JP2010537788A - 心臓弁へ治療薬を局所送達するための方法およびデバイス - Google Patents
心臓弁へ治療薬を局所送達するための方法およびデバイス Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明の医療用デバイスのうちの1つが図1A‐Bに示されている。図1Aは、医療用デバイス10が先端12および基端13を有する本体11と、本体11に接続された複数の送達部材14とを備えており、部材はそれぞれ第1端15および第2端16を有し、少なくとも1つの送達部材の第1端および第2端は本体11の先端12より基端側の位置で本体11に接続されることを示している。
典型的な非遺伝子治療薬には、抗血管新生剤(例えばベバシズマブ)、ニトログリセリン、一硝酸イソソルビド、ニトロナプロキセン、ニトロフルルビプロフェン、酸化窒素、酸化窒素模倣剤、抗血栓形成剤、例えばヘパリン、ヘパリン誘導体、プロスタグランジン(ミセルのプロスタグランジンE1を含む)、ウロキナーゼおよびPPack(デキストロフェニルアラニン・プロリン・アルギニン・クロロメチルケトン);抗増殖剤、例えばエノキサプリン(enoxaprin)、アンギオペプチン、シロリムス(ラパマイシン)、タクロリムス、エベロリムス、平滑筋細胞の増殖を阻害することができるモノクローナル抗体、ヒルジン、およびアセチルサリチル酸;抗炎症剤、例えばデキサメタゾン、ロシグリタゾン、プレドニゾロン、コルチコステロン、ブデソニド、エストロゲン、エストラジオール、スルファサラジン、フェンフィブラート(fenfibrate)、プロバスタチン(provastatin)、シンバスタチン、プログリタゾン(proglitazone)、アセチルサリチル酸、ミコフェノール酸およびメサラミン;抗新生物剤/抗増殖剤/抗有系分裂剤、例えばパクリタキセル、エポチロン、クラドリビン、5‐フルオロウラシル、メトトレキセート、ドキソルビシン、ダウノルビシン、シクロスポリン、シスプラチン、ビンブラスチン、ビンクリスチン、エポチロン、エンドスタチン、トラピジル、ハロフジノンおよびアンギオスタチン;抗がん剤、例えばc‐myc腫瘍遺伝子のアンチセンス阻害剤;抗微生物剤、例えばトリクロサン、セファロスポリン、アミノグリコシド、ニトロフラントイン、銀イオン、銀化合物または銀塩;バイオフィルム合成阻害剤、例えば非ステロイド性抗炎症剤およびキレート剤または脱灰剤、例えばエチレンジアミン四酢酸、O,O’‐ビス(2‐アミノエチル)エチレングリコール‐N,N,N’,N’‐四酢酸、硝酸、ギ酸、EDTA、クエン酸、およびこれらの混合物;抗生物質、例えばゲンタマイシン、リファンピン、ミノサイクリンおよびシプロフォルキサシン(ciprofolxacin);キメラ抗体および抗体フラグメントを含む抗体;ロピバカイン;酸化窒素;酸化窒素(NO)供与体、例えばリシドミン(lisidomine)、モルシドミン、L‐アルギニン、NO‐炭水化物付加物、ポリマーまたはオリゴマーのNO付加物;血管細胞増殖促進剤、例えば成長因子、転写活性化因子および翻訳プロモータ;血管細胞増殖阻害剤、例えば成長因子阻害剤、成長因子受容体アンタゴニスト、転写リプレッサー、翻訳リプレッサー、複製阻害剤、阻害抗体、成長因子に対する抗体、成長因子と細胞毒とで構成される二機能分子、抗体と細胞毒とで構成される二機能分子;コレステロール降下剤;血管拡張剤;内因性の血管作動性機構を妨げる薬剤;熱ショックタンパク質の阻害剤、例えばゲルダナマイシン;アンジオテンシン変換酵素(ACE)阻害剤;β‐遮断薬;bARキナーゼ(bARKct)阻害剤;フォスフォランバン阻害剤;ならびに上記のものの任意の組み合わせおよびプロドラッグ、が挙げられる。
1.定義
a.疾患の治療および予防
