WO2013187455A1 - エチレン-ビニルアルコール樹脂組成物、多層シート、包装材及び容器 - Google Patents
エチレン-ビニルアルコール樹脂組成物、多層シート、包装材及び容器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013187455A1 WO2013187455A1 PCT/JP2013/066278 JP2013066278W WO2013187455A1 WO 2013187455 A1 WO2013187455 A1 WO 2013187455A1 JP 2013066278 W JP2013066278 W JP 2013066278W WO 2013187455 A1 WO2013187455 A1 WO 2013187455A1
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- Prior art keywords
- ethylene
- resin composition
- evoh
- mol
- vinyl alcohol
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- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 179
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
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- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 title description 149
- RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene-2,5-diol Chemical compound OC(=C)CCC(O)=C RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
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- MLUCVPSAIODCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N crotonaldehyde Natural products CC=CC=O MLUCVPSAIODCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
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- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 6
- BATOPAZDIZEVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sorbic aldehyde Natural products CC=CC=CC=O BATOPAZDIZEVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical group OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 abstract 2
- UFRKOOWSQGXVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenol Chemical compound C=C.OC=C UFRKOOWSQGXVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 156
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- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
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- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 6
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- HORQAOAYAYGIBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine Chemical compound NNC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O HORQAOAYAYGIBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
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- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- WSWCOQWTEOXDQX-MQQKCMAXSA-M (E,E)-sorbate Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C\C([O-])=O WSWCOQWTEOXDQX-MQQKCMAXSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005282 vitamin D3 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011647 vitamin D3 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940021056 vitamin d3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/12—Making granules characterised by structure or composition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/42—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/07—Aldehydes; Ketones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C08L23/0853—Vinylacetate
- C08L23/0861—Saponified vinylacetate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/02—2 layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
- B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
- B32B2307/7244—Oxygen barrier
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a resin composition, a multilayer sheet, a packaging material, and a container.
- EVOH ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer
- gas shielding properties such as oxygen, oil resistance, non-charging property, mechanical strength, etc. It is formed into a film, sheet, container, packaging material and the like and widely used as various packaging materials.
- EVOH has many hydroxyl groups in the molecule, has high crystallinity and crystallization speed, and lacks flexibility, so it is suitable for secondary processing when forming into packaging materials such as foods, especially heat stretchability.
- cracks are generated during molding and the yield of the product is lowered, a mechanical strength is reduced due to thickness unevenness, a gas barrier property is lowered, and the like, resulting in a lack of quality stability.
- a method of blending EVOH having different ethylene contents has been developed as a method for improving the transparency while ensuring the suitability for secondary processing.
- a resin composition containing two types of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer saponified products having a saponification degree of 95 mol% or more and 70 mol% or more and a polyamide resin having a terminal carboxyl group adjusted Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 8). No.
- the present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a resin composition in which flow marks and coloring during a long run are suppressed and excellent in heat stretchability.
- the invention made to solve the above problems is Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) having an ethylene content of 20 mol% to 50 mol%, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (B) having an ethylene content of 30 mol% to 60 mol%, and unsaturated Containing aldehyde (C),
- the value obtained by subtracting the ethylene content of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) from the ethylene content of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (B) is 8 mol% or more
- the mass ratio (A / B) of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) to the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (B) is from 60/40 to 95/5, It is a resin composition whose content with respect to the resin content of the said unsaturated aldehyde (C) is 0.01 ppm or more and less than 100 ppm.
- the resin composition of the present invention contains the above-mentioned specific amounts of two types of EVOH having an ethylene content in each specific range and an unsaturated aldehyde (C), thereby suppressing flow marks and coloring during a long run, And it is excellent in heat stretchability.
- the resin composition has the above-mentioned effect, for example, by containing two types of EVOH, the heat stretchability is improved, and an appropriate amount of unsaturated aldehyde (C) within the above range is contained therein.
- the flow mark can be suppressed by the action of crosslinking or the like.
- the difference between the melting point of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) and the melting point of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (B) is preferably 15 ° C. or more.
- the resin composition is improved in heat stretchability because the melting points of the two types of EVOH have the above difference.
- the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (B) has a structural unit represented by the following formula (1):
- the content of the structural unit with respect to all vinyl alcohol units is preferably 0.3 mol% or more and 40 mol% or less.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, a carboxyl group, or a halogen atom, and R 1 and R 2 are bonded to each other to form a ring structure. May be.
- the heat stretchability is further improved.
- the unsaturated aldehyde (C) may be an unsaturated aliphatic aldehyde, and at least one selected from the group consisting of crotonaldehyde, 2,4-hexadienal and 2,4,6-octatrienal. It may be.
- the resin composition contains the specific aldehyde as the unsaturated aldehyde (C), so that the flow mark and coloring during the long run are further suppressed, and the heat stretchability is excellent. *
- the multilayer sheet of the present invention is A barrier layer formed from the resin composition; And a thermoplastic resin layer laminated on at least one surface of the barrier layer.
- the multilayer sheet is excellent in appearance and heat stretchability by including a barrier layer formed from the resin composition having the above-described properties and a thermoplastic resin layer.
- the barrier layer and the thermoplastic resin layer may be laminated by a coextrusion molding method.
- the multilayer sheet can be easily and reliably manufactured by laminating the two types of layers by the coextrusion molding method, and as a result, effectively achieve the high appearance and heat stretchability. Can do.
- the packaging material of the present invention is The multilayer sheet is formed by a heat stretch molding method.
- the packaging material can be easily and reliably manufactured by using the multilayer sheet described above and formed by the specific molding method, has excellent appearance, and suppresses flow marks.
- the container of the present invention is The multilayer sheet is formed by a vacuum / pressure forming method.
- the container can be easily and reliably manufactured by using the above-described multilayer sheet by the above-mentioned specific molding method, has excellent appearance, has suppressed flow marks, and has a resin. The continuity of the composition layer is maintained, and as a result, the gas barrier property is excellent.
- the resin composition of the present invention is formed with a molded product with excellent appearance and reduced flow mark because the flow mark and coloring during long run are suppressed and heat stretchability is excellent. Can do.
- the multilayer sheet of the present invention is excellent in appearance and heat stretchability.
- the packaging material of this invention is excellent in external appearance, and a flow mark is suppressed.
- the container of the present invention is excellent in appearance, excellent in flow mark characteristics, and maintains the continuity of the resin composition layer, and as a result, is excellent in gas barrier properties. Therefore, the resin composition, the multilayer sheet, the packaging material, and the container can be suitably used as a packaging material that is excellent in appearance, suitability for secondary processing, mechanical strength, and the like.
- the resin composition of the present invention contains two types of EVOH (A) and EVOH (B) having different ethylene contents, and an unsaturated aldehyde (C),
- the value obtained by subtracting the ethylene content of EVOH (A) from the ethylene content of EVOH (B) is 8 mol% or more
- the mass ratio (A / B) of EVOH (A) to EVOH (B) is 60/40 or more and 95/5 or less
- Content with respect to the resin content of the said unsaturated aldehyde (C) is 0.01 ppm or more and less than 100 ppm.
- the “resin component” refers to the total resin component composed of EVOH (A), EVOH (B) and other resins that may be contained as optional components described later. Moreover, the said resin composition may contain arbitrary components, such as a boron compound, a conjugated polyene compound, an acetic acid and / or acetate, and a phosphorus compound, in the range which does not impair the effect of this invention. Below, each component is demonstrated.
- EVOH (A) is an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer obtained by saponifying an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer.
- the ethylene content of EVOH (A) is from 20 mol% to 50 mol%, preferably from 24 mol% to 45 mol%, more preferably from 27 mol% to 42 mol%, more preferably from 27 mol% to 38 mol%. % Or less is more preferable.
- the resin composition tends to be gelled due to a decrease in thermal stability during melt molding, and defects such as streaks and fish eyes are likely to occur.
- gelation of the resin composition becomes remarkable.
- the ethylene content exceeds the above upper limit, various gas shielding properties of the resin composition are lowered, and there is a possibility that the original characteristics of EVOH cannot be maintained.
- the lower limit of the saponification degree of the vinyl ester unit in EVOH (A) is usually 85% or more, preferably 90 mol%, more preferably 95 mol%, further preferably 98 mol%, particularly 99 mol%. preferable.
- the saponification degree is less than the lower limit, the thermal stability of the resin composition may be insufficient.
- the vinyl ester used for the production of EVOH (A) is typically vinyl acetate, but other examples include other fatty acid vinyl esters such as vinyl propionate and vinyl pivalate. .
- EVOH (A) can be produced by polymerizing ethylene and vinyl ester, but in addition to these, a vinylsilane compound can be used as a copolymerization component.
- the content of units derived from the vinylsilane compound in EVOH (A) is usually 0.0002 mol% to 0.2 mol% with respect to all structural units constituting EVOH (A).
- vinylsilane compound examples include vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltri ( ⁇ -methoxyethoxy) silane, ⁇ -methacryloxypropylmethoxysilane, and the like. Of these, vinyltrimethoxysilane and vinyltriethoxysilane are preferred.
- Examples of the other monomers include: Unsaturated hydrocarbons such as propylene and butylene; Unsaturated carboxylic acids such as (meth) acrylic acid, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate or esters thereof; And vinyl pyrrolidone such as N-vinyl pyrrolidone.
- Unsaturated hydrocarbons such as propylene and butylene
- Unsaturated carboxylic acids such as (meth) acrylic acid, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate or esters thereof
- vinyl pyrrolidone such as N-vinyl pyrrolidone.
- EVOH (B) is an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer obtained by saponifying an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer in the same manner as EVOH (A).
