US2761417A - Multiple coating apparatus - Google Patents

Multiple coating apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US2761417A
US2761417A US489861A US48986155A US2761417A US 2761417 A US2761417 A US 2761417A US 489861 A US489861 A US 489861A US 48986155 A US48986155 A US 48986155A US 2761417 A US2761417 A US 2761417A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
web
coating
layers
layer
discharge slot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US489861A
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English (en)
Inventor
Theodore A Russell
Richard M Wilson
Carleton R Sanford
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Kodak Co
Original Assignee
Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to CA557258A priority Critical patent/CA557258A/en
Priority to CA554506A priority patent/CA554506A/en
Priority to IT557307D priority patent/IT557307A/it
Priority to BE545464D priority patent/BE545464A/xx
Priority to CA557259A priority patent/CA557259A/en
Priority to CA557260A priority patent/CA557260A/en
Priority to US489861A priority patent/US2761417A/en
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
Priority to US489863A priority patent/US2761791A/en
Priority to US489969A priority patent/US2761419A/en
Priority to US489862A priority patent/US2761418A/en
Priority to DEE11998A priority patent/DE1211488B/de
Priority to DEE11996A priority patent/DE1208998B/de
Priority to DEE11995A priority patent/DE1151173B/de
Priority to DEE11997A priority patent/DE1216686B/de
Priority to GB26305/59A priority patent/GB834527A/en
Priority to GB26306/59A priority patent/GB834528A/en
Priority to FR1148817D priority patent/FR1148817A/fr
Priority to GB5590/56A priority patent/GB834525A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2761417A publication Critical patent/US2761417A/en
Priority to US769881A priority patent/US2975754A/en
Priority to DEE18311A priority patent/DE1177931B/de
Priority to FR808185A priority patent/FR1238160A/fr
Priority to GB36130/59A priority patent/GB901686A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/34—Applying different liquids or other fluent materials simultaneously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/007—Slide-hopper coaters, i.e. apparatus in which the liquid or other fluent material flows freely on an inclined surface before contacting the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B05C5/0254—Coating heads with slot-shaped outlet
    • B05C5/0258—Coating heads with slot-shaped outlet flow controlled, e.g. by a valve
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
    • B05C9/06—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying two different liquids or other fluent materials, or the same liquid or other fluent material twice, to the same side of the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/255—Flow control means, e.g. valves
    • B29C48/2556—Flow control means, e.g. valves provided in or in the proximity of dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/307—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets specially adapted for bringing together components, e.g. melts within the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/31—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911—Cooling
    • B29C48/9135—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means
    • B29C48/914—Cooling drums
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B11/00—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing
    • D06B11/0056—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing of fabrics
    • D06B11/0069—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing of fabrics by continuous contact with a member able to bring simultaneously a plurality of treating materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
    • D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
    • D21H23/46—Pouring or allowing the fluid to flow in a continuous stream on to the surface, the entire stream being carried away by the paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H5/00—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for
    • D21H5/0005—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to finished paper or board, e.g. impregnating, coating
    • D21H5/0042—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to finished paper or board, e.g. impregnating, coating by pouring or allowing to flow in a continuous stream onto the surface, the entire stream being carried away by the paper
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new coating apparatus for applying multiple coatings to the surface of a moving Web, and particularly to a coating apparatus useful in carrying out the method of multiple coating a web described in U. S. application Serial No. 489,863, filed on even date herewith.
  • the primary object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus by means of which this method of multiple coating a web can be carried out.
  • a further object is to provide a multiple hopper which forms each of several fluid coating compositions into individual layers and then brings them into surface contact prior to the time they are fed to a point of deposition where they are picked up on the surface of a moving web while the distinct layer relationship is maintained.
  • Another object is to provide a multiple feed hopper which is a combination of slide and extrusion types of hoppers wherein the separate coating compositions are individually formed into layers by both the slide technique and by extrusion, and after forming, the layers are combined in stratified relationship prior to the time they are applied to the surface of the web.
  • a multiple feed hopper which comprises one or more extrusion type hoppers each adapted to form a separate coating composition into a layer, and one or more slide type hoppers each adapted to form a separate coating composition into a layer, said hoppers being combined and so arranged that the individual layers formed by each are combined with the others in stratified relationship without mixing prior to the time they are applied to the surface of a Web whereby all of said layers can be applied to the web surface simultaneously.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic showing of a coating apparatus including a multiple feed hopper constructed in accordance with the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a side view, partly in section, showing a dual 2,761,417 Patented Sept. 4, 1956 feed hopper constructed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention and in operating association with a web to be coated thereby;
  • Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but showing another embodiment of the hopper adapted to feed three separate coating compositions to the coating point, two by extrusion and one by gravity; and
  • Fig. 4 is a vertical section of another embodiment of multiple feed hopper which is adapted to feed four separate coating compositions to the coating point, two by extrusion and two by gravity.
  • the present invention relates to a particular type of apparatus adapted for carrying out this new method of multiple coating.
  • this apparatus includes a multiple feed hopper which, in this instance, is the combination of one or more extrusion hoppers with one or more slide hoppers so arranged that the separate coating compositions are first formed into individual layers and are then combined into stratified layer relationship prior to, or at, the time the combined layers are fed to a coating bead.
  • the web in moving across and in contact with this bead of coating, simultaneously picks up the combined layers of coating compositions on its surface and the layers of the separate coating compositions maintain their distinct layer relationship even after deposition on the web surface and up until the time they are completely dried.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown an ap paratus constructed according to one embodiment of the present invention which was successfully used to apply two separate coatings to a support in the manufacture of photographic film. It comprises an extrusion type hopper, indicated generally at 10, combined with a slide type hopper, indicated generally at 11, in such a way that the layers L and L1 of separate coating composition formed by each are combined in surface relationship prior to, or at the time, .said layers enter a bead of coating 17 maintained between the discharge lips of the hopper and the surface ofaweb W continuously moved across and in contact with the head by a backing roll 13 which also serves to hold the web rigid and smooth at this point.
  • the extrusion hopper comprises a cavityinto which a fluid coating composition S is continuously supplied at a known rate through an inlet14 by a metering pump P of the constant discharge type. From the cavity 15 the coating composition is forced through an elongated narrow slot 16 which forms the composition into a layer L and directs it into the coating bead 17' maintained between the discharge lips of the hopperandthe web spaced therefrom and across which bead the web W is moved to pickup alayer of'coating therefrom.
  • This bead technique of coating is well known in the coating art and is characterized by the formation of a puddle or bead" between the lips of the coating hopper and surface to be coated which tends to pileup or'puddle on that side of the coating device from which the web leaves.
  • This pile up or head extends completely across the width of the web being coated and is generally referred to in the art as a coating head or a head of coating.
  • Fig. 2 we have shown the form of bead believed to exist with the present multiple slide hopper, as well as the paths taken by the individual layers of coating composition in passing therethrough. However, it is pointed out that this is merely a speculation since it has proven practically impossible to actually see what occurs within the bead. technique the coaing is not in fact deposited directly ontothe web surface by the hopper, but that the hopper merely maintains thecoating bead and the web is coated therefrom.
  • the actual thickness of the coating-laydown on a web moved thereacross will be determined by the action of the bead and will vary with the speed of web movement, the rate of supply of the coating compositions, etc. and will not necessarily be equal to the thickness of the ribbon of coating composition fed to the slide surface or the thickness of the layer formed in flowing down the slide surface.
  • the slide hopper comprises a cavity 18 into Whichanother fluid coating composition 8' is continuously fed at a known rate through inlet 19 by a metering-pump P. From this cavity coating composition S is fed through an elongated substantially horizontal slot 20 in the form of a ribbon and out onto a downwardly inclined slide surface 21 down which it flows by gravity to form the layer L1.
  • the slide surface 21 intersects the upper wall of the discharge slot 16 of the extrusion hopper at an acute angle so that the layer L1, as it leaves the slide surface, is combined in surface relationship with the layer L as it emerges from the extrusion slot 16 at the time, or just prior to the time, the two layers enter the coating bead 17.
  • the thickness of the layers when deposited on the web may, and usually will, be different from the thickness of the same layers when they move into the bead, due to the bead action, the layers of coating after application to the web have been designated'by the same reference characters as the respective layers formed by moving down the slide surface or-be'ing extruded from slot 16 with theexception that the de posited-layers have been designated by a prime to" It can be seen that with this bead coating- 4 indicate that the thickness ofthe layers after deposition might be difierent than dun'ng the initial formation.
  • the complete hopper could be made from a single block of metal or other material, in order to facilitate the fabrication of this device and to make it possible to clean it out when it is desired to change from one coating composition to another, it would be more practical to make the device up from a'number of separate pieces which can be assembled and disassembled.
  • this hopper composed of three separate blocks 23, 25"and'26 which can be held in assembled relation by any suitable means not shown.
  • the coating compositions used must be heated or cooled in order to keep them in a suitable fluid condition during passage through the hopper, the hopper, or the blocks making up the same, may be provided with interconnected conduits 31 and 32 through which a fluid heating or cooling-mediumcan be circulated.
  • conduits 31 which are formed at the joint of two blocks, a gasket 33 may be inserted to obtain thenecessary liquid-tight joint.
  • the hopper 10 may be provided with any suitable form of adjustable mount so that the position of the lower end of the slide surface relative to the web being coated may be adjusted for the best results.
  • the hopper 10 may be carried by a frame 32' provided with bearings 33 rotatably mounted on the axle of the roll 13 to swing concentrically of the roll so that the position of the hopper as a whole may be shifted around the roll periphery, see Fig. 1. It is adapted to be locked in any adjusted position by clamping screw 34 engaging an arcuate slot 35 in the support 36.
  • the hopper may be pivoted to the frame 32 for critical adjustment around the periphery of the roll, and may be slidably mounted on the frame for adjustment toward and from the roll'periphery by any suitable means not shown.
  • the coatings applied may be of the type which are'set by cooling prior to drying-in order to limit the amount of relative flow between the layers themselves or between the bottom layer andthe support.
  • the web W after being coated can be passed through a chill box 37 and then through 'a drying chamber 38. If the coatings applied are of the type which do not require chillingbefore drying', then chill box 37 can be omitted or by-passed.
  • the Web may be pulled from the drying chamber 38 by a feed or guide roller 39.
  • Fig. 3 there is shown a triple feed hopperconstructed in accordance with the present invention by means of which three separate coatings have been simultaneously applied to the surface of a web. Structurally this hopper is practically identical with the dual feed hopper shown in Fig. 2, but difiers therefrom in that two extrusion hoppers are used in combination with a single slide hopper.
  • This hopper comprises three cavities 50, 51 and 52 into whichseparate coating compositions 53, 54 and 55 are respectively.punip'ed'through inlets 56, 57 and 58,' respectively, by separate metering pumps P.'
  • the coating composition 53 is extruded through an elongated narrow ing composition 54 is extruded through an elongated narrow slot 41 where it is formed into a layer 42.
  • the discharge slots 59 and 41 meet at an acute angle so that layers and 42 being extruded therethrough are brought into surface contact at the time they issue from their respective slots and are thus combined in layer relationship prior to the time they enter the coating bead 17' maintained between the discharge lips of the hopper and the surface of web W to be coated.
  • the coating composition 55 is forced through a substantially horizontal elongated narrow slot 44 in the form of a narrow ribbon and out onto downwardly inclined slide surface 45 down which it flows by gravity and is formed into a smooth, uniformly thick layer 46.
  • the slide surface 45 intersects the extrusion slot 42 at an acute angle at substantially the point where layers 40 and 42 come together so that the layer 46, as it moves off of the slide surface, is combined in surface relationship with layers 40 and 42 and the three layers move into the bead in this combination without mixing.
  • the web picks up the three layers 40, 42 and 46 of separate coating compositions and which are laid down on the surface of the web as distinct layers 49', 42' and 46.
  • these layers after deposition on the web, are primed because they may differ from the layers 40, 42 and 46 entering the bead so far as thickness is concerned due to the action of the bead, as pointed out above.
  • the temperature of the coating compositions while moving through the hopper may be controlled by flowing a fluid heating or cooling medium, as the need arises, through conduits 31' running through the hopper.
  • the upper and lower layers 46 and 40 act in the same way as the two layers of the Fig. 2 hopper.
  • the middle layer 42 is believed to pass through the bead in a practically undeformed manner because it does not directly engage either the slide surface of the hopper or the surface of the web W so as to be affected by capillary attraction.
  • a hopper constructed in accordance with another embodiment of our invention and by means of which four layers of separate coating com positions may be simultaneously applied in distinct layer relationship to the surface of a web.
  • This hopper comprises the combination of two slide type hoppers with two extrusion type hoppers.
  • This hopper 64 includes four cavities 65, 66, 67 and 68 into which four separate fluid coating compositions may be continuously supplied at a known rate through inlets 69, 70, 71 and 72, respectively, e. g. by separate metering pumps P.
  • the combined extrusion hoppers are structurally the same as those disclosed in U. S. patent application Serial No. 489,862, filed on even date herewith in the name of Russell.
  • the two cavities 67 and 68 are separated by an adjustable partition 73 spaced from the top wall 74 so as to form a slot through which the coating composition entering cavity 67 may be forced to form it into a layer 75.
  • the coating composition entering cavity 68 is directed into extrusion slot 76 along with layer 75 and is thereby formed into a layer 77 between one surface of layer 75 and the bottom wall of the extrusion slot 76.
  • the two layers 75 and 77 pass through the extrusion slot 76 in combined surface relationship and are extruded in this combined relation into a bead 17 maintained between the surface of a web W and the discharge lip of the hopper. As before, the web is backed up and continuously moved across and in contact with the coating bead by means of a roll 13.
  • the fluid coating composition supplied into cavity 66 is forced through a narrow slot out onto a downwardly inclined slide surface 79 in the form of a ribbon.
  • This ribbon of coating composition flows down the slide surface under the force of gravity and is thereby formed into a smooth and uniformly thick layer 89.
  • This slide surface 79 merges with the upper wall of the discharge slot 76 of the extrusion hoppers at an acute angle so that layer 86 in leaving the end of the slide surface 79 is combined, in surface relation, with layers and 77 leaving discharge slot 76 just prior to, or at the time, said layers enter the bead of coating 17".
  • the fluid coating composition supplied into cavity 65 is forced through an elongated narrow slot 82 in the form of a ribbon and out onto a downwardly inclined slide surface 83 which is parallel to, and disposed above, slide surface 79.
  • the ribbon of coating composition is formed into a smooth uniformly thick layer 84 by the time it reaches slide surface '79.
  • This layer then flows onto the top of the ribbon of coating composition forced out onto slide surface 79 and the two move down slide surface 79 together and into the head 17'.
  • the four layers 75, 77, 8t] and 84 of the separate coating compositions are combined in surface relation just prior to, or at the time, the same enter the head of coating. These four layers are then simultaneously picked up on the surface of the web in the proper orientation and with no apparent mixing or contamination between the layers.
  • the layers after application to the web will possibly differ from the layers fed into the coating head 17" only in thickness and velocity, be-
  • the thickness of the combined layers of coating being equal to, or an appreciable fraction of a part of, the thickness of the web to which they are applied, as is indicated by the drawings and particularly those embodiments including three or more coat-- ings, actually the thickness of the combined coatings would be only a small fractional part of the over-all thickness of the web.
  • the web in this instance might be a cellulose acetate support having a thickness of .003.008 inch.
  • Each of the three color sensitive emulsion coatings might vary between a dry thickness of .0001.001 inch whereas the protective layer or layers separating the different emulsion layers might be as thin as one micron.
  • the disclosed coating apparatus is particularly adapted to coating such thin layers, and it will be seen that even with four of the thickest layers applied to the web the combined thickness of the four coatings will be less than 4 the thickness of the web per se.
  • Reynolds showed that the critical velocity depended on the diameter of the pipe, the velocity of the fluidsp-assing through the pipe, its density, and its viscosity, and that if these four factors were combined in one Way, and one way only, a function known as the Reynolds number would be obtained giving the critical velocity for the flow of a fluid through a pipe.
  • the element of time might be the critical factor since the time elaps'ing between the deposition of the layers on the web and the time the coating is dried is relatively short and perhaps'less than the time required for the coatings, or the materials dispersed therein, to diltuse into one another.
  • a multilayer hopper comprising a plurality of cavities, one for each coating composition, a pair of separated lips defining an elongated discharge slot directed toward but spaced from said web It is not based onthe fact thatguiding surface by an amountslightly greater thanth'e thickness of the Web to be coated; means for continuously extruding a separate'layer of' coating composition from certain of said cavities and through said discharge slot directly toward said web guiding surface and including a separate elongated duct connecting each of said cavities with said discharge slot whereby said layers are combined in strata relationship upon discharge from said discharge slot and are s iultaneously applied to the web in such combined relationship, and means for continuously form ing a layer of the other coating composition with the aid of gravity flow and combining them in strata
  • the combination with a web guiding surface over which a web'to be coated is adapted to be continuously moved while being held in a smooth condition, of a multilayer hopper comprising a pair of separated lips defining a discharge slot between them, said lips spaced from and immediately adjacent the surface of the web to be coated and separated from one another in the general direction of movement of said web, two separate cavities, one for each coating composition, means for continuously extruding a layer of one coating composition dire'ctly toward the web to be coated and including a duct joining one of said cavities and said discharge slot, means for continuously forming a layeriofthe other coating composition with the aid of gravity flow and combining it with the extruded layer in surface relationship prior to application of the combined layers to the web, and comprising a downwardly inclined slide surface which forms a part of the uppermost of said two lips and intersects said discharge slot at an acute angle, and a duct cou
  • a coating apparatus characterized by the inclusion of means for applyin a third layer of fluid coating composition along with said two layers mentioned, said means comprising a third cavity, a layer forming duct connecting said cavity with said discharge slot and being directed into said slot at an acute angle to said other duct, and means for continuously feeding a third coating composition into said third cavity and through said duct connecting it with the discharge slot, whereby said third layer is combined in strata relationship with said first-mentioned layers at the time it leaves said discharge slot.
  • a multilayer hopper for feeding a plurality of fluid coating compositions in Stratified layer relationship to a coating point where they are adapted to be simultaneously applied to the surface of a web moving relative to said coating point and comprising a hopper provided with a plurality of separate cavities, one for each coating cornposition, a pair of lips separated to define an elongated discharge slot, a separate elongated layer forming duct connecting certain of said cavities with said discharge slot and said ducts relatively arranged so that the layers of coating composition issuing therefrom are combined in strata relation as they issue from said discharge slot; a downwardly inclined slide surface forming an exterior surface of one of said lips and intersecting the discharge positions into their respective cavities at a given rate comslot at an acute angle, whereby a layer of coating solution mensurate with the thickness desired in the different layers flowing down said surface unier the action of gravity is after coating.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
US489861A 1955-02-23 1955-02-23 Multiple coating apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2761417A (en)

Priority Applications (22)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA557258A CA557258A (en) 1955-02-23 Multilayer hopper for feeding a plurality of coating compositions
CA554506A CA554506A (en) 1955-02-23 Simultaneous deposition of a plurality of fluid coating materials
IT557307D IT557307A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1955-02-23
BE545464D BE545464A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1955-02-23
CA557259A CA557259A (en) 1955-02-23 Multiple layer hopper for multiply coating a web
CA557260A CA557260A (en) 1955-02-23 Multiple feed hopper for feeding a plurality of coating compositions
US489863A US2761791A (en) 1955-02-23 1955-02-23 Method of multiple coating
US489969A US2761419A (en) 1955-02-23 1955-02-23 Multiple coating apparatus
US489862A US2761418A (en) 1955-02-23 1955-02-23 Multiple coating apparatus
US489861A US2761417A (en) 1955-02-23 1955-02-23 Multiple coating apparatus
DEE11998A DE1211488B (de) 1955-02-23 1956-02-22 Vorrichtung zum gleichzeitigen Auftragen mehrerer Schichten
DEE11995A DE1151173B (de) 1955-02-23 1956-02-22 Verfahren zum Beschichten eines Schicht-traegers fuer einen photographischen Film
DEE11997A DE1216686B (de) 1955-02-23 1956-02-22 Vorrichtung zum gleichzeitigen Auftragen mehrerer Schichten
DEE11996A DE1208998B (de) 1955-02-23 1956-02-22 Vorrichtung zum gleichzeitigen Auftragen mehrerer Schichten
GB26306/59A GB834528A (en) 1955-02-23 1956-02-23 Improvements in or relating to web coating apparatus
FR1148817D FR1148817A (fr) 1955-02-23 1956-02-23 Procédé et machine pour l'application simultanée de plusieurs couches sur un support et produit obtenu
GB26305/59A GB834527A (en) 1955-02-23 1956-02-23 Improvements in or relating to web coating apparatus
GB5590/56A GB834525A (en) 1955-02-23 1956-02-23 Improved methods of making flexible material having a plurality of superposed layers
US769881A US2975754A (en) 1955-02-23 1958-10-27 Multiple coating apparatus
DEE18311A DE1177931B (de) 1955-02-23 1959-09-30 Vorrichtung zum gleichzeitigen Auftragen mehrerer Schichten
FR808185A FR1238160A (fr) 1955-02-23 1959-10-22 Machine pour l'application simlutanée de plusieurs couches sur un support en bande continue
GB36130/59A GB901686A (en) 1955-02-23 1959-10-26 Improvements in or relating to web coating apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US489862A US2761418A (en) 1955-02-23 1955-02-23 Multiple coating apparatus
US489861A US2761417A (en) 1955-02-23 1955-02-23 Multiple coating apparatus
US489863A US2761791A (en) 1955-02-23 1955-02-23 Method of multiple coating
US489969A US2761419A (en) 1955-02-23 1955-02-23 Multiple coating apparatus
US769881A US2975754A (en) 1955-02-23 1958-10-27 Multiple coating apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2761417A true US2761417A (en) 1956-09-04

Family

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Family Applications (5)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US489861A Expired - Lifetime US2761417A (en) 1955-02-23 1955-02-23 Multiple coating apparatus
US489969A Expired - Lifetime US2761419A (en) 1955-02-23 1955-02-23 Multiple coating apparatus
US489862A Expired - Lifetime US2761418A (en) 1955-02-23 1955-02-23 Multiple coating apparatus
US489863A Expired - Lifetime US2761791A (en) 1955-02-23 1955-02-23 Method of multiple coating
US769881A Expired - Lifetime US2975754A (en) 1955-02-23 1958-10-27 Multiple coating apparatus

Family Applications After (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US489969A Expired - Lifetime US2761419A (en) 1955-02-23 1955-02-23 Multiple coating apparatus
US489862A Expired - Lifetime US2761418A (en) 1955-02-23 1955-02-23 Multiple coating apparatus
US489863A Expired - Lifetime US2761791A (en) 1955-02-23 1955-02-23 Method of multiple coating
US769881A Expired - Lifetime US2975754A (en) 1955-02-23 1958-10-27 Multiple coating apparatus

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (5) US2761417A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE545464A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (4) CA557259A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (5) DE1216686B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (2) FR1148817A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (4) GB834525A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT557307A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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Publication number Publication date
US2975754A (en) 1961-03-21
DE1177931B (de) 1964-09-10
CA557260A (en) 1958-05-13
CA557258A (en) 1958-05-13
DE1208998B (de) 1966-01-13
FR1148817A (fr) 1957-12-16
CA554506A (en) 1958-03-18
US2761418A (en) 1956-09-04
GB834528A (en) 1960-05-11
BE545464A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1900-01-01
CA557259A (en) 1958-05-13
DE1151173B (de) 1963-07-04
FR1238160A (fr) 1960-08-05
IT557307A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1900-01-01
DE1211488B (de) 1966-02-24
US2761419A (en) 1956-09-04
GB834525A (en) 1960-05-11
US2761791A (en) 1956-09-04
GB834527A (en) 1960-05-11
GB901686A (en) 1962-07-25
DE1216686B (de) 1966-05-12

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