本明細書中で使用されるように、「治療」および「治療する」とは、治療上の利益を得ることを目的とした、対象者への治療薬の投与もしくは適用または対象者に対する処置もしくは治療法の実行を指す。治療上の利益は、疾患もしくは健康関連状態の兆候もしくは症候の軽減により、または対象者の健康もしくは安寧の向上を意味する生理学的反応により、得ることができる。例えば、本発明においては、治療上の利益は、(1)弁膜症の臨床的兆候および症候の重症度もしくは頻度の低減、または(2)心臓機能の改善もしくは弁機能の改善のような生理学的反応を引き起こすこと、によって得ることができる。治療後、疾患の兆候および症候は頻度または重症度が低減する場合もあれば、低減しない場合もある。治療とは、疾患の兆候および症候の完全な解消を伴ってその疾患が必ず治癒することを意味するものではない。治療はまた、疾患の兆候または症候における計測可能な低減も、心臓機能または弁機能のうち少なくともいずれか一方における計測可能な改善も必要としない。治療薬が治療上の利益を得る目的を意図して投与された場合は、疾患の症候または弁機能において計測可能な改善があったかどうかにかかわらず、治療は実施されたのである。
本明細書中で使用されるように、「疾患を診断する」とは、対象者における疾患の存在の同定を指す。例えば、診断薬の投与を伴う試験の結果のような、試験の結果からの情報が熟練した専門家により検討されて、疾患の有無が決定されうる。
「弁膜症」および「心臓弁膜症」は、対象者の心臓弁の構造または機能に悪影響を及ぼす可能性のある任意の疾患を指す。例えばヒトでは、心臓弁には大動脈弁、僧帽弁、肺動脈弁および三尖弁が含まれる。ヒトでの主な心臓弁膜症には、大動脈弁狭窄症、大動脈弁閉鎖不全症、僧帽弁逆流および僧帽弁狭窄症が挙げられる。特定の実施形態では、弁膜症は大動脈弁の疾患である。
本明細書中で使用される「対象者」は、哺乳動物のような任意の対象者を指す。哺乳動物の例には、マウス、ラット、ウサギ、イヌ、ネコ、霊長動物およびヒトが挙げられる。特定の実施形態では、対象者は既知の弁膜症の患者または弁膜症が疑われる患者である。特定の実施形態では、対象者は既知の大動脈弁疾患の患者または大動脈弁疾患が疑われる患者である。
上記に議論されたデバイスに加えて、本発明の実施形態は、対象者における弁膜症を診断または治療する方法に関し、該方法は、上述のデバイスのうちいずれかであって、該デバイスの少なくとも1つの送達部材の少なくとも一部分が治療薬でコーティングされているデバイスを、対象者の血管内に挿入することと、デバイスを、弁の弁尖がその送達部材と接触するように配置し、接触の結果、弁への治療薬の送達または弁膜症の診断もしくは治療がなされることと、を伴う。
用語「医薬組成物」は、哺乳動物またはヒトに適切に投与された時に、副作用、アレルギー反応、またはその他の好ましくない反応を生じない分子組成物を指す。本明細書中で使用されるように、「医薬組成物」にはありとあらゆる溶媒、分散媒、コーティング剤、抗菌性および抗真菌剤、等張剤および吸収遅延剤などが含まれる。用語「薬学的に有効な」は、対象者の疾患の診断、治療、または予防に有益であると知られているかまたは予想される特定の組成物の量を指す。
本発明のさらなる実施形態は、処置を実施するように人に指導する方法に関し、該方法は、コンピュータを使用して実行すると前述のデバイスまたはカテーテルのうち任意のものを使用して心臓弁に治療薬を送達する実際または仮想の処置が表示される、機械読取り可能な説明書を含んでいるコンピュータ読取り可能なメディアをその人に提供することを含んでなり、該処置は対象者の血管にデバイスまたはカテーテルを挿入するステップと、弁の弁尖がデバイスまたはカテーテルと接触するようにデバイスまたはカテーテルの位置を決めるステップとを含んでなる。特定の実施形態では、心臓弁は対象者の大動脈弁である。治療薬は上記に議論された薬物のうち任意のものであってよい。特定の実施形態では、治療薬は、ラパマイシン、パクリタキセル、シロリムスまたは酸化窒素を増強する薬剤である。特定の実施形態では、コンピュータ読取り可能なメディアはCDまたはDVDである。
本発明のある実施形態は、概してキットに関する。例えば、いくつかの実施形態では、キットは、1以上の本発明の医療用デバイスと、少なくとも1つの密閉容器とを含んでいる。キットが2以上の本発明の医療用デバイスを含む実施形態では、該デバイスは密閉容器内に別々に包装されてもよい。キットは、デバイスの挿入のための説明書を含むこともできる。デバイスが液体を注入するためのルーメンを備えて設計されている実施形態では、キットは、カテーテルを介して注入するための薬学的に許容可能な担体を含んでなる組成物の入った少なくとも1つの密閉容器をさらに含むことができる。いくつかの実施形態では、組成物は1以上の治療薬を含んでいる。治療薬は上記に議論された治療薬のうち任意のものであってよい。