- the ethylene content of EVOH (B) is from 30 mol% to 60 mol%, preferably from 35 mol% to 55 mol%, more preferably from 38 mol% to 52 mol%. If the ethylene content is less than the above lower limit, the effects of flexibility, secondary processability, and heat stretchability of the resin composition may not be satisfied. On the other hand, if the ethylene content exceeds the above upper limit, various gas shielding properties of the resin composition may be lowered.
- the lower limit of the saponification degree of the vinyl ester unit in EVOH (B) is preferably 85 mol%, more preferably 90 mol%, further preferably 95 mol%, particularly preferably 99 mol%. Moreover, as an upper limit of the said saponification degree, 99.99 mol% is preferable, 99.98 mol% is more preferable, 99.95 mol% is further more preferable.
- the degree of saponification of EVOH (B) within the above range, the heat stretchability of the resin composition can be further improved without impairing the thermal stability and gas barrier properties.
- the saponification degree is less than the lower limit, the thermal stability of the resin composition may be insufficient.
- the saponification degree exceeds the above upper limit the time required for saponification increases and the productivity of EVOH (B) may be reduced.
- the vinyl ester species used in the production, the copolymerization component within the applicable range, and the amount used thereof are the same as those for EVOH (A).
- EVOH (B) may be a modified ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “modified EVOH”) from the viewpoint of improving the flexibility, secondary processing characteristics, and heat stretchability of the resin composition. Good.
- modified EVOH include EVOH having a structural unit (I) represented by the following formula (1).
- the lower limit of the content of the structural unit (I) with respect to all vinyl alcohol units constituting the EVOH (B) is preferably 0.3 mol%, more preferably 0.5 mol%, still more preferably 1 mol%. 0.5 mol% is particularly preferred.
- the vinyl alcohol unit constituting EVOH refers to a structural unit represented by —CH 2 CH (OH) — and a structural unit in which the hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl group of this structural unit is substituted with another group.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Part or all of the hydrogen atoms of the hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, a carboxyl group, or a halogen atom. R 1 and R 2 may be bonded to each other to form a ring structure.
- the method for producing the modified EVOH is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method obtained by reacting EVOH with an epoxy compound having a molecular weight of 500 or less.
- EVOH used as a raw material of the modified EVOH the same EVOH as described above can be used.
- epoxy compound having a molecular weight of 500 or less an epoxy compound having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is preferable. From the viewpoint of easy handling of the compound and reactivity with EVOH, an epoxy compound having 2 to 6 carbon atoms is more preferable, and an epoxy compound having 2 to 4 carbon atoms is more preferable. Among these, from the viewpoint of reactivity with EVOH and gas barrier properties of the obtained EVOH (B), epoxy compounds having a molecular weight of 500 or less include 1,2-epoxybutane, 2,3-epoxybutane, epoxypropane, Epoxyethane and glycidol are preferred, and epoxypropane and glycidol are more preferred.
- the lower limit of the value obtained by subtracting the ethylene content of EVOH (A) from the ethylene content of EVOH (B) is 8 mol%, preferably 12 mol%, more preferably 15 mol%, and even more preferably 18 mol%. preferable. Moreover, as an upper limit of the said value, 40 mol% is preferable, 30 mol% is more preferable, and 20 mol% is further more preferable.
- the ethylene content difference between EVOH (A) and EVOH (B) is less than the lower limit, the heat stretchability of the resin composition may be insufficient. On the other hand, when the ethylene content difference exceeds the upper limit, there is a risk that the flow mark suppression during the long run of the resin composition may be insufficient.
- the lower limit of the difference between the melting point of EVOH (A) and the melting point of EVOH (B) is preferably 12 ° C, more preferably 14 ° C, further preferably 15 ° C, and particularly preferably 22 ° C.
- the upper limit of the difference between the melting point of EVOH (A) and the melting point of EVOH (B) is preferably 80 ° C, more preferably 40 ° C, further preferably 34 ° C, and particularly preferably 28 ° C. If the difference in melting points is less than the lower limit, the heat stretchability of the resin composition may be insufficient. On the other hand, if the difference between the melting points exceeds the upper limit, the flow mark may not be sufficiently suppressed during a long run of the resin composition.
- the EVOH (A) and EVOH (B) content in the resin composition is 60/40 as the lower limit of the mass ratio (A / B) of EVOH (A) to EVOH (B). 35 is preferable, and 70/30 is more preferable. Moreover, as an upper limit of the said mass ratio, it is 95/5, 90/10 is preferable and 85/15 is more preferable. When the mass ratio is less than the lower limit, various gas shielding properties and oil resistance of the resin composition may be deteriorated. On the other hand, when the said mass ratio exceeds the said upper limit, the softness
- the total mass of EVOH (A) and EVOH (B) with respect to the resin content in the resin composition is preferably 80% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, further preferably 95% by mass or more, and 100% by mass. Particularly preferred.
- the resin composition contains an unsaturated aldehyde (C).
- the unsaturated aldehyde (C) is an aldehyde having a carbon-carbon double bond or a carbon-carbon triple bond in the molecule.
- the resin composition can suppress a flow mark generated during a long run, and as a result, the resulting molded article has excellent appearance.
- the unsaturated aldehyde (C) can suppress the occurrence of fish eyes, gels, streaks and the like due to melt molding is not necessarily clear, but for example, the unsaturated aldehyde (C) is Since it is more easily oxidized than EVOH (A) and EVOH (B), the occurrence of fish eyes, gels, streaks, etc., which are estimated to be caused by oxidation and degradation of EVOH (A) and EVOH (B) due to heating and melting, is suppressed. It is presumed that the saturated aldehyde (C) is suppressed by being oxidized earlier than EVOH (A) or EVOH (B).
- Examples of the unsaturated aldehyde (C) include acrylic aldehyde (acrolein), crotonaldehyde, methacrylaldehyde, 2-methyl-2-butenal, 2-butenal, 2-hexenal, 2,6-nonadienal, 2,4- Unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes having a carbon-carbon double bond in the molecule such as hexadienal, 2,4,6-octatrienal, 2-hexenal, 5-methyl-2-hexenal; propiolaldehyde, 2- Examples thereof include unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes having a carbon-carbon triple bond such as butyne-1-al and 2-pentyn-1-al; aromatic unsaturated aldehydes such as benzylaldehyde and phenethylaldehyde.
- acrylic aldehyde acrolein
- crotonaldehyde methacrylaldehyde
- unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes are preferable, unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes having a linear or branched carbon-carbon double bond are more preferable, crotonaldehyde, 2,4-hexadienal and 2, At least one selected from the group consisting of 4,6-octatrienal is more preferable.
- crotonaldehyde has a high solubility in water and a boiling point of around 100 ° C., for example, a process for producing EVOH It is particularly preferable because it is easy to remove or add an excess as necessary in the washing process and drying process in the above.
- the number of carbon atoms including the aldehyde part of the unsaturated aldehyde (C) is preferably 3 to 10, more preferably 4 to 8, and further preferably 4, 6, and 8.
- the content of the unsaturated aldehyde (C) is 0.01 ppm or more, preferably 0.05 ppm or more, more preferably 0.1 ppm or more, still more preferably 0.15 ppm or more, based on the resin content. 2 ppm or more is particularly preferable.
- the content of the unsaturated aldehyde (C) is less than 100 ppm, preferably 95 ppm or less, more preferably 50 ppm or less, further preferably 30 ppm or less, and particularly preferably 20 ppm or less, based on the resin content. When the content is less than the lower limit, the flow mark is not sufficiently suppressed during the long run of the resin composition.
- the content of the unsaturated aldehyde (C) in the resin composition is a ratio to the resin content in the resin composition, that is, a mass ratio with respect to the total mass of the resin components. The ratio with respect to the resin part in the said dried resin composition is said.
- the resin composition can further contain a boron compound.
- a boron compound When the resin composition further contains a boron compound, it is difficult to cause gelation at the time of melt molding, and torque fluctuations of an extrusion molding machine or the like can be suppressed. As a result, the appearance of the obtained molded body Can be improved.
- boron compound examples include boric acids such as orthoboric acid, metaboric acid, and tetraboric acid; Borate esters such as triethyl borate and trimethyl borate; Borate salts such as alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts of borates, borax; Examples thereof include borohydrides. Of these, boric acids are preferred, and orthoboric acid is more preferred.
- the content of the boron compound in the resin composition is preferably from 100 ppm to 5,000 ppm, more preferably from 100 ppm to 4,000 ppm, and even more preferably from 150 ppm to 3,000 ppm.
- the content of the boron compound in the resin composition is preferably from 100 ppm to 5,000 ppm, more preferably from 100 ppm to 4,000 ppm, and even more preferably from 150 ppm to 3,000 ppm.
- the resin composition can further contain a conjugated polyene compound.
- the resin composition further contains a conjugated polyene compound, thereby suppressing oxidative deterioration during melt molding, and as a result, the occurrence and coloring of defects such as fish eyes are further suppressed, and the appearance is superior.
- a molded body such as a container can be obtained, and a flow mark generated during a long run can be suppressed.
- the conjugated polyene compound is a compound having a so-called conjugated double bond having a structure in which two or more carbon-carbon double bonds are conjugated.
- the conjugated polyene compound may be a conjugated diene having two conjugated double bonds, a conjugated triene having three, or a conjugated polyene having a larger number.
- a plurality of sets of the conjugated double bonds may be present in one molecule without being conjugated with each other.
- a compound having three sets of conjugated triene structures in the same molecule such as tung oil is also included in the conjugated polyene compound.
