BRPI0314854B1 - Cateter balão, processo para seu revestimento, e uso de uma solução. - Google Patents
Cateter balão, processo para seu revestimento, e uso de uma solução. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- BRPI0314854B1 BRPI0314854B1 BRPI0314854-8A BRPI0314854A BRPI0314854B1 BR PI0314854 B1 BRPI0314854 B1 BR PI0314854B1 BR PI0314854 A BRPI0314854 A BR PI0314854A BR PI0314854 B1 BRPI0314854 B1 BR PI0314854B1
- Authority
- BR
- Brazil
- Prior art keywords
- balloon
- balloon catheter
- fact
- water
- tissue
- Prior art date
Links
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61M25/10—Balloon catheters
- A61M25/1002—Balloon catheters characterised by balloon shape
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/54—Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances
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- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
- A61L29/08—Materials for coatings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
- A61L29/08—Materials for coatings
- A61L29/085—Macromolecular materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
- A61L29/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. lubricating compositions
- A61L29/16—Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/08—Materials for coatings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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Abstract
"dispositivo médico para difusão de medicamentos". a presente invenção refere-se a um tratamento seletivo de seções de tecido ou partes de órgãos doentes, tendo a superfície de dispositivos médicos entrando em contato com áreas dos mesmos sob pressão que é revestida com medicamentos lipófilos substâncialmente insolúveis na água ligando-se com vários componentes de tecido com boa aderência aos mesmos, os ditos medicamentos tendo efeito mediante um curto tempo após entrarem em contato com os mesmos sem exercer uma influência danosa sobre o tecido sadio adjacente.
Description
(54) Título: CATETER BALÃO, PROCESSO PARA SEU REVESTIMENTO, E USO DE UMA SOLUÇÃO.
(51) Int.CI.: A61L 29/16; A61L 31/16 (30) Prioridade Unionista: 20/09/2002 DE 102 44 847.7 (73) Titular(es): BAYER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY GMBH (72) Inventor(es): BRUNO SCHELLER (85) Data do Início da Fase Nacional: 21/03/2005
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Relatório Descritivo da Patente de Invenção para CATETER BALÃO, PROCESSO PARA SEU REVESTIMENTO, E USO DE UMA SOLUÇÃO.
[001] A presente invenção se refere a um dispositivo médico que libera medicamentos para seletiva terapia de tecidos ou partes de órgãos específicas e a um processo de fabricação dos ditos dispositivos revestidos de medicamentos.
[002] Numerosas doenças não afetam o inteiro organismo ao mesmo tempo porém são limitadas a tecidos específicos, com freqüência até a áreas de tecido individuais limitadas ou partes de órgãos. Exemplos podem ser encontrados entre doenças tumorais, articulares e vasculares.
[003] A farmacoterapia de doenças dessa natureza é genericamente efetuada pela administração por via oral ou intravenosa de medicamentos que se propagam através de todo o corpo e causam efeitos colaterais indesejáveis em tecidos e órgãos sadios, especialmente quando a doença a ser tratada está em um estágio grave, que limita a aplicação terapêutica. Os tecidos doentes poderiam ser tratados quer seletivamente usando drogas que especificamente se ligam ao tecido doente (por exemplo anticorpos) enquanto a vida de administração é mantida, ou pela seletiva administração, por exemplo injeção direta no tecido doente ou administração através de um cateter aos vasos sangüíneos que alimentam o tecido doente. No caso de administração seletiva podem surgir problemas devido ao curto período de tempo durante o qual as drogas permanecem eficazes e as vias de administração invasiva, quando administração repetida não é uma opção. Quando drogas são seletivamente administradas através da corrente sanguínea que alimenta o tecido doente, existe o problema adicional de que as drogas são insuficientemente extraídas quando o sangue ou a solução do agente ativo rapidamente circula através dos vasos sanPetição 870180001066, de 05/01/2018, pág. 8/30
2/16 güíneos.
[004] Estes problemas costumavam ser enfrentados por várias preparações farmacêuticas com liberação sustentada do agente ativo, implantes liberadores de drogas ou vias de acesso seletivo que permanecem operacionais por um período de tempo mais longo, tais como cateteres implantados, etc.
[005] É fato conhecido que a superfície de equipamento médico inserida no corpo, particularmente, de cateteres, pode ser revestida com agentes que otimizam a qualidade deslizante ou previnem a coagulação do sangue porém não têm qualquer efeito terapêutico.