本発明のいくつかの実施形態では、治療薬は診断薬である。いくつかの実施形態では、診断薬は薬剤であって該薬剤からのシグナルを検出することができる薬剤である。したがって、本発明の方法のいくつかの実施形態は、デバイスを通して注入された治療薬組成物からのシグナルを検出することをさらに含む場合がある。最も好ましくは、検出されるシグナルは、対象者における注目の弁の領域に注入された診断薬からのシグナルである。診断薬は、画像化剤、例えばCT、MRI、γ線カメラ、PET、SPECT、超音波または光学的画像を使用して画像化可能な画像化剤であってよい。特定の実施形態では、診断薬は放射性核種である。例えば、治療薬の送達を画像化と組み合わせて、薬物の放出を画像化できるようにすることも考えられる。例えば、治療薬を、脂質およびペルフルオロカーボンで構成されたナノ粒子に含めて送達することができる。
本発明のいくつかの実施形態は、本願に記載されたデバイスのうち任意のものを使用して対象者の弁膜症を治療する方法であって、1以上の補助的な形の心臓弁膜症治療法が対象者に対して適用される方法に関する。
以下の実施例は本発明の好ましい実施形態を実証するために含まれる。当業者には当然のことであるが、以下の実施例において開示される技術は本発明の実施において十分に機能することが本発明者によって発見された技術に相当し、従って本発明の実施のための好ましい態様を構成すると考えることができる。しかしながら当業者であれば、本開示に照らして、開示された特定の実施形態に多くの変更を加えてもなお本発明の趣旨および範囲から逸脱することなく同様または類似の結果を得ることができることを認識しているはずである。
局所的弁送達の実証
リポーター物質の局所的弁送達を実証するために実験を実施した。本実験には外植したラットおよびウサギの心臓を利用した。図8に示すデバイス90に類似のデバイスは、特定の動物の体内構造に適合する様々な径(例えば3.0mm径、4.0mm径)の微孔性バルーンを備えたものである。収縮させた微孔性バルーンを、大動脈弁を横切って取り付けた。1%エバンスブルー溶液の注入によりバルーンを膨張させて、バルーンの側面が弁開口部と接触するようにして、弁領域への物質の送達を視覚化した。注入の時間を変化させた。試験した時間は5秒〜1分である。すべての試験片は、左心房を経た心臓の血流を模倣する連続的な生理食塩水の流れが存在する状態でも、溶液が微孔を通ってバルーンから漏出して弁尖を染色することを示した。
次の参照文献は、該文献が本明細書中に記載された詳細を補足する例示的な手順その他の詳細を提供する限りにおいて、参照により明確に本願に組み込まれる。
米国特許第4,950,239号明細書
米国特許第5,270,086号明細書
米国特許第5,290,306号明細書
米国特許第5,330,428号明細書
米国特許第5,500,180号明細書
米国特許第5,512,051号明細書
米国特許第5,587,125号明細書
米国特許第5,591,227号明細書
米国特許第5,733,327号明細書
米国特許第5,899,935号明細書
米国特許第6,146,356号明細書
米国特許第6,364,856号明細書
米国特許第6,403,635号明細書
米国特許第6,425,881号明細書
米国特許第6,572,813号明細書
米国特許第6,716,242号明細書
米国特許第6,918,929号明細書
米国特許第6,939,376号明細書
米国特許第7,005,097号明細書
米国特許第7,026,026号明細書
米国特許第7,112,357号明細書
米国特許出願公開第2005/0075662号明細書
米国特許出願公開第2005/0142314号明細書
米国特許出願公開第2006/0229659号明細書
米国特許出願公開第2007/0005011号明細書
Henson et al, AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., 25(6):969−972, 2004