- the number of conjugated double bonds is preferably 7 or less.
- the resin composition contains a conjugated polyene compound having 8 or more conjugated double bonds
- the molded product may be colored.
- the carbon number of the conjugated polyene compound is preferably 4 to 30, and more preferably 4 to 10.
- the conjugated polyene compounds include carboxyl groups and salts thereof, hydroxyl groups, ester groups, carbonyl groups, ether groups, amino groups, imino groups, amide groups, cyano groups, diazo groups, nitro groups, sulfones.
- Other functional groups such as acid groups and salts thereof, sulfonyl groups, sulfoxide groups, sulfide groups, thiol groups, phosphate groups and salts thereof, phenyl groups, halogen atoms, double bonds, triple bonds, etc.
- conjugated polyene compound examples include isoprene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2,3-diethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2-t-butyl-1,3-butadiene, 1,3- Pentadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene, 2,4-dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene, 3,4-dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene, 3-ethyl-1,3-pentadiene, 2- Methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 3-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 4-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, 2,4-hexadiene, 2,5-dimethyl-2,4- Hexadiene, 1,3-octadiene, 1,3-cyclopentadiene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 1-phenyl-1,3-butadiene, 1,4-dip
- sorbic acid, sorbic acid ester, sorbate, myrcene and a mixture of any two or more thereof are preferable, and sorbic acid, sorbate and a mixture thereof are more preferable.
- Sorbic acid, sorbate and a mixture thereof are highly effective in suppressing oxidative degradation at high temperatures, and are also widely used industrially as food additives, and thus are preferable from the viewpoint of hygiene and availability.
- the molecular weight of the conjugated polyene compound is usually 1,000 or less, preferably 500 or less, and more preferably 300 or less.
- the molecular weight of the conjugated polyene compound exceeds 1,000, the dispersion state in EVOH (A) or EVOH (B) may be deteriorated, and the appearance after melt molding may be deteriorated.
- the content of the conjugated polyene compound is preferably 0.01 ppm to 1,000 ppm, more preferably 0.1 ppm to 1,000 ppm, further preferably 0.5 ppm to 800 ppm, and particularly preferably 1 ppm to 500 ppm.
- the content of the conjugated polyene compound is less than 0.01 ppm, the resin composition may not sufficiently obtain an effect of suppressing oxidative deterioration during melt molding. On the other hand, if it exceeds 1,000 ppm, gelation of the resin composition is promoted, and the appearance of the molded product tends to be poor.
- JP-A-9-71620 discloses that by adding a conjugated polyene compound in a post-polymerization step, a resin composition with less generation of gel-like spots at the time of molding is disclosed in JP-A-9-71620.
- unsaturated aldehyde (C) in addition to the polyene compound, it is possible to further suppress the generation and coloring of defects such as fish eyes, and to improve the appearance of the molded article, and to achieve long run properties In addition, an excellent resin composition can be obtained.
- the resin composition can contain acetic acid and / or acetate.
- the resin composition further contains acetic acid and / or acetate, coloring of the product after melt molding can be prevented, so that the appearance of the resulting molded body can be improved.
- both acetic acid and acetate are preferably used, and acetic acid and sodium acetate are more preferably used.
- the content of acetic acid and / or acetate is preferably 50 ppm to 1,000 ppm, more preferably 100 ppm to 1,000 ppm, further preferably 150 ppm to 500 ppm, and particularly preferably 200 ppm to 400 ppm. If the content of acetic acid and / or acetate is less than 50 ppm, a sufficient anti-coloring effect cannot be obtained, and the appearance may be insufficient due to yellowing or the like. On the other hand, when the content of acetic acid and / or acetate exceeds 1,000 ppm, gelation tends to occur at the time of melt molding, particularly at the time of melt molding for a long time, and the appearance may be deteriorated.
- the resin composition can further contain a phosphorus compound.
- a phosphorus compound When the resin composition further contains a phosphorus compound, generation of defects such as gels and blisters and coloring are further suppressed, and appearance can be improved.
- Examples of the phosphorus compound include various phosphoric acids such as phosphoric acid and phosphorous acid, and phosphates.
- the phosphate may be in any form of a first phosphate, a second phosphate and a third phosphate.
- the cation species is not particularly limited, but is preferably an alkali metal salt or an alkaline earth metal salt. Among these, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is more preferable, and sodium dihydrogen phosphate and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate are more preferable.
- the content of the phosphorus compound is preferably 1 ppm to 200 ppm, more preferably 2 ppm to 200 ppm, still more preferably 3 ppm to 150 ppm, and particularly preferably 5 ppm to 100 ppm.
- content of the phosphorus compound in the resin composition is less than 1 ppm or more than 200 ppm, the thermal stability is reduced in the production process, and the occurrence of gels and blisters and coloration easily occur, and the appearance is improved. May be insufficient.
- content of a phosphorus compound is the value of phosphorus element conversion.
- the said resin composition may contain an alkali metal as another arbitrary component in the range which does not impair the effect of this invention.
- the alkali metal include lithium, sodium, and potassium.
- the said alkali metal can also be contained as an alkali metal salt.
- the alkali metal salts include monovalent metal aliphatic carboxylates, aromatic carboxylates, and metal complexes. Specific examples include sodium acetate, potassium acetate, sodium stearate, potassium stearate, sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and the like. Of these, sodium acetate and potassium acetate are preferred.
- the content of the alkali metal in the EVOH-containing resin composition is preferably 20 to 1,000 ppm, more preferably 50 to 500 ppm.
- the resin composition includes an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a plasticizer, an antistatic agent, a lubricant, a colorant, a filler, a heat stabilizer, other resins, and a metal of a higher aliphatic carboxylic acid. You may contain a salt, a hydrotalcite compound, etc. as other arbitrary components.
- the EVOH-containing resin composition may contain one or two or more of these optional components, and the content is 1% by mass or less in total.
- antioxidants examples include 2,5-di-t-butylhydroquinone, 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol, 4,4′-thiobis- (6-t-butylphenol), 2, Examples include 2′-methylene-bis- (4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), octadecyl-3- (3 ′, 5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, and the like.
- ultraviolet absorber examples include ethylene-2-cyano-3,3′-diphenyl acrylate, 2- (2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, and 2- (2′-hydroxy-3′-).
- t-butyl-5′-methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2,2′-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-oxybenzobenzophenone, etc. It is done.
- the plasticizer include dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, wax, liquid paraffin, and phosphate ester.
- the antistatic agent include pentaerythritol monostearate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sulfated polyolefins, polyethylene oxide, carbowax (trade name), and the like.
- Examples of the lubricant include ethylene bisstearamide and butyl stearate.
- Examples of the colorant include carbon black, phthalocyanine, quinacridone, indoline, azo pigments, and bengara.
- Examples of the filler include glass fiber, wollastonite, calcium silicate, talc, and montmorillonite.
- Examples of the heat stabilizer include hindered phenol compounds and hindered amine compounds.
- Examples of the other resin include polyamide and polyolefin.
- Examples of the metal salt of the higher aliphatic carboxylic acid include calcium stearate and magnesium stearate.
- the method for producing the resin composition is not particularly limited as long as EVOH (A), EVOH (B) and unsaturated aldehyde (C) can be blended uniformly.
- the method for producing an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (1) a step of copolymerizing ethylene and a vinyl ester, and (2) a step of saponifying the copolymer obtained in step (1), for example, A method of adding a specific amount of unsaturated aldehyde (C) in the step (1), A method of adding a specific amount of unsaturated aldehyde (C) in the step (2), A method of adding a specific amount of unsaturated aldehyde (C) to EVOH obtained by the above step (2), In the above step (1), by adjusting various conditions such as the use amount of monomers such as ethylene and vinyl ester, the type and amount of the polymerization initiator, the polymerization temperature and the polymerization time, the degradation product of the monomer A method of adjusting the amount of unsaturated aldeh
- the EVOH obtained by the above step (2) contains a specific amount of the unsaturated aldehyde (C).
- the method of adding is preferable.
- Method of adding a specific amount of unsaturated aldehyde (C) to the EVOH for example, Method of adjusting the final composition amount by adding a specific amount of unsaturated aldehyde (C) only to EVOH (A)
- Method of adjusting the final composition amount by adding a specific amount of unsaturated aldehyde (C) only to EVOH (B) Examples include a method using a method of adding a specific amount of unsaturated aldehyde (C) to both EVOH (A) and EVOH (B) and adjusting the final composition amount.
- a method of adding only to EVOH (A) or EVOH (B) is more preferable.
- Examples of the method of adding a specific amount of unsaturated aldehyde (C) to EVOH include, for example, a method of previously blending unsaturated aldehyde (C) in EVOH and granulating pellets, saponification of ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer The method of impregnating the unsaturated aldehyde (C) into the strand precipitated in the step of depositing the paste later, the method of impregnating the unsaturated aldehyde (C) after cutting the precipitated strand, and the dry resin composition chip again A method of adding an unsaturated aldehyde (C) to a dissolved one, a method of melt-kneading a blend of two components of EVOH and unsaturated aldehyde (C), and an unsaturated aldehyde (C ), And a method in which the unsaturated aldehyde (C) is granulated by blending a part of EVOH at a high
- a method of granulating pellets by previously blending unsaturated aldehyde (C) in EVOH is preferable.
- an unsaturated aldehyde (C) is added to a solution in which EVOH is dissolved in a good solvent such as a water / methanol mixed solvent, and the mixed solution is extruded into a poor solvent from a nozzle or the like to precipitate and / or.
