CN1230218A - 对咪唑啉酮除莠剂具有抗性的甜菜植物 - Google Patents

对咪唑啉酮除莠剂具有抗性的甜菜植物 Download PDF

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CN1230218A
CN1230218A CN97197848A CN97197848A CN1230218A CN 1230218 A CN1230218 A CN 1230218A CN 97197848 A CN97197848 A CN 97197848A CN 97197848 A CN97197848 A CN 97197848A CN 1230218 A CN1230218 A CN 1230218A
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D·彭纳
T·R·赖特
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Abstract

描述了对咪唑啉酮除莠剂具抗性的甜菜植物。所述甜菜植物通过用该除莠剂筛选突变咪唑啉酮抗性细胞而得自敏感细胞。得自所述细胞的抗性植物可以在已经用咪唑啉酮除草的大田中生长。

Description

对咪唑啉酮除莠剂具有抗性的甜菜植物
发明背景
(1)发明概述
本发明涉及一种方法，用于产生用于除草的咪唑啉酮除莠剂具有抗性的甜菜植物(Beta vulgaris L.)。具体地说，本发明涉及通过用培养基中的该除莠剂和细胞筛选编码乙酰乳酸合酶(ALS)或亦称为乙酰羟酸合酶(AHAS)的基因的突变而由敏感甜菜所产生的甜菜。
(2)相关技术的描述
先有技术已描述了采用重组方法对乙酰乳酸合酶基因进行的遗传改变，如Bedrook等人的美国专利5,013,659号、5,141,870号和5,378,824号所展示。这种类型的对甜菜植物的修饰已由′824号专利的实施例4展示。但在产生繁殖真正具有对除莠剂抗性的植物运一方面，这些结果不太令人满意。
人们已经发展得到了各种抗性植物并将它们杂交育种。Saunders等人在Crop Science32:1357-1360(1992)中也描述了通过在含有磺酰脲类除莠剂的培养基中筛选突变细胞，从敏感自交能稔克隆(REL-1)产生对除莠剂具有抗性的甜菜植物(CRl-B)。Hart等人(Weed Sci.40:378-383(1992)和Weed Sci.41:317-324(1993))进一步记述了抗性系的特征并确定：这种抗性是来源于ALS活性的改变，对其它抑制ALS的除莠剂没有显示出交叉抗性，并且是由一个单一的半显性基因编码。
还没有出版物描述通过修饰甜菜植物中的ALS或AHAS而获得的对咪唑啉酮的抗性。已经发展得到具有该抗性的各种玉米系，如Newhouse等人在Theoretical and Applied Genetics83:65-70(1991)中所述。
进行作物保护的一种工业途径是使用如欧洲专利375,875号所述的“安全剂”。这种方法在土壤中引入了另一种化学物质。优选的方法是研制对咪唑啉酮除莠剂具有抗性的甜菜植物。
目标
因此，本发明的一个目标就是提供一种方法，通过筛选乙酰乳酸合酶基因的突变，这种突变编码对咪唑啉酮除莠剂的抗性，从而赋予甜菜植物这种抗性。此外，本发明的目标就是提供对这种除莠剂具有抗性的甜菜植物。参阅下面的描述和附图，这些目标和其它目标将会越来越明朗化。
附图简述
图1是本发明方法的示意图，该方法用来产生对咪唑啉酮除莠剂具有抗性的甜菜植物。R=抗性；IM=咪唑啉酮；S=敏感型；SU=磺酰脲类；Sur=SU-R、TP-R和IM-S的显性ALS等位基因；SIR-13=SU-S、TP-S和IM-R的显性ALS等位基因；TP=三唑并嘧啶。REL-1是获得咪唑啉酮抗性的起始材料。
图2是一个流程图，展示了产生突变的甜菜植物的详细步骤。
图3图显示了萌发后向甜菜植物喷洒施用咪唑乙烟酸后的咪唑乙烟酸抗性。
图4图显示了一个细胞培养物在ALS测定中对咪唑乙烟酸的抗性。