[006] Além disso, cateteres são equipados com dispositivos especiais para injetar drogas na parede arterial, por exemplo, usando agulhas ou uma perfuração da parede do cateter que assenta-se adjacente à parede do vaso e através da qual a droga é injetada sob alta pressão.
[007] Outros princípios são baseados sobre prolongar o tempo de contato ente a parede arterial e uma preparação de agente ativo administrada via o cateter quer pelo bloquear o fluxo de sangue por um período de tempo suficiente,.por exemplo utilizando cateteres de balão duplo nos quais a solução de agente ativo é contida em uma câmara entre os balões, quer pela presença de vazios entre uma superfície de parede tórica do balão permitindo um fluxo limitado de sangue através de um canal que passa através do balão.
[008] De acordo com a patente US 5 102 402, drogas na forma de microcápsulas são inseridas em reentrâncias preformadas dos cateteres de balão para liberação retardada do agente ativo. Quando o balão é inflado, as microcápsulas devem ser pressionadas contra a parede do vaso, ali permanecem e lentamente liberam o agente ativo ou agentes ativos. Muitos autores propõe aplicar drogas embutidas em hidrogel sobre cateteres balão embora não especifiquem a função do
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3/16 hidrogel, isto é, para atuar como um adesivo, para aperfeiçoar a qualidade deslizante, ou para liberação controlada da droga.
[009] Uma desvantagem dos produtos acima mencionados reside na sua estrutura complexa, que causa problemas de produção, controle de qualidade e custo e força etapas de trabalho agravantes adicionais sobre os médicos e pacientes quando aplicados. Alguns dos processos mencionados podem resultar em dano vascular indesejável em excesso da dilatação contemplada do vaso. Outra deficiência é que cada medida visada em prolongar o tempo de contato incorre em outra redução no suprimento de sangue e oxigênio aos tecidos a jusante. [0010] Para maior inteireza, reporta-se ainda a um dispositivo para prevenir reestenose como descrita no WO 01/24866 que é revestido de uma substância de ceramida lipídio derivada de membranas de células naturais. Esta substância é usada devido à sua afinidade com as paredes de células que não é encontrada nas drogas comuns. Especialistas no campo continuam a declarar que a prevenção de reestenose usando drogas exige a liberação do agente ativo através de um período de vários dias.
[0011] O problema em que a fundamenta a presente invenção é oferecer um dispositivo para a liberação de drogas em áreas de tecido específicas ou partes de órgão que têm um vigoroso efeito terapêutico sem lesar tecido sadio, que é suficientemente bem tolerado, e pode ser produzido e aplicado com um esforço mínimo.
[0012] Este problema é resolvido de acordo com a invenção por um dispositivo projetado ou produzido de acordo com as características das reivindicações 1 e 15. As reivindicações subordinadas expõem características adicionais e aperfeiçoamentos vantajosos da invenção. [0013] A invenção apresenta cateteres balão portadores de drogas ou dispositivos médicos similares fabricados em um processo simples que são altamente versáteis e facilitam a imediata liberação de agenPetição 870180001066, de 05/01/2018, pág. 10/30
4/16 tes ativos. Surpreendentemente, e contrário à opinião atualmente reconhecida, nenhuma liberação continuada do agente ativo a partir de uma matriz inerte (polímero, hidrogel, microcápsula, etc.) e nenhum estado químico ou físico especial dos ingredientes ativo é exigido ou útil. Por conseguinte, não são exigidas técnicas sofisticadas para produzir ou controlar as formulações de depósito.
[0014] O revestimento de balões sobre cateteres com drogas de acordo com a presente invenção é particularmente útil porque há uma freqüente necessidade por tratamento após vasos sangüíneos ou outras passagens no corpo serem dilatadas com balões para prevenir estenose ou uma oclusão do lúmen criado pela pressão do balão para limitar crescimento de tumores ou otimizar processos de cicatrização inclusive a formação de circulação colateral. Isto pode ser realizado por drogas que se tornam efetivas na vizinhança imediata da superfície do balão. As drogas aderem firmemente ao balão enquanto passando através de artérias com um intenso fluxo sangüíneo no trajeto para seu alvo até o balão ser inflado, e uma dose efetiva ser liberada no curto tempo (às vezes de uns poucos segundos) durante o qual o balão inflado permanece em contato com o tecido, absorvido pelo tecido de tal maneira que o fluxo sangüíneo reassumido imediatamente após o balão ser desinflado não o arrasta ou remove.
