JP5696960B2 - 縦型チャネルメモリーとその製造方法および稼働方法 - Google Patents
縦型チャネルメモリーとその製造方法および稼働方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
チャネルは基板から突き出ていて、頂部表面と垂直な二側面を有する。チャネルに配置されたキャップ層は、実質的にチャネルの幅と同じである。多層構造はキャップ層とチャネルの垂直な二側面に配置されている。多層構造をまたいでいるゲートはチャネルの垂直な二側面に設置されている。第一端子と第二端子は、ゲートに対してチャネルの二側面にそれぞれ設置されている。
断面図である。
図1Aと図1Bを参照する。図1Aは、本発明の第一実施形態の縦型チャネルメモリーの平面図である。図1Bは、図1Aにおける断面線AA’に沿った断面図である。図1Bに示されているように、縦型チャネルメモリー100は、基板110a、基板100aから突き出たチャネル112とチャネル112の上にあるキャップ層140を含む。チャネル112は、上表面112aと垂直な二側面112bを有している。チャネル112は実質的にキャップ層140と同じ幅を持っている。本発明の本実施形態において、製造工程の中間生成物であるキャップ層140は二酸化ケイ素(SiO2)層と窒化ケイ素(SiN)層を含み、二酸化ケイ素層の上に窒化ケイ素層がある。適切な厚みを持ったキャップ層140は、ゲートから電子が侵入してくるのを防ぐため、デュアルチャネル縦型メモリーの形成に寄与し、チャネル112の電界を均一にし、チャネル112からリーク電流が作られるのを防ぐ。多層構造、すなわち、本発明の本実施形態における酸化物―窒化物―酸化物(ONO)層160は、チャネル112の垂直な二側面112bにあり、酸化物層161、窒化物層162,酸化物層163を含み、酸化物層161と酸化物層163が窒化物層162を挟む。ONO層160は、電荷蓄積構造としてキャップ層140の上にあり、フィン(fin)構造のチャネル112をまたいでいる。酸化物層161と酸化物層163は、二酸化ケイ素からできている。窒化物層162は電荷を取り込む層であり、本発明の本実施形態においては、窒化ケイ素からできている。さらに、窒化物層162は、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)もしくは高誘電率を持つ物質からも作ることが可能である。ONO層160は、縦型チャネルメモリー100がデータのプログラミングや消去の機能を持つことを可能にする電荷蓄積構造である。ゲート170aは、窒化物層162をまたいでいる、つまり、ゲート170aは、フィン構造のチャネル112の上に位置している。ゲート170aを使って、電流の接続をそれぞれ制御することができる二つの垂直な側面112があることから、縦型チャネルメモリー100はダブルゲート構造と呼ばれる。ゲート170aは、N+ポリシリコン、P+ポリシリコン、金属化合物または金属から作ることができる。図1Aで示されているように、第一端子192と第二端子194は、ゲート170aに対してチャネル112の二側面にそれぞれ位置している。本発明の本実施形態は、NANDアレイメモリー構造で例示されており、端子192と端子194は、それぞれソースとドレインまたはドレインとソースである。さらに、二つの縦型チャネルメモリー100の間にあるソースとドレインはどれも共通ソースと共通ドレインである。チャネル112の線幅はおおよそ10nmから60nmの範囲である。
酸化物―窒化物―酸化物(ONO)層160が形成される。ONO層160は、キャップ層140、チャネル112の垂直な二側面112bと厚い酸化物層150の上に配置されている。ONO層160は、酸化物層161、窒化物層162及び酸化物層163とを含む。本発明の本実施形態においては、窒化物層162は、電荷トラッピング層として電荷蓄積構造が形成されるように、窒化ケイ素が使われる。しかしながら、窒化物層162には、電荷トラッピング層として、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)やその他の高い誘電率を持つ物質も使用することができる。
第二実施形態
酸化物―窒化物―酸化物(ONO)層160が形成される。ONO層160は、チャネル112の垂直な二側面112bと厚い酸化物層150の上に配置されている。ONO層160は、酸化物層161、窒化物層162,酸化物層163を含む。本発明の本実施形態においては、窒化物層162は、電荷トラッピング層として窒化ケイ素を使用している。しかしながら、窒化物層162は、電荷蓄積構造を形成するのに酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)または高誘電率を持つ物質を電荷トラッピング層として使用することも可能である。
第三実施形態
Claims (31)
- 基板と、
前記基板から突出したチャネルと、
前記チャネルの上に配置されたキャップ層と、
前記チャネルの垂直な二側面及び前記キャップ層の上面上に配置され、前記チャネルの垂直な二側面及び前記キャップ層の上面を覆うとともに直接接している電荷蓄積構造と、
前記電荷蓄積構造を介して、前記チャネルの垂直な二側面及び前記キャップ層の上面の上に配置され、前記電荷蓄積構造を跨ぐように覆っているゲートと、
前記ゲートに対して前記チャネルの二側面にそれぞれ位置している第一端子および第二端子を含む、縦型チャネルメモリー。 - 前記キャップ層と前記チャネルが実質的に同じ幅を持つことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の縦型チャネルメモリー。
- 前記基板の上に位置する厚い酸化物層をさらに含み、その厚い酸化物層が前記チャネルの垂直な二側面と接触していることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の縦型チャネルメモリー。
- 前記キャップ層がケイ素酸化物層とケイ素窒化物層を含み、前記ケイ素窒化物層が前記ケイ素酸化物層の上に位置し、さらに前記キャップ層が縦型チャネルメモリーの形成に寄与することを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の縦型チャネルメモリー。
- 前記チャネルの垂直な二側面の上に位置した電荷トラップ層を含む電荷蓄積構造を特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の縦型チャネルメモリー。
- 前記電荷トラップ層の素材が窒化ケイ素、酸化アルミニウムもしくは、ほかの高誘電率を有する物質であることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の縦型チャネルメモリー。
- 前記電荷蓄積構造が、第一酸化物層と第二酸化物層を含み、前記第一酸化物層が前記電荷トラップ層と前記チャネルの間に位置し、前記第二酸化物層が前記電荷トラップ層とゲートの間に位置することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の縦型チャネルメモリー。
- 前記基板がバルクシリコン基板もしくはシリコン・オン・インシュレーター基板であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の縦型チャネルメモリー。
- 前記ゲートの材料が、N+ポリシリコン、P+ポリシリコン、金属化合物、もしくは金属であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の縦型チャネルメモリー。
- 前記チャネルの線幅が、10nmから60nmの範囲内にあることを特徴とした、請求項1または2に記載の縦型チャネルメモリー。
- 前記電荷蓄積構造が、第一障壁層と、トンネル層と、第二障壁層と、電荷トラップ層と、第三障壁層とを含み、前記トンネル層は前記第一障壁層の上に位置し、前記第二障壁層は前記トンネル層の上に位置し、前記電荷トラップは前記第二障壁層の上に位置し、前記第三障壁層は前記電荷トラップの上に位置し、前記第一障壁層は前記チャネルの垂直な二側面と前記キャップ層の上面に位置し、前記トンネル層は、前記第一障壁層と前記第二障壁層との間に位置し、前記電荷トラップ層は、前記第二障壁層と前記第三障壁層との間に位置することを、特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の縦型チャネルメモリー。
- 前記第一障壁層、前記第二障壁層、および前記第三障壁層が酸化物層であり、前記電荷トラップ層が窒化物層で、前記トンネル層が窒化物層またはポリシリコン層であることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の縦型チャネルメモリー。
- 前記第一障壁層の厚さが、20オングストローム未満であることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の縦型チャネルメモリー。
- 前記第一障壁層の厚さが5オングストロームから20オングストロームの間であることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の縦型チャネルメモリー。
- 前記第一障壁層の厚さが15オングストローム未満であることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の縦型チャネルメモリー。
- 前記第二障壁層の厚さが20オングストロームより小さいことを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の縦型チャネルメモリー。
- 前記第二障壁層の厚さが15オングストロームから20オングストロームの間であることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の縦型チャネルメモリー。
- 前記トンネル層の厚さが20オングストローム未満であることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の縦型チャネルメモリー。
- 前記トンネル層の厚さが10オングストロームから20オングストロームの間であることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の縦型チャネルメモリー。
- (a)基板を準備する工程と、
(b)前記基板の上に第一窒化物層を形成する工程と、
(c)前記第一窒化物層をエッチングして第一窒化物パターン層を形成する工程と、
(d)前記第一窒化物パターン層をトリミングして第二窒化物パターン層を形成する工程と、
(e)前記基板をエッチングして、基板から突き出たチャネルを少なくとも一つ形成する工程と、
(f)エッチングされた前記基板上に、前記チャネルの垂直な二側面に接するように厚い酸化物層を形成する工程と、
(g)前記チャネルの垂直な二側面を覆うとともに直接接する電荷蓄積構造を形成する工程と、
(h)ゲート材層を前記電荷蓄積構造の上に形成する工程と、
(i)前記チャネルの垂直な二側面に少なくとも一つのゲートを形成するために前記ゲート材層をエッチングする工程と、
(j)前記ゲートに対してチャネルの前記二側面に少なくとも一つの第一端子と第二端子を形成するためにイオンを注入する工程と、
を含む縦型チャネルメモリーの製造方法。 - 酸化物−窒化物−酸化物(ONO)層を形成することを含む、前記電荷蓄積構造を形成することを特徴とする請求項20に記載の方法。
- 酸化物−窒化物−酸化物−窒化物−酸化物(ONONO)層の形成を含む、前記電荷蓄積
構造を形成することを特徴とする請求項20に記載の方法。 - 前記工程(b)が、
(b1)パッド酸化物層を前記基板と前記第一窒化物層の間に形成する工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項20に記載の製造方法。 - 前記工程(c)が、
(c1)前記第一窒化物層の上に第一耐光パターン層を形成する工程と、
(c2)前記第一窒化物層をエッチングして、第一窒化物パターン層を形成する工程と、
(c3)第一耐光パターン層を除去する工程とを含むことを特徴とする請求項20に記載の製造方法。 - 前記工程(h)と工程(i)の間に、
(k)前記第二窒化物層を前記ゲート材層の上に形成する工程と、
(l)前記第二耐光パターン層を前記第二窒化物層の上に形成する工程と、
(m)前記第二窒化物層をエッチングして、第三窒化物パターン層を形成する工程と、
(n)前記第二耐光パターン層を除去する工程と、
(o)前記第三窒化物パターン層をトリミングして、第四窒化物パターン層を形成する工程とをさら含むことを特徴とする請求項20に記載の製造方法。 - 前記電荷蓄積構造が、前記チャネルの頂部表面と垂直な前記二側面の上に位置していることを特徴とする請求項20に記載の製造方法。
- 前記工程(d)において、前記第二窒化物パターン層の線幅が、10nmから60nmの範囲内にあることを特徴とする、請求項20に記載の製造方法。
- 前記工程(d)において、前記第一窒化物パターン層をトリミングするのに、熱リン酸を使用する請求項20に記載の製造方法。
- 基板から突出したチャネルを持つ縦型チャネルメモリーで使用され、そのチャネルは頂部表面と垂直な二側面を有し、ONONO層が前記チャネルの垂直な二側面を覆うとともに直接接しており、前記ONONO層を跨ぐゲートが前記チャネルの垂直な二側面の上に位置し、第一端子と第二端子がそれぞれゲートに対してチャネルの二側面に位置している、メモリーの稼働方法であって、
(a)前記縦型チャネルメモリーをプログラムするために、前記ゲートに第一バイアスをかける工程と、
(b)前記縦型チャネルメモリーを消去するために、第一バイアスとは極性が逆の第二バイアスを前記ゲートにかける工程とを含むことを特徴とするメモリーの稼働方法。 - 前記工程(a)が、さらに、
(a1)前記第一端子もしくは前記第二端子に第一バイアスと極性が同一の第三バイアスをかける工程を含む請求項29に記載の稼働方法。 - 前記工程(b)が、さらに、
(b1)前記第一端子もしくは前記第二端子に、前記第一バイアスと極性が同一の第四バイアスをかける工程;を含むことを特徴とする請求項29に記載の稼働方法。
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2007
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- 2007-07-23 TW TW096126843A patent/TWI359498B/zh active
- 2007-09-20 CN CN201410442520.8A patent/CN104282761A/zh active Pending
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US20080087942A1 (en) | 2008-04-17 |
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US8772858B2 (en) | 2014-07-08 |
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