TW201638704A - 顯示器模組及系統應用 - Google Patents
顯示器模組及系統應用 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201638704A TW201638704A TW105123472A TW105123472A TW201638704A TW 201638704 A TW201638704 A TW 201638704A TW 105123472 A TW105123472 A TW 105123472A TW 105123472 A TW105123472 A TW 105123472A TW 201638704 A TW201638704 A TW 201638704A
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- display module
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Abstract
本發明描述一種顯示器模組及包含一顯示器模組之系統應用。該顯示器模組可包含一顯示器基板,其包含一前表面、一後表面及該前表面上之一顯示區域。複數個互連件自該前表面延伸穿過該顯示器基板至該後表面。一陣列之發光二極體(LED)係位於該顯示區域中且與該複數個互連件電連接,且一或多個驅動器電路係位於該顯示器基板之該後表面上。例示性系統應用包含可穿戴、可捲動及可折疊顯示器。
Description
本發明係關於顯示器模組。更特定言之,本發明之實施例係關於顯示器模組封裝及其系統應用。
發光二極體(LED)日益被視為現有光源之一替代技術。例如,LED發現於招牌、交通信號、汽車尾燈、行動電子顯示器及電視中。一些特定行動電子器件係智慧型電子裝置,諸如智慧型手機、智慧型錶,等等(其等比一功能性手機或錶包含更先進的運算能力)。對於具有較高解析度及較大觸控螢幕之較薄、較輕重量及較低成本之電子裝置之需求增加。有機發光二極體(OLED)顯示器及液晶顯示器(LCD)係在當前智慧型電子裝置中被最廣泛採納之兩種顯示器技術。
OLED技術一般包含一像素區域中之一有機化合物之一層及用以開啟或關斷各個別像素之一薄膜電晶體(TFT)底板。一OLED顯示器無需一背光而運行且可顯示深度黑階。該有機化合物層係對空氣及水分敏感,此可導致顯示器之降級。通常以一剛性玻璃蓋囊封OLED顯示器以使該有機化合物免於空氣及水分。
LCD技術通常包含填充有液晶之像素及用以開啟或關斷各個別像素之一薄膜電晶體(TFT)底板。由於液晶本身並不產生光,所以其等需要來自顯示器面板之後面或側面之背光照明。
用於封裝基於OLED或LCD之顯示器模組之兩種廣泛採納之方式
包含玻璃覆晶(chip-on-glass(COG))封裝及薄膜覆晶封裝(chip-on-film(COF))。圖1A至圖1B係一經COG封裝之顯示器模組之例示性示意橫截面側視圖及示意正視圖圖解。如圖所繪示,顯示器模組100包含藉由一可撓性印刷電路(FPC)108連接至一印刷電路板(PCB)106之一顯示器面板115。顯示器面板115包含:一顯示器基板102,其由OLED或LCD顯示技術形成;一或多個驅動器IC 110,其等安裝於該顯示器基板102上;及一罩蓋114,其位於該顯示器基板上方。一密封環113可包括該顯示器基板之顯示區域101以附接罩蓋114及密封該顯示區域101免於空氣及水分。在智慧型電子裝置中,顯示器基板102可額外地包含顯示區域101內之一觸控螢幕。替代地,一觸控螢幕可形成於顯示器基板102上方。就LCD顯示技術而言,一背光105係位於顯示器基板後方。
用於操作顯示器模組100之額外裝置及IC晶片104係遠離PCB 106上之顯示器基板102而定位。例如,IC晶片104可包含一電源管理IC、處理器、時序控制器、觸控感測IC、無線控制器、通信IC,等等。如圖所繪示,PCB 106經由FPC 108連接至顯示器模組102,其中FPC 108之接觸區域107接合至顯示器基板102及PCB 106之表面。參考圖1A至圖1B兩者,保留於一或多個驅動器IC 110及接觸區域107之顯示器基板上之區域係稱為一接觸突出部分111。PCB 106可自顯示器基板102橫向延伸,或替代地如圖所繪示般包覆於顯示器基板後方。如圖1A至圖1B中所展示,FPC 108之一橫向延伸長度109可與顯示器模組之FPC 108之一橫向延伸長度109,即使在PCB 106係包覆於顯示器基板102後方之情況下。一電池112亦可位於具有PCB 106之顯示器基板之後方。
COF封裝係類似於COG封裝,其中一主要不同在於:一或多個IC 110係自顯示器基板102移動至FPC 108上。在此等應用中,接觸突出部分可比COG封裝需要較少空間。
本發明描述顯示器模組封裝及其系統應用。在一實施例中,一顯示器模組包含一顯示器基板,其具有一前表面、一後表面及該前表面上之一顯示區域。複數個互連件自該前表面延伸穿過該顯示器基板至該後表面,及一陣列之發光二極體(LED)位於該顯示區域中且與該複數個互連件電連接。一或多個驅動器電路係位於該顯示器基板之該前表面或該後表面上。在一實施例中,複數個互連件自該前表面延伸穿過該顯示器基板至緊挨該顯示區域後面之該後表面,且該一或多個驅動器電路係位於該顯示器基板之該後表面上。在一實施例中,一可撓性印刷電路並未將該一或多個驅動器電路連接至該顯示器基板。