[0015] A matéria objeto para revestimento são os fios da invenção usados para guiar cateteres, agulhas e cateteres ou partes de cateter que são pressionadas contra o tecido doente pelo menos por um curto tempo. Entre os materiais de cateter preferenciais estão poliamidas, misturas de poliamida e copolímeros, politereftalato de etileno, polietileno e copolímeros, poliuretano, borracha natural e seus derivados. Os comprimentos e diâmetros do cateter ou áreas de balão designados para tratamento farmacológico não são de qualquer importância decisiva para sua aplicação pois a dosagem é calculada em mg de agente
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5/16 ativo/mm2 de área superficial. Por exemplo, balões com diâmetros variáveis de 2 a 4 mm e comprimentos variáveis de 1,0 a 4,0 cm são comumente usados para dilatação de coronária. Balões de até > 20 mm em diâmetro e de até > 10 cm em comprimento podem ser usados para outros vasos. As superfícies a serem revestidas podem ser lisas (isto é, sem uma estrutura especial para absorver os agentes ativos), tornadas ásperas ou compreender qualquer estrutura, embora não seja exigida qualquer estrutura especial para os agentes ativos aderirem, tais estruturas também não impedem a adesão. A adesão dos agentes ativos às superfícies de balão é exclusivamente causada pelo selecionar solventes próprios e, opcionalmente, adicionar substâncias que influenciam a adesão. É até surpreendentemente forte sobre superfícies de balão completamente lisas.
[0016] Todas superfícies podem adicionalmente ser revestidas com substâncias que aperfeiçoam a qualidade deslizante dos produtos, previnem que o sangue se coagule sobre a superfície ou aperfeiçoa quaisquer outras propriedades que estes produtos medicinais possuem, porém os materiais usados para revestimento não têm de ser liberados no ambiente e este revestimento adicional não reduz perceptivelmente a liberação dos agentes ativos para tratamento do tecido alvo e assim a eficácia do produto.
[0017] Os cateteres balão são formados pelo dilatar um segmento de 1 cm a cerca de 10 cm de comprimento de tubos de plástico muito delgados. A membrana de balão de parede muito delgada dilatada é então dobrada várias vezes ao longo do eixo geométrico do cateter e enrolada apertadamente em torno do eixo geométrico do cateter de modo que a área dilatada, quando dobrada, é somente ligeiramente maior em diâmetro que o restante do cateter. O dobramento apertão da membrana de balão é requerida para passar o cateter balão através de aberturas de acesso, cateteres guias e seções acentuadamenPetição 870180001066, de 05/01/2018, pág. 12/30
6/16 te estreitadas de vasos sangüíneos.
[0018] Os balões de cateteres podem ser revestidos quando dobrados ou quando desdobrados. O processo sempre proporciona um revestimento superficial intacto e suficientemente uniforme, e os agentes ativos aderem à superfície do cateter balão mesmo quando é redobrado após ser revestido quando desdobrado.
[0019] Um balão que foi revestido quando desdobrado é produzido sem qualquer impacto sobre o revestimento, por exemplo, pelo utilizar membranas de balão com dobras e curvas preformadas cuja estrutura não é perdida devido à dilatação e que permite a membrana de balão a ser redobrada pelo menos folgadamente quando a pressão é descarregada do balão sem exigir uma força externa como causa primária. É somente após este pré-dobramento que as dobras preformadas são comprimidas pela pressão externa ou por um vácuo.Dobras não são de maneira alguma exigidas para reter o agente ativo. Além disso o redobramento pode ser realizado usando força mecânica mínima por materiais muito lisos, e as ferramentas usadas também podem ser umedecidas por líquidos biocompatíveis escorregadios nos quais os ingredientes ativos não se dissolvem ou pelo menos não se dissolvem bem.
[0020] De acordo com outra variante da invenção, os balões de cateteres balão facilmente dobrados são revestidos pela sua imersão em soluções de agente ativo de baixa viscosidade. O solvente e agente ativo penetram nas dobras extremas densas onde eles formam um revestimento surpreendentemente uniforme que contém uma dose reproduzível e não são lesados por qualquer etapa subseqüente. A solução ou, após o solvente ter secado, o revestimento que adere à superfície externa pode ser deixado ali ou pode ser removido em outra etapa para que somente a parte de agente ativo que se assenta no interior das dobras do balão seja retida.