Strunk and Schild, Eur. Radiol., 14(6): 1055−1062, 2004
国際公開第92/19316号パンフレット
Claims (22)
- 心臓弁に治療薬を送達するためのデバイスであって、
先端を有する本体と、
本体に接続された複数の送達部材であって、各部材は第1端および第2端を有し、少なくとも1つの送達部材の第1端および第2端は、本体の先端より基端側の位置で本体に接続されていることを特徴とする、送達部材と
を含んでなるデバイス。 - 本体はルーメンを有するものとしてさらに規定される、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 少なくとも1つの送達部材がルーメンを有する、請求項2に記載のデバイス。
- 送達部材はそれぞれルーメンおよび該ルーメンと連通している1以上の開口部を有し、液体が1以上の開口部を通してその送達部材から流出できるようになっている、請求項3に記載のデバイス。
- 2〜500個の治療薬送達部材を含んでなる、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 全ての送達部材の第1端および第2端が本体に接続されている、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 少なくとも1つの送達部材の少なくとも一部が治療薬でコーティングされている、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 治療薬は、ラパマイシン、パクリタキセル、シロリムス、酸化窒素を増強する薬剤、スタチン、アンジオテンシン変換酵素(ACE)阻害剤、PPARアゴニスト、抗炎症剤、狭窄抑制物質、抗生物質、アトルバスタチン、およびキナプリルのいずれかである、請求項7に記載のデバイス。
- 複数の送達部材が接続された治療薬送達カテーテルであって、各部材はカテーテルの一部に並列して配置される部分を有する、カテーテル。
- 少なくとも1つの送達部材の少なくとも一部が治療薬でコーティングされている、請求項9に記載のカテーテル。
- 治療薬は、ラパマイシン、パクリタキセル、シロリムス、酸化窒素を増強する薬剤、スタチン、アンジオテンシン変換酵素(ACE)阻害剤、PPARアゴニスト、抗炎症剤、狭窄抑制物質、抗生物質、アトルバスタチン、およびキナプリルのいずれかである、請求項10に記載のカテーテル。
- 少なくとも1つの送達部材は1以上の開口部を備えたルーメンを有し、該開口部はそのルーメンとの連通を提供して、液体が1以上の開口部を通してその送達部材から流出できるようになっている、請求項9に記載のカテーテル。
- 少なくとも1つの送達部材の少なくとも一部が治療薬でコーティングされている、請求項12に記載のカテーテル。
- 治療薬は、ラパマイシン、パクリタキセル、シロリムス、酸化窒素を増強する薬剤、スタチン、アンジオテンシン変換酵素(ACE)阻害剤、PPARアゴニスト、抗炎症剤、狭窄抑制物質、抗生物質、アトルバスタチン、およびキナプリルのいずれかである、請求項13に記載のカテーテル。
- 心臓弁に治療薬を送達するためのデバイスであって、
先端を有する本体と、本体の一部に沿って長手方向の向きに配置され、本体の先端から1mmを上回る距離に位置付けられた先端を有する、治療薬でコーティングされているフィンと、を含んでなるデバイス。 - 心臓弁に治療薬を送達するためのデバイスであって、
先端を有する本体と、
本体に接続された、複数のナノフィラメントを有する拡張可能なバルーンであって、本体の先端から1mmを上回る距離に位置付けられているバルーンと
を含んでなるデバイス。 - 心臓弁に治療薬を送達するためのデバイスであって、
先端を有する本体と、
本体に接続された、連通を提供するための複数の開口部を有する拡張可能なバルーンであって、流体が1以上の開口部を通してバルーンから流出できるようになっており、本体の先端から1mmを上回る距離に位置付けられているバルーンと
を含んでなるデバイス。 - 対象者の弁膜症を診断または治療する方法であって、