該複數個互連件可為自該前表面延伸穿過該顯示器基板至該後表面之貫穿孔。該等互連件可用於各種應用,例如一接地貫穿孔。各種裝置可位於該顯示器基板之該等前或後表面上。例如,一電池可位於該顯示器基板之一後表面上。在一實施例中,一陣列之微晶片係位於該顯示器基板之該前表面上及該顯示區域內。該陣列之微晶片可與該複數個互連件及該陣列之LED電連接。在一些實施例中,該陣列之微晶片重疊該複數個互連件。在其他實施例中,該陣列之微晶片並未重疊該複數個互連件。在一實施例中,該陣列之微晶片包含一陣列之周圍光感測器。一均勻分佈之周圍光感測器可位於該陣列之微晶片中。
根據本發明之實施例,該顯示器模組可併入至一穿戴式電子裝置(例如,一智慧型錶)中。在此一實施例中,該顯示器基板之該顯示區域橫跨該智慧型錶之一錶面及錶帶。在另一實施例中,該顯示器基板經緊固至一捲軸。在此一實施例中,該捲軸可包含與該複數個互連件電接觸之一或多個驅動器電路。在一應用中,該顯示器模組可併入至一電視中。
在一實施例中,一種非暫時性電腦可讀媒體儲存指令,該等指令在由一處理器執行時引起該處理器執行操作以調整一穿戴式電子裝置之一顯示區域之顯示資料,該等操作包含自一控制裝置接收輸入,其中該輸入包含該穿戴式電子裝置之該顯示區域之資料。該輸入經剖析以導出用於顯示之資料,及該經導出之資料係位於該顯示區域上,其中該顯示區域係位於橫跨該穿戴式電子裝置之一面及帶之一可撓性顯示器基板上。例如該穿戴式電子裝置可為一智慧型錶。在一實施例中,該非揮發性電腦可讀媒體儲存額外指令以執行額外操作,該等操作包含:接收錶面及錶帶之該顯示區域之一組態;自該經導出之資料接收一設計,該設計包含一錶面及一錶帶;及以所接收之設計更新該顯示區域。
在一實施例中,用於一穿戴式電子裝置之一顯示器模組包含橫跨該穿戴式電子裝置之一面及一帶之一可撓性顯示器基板。一配件管理器耦合至該顯示器基板以自通信地耦合至該顯示器模組之一控制裝置接收輸入。該顯示器模組額外地包含用於控制該顯示器基板上所顯示之資訊之一圖形使用者介面(GUI)管理器,其中該顯示器基板包含與該穿戴式電子裝置之一面相關聯之一第一顯示區域及與該穿戴式電子裝置之一帶相關聯之一第二顯示區域。在一實施例中,該GUI管理器進一步提供一錶面設計至該第一顯示區域及提供一錶帶設計至該第二顯示區域。在一實施例中,該配件管理器進一步經由一通信模組自一控制裝置接收輸入資料,該輸入資料包含該GUI管理器之組態資料。
100‧‧‧顯示器模組
101‧‧‧顯示區域
102‧‧‧顯示器基板
104‧‧‧IC晶片
105‧‧‧背光
106‧‧‧PCB(印刷電路板)
107‧‧‧接觸區域
108‧‧‧FPC(可撓性印刷電路)
109‧‧‧橫向延伸長度
110‧‧‧驅動器IC
111‧‧‧接觸突出部分
112‧‧‧電池
113‧‧‧密封環
114‧‧‧罩蓋
115‧‧‧顯示器面板
200‧‧‧顯示器模組
201‧‧‧顯示區域
202‧‧‧顯示器基板
203‧‧‧前表面/頂表面
204‧‧‧互連件/互連件特徵部/貫穿孔
205‧‧‧後表面
206‧‧‧互連件/互連件特徵部/貫穿孔
207A‧‧‧連線
207B‧‧‧貫穿孔
208‧‧‧再分佈層
210‧‧‧表框
210A‧‧‧佈線/佈線層
210B‧‧‧佈線/佈線層
212‧‧‧佈線層
214‧‧‧LED裝置
215‧‧‧顯示器面板
216‧‧‧微晶片
216A‧‧‧微晶片/區域
216B‧‧‧微晶片/區域
218‧‧‧鈍化層
220‧‧‧頂部接觸層
222‧‧‧囊封層
230‧‧‧驅動器IC
234‧‧‧額外IC晶片/IC晶片
238‧‧‧薄膜電池/電池
300‧‧‧顯示器模組
301‧‧‧顯示區域
302‧‧‧顯示器基板
303‧‧‧前表面
304‧‧‧貫穿孔
305‧‧‧後表面
308‧‧‧RDL
310‧‧‧佈線
311‧‧‧接觸突出部分/接觸突出部分區域
314‧‧‧有機LED
315‧‧‧OLED顯示器面板/可撓性顯示器面板/顯示器面板
316‧‧‧TFT工作電路/工作電路
330‧‧‧驅動器IC/貫穿孔
334‧‧‧IC晶片/額外IC晶片
400‧‧‧穿戴式電子裝置
402‧‧‧錶面
404‧‧‧錶帶
406‧‧‧扣鉤
410‧‧‧表框
1300‧‧‧模組/顯示器模組/穿戴式顯示器模組
1302‧‧‧處理器
1303‧‧‧記憶體
1304‧‧‧可撓性顯示器面板
1306‧‧‧圖形使用者介面(GUI)管理器
1308‧‧‧通信模組
1310‧‧‧配件管理器
1400‧‧‧系統
1410‧‧‧捲軸
1420‧‧‧外殼
1430‧‧‧驅動器IC
1434‧‧‧額外IC晶片
1438‧‧‧薄膜電池/電池
1500‧‧‧可撓性顯示器面板/顯示器面板
1700‧‧‧顯示器系統/電子裝置/系統圖
1705‧‧‧周圍光校正模組
1708‧‧‧周邊介面
1710‧‧‧顯示器面板/顯示裝置/顯示螢幕/可撓性顯示器面板
1712‧‧‧通信模組
1718‧‧‧額外I/O組件
1720‧‧‧處理器
1722‧‧‧輸入/輸出(I/O)控制器
1731‧‧‧音訊模組
1732‧‧‧麥克風
1734‧‧‧揚聲器
1770‧‧‧感測器控制器
1780‧‧‧電源模組
1790‧‧‧額外埠/外埠
圖1A係一COG封裝之顯示器模組之一示意橫截面側視圖圖解。
圖1B係一COG封裝之顯示器模組之一示意正視圖圖解。
圖2A係根據本發明之一實施例之包含複數個互連件之一顯示器
基板之一示意橫截面側視圖圖解。
圖2B係根據本發明之一實施例之包含複數個貫穿孔之一顯示器基板之一示意橫截面側視圖圖解。
圖3係根據本發明之一實施例之一顯示器基板之一示意橫截面側視圖圖解,該顯示器基板包含在該顯示器基板之一前表面上之一顯示區域中之一陣列之LED及微晶片。
