CN103374708A - 氧化硅薄膜的高温原子层沉积 - Google Patents
氧化硅薄膜的高温原子层沉积 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103374708A CN103374708A CN201310164475XA CN201310164475A CN103374708A CN 103374708 A CN103374708 A CN 103374708A CN 201310164475X A CN201310164475X A CN 201310164475XA CN 201310164475 A CN201310164475 A CN 201310164475A CN 103374708 A CN103374708 A CN 103374708A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- dimethylsilane
- silane
- diethylsilane
- dimethylamino
- trimethyl silane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000012686 silicon precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000005103 alkyl silyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 54
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- -1 ethylmethylamino Chemical group 0.000 claims description 49
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- UBHZUDXTHNMNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylsilane Chemical compound C[SiH2]C UBHZUDXTHNMNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- KAHVZNKZQFSBFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-n-trimethylsilylmethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)[Si](C)(C)C KAHVZNKZQFSBFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 18
- SDGKUVSVPIIUCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethylpiperidine Chemical compound CC1CCCC(C)N1 SDGKUVSVPIIUCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilane Chemical compound C[SiH](C)C PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229940094989 trimethylsilane Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- JOOMLFKONHCLCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(trimethylsilyl)diethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)[Si](C)(C)C JOOMLFKONHCLCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KZFNONVXCZVHRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylamino(dimethyl)silicon Chemical compound CN(C)[Si](C)C KZFNONVXCZVHRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- UCXUKTLCVSGCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylsilane Chemical compound CC[SiH2]CC UCXUKTLCVSGCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004115 pentoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- CDOTUFDBMWZKEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (silylamino)silylethane Chemical class CC[SiH2]N[SiH3] CDOTUFDBMWZKEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CSIMGKQPITYPAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(C)N(C(C)C)CC[SiH](C)C Chemical compound C(C)(C)N(C(C)C)CC[SiH](C)C CSIMGKQPITYPAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RCEMXUXHDUQKAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC[SiH](CC)CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C Chemical compound CC[SiH](CC)CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C RCEMXUXHDUQKAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HFFIGVUBWMEZJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-diethylsilyl-N-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CC[SiH](CC)N(C)C HFFIGVUBWMEZJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WJDNXDURVAFUJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-diethylsilylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CC[SiH](CC)NC(C)C WJDNXDURVAFUJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JRLANEBCUVHNQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylsilylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(C)N[SiH](C)C JRLANEBCUVHNQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001664 diethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003253 isopropoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(O*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- POPACFLNWGUDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxy(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(C)C POPACFLNWGUDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WYIWYXHYRLBNCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-diethylsilyl-n-ethylethanamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)[SiH](CC)CC WYIWYXHYRLBNCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KOOADCGQJDGAGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [amino(dimethyl)silyl]methane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N KOOADCGQJDGAGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RSIHJDGMBDPTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxy(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C)C RSIHJDGMBDPTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YSPHIXJPYVFLLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-trimethylsilylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(C)N[Si](C)(C)C YSPHIXJPYVFLLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- NQLVIKZJXFGUET-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(pyrrolidin-1-yl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N1CCCC1 NQLVIKZJXFGUET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AALRHBLMAVGWRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorobutan-2-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)CCl AALRHBLMAVGWRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JKNWZLRXDMJDPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCO[SiH](C)C Chemical compound CCCCCO[SiH](C)C JKNWZLRXDMJDPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ALDJVDLBZOOSJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis(diethylsilyl)methanamine Chemical compound CC[SiH](CC)N(C)[SiH](CC)CC ALDJVDLBZOOSJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HXRPNKYNRBAYOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis(dimethylsilyl)ethanamine Chemical compound CCN([SiH](C)C)[SiH](C)C HXRPNKYNRBAYOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YNDNVOKCBWAXLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis(dimethylsilyl)methanamine Chemical compound C[SiH](C)N(C)[SiH](C)C YNDNVOKCBWAXLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FXEKDNCYZUYQKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-diethylsilyl-N-methylethanamine Chemical compound CCN(C)[SiH](CC)CC FXEKDNCYZUYQKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YINBJKASGKZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylsilyl-N-methylethanamine Chemical compound CCN(C)[SiH](C)C YINBJKASGKZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BONDTMGRIMOWRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-ethylsilyl-N-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CC[SiH2]N(C)C BONDTMGRIMOWRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QCEYBMNLGBUVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-N-methylsilylmethanamine Chemical compound C[SiH2]N(C)C QCEYBMNLGBUVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DMLSHGGAICSCEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-N-phenylsilylmethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)[SiH2]c1ccccc1 DMLSHGGAICSCEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- PUVVSMFTBVEMTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [(diethylsilylamino)-ethylsilyl]ethane Chemical compound CC[SiH](CC)N[SiH](CC)CC PUVVSMFTBVEMTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GJWAPAVRQYYSTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [(dimethyl-$l^{3}-silanyl)amino]-dimethylsilicon Chemical compound C[Si](C)N[Si](C)C GJWAPAVRQYYSTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JQNJIBYLKBOSCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [acetyloxy(diethyl)silyl] acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Si](CC)(CC)OC(C)=O JQNJIBYLKBOSCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RQVFGTYFBUVGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [acetyloxy(dimethyl)silyl] acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)OC(C)=O RQVFGTYFBUVGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZQPJZZQRZDOMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [amino(methyl)silyl]methane Chemical compound C[SiH](C)N ZQPJZZQRZDOMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RBAKZQDMUNIQMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N amino(diethyl)silicon Chemical compound CC[Si](N)CC RBAKZQDMUNIQMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XVCNAZQXIVBYAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N di(propan-2-yl)-di(propan-2-yloxy)silane Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](C(C)C)(C(C)C)OC(C)C XVCNAZQXIVBYAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DEHCLLRUWOGPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N di(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CC(C)[SiH2]C(C)C DEHCLLRUWOGPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZMAPKOCENOWQRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxy(diethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(CC)OCC ZMAPKOCENOWQRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VVKJJEAEVBNODX-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxy-di(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C(C)C)(C(C)C)OCC VVKJJEAEVBNODX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VSYLGGHSEIWGJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl(dimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](CC)(OC)OC VSYLGGHSEIWGJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DAMJZHFTOXVCFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl(pyrrolidin-1-yl)silane Chemical compound CC[SiH](CC)N1CCCC1 DAMJZHFTOXVCFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZWPNXHXXRLYCHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl-di(propan-2-yloxy)silane Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](CC)(CC)OC(C)C ZWPNXHXXRLYCHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ADTGAVILDBXARD-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamino(dimethyl)silicon Chemical compound CCN(CC)[Si](C)C ADTGAVILDBXARD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006202 diisopropylaminoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(N(C([H])([H])C([H])([H])*)C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- JJQZDUKDJDQPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(dimethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(C)OC JJQZDUKDJDQPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VHPUZTHRFWIGAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy-di(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(C(C)C)C(C)C VHPUZTHRFWIGAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OARYFQYHTWCNQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl(propan-2-yloxy)silane Chemical compound CC(C)O[SiH](C)C OARYFQYHTWCNQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BPXCAJONOPIXJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-di(propan-2-yloxy)silane Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](C)(C)OC(C)C BPXCAJONOPIXJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XZFFGKZBTQABBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxy(dimethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[SiH](C)C XZFFGKZBTQABBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DFJDZTPFNSXNAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxy(triethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(CC)CC DFJDZTPFNSXNAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UIUXUFNYAYAMOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylsilane Chemical compound [SiH3]C UIUXUFNYAYAMOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GUZRLLOPKKHEMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(triethylsilyl)methanamine Chemical compound CC[Si](CC)(CC)N(C)[Si](CC)(CC)CC GUZRLLOPKKHEMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OGWVYCFORNDBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(trimethylsilyl)ethanamine Chemical compound CCN([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C OGWVYCFORNDBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XFXQXCWQCXPVSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[dimethyl(propyl)silyl]methanamine Chemical compound CCC[Si](C)(C)NC XFXQXCWQCXPVSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VVDUYYVVAPANCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[ethyl(dimethyl)silyl]methanamine Chemical compound CC[Si](C)(C)NC VVDUYYVVAPANCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GGAWFVQAEAHNGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-chlorosilyl-n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)[SiH2]Cl GGAWFVQAEAHNGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KYIHWAKEVGKFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-dimethylsilyl-n-ethylethanamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)[SiH](C)C KYIHWAKEVGKFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WHBOEYVCMRSUPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propan-2-yl-n-(2-trimethylsilylethyl)propan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(C)N(C(C)C)CC[Si](C)(C)C WHBOEYVCMRSUPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JAAJZAZGSITFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-triethylsilylmethanamine Chemical compound CC[Si](CC)(CC)NC JAAJZAZGSITFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- NNLPAMPVXAPWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1-methylethoxy)silane Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](C)(C)C NNLPAMPVXAPWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UABFFWVEXACZGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(pentoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCO[Si](C)(C)C UABFFWVEXACZGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QHUNJMXHQHHWQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C QHUNJMXHQHHWQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims 4
- TVCXVUHHCUYLGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylpyrrole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CN1 TVCXVUHHCUYLGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- PVOAHINGSUIXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Methylpiperazine Chemical compound CN1CCNCC1 PVOAHINGSUIXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- VTHCSXMNKNHJHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-imidazol-2-yl(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C1=NC=CN1 VTHCSXMNKNHJHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- AJSVPOCHNBDOKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-n-trimethylsilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)CN[Si](C)(C)C AJSVPOCHNBDOKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzohydrazide Chemical compound COCCOC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005046 Chlorosilane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH3] KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 abstract description 12
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 11
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 10
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 74
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 55
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 36
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 27
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 9
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 6
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
公开了以>500℃的温度形成氧化硅的原子层沉积(ALD)方法。使用的硅前体具有通式:I.R1R2 mSi(NR3R4)nXp其中R1、R2和R3各自独立地选自氢、直链或支链C1-C10烷基和C6-C10芳基;R4选自直链或支链C1-C10烷基、C6-C10芳基和C3-C10烷基甲硅烷基;其中R3和R4连接形成环结构或R3和R4不连接形成环结构;X是选自Cl、Br和I的卤素;m是0-3;n是0-2;和p是0-2且m+n+p=3;和II.R1R2 mSi(OR3)n(OR4)qXp其中R1和R2各自独立地选自氢、直链或支链C1-C10烷基和C6-C10芳基;R3和R4各自独立地选自直链或支链C1-C10烷基和C6-C10芳基;其中R3和R4连接形成环结构或R3和R4不连接形成环结构;X是选自Cl、Br和I的卤素;m是0-3;n是0-2;q是0-2和p是0-2且m+n+p+q=3。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本专利申请要求2012年4月12日提交的在先美国临时专利申请序列号61/623,217的优先权权益。
技术领域
本文描述了用于形成氧化硅薄膜的组合物和方法。更具体地,本文描述了用于在约500℃或更高的一个或多个沉积温度下和采用原子层沉积(ALD)工艺形成氧化硅薄膜的组合物和方法。
背景技术
热氧化是在半导体应用中通常用于沉积高纯度和高保形性氧化硅薄膜例如二氧化硅(SiO2)的方法。然而,热氧化过程具有极低的沉积速率,例如,在700℃下低于0.03/s,这使得其对于高体量制造工艺而言是不切实际的(参见,例如,Wolf,S.,“Silicon Processing forthe VLSI Era Vol.1-Process Technology”,Lattice Press,CA,1986)。
原子层沉积(ALD)和等离子体增强原子层沉积(PEALD)是用于在低温下(<500℃)沉积二氧化硅(SiO2)保形薄膜的方法。在ALD和PEALD工艺中,将前体和反应性气体(例如氧或臭氧)以特定的多个循环独立地脉冲以在各循环形成单层二氧化硅(SiO2)。然而,采用这些工艺在低温下沉积的二氧化硅(SiO2)可能包含对半导体应用不利的杂质水平,例如碳(C)、氮(N)或两者。为进行弥补,一种可能的方案是升高沉积温度例如500℃或更高。然而,在这些较高的温度下,半导体工业使用的常规前体倾向于自身反应、热分解和以CVD模式而不是ALD模式沉积。CVD模式沉积相比于ALD沉积保形性降低,尤其是对于半导体应用中的高纵横比结构。另外,CVD模式沉积相比于ALD模式沉积对薄膜或材料厚度的控制较差。
JP2010275602和JP2010225663公开了利用原料通过化学气相沉积(CVD)工艺在300-500℃的温度范围内形成含Si薄膜例如氧化硅。所述原料是有机硅化合物,由式(a)HSi(CH3)(R1)(NR2R3)表示,其中R1代表NR4R5或1C-5C烷基;R2和R4各自代表1C-5C烷基或氢原子;且R3和R5各自代表1C-5C烷基;或由式(b)HSiCl(NR1R2)(NR3R4)表示,其中R1和R3独立地代表具有1到4个碳原子的烷基或氢原子;且R2和R4独立地代表具有1到4个碳原子的烷基。所述有机硅化合物包含H-Si键。
美国专利第7,084,076号(“‘076专利”)公开了一种卤化的硅氧烷例如六氯二硅氧烷(HCDSO),其用于与作为催化剂的吡啶结合用于低于500℃的ALD沉积以形成二氧化硅。
美国专利第6,992,019号(“‘019专利”)公开了用于在半导体衬底上形成具有优异性质的二氧化硅层的催化剂-辅助的原子层沉积(ALD)方法,其采用由具有至少两个硅原子的硅化合物组成的第一反应物组分,或采用脂族叔胺作为催化剂组分或两者组合使用,以及公开了相关的吹扫方法和序列。所使用的前体是六氯乙硅烷。沉积温度为25-150℃。
因此,需要开发采用原子层沉积(ALD)工艺或ALD样工艺例如但不限于循环化学气相沉积工艺来形成高质量、低杂质、高保形性的氧化硅薄膜的方法,以代替基于热的沉积工艺。此外,也可能需要在ALD或ALD样工艺中开发高温沉积(例如,在500℃或更高的的一个或多个温度下)以改善一种或多种薄膜性质,例如纯度和/或密度。
发明简述
本文描述了用于在高温,例如500℃或更高的一个或多个温度下以原子层沉积(ALD)或ALD样工艺沉积氧化硅材料或薄膜的方法。
一种实施方式提供沉积氧化硅的方法,包括步骤:
a.在反应器中提供衬底;
b.将至少一种硅前体引入所述反应器中;
c.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
d.将氧源引入所述反应器中;和
e.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;且
其中重复步骤b-e直到沉积所需厚度的氧化硅;和其中所述方法在500-800℃的一个或多个温度下和50毫托(mT)-760托的一个或多个压力下进行。
另一种实施方式提供沉积氧化硅的方法,包括步骤:
a.在反应器中提供衬底;
b.将至少一种硅前体引入所述反应器中;
c.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
d.将氧源引入所述反应器中;
e.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
f.将水蒸汽或羟基源引入所述反应器中;和
g.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;且
其中重复步骤b-g直到沉积所需厚度的氧化硅;和其中所述方法在500-800℃的一个或多个温度下和50毫托(mT)-760托的一个或多个压力下进行。在这种实施方式或其他实施方式中,所述氧源选自氧、氧等离子体、水蒸汽、水蒸汽等离子体、过氧化氢、氮氧化物和臭氧。
本文描述的所述至少一种硅前体选自:
I.R1R2 mSi(NR3R4)nXp
其中R1、R2和R3各自独立地选自氢、直链或支链C1-C10烷基和C6-C10芳基;R4选自氢、直链或支链C1-C10烷基、C6-C10芳基和C3-C10烷基甲硅烷基;其中R3和R4连接形成环结构或R3和R4不连接形成环结构;X是选自Cl、Br和I的卤素;m是0-3;n是0-2;和p是0-2且m+n+p=3;以及
II.R1R2 mSi(OR3)n(OR4)qXp
其中R1和R2各自独立地选自氢、直链或支链C1-C10烷基和C6-C10芳基;R3和R4各自独立地选自直链或支链C1-C10烷基和C6-C10芳基;其中R3和R4连接形成环结构或R3和R4不连接形成环结构;X是选自Cl、Br和I的卤素;m是0-3;n是0-2;q是0-2和p是0-2且m+n+p+q=3。
在上述一个或多个实施方式中,所述吹扫气体选自氮、氦和氩。
在上述一个或多个实施方式中,所述氧源选自氧、氧等离子体、水蒸汽、水蒸汽等离子体、过氧化氢、一氧化二氮和臭氧及其组合。
附图简要说明
图1显示了二甲基氨基三甲基硅烷(DMATMS)和二乙基氨基三甲基硅烷(DEAMTS)的沉积速率随温度的变化,表明这两种前体可以具有高达650℃的ALD窗。
图2提供2,6-二甲基哌啶子基三甲基硅烷的质谱。
图3提供用于在650℃下用DMATMS相对于热氧化物沉积SiO2薄膜的电流相对电场的图。
发明详述
本文描述了涉及在500℃或更高的一个或多个温度下以原子层沉积(ALD)或以ALD样工艺,例如但不限于循环化学气相沉积工艺(CCVD)形成含氧化硅的薄膜(例如氮氧化硅薄膜、化学计量或非化学计量的氧化硅薄膜、氧化硅薄膜或组合)的组合物和方法。