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7/16 [0021] Após o revestimento, quando o balão é dobrado, um stent pode ser vestido sobre o cateter balão e firmemente pressionado sobre o mesmo. A única etapa ainda exigida é a esterilização, por exemplo usando óxido de etileno.
[0022] O ciclo de trabalho exposto desta forma é extremamente simples,dificilmente suscetível a falhas, e pode ser realizado até com materiais de revestimento mecanicamente, quimicamente e fisicamente sensíveis. Verificou-se que o revestimento pela utilização deste processo não resulta e, qualquer afrouxamento ou mutua aderência das dobras e que o agente ativo aplicado desta maneira adere de forma bastante firme para não ser arrastado ou enxaguado pela corrente sanguínea, porém libera a maior parte do agente ativo quando o balão é inflado no tecido alvo.
[0023] As drogas apropriadas são drogas lipófilas, essencialmente insolúveis pela água, de forte atuação que ligam-se com quaisquer componentes de tecido. As drogas são designadas de lipófilas quando a sua relação de distribuição de butanol para solução tampão (pH 7) é de 0,5, de preferência 1 e particularmente preferida 5, ou quando sua relação de distribuição octanol para solução tampão aquosa é 1, de preferência 10, e preferencialmente superiro a 50. Alternativamente, ou além disto, as drogas devem reversivelmente e/ou irreversivelmente ligarem-se com os componentes de célula a percentagens maiores que 10%, de preferência superiro a 50%, e preferencialmente superiro a 80%. Tem preferência as substâncias que inibem a proliferação de células ou processos inflamatórios, ou antioxidantes tal como Paclitaxel e outros taxanos, Rapamicina e substâncias correlatas, tacrolimus e substâncias correlatas, corticóides, hormônios sexuais (estrogênio, estradiol, antiandrógenos) e substâncias correlatas, estatinas, epotilones, probucol, prostaciclinas, indutores de angiogênese, etc.
[0024] Estas substâncias de preferência estão presentes como um
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8/16 sólido seco ou como um óleo sobre as superfícies dos vários produtos medicinais.Tem preferência as menores dimensões de partículas (essencialmente <5 mícrons, de preferência <1 mícrom, particularmente preferidas são as estruturas não-cristalinas amorfas ou a dimensão de partículas mais finas que se dissolvem rápido mediante o contato com o tecido devido à sua grande área superficial e a despeito da solubilidade em água genericamente insatisfatória das drogas e não funcionam como microcápsulas, isto é, dissolvem-se espontaneamente e rápido. É suficiente que uma dose eficaz esteja presente na forma de partículas menores ou amorfas) partículas maiores dificilmente contribuem para a concentração do agente ativo no tecido, porém não causam qualquer interferência. A dosagem depende do efeito desejado e da eficácia da droga usada. Pode ser de até 5 qg/mm2 e este valor nem mesmo constitui um limite superior. É mais fácil manipular dosagens menores.
[0025] Satisfatória adesão às superfícies de cateteres, agulhas ou fios ou uma aperfeiçoada absorção pelo tecidos é realizada pelo embutir agentes ativos fortemente lipófilos com má solubilidade aquosa em uma substância matriz facilmente hidrossolúvel. As substâncias matriz apropriadas são substâncias hidrófilas de baixo peso molecular < 5000 D, de preferência < 2000 D). tais como agentes de contraste e corantes usados in vivo para procedimentos de diagnóstico na medicina, açúcar e substâncias correlatas tais como álcoois de açúcar, polietileno glicóis de baixo peso molecular, sais orgânicos e inorgânicos biocompatíveis tais como, por exemplo, benzoatos, sais e outros derivados de ácido salicílico, etc. Exemplos de agentes de contraste de raio-X e quelatos paramagnéticos, exemplos de corantes são verde de indocianina, fluoresceina, e azul de metileno. Excipientes também podem aperfeiçoar a vida interna dos produtos, causar efeitos farmacológicos adicionais específicos ou serem instrumentais para controle de
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9/16 qualidade.
[0026] Em outra modalidade da invenção, os agentes ativos farmacêuticos podem ser adsorvidos às partículas ou aplicados às superfícies de produtos medicinais apropriados com uma matriz de baixo peso molecular.Entre as partículas apropriadas mais uma vez estão diagnósticos reconhecidamente biompatíveis tais como ferritas e vários agentes de contraste para sonografia.