- a good solvent such as a water / methanol mixed solvent
- Examples of the method of adding each component other than the unsaturated aldehyde (C) to the resin composition include, for example, a method in which the pellets are mixed and melt-kneaded with the components, and an unsaturated aldehyde (C ) And a method of mixing each component at the same time, a method of immersing the pellet in a solution containing each component, and the like.
- a ribbon blender, a high-speed mixer, a mixing roll, an extruder, an intensive mixer, or the like can be used.
- the resin composition is molded into various molded products such as films, sheets, containers, pipes, hoses, fibers, and packaging materials by melt molding or the like.
- the melt molding method include extrusion molding, inflation extrusion, blow molding, melt spinning, injection molding, injection blow molding, and the like.
- the melt molding temperature varies depending on the melting point of EVOH (A) and the melting point of EVOH (B), but is preferably about 150 ° C. to 270 ° C.
- the molded body obtained by the above melt molding or the like may be subjected to secondary processing molding such as bending, vacuum molding, blow molding, press molding or the like, if necessary, to obtain a target molded body such as a container. .
- the molded body may be a molded body having a single-layer structure consisting only of a barrier layer formed from the resin composition (hereinafter, also referred to as “barrier layer”). It is preferable that the molded body has a multilayer structure including another layer laminated on at least one surface of the barrier layer.
- the multilayer structure examples include a multilayer sheet, a multilayer pipe, and a multilayer fiber.
- the thermoplastic resin layer formed from a thermoplastic resin is preferable, for example.
- the molded article having the multilayer structure is excellent in appearance and heat stretchability by including a barrier layer and a thermoplastic resin layer.
- thermoplastic resin layer As a resin for forming the thermoplastic resin layer, High density, medium density or low density polyethylene; Polyethylene copolymerized with vinyl acetate, acrylic acid ester, or ⁇ -olefins such as butene and hexene; Ionomer resin; Polypropylene homopolymer; Polypropylene copolymerized with ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene, butene and hexene; Polyolefins such as modified polypropylene blended with rubber polymers; Resins obtained by adding or grafting maleic anhydride to these resins; Polyamide resin, polyester resin, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, polycarbonate resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, and the like can be used.
- thermoplastic resin layer polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide resin, and polyester resin are preferable.
- thermoplastic resin layer / barrier layer / thermoplastic resin layer, barrier layer / adhesive resin layer / Typical examples include thermoplastic resin layers, thermoplastic resin layers / adhesive resin layers / barrier layers / adhesive resin layers / thermoplastic resin layers.
- thermoplastic resin layer / barrier layer / thermoplastic resin layer, thermoplastic resin layer / adhesive resin layer / barrier layer / adhesive resin layer / thermoplastic resin layer are preferable.
- the thermoplastic resin layers of both outer layers may be layers made of different resins or may be layers made of the same resin.
- the method for producing the molded article having the multilayer structure is not particularly limited.
- extrusion lamination method dry lamination method, extrusion blow molding method, coextrusion lamination method, coextrusion molding method, coextrusion pipe molding.
- coextrusion blow molding method co-injection molding method, solution coating method and the like.
- a coextrusion laminating method and a coextrusion molding method are preferable, and a coextrusion molding method is more preferable.
- Examples of a method for further forming a molded body using the multilayer sheet include a heat stretch molding method, a vacuum forming method, a pressure forming method, a vacuum pressure forming method, and a blow forming method. These moldings are usually performed in a temperature range below the melting point of EVOH. Among these, the heat stretch molding method and the vacuum / pressure forming method are preferable.
- the heat stretch molding method is a method in which a multilayer sheet is heated and stretched in one direction or a plurality of directions.
- the vacuum / pressure forming method is a method in which a multilayer sheet is heated and formed using both vacuum and compressed air.
- a packaging material formed by molding the above-described multilayer sheet by a heat stretch molding method can be easily and reliably manufactured, has excellent appearance, and has a suppressed flow mark. it can.
- a container formed by molding the above-described multilayer sheet by a vacuum / pressure forming method can be easily and reliably manufactured, has excellent appearance, can suppress flow marks, and has a resin composition. The continuity of the layer is maintained, and excellent gas barrier properties can be exhibited.
- thermoplastic resin to be used is preferably a resin that can be stretched within the range of the heat stretching temperature represented by the following formula (2). X ⁇ 110 ⁇ Y ⁇ X ⁇ 10 (2)
- X is melting
- Y is a heating stretching temperature (° C.).
- the above-mentioned resin can be used as a thermoplastic resin to further improve the appearance and to suppress defects such as cracks. can do.
- the molded body can also be molded by a co-injection stretch blow molding method using the above-described resin composition and another resin composition.
- the co-injection stretch blow molding method is a method in which a preform having a multilayer structure is obtained by co-injection molding using two or more resin compositions, and then this preform is subjected to heat stretch blow molding.
- scrap generated when performing thermoforming such as extrusion molding and blow molding may be reused by blending with the thermoplastic resin layer, or may be used as a separate recovery layer.
- a multilayer sheet is heated and softened, and then formed into a mold shape.
- a molding method vacuum or compressed air is used, and if necessary, a plug is further formed into a mold shape (straight method, drape method, air slip method, snapback method, plug assist method, etc.) or press molding. The method etc. are mentioned.
- Various molding conditions such as the molding temperature, the degree of vacuum, the pressure of compressed air, or the molding speed are appropriately set depending on the plug shape, the mold shape, the properties of the raw material film or sheet, and the like.
- the molding temperature is not particularly limited, and may be a temperature at which the resin softens to a sufficient degree for molding.
- the multilayer sheet is not melted by heating, and the metal surface of the heater plate is not heated to such a high temperature that it is transferred to the multilayer sheet. It is desirable that the temperature is not too low.
- the temperature of the multilayer sheet is 50 ° C. to 180 ° C., preferably 60 ° C. to 160 ° C.
- the container of the present invention is a container formed by thermoforming into a three-dimensional shape in which a concave portion is formed on the plane of the multilayer sheet.
- the said container is suitably shape
- the shape of the recess is determined in accordance with the shape of the contents. In particular, as the depth of the recess is deeper and the shape of the recess is not smooth, the normal EVOH laminate is likely to cause uneven thickness, such as a corner portion. Is extremely thin, so the improvement effect of the present invention is great.
- the draw ratio (S) is preferably 0.2 or more, more preferably 0.3 or more, and even more preferably. When the ratio is 0.4 or more, the effect of the present invention is more effectively exhibited. Further, when the container is formed by molding a multilayer sheet having a total layer thickness of about 300 ⁇ m or more, the drawing ratio (S) is preferably 0.3 or more, more preferably 0.5 or more, The effect of the present invention is more effectively exhibited when it is preferably 0.8 or more.
- the aperture ratio (S) refers to a value calculated by the following equation (3).
- S (depth of container) / (diameter of the largest circle inscribed in the opening of the container) (3) That is, the drawing ratio (S) is the value of the depth of the deepest part of the container, the value of the diameter of the largest inscribed circle that touches the shape of the recess (opening) formed in the plane of the multilayer sheet. It is the value divided.
- the diameter of the circle is, for example, the diameter of the concave portion when the shape is a circle, the short diameter when the shape is an ellipse, and the length of the short side when the shape is a rectangle. The diameter of the circle.
- Unsaturated aldehyde (C) was quantified by quantitatively analyzing the extracted sample by high performance liquid chromatography under the following conditions. In quantification, a calibration curve prepared by reacting each of the unsaturated aldehyde (C) samples with a DNPH solution was used. In addition, the detection lower limit of unsaturated aldehyde (C) was 0.01 ppm.
- Column: TSKgel 80Ts (manufactured by Tosoh) Mobile phase: water / acetonitrile 52: 48 (volume ratio) Detector: PDA (360 nm), TOF-MS
- methanol was added to adjust the copolymer concentration to 20% by mass.
- This solution was heated to 60 ° C. and reacted for about 4 hours while blowing nitrogen gas into the reactor.
- the solution was extruded into water from a metal plate having a circular opening, precipitated, and cut to obtain pellets having a diameter of about 3 mm and a length of about 5 mm.
- the pellets were drained with a centrifuge and then washed with repeated operations of adding a large amount of water and then draining to obtain EVOH (A) pellets.
- the degree of saponification of the obtained EVOH (A) was 99.95 mol%.
- EVOH (A) degree of saponification: 99.95 mol%) having a predetermined ethylene content shown in Table 1 below was synthesized.
- the EVOH obtained above has an ethylene content of 48 mol% at 160 ° C., 44 mol% at 165 ° C., 35 mol% at 177 ° C., and 32 mol%. 183 ° C., 27 mol%, 191 ° C., 15 mol%, 208 ° C.
- the saponification degree was 90 mol% and the ethylene content was 44 mol%, it was 134 ° C.
- the melting point of the modified EVOH (B) was 106 ° C.
- This strand was introduced into a pelletizer to obtain a porous resin chip.
- the obtained chip was washed with an acetic acid aqueous solution and ion-exchanged water.
- the cleaning liquid and the chip were separated and drained, followed by drying at 80 ° C. for 4 hours using a hot air dryer and further drying at 100 ° C. for 16 hours to obtain crotonaldehyde-containing EVOH (A) pellets. .
- the content of each component in the obtained pellet was quantified by the above quantification method, and the content in EVOH (A) was determined.
- crotonaldehyde-containing EVOH (B) pellets were obtained in the same manner for EVOH (B) obtained in Synthesis Example 3 and Synthesis Example 4.
- the crotonaldehyde content of EVOH (B) is measured in advance using the above quantification method, and EVOH (A) is adjusted by adjusting the addition amount of crotonaldehyde and the concentration of each component of the aqueous solution for immersion treatment by this method.
- EVOH (B) were prepared so that the content of crotonaldehyde was as described in Table 1.
- crotonaldehyde-containing EVOH (A) pellets, EVOH (B) pellets or crotonaldehyde-containing EVOH (B) pellets are mixed so that the respective contents are as shown in Table 1, after dry blending, biaxial Using an extruder (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd., 2D25W, 25 mm ⁇ , die temperature 220 ° C., screw rotation speed 100 rpm), extrusion pelletization was performed in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the desired resin composition pellets.
- an extruder manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd., 2D25W, 25 mm ⁇ , die temperature 220 ° C., screw rotation speed 100 rpm
- This strand was introduced into a pelletizer to obtain a porous resin chip.
- the obtained chip was washed with an acetic acid aqueous solution and ion-exchanged water.
- the cleaning liquid and the chip were separated and drained, followed by drying at 80 ° C. for 4 hours using a hot air dryer and further drying at 100 ° C. for 16 hours to obtain crotonaldehyde-containing EVOH (A) pellets. .
- the content of each component in the obtained pellet was quantified by the above quantification method, and the content in EVOH (A) was determined.
- the modified EVOH (B) obtained in Synthesis Example 5 was also used to obtain crotonaldehyde-containing EVOH (B) pellets by the same method.
- the crotonaldehyde content of EVOH (B) is measured in advance using the above quantification method, and EVOH (A) is adjusted by adjusting the addition amount of crotonaldehyde and the concentration of each component of the aqueous solution for immersion treatment by this method.
- Resin composition pellets were prepared in the same manner as described above so that the content of crotonaldehyde relative to the total mass of and EVOH (B) was as shown in Table 1.
- Example 12 Resin composition pellets containing 2,4-hexadienal were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2,4-hexadienal was used in place of crotonaldehyde in Example 1 above.
- Example 13 Resin composition pellets containing 2,4,6-octatrienal were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2,4,6-octatrienal was used instead of crotonaldehyde in Example 1 above. .
- the flow mark suppression is “A (good)” when no flow mark is observed, and “B (somewhat good)” when the flow mark is small or occurrence frequency is small, and the flow mark is large and occurrence frequency is high.
- the case was evaluated as “C (defect)”.
- the resin compositions of the examples are excellent in flow mark suppression, coloring suppression, and heat stretchability.
- the resin composition of the comparative example in which the content of unsaturated aldehyde (C), the ethylene content of EVOH, or the mass ratio of EVOH (A) and EVOH (B) is outside the specified range is a flow mark inhibiting property, coloring It was found that the suppressibility and heat stretchability were inferior.
- the extrusion temperature of the extruder (1) is 200 ° C to 250 ° C
- the extruder (2) is 200 ° C to 250 ° C
- the extruder (3) is 160 ° C to 250 ° C
- the extruder (4) is 170 ° C to 250 ° C. C.
- the feed block and the die were set at 250.degree.
- Example 5 A coextrusion film forming test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 16 except that the resin composition used in Example 16 was replaced with the resin composition obtained in Comparative Example 1, and the sheet 10 hours after the start of film formation was sampled. When the appearance was observed, a multilayer sheet was obtained in which many appearance marks due to EVOH aggregation and many flow marks due to flow abnormalities were observed.
- Example 17 Under the following extrusion molding conditions, the resin composition obtained in Example 3, polyolefin (a), polyolefin (a ′), and carboxylic acid-modified polyolefin (b) were charged into separate extruders (a) / (a Total layer thickness 1, having a configuration of ') / (b) / resin composition / (b) / (a') / (a) (each layer thickness: 200 ⁇ m / 225 ⁇ m / 25 ⁇ m / 100 ⁇ m / 25 ⁇ m / 225 ⁇ m / 200 ⁇ m) A multilayer sheet of 4 types and 7 layers of 000 ⁇ m was obtained by a coextrusion sheet forming apparatus.
- the obtained multilayer sheet was heated for 1.5 seconds in a thermoforming machine (R530 manufactured by Multi-Back Co., Ltd.) with a heater plate temperature of 100 ° C., and the sheet temperature was about 85 ° C.
- the obtained container was excellent in appearance and the flow mark was suppressed.
- the oxygen transmission rate was measured using an oxygen transmission amount measuring device (“MOCON OX-TRAN 2/20” manufactured by Modern Control). Specifically, a cup container was set in a measuring apparatus, and measurement was performed at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 65% RH (ASTM D3985). Oxygen barrier property, if it is less than 0.8mL / (m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm) and "A (good)", 0.8mL / (m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm) or the case of "B (bad) "
- Example 6 Using only the EVOH (A) pellet obtained in Example 1, the resin composition pellet was made into a multilayer sheet in the same manner as in Example 16, and this multilayer sheet was made into a cup container in the same manner as in Example 18. When this cup container was cut and its cross section was observed, the continuity of the resin composition layer was lost at the corner of the container. Further, the oxygen permeability of the container was significantly increased as compared with Example 18.
- Example 7 Using only the EVOH (B) pellet obtained in Example 1, the resin composition pellet was made into a multilayer sheet in the same manner as in Example 16, and this multilayer sheet was made into a cup container in the same manner as in Example 18. When this cup container was cut and its cross section was observed, the continuity of the resin composition layer was lost at the corner of the container. Further, the oxygen permeability of the container was significantly increased as compared with Example 18.
- Comparative Example 8 Using only EVOH (A) pellets obtained in Comparative Example 1, the resin composition pellets were made into a multilayer sheet in the same manner as in Example 16, and this multilayer sheet was made into a cup container in the same manner as in Example 18. When this cup container was cut and its cross section was observed, the continuity of the resin composition layer was lost at the corner of the container. Further, the oxygen permeability of the container was significantly increased as compared with Example 18.
- the resin composition of the present invention is capable of molding a molded article having excellent appearance and suppressing the flow mark because the flow mark and coloring during long run are suppressed and the heat stretchability is excellent.
- the multilayer sheet of the present invention is excellent in appearance and heat stretchability.
- the packaging material of this invention is excellent in external appearance, and the flow mark is suppressed.
- the container of the present invention has excellent appearance, suppresses flow marks, maintains the continuity of the resin composition layer, and has excellent gas barrier properties. Therefore, the resin composition, the multilayer sheet, the packaging material, and the container can be suitably used as a packaging material that is excellent in appearance, suitability for secondary processing, mechanical strength, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
エチレン含有量が20モル%以上50モル%以下のエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(A)、エチレン含有量が30モル%以上60モル%以下のエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(B)及び不飽和アルデヒド(C)を含有し、
上記エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(B)のエチレン含有量からエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(A)のエチレン含有量を減じた値が8モル%以上であり、
上記エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(A)のエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(B)に対する質量比(A/B)が60/40以上95/5以下であり、
上記不飽和アルデヒド(C)の樹脂分に対する含有量が0.01ppm以上100ppm未満である樹脂組成物である。
当該樹脂組成物は、2種のEVOHの融点が上記の差を有することで加熱延伸性が向上する。
この構造単位の全ビニルアルコール単位に対する含有率は0.3モル%以上40モル%以下であることが好ましい。
当該樹脂組成物から形成されるバリア層と、
このバリア層の少なくとも一方の面に積層される熱可塑性樹脂層と
を備える。
当該多層シートは、上述の特性を有する樹脂組成物から形成したバリア層と、熱可塑性樹脂層とを備えることで、外観性及び加熱延伸性に優れる。
当該多層シートは、上記2種の層が共押出成形法により積層されることで、容易かつ確実に製造することができ、その結果、上記高い外観性及び加熱延伸性を効果的に達成することができる。
当該多層シートを加熱延伸成形法により成形してなる。
当該包装材は、上述の当該多層シートを用い、上記特定の成形法により形成されることで、容易かつ確実に製造することができ、また外観性に優れ、フローマークが抑制されている。
また、本発明の容器は、
当該多層シートを真空圧空成形法により成形してなる。
当該容器は、上述の当該多層シートを用い、上記特定の成形法により形成されることで、容易かつ確実に製造することができ、外観性に優れ、フローマークが抑制されており、また、樹脂組成物層の連続性が保持され、その結果、ガスバリア性に優れる。
本発明の樹脂組成物は、異なるエチレン含有量を有する2種のEVOH(A)及びEVOH(B)、並びに不飽和アルデヒド(C)を含有し、
上記EVOH(B)のエチレン含有量からEVOH(A)のエチレン含有量を減じた値が8モル%以上であり、
EVOH(A)のEVOH(B)に対する質量比(A/B)が60/40以上95/5以下であり、
上記不飽和アルデヒド(C)の樹脂分に対する含有量が0.01ppm以上100ppm未満である。
なお、「樹脂分」とは、EVOH(A)とEVOH(B)と後述する任意成分として含有してもよい他の樹脂とからなる全樹脂成分をいう。
また、当該樹脂組成物は、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲において、ホウ素化合物、共役ポリエン化合物、酢酸及び/又は酢酸塩、リン化合物等の任意成分を含有していてもよい。以下に、各成分について説明する。
EVOH(A)は、エチレン-ビニルエステル共重合体をケン化して得られるエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体である。
プロピレン、ブチレン等の不飽和炭化水素;
(メタ)アクリル酸、(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、(メタ)アクリル酸エチル等の不飽和カルボン酸又はそのエステル;
N-ビニルピロリドン等のビニルピロリドン等
が挙げられる。
EVOH(B)は、EVOH(A)と同様にエチレン-ビニルエステル共重合体をケン化して得られるエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体である。
当該樹脂組成物は、不飽和アルデヒド(C)を含有する。不飽和アルデヒド(C)は、分子内に炭素-炭素二重結合又は炭素-炭素三重結合を有するアルデヒドである。当該樹脂組成物は、不飽和アルデヒド(C)を含有することで、ロングラン時に発生するフローマークを抑制することができ、その結果、得られる成形体の外観性に優れる。
[ホウ素化合物]
当該樹脂組成物は、ホウ素化合物をさらに含有することができる。当該樹脂組成物は、ホウ素化合物をさらに含有すると、溶融成形の際にゲル化を起こし難くなると共に、押出成形機等のトルク変動を抑制することができ、その結果、得られる成形体の外観性を向上させることができる。
オルトホウ酸、メタホウ酸、四ホウ酸等のホウ酸類;
ホウ酸トリエチル、ホウ酸トリメチル等のホウ酸エステル;
上記ホウ酸類のアルカリ金属塩又はアルカリ土類金属塩、ホウ砂等のホウ酸塩;
水素化ホウ素類等が挙げられる。
これらのうち、ホウ酸類が好ましく、オルトホウ酸がより好ましい。
当該樹脂組成物は、共役ポリエン化合物をさらに含有することができる。当該樹脂組成物は、共役ポリエン化合物をさらに含有することで、溶融成形時の酸化劣化を抑制することができ、その結果、フィッシュアイ等の欠陥の発生及び着色をより抑制し、外観性により優れる容器等の成形体を得ることができると共に、またロングラン時に発生するフローマークを抑制することができる。
イソプレン、2,3-ジメチル-1,3-ブタジエン、2,3-ジエチル-1,3-ブタジエン、2-t-ブチル-1,3-ブタジエン、1,3-ペンタジエン、2,3-ジメチル-1,3-ペンタジエン、2,4-ジメチル-1,3-ペンタジエン、3,4-ジメチル-1,3-ペンタジエン、3-エチル-1,3-ペンタジエン、2-メチル-1,3-ペンタジエン、3-メチル-1,3-ペンタジエン、4-メチル-1,3-ペンタジエン、1,3-ヘキサジエン、2,4-ヘキサジエン、2,5-ジメチル-2,4-ヘキサジエン、1,3-オクタジエン、1,3-シクロペンタジエン、1,3-シクロヘキサジエン、1-フェニル-1,3-ブタジエン、1,4-ジフェニル-1,3-ブタジエン、1-メトキシ-1,3-ブタジエン、2-メトキシ-1,3-ブタジエン、1-エトキシ-1,3-ブタジエン、2-エトキシ-1,3-ブタジエン、2-ニトロ-1,3-ブタジエン、クロロプレン、1-クロロ-1,3-ブタジエン、1-ブロモ-1,3-ブタジエン、2-ブロモ-1,3-ブタジエン、フルベン、トロポン、オシメン、フェランドレン、ミルセン、ファルネセン、センブレン、ソルビン酸、ソルビン酸エステル、ソルビン酸塩、アビエチン酸等の共役ジエン化合物;
1,3,5-ヘキサトリエン、2,4,6-オクタトリエン-1-カルボン酸、エレオステアリン酸、桐油、コレカルシフェロール等の共役トリエン化合物;
シクロオクタテトラエン、2,4,6,8-デカテトラエン-1-カルボン酸、レチノール、レチノイン酸等の共役ポリエン化合物等が挙げられる。上記共役ポリエン化合物は1種単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を併用することもできる。
当該樹脂組成物は、酢酸及び/又は酢酸塩を含有することができる。当該樹脂組成物は、酢酸及び/又は酢酸塩をさらに含有すると、溶融成形後の製品の着色を防止することができるため、得られる成形体の外観性を向上させることができる。
当該樹脂組成物は、リン化合物をさらに含有することができる。当該樹脂組成物は、リン化合物をさらに含有すると、ゲル・ブツ等の欠陥の発生及び着色がより抑制され、外観性を向上させることができる。
上記樹脂組成物は、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、その他の任意成分として、アルカリ金属を含有してもよい。上記アルカリ金属としては、例えばリチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム等が挙げられる。また、上記アルカリ金属は、アルカリ金属塩として含有することもできる。上記アルカリ金属塩とは、例えば1価の金属の脂肪族カルボン酸塩、芳香族カルボン酸塩、金属錯体等である。具体的には酢酸ナトリウム、酢酸カリウム、ステアリン酸ナトリウム、ステアリン酸カリウム、エチレンジアミン四酢酸のナトリウム塩等が挙げられる。これらのうち、酢酸ナトリウム、酢酸カリウムが好ましい。上記アルカリ金属の上記EVOH含有樹脂組成物における含有量としては、20~1,000ppmが好ましく、50~500ppmがより好ましい。
上記紫外線吸収剤としては、例えばエチレン-2-シアノ-3,3’-ジフェニルアクリレート、2-(2’-ヒドロキシ-5’-メチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2-(2’-ヒドロキシ-3’-t-ブチル-5’-メチルフェニル)-5-クロロベンゾトリアゾール、2-ヒドロキシ-4-メトキシベンゾフェノン、2,2’-ジヒドロキシ-4-メトキシベンゾフェノン、2-ヒドロキシ-4-オキトシキベンゾフェノン等が挙げられる。
上記可塑剤としては、例えばフタル酸ジメチル、フタル酸ジエチル、フタル酸ジオクチル、ワックス、流動パラフィン、リン酸エステル等が挙げられる。
上記帯電防止剤としては、例えばペンタエリスリットモノステアレート、ソルビタンモノパルミテート、硫酸化ポリオレフィン類、ポリエチレンオキシド、カーボワックス(商品名)等が挙げられる。
上記滑剤としては、例えばエチレンビスステアロアミド、ブチルステアレート等が挙げられる。
上記着色剤としては、例えばカーボンブラック、フタロシアニン、キナクリドン、インドリン、アゾ系顔料、ベンガラ等が挙げられる。
上記充填剤としては、例えばグラスファイバー、ウォラストナイト、ケイ酸カルシウム、タルク、モンモリロナイト等が挙げられる。
上記熱安定剤としては、例えばヒンダードフェノール系化合物、ヒンダードアミン系化合物等が挙げられる。
上記他の樹脂としては、例えばポリアミド、ポリオレフィン等が挙げられる。
上記高級脂肪族カルボン酸の金属塩としては、例えばステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウム等が挙げられる。
当該樹脂組成物の製造方法としては、EVOH(A)、EVOH(B)及び不飽和アルデヒド(C)を均一にブレンドできる方法であれば特に限定されない。
エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体を製造する方法における
(1)エチレンとビニルエステルとを共重合させる工程、及び
(2)工程(1)により得られた共重合体をケン化する工程
において、例えば、
上記工程(1)において特定量の不飽和アルデヒド(C)を添加する方法、
上記工程(2)において特定量の不飽和アルデヒド(C)を添加する方法、
上記工程(2)により得られたEVOHに特定量の不飽和アルデヒド(C)を添加する方法、
上記工程(1)において、エチレン、ビニルエステル等の単量体の使用量、重合開始剤の種類及び量、重合温度、重合時間等の各種条件を調節することにより、上記単量体の分解物等として生成し得る不飽和アルデヒド(C)の量を調整する方法、
上記工程(2)において、エチレン-ビニルエステル共重合体のケン化の際に、添加するアルカリの種類及び量、反応温度、反応時間等の各種条件を調節することにより、重合体主鎖の分解等により生成し得る不飽和アルデヒド(C)の量を調整する方法、
これらの方法を併用する方法等が挙げられる。
EVOH(A)のみに特定量の不飽和アルデヒド(C)を添加し最終組成量を調整する方法
EVOH(B)のみに特定量の不飽和アルデヒド(C)を添加し最終組成量を調整する方法
EVOH(A)及びEVOH(B)の両方に特定量の不飽和アルデヒド(C)を添加し最終組成量を調整する方法用いる方法等が挙げられる。これらの中で、ハンドリング性を考慮した場合、EVOH(A)のみ又はEVOH(B)のみに添加する方法がより好ましい。
当該樹脂組成物は、溶融成形等により、フィルム、シート、容器、パイプ、ホース、繊維、包装材等の各種の成形体に成形される。溶融成形の方法としては、例えば、押出成形、インフレーション押出、ブロー成形、溶融紡糸、射出成形、射出ブロー成形等が挙げられる。溶融成形温度としては、EVOH(A)の融点及びEVOH(B)の融点等により異なるが、150℃~270℃程度が好ましい。
上記多層構造の成形体を構成する他の層としては、例えば、熱可塑性樹脂から形成される熱可塑性樹脂層が好ましい。上記多層構造の成形体は、バリア層と熱可塑性樹脂層とを備えることで、外観性及び加熱延伸性に優れる。
高密度、中密度又は低密度のポリエチレン;
酢酸ビニル、アクリル酸エステル、又はブテン、ヘキセン等のα-オレフィン類を共重合したポリエチレン;
アイオノマー樹脂;
ポリプロピレンホモポリマー;
エチレン、ブテン、ヘキセン等のα-オレフィン類を共重合したポリプロピレン;
ゴム系ポリマーをブレンドした変性ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン類;
これらの樹脂に無水マレイン酸を付加又はグラフトした樹脂;
ポリアミド樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリ酢酸ビニル樹脂等を用いることができる。
X-110≦Y≦X-10 ・・・(2)
上記包装材は、多層シートから加熱延伸成形法を用いて製造する場合、熱可塑性樹脂として上記樹脂を用いることで、外観性をより優れるものにすることができ、またクラック等の欠陥をより抑制することができる。
S=(容器の深さ)/(容器の開口部に内接する最大径の円の直径)
・・・ (3)
すなわち、絞り比(S)とは、容器の最深部の深さの値を、多層シートの平面に形成された凹部(開口部)の形状に接する最も大きい内接円の円の直径の値で除した値である。この円の直径は、例えば、凹部の形状が円である場合にはその直径、楕円である場合にはその短径、長方形である場合にはその短辺の長さがそれぞれ内接する最大径の円の直径になる。
核磁気共鳴装置(「JNM-GX-500型」、日本電子株式会社製)を用い、DMSO-d6を測定溶媒として、1H-NMRにより求めた。
50質量%の2,4-ジニトロフェニルヒドラジン(DNPH)の水溶液200mgに、1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール(HFIP)50mL、酢酸11.5mL及びイオン交換水8mLを加え、DNPH溶液を調製した。測定ペレット1gをこのDNPH溶液20mLに加え、35℃にて1時間攪拌し溶解させた。この溶液にアセトニトリルを加えて樹脂分を析出させ沈降させた後、濾過して得られた溶液を濃縮し、抽出サンプルを得た。この抽出サンプルを下記条件の高速液体クロマトグラフィーにて定量分析することで、不飽和アルデヒド(C)を定量した。定量に際しては、それぞれの不飽和アルデヒド(C)の標品をDNPH溶液と反応させて作成した検量線を使用した。なお、不飽和アルデヒド(C)の検出下限は、0.01ppmであった。
カラム:TSKgel 80Ts(東ソー製)
移動相:水/アセトニトリル=52:48(体積比)
検出器:PDA(360nm)、TOF-MS
[合成例1]
250Lの加圧反応槽を用いて以下の条件で重合を実施し、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体を合成した。
(仕込み量)
酢酸ビニル:83.0kg
メタノール:17.4kg
2,2’-アゾビスイソブチルニトリル:66.4g
重合温度 :60℃
(重合条件)
重合槽エチレン圧力:3.9MPa
重合時間 :3.5時間
上記重合における酢酸ビニルの重合率は36%であった。得られた共重合反応液にソルビン酸を添加した後、追出塔に供給し、塔下部からのメタノール蒸気の導入により未反応酢酸ビニルを塔頂より除去して、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体の41質量%メタノール溶液を得た。このエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体のエチレン含有量は32モル%であった。このエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体のメタノール溶液をケン化反応器に仕込み、苛性ソーダ/メタノール溶液(80g/L)を、共重合体中のビニルエステル単位に対して0.4当量となるように添加し、さらにメタノールを加えて共重合体濃度が20質量%になるように調整した。この溶液を60℃に昇温し、反応器内に窒素ガスを吹き込みながら約4時間反応させた。この溶液を円形の開口部を有する金板から水中に押し出して析出させ、切断することで、直径約3mm、長さ約5mmのペレットを得た。このペレットを遠心分離機で脱液した後、さらに大量の水を加えてから脱液する操作を繰り返し行って洗浄し、EVOH(A)のペレットを得た。得られたEVOH(A)のケン化度は99.95モル%であった。
また、上記同様にして、下記表1に示す所定のエチレン含有量のEVOH(A)(ケン化度:99.95モル%)を合成した。
クロトンアルデヒドを、EVOHに対して0.5ppm含有するように、上記重合時に供給した以外は合成例1と同様にして重合、ケン化、ペレット化及び洗浄を行ってペレットを得た。得られたEVOH(A)のケン化度は99.95モル%であった。
[合成例3]
上記合成例1のEVOH(A)の合成方法と同様にして、エチレン含有量が44モル%でケン化度が99.95モル%のEVOH(B)のペレットを合成した。
また、これと同様にして、下記表1に示す所定のエチレン含有量のEVOH(B)(ケン化度は99.95モル%)を合成した。
上記合成例2のEVOH(A)の合成方法と同様にして、エチレン含有量が44モル%でケン化度が90モル%のEVOH(B)のペレットを合成した。
上記合成例3で得られたエチレン含有量が44モル%でケン化度が99.95モル%のEVOH(B)とエポキシプロパンとを用い、東芝機械製TEM-35BS(37mmφ、L/D=52.5)を使用して、バレルC2及びC3が200℃、バレルC4~C15が240℃、回転数が400rpmの条件下、エポキシプロパンをC9から圧入することにより、変性EVOH(B)を合成した。得られた変性EVOH(B)の変性度は、全ビニルアルコール単位に対して8モル%であった。
[実施例1~10、14及び15並びに比較例2~4]
上記合成例1又は合成例2で得られたEVOH(A)のペレット20kgを、180kgの水/メタノール=40/60(質量比)の混合溶媒中に加え、60℃で6時間攪拌し完全に溶解させた。得られた溶液に所定量のクロトンアルデヒド及びソルビン酸を添加し、さらに1時間攪拌してクロトンアルデヒドを完全に溶解させて樹脂溶液を得た。この樹脂溶液を直径4mmのノズルより、0℃に調整した水/メタノール=90/10(質量比)の凝固浴中に連続的に押出してストランド状に凝固させた。このストランドをペレタイザー導入して多孔質の樹脂チップを得た。得られたチップを酢酸水溶液及びイオン交換水を用いて洗浄した。この洗浄液とチップとを分離して脱液した後、熱風乾燥機を用いて80℃で4時間乾燥を行い、さらに100℃で16時間乾燥を行い、クロトンアルデヒド含有EVOH(A)ペレットを得た。得られたペレットにおける各成分の含有量を上記定量方法により定量し、EVOH(A)における含有量とした。同様に上記合成例3、合成例4で得られたEVOH(B)についても同様の方法により、クロトンアルデヒド含有EVOH(B)ペレットを得た。この際、予め上記定量方法を用いEVOH(B)のクロトンアルデヒド含有量を測定し、本方法でクロトンアルデヒドの添加量、浸漬処理用水溶液の各成分の濃度を調節することにより、EVOH(A)とEVOH(B)との合計質量に対するクロトンアルデヒドの含有量が表1に記載の通りとなるように調製した。
上記合成例1で得られたEVOH(A)のペレット20kgを、180kgの水/メタノール=40/60(質量比)の混合溶媒中に加え、60℃で6時間攪拌し完全に溶解させた。得られた溶液に所定量のクロトンアルデヒド及びソルビン酸を添加し、さらに1時間攪拌してクロトンアルデヒドを完全に溶解させて樹脂溶液を得た。この樹脂溶液を直径4mmのノズルより、0℃に調整した水/メタノール=90/10(質量比)の凝固浴中に連続的に押出してストランド状に凝固させた。このストランドをペレタイザーに導入して多孔質の樹脂チップを得た。得られたチップを酢酸水溶液及びイオン交換水を用いて洗浄した。この洗浄液とチップとを分離して脱液した後、熱風乾燥機を用いて80℃で4時間乾燥を行い、さらに100℃で16時間乾燥を行い、クロトンアルデヒド含有EVOH(A)ペレットを得た。得られたペレットにおける各成分の含有量を上記定量方法により定量し、EVOH(A)における含有量とした。同様に上記合成例5で得られた変性EVOH(B)についても同様の方法により、クロトンアルデヒド含有EVOH(B)ペレットを得た。この際、予め上記定量方法を用いEVOH(B)のクロトンアルデヒド含有量を測定し、本方法でクロトンアルデヒドの添加量、浸漬処理用水溶液の各成分の濃度を調節することにより、EVOH(A)とEVOH(B)の合計質量に対するクロトンアルデヒドの含有量が表1に記載の通りとなるように、上記同様に樹脂組成物ペレットを調製した。
