JP7251145B2 - エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物、溶融成形用材料および多層構造体、ならびに多層パイプ - Google Patents
エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物、溶融成形用材料および多層構造体、ならびに多層パイプ Download PDFInfo
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- JP7251145B2 JP7251145B2 JP2018562132A JP2018562132A JP7251145B2 JP 7251145 B2 JP7251145 B2 JP 7251145B2 JP 2018562132 A JP2018562132 A JP 2018562132A JP 2018562132 A JP2018562132 A JP 2018562132A JP 7251145 B2 JP7251145 B2 JP 7251145B2
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Classifications
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- B29B9/12—Making granules characterised by structure or composition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B25/08—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/14—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising synthetic rubber copolymers
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Description
本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物は、EVOH(A)、酸化防止剤(B)およびソルビン酸エステル(C)を含有する。また、本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物は、EVOH(A)を主成分とするものである。すなわち、EVOH樹脂組成物におけるEVOH(A)含有量は、通常70重量%以上であり、好ましくは80重量%以上であり、より好ましくは90重量%以上である。以下、本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物の各成分について順に説明する。
本発明で用いるEVOH(A)は、通常、エチレンとビニルエステル系モノマーとを共重合させた後にケン化させることにより得られる樹脂であり、一般的にエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体やエチレン-ビニルエステル系共重合体ケン化物と称される非水溶性の熱可塑性樹脂である。重合法も公知の任意の重合法、例えば、溶液重合、懸濁重合、エマルジョン重合を用いることができるが、一般的にはメタノールを溶媒とする溶液重合が用いられる。得られたエチレン-ビニルエステル系共重合体のケン化も公知の方法で行い得る。
すなわち、本発明で用いるEVOH(A)は、エチレン構造単位とビニルアルコール構造単位を主とし、通常、ケン化されずに残存した若干量のビニルエステル構造単位を含むものである。
上記コモノマーとしては、例えば、プロピレン、1-ブテン、イソブテン等のオレフィン類や、2-プロペン-1-オール、3-ブテン-1-オール、4-ペンテン-1-オール、5-ヘキセン-1-オール、3,4-ジヒドロキシ-1-ブテン、5-ヘキセン-1,2-ジオール等の水酸基含有α-オレフィン類や、そのエステル化物である、3,4-ジアシロキシ-1-ブテン、3,4-ジアセトキシ-1-ブテン、2,3-ジアセトキシ-1-アリルオキシプロパン、2-アセトキシ-1-アリルオキシ-3-ヒドロキシプロパン、3-アセトキシ-1-アリルオキシ-2-ヒドロキシプロパン、グリセリンモノビニルエーテル、グリセリンモノイソプロペニルエーテル等、水酸基含有α-オレフィン類のアシル化物等の誘導体;1,3-ヒドロキシ-2-メチレンプロパン、1,5-ヒドロキシ-3-メチレンペンタン等のヒドロキシメチルビニリデン類;これらのエステル化物である1,3-ジアセトキシ-2-メチレンプロパン、1,3-ジプロピオニルオキシ-2-メチレンプロパン、1,3-ジブチロニルオキシ-2-メチレンプロパン等のビニリデンジアセテート類;アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、クロトン酸、(無水)フタル酸、(無水)マレイン酸、(無水)イタコン酸等の不飽和酸類あるいはその塩あるいは炭素数1~18のモノまたはジアルキルエステル類、アクリルアミド、炭素数1~18のN-アルキルアクリルアミド、N,N-ジメチルアクリルアミド、2-アクリルアミドプロパンスルホン酸あるいはその塩、アクリルアミドプロピルジメチルアミンあるいはその酸塩あるいはその4級塩等のアクリルアミド類、メタアクリルアミド、炭素数1~18のN-アルキルメタクリルアミド、N,N-ジメチルメタクリルアミド、2-メタクリルアミドプロパンスルホン酸あるいはその塩、メタクリルアミドプロピルジメチルアミンあるいはその酸塩あるいはその4級塩等のメタクリルアミド類、N-ビニルピロリドン、N-ビニルホルムアミド、N-ビニルアセトアミド等のN-ビニルアミド類、アクリルニトリル、メタクリルニトリル等のシアン化ビニル類、炭素数1~18のアルキルビニルエーテル、ヒドロキシアルキルビニルエーテル、アルコキシアルキルビニルエーテル等のビニルエーテル類、塩化ビニル、塩化ビニリデン、フッ化ビニル、フッ化ビニリデン、臭化ビニル等のハロゲン化ビニル化合物類、トリメトキシビニルシラン等のビニルシラン類、酢酸アリル、塩化アリル等のハロゲン化アリル化合物類、アリルアルコール、ジメトキシアリルアルコール等のアリルアルコール類、トリメチル-(3-アクリルアミド-3-ジメチルプロピル)-アンモニウムクロリド、アクリルアミド-2-メチルプロパンスルホン酸等のコモノマーがあげられる。これらは単独でもしくは2種以上併せて用いることができる。
上記酸化防止剤(B)は、EVOH(A)が劣化して発生するラジカルを捕捉する作用を有する化合物であればよく、各種樹脂用酸化防止剤を使用することができる。例えば、ヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤、フォスファイト系酸化防止剤、チオエーテル系酸化防止剤、ヒンダードアミン系酸化防止剤、ベンゾトリアゾール系酸化防止剤、ベンゾフェノン系酸化防止剤等があげられる。なかでも、耐劣化性の効果に特に優れる点でヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤、ヒンダードアミン系酸化防止剤が好ましい。
なお、上記酸化防止剤(B)として、構造、組成、分子量等の異なる酸化防止剤(B)を2種類以上併せて用いる場合は、その総重量(総含有量)が上記の範囲にあればよい。
本発明は、EVOH樹脂組成物において、酸化防止剤(B)および特定微量のソルビン酸エステル(C)を配合し、かつ酸化防止剤(B)とソルビン酸エステル(C)との重量配合比率を特定範囲とすることにより、着色を抑制するという顕著な効果を奏するものである。
このように、常にラジカルを捕捉可能なソルビン酸が生成することから、EVOH樹脂組成物において、ラジカルの発生した早い段階でラジカルを捕捉することが可能となり、優れた着色抑制効果が得られるものと推測される。さらに本発明においては、酸化防止剤(B)と特定微量のソルビン酸エステル(C)とを併用し、かつ酸化防止剤(B)とソルビン酸エステル(C)との重量配合比率を特定の範囲とすることにより、上記のサイクルが効率よく働くために、顕著な着色抑制効果が得られるものと推測される。
本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物には、EVOH(A)以外に、さらに樹脂成分として、他の熱可塑性樹脂を、EVOH樹脂組成物に対して、通常30重量%以下、好ましくは10重量%以下となるような範囲内で含有してもよい。
本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物には、上記各成分の他、必要に応じて、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲内(例えば、EVOH樹脂組成物全体の10重量%以下の含有割合)において、エチレングリコール、グリセリン、ヘキサンジオール等の脂肪族多価アルコール等の可塑剤;高級脂肪酸(例えばラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、ベヘニン酸、オレイン酸等)、高級脂肪酸の金属塩(例えばステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウム等)、高級脂肪酸エステル(高級脂肪酸のメチルエステル、イソプロピルエステル、ブチルエステル、オクチルエステル等)、高級脂肪族アミド(例えばステアリン酸アミド等、オレイン酸アミド等)、ビス高級脂肪酸アミド(例えばエチレンビスステアリン酸アミド等)、低分子量ポリオレフィン(例えば、分子量500~10000程度の低分子量ポリエチレン、または低分子量ポリプロピレン)等の滑剤;乾燥剤;酸素吸収剤;無機フィラー;熱安定剤;光安定剤;難燃剤;架橋剤;硬化剤;発泡剤;結晶核剤;防曇剤;生分解用添加剤;シランカップリング剤;アンチブロッキング剤;着色剤;帯電防止剤;紫外線吸収剤;抗菌剤;不溶性無機複塩(例えば、ハイドロタルサイト等);界面活性剤;ワックス等の公知の添加剤を適宜配合することができる。これらは単独でもしくは2種以上併せて用いることができる。
これらのうち、特に、酢酸、ホウ酸およびその塩を含むホウ素化合物、酢酸塩、リン酸塩を配合することが好ましい。
本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物は、前記必須成分であるEVOH(A)、酸化防止剤(B)およびソルビン酸エステル(C)と必要に応じて配合される上記の各任意成分を用いて製造されるが、製造方法としては、例えば、ドライブレンド法、溶融混合法、溶液混合法、含浸法等の公知の方法があげられ、これらを任意に組み合わせることも可能である。