[0027] Excipientes de qualquer tipo podem ser usados em doses mais baixas ou mais altas que os ingredientes ativos.
[0028] Os produtos medicinais são revestidos usando soluções, suspensões, ou emulsões das drogas e excipientes acima mencionados. Veículos próprios para solução, suspensão ou emulsão são, por exemplo, etanol, isopropanol, acetato de etila, éter dietílico, acetona, sulfóxido de dimetila, formamido de dimetila, glicerina, água ou misturas dos mesmos. A seleção de solvente é baseada sobre a solubilidade dos agentes ativos e adjuvantes, o umedecimento das superfícies a serem revestidas e o efeito sobre a estrutura do revestimento e partículas remanescentes após a evaporação do solvente, sua adesão à superfície e transferência do agente ativo para o tecido em tempos de contato muito curtos.
[0029] O revestimento pode ser executado por imersão, espalhamento, aplicação com dispositivos que administram um volume definido à superfície ou pulverização a várias temperaturas e, opcionalmente, saturação por vapor dos solventes na atmosfera. O procedimento pode ser repetido várias vezes utilizando diferentes solventes e excipientes conforme possa ser exigido.
[0030] Os balões de cateteres de balões dobrados prontos para uso podem receber um revestimento de dose controlável, surpreendentemente uniforme, reproduzível sem prejudicar a funcionalidade do cateter pela sua imersão em soluções contendo o agente ou agentes
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10/16 ativos ou por outras medidas. Quando os balões são repetidamente imersos em soluções de agente ativo não-saturadas, o agente ativo aplicado previamente não é completamente extraído; em vez disso, o teor de agente ativo dos balões é aumentado de uma maneira reprodutível.
[0031] A solução excedente ou substâncias excedentes da solução de revestimento que são folgadamente afixadas ao exterior podem ser removidas com processos simples sem prejudicar a eficácia do revestimento.
[0032] Os vários tipos de dispositivos medicinais projetados e fabricados de acordo com a invenção entram em contato a curto prazo com o tecido, isto é, por alguns segundos, minutos, ou horas. Há conveniência em alguns casos tratar farmacologicamente o tecido com drogas na vizinhança imediata do produto medicinal, por exemplo prevenir crescimento excedente como uma resposta a uma lesão ou para reduzir o crescimento do tumor, para otimizar a neovascularização ou decrescer reações inflamatórias. Em todos estes casos, altas concentrações de droga locais podem ser obtidas por um tempo surpreendentemente longo usando o processo acima descrito. Uma grande vantagem é a versatilidade extraordinária de aplicações dos produtos e processos descritos.
[0033] Uma aplicação preferencial é reduzir a hiperproliferação de paredes de vaso induzidas por dilatação com cateteres balão. Isto pode ser realizado quando stents são implantados pelo revestir estes stents com drogas, porém somente para a seção de vaso coberta pelo stent. Os cateteres balão revestidos também tratam quaisquer áreas à curta distância na frente de e imediatamente para trás do stent que necessitam tratamento, elas podem tratar a seção onde um stent foi implantado sem exigir outra implantação de stent e vasos nos quais nenhum stent deve ser ou pode ser implantado. Uma vantagem quanPetição 870180001066, de 05/01/2018, pág. 17/30
11/16 do comparado com os stents que liberam uma droga através de um longo período de tempo é cicatrização aperfeiçoada e simultânea satisfatória inibição de hiperproliferação e um reduzido risco de trombose.
[0034] Várias modalidades da invenção serão descritas abaixo com referência a exemplos relativos ao revestimento de cateteres balão, adesão do revestimento na corrente sanguínea, inibição de reestenose e teor de agente ativo dos cateteres.
Exemplo 1:
[0035] Revestimento de um cateter balão expandido com Paclitaxel em acetato de etila.
[0036] a) Cateteres balão fabricados pela BMT, Oberpfaffenhofen, Munique, Alemanha, produto intitulado Joker Lite, com dimensões de balão de 2,5 mm x 20 mm, são inflados ao máximo e imersos por completo durante 1 minuto em acetato de etila, 18,8 mg de Paclitaxel por mL, +1% de azeite de oliva farmacêutico, seco: Teor de Paclitaxel 39 microgramas (depois de extração com etanol, HPLC).
Exemplo 2:
[0037] Revestimento de um cateter balão expandido com Paclitaxel em acetato de etila.