上記合成例2で得られたペレット20kgを酢酸水溶液及びイオン交換水を用いて洗浄した。この洗浄液とチップとを分離して脱液した後、熱風乾燥機を用いて80℃で4時間乾燥を行い、さらに100℃で16時間乾燥を行って、EVOH(A)ペレットを得た。同様に上記合成例4で得られたEVOH(B)についても同様の方法で処理した後、上記同様に樹脂組成物ペレットを調製した。
上記実施例1においてクロトンアルデヒドの代わりに2,4-ヘキサジエナールを用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして2,4-ヘキサジエナールを含む樹脂組成物ペレットを調製した。
上記実施例1においてクロトンアルデヒドの代わりに2,4,6-オクタトリエナールを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様して2,4,6-オクタトリエナールを含む樹脂組成物ペレットを調製した。
このようにして得られた各樹脂組成物について、以下の方法を用いて評価した。評価結果を表1に合わせて示す。
単軸押出装置(東洋精機製作所製、D2020、D(mm)=20、L/D=20、圧縮比=2.0、スクリュー:フルフライト)を用い、上記得られた各樹脂組成物ペレットから厚さ150μmの単層フィルムを作製した。成形条件を以下に示す。
押出温度:210℃
スクリュー回転数:100rpm
ダイス幅:15cm
引取りロール温度:80℃
引取りロール速度:0.9m/分
上記条件で連続運転して単層フィルムを作製し、運転開始から8時間後に作製された各フィルムについて外観を目視評価した。フローマーク抑制性は、フローマークが観測されない場合は「A(良好)」と、フローマークが小さく又は発生頻度が小さい場合は「B(やや良好)」と、フローマークが大きくかつ発生頻度が大きい場合は「C(不良)」と評価した。
上記成形において、8時間後に得られたフィルムを目視にて着色を観察し、下記基準により評価した。
「A(良好)」 :無色
「B(やや良好)」:黄変
「C(不良)」 :著しく黄変
上記得られたフィルムを東洋精機製パンタグラフ式二軸延伸装置にて80℃で30秒間予熱後、延伸倍率3×3倍で同時二軸延伸を行い、延伸フィルムを得た。加熱延伸性は、得られた延伸フィルムを目視で観察し、下記基準により評価した。
「A(良好)」 :クラックが全く発生しなかった
「B(やや良好)」:局所的にクラックが発生した
「C(不良)」 :全体的にクラックが発生した
[実施例16]
下記に示す4種7層共押出キャスト製膜設備を使用し、上記得られた樹脂組成物を用いて共押出製膜試験を実施した。
押出機(1):一軸、スクリュー直径65mm、L/D=22、外層ポリオレフィン用
押出機(2):一軸、スクリュー直径40mm、L/D=26、ポリオレフィン用
押出機(3):一軸、スクリュー直径40mm、L/D=22、接着性樹脂用
押出機(4):一軸、スクリュー直径40mm、L/D=26、上記樹脂組成物用
押出機(1)、押出機(2)にポリプロピレン(以下、PP、PP’と略称することがある)を、押出機(3)に無水マレイン酸変性ポリプロピレン系の接着性樹脂(ADMER QF-500(商品名)、三井化学製)を、押出機(4)に実施例3で得た樹脂組成物(a)をそれぞれフィードして共押出製膜を行った。押出温度は、押出機(1)を200℃~250℃、押出機(2)を200℃~250℃、押出機(3)を160℃~250℃、押出機(4)を170℃~250℃、フィードブロックおよびダイは250℃に設定した。製膜した多層シートの構成および各層厚みは、PP/PP’/接着性樹脂/(a)/接着性樹脂/PP’/PP=30/15/2.5/5/2.5/15/30μmのトータル厚み100μmの4種7層の対象構成とした。
上記実施例16で用いた樹脂組成物を比較例1で得た樹脂組成物に置き換えた以外は実施例16と同様に共押出製膜試験を行い、製膜開始から10時間後のシートをサンプリングし、外観を観察したところ、EVOHの凝集による外観不良および流動異常によるフローマークが多数観察される多層シートが得られた。
[実施例17]
以下の押出成形の条件で、実施例3で得られた樹脂組成物、ポリオレフィン(a)、ポリオレフィン(a’)、カルボン酸変性ポリオレフィン(b)を別々の押出機に仕込み(a)/(a’)/(b)/樹脂組成物/(b)/(a’)/(a)(各層厚み:200μm/225μm/25μm/100μm/25μm/225μm/200μm)の構成を有する全層厚み1,000μmの4種7層の多層シートを共押出シート成形装置により得た。
各押出機の押出条件
ポリオレフィン(a)の押出機:一軸、スクリュー直径65mm、L/D=22、温度200℃~240℃
実施例3で得られた樹脂組成物の押出機:一軸、スクリュー直径40mm、L/D=26、温度170℃~210℃
カルボン酸変性ポリオレフィン(b)の押出機:一軸、スクリュー直径40mm、L/D=26、温度160℃~220℃
ポリオレフィン(a’)の押出機:一軸、スクリュー直径40mm、L/D=22、温度160℃~210℃
共押出シート成形装置の成形条件
フィードブロック型ダイ(巾600mm)、温度240℃
実施例14で得られた多層シートを熱成形機(浅野製作所製)にて、温度を150℃にして、カップ形状(金型形状70φ×70mm、絞り比S=1.0)に熱成形した。(熱成形条件:圧縮空気圧力:5kg/cm2(0.5MPa)、プラグ:45φ×65mm、シンタックスフォーム、プラグ温度:150℃、金型温度:70℃)。得られたカップ容器は、外観性に優れ、フローマークが抑制されていた。また、以下に示す方法で、カップ容器を切断してその断面を観察したところ、樹脂組成物層の連続性を認めた。
得られる各容器について、以下の方法を用いて評価した。評価結果を表2に示す。
上記得られたカップ容器を切断し、切断面を顕微鏡で観察し、本発明の樹脂組成物からなる層の連続性を評価した。樹脂組成物層の連続性が保持されている場合を「A(良好)」と、樹脂組成物層の連続性が失われている場合を「B(不良)」とした。
酸素透過度は、酸素透過量測定装置(モダンコントロール社製「MOCON OX-TRAN2/20」)を用いて測定した。具体的には、測定装置にカップ容器をセットし、温度20℃、湿度65%RH(ASTM D3985)にて測定した。酸素バリア性は、0.8mL/(m2・day・atm)未満の場合は「A(良好)」と、0.8mL/(m2・day・atm)以上の場合は「B(不良)」とした。
実施例1で得られたEVOH(A)ペレットのみを用い、実施例16と同様にして樹脂組成物ペレットを多層シートとし、実施例18と同様にして、この多層シートをカップ容器とした。このカップ容器を切断しその断面を観察したところ、容器のコーナー部分で樹脂組成物層の連続性が失われていた。また容器の酸素透過度は、実施例18に比べて顕著に上昇した。
実施例1で得られたEVOH(B)ペレットのみを用い、実施例16と同様にして樹脂組成物ペレットを多層シートとし、実施例18と同様にして、この多層シートをカップ容器とした。このカップ容器を切断しその断面を観察したところ、容器のコーナー部分で樹脂組成物層の連続性が失われていた。また容器の酸素透過度は、実施例18に比べて顕著に上昇した。
比較例1で得られたEVOH(A)ペレットのみを用い、実施例16と同様にして樹脂組成物ペレットを多層シートとし、実施例18と同様にして、この多層シートをカップ容器とした。このカップ容器を切断しその断面を観察したところ、容器のコーナー部分で樹脂組成物層の連続性が失われていた。また容器の酸素透過度は、実施例18に比べて顕著に上昇した。
比較例1で得られたEVOH(B)ペレットのみを用い、実施例16と同様にして樹脂組成物ペレットを多層シートとし、実施例18と同様にして、この多層シートをカップ容器とした。このカップ容器を切断しその断面を観察したところ、容器のコーナー部分で樹脂組成物層の連続性が失われていた。また容器の酸素透過度は、実施例18に比べて顕著に上昇した。
実施例3で得られたクロトンアルデヒド含有EVOH(A)ペレット50質量%と、クロトンアルデヒド含有EVOH(B)ペレット50質量%とを混合し、ドライブレンド後、二軸押出機(東洋精機製作所製、2D25W、25mmφ,ダイ温度220℃,スクリュー回転数100rpm)を用い、窒素雰囲気下で押出しペレット化を行い樹脂組成物ペレットを得た。実施例16と同様にして、樹脂組成物ペレットを多層シートとし、さらに実施例18と同様にして、カップ容器とした。このカップ容器を切断し、その断面を観察したところ、樹脂組成物層の連続性は認められたが、実施例18に比べてカップ容器の酸素バリア性は顕著に低下した。
比較例1で得られたEVOH(A)ペレット50質量%と、EVOH(B)ペレット50質量%とを混合し、ドライブレンド後、二軸押出機(東洋精機製作所製、2D25W、25mmφ,ダイ温度220℃,スクリュー回転数100rpm)を用い、窒素雰囲気下で押出しペレット化を行い樹脂組成物ペレットを得た。実施例16と同様にして、樹脂組成物ペレットを多層シートとし、さらに実施例18と同様にして、カップ容器とした。このカップ容器を切断し、その断面を観察したところ、樹脂組成物層の連続性は認められたが、実施例18に比べてカップ容器の酸素バリア性は顕著に低下した。
Claims (9)
- エチレン含有量が20モル%以上50モル%以下のエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(A)、エチレン含有量が30モル%以上60モル%以下のエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(B)及び不飽和アルデヒド(C)を含有し、
上記エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(B)のエチレン含有量からエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(A)のエチレン含有量を減じた値が8モル%以上であり、
上記エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(A)のエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(B)に対する質量比(A/B)が60/40以上95/5以下であり、
上記不飽和アルデヒド(C)の樹脂分に対する含有量が0.01ppm以上100ppm未満である樹脂組成物。 - 上記エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(A)の融点と上記エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(B)の融点との差が15℃以上である請求項1に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 上記不飽和アルデヒド(C)が不飽和脂肪族アルデヒドである請求項1、請求項2又は請求項3に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 上記不飽和脂肪族アルデヒドが、クロトンアルデヒド、2,4-ヘキサジエナール及び2,4,6-オクタトリエナールからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項4に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物から形成されるバリア層と、
このバリア層の少なくとも一方の面に積層される熱可塑性樹脂層と
を備える多層シート。 - 上記バリア層と熱可塑性樹脂層とが共押出成形法により積層される請求項6に記載の多層シート。
- 請求項6又は請求項7に記載の多層シートを加熱延伸成形法により成形してなる包装材。
- 請求項6又は請求項7に記載の多層シートを真空圧空成形法により成形してなる容器。
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CN104350103A (zh) | 2015-02-11 |
TW201406847A (zh) | 2014-02-16 |
US20150152256A1 (en) | 2015-06-04 |
EP2862897A4 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
EP2862897B1 (en) | 2016-12-28 |
EP2862897A1 (en) | 2015-04-22 |
TWI586744B (zh) | 2017-06-11 |
ES2613945T3 (es) | 2017-05-29 |
JP6148669B2 (ja) | 2017-06-14 |
US9862818B2 (en) | 2018-01-09 |
MY182234A (en) | 2021-01-18 |
JPWO2013187455A1 (ja) | 2016-02-08 |
CN104350103B (zh) | 2016-06-15 |
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