优选的实施方案的描述
本发明涉及一种甜菜植物材料，这种材料由带有突变的编码乙酰乳酸合酶的该酶基因的突变细胞组成，其中所述突变细胞具有对咪唑啉酮除莠剂的抗性，并且这种抗性是可以通过由所述突变细胞产生的植物的传统杂交传递的。
此外，本发明涉及一种在甜菜植物中产生一种除莠剂抗性的方法，包括：将第一批甜菜细胞暴露于培养基中第一批细胞对之敏感的咪唑啉酮除莠剂；筛选对除莠剂有抗性的第二批细胞，其中所述抗性可以通过包含第二批细胞的植物的杂交育种来传递。
最后，本发明涉及一种在甜菜中赋予一种除莠剂抗性的方法，包括：将第一批甜菜植物细胞暴露于培养基中第一批细胞对之敏感的咪唑啉酮除莠剂；筛选对除莠剂有抗性的第二批细胞；从第二批细胞生长出第一种植物，因此这株植物具有对该除莠剂的抗性；将第一种植物与第二种植物杂交育种，产生对该除莠剂具有抗性的杂交植物。
甜菜植物REL-1(再生型East Lansing-1)可得自在East Lansing,Michigan的美国农业部的遗传学家Joseph Saunders博士，该品种是1987年公布的材料。这个品种可免费得到。REL-1对咪唑啉酮(IM-S)、磺酰脲类(SU-S)和三唑并吡啶氨磺酰除莠剂敏感(TP-S)，如图1所示。
使用愈伤组织和悬浮培养发展了一个咪唑啉酮抗性(IM-R)杂合的细胞系。这个细胞系(种子)已经按照布达佩斯条约在美国典型培养物保藏中心于1996年5月6日以ATCC97534保藏，这里称为Sir-13。公众通过名称和保藏号申请可以获得这个细胞系，然而，由于这样的储藏，不需要得到许可。通过与优良的甜菜植物品系、特别是Betavulgaris L.进行育种，可以产生在商业上特别有用的抗性甜菜植物。可以使用传统的育种技术将咪唑啉酮抗性转移给其它甜菜，如红甜菜。
对咪唑啉酮除莠剂、具体为咪唑乙烟酸具有抗性的甜菜植物解决了在甜菜产区中由于使用该除莠剂而导致的土壤残余物问题。目前，在使用该除莠剂和该块大田栽培甜菜植物的下一次使用之间有40个月的等待期。其次，高水平的咪唑啉酮抗性允许在甜菜中用咪唑啉酮进行除草。
下面的实施例1显示了新型甜菜植物(Sir-13)的分离与培育。
                       实施例11．筛选对咪唑啉酮具有抗性的甜菜变异体(SIR-13)材料描述Rel-1  (再生型East Lansing-1)是一个高度可再生的雄性可
   育甜菜系，用于最初的选出针对咪唑啉酮的除莠剂抗性
   变异体的细胞筛选；在大多数实验中用作敏感性对照。Sir-13 该甜菜分离物是通过将Rel-1的细胞平板接种在含咪唑
   乙烟酸的培养基上发展而来。这个变异体对咪唑啉酮有
   抗性，但对磺酰脲类并没有交叉抗性。Sir-30 一个有代表性的倾向不育的选择分离物。这是细胞培养
   程序得到的一个异常结果。
a．根据在高细胞分裂素浓度的条件下(在B1培养基中)产生愈伤组织以及从愈伤组织中再生出苗的能力，挑选植物用作体细胞克隆筛选的源材料。
B1培养基的配方：
30g L-1蔗糖
100mg L-1肌醇
1.65g L-1 NH4NO3
1.90g L-1 KNO3
0.44g L-1 CaCl2·2H2O
0.37g L-1 MgSO4·7H2O
0.17g L-1 KH2PO4
6.2mg L-1 H3BO3
16.8mg L-1 MnSO4·H2O
10.6mg L-1 ZnSO4·7H2O
0.88mg L-1 KI
0.25mg L-1 Na2MoO4·2H2O
0.025mg L-1 CuSO4·5H2O
0.025mg L-1 CoCl2·6H2O
37.3mg L-1 Na2EDTA
27.8mg L-1 FeSO4·7H2O
1mg L-1硫胺素
0.5mg L-1吡哆醇
0.5mg L-1烟酸
1mg L-1苄氨基嘌呤
pH5.95
将B1固体培养基与9g·L-1的植物培养琼脂一起高压灭菌，并用过滤除菌的除莠剂贮液按筛选计划的需要进行调整。将琼脂培养基倒入15×100mm的一次性塑料培养皿中。