[0038] a) Cateteres balão fabricados pela BMT, Oberpfaffenhofen, Munique, Alemanha, produto intitulado Joker Lite, com dimensões de balão de 2,5 mm x 20 mm, são imersos por completo durante 1 minuto em acetato de etila, 18,8 mg de Paclitaxel por mL, +1% de azeite de oliva farmacêutico, seco: Teor de Paclitaxel 69 microgramas (depois de extração com etanol, HPLC).
Exemplo 3:
[0039] Revestimento de um cateter balão expandido com Paclitaxel em acetato de etila.
[0040] a) Cateteres balão fabricados pela BMT, Oberpfaffenhofen,
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Munique, Alemanha, produto intitulado Joker Lite, com dimensões de balão de 2,5 mm x 20 mm, são inflados ao máximo e imersos por completo durante 1 minuto em acetato de etila, 16,6 mg de Paclitaxel por mL, e secado por 4 horas.: Teor de Paclitaxel 54 microgramas. [0041] b) Mesmo procedimento, porém dois tempos adicionais imersos durante 5 segundos com 1 hora de tempo de secagem após cada processo de imersão na solução A (=3,33 mL de acetato de etila + 100 mg de Paclitaxel): teor de Paclitaxel 126 microgramas.
[0042] c) Mesmo procedimento, porém quatro tempos adicionais imersos por 5 segundos com um tempo de secagem de 1 hora após cada processo de imersão na mesma solução: teor de Paclitaxel 158 microgramas.
Exemplo 4 [0043] Revestimento de um cateter balão com Paclitaxel em acetona.
[0044] Dissolver 350 mg de Paclitaxel em 9,0 mL de acetona;
[0045] Cateteres balão fabricados pela BMT, Oberpfaffenhofen,
Munique, Alemanha, produto intitulado Joker Lite, com dimensões de balão de 2,5 mm x 20 mm, são inflados ao máximo e imersos por completo durante 1 minuto e removidos. O solvente é secado por 12 horas à temperatura ambiente. A seguir o balão é desinflado e dobrado da maneira comum usando uma ferramenta revestida de PTFE. Opcionalmente, pode-se agrafar um stent de dimensões apropriadas sobre o balão; 29 microgramas de Paclitaxel sobre o balão.
Exemplo 5 [0046] Revestimento de um cateter balão com Paclitaxel em acetona.
[0047] a) Imersão de cateteres balão dobrados fabricados pela BMT, produto intitulado Allegro, dimensões de balão 2,5 mm x 20 mm em uma mistura de 0,15 mL etanol + 4,5 μί de Ultravist 300 (um
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13/16 agente de contraste de raio-X produzido pela Schering AG, Berlim, Alemanha) + 1,35 mL de acetona + 0,8 mg de vermelho Sudão + 30 mg de Paclitaxel:
[0048] As seções de balão dobradas dos cateteres são imersas 5 vezes, a primeira vez por um minuto, a seguir secadas por 3 horas, a seguir 4 vezes a intervalos de 1 hora por 5 segundos cada um; subseqüentemente um stent foi agrafado sobre e o cateter foi esterilizado da maneira comum usando óxido de etileno: teor de paclitaxel 172 microgramas, foi determinada a ausência de produtos de decomposição do agente ativo usando HPLC.
[0049] b) Uma solução de manitol aquosa saturada é usada em vez de Ultravist 300.
[0050] c) Uma solução de salicilato de sódio aquosa saturada (pH 7,5) é usada em vez de Ultravist 300.
[0051] d) 5 mg de ácido acetilsalicílico são adicionadas à solução completada de acordo com (5a).
[0052] e) 5 mg de glicerina são adicionadas à solução completada de acordo com (5a).
Exemplo 6 [0053] Adesão do agente ativo na corrente sanguínea.
[0054] 12 cateteres balão produzidos pela BMT, nome do produto
Allegro, dimensões do balão 2,5 mm x 20 mm, foram usados. As seções de balão dobradas de 6 cateteres cada uma foram quer 5 vezes imersas em [0,15 mL de etanol + 4,5 mL de Ultravist 300 + 1,35 mL de acetona + 0,8 mg de vermelho Sudão + 30,0 mg de Paclitaxel] quer 5 vezes em [1,5 mL de acetato de etila + 0,8 mg de vermelho Sudão + 31,0 mg Paclitaxel], a primeira vez por 1 minuto cada um com 3 horas de tempo de secagem, a seguir 4 vezes por 5 segundos cada um a intervalos de 1 hora; então 3 dos balões dobrados de cada grupo foram suavemente movimentados por 5 minutos a 37°C em 50 mL de
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14/16 sangue humano e removidos para determinar o teor de Paclitaxel: Redução de valores médios (n=3 por processo de revestimento) por 5 minutos de movimentação em sangue quando comparado com 3 cateteres de controle que não foram incubados em sangue.