室温(25℃)下において、EVOH樹脂組成物を試料とし、乾燥前重量(W1)を電子天秤にて秤量する。その後、この試料を150℃の熱風乾燥機中で5時間乾燥させる。乾燥後、デシケーター中で30分間放冷してEVOH樹脂組成物の温度を室温に戻した後の重量(W2)を秤量し、下記式より算出する。
含水率(重量%)=[(W1-W2)/W1]×100
本発明の多層構造体は、上記本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物からなる層を備えるものである。本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物からなる層(以下、「EVOH樹脂組成物層」と称する。)は、本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物以外の熱可塑性樹脂を主成分とする他の基材(以下、「基材樹脂」と称する。)と積層することで、さらに強度を付与したり、EVOH樹脂組成物層を水分等の影響から保護したり、他の機能を付与することができる。
本発明の多層パイプは、上記本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物からなる層を備える多層構造からなるパイプである。本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物からなる層は、本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物以外の樹脂を主成分とする他の樹脂組成物からなる層と積層することで、さらに強度を付与したり、EVOH樹脂組成物層を水分等の影響から保護したり、他の機能を付与することができる。
本発明の多層パイプは、例えば、架橋ポリオレフィン等の熱可塑性樹脂からなる単層パイプの外周面上に本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物と接着性樹脂を共押出コーティングすることにより製造することができる。上記単層パイプの外周面上に本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物と接着性樹脂の共押出コーティングを行う際には、単に単層パイプの外周面上に本発明のEVOH樹脂組成物と接着性樹脂の溶融したフィルムをコートしてもよいが、上記単層パイプとコート層の間の接着力が不充分となる場合があり、長期間の使用中にコート層が剥離してガスバリア性を失う可能性がある。このようなことから、共押出コーティングを行う前に、予め単層パイプの外周表面をフレーム処理およびコロナ放電処理の少なくとも一方にて表面処理することが好ましい。
なお、例中「部」、「%」とあるのは、断りのない限り重量基準を意味する。
・EVOH(A):エチレン構造単位の含有量29モル%、ケン化度100モル%、MFR3.2g/10分(210℃、荷重2160g)のエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体
上記EVOH(A)ペレット100部、酸化防止剤(B)としてペンタエリスリトールテトラキス〔3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート〕(BASF社製「IRGANOX 1010」、分子量1178)0.3部(EVOH樹脂組成物の重量当たり3000ppm)、ソルビン酸エステル(C)としてソルビン酸メチル(富士フイルム和光純薬社製、分子量126)0.0000005部(EVOH樹脂組成物の重量当たり0.005ppm)をプラストグラフ(ブラベンダー社製)にて、230℃で5分間予熱したのち、230℃、50rpmにおいて5分間溶融混練し、その後冷却固化させ、塊状のEVOH樹脂組成物を得た。得られたEVOH樹脂組成物を、粉砕機(ソメタニ産業社製、型式:SKR16-240)を用い、回転刃の回転数650rpmにて粉砕して粉砕物を得た。かかる粉砕物は、1mm角から5mm角の小片であった。かかる樹脂組成物の含水率は、0.16%であった。
実施例1において、ソルビン酸メチルの配合量を0.0001部(EVOH樹脂組成物の重量当たり1ppm)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして実施例2のEVOH樹脂組成物およびその粉砕物を得た。かかる樹脂組成物の含水率は、0.24%であった。
実施例1において、ソルビン酸メチルをソルビン酸エチル(富士フイルム和光純薬社製、分子量140)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして実施例3のEVOH樹脂組成物およびその粉砕物を得た。かかる樹脂組成物の含水率は、0.21%であった。
実施例1において、酸化防止剤(B)の配合量を0.03部(EVOH樹脂組成物の重量当たり300ppm)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして実施例4のEVOH樹脂組成物およびその粉砕物を得た。かかる樹脂組成物の含水率は、0.18%であった。
実施例1において、酸化防止剤(B)の配合量を0.003部(EVOH樹脂組成物の重量当たり30ppm)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして実施例5のEVOH樹脂組成物およびその粉砕物を得た。かかる樹脂組成物の含水率は、0.20%であった。