a)請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載のデバイスまたは請求項15に記載のカテーテルを対象者に挿入することと、デバイスの少なくとも1つの送達部材の少なくとも一部が治療薬でコーティングされていることと、
b)デバイスを、弁の弁尖が送達部材と接触するように配置することと
からなり、
接触させた結果、治療薬が弁に送達されて弁膜症の診断または治療がなされることを特徴とする方法。 - 治療薬は、ラパマイシン、パクリタキセル、シロリムス、酸化窒素を増強する薬剤、スタチン、アンジオテンシン変換酵素(ACE)阻害剤、PPARアゴニスト、抗炎症剤、狭窄抑制物質、抗生物質、アトルバスタチン、およびキナプリルのいずれかである、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 対象者の弁膜症を診断または治療する方法であって、
a)請求項4に記載のデバイスまたは請求項12〜14のいずれか1項に記載のカテーテルを対象者の血管に挿入することと、
b)デバイスを、弁の弁尖が送達部材と接触するように配置することと、
c)治療薬と担体とを含んでなる医薬組成物を、デバイスまたはカテーテルのルーメンを通して注入することと、注入した結果、送達部材から組成物が放出されて弁膜症の診断または治療がなされることと
からなる方法。 - 対象者の弁膜症を診断または治療する方法であって、
a)請求項16に記載のデバイスを対象者の血管に挿入することと、ナノフィラメントは治療薬で少なくとも部分的にコーティングされていることと、
b)デバイスを、バルーンが弁と接触するように配置することと、
c)バルーンを膨張させることと、膨張させた結果、治療薬が弁に送達されて弁膜症の診断または治療がなされることと
からなる方法。 - 対象者の弁膜症を診断または治療する方法であって、
a)請求項17に記載のカテーテルを対象者の血管に挿入することと、送達部材の一部が治療薬でコーティングされていることと、
b)デバイスを、弁の弁尖が送達部材と接触するように配置することと、
からなり、
接触させた結果、治療薬が弁に送達されて弁膜症の診断または治療がなされることを特徴とする方法。
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US97046407P | 2007-09-06 | 2007-09-06 | |
PCT/US2008/075408 WO2009033026A1 (en) | 2007-09-06 | 2008-09-05 | Methods and devices for local therapeutic agent delivery to heart valves |
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JP2010537788A true JP2010537788A (ja) | 2010-12-09 |
JP2010537788A5 JP2010537788A5 (ja) | 2012-05-24 |
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US (1) | US8556880B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2195071A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2010537788A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101883605A (ja) |
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US20090069789A1 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
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US8556880B2 (en) | 2013-10-15 |
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