[0055] Acetona: 12% [0056] Acetato de etila: 10%
Exemplo 7 [0057] Exame de inibição de reestenose após angioplastia e implantação de stent em artérias coronarianas de suínos.
[0058] Cateteres de balão dobrados do tipo Joker Lite produzidos pela BMT, 3,5 mm x 20 mm foram imersos por 1 minuto quer em [0059] Solução A) 3,33 mL de acetato de etila (EA) + 100,0 mg de Paclitaxel; quer em [0060] Solução B) 0,45 mL de etanol + 100 μί de Ultravist 370 +
4,5 mL de acetona (ac) + 150,0 mg Paclitaxel [0061] e secada de um dia para outro à temperatura ambiente. Um mais (baixo dose = L) ou 4 mais (alta dose = H) processos de imersão, respectivamente, foram conduzidos durante apenas cinco segundos a intervalos de 1 hora no dia seguinte.
[0062] O teor de agente ativo após 2 imersões na solução (B) foi em média de 250 mg, após 5 imersões na solução (B) 500 mg, na solução (A) 400 mg.
[0063] Os cateteres revestidos com Paclitaxel ou não revestidos foram usados para implantar stents na artéria coronariana esquerda anterior ou lateral de um total de 22 suínos, e os vasos foram ligeiramente superdilatados para simular reestenose por hiperplasia de tecido. Os animais foram reangiografados após 5 semanas, e a estenose de vaso mostrada nos angiogramas foi medida utilizando um programa de computador automático.
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Grupo | Estenose (%) |
Não-revestido | 50,49 |
AcL | 20,22 |
EAH | 36,01 |
AcH | 0,86 |
P | .004 |
[0064] Angiografia coronária quantitativa 5 semanas após implantação de stent com cateteres não-revestidos e revestidos; estenose = redução de lúmen em porcentagem na área do stent quando comparada com o diâmetro de lúmen imediatamente após implantação de stent; valor médio e significado estatístico do efeito de tratamento; Exemplo 8 [0065] Teor de agente ativo dos cateteres após dilatação do vaso e implantação do stent.
[0066] Após implantação do stent e sua remoção dos animais, os balões do Exemplo 8 com cerca de 3 cm em comprimento foram cortados fora dos cateteres de balão e colocados em 1,5 mL de etanol. O teor de Paclitaxel foi determinado usando HPLC. Todos os valores revestidos disponíveis e uma seleção de balões não-revestidos foram examinados.
Coronária,
3,0 x 20 mm, revestimento: | Ac alto | 38 ± 4 mg (n=4) |
Ac baixo | 22 ± 5 mg (n=2) | |
EEE alto | 41 (n=1) | |
3.5 x 2 mm, revestimento | Ac alto | 37 ±10 mg (n=8) |
Ac baixo | 26 ± 6 mg (n=8) | |
EEE alto | 53 ± 9 mg (n=9) |
Não-revestido (independente de dimensão e área do vaso)
0,9 ± 1,0 mg (n=7)
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16/16 [0067] Segue-se do Exemplo 6 que um máximo de 10% da dose é perdido antes do balão ser inflado e cerca de 10% da dose permanece sobre o balão.
Exemplo 9 [0068] Probucol é adicionado à acetona em uma concentração de 100 mg por mL; a solução é usada para revestir balões de cateter conforme descrito nos exemplos acima.
Exemplo 10 [0069] Rapamicina é dissolvido a uma concentração de 10 mg/mL em éter dietílico. As seções de balão dos cateteres são revestidas conforme descrito nos exemplos acima; após remoção das soluções de revestimento, os balões devem ser dispostos em uma posição horizontal e continuamente virados em torno de seu eixo geométrico longitudinal assim que possível.
Exemplo 11 [0070] Epotilona B é dissolvida em acetato de etila a uma concentração de 2 mg/mL: a solução é usada para revestir cateteres balão conforme descrito nos exemplos acima.
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Claims (15)
- REIVINDICAÇÕES1. Cateter balão para liberação de drogas, caracterizado pelo fato de que compreende:um balão, em que a superfície do balão apresenta um revestimento, que compreende um fármaco fortemente lipofílico, pouco solúvel em água, que se liga a qualquer parte do tecido; e uma substância matriz facilmente solúvel em água, sendo que o fármaco é incorporado dentro da substância matriz, e sendo que a substância matriz compreende um composto hidrofílico de baixo peso molecular com um peso molecular <2000 D.
- 2. Cateter balão, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato de que o fármaco lipofílico é paclitaxel ou rapamicina.
- 3. Cateter balão, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 ou 2, caracterizado pelo fato de que a substância matriz é selecionada do grupo que consiste em agentes de contraste, por exemplo, agentes de contraste de raios-X iodados ou quelatos paramagnéticos, e corantes para procedimentos de diagnóstico em medicina, por exemplo, verde de indocyanina, fluoresceína ou azul de metileno, açúcar, álcoois de açúcar, polietilenoglicóis de baixo peso molecular, sais orgânicos biocompatíveis, sais inorgânicos biocompatibles, por exemplo, benzoatos e sais de ácido salicílico.
- 4. Cateter balão, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 3, caracterizado pelo fato de que é obtido por aplicação de uma solução ao balão, sendo que a solução consiste no fármaco lipofílico, um composto hidrófilo de baixo peso molecular facilmente solúvel em água com um peso molecular de <2000 D e um solvente, sendo que o solvente é selecionado dentre etanol, isopropanol, acetato de etilo, éter dietílico, acetona, dimetilsulfóxido, dimetilformamida, glicerina e/ou água, e vaporizando o solvente.Petição 870180042882, de 22/05/2018, pág. 4/102/3
- 5. Cateter balão, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 4, caracterizado pelo fato de que o fármaco lipofílico está presente na superfície do balão em uma dosagem de até 5 pg/mm2.
- 6. Cateter balão, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 5, caracterizado pelo fato de que a superfície do balão é lisa, áspera ou estruturada.
- 7. Cateter balão, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 6, caracterizado pelo fato de que o material do cateter é selecionado dentre poliamidas, misturas de poliamida e copolímeros, polietilenotereftalato, polietileno e copolímeros, poliuretano e borracha natural.
- 8. Cateter balão, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 7, caracterizado pelo fato de que o balão apresenta um diâmetro de 2-4 mm, e um comprimento de 1-4 cm.
- 9. Cateter balão, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 8, caracterizado pelo fato de que está presente em conjunto com um stent.
- 10. Cateter balão, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 9, caracterizado pelo fato de que é um dispositivo médico para medicação de fármaco para a terapia seletiva de seções de tecido ou partes de órgãos doente, sendo que o fármaco lipofílico, em grande parte insolúvel em água, que se liga a quaisquer partes de tecido, adere à superfície do balão, que entra em contato com o tecido doente pelo menos logo sob pressão, com liberação imediata do medicamento após o contato com os tecidos.
- 11. Processo para revestir um cateter balão, como definido em qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 10, caracterizado pelo fato de que compreende as etapas de:(a) fornecer um cateter balão que compreende um balão;Petição 870180042882, de 22/05/2018, pág. 5/103/3 (b) aplicar uma solução que consiste em um fármaco fortemente lipofílico e pouco solúvel em água, que se liga a quaisquer partes de tecido, um composto hidrófilo de baixo peso molecular facilmente solúvel em água com um peso molecular de <2000 D e um solvente, na superfície do balão ;(c) secagem do cateter balão.
- 12. Processo, de acordo com a reivindicação 11, caracterizado pelo fato de que a aplicação é conduzida por imersão, espalhamento, aplicação com um dispositivo de medição de volume ou por pulverização.
- 13. Processo, de acordo com a reivindicação 11 ou 12, caracterizado pelo fato de que o solvente é selecionado dentre etanol, isopropanol, acetato de etilo, éter dietílico, acetona, dimetilsulfóxido, dimetilformamida, glicerina e/ou água.
- 14. Processo, de acordo com qualquer das reivindicações 11 a 13, caracterizado pelo fato de que a etapa (a) compreende proporcionar um cateter balão com um balão no estado dobrado ou com um balão no estado desdobrado.
- 15. Uso do cateter balão, como definido em qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 10, caracterizado pelo fato de que é para entrega de medicação.Petição 870180042882, de 22/05/2018, pág. 6/10
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