実施例4において、酸化防止剤(B)をN,N'-ヘキサン-1,6-ジイルビス〔3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオナミド〕(BASF社製「IRGANOX 1098」、分子量637)に変更した以外は、実施例4と同様にして実施例6のEVOH樹脂組成物およびその粉砕物を得た。かかる樹脂組成物の含水率は、0.16%であった。
実施例1において、酸化防止剤(B)をビス(2,2,6,6-テトラメチル-4-ピペリジル)セバケート(BASF社製「TINUVIN 770」、分子量481)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして実施例7のEVOH樹脂組成物およびその粉砕物をえた。かかる樹脂組成物の含水率は、0.20%であった。
実施例7において、酸化防止剤(B)の配合量を0.03部(EVOH樹脂組成物の重量当たり300ppm)に変更した以外は、実施例7と同様にして実施例8のEVOH樹脂組成物およびその粉砕物を得た。かかる樹脂組成物の含水率は、0.17%であった。
実施例1において、ソルビン酸メチルを配合しなかった以外は実施例1と同様にして比較例1のEVOH樹脂組成物およびその粉砕物を得た。かかる樹脂組成物の含水率は、0.20%であった。
実施例1において、ソルビン酸メチルの配合量を0.0015部(EVOH樹脂組成物の重量当たり15ppm)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして比較例2のEVOH樹脂組成物およびその粉砕物を得た。かかる樹脂組成物の含水率は、0.14%であった。
実施例1において、酸化防止剤(B)およびソルビン酸エステル(C)を配合せず、EVOH(A)のみを用いた以外は実施例1と同様に溶融混練し、粉砕して、比較例3の粉砕物を得た。かかるEVOH(A)の含水率は、0.11%であった。
上記の各粉砕物をサンプルとし、ビジュアルアナライザー IRIS VA400(Alpha mos社製)にて、色番号「4077」(R:248、G:232、B:216)に対する色番号「3530」(R:216、G:200、B:168)が占める割合(「3530)/「4077」)を評価した。色番号「3530」は、濃い黄色味を有する色であり、色番号「4077」は、薄い黄色味を有する色であり、この割合が大きいほど、サンプルが黄色く着色していることを意味する。
上記の各粉砕物をサンプルとし、ビジュアルアナライザー IRIS VA400(Alpha mos社製)にて、色番号「4077」(R:248、G:232、B:216)および「4078」(R:248、G:232、B:232)の総和に対する色番号色番号「3530」(R:216、G:200、B:168)および「3531」(R:216、G:200、B:184)が占める割合(「3530+3531」/「4077+4078」)、を評価した。色番号「3530」および「3531」は、濃い黄色味を有する色であり、色番号「4077」および「4078」は、薄い黄色味を有する色である。濃い黄色味の割合が大きいほど、サンプルが黄色く着色していることを意味する。
Claims (7)
- エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体(A)、酸化防止剤(B)およびソルビン酸エステル(C)を含有するエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物であって、上記ソルビン酸エステル(C)がソルビン酸アルキルエステルであり、上記ソルビン酸エステル(C)の含有量が、上記エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物の重量当たり0.00001~10ppmであり、ソルビン酸エステル(C)に対する酸化防止剤(B)の重量含有比率が、酸化防止剤(B)/ソルビン酸エステル(C)=500~1000000であることを特徴とするエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物。
- 上記ソルビン酸エステル(C)が、アルコキシ基の炭素数が1~5のソルビン酸アルキルエステルであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の樹脂組成物。
- 上記ソルビン酸エステル(C)が、ソルビン酸メチルおよびソルビン酸エチルの少なくとも一方であることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の樹脂組成物。
- 上記酸化防止剤(B)の含有量が、エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物の重量当たり1~30000ppmであることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物からなることを特徴とする溶融成形用材料。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物からなる層を備えることを特徴とする多層構造体。
- 請求項6記載の多層構造体からなることを特徴とする多層パイプ。
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