法，其中所述释放剂以包括所述多个均匀分布的液滴的雾化喷雾从所述排出装置排出。
28.根据权利要求23所述的方法，其中所述排出装置包括邻近的空气喷射器，所述空气喷射器被配置来提供空气流，使得来自所述超声喷嘴的所述喷雾变成被夹带在所述空气流中。
29.根据权利要求27所述的方法，其中所述空气喷射器被配置来控制来自所述超声喷嘴的所述雾化喷雾的形状。
30.根据权利要求28所述的方法，其中来自所述超声喷嘴的所述雾化喷雾的所述形状可通过调整所述空气喷射器相对于所述超声喷嘴的位置进行控制。
31.根据权利要求23所述的方法，其中所述至少一个制造器械是被配置来定型食品的至少一个辊。
32.根据权利要求23所述的方法，其中所述至少一个制造器械是被配置来定型食品的一对辊。
33.根据权利要求23所述的方法，其中所述至少一个制造器械选自成型辊、成型辊对、刻划辊、切割辊、料绳定型系统中的辊、切割和刻划作业线中的辊以及切割和裹包系统的截断机型刀片中的一个。
34.根据权利要求23所述的方法，其中所述食品是咀嚼型胶基糖。
35.根据权利要求23所述的方法，其中所述多个均匀分布的液滴在被配置来接触所述食品的所述至少一个制造器械的所述表面或者所述食品的所述表面之上形成连续覆层。
36.根据权利要求23所述的方法，其中所述多个均匀分布的液滴在被配置来接触所述食品的所述至少一个制造器械的所述表面或者所述食品的所述表面之上形成不连续覆层。
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- 2015-02-27 WO PCT/US2015/018072 patent/WO2015134326A1/en active Application Filing
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- 2015-02-27 US US15/123,387 patent/US10334867B2/en active Active
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| WO2013013045A2 (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2013-01-24 | Kraft Foods Global Brands Llc | Advanced gum forming |
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| CN107242340B (zh) * | 2017-06-16 | 2020-10-23 | 福州高科新技术开发有限公司 | 一种保鲜杨梅蜜饯的生产工艺 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2016130013A3 (zh) | 2018-04-03 |
| RU2657021C2 (ru) | 2018-06-08 |
| US10334867B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 |
| JP2023087105A (ja) | 2023-06-22 |
| US20170215455A1 (en) | 2017-08-03 |
| BR112016016620A2 (pt) | 2017-10-03 |
| MX2016011041A (es) | 2016-11-29 |
| JP2019110926A (ja) | 2019-07-11 |
| WO2015134326A1 (en) | 2015-09-11 |
| CN117694443A (zh) | 2024-03-15 |
| JP2021164487A (ja) | 2021-10-14 |
| JP2017511689A (ja) | 2017-04-27 |
| EP3131405A1 (en) | 2017-02-22 |
| RU2016130013A (ru) | 2018-04-03 |
| JP7353785B2 (ja) | 2023-10-02 |
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Application publication date: 20161026 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |