CN106029596A - 采用多孔非牺牲性支撑层的二维材料形成复合结构的方法 - Google Patents

采用多孔非牺牲性支撑层的二维材料形成复合结构的方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN106029596A
CN106029596A CN201580006832.7A CN201580006832A CN106029596A CN 106029596 A CN106029596 A CN 106029596A CN 201580006832 A CN201580006832 A CN 201580006832A CN 106029596 A CN106029596 A CN 106029596A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
graphene
supporting layer
dimensional material
thin film
growth substrate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201580006832.7A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
S·L·辛萨鲍夫
P·V·贝得沃斯
D·F·小凯希
S·E·海瑟
S·W·辛顿
R·M·斯托豋伯格
J·L·斯维特
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lockheed Martin Corp
Original Assignee
Lockheed Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lockheed Corp filed Critical Lockheed Corp
Publication of CN106029596A publication Critical patent/CN106029596A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0069—Inorganic membrane manufacture by deposition from the liquid phase, e.g. electrochemical deposition
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0001—Making filtering elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0004—Organic membrane manufacture by agglomeration of particles
    • B01D67/00046—Organic membrane manufacture by agglomeration of particles by deposition by filtration through a support or base layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0053—Inorganic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0053—Inorganic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes
    • B01D67/0058—Inorganic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes by selective elimination of components, e.g. by leaching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
    • B01D69/107—Organic support material
    • B01D69/1071—Woven, non-woven or net mesh
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
    • B01D69/108—Inorganic support material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
    • B01D69/1213—Laminated layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/02—Inorganic material
    • B01D71/021—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/02—Inorganic material
    • B01D71/021—Carbon
    • B01D71/0211—Graphene or derivates thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
    • B01D2323/39—Electrospinning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/24—Mechanical properties, e.g. strength
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0004—Organic membrane manufacture by agglomeration of particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/002—Organic membrane manufacture from melts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0023—Organic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes
    • B01D67/003—Organic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes by selective elimination of components, e.g. by leaching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0023—Organic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes
    • B01D67/0032—Organic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes by elimination of segments of the precursor, e.g. nucleation-track membranes, lithography or laser methods
    • B01D67/0034—Organic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes by elimination of segments of the precursor, e.g. nucleation-track membranes, lithography or laser methods by micromachining techniques, e.g. using masking and etching steps, photolithography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0037—Organic membrane manufacture by deposition from the gaseous phase, e.g. CVD, PVD
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0053—Inorganic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes
    • B01D67/006—Inorganic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes by elimination of segments of the precursor, e.g. nucleation-track membranes, lithography or laser methods
    • B01D67/0062—Inorganic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes by elimination of segments of the precursor, e.g. nucleation-track membranes, lithography or laser methods by micromachining techniques, e.g. using masking and etching steps, photolithography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0072—Inorganic membrane manufacture by deposition from the gaseous phase, e.g. sputtering, CVD, PVD
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

很难将原子级薄膜(例如石墨烯、石墨烯基材料和其它二维材料)从生长基片移除，然后将该薄膜转移到第二基片。在去除和转移过程中，会发生撕裂和保形性问题。通过操控二维材料如石墨烯或石墨烯基材料形成复合结构的方法包括：提供附着至生长基片的二维材料；在二维材料附着于生长基片的同时将支撑层沉积于二维材料上；和将二维材料从生长基片上释放，在二维材料从生长基片上释放后，所述二维材料仍保持与支撑层相接触。

Description

采用多孔非牺牲性支撑层的二维材料形成复合结构的方法
相关申请的交叉引用
根据35U.S.C.§119，本申请要求2014年1月31日提交的美国临时专利申请61/934,537的优先权益，其全部内容通过引用纳入本文。
关于联邦资助的研究或开发的声明
不适用
领域
本发明主要涉及原子级的薄膜，更具体地，涉及一种操作石墨烯、石墨烯基材料及其它二维材料的方法。
背景
石墨烯是一种原子级的薄层碳，其中碳原子位于稠合六元环的单层或者少数堆叠层中(例如，20层或更少)，从而形成互相连接的六角型分子平面延展晶格，尽管平面晶格并非只有六元环一种基本结构。就此而言，石墨烯代表了SP2和SP杂化碳原子的平面排布，其可能或可能不表现出长程结晶顺序。在其不同形式下，石墨烯在很多应用领域中都获得了广泛的关注，主要是因为其具有高电导率和热导率，良好的机械延展性和独特的光学及电学特性的有利组合。在许多方面，石墨烯的性质都可以与碳纳米管材料媲美，因为这两种纳米材料都是基于一种延展的电学共轭连接碳框架。其它具有平面延展结构的二维材料也在不同应用中得到了关注。本文中所用的术语“二维材料”指的是任何具有原子厚度的延展平面结构，包括其单层或多层。多层二维材料可包含最多约20个堆叠层。
由于石墨烯的延展平面结构，其具有了碳纳米管所没有的几个特征。工业特别感兴趣的是大面积石墨烯薄膜的应用，例如，特殊的阻隔层、涂层、大面积的导电元件(例如，无线电射频反射器或天线)、集成电路、透明电极，太阳能电池、气障、柔性电子件等。另外，石墨烯薄膜在目前相比较于碳纳米管材料能够更廉价地批量生产。
原子厚度的和含单层或多层石墨烯的大面积石墨烯薄膜可以通过多种化学气相沉积法(CVD)生产。CVD生长发生在含金属的生长基片上，例如铜或者是镍箔，石墨烯在合成后牢牢地附着在生长基片上。甚至在空间上与生长基片表面隔离的多层石墨烯中的外层石墨烯也可以牢牢地与生长基片保持附着。石墨烯对其生长基片的牢固粘附使得石墨烯薄膜的完整剥离变得困难。
金属生长基片对于利用石墨烯薄膜的下游应用往往是不理想的。例如，化学、电或者功能上的不兼容可能会导致当试图利用石墨烯薄膜时，它仍然附着或者与金属生长基片接触。因此，经常需要将石墨烯膜从金属生长基片上转移到第二基片上，在这里也被称为“功能基片”或“接收基片”。所述第二基片可以表现出更适合满足特定应用需求的特征。
因为诸多原因，将石墨烯薄膜从其生长基片上去除，随后再把这层石墨烯薄膜转移到第二基片上是很困难的。尽管在原子基础上，石墨烯具有高机械强度，但是一旦将其它从其生长基片上脱离，其在宏观上是非常脆弱的。例如，撕裂、断裂和/或弯曲都可能在将石墨烯从它的生长基片上释放出来的过程中发生。在将石墨烯薄膜转移到第二基片上后，撕裂和弯曲能导致表面保形性和覆盖性较差。有些影响将石墨烯薄膜从生长基片上去除的方法也会对石墨烯薄膜产生不良的化学损伤，继而降低其所需的特性。
一个解决无支撑石墨烯薄膜的困难的方案包括在石墨烯薄膜上沉积一个支撑层从而在转移的过程中暂时提供机械稳定性。聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)(PMMA)层已经应用到这方面。一旦完成到第二基片的转移，就将支撑层从石墨烯薄膜上去除，这就意味着支撑层是牺牲性的，它并不会在石墨烯薄膜最终的部署配置中与其保持相连。使用牺牲性支撑层来提升石墨烯薄膜转移不是理想的，其有很多原因，包括：例如，转移后层去除不完全、在(支撑)层去除过程中对石墨烯薄膜和/或第二基片的化学损伤，由于支撑层的束缚导致石墨烯薄膜到第二基片的表面保形性差，以及支撑层可能会渗入石墨烯薄膜的穿孔内。用于影响支撑层的去除过程的化学物质通常是明确与形成第二基片的聚合物材料不相容的。此外，从时间和成本的观点来看，沉积然后去除牺牲性支撑层的额外处理操作是不理想的。
鉴于上述观点，不使用牺牲性支撑层来操作石墨烯薄膜的技术在本领域会有相当大的益处。本发明满足了上述需求，并同时提供了相关的优势。
概述
本文在不同实施例中对操作二维材料的方法进行了描述。在一些实施例中，所述方法可包括：提供附着至生长基片的二维材料，在该二维材料附着于生长基片的同时将支撑层沉积于该二维材料上，和将该二维材料从生长基片上释放。在该二维材料从生长基片上释放后，所述二维材料仍保持与支撑层相接触。
在一些实施例中，本发明的方法可包括：提供附着于生长基片的石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜，对膜进行打孔(穿孔)以在其中形成多个孔，在所述的膜附着于生长基片的同时将支撑层沉积在膜上，并将石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜自生长基片上释放。所述石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜在膜从生长基片释放后仍保持与支撑层相接触。在一些实施例中，所述生长基片包括金属，且所述支撑层含有多个孔。
在另一些实施例中，本文描述了含有打孔石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜和支撑层的过滤膜。所述过滤膜的制备方法包括：提供附着于生长基片的石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜，对薄膜进行打孔从而在中形成多个孔，在所述的薄膜附着于生长基片的同时将支撑层沉积在薄膜上，并将石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜自生长基片上释放。所述石墨烯或石墨烯基在薄膜从生长基片释放后仍保持与支撑层相接触。在一些实施例中，所述生长基片包括金属，且所述支撑层含有多个孔。
上文相当宽泛地概括了本发明特征，从而使后文的具体描述更易理解。下文中将对本发明额外的特征和优点进行描述。结合下文描述及附图，此中及其它优点和特征将更为凸显。
附图简述
为了更完整地理解本发明及其优点，将结合参考下文的描述和附图对本发明的具体实施例进行描述，其中：
图1是夹在生长基片和支撑层之间的石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜的示意图；
图2是在去除生长基片并释放石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜后，石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜仅与支撑层接触的示意图；
图3是示意性方法的示意图，其中在生长基片上可以形成石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料，随后以支撑形式进行移除；
图4和图5显示了示意性方法，其中通过蚀刻溶液可以使石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜和多孔或渗透性支撑层从生长基质上脱离，然后连续转移至第二基片；和
图6显示了其上沉积有大量静电纺丝PVDF纤维的石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜的示意性SEM照片。
图7显示了当(a)石墨烯或石墨烯基材料施用于现有的第二基片上和(b)第二基片施用于石墨烯或石墨烯基材料上时，位于石墨烯或石墨烯基材料和第二基片之间的碎片所引起的破坏的示意图。
图8显示了图7(a)中所示在膜和现有第二基片之间的碎片引起的石墨烯或石墨烯基破坏的示意性SEM照片。
详述
本发明部分涉及形成复合结构的方法，所述复合结构含有非牺牲性支撑层和石墨烯、石墨烯基或其它二维材料。石墨烯基材料包括(但不限于)单层石墨烯、多层石墨烯或相互连通的单层或多层石墨烯域及其组合。在实施例中，多层石墨烯包括2-20层、2-10层或2-5层。在实施例中，石墨烯是石墨烯基材料的主要材料。例如，石墨烯基材料包括至少30％的石墨烯、或至少40％的石墨烯、或至少50％的石墨烯、或至少60％的石墨烯、或至少70％的石墨烯、或至少80％的石墨烯、或至少90％的石墨烯、或至少95％的石墨烯。在实施例中，石墨烯基材料包括石墨烯范围选自30％-95％，或40％-80％或50％-70％。
如本文所用，“域”指的是材料中原子在晶格中排序一致的区域。域在其界限内是一致的，但与邻近区域有所不同。例如，单晶材料具有有序原子的单一域。在一实施例中，至少一部分石墨烯域是纳米晶体，具有1-100nm或10-100nm的域径(domain size)。在一实施例中，至少一部分石墨烯域具有大于100nm到最多100微米，或200nm-10微米、或500nm至1微米的域径。各域边缘的结晶缺损所形成的“晶粒边界(Grain boundary)”与相邻的晶格区分开。在一些实施例中，第一晶格可相对于邻近的第二晶格旋转，通过围绕垂直于片层平面的某个轴旋转，从而使两个晶格在“晶格取向”上互不相同。
在一实施例中，石墨烯基材料的片层包含单个或多个石墨烯片层或其组合。在一实施例中，石墨烯基材料的片层是单个或多个石墨烯片层或其组合。在另一实施例中，石墨烯基材料的片层是包含大量连通的单个或多个石墨烯域的片层。在一实施例中，所述连通的域共价结合在一起从而形成片层。当一片层内的各域在晶格取向上不同时，则该片层为多晶。
在实施例中，石墨烯基材料片层的厚度为0.34-10nm、0.34-5nm、或0.34-3nm。石墨烯基材料的片层可能含有固有缺损。与那些在石墨烯基材料片层或石墨烯片层中选择性引入的孔洞相比，固有缺损是在石墨烯基材料制备中无意形成的。这些固有缺损包括(但不限于)晶格异常、细孔、裂缝、裂纹或褶皱。晶格异常可包括(但不限于)：6元以外的碳环(如5、7或9元环)、空缺、填隙缺损(包括在晶格中含有无碳原子)以及晶粒边界。
在一实施例中，含有石墨烯基材料的片层还在石墨烯基材料片层的表面上包括非石墨烯碳基材料。在一实施例中，所述非石墨烯碳基材料不具有长程有序性，可被分类为无定形。在实施例中，所述非石墨烯碳基材料还包括碳和/或烃类以外的元素。可掺入非石墨烯碳基材料中可的非碳材料包括(但不限于)氢、烃、氧、硅、铜和铁。在实施例中，碳是非石墨烯碳基材料的主要材料。例如，非石墨烯碳基材料含有至少30％的碳、或至少40％的碳、或至少50％的碳、或至少60％的碳、或至少70％的碳、或至少80％的碳、或至少90％的碳、或至少95％的碳。在实施例中，所述非石墨烯碳基材料所含碳的范围选自30％-95％、或40％-80％、或50％-75％。
本发明部分涉及了将石墨烯、石墨烯基材料和其它二维材料从其生长基片上去除的方法。本发明还部分涉及了无生长基片的石墨烯、石墨烯基材料和其它二维材料的操作方法。本发明还部分涉及了由自生长基片释放的带孔石墨烯或石墨烯基材料形成的复合结构和过滤膜。
如上所述，将石墨烯(或)石墨烯基材料及其它二维材料从生长基片上转移到第二基片上是非常复杂的。例如，在转移过程中会发生机械损伤和形态学改变。第二基片上转移的二维材料的表面保形性也会产生问题。在这种情况下，若第二基片不够光滑，则转移的二维材料会在沉积过程中撕裂。表面要足够光滑的需求则会严重限制了对第二基片候选材料的选择。虽然通过采用牺牲性支撑层(如PMMA)促使薄膜转移能够使上述一些问题有所减轻，但牺牲性支撑层还会引入其本身的一系列问题，如上所述。此外，PMMA柔韧性不够，可能在促进下游应用中产生问题。
在这些实体的平面结构中特意引入特定大小的多个孔，石墨烯、石墨烯基材料和其它二维材料已经设想可多个应用领域。如本文所用，术语“孔洞”指的是延伸贯穿石墨烯、石墨烯基材料或类似二维材料厚度的孔隙或洞。本文将在平面结构内特意引入孔洞的石墨烯、石墨烯基材料和其它二维材料称作“带孔的”，而引入孔洞的行为称为“打孔”。在石墨烯或石墨烯基片层中，片层中每个六碳原子环结构形成间隙孔(interstitial aperture)，且该间隙孔的宽度小于1纳米。具体地，按照碳原子之间中心到中心的距离，间隙孔最长维度的宽度是3nm。对含有二维网络结构的片层打孔通常是指在网络结构中形成比间隙孔更大的洞。过滤代表着带孔石墨烯、石墨烯基材料和其它带孔二维材料所设想的示例性应用，因为原子或分子大小的成分可以通过采用足够小的孔洞得以有效过滤。由于石墨烯、石墨烯基材料和其它二维材料太薄了，即使很小的孔径也能达到高通量率。而对具有较厚活性过滤层的过滤膜来说则不是这样。
牺牲性支撑层在与带孔的石墨烯、石墨烯基材料和其它带孔的二维材料联用时可能尤其成问题，因为它们很难去除，会影响平面结构的多孔性。当利用转移的二维材料作为活性过滤膜时，多孔或渗透性第二基片的化学破坏和有效来源也会产生问题。此外，先前在现有技术中使用的牺牲性支撑材料被认为缺乏足够的多孔性，这种多孔性能使它们直接应用于利用石墨烯、石墨烯基材料或类似二维材料的多孔性的领域。
本发明认为，可有效利用非牺牲性支撑层促进操控牢固的复合结构形式的这些薄膜材料，而非利用牺牲性(暂时性)支撑层以促进石墨烯、石墨烯基材料和其它二维材料向第二基质的转移。如本文所用，术语“非牺牲性”指的是在二维材料的最终部署中，仍与石墨烯、石墨烯基材料或其它二维材料保持相连的支撑层。可为与具体最终部署的兼容性而选择或调整所述非牺牲性支撑层的性质。去除牺牲性支撑层能够减少处理过程中二维材料的破坏机会，并有利于节省时间和材料。此外，不难沉积或成型各种非牺牲性支撑层并在其中产生多孔性，这尤其可与打卡二维材料联用以供过滤和其它应用。
大量不同类型的支撑材料，聚合的或非聚合的，可与本发明的实施方式联用。基于石墨烯、石墨烯基材料或其它二维材料要最终部署的化学或物理环境，可对支撑层所用的特定材料进行选择。此外，可采用很多方法沉积支撑层从而在其成分和形态上能够实现足够的柔韧性。在下文中会进一步讨论这种方法的优点。
在一些实施例中，本发明非牺牲性支撑层可用于促进石墨烯、石墨烯基材料或另一种二维材料向第二基片的转移。当以此方式使用时，二维材料可夹在支撑层和第二基片中，或所述支撑层可夹在二维材料和第二基片之间。无论哪种情况下，非牺牲性支撑层都不会显著降低二维材料表现出其预期作用的能力。例如，在过滤应用时，多孔的、非牺牲性支撑层可任由游离液体或气体在二维材料的上游和/或下游通过，从而使得带孔的二维材料起到活性过滤层的作用。在二维材料夹在第二基片和支撑层当中的结构中，支撑层内的孔洞可以在大颗粒有机会堵塞二维材料内的小孔洞之前对大颗粒进行有效的预过滤。
在某些实施例中，大量非牺牲性支撑层可直接在多孔或渗透情况下沉积，或在支撑层在二维材料沉积后形成多孔性。无论何种情况，支撑层内的多孔性具有足够的纬度以接近在支撑层沉积的带孔二维材料内的孔洞。例如，在带孔二维材料上沉积的多孔或渗透性、非牺牲性支撑层可以构成本发明多个实施例中渗透膜的至少一部分。与采用牺牲性支撑层进行的二维材料向第二基片的转移而制备的类似膜相比，这种渗透膜可表现出更连续的过滤特性。
因此，本文所述的方法能够使得石墨烯、石墨烯基材料以及其它二维材料更可能与更大范围的材料联用。此外，与将提前合成的二维材料沉积在现有基片的相反或传统方法相比，通过在二维材料上直接沉积聚合物或其它支撑层物质能够获得更好的表面覆盖度和形态学特点。本发明的方法使得二维材料和支撑层之间发生更好的物理和化学相互作用。另外，直接沉积的方法可通过改善诸层之间的粘合性而减少或预防二维材料和支撑层的分离。另一个优势在于，本发明的直接沉积法可以减少碎片截留在二维材料和支撑层之间的可能性，或减轻截留的碎片引起的损害。
图7显示了当(a)石墨烯或石墨烯基材料施用于现有的第二基片上和(b)第二基片施用于石墨烯或石墨烯基材料上时，在石墨烯或石墨烯基材料和第二基片之间的碎片所引起的破坏的示意图。当将石墨烯或石墨烯基材料施用于现有的基片，通常需施用压力从而促使膜和基片接触。这些压力可导致碎片穿过膜，从而造成图8所示类型的破坏，图8显示了在膜和现有第二基片之间的碎片引起的石墨烯或石墨烯基破坏的示意性SEM照片。与此相反，本文公开的方法将第二基片施用在现有的石墨烯或石墨烯基材料上。所述第二基片一般是通过溶液技术、气相沉积技术、静电纺丝技术或另一种能使第二基片部分包封石墨烯或石墨烯基材料上出现的任何碎片的技术来施用。
尽管本文所述的方法与带孔的二维材料联用时特别有优势，应当认识到，无论二维材料是否打孔，部分或所有的这些优势都会存在。例如，即使二维材料未经打孔，仍可以实现提高本发明支撑层的表面覆盖度和保形性。此外，可利用多孔、渗透性或基本无孔或无渗透的非牺牲性支撑层来实现本发明的特点和优势。进一步地说，即使本文所述的特定实施例中均将石墨烯或石墨烯基材料定义为二维材料，应当理解，除非另行说明，其它二维材料也可用于本发明类似的替换实施例中。因此，通过实施本文的内容，可以实现相当的灵活性。
在不同实施例中，将二维材料(如石墨烯或石墨烯基材料)从其生长基片上移除的方法可包括：提供附着至生长基片的二维材料，在二维材料附着于生长基片的同时将支撑层沉积于二维材料上，并将二维材料从生长基片上释放。二维材料从生长基片上释放后，所述二维材料仍保持与支撑层相接触。
所述二维材料可以是任何具有延展的平面分子结构和原子水平厚度的物质。二维材料的具体例子包括石墨烯薄膜、石墨烯基材料、过渡金属二硫化物、α-氮化硼、硅烯(silicene)或锗烯(germanene)或其他具有类似平面结构的材料。过渡金属二硫化物的具体例子包括二硫化钼和联硒化铌。本发明实施例的石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜可包括单层或多层薄膜或其组合。合适的二维材料的选择可根据很多因素来决定，包括石墨烯、石墨烯基材料或其它二维材料最终所处的化学和物理环境、二维材料打孔的容易度等等。
图1是夹在生长基片和支撑层之间的石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜的示意图。如图1所示，石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4位于其原始生长基片2上。可根据石墨烯或石墨烯基的最终所需的部署而对石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4作打孔或不打孔。在石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4沉积了支撑层6后，石墨烯或石墨烯薄膜4就夹在了生长基片2和支撑层6之间。支撑层6可以是多孔的、渗透性的或基本无孔或无渗透性的，取决于其所需的功能以及石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜所需的功能。
图2是在去除了生长基片2并释放了石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4之后，石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4仅与支撑层6相连时的示意图。在石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4和支撑层6之间建立起高度的表面保形性，从而维持了石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4的机械支撑。尽管图2显示完全去除了生长基片2，应当理解，并非一定要完全去除生长基片2。反而，只需要去除足够量的生长基片2就能够影响石墨烯薄膜4和支撑层6的释放从而形成图2所示的构型。对生长基片2的去除包括采用蚀刻溶液对生长基片进行蚀刻。在另一种构型中，可从生长基片2上剥离石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4和支撑层6从而使其自生长基片2上完好地分离。
图3是方法的示意图，其中在生长基片上可以形成石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料，并随后以支撑形式进行移除。如图3所示，在操作10的过程中将石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4沉积于生长基片2。之后，在操作20过程中，将支撑层6沉积于石墨烯或石墨烯薄膜4上，同时石墨烯或石墨烯薄膜4仍位于生长基片2上。下文对在石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4上成形、浇铸或沉积支撑层的合适方法进行了讨论。下文也对向石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4或支撑层6引入孔洞的其它操作也进行了具体讨论。最后，在操作30过程中，去除或释放生长基片2，留下经支撑层6支撑的石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4，从而形成复合结构32。
在更具体的实施方式中，所述生长基片包括金属。不同金属，尤其是过渡金属可有效促进二维材料在其上的生长。例如，在石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜的情况下，铜基片或镍基片作为生长基片就特别有效。在一些实施例中，所述生长基片可以基本上全由金属形成，例如金属箔。在其它实施例中，所述生长基片可包含金属表面。例如，在本发明不同实施方式中，具有金属表面涂层的陶瓷基质可作为生长基质。
在不同实施例中，将石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料从生长基片上释放包括对生长基片进行蚀刻。在不同实施例中，蚀刻生长基片以影响石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料的释放可包括溶解过程。因此，所述蚀刻操作可包括至少将生长基片暴露在蚀刻溶液中。特别适合于金属生长基片，尤其是铜和其它过渡金属的蚀刻溶液可包括过硫酸铵作为蚀刻活性成分。即，在一些实施方式中，对生长基片的蚀刻可包括采用过硫酸铵蚀刻溶液溶解至少一部分金属。其它氧化蚀刻剂也适用于溶解至少一部分本发明实施例的金属基片。其它合适的蚀刻剂的示例可包括含有例如铁盐(例如氯化铁)、铜盐、过硫酸钾、过氧化氢氨、过氧化物、烟酸、醋酸、氢氟酸、硝酸及其组合的蚀刻溶液。此外，电化学蚀刻技术可用于将石墨烯、石墨烯基材料或其它二维材料从金属生长基片上释放。
在另一实施例中，将石墨烯、石墨烯基材料或其它二维材料从生长基片上释放可包括将石墨烯、石墨烯基材料或其它二维材料从金属生长基质上剥离。示意性的剥离过程可包括，例如：在石墨烯或石墨烯基和生长基片之间电解产生氢气从而促进剥离。
在一些实施例中，支撑层和石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料可在没有另一第二基片的存在下使用。然而，在另一些情况下，仍需要将支撑层和石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料转移至第二基片。在一些实施例中，可通过蚀刻溶液以及任选的另一种溶液促进去除和转移过程。图4显示了示意性方法，其中，通过蚀刻溶液将石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜和多孔或渗透性支撑层从生长基片上脱开，然后转移至第二基片。如图4所示，蚀刻缸52中有蚀刻溶液50。生长基片2与蚀刻溶液50接触。在一些实施例中，所附着的石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4和支撑层6也可与蚀刻溶液50接触。在某些实施例中，生长基片2及其附着层可仅通过天然的浮力飘浮在蚀刻溶液50表面。在另一些实施例中，可利用高浮力材料例如泡沫来促进生长基片2及其附着层飘浮在蚀刻溶液50表面。所述高浮力材料还可包围生长基片2，从而一旦石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4从生长基片2移除时，就限制其横向移动。由于在操作60过程中蚀刻溶液50影响生长基片2的溶解，石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4和支撑层6保持飘浮在蚀刻溶液50上。随后，蚀刻缸52内蚀刻溶液50的水平可以降低从而将石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4及支撑层放至在第二基片8上，如操作70所示。任选地，石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4以及支撑层6可飘浮在不含活性蚀刻剂的不同液相上(如水或水-醇混合物)，并可以基本相同的方式将其降低至第二基片8上。一旦沉积到了第二基片8上，可移除石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4用于各种应用。类似的方法可用于操控通过机械剥离生产的石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4和支撑层6。
在图4中，石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4夹在第二基片8和支撑层6中。图5显示了支撑层6直接与第二基片8接触的另一种构造，其中石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜4直接面向外。产生图5结构的操作基本与图4所述的那些相似，但在反置的或翻面的堆栈上进行，即，从横截面看，支撑层6低于二维材料。在释放生长基片之前或在释放生长基片之后，可将堆栈反置或者翻转。当在生长基片释放后把堆栈反置或者翻转后，在反置或翻面操作过程中，二维材料仍与支撑层6保持充分接触从而预防二维材料的撕裂、折叠或其它破坏。
因此，在一些实施例中，本发明方法可包括将石墨烯、石墨烯基或其它二维材料转移至第二基片上。可用的第二基片也可以是多孔或渗透性的。例如，当构建含有带孔的石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜和多孔或渗透性支撑层的过滤膜时，第二基片也可以是多孔的或渗透性的从而使液体在堆栈结构中自由流动。
可以认为，只要所选择的材料适合于石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料的附着，任何材料均可用于形成第二基片或支撑层。层间的高度保形性可促进石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜和/或堆栈结构的诸层之间的附着，而诸层间的保形接触可改善范德华力、非传导性力、共价键和/或离子键。在第二基片和/或支撑层中形成合适的多孔性的能力也能决定具体材料的合适度。材料的例子可以包括，例如各种聚合物、陶瓷、碳格栅等。
如上所述，第二基片可在本发明多个实施例中视需要而省略。即，石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜及其附着的支撑层可在最终部署在多种应用中。因此，当在没有第二基片存在下利用石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜及其附着的支撑层时，可省略转移操作。(例如，图4和5的操作60)。
在不同实施例中，本发明支持层在其内部可以有大量的孔洞。在一些实施例中，当支撑层在石墨烯、石墨烯基材料或其它二维材料上沉积时，可自然引入多个孔。在另一些实施例中，当支撑层沉积后，再分别在支撑层中引入多个孔。在任一情况中，本发明的方法可包括向支撑层中引入多个孔。下文更具体地描述了沉积或形成孔或渗透性支撑层的适用技术。
在一些实施例中，所述支撑层可在其厚度上具有“孔径梯度”。本文所用的“孔径梯度”指的是支撑层中的多个孔，各孔洞直径随着穿过孔中心的一条虚拟线增大或缩小。例如，支撑层具有的孔径在接近二维材料表面或沿着液流或气流的方向降低或减小。在这一实施例中，支撑层的孔径在接近二维材料的表面小于支撑层对侧的。
在一些实施例中，支撑层在其整个厚度上可具有“多孔性梯度”。如本文所用，“多孔性梯度”是指沿着支撑层维度的“多孔性”中的变化情况或一层中所有孔的体积与整层体积之比。例如，贯穿多孔支撑层的厚度，多孔性可以以规则或不规则的方式变化。通常，多孔性梯度沿着支撑层的一面向另一面降低。例如，支撑层中多孔性最低的可以在空间上位于最接近石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料，而多孔性最高的可以位于更远处。这种类型的多孔性梯度可以通过在二维材料上作静电纺丝获得，这样纤维垫在接近二维材料表面处的密度较高而在远离二维材料的表面处的密度较低。
在一些实施例中，支撑层可在其整个厚度中都具有“渗透性梯度”。如本文所用，“渗透性梯度”描述了“渗透性”在沿着支撑层维度上的变化或液体或气体穿过多孔材料的流速。例如，贯穿支撑层的厚度，渗透性可以以规则或不规则的方式变化。通常，渗透梯度从支撑层的一个面向另一个面降低。例如，支撑层中渗透性最低的可以在空间上最接近石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料，而渗透性最高的可以位于更远处。本领域技术人员应理解层的渗透性可以上升或降低而没有孔洞直径或多孔性的变化，例如，对化学功能化、所施压力或其它因素起反应。
在不同实施例中，可对所述支撑层的厚度和结构进行选择从而在石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料从生长基片上去除后赋予所需程度的结构支撑(例如，防止撕裂或弯曲)。在不同实施例中，所述支撑层的厚度可以是约1mm或更薄。在更具体的实施例中，支撑层的厚度范围约为500nm至100μm之间，或在1μm至50μm之间，或在1微米至10微米之间。
在一些实施例中，石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料以及支撑层可在其内部含有多个孔。当二维材料和支撑层均含有孔时，二维材料中的孔通常小于支撑层的孔。例如，在一些实施例中，所述支撑层所含有的孔的大小可约为1μm或更大，而所述石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料所含有的孔可约为10nm或更小。因此，在不同实施例中，石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其二维材料中孔的大小或直径至少比支撑层内孔的大小或直径小十倍，而在其它实施例中，石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其二维材料中孔的大小或直径至少比支撑层内孔的大小或直径小一百倍。
向石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料引入多个孔的技术没有特别限制，可以包括各种化学和物理的打孔技术。适合的打孔技术可包括，例如：粒子轰击、化学氧化、光刻蚀刻或其任意的组合。在一些实施例中，对石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜上进行的打孔以产生孔洞可与在支撑层建立孔洞一起进行。在一些实施例中，在沉积支撑层之前，可对石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料施行打孔工艺。在一些实施例中，可在石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料附着于其生长基片的同时在石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料中引入孔洞。在另一实施例中，可在石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料从其生长基片上释放后再对石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料进行打孔，例如通过对生长基质进行蚀刻。
在不同实施例中，所述支撑层可以由多孔性或渗透性聚合物或多孔性或渗透性陶瓷材料形成。下文讨论了沉积用这些材料形成的支撑层的合适技术。
多孔性或渗透性聚合物可以通过多种方法沉积或形成并用于制造气体分离或微过滤应用的膜。在石墨烯或石墨烯基膜或其它二维材料上沉积或形成多孔性或渗透性聚合物的合适技术可包括向石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料上浇铸或沉积聚合物溶液，采用的方法包括旋涂、淋涂、刀刮、浸镀、静电纺丝等其它类似技术。在石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料上形成多孔性或渗透性支撑层的合适聚合物并没有特别限制，例如，聚砜类、聚醚砜类(PES)、聚氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚丙烯、醋酸纤维素、聚乙烯、聚碳酸酯、氟碳聚合物例如聚四氟乙烯、及其混合物和大量共聚物。后文有这些技术及其它内容的进一步描述。
在一些实施例中，在石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料上形成支撑层的方法可包括静电纺丝法，其中，大量聚合丝状物在石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料上随机排列从而形成多孔垫。随着支撑层上丝状物的沉积，多孔垫可具有孔洞。图6显示了石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜沉积在大量静电纺丝PVDF纤维上的示意性SEM照片。在某些实施例中，静电纺丝方法可构成湿性静电纺丝法，而在其它实施例中则是干性静电纺丝法。在干性静电纺丝法中，支撑层的纺成纤维一旦沉积后就作为主要离散实体而保留。与之相对的，湿性静电纺丝法可将纺成的纤维进行沉积从而使它们在沉积的时候至少部分融合在一起。因此，通过静电纺丝法沉积的纤维垫可以在大小和形态上都实现非常好的柔韧性。这些因素可以影响所述支撑层的多孔性程度以及有效孔径。支撑层的厚度也可影响有效多孔性。在一些实施例中，如上所述，静电纺丝法可用于在支撑层内形成多孔性梯度。支撑层的多孔性可包括有效多孔性数值最高95％且孔洞大小范围较大。在一些实施例中，可移动单个喷丝头来排列支撑层的多孔垫。在另一实施例中，可采用多个喷丝头来达到这个目的。在一些实施例中，静电纺丝支撑层中纺成纤维的纤维直径范围约在10nm到约1μm之间，或约在10nm到约500nm之间，或约在20nm到约100nm之间。尽管有效孔径可以较大且在静电纺丝纤维支撑层中各有不同，但该纤维仍易于在石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其二维材料脱离其生长基片后提供机械稳定性。
在一些实施例中，可通过溶液涂覆法将支撑层沉积到石墨烯或石墨烯基或其它二维材料上，尤其是聚合物薄膜支撑层。示例性溶液涂覆法可包括浸渍涂覆法、旋涂法、喷涂法等等或其任意组合。牺牲性材料可包含在涂覆溶液中或可与涂覆溶液共沉积，从而使牺牲性材料存在于已沉积的聚合物薄膜中。牺牲性材料可构成可降解材料、可去除材料或可溶解材料，其可在支撑层沉积后降解、去除或溶解从而向其中引入多个孔。如本文所有，术语“可降解的”指的是化学和物理降解过程，例如化学分解、融化等等。对牺牲性材料的大小进行选择，从而在牺牲性材料去除后在支撑层内形成所需大小的孔洞。通常，只要其降解、去除或溶解不会去除或实质性破坏支撑层材料，任何牺牲性材料均可使用。牺牲性材料的例子可包括，例如可溶性盐、可溶性化合物、可降解聚合粒子、蜡、低熔点合金等等。在这些方法的实施例中，当石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料附着至其生长基片上时，可以打开支撑层内的孔洞。在另一实施例中，所述孔洞可以在石墨烯、石墨烯基材料或其它二维材料从其生长基片上脱离后或其同时打开。因此，在不同实施例中，可采用溶剂交换或热退火工艺来打开支撑层内的孔洞。用于在支撑层内形成孔洞的基于溶解的方法据信比完全去除牺牲性支撑层更易操作，因为在更牢固的支撑层材料中可含有易溶解、可去除或可降解的材料。
在另一些实施例中，牺牲性材料可在支撑层的溶液相沉积之前就沉积在石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料上。只要沉积层的厚度让牺牲性材料保持可触及，在支撑层内就可以形成多个孔。例如，可以调整支撑层的厚度从而使其小于牺牲性材料的有效直径，从而在去除牺牲性材料后在支撑层内形成孔洞。
在形成支撑层的还有另一些实施例中，非降解性粒子可与共聚物共沉积从而提高聚合物链之间的自由体积分数(fractional free volume)。通过提高自由体积分数，支撑层的有效渗透率可通过建立无分散孔洞的溶液-扩散层而得以提高。这些支撑层的示范性例子包括通过NAFION(磺化四氟乙烯共聚物，对阳离子运动可选择性通过)形成的那些。根据本发明不同实施方式，这些支撑层还宜与带孔的石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它带孔的二维材料联用。
还可采用其它方法在石墨烯和石墨烯薄膜或其它二维材料上沉积多孔性或渗透性形式的支撑层。尤其是对于非聚合性支撑层。在一些实施例中，原子层沉积(ALD)、化学气相沉积(CVD)、物理气相沉积(PVD)或其它已知的技术可用于沉积由陶瓷材料形成的多孔性或渗透性支撑层。例如，通过ALD可以形成氧化铝多孔性或渗透性支撑层。由ALD沉积的多孔性或渗透性支撑层具有最高约200个独立层且其厚度范围约为10nm至20nm。在有些实施例中，如上所述的牺牲性材料可用于向经ALD沉积的支撑层内引入多个孔。
在另一些实施例中，可采用多种光刻技术以在原先基本无孔的现有支撑层上形成出多个孔。形成多个孔可以是有序的或者天然随机的。本领域技术人员对合适的光刻技术较为熟悉。当将二维材料从生长基片上进行如下移除时，可以从石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜的上缘或下缘进行光刻在支撑层中产生孔洞(如图2所示)。如果穿透深度足够深，支撑层上缘孔洞的生成还可以在二维材料中引入相似大小的多个孔，或者，只有在穿透深度不足以穿透二维材料时，可在支撑层内形成孔洞。相反，支撑层内下缘孔洞的生成可导致二维材料和支撑层都出现孔洞，因为光刻束在穿透支撑层的过程中不得不穿过二维材料。
在另一实施例中，支撑层可包括带孔的石墨烯、石墨烯基材料或其它带孔的二维材料，其所具有的孔洞大于其上沉积有支撑层的带孔石墨烯、石墨烯基质材料或其它带孔二维材料的孔洞。在一具体实施例中，石墨烯或石墨烯基材料可在其生长基片上应用光刻罩，则石墨或石墨烯基材料中则会密集产生多个大的穿孔(如大小为100nm或更大)。然后，可将光刻罩留在石墨烯或石墨烯材料上并去除生长基片，从而提供经光刻罩支撑的带孔石墨烯或石墨烯基材料。然后，所述经光刻罩支撑的带孔石墨烯或石墨烯基材料可在石墨烯表面与石墨烯表面之间相连从而为含有较小孔洞的石墨烯或石墨烯基材料产生混合支撑层。在两个石墨烯或石墨烯基材料表面之间，通过范德华力产生良好的附着。在将生长基片从含有较小孔洞的带孔石墨烯或石墨烯基材料上去除后，光刻罩可如本文所述的向复合结构提供机械支撑。
在一些实施例中，所述支撑层、所述第二基片(若有的话)或二者均可作官能化。具体地，所述支撑层和/或所述第二基片可具有官能团，其提高了石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料的兼容性和附着程度。在某些实施例中，所述支撑层和/或所述第二基片可具有功能基团，其促进与石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜或其它二维材料上的功能团形成共价键。石墨烯或石墨烯材料内存在的残留官能团可包括：例如，羧酸、醇类、环氧化物、羰基化合物等等。因此，与石墨烯或石墨烯基材料形成共价键可涉及如下部分的形成，例如，酯类、醚类、醛类、醇类、酰胺、羰基加成化合物，环氧加成化合物等等。
因此，在某些实施例中，本文所描述的方法可包括提供附着于生长基片的石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜，对所述薄膜进行打孔从而向其引入多个孔，在所述薄膜附着于所述生长基片的同时，在薄膜上沉积支撑层，和将所述薄膜从所述生长基片上释放。所述石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜在薄膜从所述生长基片释放后仍保持与所述支撑层相接触。所述生长基片可以包括金属。所述支撑层也可含有多个孔。
在一些实施例中，本文所述的方法可包括采用含有石墨烯或石墨烯基和支撑层的复合结构进行过滤操作。所述过滤操作包括超滤、微滤、纳米滤、分子滤、反渗透或其组合。由带孔石墨烯或石墨烯基材料过滤的材料可以是任何材料，其使得所需的滤液通过带孔石墨烯或石墨烯基材料内的孔洞，而大多数材料留在石墨烯或石墨烯基材料的另一侧。采用含有纳米级或亚纳米级孔的石墨烯或石墨烯基材料过滤的材料包括：例如小分子、病毒、蛋白等等。在一些实施例中，本文所述经支撑的石墨烯或石墨烯基材料可用于水脱盐、裂隙相分离(gap-phase separation)或水净化应用。
因此，在多个实施例中，带孔石墨烯或石墨烯基材料和支撑层的组合、任选地与多孔性或渗透性第二基片的组合可以构成过滤膜的至少一部分。含有带孔石墨烯或石墨烯基材料以及含孔支撑层的过滤膜的示例性构造如本文附图所示。
尽管本发明参考了所公开的实施例进行描述，本领域技术人员容易理解，这些仅是本发明的示范性例子。应理解，在不脱离本发明宗旨的情况下可以有多重变形。本发明可通过引入大量上文未提及的变体、选择、替代或等同安排而进行修饰，但这些都与本发明宗旨和范围相符。此外，在描述本发明的不同实施例时，应理解本发明方面可以仅包括所描述的实施例中的一部分。因此，本发明并不为以下描述所限制。
除非另行说明，对所描述或示例的成分的每一种提法或组合均可以用于本发明的实施。化合物的具体命名可以是示例性的，正如本领域普通技术人员知道可以对相同的化合物进行不同命名。当本文描述一个化合物时，并没有将化合物的具体同分异构体或对映异构体进行特别指出，例如，在化学式或化学名中，该描述可以独立地包括所述化合物的同分异构体或对映异构体或其任意的组合。本领域技术人员应理解除了具体例举的该方法、设备元件、起始材料和合成材料均可在不需过度实验的情况下用于本发明实施。本发明可包括任意本领域所知的功能对等的方法、设备元件、起始材料和合成方法。
无论说明书中是否提及的范围，例如温度范围、时间范围、或组合物范围，所有给出的范围内所包括的中间范围和亚范围以及个体数值，均包括在本发明内。当本文采用了马库什基团或其它基团，所有基团的独立个体或所有组合或所述基团的亚组合都可各自包括在本发明中。
如本文所用，“包括”与“含有”“包含”或“特征在于”相同，是包容性的或开放式结尾且并不排除其它额外的、未描述的元素或方法步骤。如本文所用，“由……组成”则排除任何元素、步骤或未在权利要求部分中提及的组分。如本文所用，“基本上由……组成”并不排除会从本质上影响权利要求基础和新特征的材料或步骤。本文中，任何提及“包括”术语的，尤其是组合物成分的描述或设备元件的描述，应理解为包括了那些由及主要由所提及组分或部件的组合物和方法。本发明合适的示例性描述可在缺乏本发明未具体描述的一个或多个部件、一个或多个限制下实施。
所采用的术语和表达是作为描述而非限制，并未采用这些排除了所呈现和所描述的任何等同特征或其部分的术语和表达，但应理解，本发明的权利要求的范围可以包括不同的变体。因此，应理解，尽管本发明通过优选实施例进行具体描述，本文公开的任选的特征、变体和概念的变换可由本领域技术人员获知，而这些改变和变体则被视为在本发明所附权利要求的范围内。
通常，本文所用的术语和短语含有其为领域所认可的意义，可通过参考标准的教科书、文献参考和本领域技术人员所知的上下文而获得。前述的定义用于澄清其在本文上下文中的具体作用。
所有本申请中涉及的参考文献，例如专利文件(包括批准或授权专利或等同物)、专利申请公开文本以及非专利文献或其它来源的材料，均在此以引用的方式全文并入本文，正如各自通过引用纳入一样，纳入程度为各参考文献与本申请的纳入部分不一致(例如，部分不一致的参考文献通过引入纳入，除了该文献不一致的部分)。
本说明书中提及的所有专利和公开文本均代表了本发明所述领域技术人员的技术水平。本文所引用的参考文献被全文引用从而表示出目前的技术水平，有些情况下是其申请日，且意味着这是可以采用的信息，如果需要，可以排除(如排他性权利要求)现有技术中已有的具体实施方式。例如，当权利要求主张了一个化合物，应理解，现有技术中已知的化合物，包括参考文献中公开的某个化合物(尤其是参考的专利文献)，是不包括在本发明权利要求中的。

Claims (26)

1.一种方法，包括：
提供附着至生长基片的二维材料；
在二维材料附着于生长基片的同时将支撑层沉积于二维材料上；和
将二维材料从生长基片上释放，在二维材料从生长基片上释放后，所述二维材料仍保持与支撑层相接触。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，将二维材料从生长基片上释放包括对所述生长基片进行蚀刻。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述二维材料包括石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜、过渡金属的二硫化物、α-氮化硼、硅烯、锗烯或其组合。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述支撑层的厚度为1mm或更低。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，还包含：
向所述支撑层引入多个孔。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述支撑层包括通过湿性静电纺丝法或干性静电纺丝法在二维材料上形成的大量聚合物丝，在沉积支撑层的同时在支撑层中引入多个孔。
7.如权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述支撑层包括涂覆于所述二维材料上的聚合薄膜，所述聚合薄膜还包括牺牲性材料，其在沉积在所述支撑层后降解、去除或溶解以在支撑层引入多个孔。
8.如权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述支撑层在其整个厚度中具有多孔性梯度。
9.如权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述支撑层包括通过原子层沉积法沉积的陶瓷材料。
10.如权利要求5所述的方法，还包括：
在二维材料上打孔从而向其引入多个孔，所述二维材料中的多个孔比在所述支撑层中的多个孔至少小10倍。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中，在支撑层沉积之前，对二维材料进行打孔。
12.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中，在二维材料沉积从生长基片释放后，对所述二维材料进行打孔。
13.如权利要求10所述的方法，还包括，将所述二维材料和所述支撑层转移至第二基片。
14.如权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
对所述二维材料进行打孔从而向其引入多个孔。
15.一种方法，包括：
提供附着至生长基片的石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜，所述生长基片含有金属；
对石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜进行打孔从而向其中引入多个孔；
在石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜附着于生长基片的同时，将支撑层沉积于石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜上；所述支撑层也含有多个孔；和
将所述石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜从所述生长基片上释放，在薄膜从所述生长基片上释放后，所述石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜保持与所述支撑层相接触。
16.如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，将石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜从生长基片上释放包括对所述生长基片进行蚀刻。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法，其中，对所述生长基片进行的蚀刻包括采用蚀刻溶液至少部分溶解金属。
18.如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，在其上沉积支撑层之前，对石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜进行打孔。
19.如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，在石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜从生长基片上释放之后，对石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜进行打孔。
20.如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜中的多个孔比在所述支撑层中的多个孔至少小10倍。
21.如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述支撑层的厚度为1mm或更低。
22.如权利要求15所述的方法，还包括：
将石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜和所述支撑层转移到第二基片上。
23.如权利要求22所述的方法，其中，所述第二基片含有多个孔。
24.如权利要求22所述的方法，其中，所述石墨烯或石墨烯基薄膜夹在第二基片和所述支撑层之间。
25.如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述支撑层含有多孔性或渗透性聚合物或多孔性或渗透性陶瓷材料。
26.一种过滤膜，含有打孔的石墨烯或石墨烯基材料和支撑层，所述过滤膜由权利要求15所述的方法制备。
CN201580006832.7A 2014-01-31 2015-01-29 采用多孔非牺牲性支撑层的二维材料形成复合结构的方法 Pending CN106029596A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201461934537P 2014-01-31 2014-01-31
US61/934,537 2014-01-31
PCT/US2015/013599 WO2015116857A2 (en) 2014-01-31 2015-01-29 Processes for forming composite structures with a two-dimensional material using a porous, non-sacrificial supporting layer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106029596A true CN106029596A (zh) 2016-10-12

Family

ID=53754023

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201580006832.7A Pending CN106029596A (zh) 2014-01-31 2015-01-29 采用多孔非牺牲性支撑层的二维材料形成复合结构的方法

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US10500546B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3099645A4 (zh)
JP (1) JP2017507044A (zh)
KR (1) KR20160142282A (zh)
CN (1) CN106029596A (zh)
AU (1) AU2015210875A1 (zh)
CA (1) CA2938305A1 (zh)
IL (1) IL247006A0 (zh)
SG (1) SG11201606287VA (zh)
TW (1) TW201544453A (zh)
WO (1) WO2015116857A2 (zh)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107999280A (zh) * 2017-12-01 2018-05-08 青岛中科鹏润节能技术有限公司 一种包含石墨烯的电吸附精制滤芯及其制造方法
CN108793145A (zh) * 2018-06-30 2018-11-13 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 一种原子级厚度石墨烯/氮化硼复合异质薄膜及制备
CN112023716A (zh) * 2020-09-21 2020-12-04 北京石墨烯研究院 纳米孔石墨烯分离膜及其制备方法
CN112023719A (zh) * 2020-09-21 2020-12-04 北京石墨烯研究院 支撑层及其制备方法、复合膜及其应用
CN112469665A (zh) * 2018-05-22 2021-03-09 Etx公司 用于二维材料的转移的方法和装置

Families Citing this family (49)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9475709B2 (en) 2010-08-25 2016-10-25 Lockheed Martin Corporation Perforated graphene deionization or desalination
KR20140146131A (ko) 2012-03-21 2014-12-24 록히드 마틴 코포레이션 활성화 가스 스트림을 사용하여 그래핀을 천공하기 위한 방법들 및 그것으로부터 제조되는 천공된 그래핀
US9463421B2 (en) 2012-03-29 2016-10-11 Lockheed Martin Corporation Planar filtration and selective isolation and recovery device
US10980919B2 (en) 2016-04-14 2021-04-20 Lockheed Martin Corporation Methods for in vivo and in vitro use of graphene and other two-dimensional materials
US9834809B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2017-12-05 Lockheed Martin Corporation Syringe for obtaining nano-sized materials for selective assays and related methods of use
US10376845B2 (en) 2016-04-14 2019-08-13 Lockheed Martin Corporation Membranes with tunable selectivity
US10203295B2 (en) 2016-04-14 2019-02-12 Lockheed Martin Corporation Methods for in situ monitoring and control of defect formation or healing
US10653824B2 (en) 2012-05-25 2020-05-19 Lockheed Martin Corporation Two-dimensional materials and uses thereof
US9744617B2 (en) 2014-01-31 2017-08-29 Lockheed Martin Corporation Methods for perforating multi-layer graphene through ion bombardment
US9610546B2 (en) 2014-03-12 2017-04-04 Lockheed Martin Corporation Separation membranes formed from perforated graphene and methods for use thereof
US9592475B2 (en) 2013-03-12 2017-03-14 Lockheed Martin Corporation Method for forming perforated graphene with uniform aperture size
CN105102105A (zh) 2013-03-13 2015-11-25 洛克希德马丁公司 纳米多孔薄膜及其制造方法
US9480952B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2016-11-01 Lockheed Martin Corporation Methods for chemical reaction perforation of atomically thin materials
US9572918B2 (en) 2013-06-21 2017-02-21 Lockheed Martin Corporation Graphene-based filter for isolating a substance from blood
WO2015112122A1 (en) * 2014-01-21 2015-07-30 Empire Technology Development Llc Graphene membranes and methods for making and using the same
CN106029596A (zh) 2014-01-31 2016-10-12 洛克希德马丁公司 采用多孔非牺牲性支撑层的二维材料形成复合结构的方法
EP3100297A4 (en) 2014-01-31 2017-12-13 Lockheed Martin Corporation Perforating two-dimensional materials using broad ion field
EP3116625A4 (en) 2014-03-12 2017-12-20 Lockheed Martin Corporation Separation membranes formed from perforated graphene
WO2015138808A1 (en) * 2014-03-12 2015-09-17 Lockheed Martin Corporation Graphene-based molecular separation and sequestration device
US9902141B2 (en) 2014-03-14 2018-02-27 University Of Maryland Layer-by-layer assembly of graphene oxide membranes via electrostatic interaction and eludication of water and solute transport mechanisms
KR102232418B1 (ko) * 2014-04-29 2021-03-29 엘지전자 주식회사 그래핀 멤브레인 및 그 제조 방법
EP3188823A4 (en) 2014-09-02 2018-04-25 Lockheed Martin Corporation Hemodialysis and hemofiltration membranes based upon a two-dimensional membrane material and methods employing same
CN104538562B (zh) * 2015-01-15 2017-04-26 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种oled器件及其封装方法和封装装置
CA2994549A1 (en) 2015-08-05 2017-02-09 Lockheed Martin Corporation Perforatable sheets of graphene-based material
EP3331585A4 (en) * 2015-08-06 2019-05-15 Lockheed Martin Corporation IMPLANTABLE GRAPHIC MEMBRANES WITH LOW CYTOTOXICITY
KR20180059429A (ko) 2015-08-06 2018-06-04 록히드 마틴 코포레이션 낮은 세포독성을 가진 이식가능한 그래핀 막
WO2017023377A1 (en) 2015-08-06 2017-02-09 Lockheed Martin Corporation Nanoparticle modification and perforation of graphene
EP3359639A4 (en) 2015-10-07 2018-11-14 The Regents of the University of California Graphene-based multi-modal sensors
US20170194656A1 (en) * 2015-12-30 2017-07-06 Lockheed Martin Corporation Perforated 2d flow battery separators
EP3211660A1 (en) * 2016-02-23 2017-08-30 Nokia Technologies Oy Methods and apparatus for thin film manipulation
CN105702625B (zh) * 2016-04-12 2017-11-03 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 柔性基板的剥离方法
KR20190019907A (ko) 2016-04-14 2019-02-27 록히드 마틴 코포레이션 자유-플로팅 방법을 사용한 대규모 이송을 위한 그래핀 시트 취급 방법
SG11201809016QA (en) 2016-04-14 2018-11-29 Lockheed Corp Selective interfacial mitigation of graphene defects
JP2019517909A (ja) 2016-04-14 2019-06-27 ロッキード・マーチン・コーポレーション 流路を有する二次元膜構造体
CN105920920B (zh) * 2016-05-27 2017-11-24 山东乐康电器科技有限公司 一种基于石墨烯材料过滤网制作工艺
US10906010B2 (en) 2017-04-06 2021-02-02 The University Of Western Ontario Method of production of nanoporous membranes for water purification from metal ions at low differential pressures
KR102600168B1 (ko) * 2018-02-05 2023-11-08 티엔티에스 주식회사 그래핀 박리 방법 및 장치
US10449497B2 (en) * 2018-03-07 2019-10-22 Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated Methods of making graphene oxide nanofilters
EP3539644B1 (en) * 2018-03-13 2024-04-03 Gaznat SA Graphene membrane filter for gas separation
CN108793100B (zh) * 2018-06-30 2020-04-24 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 一种原子级厚度石墨烯/氮化硼复合异质薄膜转移方法
WO2020014359A1 (en) * 2018-07-11 2020-01-16 Tetrels Technology Corporation Devices and methods for water treatment
JP2022533140A (ja) 2019-05-15 2022-07-21 ヴィア セパレイションズ，インコーポレイテッド 耐久性のある酸化グラフェン膜
EP3969158A1 (en) * 2019-05-15 2022-03-23 Via Separations, Inc. Filtration apparatus containing graphene oxide membrane
KR102249313B1 (ko) * 2020-01-02 2021-05-07 성균관대학교산학협력단 무선 주파수 안테나 구조체 및 이의 제조방법
KR20210116770A (ko) 2020-03-13 2021-09-28 삼성전자주식회사 펠리클 전사 장치 및 펠리클 전사 방법
CN111863624B (zh) * 2020-06-12 2022-06-17 南开大学 一种二维材料半导体薄膜的大规模制备及图案化方法及二维材料半导体薄膜
US20230310693A1 (en) * 2020-08-19 2023-10-05 Cytosorbents Corporation Therapeutic And Cosmetic Wound Treatment
CN112811536B (zh) * 2020-12-15 2022-06-14 华南理工大学 一种石墨毡负载二维层状纳米片的电芬顿阴极材料及其制备方法与应用
WO2023097166A1 (en) 2021-11-29 2023-06-01 Via Separations, Inc. Heat exchanger integration with membrane system for evaporator pre-concentration

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100021708A1 (en) * 2008-04-14 2010-01-28 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Large-Area Single- and Few-Layer Graphene on Arbitrary Substrates
US20130192461A1 (en) * 2012-01-27 2013-08-01 Empire Technology Development, Llc Accelerating transport through graphene membranes
US20130270188A1 (en) * 2012-03-15 2013-10-17 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Graphene based filter

Family Cites Families (617)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2187417A (en) 1938-12-30 1940-01-16 Ralph N Doble Tea bag, coffee bag, and the like
US3024153A (en) 1958-08-25 1962-03-06 Kennedy Ted Method of forming a pipe covering
US3303085A (en) 1962-02-28 1967-02-07 Gen Electric Molecular sieves and methods for producing same
US3501831A (en) 1968-06-17 1970-03-24 Rogers Corp Eyelet
GB1271423A (en) 1968-06-27 1972-04-19 Gen Electric Improvements relating to the manufacture of sheets having holes therein by an etching process
FR2048130A5 (zh) 1969-12-05 1971-03-19 Swank Roy
US3692059A (en) 1970-06-03 1972-09-19 Hydro Vel Services Inc Tube plugging tool positioner
US3701433A (en) 1970-11-10 1972-10-31 Pall Corp Filter for use in the filtration of blood
US3896733A (en) 1973-10-18 1975-07-29 Pall Corp Autotransfusion apparatus
AR205025A1 (es) 1974-04-19 1976-03-31 Johnson & Johnson Medios para filtrar sangre
GB1527592A (en) * 1974-08-05 1978-10-04 Ici Ltd Wound dressing
US4162220A (en) 1977-01-03 1979-07-24 Johnson & Johnson Blood filter
US4303530A (en) 1977-10-26 1981-12-01 Medical Incorporated Blood filter
US4159954A (en) 1978-02-24 1979-07-03 Gangemi Ronald J Isolator filter
US4277344A (en) 1979-02-22 1981-07-07 Filmtec Corporation Interfacially synthesized reverse osmosis membrane
US4457747A (en) 1980-05-30 1984-07-03 Tu Ho C Exchange transfusion machine
EP0109784B1 (en) 1982-11-15 1987-04-15 Gec Avionics Limited Inertial systems
US4743371A (en) 1983-04-08 1988-05-10 Shiley, Inc. Blood filter
US4935207A (en) 1986-04-01 1990-06-19 The Johns Hopkins University Capacitive chemical sensor using an ion exchange surface
US4855058A (en) 1986-06-24 1989-08-08 Hydranautics High recovery spiral wound membrane element
US4804363A (en) 1986-07-16 1989-02-14 Autologous Blood Corporation Apparatus and method for storing and processing blood
US5052444A (en) 1987-04-30 1991-10-01 The Fluorocarbon Company Reinforced fluid hose having on-bonded tape
US5580530A (en) 1987-07-30 1996-12-03 Johnson & Johnson Medical, Inc. Device for vapor sterilization of articles having lumens
US4976858A (en) 1987-08-12 1990-12-11 Toyo Roki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Multi-layer filter medium
US5182111A (en) 1987-11-17 1993-01-26 Boston University Research Foundation In vivo delivery of active factors by co-cultured cell implants
US4891134A (en) 1988-01-25 1990-01-02 Abbott Laboratories Sample filtration device
US4880440A (en) 1988-09-12 1989-11-14 Union Carbide Corporation Hollow fiber multimembrane cells and permeators
DE3855498D1 (de) 1988-10-19 1996-10-02 Khodai Joopary Arastoo Membrantrennverfahren für Gase, Isotope und Flüssigkeiten
US4889626A (en) 1988-11-17 1989-12-26 Memron, Inc. Filter cartridge having a tunable asymmetric fluoropolymer alloy filter membrane
US4925560A (en) 1989-02-02 1990-05-15 Sorrick Charles H Clog resistant high efficiency filter media
US5080770A (en) 1989-09-11 1992-01-14 Culkin Joseph B Apparatus and method for separating particles
US5922304A (en) 1989-12-22 1999-07-13 Imarx Pharmaceutical Corp. Gaseous precursor filled microspheres as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents
US5244981A (en) 1990-04-10 1993-09-14 Permeable Technologies, Inc. Silicone-containing contact lens polymers, oxygen permeable contact lenses and methods for making these lenses and treating patients with visual impairment
US5314960A (en) 1990-04-10 1994-05-24 Permeable Technologies, Inc. Silicone-containing polymers, oxygen permeable hydrophilic contact lenses and methods for making these lenses and treating patients with visual impairment
US5314961A (en) 1990-10-11 1994-05-24 Permeable Technologies, Inc. Silicone-containing polymers, compositions and improved oxygen permeable hydrophilic contact lenses
US5371147A (en) 1990-10-11 1994-12-06 Permeable Technologies, Inc. Silicone-containing acrylic star polymers, block copolymers and macromonomers
US5082476A (en) * 1990-10-19 1992-01-21 Donaldson Company, Inc. Filtration arrangement and method
US5344454A (en) 1991-07-24 1994-09-06 Baxter International Inc. Closed porous chambers for implanting tissue in a host
DE4040106A1 (de) 1990-12-12 1992-06-17 Mecron Med Prod Gmbh Hohlschaftprothese
CA2037988A1 (en) 1991-03-11 1992-09-12 Otto Sova Continuous flow method and apparatus for separating substances in solution
EP0585368B1 (en) 1991-04-25 1997-08-06 Brown University Research Foundation Implantable biocompatible immunoisolatory vehicle for delivery of selected therapeutic products
US5201767A (en) 1991-07-15 1993-04-13 Johnson & Johnson Orthopaedics, Inc. Fluted-wedge osteal prosthetic component
US5185086A (en) 1991-07-16 1993-02-09 Steven Kaali Method and system for treatment of blood and/or other body fluids and/or synthetic fluids using combined filter elements and electric field forces
AU2502592A (en) 1991-08-23 1993-03-16 Denise Faustman Implantable immunoisolated therapeutic devices
FR2680975B1 (fr) 1991-09-10 1998-12-31 Hospal Ind Rein artificiel muni de moyens pour doser une substance dans le sang.
US5679249A (en) 1991-12-24 1997-10-21 Pall Corporation Dynamic filter system
AU3334193A (en) 1991-12-24 1993-07-28 Pall Corporation Dynamic filter system
JP3261685B2 (ja) 1992-01-31 2002-03-04 キヤノン株式会社 半導体素子基体及びその作製方法
GB9206504D0 (en) 1992-03-25 1992-05-06 Jevco Ltd Heteromorphic sponges as wound implants
US5314492A (en) 1992-05-11 1994-05-24 Johnson & Johnson Orthopaedics, Inc. Composite prosthesis
US5565210A (en) 1993-03-22 1996-10-15 Johnson & Johnson Medical, Inc. Bioabsorbable wound implant materials
US5679232A (en) 1993-04-19 1997-10-21 Electrocopper Products Limited Process for making wire
US6213124B1 (en) 1993-04-23 2001-04-10 Johnson & Johnson Medical, Inc. Surgical drape with a sealable pouch
ATE183078T1 (de) 1993-08-10 1999-08-15 Gore & Ass Zelleinkapselungsvorrichtung
DK0802800T3 (da) 1993-08-12 2002-10-07 Neurotech Sa Biokompatible immunoisolatoriske kapsler indeholdende genetisk ændrede celler for levering af biologisk aktive molekyler
US5932185A (en) 1993-08-23 1999-08-03 The Regents Of The University Of California Method for making thin carbon foam electrodes
GB2282328B (en) 1993-09-29 1997-10-08 Johnson & Johnson Medical Absorbable structures for ligament and tendon repair
CA2142636C (en) 1994-02-18 2005-09-20 Salvatore Caldarise Implantable articles with as-cast macrotextured surface regions and method of manufacturing the same
CA2142634C (en) 1994-02-18 2005-09-20 Salvatore Caldarise Self-lubricating implantable articulation member
US5665118A (en) 1994-02-18 1997-09-09 Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. Bone prostheses with direct cast macrotextured surface regions and method for manufacturing the same
US5516522A (en) 1994-03-14 1996-05-14 Board Of Supervisors Of Louisiana State University Biodegradable porous device for long-term drug delivery with constant rate release and method of making the same
US6105235A (en) 1994-04-28 2000-08-22 Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. Ceramic/metallic articulation component and prosthesis
US5425858A (en) 1994-05-20 1995-06-20 The Regents Of The University Of California Method and apparatus for capacitive deionization, electrochemical purification, and regeneration of electrodes
US6309532B1 (en) 1994-05-20 2001-10-30 Regents Of The University Of California Method and apparatus for capacitive deionization and electrochemical purification and regeneration of electrodes
KR100257423B1 (ko) 1994-06-29 2000-06-01 레이서 제이코버스 코넬리스 바람직한 접합선 구조를 갖는 코어에 감긴 종이 제품용 코어
WO1996007396A2 (en) 1994-09-07 1996-03-14 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Products, Inc. Retinoid compositions
US6461622B2 (en) 1994-09-07 2002-10-08 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Topical compositions
US5976555A (en) 1994-09-07 1999-11-02 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Products, Inc. Topical oil-in-water emulsions containing retinoids
US5549697A (en) 1994-09-22 1996-08-27 Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. Hip joint prostheses and methods for manufacturing the same
US5636437A (en) 1995-05-12 1997-06-10 Regents Of The University Of California Fabricating solid carbon porous electrodes from powders
DE69630266T2 (de) 1995-06-07 2004-09-09 W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc., Newark Implantierbare aufnahmevorrichtung für ein therapeutisches gerät
US6156323A (en) 1995-06-08 2000-12-05 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Tricot-like pouch for the delivery of topical drugs and cosmetics
IN187897B (zh) 1995-06-15 2002-07-20 Johnson & Johnson Inc
US6209621B1 (en) 1995-07-07 2001-04-03 Depuy Orthopaedics, Inc. Implantable prostheses with metallic porous bead preforms applied during casting and method of forming the same
JPH0990607A (ja) 1995-07-14 1997-04-04 Canon Inc 原版検査修正装置及び方法
US5562944A (en) 1995-08-28 1996-10-08 Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. Process for the protection of metallic surfaces
AU6423796A (en) 1995-08-29 1997-03-06 Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. Bone prosthesis with protected coating for penetrating bone intergrowth
US5725586A (en) 1995-09-29 1998-03-10 Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. Hollow bone prosthesis with tailored flexibility
DE19536560C1 (de) 1995-10-02 1997-03-13 Mft Membran Filtrations Techni Membranelement
IL125424A0 (en) 1998-07-20 1999-03-12 New Technologies Sa Ysy Ltd Pacing with hemodynamic enhancement
AR006049A1 (es) 1996-03-01 1999-07-21 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Una emulsion de aceite en agua
US5731360A (en) 1996-03-05 1998-03-24 Regents Of The University Of California Compression molding of aerogel microspheres
US6495100B1 (en) 1996-04-04 2002-12-17 Ethicon, Inc. Method for sterilizing devices in a container
US5935172A (en) 1996-06-28 1999-08-10 Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. Prosthesis with variable fit and strain distribution
US5716412A (en) 1996-09-30 1998-02-10 Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. Implantable article with ablated surface
US5782289A (en) 1996-09-30 1998-07-21 Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. Investment casting
US5906234A (en) 1996-10-22 1999-05-25 Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. Investment casting
MA26028A1 (fr) 1997-01-09 2004-04-01 Garfield Int Invest Ltd Dessalement de l'eau
US20080063585A1 (en) 1997-03-07 2008-03-13 William Marsh Rice University, A Texas University Fullerene nanotube compositions
US6683783B1 (en) 1997-03-07 2004-01-27 William Marsh Rice University Carbon fibers formed from single-wall carbon nanotubes
US5902762A (en) 1997-04-04 1999-05-11 Ucar Carbon Technology Corporation Flexible graphite composite
EP1052013A1 (fr) 1997-04-09 2000-11-15 Societe Des Ceramiques Techniques Support macroporeux à gradient de perméabilite et son procédé de fabrication
DE19720551A1 (de) 1997-05-16 1998-11-19 Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag Basisträgerhülse für Rotationsdruckmaschinen
US5910172A (en) 1997-05-20 1999-06-08 Johnson & Johnson Apparatus for, and method of, preparing hip prosthesis implantation
KR100397860B1 (ko) 1997-09-22 2003-12-18 카가쿠기쥬쯔죠 킨조쿠자이료 기쥬쯔켄큐죠 반응성이온에칭법및그장치
US5935084A (en) 1997-09-30 1999-08-10 Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. Inflatable pressure indicator
US6013080A (en) 1997-10-30 2000-01-11 Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. Tamp with horizontal steps used for impaction bone grafting in revision femur
US6022733A (en) 1997-12-02 2000-02-08 Tam; Yun K. Simulated biological dissolution and absorption system
US6139585A (en) 1998-03-11 2000-10-31 Depuy Orthopaedics, Inc. Bioactive ceramic coating and method
US6052608A (en) 1998-03-30 2000-04-18 Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. Implantable medical electrode contacts
US5980718A (en) 1998-05-04 1999-11-09 The Regents Of The University Of California Means for limiting and ameliorating electrode shorting
DE19821534C1 (de) 1998-05-14 1999-08-19 Braun Melsungen Ag Blutreinigungsmaschine
US6228123B1 (en) 1998-08-19 2001-05-08 Depuy Orthopaedics, Inc. Variable modulus prosthetic hip stem
US6093209A (en) 1998-08-20 2000-07-25 Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. Proximally holllow prosthesis
EP1109594B1 (en) 1998-08-31 2004-10-27 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Electrotransport device comprising blades
US6022509A (en) 1998-09-18 2000-02-08 Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. Precision powder injection molded implant with preferentially leached texture surface and method of manufacture
US20010036556A1 (en) 1998-10-20 2001-11-01 James S. Jen Coatings for biomedical devices
US6264699B1 (en) 1998-11-23 2001-07-24 Depuy Orthopaedics, Inc. Modular stem and sleeve prosthesis
US6346187B1 (en) 1999-01-21 2002-02-12 The Regents Of The University Of California Alternating-polarity operation for complete regeneration of electrochemical deionization system
US6152882A (en) 1999-01-26 2000-11-28 Impulse Dynamics N.V. Apparatus and method for chronic measurement of monophasic action potentials
AUPQ034399A0 (en) 1999-05-14 1999-06-03 Panbio Pty Ltd Metal chelating filters and metal chelate filters
US6292704B1 (en) 1999-05-25 2001-09-18 Impulse Dynamics N. V. High capacitance myocardial electrodes
US7092753B2 (en) 1999-06-04 2006-08-15 Impulse Dynamics Nv Drug delivery device
US7190997B1 (en) 1999-06-04 2007-03-13 Impulse Dynamics Nv Drug delivery device
US7171263B2 (en) 1999-06-04 2007-01-30 Impulse Dynamics Nv Drug delivery device
US7947069B2 (en) 1999-11-24 2011-05-24 University Of Washington Medical devices comprising small fiber biomaterials, and methods of use
DE10000196B4 (de) 2000-01-05 2013-10-10 Sartorius Stedim Biotech Gmbh Verbesserte Crossflow-Filtrationseinheit
PT1263408E (pt) 2000-02-14 2005-03-31 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Sistema de libertacao de agentes topicos de cuidados da pele
JP2001232158A (ja) 2000-02-24 2001-08-28 Shinko Pantec Co Ltd ダイアフィルトレーション方法
AUPQ691400A0 (en) 2000-04-14 2000-05-11 Life Therapeutics Limited Separation of micromolecules
EP1278480A2 (en) 2000-04-25 2003-01-29 Impres Medical, Inc. Method and apparatus for creating intrauterine adhesions
US6454095B1 (en) 2000-05-12 2002-09-24 Johnson & Johnson Inc. Visual reference system for sanitary absorbent article
US6544316B2 (en) 2000-05-19 2003-04-08 Membrane Technology And Research, Inc. Hydrogen gas separation using organic-vapor-resistant membranes
US6455115B1 (en) 2001-01-26 2002-09-24 Milliken & Company Textile reinforced thermoplastic or thermoset pipes
DE10034386A1 (de) 2000-07-14 2002-01-24 Creavis Tech & Innovation Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Elektrofiltration
US6692627B1 (en) 2000-09-26 2004-02-17 Boise State University Electrical field flow fractionation (EFFF) using an electrically insulated flow channel
JP4001710B2 (ja) 2000-10-18 2007-10-31 東洋鋼鈑株式会社 分離精製・抽出用粒子状担体及びその製造方法
US6695880B1 (en) 2000-10-24 2004-02-24 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Intraocular lenses and methods for their manufacture
US6552401B1 (en) 2000-11-27 2003-04-22 Micron Technology Use of gate electrode workfunction to improve DRAM refresh
KR100984603B1 (ko) 2000-12-11 2010-09-30 프레지던트 앤드 펠로우즈 오브 하버드 칼리지 나노센서
JP3590765B2 (ja) 2000-12-21 2004-11-17 Ｓｍｃ株式会社 電磁弁
GB0100513D0 (en) 2001-01-09 2001-02-21 Smithkline Beecham Plc Process
US6641773B2 (en) * 2001-01-10 2003-11-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Electro spinning of submicron diameter polymer filaments
US6580598B2 (en) 2001-02-15 2003-06-17 Luxon Energy Devices Corporation Deionizers with energy recovery
US6462935B1 (en) 2001-09-07 2002-10-08 Lih-Ren Shiue Replaceable flow-through capacitors for removing charged species from liquids
JP2002353075A (ja) 2001-03-21 2002-12-06 Morinobu Endo 電気二重層コンデンサの電極材料およびこれを用いた電気二重層コンデンサ
US6521865B1 (en) 2001-06-14 2003-02-18 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Pulsed fiber laser cutting system for medical implants
IL144213A0 (en) 2001-07-09 2002-05-23 Mind Guard Ltd Implantable filter
US6702857B2 (en) 2001-07-27 2004-03-09 Dexcom, Inc. Membrane for use with implantable devices
JP3939943B2 (ja) 2001-08-29 2007-07-04 株式会社Ｇｓｉクレオス 気相成長法による炭素繊維からなるフィルター材
CN2570208Y (zh) 2001-09-03 2003-09-03 珠海中富聚酯啤酒瓶有限公司 聚酯啤酒瓶
US20030134281A1 (en) 2001-09-20 2003-07-17 Evans Glen A. Nanomachine compositions and methods of use
US20030138777A1 (en) 2001-09-20 2003-07-24 Evans Glen A. Nanomachine compositions and methods of use
US20040063097A1 (en) 2002-09-20 2004-04-01 Evans Glen A. Nanomachine compositions and methods of use
GB2380135B (en) 2001-09-27 2005-01-12 Johnson & Johnson Medical Ltd Therapeutic wound dressing
US20050053563A1 (en) 2001-09-27 2005-03-10 Patricia Manissier Stable compositions containing ethanolamine derivatives and glucosides
US7166443B2 (en) 2001-10-11 2007-01-23 Aviva Biosciences Corporation Methods, compositions, and automated systems for separating rare cells from fluid samples
US6686437B2 (en) 2001-10-23 2004-02-03 M.M.A. Tech Ltd. Medical implants made of wear-resistant, high-performance polyimides, process of making same and medical use of same
US20050238730A1 (en) 2001-11-21 2005-10-27 Agnes Le Fur Compositions comprising an ethanolamine derivative and organic metal salts
CA2469712A1 (en) 2001-12-10 2003-06-19 Robert W. Lauer Waste container assembly and modular product system
US6908552B2 (en) 2002-02-26 2005-06-21 Gesellschaft Fuer Schwerionenforschung Mbh Method of producing nanostructures in membrances, and asymmetrical membrane
US20080185293A1 (en) 2002-03-27 2008-08-07 Giselher Klose Method and Apparatus for Decontamination of Fluid with One or More High Purity Electrodes
US6905612B2 (en) 2003-03-21 2005-06-14 Hanuman Llc Plasma concentrate apparatus and method
JP4369153B2 (ja) 2002-05-16 2009-11-18 株式会社神鋼環境ソリューション 膜分離装置及び膜分離方法
KR100734684B1 (ko) 2002-07-01 2007-07-02 제이에프이 엔지니어링 가부시키가이샤 카본 나노튜브를 함유하는 테이프상 물질, 카본나노튜브의 제조 방법, 그 테이프상 물질을 함유하는 전계방출형 전극 및 그 제조 방법
US7235164B2 (en) 2002-10-18 2007-06-26 Eksigent Technologies, Llc Electrokinetic pump having capacitive electrodes
US6699684B2 (en) 2002-07-23 2004-03-02 Nalco Company Method of monitoring biofouling in membrane separation systems
CA2494727A1 (en) 2002-07-24 2004-01-29 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Capture and detection of microbes by membrane methods
AU2003267094A1 (en) 2002-09-11 2004-04-30 Temple University - Of The Commonwealth System Of Higher Education System and methods for electrophoretic separation of proteins on protein binding membranes
CA2499913A1 (en) 2002-10-10 2004-04-22 Irm, Llc Capacity altering device, holder and methods of sample processing
MXPA05004320A (es) 2002-10-22 2006-02-17 Danny Marshal Day Produccion y uso de una enmienda de suelos preparada mediante la produccion combinada de hidrogeno, carbono complejado y la utilizacion de gases inactivos que contienen dioxido de carbono.
US6889715B2 (en) 2002-11-27 2005-05-10 Wellstream International Limited Flexible tubular member with sealed tape layer
JP2004179014A (ja) 2002-11-28 2004-06-24 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd プラズマ加工方法及び装置
US7081208B2 (en) 2002-12-16 2006-07-25 International Business Machines Corporation Method to build a microfilter
US20040140041A1 (en) 2002-12-27 2004-07-22 Scott Glick Geotextile tube repair, construction and reinforcement method and apparatus
DE20302819U1 (de) 2003-02-21 2003-05-08 Filtertek Sa Filter für medizinische und Laborzwecke, insbesondere für Blutanalysen u.dgl.
US20040185730A1 (en) 2003-03-17 2004-09-23 Lambino Danilo L. Expandable skin cleansing implement
FR2852515B1 (fr) 2003-03-17 2005-11-18 Dispositif et procede de traitement de sang avec extraction selective de solutes
US8993327B2 (en) 2003-04-07 2015-03-31 Ut-Battelle, Llc Parallel macromolecular delivery and biochemical/electrochemical interface to cells employing nanostructures
US6708826B1 (en) 2003-04-30 2004-03-23 Warner-Lambert Company, Llc Packaged supply of individual doses of a personal care product
US7875293B2 (en) 2003-05-21 2011-01-25 Dexcom, Inc. Biointerface membranes incorporating bioactive agents
US7150813B2 (en) 2003-06-12 2006-12-19 Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated Isoelectric focusing (IEF) of proteins with sequential and oppositely directed traveling waves in gel electrophoresis
US8734421B2 (en) 2003-06-30 2014-05-27 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Methods of treating pores on the skin with electricity
US7477941B2 (en) 2003-06-30 2009-01-13 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Methods of exfoliating the skin with electricity
US7477940B2 (en) 2003-06-30 2009-01-13 J&J Consumer Companies, Inc. Methods of administering an active agent to a human barrier membrane with galvanic generated electricity
US7477939B2 (en) 2003-06-30 2009-01-13 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Methods of treating a wound with galvanic generated electricity
US7479133B2 (en) 2003-06-30 2009-01-20 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Methods of treating acne and rosacea with galvanic generated electricity
US7476222B2 (en) 2003-06-30 2009-01-13 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Methods of reducing the appearance of pigmentation with galvanic generated electricity
US7175783B2 (en) 2003-08-19 2007-02-13 Patrick Michael Curran Carbon electrode for use in aqueous electrochemical devices and method of preparation
JP2005126966A (ja) 2003-10-22 2005-05-19 Tachikawa Blind Mfg Co Ltd スライドスクリーン
JP4879022B2 (ja) 2003-11-04 2012-02-15 ポーレックス コーポレイション 複合多孔質材料並びにそれらを作製する方法及びそれらを使用する方法
US7674477B1 (en) 2003-11-06 2010-03-09 University Of Notre Dame Du Lac Bone and tissue scaffolding for delivery of therapeutic agents
US20050112078A1 (en) 2003-11-13 2005-05-26 Sekhar Boddupalli Plant-derived protein extract compositions and methods
US7935331B2 (en) 2003-12-12 2011-05-03 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Vanillin polymers for use in darkening the skin
WO2005098084A2 (en) 2004-01-15 2005-10-20 Nanocomp Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for synthesis of extended length nanostructures
KR100569188B1 (ko) 2004-01-16 2006-04-10 한국과학기술연구원 탄소-다공성 지지체 복합 전극 및 그 제조방법
US20050189673A1 (en) 2004-02-26 2005-09-01 Jeremy Klug Treatment of flexible graphite material and method thereof
US7410574B2 (en) 2004-03-03 2008-08-12 Patent Innovations Llc Magnetic particle filtration apparatus
US7452547B2 (en) 2004-03-31 2008-11-18 Johnson&Johnson Consumer Co., Inc. Product for treating the skin comprising a polyamine microcapsule wall and a skin lightening agent
WO2005119007A1 (en) 2004-05-28 2005-12-15 Bp Exploration Operating Company Limited Desalination method
GB0414837D0 (en) 2004-07-02 2004-08-04 Booth John P Improvements in or relating to tubular bodies and methods of forming same
US7459121B2 (en) 2004-07-21 2008-12-02 Florida State University Research Foundation Method for continuous fabrication of carbon nanotube networks or membrane materials
US8765488B2 (en) 2004-07-22 2014-07-01 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Sensors employing single-walled carbon nanotubes
US7083653B2 (en) 2004-08-12 2006-08-01 Charles Edward Jennings Implantable human kidney replacement unit
US7374677B2 (en) 2004-08-20 2008-05-20 Kkj, Inc. Two stage hemofiltration that generates replacement fluid
US8785013B2 (en) 2004-08-20 2014-07-22 E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company Compositions containing modified fullerenes
US20060093885A1 (en) 2004-08-20 2006-05-04 Krusic Paul J Compositions containing functionalized carbon materials
US7786086B2 (en) 2004-09-08 2010-08-31 Ramot At Tel-Aviv University Ltd. Peptide nanostructures containing end-capping modified peptides and methods of generating and using the same
US20060093642A1 (en) 2004-11-03 2006-05-04 Ranade Shrirang V Method of incorporating carbon nanotubes in a medical appliance, a carbon nanotube medical appliance, and a medical appliance coated using carbon nanotube technology
WO2007015710A2 (en) 2004-11-09 2007-02-08 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System The fabrication and application of nanofiber ribbons and sheets and twisted and non-twisted nanofiber yarns
JP2006262891A (ja) 2004-11-30 2006-10-05 D M L:Kk 液体試料中の微生物の測定キット及び測定方法及び測定装置
US7842271B2 (en) 2004-12-07 2010-11-30 Petrik Viktor I Mass production of carbon nanostructures
DE102004062535A1 (de) 2004-12-24 2006-07-06 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Semipermeables Membransystem für magnetische Partikelfraktionen
JP2006188393A (ja) 2005-01-06 2006-07-20 Japan Science & Technology Agency カーボン物質の加工方法
US20060151382A1 (en) 2005-01-12 2006-07-13 Petrik Viktor I Contact devices with nanostructured materials
EP1841854A4 (en) 2005-01-27 2009-10-21 Applera Corp DEVICES AND METHODS FOR PREPARING SAMPLES
CN101128369A (zh) 2005-02-14 2008-02-20 麦克内尔-Ppc股份有限公司 用于个人护理产品的包装
US10618013B2 (en) 2005-03-09 2020-04-14 The Regents Of The University Of California Nanocomposite membranes and methods of making and using same
US9169579B2 (en) 2005-03-11 2015-10-27 New Jersey Institute Of Technology Carbon nanotube mediated membrane extraction
DE102005012594A1 (de) 2005-03-18 2006-09-21 Bayer Technology Services Gmbh Elektrofiltrationsverfahren
US7382601B2 (en) 2005-03-28 2008-06-03 Saga Sanyo Industries Co., Ltd. Electric double layer capacitor and method of manufacturing same
EP1868567A4 (en) 2005-03-29 2010-09-29 Mcneil Ppc Inc COMPOSITIONS WITH HYDROPHILIC DRUGS IN A HYDROPHOBIC MEDIUM
US20060253078A1 (en) 2005-04-25 2006-11-09 Wu Jeffrey M Method of treating skin disorders with stratum corneum piercing device
JP2008540070A (ja) 2005-04-29 2008-11-20 ユニバーシティー オブ ロチェスター 超薄多孔質ナノスケール膜、その製造方法および使用
US7381707B2 (en) 2005-06-30 2008-06-03 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Treatment of dry eye
US8246917B2 (en) 2006-06-23 2012-08-21 Johns Hopkins University Self-assembled, micropatterned, and radio frequency (RF) shielded biocontainers and their uses for remote spatially controlled chemical delivery
US7323401B2 (en) 2005-08-08 2008-01-29 Applied Materials, Inc. Semiconductor substrate process using a low temperature deposited carbon-containing hard mask
EP1917096A4 (en) 2005-08-26 2010-03-31 Entegris Inc POROUS MEMBRANES CONTAINING AN EXCHANGE RESIN
CA2619793A1 (en) 2005-09-09 2007-03-15 Tangenx Technology Corporation Laminated cassette device and methods for making same
US7650805B2 (en) 2005-10-11 2010-01-26 Millipore Corporation Integrity testable multilayered filter device
DE102005049388A1 (de) 2005-10-15 2007-04-19 Dechema Gesellschaft Für Chemische Technik Und Biotechnologie E.V. Verfahren zur Vermeidung oder Verminderung von Biofilmen auf einer Oberfläche
US20070099813A1 (en) 2005-10-27 2007-05-03 Luizzi Joseph M Effervescent cleansing article
JP5082101B2 (ja) 2005-11-14 2012-11-28 国立大学法人東京工業大学 ナノポーラス基板の製造方法
US7883839B2 (en) 2005-12-08 2011-02-08 University Of Houston Method and apparatus for nano-pantography
US8715221B2 (en) 2006-03-08 2014-05-06 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Wearable kidney
US7761809B2 (en) 2006-03-30 2010-07-20 Microsoft Corporation Targeted user interface fall-through
DE102006022502A1 (de) 2006-05-08 2007-11-29 Ltn Nanovation Ag Filtereinheit für die Abwasseraufbereitung und die Trinkwassergewinnung
EP2024397B1 (en) 2006-05-18 2016-06-08 Dow Global Technologies LLC Use of special screens in the preparation of cellulose powder
WO2007140252A1 (en) 2006-05-25 2007-12-06 Drexel University Filled nanoporous polymer membrane composites for protective clothing and methods for making them
US7833355B2 (en) 2006-06-02 2010-11-16 Peter David Capizzo Carbon nanotube (CNT) extrusion methods and CNT wire and composites
US7866475B2 (en) 2006-06-12 2011-01-11 Mcneil-Ppc, Inc. Blister package
ITBO20060493A1 (it) 2006-06-27 2007-12-28 Bellco Srl Macchina di dialisi con controllo della glicemia
WO2008006201A1 (en) 2006-07-10 2008-01-17 Convergent Bioscience Ltd. Method and apparatus for precise selection and extraction of a focused component in isoelectric focusing performed in micro-channels
CA2657630C (en) 2006-07-14 2014-08-19 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Improved membrane separation process using mixed vapor-liquid feed
US20080045877A1 (en) 2006-08-15 2008-02-21 G&L Consulting, Llc Blood exchange dialysis method and apparatus
WO2008023388A1 (en) 2006-08-23 2008-02-28 Budhaditya Chattopadhyay An apparatus for purificatiion of blood and a process thereof
US7931838B2 (en) 2006-08-31 2011-04-26 Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. Method for making oriented single-walled carbon nanotube/polymer nano-composite membranes
EP2052436B1 (en) 2006-09-15 2014-10-29 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Multi-axial antenna and method for use in downhole tools
US20080081362A1 (en) 2006-09-29 2008-04-03 Daniel Keeley Multilayered Composite for Organ Augmentation and Repair
US20080081323A1 (en) 2006-09-29 2008-04-03 Daniel Keeley Regenerative Medicine Devices and Melt-Blown Methods of Manufacture
MX2009003901A (es) 2006-10-12 2009-10-13 Impres Medical Inc Metodo y aparato para obstruir lumen.
US20130153440A9 (en) 2006-11-13 2013-06-20 Kc Energy, Llc Rf systems and methods for processing salt water
KR100834729B1 (ko) 2006-11-30 2008-06-09 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 반사 방지용 나노 다공성 필름 및 블록 공중합체를 이용한그 제조방법
WO2008118228A2 (en) 2006-12-05 2008-10-02 Stonybrook Water Purification Articles comprising a fibrous support
US7998246B2 (en) 2006-12-18 2011-08-16 Uop Llc Gas separations using high performance mixed matrix membranes
US8109893B2 (en) 2006-12-19 2012-02-07 Lande Arnold J Chronic access system for extracorporeal treatment of blood including a continously wearable hemodialyzer
US20100196439A1 (en) 2006-12-22 2010-08-05 Medtronic, Inc. Angiogenesis Mechanism and Method, and Implantable Device
US8187255B2 (en) 2007-02-02 2012-05-29 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Medical devices having nanoporous coatings for controlled therapeutic agent delivery
EP1956395A1 (en) 2007-02-06 2008-08-13 Services Pétroliers Schlumberger An antenna of an electromagnetic probe for investigating geological formations
US7960708B2 (en) 2007-03-13 2011-06-14 University Of Houston Device and method for manufacturing a particulate filter with regularly spaced micropores
US20080241085A1 (en) 2007-03-29 2008-10-02 Lin Connie B Compositions for use in darkening the skin
US7732301B1 (en) 2007-04-20 2010-06-08 Pinnington Thomas Henry Bonded intermediate substrate and method of making same
EP2148706A2 (en) 2007-04-24 2010-02-03 Advanced Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, LLC Engineered renal tissue
WO2008143829A2 (en) 2007-05-14 2008-11-27 Northwestern University Graphene oxide sheet laminate and method
EP2150356A4 (en) * 2007-05-26 2012-05-30 Stonybrook Water Purification HIGH FLOW FLUID SEPARATION MEMBRANES COMPRISING A CELLULOSE LAYER OR CELLULOSE DERIVATIVE
CN101108194B (zh) 2007-06-30 2010-12-01 广西壮族自治区化工研究院 一种除去右旋糖酐铁络合物水溶液中氯化钠的方法及装置
US8324372B2 (en) 2007-07-13 2012-12-04 Handylab, Inc. Polynucleotide capture materials, and methods of using same
US20100059378A1 (en) 2007-07-18 2010-03-11 The Water Company Llc Apparatus and method for removal of ions from a porous electrode that is part of a deionization system
WO2009018092A1 (en) 2007-07-27 2009-02-05 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Supramolecular functionalization of graphitic nanoparticles for drug delivery
US8978899B2 (en) * 2007-08-01 2015-03-17 Donaldson Company, Inc. Fluoropolymer fine fiber
DE102007041820A1 (de) 2007-09-03 2009-03-05 Universität Bielefeld Graphitschichten
CN101918114B (zh) 2007-09-12 2014-12-31 丹尼斯科美国公司 具有内部污损控制的过滤
US8698481B2 (en) 2007-09-12 2014-04-15 President And Fellows Of Harvard College High-resolution molecular sensor
US20090075371A1 (en) 2007-09-18 2009-03-19 Daniel Keeley Regenerative Medicine Devices and Foam Methods of Manufacture
US20100224555A1 (en) 2007-09-21 2010-09-09 Hoek Eric M V Nanocomposite membranes and methods of making and using same
EP2200619B1 (en) 2007-09-28 2015-08-12 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Electricity-generating particulates and the use thereof
US20090087395A1 (en) 2007-10-01 2009-04-02 Lin Connie B Compositions for use in darkening the skin
US20110263912A1 (en) 2007-11-07 2011-10-27 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Control Of Kinetic Decomposition In Mixed Conducting Ion Transport Membranes
EP2060286B1 (en) 2007-11-13 2011-01-12 Acuros GmbH Osmotic pump
US7706128B2 (en) 2007-11-29 2010-04-27 Corning Incorporated Capacitive device
US20090148495A1 (en) 2007-12-11 2009-06-11 Hammer Joseph J Optimum Density Fibrous Matrix
MY153100A (en) 2008-01-08 2014-12-31 Shell Int Research Multi-stage membrane separation process
US8435676B2 (en) 2008-01-09 2013-05-07 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Mixed nano-filament electrode materials for lithium ion batteries
KR100964504B1 (ko) 2008-02-14 2010-06-21 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 나노다공성 멤브레인, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를 구비한 서방성 약물 전달 장치
KR101603078B1 (ko) 2008-02-25 2016-03-14 존슨 앤드 존슨 컨수머 인코포레이티드 열 처치 장치
FR2928093B1 (fr) 2008-02-28 2010-12-31 Commissariat Energie Atomique Dispositif de separation de molecules et procede de fabrication.
WO2009117616A2 (en) 2008-03-19 2009-09-24 Yale University Carbon nanotube compositions and methods of use thereof
US9737593B2 (en) 2008-03-19 2017-08-22 Yale University Carbon nanotube compositions and methods of use thereof
US8409450B2 (en) 2008-03-24 2013-04-02 The Regents Of The University Of California Graphene-based structure, method of suspending graphene membrane, and method of depositing material onto graphene membrane
US20090241242A1 (en) 2008-03-31 2009-10-01 Heidi Beatty Facial mask
GB0807267D0 (en) 2008-04-21 2008-05-28 Ntnu Technology Transfer As Carbon membranes from cellulose esters
EP2278883A4 (en) 2008-04-25 2012-11-28 Encapsulife Inc IMMUNIZATION PATCH SYSTEM FOR CELL TRANSPLANT
AU2009297067A1 (en) 2008-05-07 2010-04-01 Nanocomp Technologies, Inc. Nanostructure composite sheets and methods of use
EP2276556B1 (en) 2008-05-15 2018-05-30 Woongjincoway Co, Ltd. Spiral wound type filter cartridge
DE102008024106A1 (de) 2008-05-17 2009-11-19 Heinrich, Hans-Werner, Prof. Dr. Vorrichtung zum Abscheiden von Partikeln in und aus Flüssigkeiten und deren Anwendung in Biotechnologie, biologische Forschung, Diagnostik und Krankheitsbehandlung
US8940173B2 (en) 2008-05-29 2015-01-27 Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc Membranes with functionalized carbon nanotube pores for selective transport
EP2131189B1 (en) 2008-06-06 2016-12-14 Ecole Polytechnique Method of using a nanoporous membrane for the detection and quantification of heavy metal ions in a fluid by anodic stripping voltammetry
US7993524B2 (en) 2008-06-30 2011-08-09 Nanoasis Technologies, Inc. Membranes with embedded nanotubes for selective permeability
CN102143908A (zh) 2008-07-08 2011-08-03 宋健民 石墨烯与六方氮化硼薄片及其相关方法
US8316865B2 (en) 2008-07-31 2012-11-27 Mcneil-Ppc, Inc. Process for winding dental tape
US20100024722A1 (en) 2008-07-31 2010-02-04 Harold Ochs Apparatus for Coating Dental Tape
TW201012749A (en) 2008-08-19 2010-04-01 Univ Rice William M Methods for preparation of graphene nanoribbons from carbon nanotubes and compositions, thin films and devices derived therefrom
US10199798B2 (en) 2008-08-20 2019-02-05 Foro Energy, Inc. Downhole laser systems, apparatus and methods of use
CN102215887A (zh) 2008-08-29 2011-10-12 M·S·瑞兹 Hiv过滤机和使用该过滤机的过滤hiv的方法以及在过滤过程中检测hiv病毒的方法
CN101659789B (zh) 2008-08-29 2012-07-18 清华大学 碳纳米管/导电聚合物复合材料的制备方法
US20110177154A1 (en) 2008-09-15 2011-07-21 Searete Llc, A Limited Liability Corporation Of The State Of Delaware Tubular nanostructure targeted to cell membrane
US9296158B2 (en) 2008-09-22 2016-03-29 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Binder of energized components in an ophthalmic lens
US9675443B2 (en) 2009-09-10 2017-06-13 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Energized ophthalmic lens including stacked integrated components
US20100076553A1 (en) 2008-09-22 2010-03-25 Pugh Randall B Energized ophthalmic lens
EP2362822A2 (en) 2008-09-26 2011-09-07 Mikro Systems Inc. Systems, devices, and/or methods for manufacturing castings
US9388048B1 (en) 2008-10-08 2016-07-12 University Of Southern California Synthesis of graphene by chemical vapor deposition
US9375886B2 (en) 2008-10-31 2016-06-28 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care Inc. Ophthalmic device with embedded microcontroller
WO2010050421A1 (ja) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 東レ株式会社 複合半透膜およびその製造方法
EP4176888A1 (en) 2008-11-14 2023-05-10 ViaCyte, Inc. Encapsulation of pancreatic cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells
US8487296B2 (en) 2008-11-26 2013-07-16 New Jersey Institute Of Technology Graphene deposition and graphenated substrates
US20100161014A1 (en) 2008-12-23 2010-06-24 Lynch Joseph M Thermal treatment device
US8293013B2 (en) 2008-12-30 2012-10-23 Intermolecular, Inc. Dual path gas distribution device
TW201038227A (en) 2009-01-29 2010-11-01 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies Inc Facial treatment mask comprising an isolation layer
US8147599B2 (en) 2009-02-17 2012-04-03 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Apparatuses and methods for storing and/or filtering a substance
EP2416893B1 (en) 2009-02-24 2013-10-30 Ultradian Diagnostics LLC Microsecond response electrochemical sensors and methods thereof
EP2230511B1 (en) 2009-03-20 2017-04-26 Ecole Polytechnique Method for varying the diameter of a nanopore contained in a nanoporous membrane functionalised with a ph-dependent polyelectrolyte
KR101118473B1 (ko) 2009-03-27 2012-03-12 (주)바이오니아 나노다공막 및 이의 제조방법
RU2011143367A (ru) 2009-03-27 2013-05-10 Джонсон Энд Джонсон Конзьюмер Компаниз, Инк. Двойные и тройные гальванические частицы и способы их производства и применения
US20100249273A1 (en) 2009-03-31 2010-09-30 Scales Charles W Polymeric articles comprising oxygen permeability enhancing particles
IT1393689B1 (it) 2009-04-06 2012-05-08 Envitech S R L Sa Processo e reattore di elettrocoagulazione con elettrodi di materiale nanostrutturato a base di carbonio per la rimozione di contaminanti dai liquidi
US20100258111A1 (en) 2009-04-07 2010-10-14 Lockheed Martin Corporation Solar receiver utilizing carbon nanotube infused coatings
US9017937B1 (en) 2009-04-10 2015-04-28 Pacific Biosciences Of California, Inc. Nanopore sequencing using ratiometric impedance
JP5449852B2 (ja) 2009-05-08 2014-03-19 株式会社東芝 超音波診断装置
FI122495B (fi) 2009-05-22 2012-02-29 Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus Vtt Näyteportti, monikerrossuodatin, näytteenottomenetelmä ja näyteportin käyttö näytteenotossa
US9873090B2 (en) 2009-06-17 2018-01-23 The Regents Of The University Of California Apparatus and method for nanoporous inorganic membranes and films, methods of making and usage thereof
US20110139707A1 (en) 2009-06-17 2011-06-16 The Regents Of The University Of California Nanoporous inorganic membranes and films, methods of making and usage thereof
JP5626969B2 (ja) 2009-07-02 2014-11-19 日本原料株式会社 濾過材洗浄装置
JP5500173B2 (ja) 2009-07-22 2014-05-21 コニカミノルタ株式会社 圧電体、超音波トランスデューサー、医療用超音波診断装置および非破壊超音波検査装置
US8993294B2 (en) 2009-08-10 2015-03-31 Danisco Us Inc. Cross-flow membrane filtration-based process for protein recovery
WO2011020035A2 (en) 2009-08-14 2011-02-17 Northwestern University Sorting two-dimensional nanomaterials by thickness
US8864970B2 (en) 2009-08-18 2014-10-21 Technion Research & Development Foundation Limited Methods and devices of separating molecular analytes
CN101996853B (zh) 2009-08-19 2012-08-08 中国科学院物理研究所 一种对石墨或石墨烯进行各向异性刻蚀的方法
US8486709B2 (en) 2009-08-21 2013-07-16 Massachusetts Institute Oftechnology Optical nanosensors comprising photoluminescent nanostructures
US8753468B2 (en) 2009-08-27 2014-06-17 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Method for the reduction of graphene film thickness and the removal and transfer of epitaxial graphene films from SiC substrates
US8808257B2 (en) 2009-08-31 2014-08-19 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Methods and apparatus for pulsatile release of medicaments from a punctal plug
US8697230B2 (en) 2009-08-31 2014-04-15 Kyushu University Graphene sheet and method for producing the same
US20110054576A1 (en) 2009-09-03 2011-03-03 Robinson Ronni L Combined Portable Thermal and Vibratory Treatment Device
US8292092B2 (en) 2009-09-08 2012-10-23 Teledyne Scientific & Imaging, Llc Macrocyclic pore-apertured carbon nanotube apparatus
EP3196645B1 (en) 2009-09-18 2019-06-19 President and Fellows of Harvard College Bare single-layer graphene membrane having a nanopore enabling high-sensitivity molecular detection and analysis
US20110073563A1 (en) 2009-09-25 2011-03-31 Industrial Technology Research Institute Patterning Method for Carbon-Based Substrate
ES2717903T3 (es) 2009-10-16 2019-06-26 Graphene Square Inc Procedimiento de transferencia de rollo a rollo de grafeno, rollo de grafeno producido por el procedimiento, y equipo de transferencia de rollo a rollo para grafeno
KR20110042952A (ko) 2009-10-20 2011-04-27 삼성전자주식회사 레이저 광을 이용한 그라핀의 힐링방법 및 전자소자 제조방법
JP5418599B2 (ja) 2009-10-21 2014-02-19 株式会社島津製作所 放射線撮像装置
US8449504B2 (en) 2009-11-11 2013-05-28 Calibra Medical, Inc. Wearable infusion device and system
CA2780537A1 (en) 2009-11-13 2011-05-19 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Galvanic skin treatment device
US9591852B2 (en) 2009-11-23 2017-03-14 Mcneil-Ppc, Inc. Biofilm disruptive compositions
US20110124253A1 (en) 2009-11-23 2011-05-26 Applied Nanostructured Solutions, Llc Cnt-infused fibers in carbon-carbon composites
CN102781558B (zh) 2009-11-25 2015-06-24 悉尼大学 膜及膜分离系统
US8808810B2 (en) 2009-12-15 2014-08-19 Guardian Industries Corp. Large area deposition of graphene on substrates, and products including the same
US20110152795A1 (en) 2009-12-21 2011-06-23 Aledo Eduardo C A Transparent facial treatment mask
WO2011087301A2 (ko) 2010-01-15 2011-07-21 성균관대학교산학협력단 기체 및 수분 차단용 그래핀 보호막, 이의 형성 방법 및 그의 용도
GB201000743D0 (en) 2010-01-18 2010-03-03 Univ Manchester Graphene polymer composite
WO2011094204A2 (en) 2010-01-26 2011-08-04 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Methods of fabricating large-area, semiconducting nanoperforated graphene materials
EP2354272B1 (en) 2010-02-08 2016-08-24 Graphene Square Inc. Roll-to-roll apparatus for coating simultaneously internal and external surfaces of a pipe and graphene coating method using the same
WO2011099761A2 (ko) 2010-02-09 2011-08-18 (주)브라이어스 그래핀 파이버, 이의 제조 방법 및 이의 용도
WO2011100458A2 (en) 2010-02-10 2011-08-18 Bioo Scientific Corporation Methods for fractionating and processing microparticles from biological samples and using them for biomarker discovery
US20110202201A1 (en) 2010-02-12 2011-08-18 Fujitsu Ten Limited Remote starting device and remote starting method
JP5407921B2 (ja) 2010-02-19 2014-02-05 富士電機株式会社 グラフェン膜の製造方法
US9096437B2 (en) 2010-03-08 2015-08-04 William Marsh Rice University Growth of graphene films from non-gaseous carbon sources
KR101837481B1 (ko) 2010-03-17 2018-03-13 더 보드 오브 트러스티즈 오브 더 유니버시티 오브 일리노이 생체흡수성 기판 상 이식가능한 바이오의료 장치
US8592291B2 (en) 2010-04-07 2013-11-26 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Fabrication of large-area hexagonal boron nitride thin films
US8652779B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2014-02-18 Pacific Biosciences Of California, Inc. Nanopore sequencing using charge blockade labels
US8308702B2 (en) 2010-04-21 2012-11-13 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Foaming porous pad for use with a motorized device
US20110269919A1 (en) 2010-04-28 2011-11-03 Nanomaterial Innovation Ltd. CO2 reservoir
EP2566535A4 (en) 2010-05-03 2013-12-18 Izhar Halahmi DISTRIBUTION DEVICE FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF AN ORGANIC ACTIVE AGENT
DE112011101618T5 (de) 2010-05-11 2013-03-21 Trustees Of Boston University Verwendung von Nanoporen-Arrays zur Multiplex-Sequenzierung von Nukleinsäuren
KR101537638B1 (ko) 2010-05-18 2015-07-17 삼성전자 주식회사 그라펜 박막을 이용한 수지의 도금 방법
US9075009B2 (en) 2010-05-20 2015-07-07 Sungkyunkwan University Foundation For Corporation Collaboration Surface plasmon resonance sensor using metallic graphene, preparing method of the same, and surface plasmon resonance sensor system
EP2580588B1 (en) 2010-06-08 2014-09-24 President and Fellows of Harvard College Nanopore device with graphene supported artificial lipid membrane
US9005565B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2015-04-14 Hamid-Reza Jahangiri-Famenini Method and apparatus for forming graphene
EP2593403B1 (en) 2010-07-14 2020-03-04 Monash University Method for producing a gel film and filtration membrane prepared with this method
US9216390B2 (en) 2010-07-15 2015-12-22 Ohio State Innovation Foundation Systems, compositions, and methods for fluid purification
WO2012015692A2 (en) 2010-07-28 2012-02-02 Smartcells, Inc. Recombinantly expressed insulin polypeptides and uses thereof
KR101227453B1 (ko) 2010-07-29 2013-01-29 서강대학교산학협력단 인공 신단위 장치
US20120039809A1 (en) 2010-08-13 2012-02-16 Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. Systems and techniques for monitoring subjects
US8361321B2 (en) 2010-08-25 2013-01-29 Lockheed Martin Corporation Perforated graphene deionization or desalination
US9475709B2 (en) 2010-08-25 2016-10-25 Lockheed Martin Corporation Perforated graphene deionization or desalination
KR101211850B1 (ko) 2010-09-01 2012-12-12 연세대학교 산학협력단 그라핀 나노 필터 망, 그라핀 나노 필터 및 그 제조방법
WO2012030368A1 (en) 2010-09-01 2012-03-08 Lawrence Curtin Application of radio frequency to fluidized beds
EP2611948A2 (en) 2010-09-01 2013-07-10 Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix Method for depositing nanoparticles on substrates
US9522161B2 (en) 2010-10-26 2016-12-20 Advanced Bio Development, Inc. Performance enhancing composition and method of delivering nutrients
US9095821B1 (en) 2010-10-26 2015-08-04 Nagare Membranes, Llc Non-reactive process for fixing nanotubes in a membrane in through-passage orientation
WO2012074506A1 (en) 2010-11-29 2012-06-07 Empire Technology Development Llc Graphene production using laser heated crystal growth
WO2012075120A2 (en) 2010-11-30 2012-06-07 University Of South Florida Graphene electrodes on a planar cubic silicon carbide (3c-sic) long term implantable neuronal prosthetic device
CN103237755B (zh) 2010-12-02 2016-01-13 独立行政法人物质·材料研究机构 碳纳米管连接的石墨烯片膜和其制造方法及使用其的石墨烯片电容器
US20130277573A1 (en) * 2011-01-07 2013-10-24 Dune Sciences, Inc. Functionalized carbon membranes
US8354296B2 (en) 2011-01-19 2013-01-15 International Business Machines Corporation Semiconductor structure and circuit including ordered arrangement of graphene nanoribbons, and methods of forming same
JP5699872B2 (ja) 2011-01-24 2015-04-15 日立金属株式会社 差動信号伝送用ケーブル
US20120211367A1 (en) 2011-01-25 2012-08-23 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Electrochemical carbon nanotube filter and method
US9162885B2 (en) 2011-02-17 2015-10-20 Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey Graphene-encapsulated nanoparticle-based biosensor for the selective detection of biomarkers
US8950862B2 (en) 2011-02-28 2015-02-10 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Methods and apparatus for an ophthalmic lens with functional insert layers
CA2829833C (en) 2011-03-15 2019-04-09 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Controlled fabrication of nanopores in nanometric solid state materials
US9110310B2 (en) 2011-03-18 2015-08-18 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Multiple energization elements in stacked integrated component devices
US9914273B2 (en) 2011-03-18 2018-03-13 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Method for using a stacked integrated component media insert in an ophthalmic device
US10451897B2 (en) 2011-03-18 2019-10-22 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Components with multiple energization elements for biomedical devices
US9698129B2 (en) 2011-03-18 2017-07-04 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Stacked integrated component devices with energization
US9195075B2 (en) 2011-03-21 2015-11-24 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Full rings for a functionalized layer insert of an ophthalmic lens
US9804418B2 (en) 2011-03-21 2017-10-31 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Methods and apparatus for functional insert with power layer
US9102111B2 (en) 2011-03-21 2015-08-11 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Method of forming a functionalized insert with segmented ring layers for an ophthalmic lens
US9216391B2 (en) 2011-03-25 2015-12-22 Porifera, Inc. Membranes having aligned 1-D nanoparticles in a matrix layer for improved fluid separation
US10138169B2 (en) 2011-04-04 2018-11-27 The Regents Of The University Of Colorado, A Body Corporate Highly porous ceramic material and method of using and forming same
US9702849B2 (en) 2011-04-04 2017-07-11 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Nanopore sensing by local electrical potential measurement
KR101813170B1 (ko) 2011-04-11 2017-12-28 삼성전자주식회사 그래핀 함유 분리막
CN102242062B (zh) 2011-04-19 2012-12-19 浙江大学 一种高分辨率的生物传感器
US10335519B2 (en) 2011-04-20 2019-07-02 Trustees Of Tufts College Dynamic silk coatings for implantable devices
US8551650B2 (en) 2011-05-12 2013-10-08 Northwestern University Graphene materials having randomly distributed two-dimensional structural defects
CA2778097A1 (en) 2011-05-19 2012-11-19 The Governors Of The University Of Alberta Production of graphene sheets and ribbons
WO2012177033A2 (ko) 2011-06-20 2012-12-27 주식회사 엘지화학 염제거율 및 투과유량 특성이 우수한 역삼투 분리막 및 그 제조방법
CN102344132B (zh) 2011-07-08 2013-06-19 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 一种逐层减薄石墨烯的方法
US9193587B2 (en) 2011-07-13 2015-11-24 Lockheed Martin Corporation System and method for water purification and desalination
US8617411B2 (en) 2011-07-20 2013-12-31 Lam Research Corporation Methods and apparatus for atomic layer etching
US10761043B2 (en) 2011-07-22 2020-09-01 The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania Graphene-based nanopore and nanostructure devices and methods for macromolecular analysis
US20130025907A1 (en) 2011-07-26 2013-01-31 Tyco Electronics Corporation Carbon-based substrate conductor
EP3385992A1 (en) 2011-07-27 2018-10-10 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois Nanopore sensors for biomolecular characterization
US9812730B2 (en) 2011-08-02 2017-11-07 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Biocompatible wire battery
US9132389B2 (en) 2011-08-08 2015-09-15 Colorado State University Research Foundation Magnetically responsive membranes
WO2013022405A1 (en) 2011-08-11 2013-02-14 National University Of Singapore Tandem solar cell with graphene interlayer and method of making
US8586324B2 (en) 2011-08-15 2013-11-19 Biomet Biologics, Llc Method and apparatus to create autologous clotting serum
KR101942705B1 (ko) 2011-08-31 2019-01-29 존슨 앤드 존슨 비젼 케어, 인코포레이티드 프로세서 제어형 안내 렌즈 시스템
US8759153B2 (en) 2011-09-06 2014-06-24 Infineon Technologies Ag Method for making a sensor device using a graphene layer
US20130056367A1 (en) 2011-09-06 2013-03-07 William E. Martinez Integrated sensing device and related methods
US8925736B2 (en) 2011-09-12 2015-01-06 University Of Houston Nanocomposite polymer-carbon based nanomaterial filters for the simultaneous removal of bacteria and heavy metals
DE112011100116T5 (de) 2011-09-16 2013-12-24 Empire Technology Development Llc Graphendefekt-Umbildung
WO2013039507A1 (en) 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 Empire Technology Development Llc Graphene defect detection
CN102423272B (zh) 2011-09-20 2016-03-30 复旦大学 一种具有网络通道的多孔支架及其制备方法
EP2574923A1 (en) 2011-09-28 2013-04-03 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Apparatus for the processing of single molecules
KR101858642B1 (ko) 2011-09-29 2018-05-16 한화테크윈 주식회사 그래핀의 전사 방법
US9645149B2 (en) 2011-09-30 2017-05-09 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan System for detecting rare cells
US8808645B2 (en) 2011-10-25 2014-08-19 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Molecular filters
US9394177B2 (en) 2011-10-27 2016-07-19 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Nanostructured graphene with atomically-smooth edges
US8721074B2 (en) 2011-11-30 2014-05-13 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Electrical interconnects in an electronic contact lens
US20130323295A1 (en) 2011-12-08 2013-12-05 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Monomer systems with dispersed silicone-based engineered particles
US9269838B2 (en) 2011-12-09 2016-02-23 Karim S. Karim Radiation detector system and method of manufacture
US20130146221A1 (en) 2011-12-13 2013-06-13 Southern Illinois University Carbondale Graphene-based membranes as electron transparent windows for ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
US20130152386A1 (en) 2011-12-15 2013-06-20 Praveen Pandojirao-S Methods and apparatus to form electrical interconnects on ophthalmic devices
JP2015503405A (ja) 2011-12-28 2015-02-02 ホリスター・インコーポレイテッドＨｏｌｌｉｓｔｅｒ Ｉｎｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｅｄ 吸音不織布材料、吸音多層フィルム、及びそれらから作られたラミネート
CN103182249B (zh) 2011-12-30 2016-10-05 财团法人工业技术研究院 多孔基材的修饰方法及经修饰的多孔基材
KR102088540B1 (ko) 2012-01-06 2020-03-12 유티-배텔, 엘엘씨 화학 기상 증착에 의한 고품질의 대규모 단층 및 다층 그래핀의 제조
US9425571B2 (en) 2012-01-06 2016-08-23 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Methods and apparatus to form electrical interconnects on ophthalmic devices
US9149806B2 (en) 2012-01-10 2015-10-06 Biopico Systems Inc Microfluidic devices and methods for cell sorting, cell culture and cells based diagnostics and therapeutics
US8857983B2 (en) 2012-01-26 2014-10-14 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Ophthalmic lens assembly having an integrated antenna structure
KR101969289B1 (ko) 2012-01-26 2019-04-17 존슨 앤드 존슨 비젼 케어, 인코포레이티드 적층 집적 구성요소를 포함하는 동력공급형 안과용 렌즈
US8979978B2 (en) 2012-01-26 2015-03-17 Empire Technology Development Llc Graphene membrane with regular angstrom-scale pores
US8686249B1 (en) 2012-02-15 2014-04-01 Pioneer Hi Bred International Inc Maize hybrid X08C971
US9134546B2 (en) 2012-02-22 2015-09-15 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Ophthalmic lens with segmented ring layers in a functionalized insert
JP5504298B2 (ja) 2012-02-22 2014-05-28 アオイ電子株式会社 振動発電素子およびその製造方法
US20130215380A1 (en) 2012-02-22 2013-08-22 Randall B. Pugh Method of using full rings for a functionalized layer insert of an ophthalmic device
US9437370B2 (en) 2012-02-27 2016-09-06 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Lithium-ion cell having a high-capacity anode and a high-capacity cathode
CN102592720A (zh) 2012-03-14 2012-07-18 于庆文 非金属电缆、制作方法及用途
US20130240355A1 (en) 2012-03-16 2013-09-19 Lockheed Martin Corporation Functionalization of graphene holes for deionization
US8906245B2 (en) 2012-03-21 2014-12-09 Richard S. PLOSS, JR. Material trivial transfer graphene
US9028663B2 (en) 2012-03-21 2015-05-12 Lockheed Martin Corporation Molecular separation device
KR20140146131A (ko) 2012-03-21 2014-12-24 록히드 마틴 코포레이션 활성화 가스 스트림을 사용하여 그래핀을 천공하기 위한 방법들 및 그것으로부터 제조되는 천공된 그래핀
DE102012005978A1 (de) 2012-03-23 2013-09-26 Johnson & Johnson Medical Gmbh Chirurgisches Implantat
US20150050734A1 (en) 2012-03-27 2015-02-19 Duke University Carbon Nanotubes And Methods Of Use
US9095823B2 (en) 2012-03-29 2015-08-04 Lockheed Martin Corporation Tunable layered membrane configuration for filtration and selective isolation and recovery devices
US9463421B2 (en) 2012-03-29 2016-10-11 Lockheed Martin Corporation Planar filtration and selective isolation and recovery device
US20130256139A1 (en) 2012-03-30 2013-10-03 International Business Machines Corporation Functionalized graphene or graphene oxide nanopore for bio-molecular sensing and dna sequencing
US9675755B2 (en) 2012-04-04 2017-06-13 National Scientific Company Syringe filter
WO2013155493A1 (en) 2012-04-12 2013-10-17 Yale University Methods of treating inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and disorders
US9758674B2 (en) 2012-04-13 2017-09-12 Ticona Llc Polyarylene sulfide for oil and gas flowlines
US9494260B2 (en) 2012-04-13 2016-11-15 Ticona Llc Dynamically vulcanized polyarylene sulfide composition
US9758821B2 (en) 2012-04-17 2017-09-12 International Business Machines Corporation Graphene transistor gated by charges through a nanopore for bio-molecular sensing and DNA sequencing
US20130277305A1 (en) 2012-04-19 2013-10-24 Lockheed Martin Corporation Selectively perforated graphene membranes for compound harvest, capture and retention
CN102637584B (zh) 2012-04-20 2014-07-02 兰州大学 一种图形化石墨烯的转移制备方法
US10376845B2 (en) 2016-04-14 2019-08-13 Lockheed Martin Corporation Membranes with tunable selectivity
US9067811B1 (en) 2012-05-25 2015-06-30 Lockheed Martin Corporation System, method, and control for graphenoid desalination
US20150321147A1 (en) * 2014-05-08 2015-11-12 Lockheed Martin Corporation Stacked two-dimensional materials and methods for producing structures incorporating same
US20170296972A1 (en) 2016-04-14 2017-10-19 Lockheed Martin Corporation Method for making two-dimensional materials and composite membranes thereof having size-selective perforations
US9744617B2 (en) 2014-01-31 2017-08-29 Lockheed Martin Corporation Methods for perforating multi-layer graphene through ion bombardment
US10653824B2 (en) * 2012-05-25 2020-05-19 Lockheed Martin Corporation Two-dimensional materials and uses thereof
US9297929B2 (en) 2012-05-25 2016-03-29 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Contact lenses comprising water soluble N-(2 hydroxyalkyl) (meth)acrylamide polymers or copolymers
US10980919B2 (en) 2016-04-14 2021-04-20 Lockheed Martin Corporation Methods for in vivo and in vitro use of graphene and other two-dimensional materials
US9834809B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2017-12-05 Lockheed Martin Corporation Syringe for obtaining nano-sized materials for selective assays and related methods of use
US10073192B2 (en) 2012-05-25 2018-09-11 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Polymers and nanogel materials and methods for making and using the same
US20160067390A1 (en) 2014-03-12 2016-03-10 Lockheed Martin Corporation Methods for in vivo and in vitro use of graphene and other two-dimensional materials
US9610546B2 (en) * 2014-03-12 2017-04-04 Lockheed Martin Corporation Separation membranes formed from perforated graphene and methods for use thereof
US9244196B2 (en) 2012-05-25 2016-01-26 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Polymers and nanogel materials and methods for making and using the same
US9403112B2 (en) 2012-06-12 2016-08-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Graphene oxide filters and methods of use
US9274242B2 (en) 2012-06-19 2016-03-01 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Fracture aperture estimation using multi-axial induction tool
AU2013280242B2 (en) 2012-06-29 2017-11-30 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Method and ophthalmic device for galvanic healing of an eye
DE102012105770A1 (de) 2012-06-29 2014-01-02 Stephan Brinke-Seiferth Metallmembran
US20140000101A1 (en) 2012-06-29 2014-01-02 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Methods and apparatus to form printed batteries on ophthalmic devices
EP2679540A1 (en) 2012-06-29 2014-01-01 Graphenea, S.A. Method of manufacturing a graphene monolayer on insulating substrates
US9156702B2 (en) 2012-07-25 2015-10-13 Empire Technology Development Llc Graphene membrane repair
DE102012016090A1 (de) 2012-08-14 2014-02-20 Johnson & Johnson Medical Gmbh Chirurgisches Implantat
GB201214565D0 (en) 2012-08-15 2012-09-26 Univ Manchester Membrane
KR101556360B1 (ko) 2012-08-16 2015-09-30 삼성전자주식회사 그래핀 물성 복귀 방법 및 장치
KR101706130B1 (ko) 2012-09-05 2017-02-14 코쿠리츠켄큐카이하츠호징 붓시쯔 자이료 켄큐키코 부분 환원 그래핀 계층체-연결체, 부분 환원 그래핀 계층체-연결체의 제조방법, 부분 환원 그래핀 계층체-연결체 함유 분말, 부분 환원 그래핀 계층체-연결체 함유 필름, 그래핀 전극 필름, 그래핀 전극 필름의 제조방법, 및 그래핀 커패시터
US20140093728A1 (en) 2012-09-28 2014-04-03 Applied Nanostructured Solutions, Llc Carbon nanostructures and methods of making the same
DE102012021547A1 (de) 2012-11-02 2014-05-08 Johnson & Johnson Medical Gmbh Chirurgisches Implantat
GB201220804D0 (en) 2012-11-20 2013-01-02 Provost Fellows Foundation Scholars And The Other Members Of Board Of Asymetric bottom contacted 2D layer devices
US20140154464A1 (en) 2012-11-30 2014-06-05 Empire Technology Development, Llc Graphene membrane with size-tunable nanoscale pores
CN104812470A (zh) * 2012-11-30 2015-07-29 英派尔科技开发有限公司 支撑在纳米多孔石墨烯上的选择性膜
US9656214B2 (en) * 2012-11-30 2017-05-23 Empire Technology Development Llc Graphene membrane laminated to porous woven or nonwoven support
BR112015014831A2 (pt) 2012-12-19 2017-07-11 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies Inc partículas anidras de pó a líquido
WO2014100412A1 (en) 2012-12-19 2014-06-26 Robert Mcginnis Selective membranes formed by alignment of porous materials
US9835390B2 (en) 2013-01-07 2017-12-05 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Unitary graphene material-based integrated finned heat sink
SG2013091087A (en) 2013-01-09 2014-08-28 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care Multi-piece insert device with glue seal for ophthalmic devices
SG2013091079A (en) 2013-01-09 2014-08-28 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care Multi-piece insert device with locking seal for ophthalmic devices
SG2013091095A (en) 2013-01-09 2014-08-28 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care Method of forming a multi-piece insert device with seal for ophthalmic devices
US10898865B2 (en) 2013-01-31 2021-01-26 American University In Cairo (AUC) Polymer-carbon nanotube nanocomposite porous membranes
US9108158B2 (en) 2013-02-14 2015-08-18 University Of South Carolina Ultrathin, molecular-sieving graphene oxide membranes for separations along with their methods of formation and use
US9156700B2 (en) 2013-02-25 2015-10-13 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Process for producing unitary graphene materials
US20140253131A1 (en) 2013-03-05 2014-09-11 Ce Liu Apparatus and Method for Directional Resistivity Measurement While Drilling Using Slot Antenna
JP6234485B2 (ja) 2013-03-07 2017-11-22 ヴィアサイト インコーポレイテッド ３次元大収容力細胞封入デバイスアセンブリー
DE102013004573A1 (de) 2013-03-11 2014-09-11 Johnson & Johnson Medical Gmbh Chirurgisches Implantat
DE102013004574A1 (de) 2013-03-11 2014-09-11 Johnson & Johnson Medical Gmbh Chirurgisches Implantat
US9592475B2 (en) 2013-03-12 2017-03-14 Lockheed Martin Corporation Method for forming perforated graphene with uniform aperture size
US10450480B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2019-10-22 Hentzen Coatings, Inc. Water-reducible single-component moisture-curing polyurethane coatings
CN105102105A (zh) 2013-03-13 2015-11-25 洛克希德马丁公司 纳米多孔薄膜及其制造方法
US20160009049A1 (en) * 2013-03-13 2016-01-14 Lockheed Martin Corporation Nanoporous membranes and methods for making the same
US9480952B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2016-11-01 Lockheed Martin Corporation Methods for chemical reaction perforation of atomically thin materials
DE102013004486A1 (de) 2013-03-14 2014-09-18 Johnson & Johnson Medical Gmbh Chirurgisches Implantat
US8859286B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2014-10-14 Viacyte, Inc. In vitro differentiation of pluripotent stem cells to pancreatic endoderm cells (PEC) and endocrine cells
US9977260B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-05-22 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Sealing and encapsulation in energized ophthalmic devices with annular inserts
US20140311967A1 (en) 2013-03-15 2014-10-23 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Porous materials and methods including nanoporous materials for water filtration
US9406969B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-08-02 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Methods and apparatus to form three-dimensional biocompatible energization elements
US9307654B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-04-05 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Method of forming a patterned multi-piece insert for an ophthalmic lens
TW201505845A (zh) 2013-03-15 2015-02-16 Lockheed Corp 從基板分離原子級薄材料的方法
US9481138B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-11-01 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Sealing and encapsulation in energized ophthalmic devices with annular inserts
US8974055B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-03-10 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Method and apparatus for encapsulating a rigid insert in a contact lens for correcting vision in astigmatic patients
US8894201B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2014-11-25 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Methods and ophthalmic devices with thin film transistors
US9329410B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-05-03 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Ophthalmic lenses with colorant patterned inserts
US8940552B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-01-27 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Methods and ophthalmic devices with organic semiconductor layer
US9581832B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-02-28 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Method and apparatus for encapsulating a rigid insert in a contact lens for correcting vision in astigmatic patients
US9310626B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-04-12 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Ophthalmic devices with organic semiconductor transistors
US9096050B2 (en) 2013-04-02 2015-08-04 International Business Machines Corporation Wafer scale epitaxial graphene transfer
JP6203939B2 (ja) 2013-04-12 2017-09-27 ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ グラフェンを含む膜
WO2014171946A1 (en) 2013-04-18 2014-10-23 Empire Technology Development, Llc Methods and systems for labeling and detecting defects in a graphene layer
KR101421219B1 (ko) 2013-04-24 2014-07-30 한양대학교 산학협력단 그래핀 옥사이드 코팅층을 포함하는 복합 분리막 및 그 제조방법
US9370749B2 (en) 2013-04-24 2016-06-21 Battelle Memorial Institute Porous multi-component material for the capture and separation of species of interest
US9358508B2 (en) 2013-04-25 2016-06-07 Lockheed Martin Corporation Dryer and water recovery/purification unit employing graphene oxide or perforated graphene monolayer membranes
WO2014182063A1 (ko) 2013-05-07 2014-11-13 주식회사 엘지화학 이차전지용 전극, 그의 제조방법, 그를 포함하는 이차전지 및 케이블형 이차전지
US9429769B2 (en) 2013-05-09 2016-08-30 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Ophthalmic device with thin film nanocrystal integrated circuits
US8975121B2 (en) 2013-05-09 2015-03-10 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Methods and apparatus to form thin film nanocrystal integrated circuits on ophthalmic devices
CN203235358U (zh) 2013-05-13 2013-10-16 无锡力合光电传感技术有限公司 一种空气过滤膜
DE102013208924A1 (de) 2013-05-14 2014-12-04 Johnson & Johnson Medical Gmbh Chirurgisches Implantat umfassend einer Lage mit Öffnungen
US9337274B2 (en) 2013-05-15 2016-05-10 Globalfoundries Inc. Formation of large scale single crystalline graphene
WO2014189971A1 (en) 2013-05-21 2014-11-27 Mcneil-Ppc, Inc. Child-resistant package
US9804416B2 (en) 2013-05-21 2017-10-31 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Energizable ophthalmic lens with an event-based coloration system
US9572918B2 (en) 2013-06-21 2017-02-21 Lockheed Martin Corporation Graphene-based filter for isolating a substance from blood
US9014639B2 (en) 2013-07-11 2015-04-21 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Methods of using and smartphone event notification utilizing an energizable ophthalmic lens with a smartphone event indicator mechanism
US9052533B2 (en) 2013-07-11 2015-06-09 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Energizable ophthalmic lens with a smartphone event indicator mechanism
CN103480281A (zh) 2013-08-09 2014-01-01 天津工业大学 一种有机-无机超滤复合膜及制备方法
DE102013014295A1 (de) 2013-08-22 2015-02-26 Johnson & Johnson Medical Gmbh Chirurgisches Implantat
US20150053627A1 (en) * 2013-08-26 2015-02-26 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Filter media having an optimized gradient
US9185486B2 (en) 2013-08-27 2015-11-10 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Ophthalmic lens with micro-acoustic elements
CA2932452A1 (en) 2013-08-28 2015-03-05 National Institute Of Aerospace Associates Bulk preparation of holey carbon allotropes via controlled catalytic oxidation
US9170646B2 (en) 2013-09-04 2015-10-27 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Ophthalmic lens system capable of interfacing with an external device
US9448421B2 (en) 2013-09-04 2016-09-20 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Ophthalmic lens system capable of communication between lenses utilizing a secondary external device
US9268154B2 (en) 2013-09-17 2016-02-23 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Method and apparatus for ophthalmic devices including hybrid alignment layers and shaped liquid crystal layers
US20150077658A1 (en) 2013-09-17 2015-03-19 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Variable optic ophthalmic device including shaped liquid crystal elements and polarizing elements
US9366881B2 (en) 2013-09-17 2016-06-14 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Method and apparatus for ophthalmic devices including shaped liquid crystal polymer networked regions of liquid crystal
US9335562B2 (en) 2013-09-17 2016-05-10 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Method and apparatus for ophthalmic devices comprising dielectrics and liquid crystal polymer networks
US9869885B2 (en) 2013-09-17 2018-01-16 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Method and apparatus for ophthalmic devices including gradient-indexed liquid crystal layers and shaped dielectric layers
US9500882B2 (en) 2013-09-17 2016-11-22 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Variable optic ophthalmic device including shaped liquid crystal elements with nano-scaled droplets of liquid crystal
US9442309B2 (en) 2013-09-17 2016-09-13 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Method and apparatus for ophthalmic devices comprising dielectrics and nano-scaled droplets of liquid crystal
SG10201405242WA (en) 2013-09-17 2015-04-29 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care Variable optic ophthalmic device including liquid crystal elements
AR097569A1 (es) 2013-09-18 2016-03-23 Univ Johannesburg Witwatersrand Dispositivo para utilizar en la purificación de fluidos
US20150075667A1 (en) 2013-09-19 2015-03-19 Lockheed Martin Corporation Carbon macrotubes and methods for making the same
US9225375B2 (en) 2013-09-23 2015-12-29 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Ophthalmic lens system capable of wireless communication with multiple external devices
US20150096935A1 (en) 2013-10-04 2015-04-09 Somenath Mitra Nanocarbon immobilized membranes
US10166386B2 (en) 2013-10-14 2019-01-01 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma Implantable electrode assembly
CN106413859B (zh) 2013-11-01 2019-07-05 麻省理工学院 减轻膜中的渗漏
WO2015102746A2 (en) 2013-11-04 2015-07-09 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Electronics including graphene-based hybrid structures
CN103585891A (zh) 2013-11-13 2014-02-19 济南泰易膜科技有限公司 一种抗压微孔膜及其制备方法
US9513398B2 (en) 2013-11-18 2016-12-06 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Casing mounted EM transducers having a soft magnetic layer
US9731437B2 (en) 2013-11-22 2017-08-15 Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. Method of manufacturing hydrogel ophthalmic devices with electronic elements
CN103603706A (zh) 2013-11-25 2014-02-26 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 发动机曲轴箱油气分离装置
EP3074551B1 (en) 2013-11-25 2023-11-22 Northeastern University Freestanding ultra thin membranes and transfer-free fabrication thereof
US9610544B2 (en) 2013-12-04 2017-04-04 The United States Of America As Represented By Secretary Of The Navy Method for creating a nano-perforated crystalline layer
JP6568524B2 (ja) 2013-12-18 2019-08-28 ティコナ・エルエルシー 管状用途において用いるための伝導性熱可塑性組成物
US9522189B2 (en) 2013-12-20 2016-12-20 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. Topical gel compositions including poly(monostearoyl glycerol-co-succinate) polymer and methods for enhancing the topical application of a benefit agent
US20150174254A1 (en) 2013-12-23 2015-06-25 Mcneil-Ppc, Inc. Topical gel compositions including polycaprolactone polymer and methods for enhancing the topical application of a benefit agent
US20150182473A1 (en) 2013-12-30 2015-07-02 Molecular Rebar Design, Llc Transdermal patches with discrete carbon nanotubes
US9347911B2 (en) 2013-12-30 2016-05-24 Infineon Technologies Ag Fluid sensor chip and method for manufacturing the same
US20170000937A1 (en) 2014-01-21 2017-01-05 Nephro-Solutions Ag Dialysis Apparatus Comprising a Dialyzer
EP3100297A4 (en) 2014-01-31 2017-12-13 Lockheed Martin Corporation Perforating two-dimensional materials using broad ion field
CN106029596A (zh) 2014-01-31 2016-10-12 洛克希德马丁公司 采用多孔非牺牲性支撑层的二维材料形成复合结构的方法
US20150258525A1 (en) 2014-03-12 2015-09-17 Lockheed Martin Corporation Graphene-based molecular sieves and methods for production thereof
EP3116625A4 (en) * 2014-03-12 2017-12-20 Lockheed Martin Corporation Separation membranes formed from perforated graphene
WO2015138808A1 (en) 2014-03-12 2015-09-17 Lockheed Martin Corporation Graphene-based molecular separation and sequestration device
CA2942487A1 (en) 2014-03-12 2015-09-17 Lockheed Martin Corporation In vivo and in vitro use of graphene
US20150258502A1 (en) * 2014-03-12 2015-09-17 Lockheed Martin Corporation Coating of a porous substrate for disposition of graphene and other two-dimensional materials thereon
US9902141B2 (en) 2014-03-14 2018-02-27 University Of Maryland Layer-by-layer assembly of graphene oxide membranes via electrostatic interaction and eludication of water and solute transport mechanisms
WO2015148548A2 (en) 2014-03-24 2015-10-01 Lockheed Martin Corporation Large area membrane evaluation apparatuses and methods for use thereof
US9468606B2 (en) 2014-03-31 2016-10-18 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. Compostions and methods for enhancing the topical application of an acidic benefit agent
US9474699B2 (en) 2014-03-31 2016-10-25 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. Compostions and methods for enhancing the topical application of a basic benefit agent
EP2937313B1 (en) 2014-04-24 2019-04-03 Graphenea, S.A. Equipment and method to automatically transfer a graphene monolayer to a substrate
US9274245B2 (en) 2014-05-30 2016-03-01 Baker Hughes Incorporated Measurement technique utilizing novel radiation detectors in and near pulsed neutron generator tubes for well logging applications using solid state materials
US11607026B2 (en) 2014-05-30 2023-03-21 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. Device for delivery of skin care composition
US20150359742A1 (en) 2014-06-17 2015-12-17 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. Compositions and methods for enhancing the topical application of a benefit agent including powder to liquid particles and a second powder
PL224343B1 (pl) 2014-06-25 2016-12-30 Inst Tech Materiałów Elektronicznych Sposób przenoszenia warstwy grafenowej
GB201413701D0 (en) 2014-08-01 2014-09-17 Isis Innovation Process
US9742001B2 (en) 2014-08-07 2017-08-22 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Graphene foam-protected anode active materials for lithium batteries
US10456754B2 (en) 2014-08-08 2019-10-29 University Of Southern California High performance membranes for water reclamation using polymeric and nanomaterials
KR101595185B1 (ko) 2014-09-01 2016-02-19 한국기계연구원 액체 여과 구조체
EP3188823A4 (en) * 2014-09-02 2018-04-25 Lockheed Martin Corporation Hemodialysis and hemofiltration membranes based upon a two-dimensional membrane material and methods employing same
KR101605632B1 (ko) 2014-09-12 2016-03-23 한국기계연구원 나노 홀의 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 필터
JP6271384B2 (ja) 2014-09-19 2018-01-31 株式会社東芝 検査装置
US10024612B2 (en) 2014-10-24 2018-07-17 King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals Cleaning system for tube and shell heat exchanger
TWI526534B (zh) * 2014-12-01 2016-03-21 國立台灣科技大學 葡萄糖氧化酵素/赤血鹽複合電紡聚乙烯醇奈米纖維膜及應用於拋棄式感測試紙的葡萄糖氧化酵素/赤血鹽複合電紡聚乙烯醇奈米纖維膜
ES2966745T3 (es) 2014-12-23 2024-04-24 Das Nano Tech S L Inspección de calidad de materiales de película fina
DE102015002672A1 (de) * 2015-03-03 2016-09-08 Mann + Hummel Gmbh Filtermedium und Filterelement mit einem Filtermedium
EP3070053B1 (en) 2015-03-17 2018-02-28 Graphenea, S.A. Method for obtaining graphene oxide
US10354866B2 (en) 2015-07-27 2019-07-16 Graphenea, S.A. Equipment and method to automatically transfer a graphene monolayer to a substrate
US10112380B2 (en) 2015-07-31 2018-10-30 The Boeing Company Methods for additively manufacturing composite parts
WO2017023377A1 (en) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-09 Lockheed Martin Corporation Nanoparticle modification and perforation of graphene
KR20180059429A (ko) 2015-08-06 2018-06-04 록히드 마틴 코포레이션 낮은 세포독성을 가진 이식가능한 그래핀 막
WO2017023375A1 (en) 2015-08-06 2017-02-09 Lockheed Martin Corporation Biologically-relevant selective enclosures for promoting growth and vascularization
EP3135631B1 (en) 2015-08-24 2024-04-10 Graphenea Semiconductor S.L.U. Method for transferring graphene
US10124299B2 (en) 2015-09-08 2018-11-13 Gwangju Institute Of Science And Technology Membrane based on graphene and method of manufacturing same
US20170144107A1 (en) 2015-11-24 2017-05-25 National University Of Singapore Graphene-based membrane and method of preparation thereof
US20170217777A1 (en) 2016-01-30 2017-08-03 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Transfer Method for Two-Dimensional Film
KR20190019907A (ko) 2016-04-14 2019-02-27 록히드 마틴 코포레이션 자유-플로팅 방법을 사용한 대규모 이송을 위한 그래핀 시트 취급 방법
SG11201809016QA (en) * 2016-04-14 2018-11-29 Lockheed Corp Selective interfacial mitigation of graphene defects
JP2019517909A (ja) 2016-04-14 2019-06-27 ロッキード・マーチン・コーポレーション 流路を有する二次元膜構造体
US10065155B2 (en) 2016-08-04 2018-09-04 King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals Method for preparing a polygraphene membrane
KR101934568B1 (ko) * 2016-11-25 2019-01-02 한국과학기술연구원 나노다공성 그래핀 막의 제조 방법
US10953371B2 (en) 2017-01-25 2021-03-23 University Of South Carolina Thin film composites having graphene oxide quantum dots
US10096679B1 (en) 2017-05-11 2018-10-09 International Business Machines Corporation Approach to preventing atomic diffusion and preserving electrical conduction using two dimensional crystals and selective atomic layer deposition

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100021708A1 (en) * 2008-04-14 2010-01-28 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Large-Area Single- and Few-Layer Graphene on Arbitrary Substrates
US20130192461A1 (en) * 2012-01-27 2013-08-01 Empire Technology Development, Llc Accelerating transport through graphene membranes
US20130270188A1 (en) * 2012-03-15 2013-10-17 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Graphene based filter

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
赵黎明等: "《膜分离技术在食品发酵工业中的应用》", 31 July 2011, 中国纺织出版社 *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107999280A (zh) * 2017-12-01 2018-05-08 青岛中科鹏润节能技术有限公司 一种包含石墨烯的电吸附精制滤芯及其制造方法
CN107999280B (zh) * 2017-12-01 2022-05-06 青岛中科鹏润节能技术有限公司 一种包含石墨烯的电吸附精制滤芯及其制造方法
CN112469665A (zh) * 2018-05-22 2021-03-09 Etx公司 用于二维材料的转移的方法和装置
CN112469665B (zh) * 2018-05-22 2023-10-17 Etx公司 用于二维材料的转移的方法和装置
CN108793145A (zh) * 2018-06-30 2018-11-13 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 一种原子级厚度石墨烯/氮化硼复合异质薄膜及制备
CN112023716A (zh) * 2020-09-21 2020-12-04 北京石墨烯研究院 纳米孔石墨烯分离膜及其制备方法
CN112023719A (zh) * 2020-09-21 2020-12-04 北京石墨烯研究院 支撑层及其制备方法、复合膜及其应用
CN112023716B (zh) * 2020-09-21 2022-12-06 北京石墨烯研究院 纳米孔石墨烯分离膜及其制备方法
CN112023719B (zh) * 2020-09-21 2022-12-06 北京石墨烯研究院 支撑层及其制备方法、复合膜及其应用

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL247006A0 (en) 2016-09-29
CA2938305A1 (en) 2015-08-06
WO2015116857A2 (en) 2015-08-06
SG11201606287VA (en) 2016-08-30
US20150217219A1 (en) 2015-08-06
AU2015210875A1 (en) 2016-09-15
TW201544453A (zh) 2015-12-01
KR20160142282A (ko) 2016-12-12
EP3099645A4 (en) 2017-09-27
US10500546B2 (en) 2019-12-10
EP3099645A2 (en) 2016-12-07
WO2015116857A3 (en) 2015-11-05
JP2017507044A (ja) 2017-03-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN106029596A (zh) 采用多孔非牺牲性支撑层的二维材料形成复合结构的方法
US9480952B2 (en) Methods for chemical reaction perforation of atomically thin materials
US10201784B2 (en) Method for forming perforated graphene with uniform aperture size
KR102396120B1 (ko) 다공성 그래핀 막의 제조 방법 및 상기 방법을 사용하여 제조된 막
Choi et al. Multifunctional wafer-scale graphene membranes for fast ultrafiltration and high permeation gas separation
US20150321147A1 (en) Stacked two-dimensional materials and methods for producing structures incorporating same
US10143975B2 (en) Three-layered porous graphene membrane with supporter and bonding layers
CN103210029A (zh) 纳米多孔材料、纳米多孔材料的制造以及纳米多孔材料的应用
CN111087615B (zh) 一种cof膜，其制备方法、转移方法、用途和含有其的芯片
CN104876181B (zh) 纳米结构的转移方法
Li et al. Fabrication of nanopore and nanoparticle arrays with high aspect ratio AAO masks
Du et al. Selective hierarchical patterning of silicon nanostructures via soft nanostencil lithography
Du et al. Fabrication of hierarchical nanostructures using free-standing trilayer membrane
KR101857004B1 (ko) 그래핀 기반의 막 및 이의 제조방법
CN106892423A (zh) 基于原位制备目标基底的转移石墨烯的方法
Lee et al. Graphene-enabled block copolymer lithography transfer to arbitrary substrates
Zheng et al. Ultrathin support-free membrane with high water flux for forward osmosis desalination
Han et al. Nanoporous Silicon-Assisted Patterning of Monolayer MoS2 with Thermally Controlled Porosity: A Scalable Method for Diverse Applications
CN103272501A (zh) 制备孔径均一不对称分离膜的方法
Wang et al. Constructing superhydrophilic/superhydrophobic Janus membrane assisted by dual-interface-confined strategy for on-demand oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions separation
CN113243045A (zh) 柔性显示面板及其制作方法
CN104876177A (zh) 纳米结构的转移方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20161012