圖4係根據本發明之一實施例之一顯示器模組之一示意橫截面側視圖圖解,該顯示器模組包含顯示器基板之後表面上緊挨顯示區域後方之一或多個驅動器電路。
圖5A係根據本發明之一實施例之一顯示器基板之一示意正視圖圖解,該顯示器基板包含一顯示區域中之一陣列之LED及微晶片以及緊挨該顯示區域下方之複數個貫穿孔,其中該陣列之微晶片重疊該複數個貫穿孔。
圖5B係根據本發明之一實施例之一顯示器基板之一示意後視圖圖解,該顯示器基板包含該顯示器基板之後表面上之一或多個驅動器電路及緊挨該顯示區域後方之複數個貫穿孔。
圖5C係根據本發明之一實施例之一顯示器基板之一示意前視圖圖解,該顯示器基板包含一顯示區域中之一陣列之LED及微晶片以及緊挨該顯示區域下方之複數個貫穿孔,其中該陣列之微晶片並未重疊該複數個貫穿孔。
圖5D係根據本發明之一實施例之一顯示器基板之一示意前視圖圖解,該顯示器基板包含一顯示區域中之一陣列之LED及微晶片以及在該顯示區域外側之複數個貫穿孔。
圖6A係根據本發明之一實施例之包含一或多個貫穿孔之TFT顯示器基板之一示意橫截面側視圖圖解。
圖6B係根據本發明之一實施例之一TFT顯示器基板及顯示器模組
之一示意橫截面側視圖圖解,該TFT顯示器基板及顯示器模組包含一顯示區域中之一陣列之LED及該顯示區域之外側之一或多個貫穿孔。
圖7A至圖7B係根據本發明之實施例之一TFT基板及顯示器模組之一示意正視圖圖解,該TFT基板及顯示器模組包含與顯示區域之外側之一或多個貫穿孔接觸之一或多個驅動器電路。
圖8係根據本發明之一實施例之包含一陣列之LED及複數個貫穿孔之一TFT顯示器基板及顯示器模組之一示意正視圖圖解。
圖9係根據本發明之一實施例之包含一顯示器面板之一穿戴式電子裝置之一示意正視圖圖解。
圖10至圖12係根據本發明之實施例之顯示各種顯示影像之一穿戴式電子裝置之透視圖圖解。
圖13係根據本發明之一實施例之具有一顯示器面板之一穿戴式電子裝置之一系統圖。
圖14係根據本發明之一實施例之包含緊固至一捲軸之一可撓性顯示器面板之一系統之示意橫截面側視圖圖解。
圖15係根據本發明之一實施例之在顯示器基板之一前表面上之一顯示區域中包含一陣列之LED及微晶片之一可撓性顯示器面板之示意橫截面側視圖圖解。
圖16係根據本發明之一實施例之包含經曝露於不同位準之周圍光之微晶片之兩個區域之一可撓性顯示器面板之示意橫截面側視圖圖解。
圖17係根據本發明之一實施例之包含可撓性顯示器面板之一顯示器系統之一系統圖。
本發明之實施例描述顯示器模組封裝組態及其系統應用。在一實施例中,一顯示器模組包含一顯示器面板,其包含具有一前表面、
一後表面及該前表面上之一顯示區域之一顯示器基板。複數個互連件自該前表面延伸穿過該顯示器基板至該後表面,且與該顯示器基板之該前表面上之一陣列之LED電連接。例如,各互連件可為一單個貫穿孔,或一系列互連線及穿過多個層之貫穿孔。一或多個驅動器電路位於顯示器基板之前表面或後表面上且與複數個互連件電連接。在一實施例中,一或多個驅動器電路係位於顯示器基板之後表面上。在一實施例中,一或多個驅動器電路位於緊挨顯示器基板之前表面上之顯示區域後方之顯示器基板之後表面上。
在各種實施例中,參考圖式進行描述。然而,可在沒有一或多個此等特定細節或與其他已知方法及組態組合之情況下實踐某些實施例。在以下描述中,闡述數個特定細節(諸如特定組態、尺寸及程序,等等)以提供對本發明之一透徹理解。在其他例項中,未以特定細節描述已知之半導體程序及製造技術以避免不必要地模糊本發明。在整個此說明書中,對「一實施例」之參考意指結合該實施例所描述之一特定特徵、結構或特性被包括在本發明之至少一實施例中。因此,在整個此說明書中各處出現片語「在一實施例中」並不一定指代本發明之同一實施例。此外,可依任何合適之方式將特定特徵、結構或特性組合在一個或多項實施例中。
本文中所使用之術語「橫跨」、「在...上方」、「至」、「介於...之間」及「在...上」可指代一層相對於其他層之一相對位置。一層「橫跨」、在另一層「上方」或「上」或結合「至」另一層或與另一層「接觸」可為直接與另一層接觸或可具有一或多個中間層。一層「介於層之間」可為直接與該等層接觸或可具有一或多個中間層。
在一態樣中,本發明之實施例能夠以相較於COG及COF顯示器模組封裝組態在x-y及z方向上之一減小之外觀尺寸製作顯示器面板及顯示器模組。在一實施例中,x-y及z外觀尺寸相較於COG及COF顯示器
模組封裝組態係減小的,此係藉由將一或多個驅動器電路連接至自前表面延伸穿過顯示器模組至後表面之互連件(例如,貫穿孔)而非使用一FPC來實現。此外,歸因於組件之間較短之互連件,根據本發明之實施例之封裝方法可改良系統性能。
在一實施例中,相較於COG及COF顯示器模組封裝組態,藉由移除或減少原本為顯示器基板之顯示區域側上之一或多個驅動器IC 110 FPC與顯示器基板之接觸區域及/或當橫向於顯示器基板102而定位或包覆顯示器基板且在顯示器基板下方時與FPC相關聯之橫向延伸長度保留之接觸突出部分,而減少x-y外觀尺寸(例如,長度-寬度)。根據本發明之實施例,x-y外觀尺寸之此一減少亦可容許顯示區域在顯示器基板上之一增加的分配。例如,COG封裝可需要至少4至5毫米之一接觸突出部分以分配驅動器IC及FPC接觸區域。根據本發明之實施例,無需為驅動器IC及一FPC分配空間。依此方式,圍繞顯示器區域之一斜面寬度可減少至1毫米以下,例如少於0.5毫米。
在一實施例中,藉由移除FPC及PCB,z外觀尺寸(例如,厚度)相較於COG及COF顯示器模組封裝組態係減少的。根據本發明之實施例,複數個互連件(例如,貫穿孔)自前表面延伸穿過顯示器基板至後表面以連接驅動器IC及任何額外IC晶片,包含一電源管理IC、處理器、時序控制器、觸控感測IC、無線控制器、通信IC等等。依此方式,用於操作顯示器面板及模組之晶片及電路可位於顯示器基板之後表面上,從而消除一PCB之厚度。在許多實施例中,驅動器IC及額外IC晶片係緊挨顯示區域後方而定位。
在一些實施例中,顯示器面板包含顯示區域中基於LED之複數個半導體。此一組態可實現原本使用廣泛採納之LCD或OLED顯示器技術成問題之互連件或貫穿孔之使用。例如,貫穿孔及IC在顯示器基板之後表面上之放置對於包含顯示區域中之液晶且需要使用背光之習知
LCD技術可尤其成問題。貫穿孔對於現有OLED顯示器技術亦可尤其成問題,其中貫穿孔可能導致空氣或水分曝露。但應瞭解本發明之一些實施例可與OLED顯示器技術相容
在另一態樣中,本發明之實施例描述將可撓性顯示面板之組態封裝成可併入至各種應用中之可撓性顯示器模組。在一應用中,本發明之實施例描述包含一可撓性顯示器面板及可撓性顯示器模組之一穿戴式電子裝置,諸如一智慧型錶。依此方式,智慧型錶之顯示區域並不受限於一剛性錶面區域。在一實施例中,一智慧型錶包含整合成一可撓性錶帶之一可撓性顯示器面板。因此,可調整錶面區域及錶帶兩者中可撓性顯示器面板之曲率以符合使用者之手腕大小。此外,無需包含附接至顯示器基板之顯示區域側之一FPC。依此方式,可撓性顯示器面板之顯示區域可覆蓋智慧型錶之錶面區域及錶帶上之更多可用空間。
穿戴式電子裝置可包含一非暫時性電腦可讀媒體,其包含用於自一控制裝置接收一使用者輸入之電腦程式碼及調整用於該穿戴式電子裝置之顯示區域之顯示資料。例如,在一應用中,使用者可選擇待顯示於橫跨智慧型錶之一錶面及錶帶之智慧型錶之顯示器面板上之一特定錶設計。在自一控制裝置(諸如一電腦或可攜式電子裝置(諸如一智慧型手機))接收使用者輸入之後,調整用於穿戴式電子裝置之顯示區域之顯示資料。
在另一應用中,可撓性顯示器面板係可捲。例如,顯示器面板可併入至可捲動或可折疊進出一外殼之一電視顯示器中。在一實施例中,可撓性電視顯示器面板耦合至一捲軸,該顯示器面板係可捲動或可折疊至該捲軸上。在一實施例中,驅動器IC及/或任何額外IC晶片(包含一電源管理IC、處理器、時序控制器、觸控感測IC、無線控制器、通信IC,等等)可經再定位至捲軸且與在可撓性電視顯示器面板
之後表面上具有一再分佈層之可撓性電視顯示器面板電連接。替代地,該等驅動器IC及任何額外IC晶片可位於顯示器面板之後表面上。在另一應用中,可撓性顯示器面板係可折疊。例如,該顯示器面板可併入至一智慧型手機或平板電腦中且被折疊成各種組態。
圖2A係根據本發明之一實施例之包含複數個互連件之一顯示器基板之一示意橫截面側視圖圖解。如圖所繪示,顯示器基板202可包含一前表面203、一後表面205及該前表面上之一顯示區域201。複數個互連件204、206自前表面203延伸穿過顯示器基板至緊挨顯示區域201後方之後表面205。如圖所繪示,各互連件204、206可為一系列互連線207A及透過一多層顯示器基板202之多個層之貫穿孔207B。參考圖2B,各互連件204、206可為穿過顯示器基板202(其可為一單層或多層顯示器基板202)形成之一單個貫穿孔。為簡潔性,以下描述及圖式係指作為貫穿孔之互連件特徵部204、206。然而應瞭解,此一組態參考一實施例,且當指代貫穿孔204、206時,該等可由包含一系列互連線及穿過一多層顯示器基板之多個層之貫穿孔代替。可使用各種技術來形成貫穿孔204、206,包含(但不限於)化學蝕刻或雷射鑽孔。
顯示器基板202可由各種材料形成,包含玻璃、非晶矽、多晶矽、單晶矽、金屬箔、覆蓋有介電質之金屬箔或一聚合物(諸如聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)(PMMA)、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(PEN)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚醚碸(PES)、含氟芳烴聚芳香酯(PAR)、多環烯烴(PCO)及聚醯亞胺(PI))。在一實施例中,顯示器基板包含一高分子矽堆疊。在一實施例中,顯示器基板202係一可撓性玻璃基板。例如,顯示器基板202可為一可撓性硼矽玻璃基板。一例示性可撓性玻璃基板係在位於Corning,New York之Corning公司之商標WILLOW(TM)玻璃下製造。
在所繪示之實施例中,一再分佈層208係形成於顯示器基板之後
表面205上。再分佈層可包含含有佈線210A、210B之一單層或複數個層。例如,佈線210A可用於與一陣列之LED電連接,該陣列之LED藉由一或多個貫穿孔204形成於顯示器基板202之頂表面203上,同時佈線210B可用於與一或多個貫穿孔206之一Vss連接。在一實施例中,一或多個貫穿孔204、206係緊挨顯示器區域201後方。一或多個貫穿孔204、206亦可位於顯示區域201之外側,諸如沿著顯示區域201之一周邊位於顯示器基板202之頂表面203上。
一佈線層212亦可位於顯示器基板202之頂表面203上,與複數個貫穿孔204電連接。佈線層212、210A、210B及貫穿孔204、206可由用於封裝應用中之任何適合導電材料形成,包含金屬膜、導電聚合物、導電氧化物,等等。現參考圖3,根據本發明之一實施例,及LED裝置214之陣列及視情況微晶片216可經轉印及接合至顯示器基板202。例如,LED裝置214之陣列及微晶片216可與複數個貫穿孔204電連接。
根據本發明之實施例,LED裝置214係基於半導體之LED裝置,包含介於兩個摻雜半導體包覆層之間之一或多個作用層(例如,量子井)之間。在所繪示之特定實施例中,LED裝置214係垂直LED裝置,其中層係水平的且該等層經垂直堆疊。頂部及底部導電接觸件係形成於垂直LED裝置上以分別與下文相對於圖4進一步詳細描述之頂部接觸層220及佈線層212進行電接觸。在另一實施例中,LED裝置214係水平LED裝置,其中至經摻雜之包覆層之接觸件兩者皆形成於一LED裝置之底表面上以與佈線層212進行電接觸。
根據本發明之實施例,微晶片216代替一習知主動矩陣顯示器之TFT層以切換及驅動一或多個LED裝置214。在一實施例中,各微晶片216與發不同色彩之光之一或多個紅色、綠色及藍色LED裝置214耦合。在此一例示性紅-綠-藍(RGB)子像素配置中,各像素包含發紅
光、綠光及藍光之三個子像素。該RGB配置係例示性且實施例並不受如此限制。例如,替代子像素配置包含紅-綠-藍-黃(RGBY)、紅-綠-藍-黃-青(RBGYC)、紅-綠-藍-白(RGBW)或其中像素具有不同數目個子像素之其他子像素方案,諸如在商標名稱為PenTile(RTM)下製造之顯示器。在以下描述中所繪示之例示性實施例中,一單個微晶片216經繪示為控制兩個像素。應瞭解,此組態同樣係例示性且實施例並不受如此限制。例如,各微晶片216可切換及驅動串聯、並聯或以兩者之一組合配置之一或多個LED裝置214,使得多個LED裝置係由相同控制信號予以驅動。根據本發明之實施例預期各種替代組態。在其他實施例中,類似於微晶片,感測器(諸如觸控感測器或光感測器)亦可位於顯示區域內之顯示器基板之前表面上。
在一態樣中,本發明之實施例描述顯示器面板及顯示器模組封裝組態,其中使用一靜電轉印頭總成將微LED裝置及/或微晶片轉印及接合至一佈線212。根據本發明之實施例,施加一吸附電壓至一靜電轉印頭以對微LED裝置或微晶片產生一夾持壓力。已觀察到:當微裝置大小經減小而低於真空夾具設備之一特定臨界尺寸(諸如近似300微米或更少,或更具體言之近似100微米或更少)時,使用真空夾具設備難以產生足夠足夠夾持壓力以揀取微裝置。此外,根據本發明之實施例,可使用靜電轉印頭來產生遠大於與真空夾具設備相關聯之1atm壓力之夾持壓力。例如,根據本發明之實施例,可使用2atm或更大或甚至20atm或更大之夾持壓力。因此,在一態樣中,本發明之實施例提供能力以將微LED裝置及微晶片轉印及整合至其中不可與電流真空夾具設備整合之應用中。在一些實施例中,術語「微」晶片、「微」LED裝置或其他「微」結構可指代某些裝置或結構之描述性大小,例如長度或寬度。在一些實施例中,「微」晶片或「微」LED裝置可為1微米至近似300微米或更少之規模,或在許多應用中可為100
微米或更少。然而,本發明之實施例不必受如此限制,實施例之某些態樣可應用於更大微裝置或結構及可能更小大小規模。
現參考圖4,繼LED 216及微晶片216之陣列之轉印及接合後,一鈍化層218可提供於LED216之間且在一頂部接觸層220之沈積之後覆蓋佈線層212。在一實施例中,頂部接觸層220可與一Vss線或Vss平面電接觸,例如,可與一或多個貫穿孔206電連接。替代地,Vss線或Vss平面可位於顯示器基板202之頂表面203上。在形成頂部接觸層220之後,一囊封層222可形成於顯示器基板上方。在一些實施例中,囊封層222可為一可撓性囊封層。
根據本發明之實施例,鈍化層218對於可見波長可為透明或半透明,以便非顯著地降級經完成系統之光擷取效率。鈍化層218可由各種材料形成,諸如(但不限於)環氧樹脂、聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)(PMMA)、苯環丁烯(BCB)、聚醯亞胺及聚酯。在一實施例中,鈍化層218係藉由圍繞LED 214噴墨而形成。
根據特定應用,頂部接觸層220可為對可見波長不透明、反射、透明或半透明。例如,在頂部發射系統中,頂部接觸層220可為透明,及對於底部發射系統,頂部導電接觸件可為反射的。例示性透明導電材料包含非晶矽、透明導電氧化物(TCO)(諸如氧化銦錫(ITO)及氧化銦鋅(IZO))、奈米碳管膜或一透明導電聚合物(諸如聚二氧乙烯噻吩(PEDOT)、聚苯胺、聚乙炔、聚吡咯及聚噻吩)。在一實施例中,頂部導電接觸層220係近似50奈米至1微米厚的ITO-銀-ITO堆疊。在一實施例中,頂部導電接觸層220包含奈米粒子,諸如銀、金、鋁、鉬、鈦、鎢、ITO及IZO。在一特定實施例中,頂部導電接觸件220係藉由噴墨而形成。其他形成方法可包含化學氣相沈積(CVD)、物理氣相沈積(PVD)、旋塗。
在其中頂部導電層220係透明之實施例中,頂部囊封層222亦可
為透明或半透明以便降級系統之光擷取效率。頂部囊封層222可由各種材料形成,諸如(但不限於)二氧化矽(SiO2)、氮化矽(SiNx)、聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)(PMMA)、苯環丁烯(BCB)、聚亞醯胺及聚酯,且可由各種方法形成,包含化學氣相沈積(CVD)、物理氣相沈積(PVD)、旋塗。
仍參考圖4,根據本發明之實施例,用於操作顯示器模組200之驅動器IC 230及額外裝置及IC晶片234係位於顯示器面板215之顯示器基板102之後表面205上。例如,IC晶片可包含一電源管理IC、處理器、記憶體、時序控制器、觸控感測IC、無線控制器、通信IC等等。如圖所繪示,驅動器IC 230及額外IC晶片234可位於緊挨顯示區域201後方之顯示器基板之後表面上。在一實施例中,一電池238亦可形成於後表面205上之RDL 208上,或替代地一薄膜電池238可形成於IC晶片230、234之陣列上。
在一實施例中,驅動器IC 230係與RDL 208中之佈線210A電連接,佈線210A係與繪示為在顯示器基板202之前表面與後表面之間延伸之貫穿孔204之互連件電連接,該等互連件係與顯示器基板202之頂表面上之佈線層212電連接,佈線層212係與LED 214及選用之微晶片216電連接。在一實施例中,佈線層212包含耦合至一或多個掃描驅動器IC 230之掃描線及耦合至一或多個資料驅動器IC 230之資料線,資料驅動器IC 230透過貫穿孔204而定位於顯示器基板202之後表面204上。LED 214各可透過一貫穿孔206或複數個貫穿孔216耦合至一共同Vss。
圖5A係根據本發明之一實施例之一顯示器基板202之一示意正視圖圖解,該顯示器基板202包含一顯示區域中之一陣列之LED 214及微晶片216及緊挨該顯示區域下方之複數個貫穿孔204、206,其中該陣列之微晶片重疊該複數個貫穿孔。如圖5A中所展示,顯示區域201
可包含顯示器基板202之整個基板或至少可用於放置LED及微晶片之最大量之表面。貫穿孔204可連接至顯示器基板202之後表面上之晶片230、240之任一者。例如,貫穿孔204可將一微晶片216連接至一資料線、掃描線、Vdd、時鐘等等。在所繪示之特定實施例中,貫穿孔204係緊挨微晶片216之陣列下方,且Vss貫穿孔206係穿過顯示區域散佈於微晶片216之間。圖5B係根據本發明之一實施例之一顯示器基板202之一示意後視圖圖解,該顯示器基板202包含該顯示器基板之後表面上之一或多個驅動器電路230及緊挨顯示區域後方之複數個貫穿孔204、206。如圖中所展示,諸多額外IC晶片234及電池238亦可緊挨該顯示區域後方而定位。
圖5C係根據本發明之一實施例之一顯示器基板之一示意正視圖圖解,該顯示器基板包含一顯示區域201中之一陣列之LED及微晶片之一交替配置及緊挨該顯示區域201下方之複數個貫穿孔,其中該陣列之微晶片216並未重疊該複數個貫穿孔204、206。例如,如圖5C中所繪示,複數個貫穿孔204、206可散佈於微晶片216之間。在圖5C中所繪示之例示性實施例中,佈線212經繪示為將複數個貫穿孔204及LED 214連接至微晶片216之陣列。
圖5D係根據本發明之一實施例之一顯示器基板之一示意正視圖圖解,該顯示器基板包含一顯示區域201中之一陣列之LED及微晶片以及在該顯示區域201外側之複數個貫穿孔。如圖5D中所展示,顯示區域201可小於顯示器基板202之前表面,及複數個貫穿孔204、106係沿著顯示區域201外側之顯示器基板202之一周邊而定位。在圖5D中所繪示之例示性實施例中,未繪示用於將複數個貫穿孔204連接至微晶片216之佈線212,從而避免模糊圖解。
現參考圖6A至圖8,根據本發明之實施例之封裝組態經應用於一現有OLED顯示器面板315以形成一顯示器模組300。在圖6A中所繪示
之實施例中,一顯示器基板302係一TFT背板,其包含工作電路316及有機LED 314。例示性TFT工作電路316可包含基於非晶矽、基於多晶矽及基於氧化銦-鎵-鋅之技術。在一實施例中,貫穿孔304可經形成穿過習知地為驅動器IC及一FPC保留之接觸突出部分區域311中之顯示器基板。現參考圖6B,類似於先前所描述及所繪示之實施例,用於操作顯示器模組300之額外裝置及IC晶片334係位於顯示器基板302之後表面305上。例如,IC晶片334可包含一電源管理IC、處理器、記憶體、時序控制器、觸控感測IC、無線控制器、通信IC,等等。如圖所繪示,額外IC晶片334可位於緊挨顯示區域301後方之顯示器基板之後表面上。在圖7A中所繪示之實施例中,一驅動器IC 330係位於顯示器基板302之前表面303上。驅動器IC 330可與貫穿孔330電連接,該貫穿孔330接著與顯示器基板302之後表面305上之RDL 308中之佈線310進行電通信。在圖7B中所繪示之實施例中,一驅動器IC 330係位於顯示器基板302之後表面305上,且與貫穿孔304進行電通信。在圖7A中所繪示之實施例中,驅動器IC 330係形成於為接觸突出部分311保留之顯示器基板302之頂表面上。在圖7B中所繪示之實施例中,驅動器IC 330係至少部分緊挨顯示區域301而定位。在任一組態中,驅動器IC 330類似於與一習知OLED顯示器般與工作電路316通信。
圖8係根據本發明之一實施例之包含一陣列之LED及複數個貫穿孔之一TFT顯示器基板及顯示器模組之一示意正視圖圖解。圖8中所繪示之特定實施例係類似於先前圖4中所繪示之實施例,其中一TFT顯示器基板包含代替微晶片216之工作電路316。在一實施例中,貫穿孔304可穿過顯示器基板緊挨顯示區域301後方而形成。
圖9係根據本發明之一實施例之包含一顯示器面板之一穿戴式電子裝置之一示意正視圖圖解。穿戴式電子裝置400可為包含一顯示器面板215、315(且特定言之一可撓性顯示器面板215、315)之諸多穿戴
式配件產品之任一者。可以上文所描述之顯示器模組之任一者形成可撓性顯示器面板215、315。在一實施例中,可撓性顯示器面板215、315並不包含一接觸突出部分111,此可容許對顯示區域201之增加之分配空間。
在一實施例中,穿戴式電子裝置係一智慧型錶,其包含一錶面402、錶帶404及扣鉤406。一可撓性顯示器面板215、315可併入至該智慧型錶中,使得其橫跨該錶面及錶帶兩者。依此方式,可撓性顯示器面板215、315可經調整至一使用者之手臂之輪廓。根據本發明之實施例,包圍顯示器面板215、315之一表框410寬度可經最小化(例如)少於4至5毫米或甚至少於1毫米、少於0.5毫米或經消除。因此,智慧型錶之表框410設計可出於美學考慮而設計而非作為一接觸突出部分之分配空間之一需要。
圖10至圖12係根據本發明之顯示各種顯示影像之一穿戴式電子裝置之透視圖。在圖10中所繪示之實施例中,穿戴式電子裝置400經繪示為具有顯示器面板215、315之一變黑之顯示區域。例如,此可指示其中顯示器面板被關閉之一狀態。圖11至圖12繪示其中顯示器面板正顯示不同影像之狀態。例如,圖11可顯示包含錶面及錶帶之一錶設計A及圖12可顯示包含一錶面及錶帶之一錶設計B。任何數目個顯示影像係可行。
圖13繪示可穿戴之顯示器模組1300之一實施例之一系統圖。例如,穿戴式顯示器模組1300可併入至圖10至圖12之可穿戴電子裝置中,且包含本文中所描述之可撓性顯示器面板之任一者。模組1300包含用於管理穿戴式電子裝置之一處理器1302及記憶體1303及可穿戴電子裝置之執行或解譯指令及命令。處理器1302可為用於控制可穿戴電子裝置之一通用處理器或一微控制器。記憶體1303可經整合於處理器1302內或經由一記憶體匯流排耦合至處理器1302。記憶體1303包含非
揮發性儲存器(諸如快閃記憶體),且可額外地包含唯讀記憶體(ROM)及揮發性隨機存取記憶體(RAM)之一形式。在一實施例中,處理器1302包含媒體解碼能力以經由一可撓性顯示器面板1304來顯示經解碼之內容。在一實施例中,模組1300包含一圖形使用者介面(GUI)管理器1306以控制經提供及顯示於可撓性顯示器面板1304上之資訊。
模組1300亦包含促進模組1300與其他電子器件之間之通信之一通信模組1308。在一實施例中,通信模組1308包含一模組以經由通用串列匯流排(USB)來提供連接性。通信模組1308可進一步包含用於藍芽或WLAN連接性之無線收發器,且可額外地包含一或多個WWAN收發器以與包含一蜂巢式資料網路之一廣域網路通信。
在一實施例中,模組1300包含一配件管理器1310,其操作以自可耦合至模組1300之一額外電子裝置鑑認及獲取資料。在一實施例中,模組1300係一主顯示裝置之一配件,且配件管理器1310促進額外電子裝置連接至模組1300。在一實施例中,模組1300可具有由配件管理器1310管理之配件裝置,配件管理器1310促進資料轉移至配件裝置及自配件裝置轉移資料。
在一實施例中,記憶體1303包含非暫時性電腦可讀媒體儲存指令,該等指令在由處理器1302執行時引起該處理器執行操作以調整模組1300之一可撓性顯示器面板1304之顯示資料。在一實施例中,該等操作包含:自一控制裝置接收輸入,該輸入包含用於可撓性顯示器面板之資料;剖析該輸入以導出用於顯示之資料;及該可撓性顯示器面板上顯示該所導出之資料。在一實施例中,該等操作進一步包含:接收錶面及錶帶之可撓性顯示器面板之一組態;自所導出之資料接收一設計(例如,包含一錶面及錶帶之錶設計之類型);及以所接收之設計更新橫跨智慧型錶之錶面及錶帶之可撓性顯示器面板。
在一實施例中,一配件管理器耦合至可撓性顯示器基板1304以
自通信地耦合至模組1300之一控制裝置接收輸入。一圖形使用者介面(GUI)管理器耦合至顯示器基板以控制顯示器基板上所顯示之資訊,其中該顯示器基板包含與穿戴式電子裝置之一面相關聯之一第一顯示區域及與該穿戴式電子裝置之一帶相關聯之一第二顯示區域。在一實施例中,GUI管理器提供一錶面設計至第一顯示區域及提供一錶帶設計至第二顯示區域。在一實施例中,配件管理器經由一通信模組自一控制裝置接收輸入資料,該輸入資料包含GUI管理器之組態資料。
圖14係根據本發明之一實施例之一系統1400之示意橫截面側視圖圖解,該系統1400包含緊固至一捲軸1410之一可撓性顯示器面板1500。圖15係根據本發明之一實施例之一可撓性顯示器面板1500之一示意橫截面側視圖圖解,該可撓性顯示器面板1500包含在顯示器基板202之一前表面203上之一顯示區域中之一陣列之LED 214及微晶片216。圖14至圖15中所繪示之顯示器面板1500可類似於先前上文所描述之顯示器面板之任一者。在圖14至圖15中所繪示之實施例中,可撓性顯示器面板1500可捲動進出一外殼1420。在此一實施例中,驅動器IC 1430、額外IC晶片1434及電池之任意組合可位於外殼1420內(諸如在捲軸1410上)而非定位於顯示器基板202之後表面205上。在其他實施例中,此等組件之任一者亦可位於顯示器基板之後表面205上。例如,一薄膜電池1438可位於後表面上,或複數個電池1438可位於後表面上。同樣地,一或多個驅動器IC 1430可位於後表面上以減少至微晶片216之傳輸線距離。
在一實施例中,微晶片216可包含周圍光感測器以量測撞擊可撓性顯示器面板1500之顯示區域之周圍光。參考圖16,根據本發明之一實施例,提供一可撓性顯示器面板1500之一示意正視圖圖解,該顯示器面板15包含曝露於不同位準之周圍光之微晶片216A、216B之兩個區域。在一實施例中,微晶片216之區域216B經曝露於比區域216A更
大量之光,例如來自一顯示器房間內之一窗戶之眩光。在此一實施例中,系統1400中之一處理器或周圍光控制器可藉由操作區域216B中之微晶片216而增加自LED 214發射之光之量,從而補償周圍光。
圖17繪示包含本文中所描述之一可撓性顯示器面板1710之一顯示器系統(例如,一電視)之一實施例之一系統圖1700,其包含關於圖14至圖16所描述之系統及顯示器面板。顯示器系統1700包含一處理器1720及用於管理系統及執行指令之記憶體1704。該記憶體包含非揮發性記憶體(諸如快閃記憶體),且可額外地包含揮發性記憶體(諸如靜態或動態隨機存取記憶體(RAM))。記憶體1704可額外地包含專用於唯讀記憶體(ROM)之一部分以儲存韌體及組態公用程序。在一實施例中,處理器1720藉由控制各微晶片216至LED裝置214之輸出而管理可撓性顯示器面板1710之周圍光校正,其中基於來自一感測器控制器1770之光感測器資料來調整光輸出。替代地,此一周圍光校正模組1705可位於顯示器面板1710內之微晶片214之各者上。
該系統亦包含一電源模組1780(例如,可撓性電池、有線或無線充電電路,等等)、一周邊介面1708及一或多個額外埠1790(例如,通用串列匯流排(USB)、HDMI、顯示器埠及/或其他)。在一實施例中,顯示器系統1700包含經組態以與一或多個額外埠1790介接之一通信模組1712。例如,通信模組1712可包含根據IEEE標準、3GPP標準或其他通信標準作用之一或多個收發器,且經組態以經由一或多個外埠1790接收或發送資料。通信模組1712可額外地包含經組態以與一廣域網路通信之一或多個WWAN收發器,該廣域網路包含一或多個蜂巢式塔或基地台以通信地將顯示器系統1700連接至額外裝置或組件。此外,通信模組1712可包含一或多個WLAN及/或WPAN收發器,其等經組態以將電子裝置1700連接至區域網路及/或個人區域網路,諸如一藍芽網路。
顯示器系統1700可進一步包含一感測器控制器1770以管理來自一或多個感測器(諸如(例如),近接感測器、周圍光感測器或紅外線收發器)之輸入。在一實施例中,顯示器面板上之微晶片216之陣列包含與感測器控制器通信之一陣列之光感測器。各微晶片216可包含一光感測器,或僅該微晶片陣列之部分包含光感測器。例如,光感測器之陣列可均勻地分佈於微晶片之陣列中。在一實施例中,系統包含一音訊模組1731,其包含用於音訊輸出之一或多個揚聲器1734及用於接收音訊之一或多個麥克風1732。在實施例中,揚聲器1734及麥克風1732可為壓電組件。電子裝置1700進一步包含一輸入/輸出(I/O)控制器1722、一顯示螢幕1710及額外I/O組件1718(例如,鍵、按鈕、光、LED、游標控制裝置、觸覺裝置及其他)。顯示裝置/螢幕1710及額外I/O組件1718可被視為形成一使用者介面(例如,顯示器系統1700之部分與呈現資訊給使用者及/或自使用者接收輸入相關聯)之部分。
在利用本發明之各種態樣時,熟習此項技術者將了解:上文實施例之組合或變動係可用於形成包含可撓性顯示器面板之可撓性顯示器面板及系統應用。儘管已使用結構特徵及/或方法行為所特有之語言描述本發明,但應了解,在隨附申請專利範圍中所定義之發明並不必限於所描述之特定特徵或行為。反而,所揭示之特定特徵及行為應被理解為對繪示本發明有用之所主張發明之尤其優美的實施方案。
201‧‧‧顯示區域
214‧‧‧LED裝置
216‧‧‧微晶片
Claims (19)
- 一種顯示器模組,其包括:一顯示器基板,其包含一前側、一後側及該前側上之一顯示區域;在該顯示區域內之一陣列之發光二極體(LED);及在該顯示區域內之一陣列之微晶片,其中每一微晶片切換及驅動一對應群組之該等LED;複數個互連件,其等自該前側延伸穿過該顯示器基板至緊挨該顯示區域後面之該後側;及在該顯示器基板之該後側上之一或多個積體電路(IC),其中該複數個互連件將該陣列之微晶片電連接至該一或多個IC晶片。
- 如請求項1之顯示器模組,其中該陣列之LED包括以半導體為基礎之垂直微LED,其等各具有1至100微米之一最大寬度。
- 如請求項2之顯示器模組,其中各微晶片具有1至300微米之一最大寬度。
- 如請求項3之顯示器模組,其中該一或多個IC片係選自由以下組成之群組:一掃描驅動晶片、一資料驅動晶片、電源管理IC晶片、處理器晶片、記憶體晶片、時序控制器晶片、觸控感測IC晶片、無線控制器晶片及通信IC晶片。
- 如請求項4之顯示器模組,其中該陣列之微晶片電連接至在該顯示器基板之該後側上之一個資料驅動器晶片及一個掃描驅動器晶片。
- 如請求項1之顯示器模組,其進一步包括穿過該顯示器基板之一或多個接地貫穿孔。
- 如請求項6之顯示器模組,其中該陣列之LED電連接至該一或多 個接地貫穿孔。
- 如請求項7之顯示器模組,其中該陣列之LED以一透明導電材料電連接至該一或多個接地貫穿孔。
- 如請求項8之顯示器模組,其中該透明導電材料係選自由一透明導電氧化物及一透明導電聚合物組成之群組。
- 如請求項1之顯示器模組,其中該陣列之LED及該陣列之微晶片由一鈍化層側向地圍繞。
- 如請求項1之顯示器模組,其中該鈍化層係由選自由以下組成之群組之一材料形成:環氧樹脂、聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)、苯環丁烯、聚醯亞胺及聚酯。
- 如請求項1之顯示器模組,其中該顯示器基板包括一可撓性玻璃基板。
- 如請求項1之顯示器模組,其中該顯示器基板包括矽。
- 如請求項1之顯示器模組,其中該陣列之LED之一部分包含周圍光感測器。
- 如請求項14之顯示器模組,其中該一或多個IC晶片包含一處理器及感測器控制器以管理周圍光校正。
- 如請求項1之顯示器模組,其中該顯示器模組併入至一穿戴式電子裝置中。
- 如請求項16之顯示器模組,其中該顯示器基板之該顯示區域橫跨一智慧型錶之一錶面。
- 如請求項1之顯示器模組,其中該顯示器基板經緊固至一捲軸。
- 如請求項1之顯示器模組,其中該顯示器模組併入至一電視中。
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