将B1培养基以40ml的等份加入125ml锥形瓶中并高压灭菌，用于液体悬浮培养。
筛选对咪唑啉酮有抗性的变异体Sir-13的源材料是Rel-1。
b．为筛选对咪唑啉酮有抗性的变异体，采用如图2所示的程序。
叶圆盘外植体是由源植物快速展开的叶片制备。用15％商用漂白剂加0.025％Triton X-100(T-9284,Sigma Chem.Co.,St.Louis,MO)两次、每次20分钟连续冲洗叶片进行表面消毒(步骤1)。用无菌去离子水清洗叶片两次。叶圆盘是用一个火焰灭菌的#3打孔器切下的。
无菌操作将叶圆盘置于固体B1培养基上(步骤2)。将叶圆盘在黑暗中30℃下培育4-8周，直到从叶圆盘上增生出脆弱、白色的愈伤组织。用镊子将愈伤组织机械分离出来，并顺序转移到多个含有40ml液体B1培养基的125ml锥形瓶中(步骤3)。将这些瓶子放置于一个50Hz、低强度的日光灯照射下(30μE/m2s)的旋转式摇床上。1周后将液体培养物用新鲜的B1培养基传代培养。
在液体培养开始后两周，用带有60目筛网的细胞离散筛(SigmaCD-1)分离细胞块。大约2/3体积的液体培养基在细胞沉淀之后被除去。在步骤4，将细胞重新悬浮于剩余的培养基中，并且将1ml的等份均匀地铺展在添加了50nM咪唑乙烟酸除莠剂(PURSUIT,AmericanCyanamid,Wayne,NJ)的固体B1培养基上。将平板叠起来，在微弱的日光灯照射下(5μE/m2s)培育8-12周。
c．在50nM咪唑乙烟酸的浓度下，所有的敏感细胞都死亡了。在运个浓度下存活并生长的细胞块被检定为可能的抗性变异体。在步骤5，将这些细胞块(直径约1-3mm)转移到新鲜的不含除莠剂的B1固体培养基上，并让其在低光照条件下(10-20μE/m2s)生长。分别鉴定并保持每一个假定的抗性变异体。
d．在步骤6，每隔4-6周就将白色、脆弱的愈伤组织再分到新鲜的B1固体培养基上，直到从愈伤组织中生长出单独的苗。将这些苗转移到如下的苗维持培养基(M20)中：
M20培养基的配方：
30g L-1蔗糖
100mg L-1肌醇
1.65g L-1NH4NO3
1.90g L-1KNO3
0.44g L-1CaCl2·2H2O
0.37g L-1MgSO4·7H2O
0.17g L-1KH2PO4
6.2mg L-1H3BO3
16.8mg L-1MnSO4·H2O
10.6mg L-1ZnSO4·7H2O
0.88mg L-1KI
0.25mg L-1Na2MoO4·2H2O
0.025mg L-1CuSO4·5H2O
0.025mg L-1CoCl2·6H2O
37.3mg L-1Na2EDTA
27.8mg L-1FeSO4·7H2O
1mg L-1硫胺素
0.5mg L-1吡哆醇
0.5mg L-1烟酸
0.25mg L-1苄氨基嘌呤
pH5.95
将M20固体培养基与9g·L-1的植物培养琼脂一起高压灭菌，并用过滤除菌的除莠剂贮液按筛选计划的需要进行调整。将琼脂培养基倒入20×100mm的一次性塑料培养皿中。
在10-20μE/m2s的日光灯照射下保持苗培养物，并用解剖刀片解剖苗培养物进行繁殖。繁殖候选的苗培养物，并按下面介绍的方法评估抗性的水平。2．苗培养物的咪唑啉酮抗性的水平
在步骤7，如下评估苗培养物对除莠剂的抗性：将3个一致大小的小苗切块分别置于含M20培养基的平板上，其中M20培养基添加了浓度按对数递增、范围为1nM到0.1nM的咪唑啉酮除莠剂。将Sir-13培养物的反应与敏感性对照(Rel-1)的苗培养物的反应进行对比。将苗培养物在光强度20μE/m2s、温度25℃的条件下保持3周。通过评估苗培养物转移到选择培养基上3周后所受的损伤及其鲜重来确定苗培养物的反应。除莠剂抗性的大小通过抗性I50值(导致50％损伤的除莠剂浓度)与敏感性对照的I50值的比值确定。
采用上面的方法，但替换培养基中使用的除莠剂，确定每种变异体的交叉抗性特征。Sir-13的苗培养物显示了对咪唑乙烟酸具有220倍水平的抗性，对磺酰脲类除莠剂氯磺隆或三唑并嘧啶磺酰苯胺除莠剂唑嘧磺草胺没有表现出交叉抗性，如表1所示。
                     表1
苗培养物和ALS抗性和交叉抗性的大小
 咪唑乙烟酸    咪草酸  咪唑喹啉酸   AC299,2631  氯磺隆2  唑嘧磺草胺3
  克隆
  Rel-1    苗培养物I50ALS I50     18nM2.7μM    800nM430nM(酸)     40nM     30nM    2.5nM10nM     28nM150nM
  Sir-13(Sir)    苗培养物I50R/S4ALS I50 5R/S     3.9μM220X400μM150X    ＞100μM＞125X     3.0μM75X     3.5μM120X    3.0nM1X11nM1X     20nM1X
1-咪唑啉酮(American Cyanamid,Wayne,NJ)2-磺酰脲类-Glean(Dopont,Wilmington,DE)3-三唑并嘧啶磺酰苯胺(BROADSTRIKE,Dow Elanco,Indianapolis,IN)4-R/S=对于测试的特定除莠剂来说抗性I50值与敏感对照I50值的比值。5-I50是对苗培养物造成50％损伤所需的除莠剂浓度。3．植物再生与培育
在步骤8，使用相似的方法将Sir-13的苗培养物再生为整棵植株。在先前的苗传代培养两周之后，将Sir-13苗转移到含40ml N3生根培养基的125ml锥形瓶中。
N3培养基的配方：
30g L-1蔗糖
100mg L-1肌醇
1.65g L-1NH4NO3
1.90g L-1KNO3
0.44g L-1CaCl2·2H2O
0.37g L-1MgSO4·7H2O
0.17g L-1KH2PO4
6.2mg L-1H3BO3
16.8mg L-1MnSO4·H2O
10.6mg L-1ZnSO4·7H2O
0.88mg L-1KI
0.25mg L-1Na2MoO4·2H2O
0.025mg L-1CuSO4·5H2O
0.025mg L-1CoCl2·6H2O
37.3mg L-1Na2EDTA
27.8mg L-1FeSO4·7H2O
1mg L-1硫胺素
0.5mg L-1吡哆醇
0.5mg L-1烟酸
3mg L-1萘乙酸
pH5.95
将N3培养基以40ml的等份加入125ml的锥形瓶中，每个瓶中加入9g L-1琼脂(0.45g)，高压灭菌，准备用于苗培养物的生根。然后将培养物转移到25℃每天24小时中等光强度(40-60μE/m2s)光照下。4-6周后根逐渐形成。
在步骤9，将生根的苗(R0代)然后转移到温室中的Baccto(Michigan Peat Co.Houston,TX)盆栽混合物中。在步骤10，将Sir-13的R0植物与一种名为293的光滑根的甜菜杂交。这些杂交得到的F1代种子进行自交，产生F2种子。假定咪唑啉酮抗性是显性或半显性的单基因性状。F2代植物的咪唑啉酮抗性应按1纯合抗性：2杂合抗性：1纯合敏感性的比例分离。Sir-13作为单基因显性性状的遗传
对每一株F2植株进行子代测试，检测该比例。将Sir-13的F2植株自交，并从每一植株上分别收集种子。将这些子代种植在温室中，并在2-4叶期喷洒1/4倍田间施用比的咪唑乙烟酸(PURSUIT)除莠剂(0.0625 1b ai/A+1qt/A SunIt-Ⅱ(AGSCO Fargo)+1qt/A28％UAN(尿素硝酸铵)。这个比例使得将具有1或2个拷贝Sir-13等位基因的植株与敏感性植株鉴别开来。
根据子代测试的分离结果，将每一个Sir-13家族归类为纯合抗性、杂合抗性或纯合敏感性。结果清楚地显示Sir-13 F2分离的各个类别符合1∶2∶1的比例，如表2所示。
                      表2
    亲代命名     子代分离比     F2亲代数
    纯合抗性杂合抗性纯合敏感性     均为R3R∶1S均为S     123515
这些结果表明Sir-13是一个单基因显性性状。目前还未确定显性或半显性的程度。4．整株植物对咪唑啉酮的抗性
将纯合的(不分离)Sir-13 F2植株自交，产生纯合的Sir-13 F3种子。让Rel-1克隆自交，产生敏感性S1种子。将种子种植到温室中的Baccto盆栽混合物中，并在种植后14天进行间苗，使得每盆一个植株。在4-6叶期向植株喷洒0、0.26、1.1、4.4、17.5、70或280g活性组分/ha的咪唑乙烟酸(PURSUIT)或AC299,263(RAPTOR)。所有处理都以239L/ha的体积施用并包括以下喷洒添加剂：1％(体积)的SunIt-Ⅱ和1％(体积)的28％UAN。每种处理平行测定4次。处理后20天测定苗的鲜重。Sir-13和敏感性甜菜的反应如图3所示。Sir-13纯合体对咪唑乙烟酸和AC299,263分别表现出120倍和90倍的抗性。5．对咪唑乙烟酸的ALS靶酶反应
使用标准程序从温室中生长的甜菜植物快速展开的叶片上部分纯化ALS(Hart等人，Weed Science40:378-383(1992))。在咪唑乙烟酸的浓度按对数递增的条件下，评估纯合Sir-13 F3植株和Rel-1 S1种子的提取物中ALS的活性。测定REL-1和Sir-13甜菜系的叶片提取物的ALS活性。如上所述将植株种植于温室中直到4-6叶期。在咪唑乙烟酸的浓度按对数递增的条件下，测定新鲜提取物中ALS的活性。采用的方法和程序修改自Ray(Plant Physiol.75:827-831(1984))和Shaner等人(Plant Physiol.76:545-546(1984))简要介绍的方法和程序。在40ml冷匀浆缓冲液(0.1M K2HPO4,pH7.5、1mM丙酮酸钠、0.5mMMgCl2、0.5mM焦磷酸硫胺素、10μM黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸、10％(体积)甘油)加2.5g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(polyvinylpolypyrolidone)中匀浆10g甜菜叶片。将匀浆液用8层纱布过滤并以27,000g离心20分钟。取出上清液并用(NH4)2SO4处理至50％饱和度。将此溶液在0℃保持1小时，然后以18,000g离心15分钟，将沉淀再溶解于1ml重悬浮缓中液(0.1MK2HPO4,pH7.5、20mM丙酮酸钠、0.5mM MgCl2)，并在Sephadex G-25PD-10柱(Pharmacia,Inc.,Piscataway,NJ)上脱盐。立即评估酶提取物。
通过将0.2ml酶制备物(以重悬浮液按3∶1的比例稀释)加入1.3ml反应缓冲液(25mM K2HPO4,pH7.0、0.625mM MgCl2、25mM丙酮酸钠、0.625mM焦磷酸硫胺素、1.25μM黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸)中并于35℃温育1小时，测定ALS活性。反应混合物包含终浓度为0、4、40、400、4000、40000、400000或4000000nM的咪唑乙烟酸或终浓度为0、0.9、9、90、900、9000、90000nM的氯磺隆。加入50μl 6N H2SO4并于60℃温育15分钟，终止反应。这个如Westerfield(J.Biol.Chem.16:495-502(1945))所述的程序也将ALS酶的产物乙酰乳酸脱羧，形成3-羟基丁酮。通过加入1ml含2.5％(重量)α-萘酚和0.25％(重量)肌酸的2.5N NaOH并于60℃温育15分钟，形成有色的3-羟基丁酮复合物。
将购得的3-羟基丁酮用作比色反应的标准品。在530nm处测定反应溶液的吸光度，以确定3-羟基丁酮的浓度。重复每种除莠剂的实验，每次3个平行测定。用Bradford的方法(Anal.Biochem.72:248-254(1976))测定提取物中蛋白的浓度，使用牛血清白蛋白制作标准曲线。
所有实验都进行两次，每种处理平行测定3次。图4显示了Sir-13纯合体和敏感性Rel-1的ALS提取物的反应。Sir-13在酶水平上显示对咪唑乙烟酸具有150倍的抗性(通过抗性系和敏感系的I50值的比例确定)。图3显示前文所讨论的整株植物表现出44倍的抗性。6．ALS基因拷贝数
进行DNA印迹分析，以确定在敏感系甜菜中存在的ALS基因拷贝数。从原代Sir-13突变体的敏感性F3植株中分离基因组DNA，并用普通实用技术(Current Protocols in Molecular Biology,J.Wiely andSons，纽约(1991))进行分析。同样分析一个市售甜菜变种的基因组DNA。在两个甜菜品系中，检测到ALS基因的单一拷贝。这个数据表明一个纯合突变型甜菜中所有的ALS酶活性都由抗性酶的形式构成。7.ALS基因突变
为确定ALS酶抗性的分子基础，用标准技术测定ALS基因上所有以前报道的除莠剂抗性突变发生的两个区域的序列(Current Protocolsin Molecular Biology,J.Wiely and Sons，纽约(1991))。甜菜ALS基因以前曾被测序(美国专利5,378,824号)，并设计了聚合酶链式反应(PCR)引物，以扩增负责以前报道的植物除莠剂抗性的基因的两个区域。从抗性甜菜(Sir-13)和敏感性甜菜(Rel-1)得到的序列数据的对比表明，核苷酸序列上337位的一个单核苷酸从鸟嘌呤变为腺嘌呤，导致甜菜ALS氨基酸序列上113位发生了由苏氨酸到丙氨酸的取代。已经将该位点与苍耳的咪唑啉酮抗性(Bernasconi等人，J.Biol.Chem.270:17381-17385(1995))和酵母的磺酰脲类抗性(美国专利5,378,824号)相联系。在检查过的ALS基因上这两个区域中并未发现其它与野生型核苷酸序列不同的碱基改变。
以上叙述将只是本发明的说明，而本发明仅受下文所附的权利要求书限制。

Claims (11)

1．一种由突变细胞组成的甜菜植物材料，所述的突变细胞带有编码乙酰乳酸合酶的突变基因，其中所述突变细胞具有对一种咪唑啉酮除莠剂的抗性，并且这种抗性可以通过由所述细胞产生的植物的传统杂交育种来传递。
2．权利要求1的材料，所述材料得自对所述除莠剂没有抗性、名为REL-1的亲代甜菜植物的敏感性细胞，采用的方法是将所述敏感性细胞于含所述除莠剂的培养基上培养以筛选突变的细胞。
3．以名为ATCC97534(Sir-13)的种子保藏的权利要求1的材料。
4．权利要求1的作为种子或种子繁殖体的植物材料。
5．在甜菜植物中产生除莠剂抗性的方法，所述方法包括：
(a)将甜菜植物的第一批细胞暴露于培养基中的一种第一批细胞对之敏感的咪唑啉酮除莠剂；然后
(b)筛选具有所述除莠剂抗性的第二批细胞，其中所述抗性可以通过包含第二批细胞的植物的杂交育种来传递。
6．权利要求5的方法，其中所述第二批细胞得自名为REL-1的甜菜植物的第一批细胞。
7．权利要求5的方法，其中所述第二批细胞以名为ATCC97534(SIR-13)的种子保藏。
8．在甜菜植物中赋予除莠剂抗性的方法，所述方法包括：
(a)将甜菜植物的第一批细胞暴露于培养基中的一种第一批细胞对之敏感的咪唑啉酮除莠剂；
(b)筛选具有所述除莠剂抗性的第二批细胞；
(c)从第二批细胞生长出第一种植物，使得所述植物具有所述除莠剂抗性；然后
(d)将第一种植物与第二种植物进行杂交育种，产生对所述除莠剂具有抗性的杂交植物。
9．将对除莠剂的抗性赋予其它甜菜的方法，所述方法包括：
(a)将甜菜植物的第一批细胞暴露于培养基中的一种第一批细胞对之敏感的咪唑啉酮除莠剂；
(b)筛选具有所述除莠剂抗性的第二批细胞；
(c)从第二批细胞生长出第一种植物，使得所述植物具有所述除莠剂抗性；然后
(d)将第一种植物与第二种植物进行杂交育种，产生对所述除莠剂具有抗性的杂交植物。
10．权利要求8的方法，其中步骤(a)的第一批细胞来自名为REL-1的甜菜。
11．权利要求8的方法，其中所述第二批细胞以名为ATCC97534(SIR-13)的种子保藏。
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