现有技术中典型的ALD工艺直接使用氧源或氧化剂例如氧、氧等离子体、水蒸汽、水蒸汽等离子体、过氧化氢或臭氧源以在25-500℃的处理温度下形成SiO2。
沉积步骤包括:
a.在反应器中提供衬底;
b.将硅前体引入所述反应器中;
c.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
d.将氧源引入所述反应器中;和
e.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器。
在现有技术的方法中,重复步骤b-e直到沉积所需厚度的薄膜。
据信超过500℃的高温处理可以产生薄膜纯度和密度方面较好的薄膜质量。ALD方法提供良好的薄膜阶梯覆盖。然而,用于ALD或PEALD中的典型有机硅前体仅在特定温度范围内以ALD模式沉积薄膜。当温度高于该范围时,前体发生热分解,这引起气相反应或连续的衬底表面反应,其将沉积工艺转变为CVD模式而不是所希望的ALD模式。
不被理论束缚,对于在高于500℃的一个或多个温度下的ALD或ALD样沉积工艺,本文所描述的硅前体分子具有至少一种锚定官能团,其与衬底表面上的某些反应性位点反应以锚定单层的硅物质。锚定官能团可以选自卤素(Cl、Br、I)基团、氨基或烷氧基,优选氨基,例如二甲基氨基或二乙基氨基。硅前体也具有钝化官能团,即它是化学稳定的以阻止进一步的表面反应,从而形成自限式过程。钝化官能团选自不同的烷基,例如甲基、乙基、苯基,优选甲基。表面上的其余基团然后可以被氧化以形成Si-O-Si键以及羟基。此外,也可以将羟基源例如H2O或水等离子体引入反应器中以形成更多的羟基作为用于下一个ALD循环的反应性位点,如以下方案1中所示的。
方案1
在一个实施方式中,本文描述的至少一种硅前体是具有下式I的化合物:
I.R1R2 mSi(NR3R4)nXp
其中R1、R2和R3各自独立地选自氢、直链或支链C1-C10烷基和C6-C10芳基;R4选自直链或支链C1-C10烷基、C6-C10芳基和C3-C10烷基甲硅烷基;其中R3和R4连接形成环结构或R3和R4不连接形成环结构;X是选自Cl、Br和I的卤素;m是0-3;n是0-2;和p是0-2且m+n+p=3。具有式I的前体的实例包括但不限于:二乙基氨基三甲基硅烷、二甲基氨基三甲基硅烷、乙基甲基氨基三甲基硅烷、二乙基氨基三乙基硅烷、二甲基氨基三乙基硅烷、乙基甲基氨基三乙基硅烷、叔丁基氨基三乙基硅烷、异丙基氨基三乙基硅烷、二异丙基氨基三乙基硅烷、吡咯烷基三乙基硅烷、叔丁基氨基三甲基硅烷、异丙基氨基三甲基硅烷、二异丙基氨基三甲基硅烷、吡咯烷基三甲基硅烷、二乙基氨基二甲基硅烷、二甲基氨基二甲基硅烷、乙基甲基氨基二甲基硅烷、叔丁基氨基二甲基硅烷、异丙基氨基二甲基硅烷、二异丙基氨基二甲基硅烷、吡咯烷基二甲基硅烷、二乙基氨基二乙基硅烷、二甲基氨基二乙基硅烷、乙基甲基氨基二乙基硅烷、叔丁基氨基二乙基硅烷、异丙基氨基二乙基硅烷、二异丙基氨基二乙基硅烷、吡咯烷基二乙基硅烷、双(二乙基氨基)二甲基硅烷、双(二甲基氨基)二甲基硅烷、双(乙基甲基氨基)二甲基硅烷、双(二异丙基氨基)二甲基硅烷、双(异丙基氨基)二甲基硅烷、双(叔丁基氨基)二甲基硅烷、二吡咯烷基二甲基硅烷、双(二乙基氨基)二乙基硅烷、双(二甲基氨基)二乙基硅烷、双(乙基甲基氨基)二乙基硅烷、双(二异丙基氨基)二乙基硅烷、双(异丙基氨基)二乙基硅烷、双(叔丁基氨基)二乙基硅烷、二吡咯烷基二乙基硅烷、双(二乙基氨基)甲基乙烯基硅烷、双(二甲基氨基)甲基乙烯基硅烷、双(乙基甲基氨基)甲基乙烯基硅烷、双(二异丙基氨基)甲基乙烯基硅烷、双(异丙基氨基)甲基乙烯基硅烷、双(叔丁基氨基)甲基乙烯基硅烷、二吡咯烷基甲基乙烯基硅烷、2,6-二甲基哌啶子基甲基硅烷、2,6-二甲基哌啶子基二甲基硅烷、2,6-二甲基哌啶子基三甲基硅烷、三(二甲基氨基)苯基硅烷、三(二甲基氨基)甲基硅烷、三(二甲基氨基)乙基硅烷和三(二甲基氨基)氯硅烷。
其中式I中的R4是C3-C10烷基甲硅烷基的I组硅前体的其他实例包括但不限于:1,1,1,3,3,3-六甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六乙基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3-四乙基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六乙基-2-甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,2,3,3-五甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3-四乙基-2-甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六甲基-2-乙基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七乙基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3-四甲基-2-乙基二硅氮烷、1,1,2,3,3-五乙基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六甲基-2-异丙基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六乙基-2-异丙基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3-四甲基-2-异丙基二硅氮烷和1,1,3,3-四乙基-2-异丙基二硅氮烷。
在另一个实施方式中,本文描述的至少一种硅前体是具有下式II的化合物:
II.R1R2 mSi(OR3)n(OR4)qXp
其中R1和R2各自独立地选自氢、直链或支链C1-C10烷基和C6-C10芳基;R3和R4各自独立地选自直链或支链C1-C10烷基和C6-C10芳基;其中R3和R4连接形成环结构或R3和R4不连接形成环结构;X是选自Cl、Br和I的卤素;m是0-3;n是0-2;q是0-2和p是0-2且m+n+p+q=3。这种II组硅前体的实例包括但不限于:甲氧基三甲基硅烷、乙氧基三甲基硅烷、异丙氧基三甲基硅烷、叔丁氧基三甲基硅烷、叔戊氧基三甲基硅烷、苯氧基三甲基硅烷、乙酰氧基三甲基硅烷、甲氧基三乙基硅烷、乙氧基三乙基硅烷、异丙氧基三乙基硅烷、叔丁氧基三乙基硅烷、叔戊氧基三乙基硅烷、苯氧基三乙基硅烷、乙酰氧基三乙基硅烷、甲氧基二甲基硅烷、乙氧基二甲基硅烷、异丙氧基二甲基硅烷、叔丁氧基二甲基硅烷、叔戊氧基二甲基硅烷、苯氧基二甲基硅烷、乙酰氧基二甲基硅烷、甲氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、乙氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、异丙氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、叔丁氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、叔戊氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、苯氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、乙酰氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、二甲氧基二甲基硅烷、二乙氧基二甲基硅烷、二异丙氧基二甲基硅烷、二叔丁氧基二甲基硅烷、二乙酰氧基二甲基硅烷、二甲氧基二乙基硅烷、二乙氧基二乙基硅烷、二异丙氧基二乙基硅烷、二叔丁氧基二乙基硅烷、二乙酰氧基二乙基硅烷、二甲氧基二异丙基硅烷、二乙氧基二异丙基硅烷、二异丙氧基二异丙基硅烷、二叔丁氧基二异丙基硅烷、二乙酰氧基二异丙基硅烷、二甲氧基甲基乙烯基硅烷、二乙氧基甲基乙烯基硅烷、二异丙氧基甲基乙烯基硅烷、二叔丁氧基甲基乙烯基硅烷、二乙酰氧基甲基乙烯基硅烷、1,1,3,4-四甲基-1-硅杂-2,5-二氧杂环戊烷和1,1,3,3,4,4-六甲基-1-硅杂-2,5-二氧杂环戊烷。
在以上通式以及整个说明书中,术语“烷基”表示具有1-10、3-10或1-6个碳原子的直链或支链官能团。示例性的直链烷基包括,但不限于,甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基和己基。示例性的支链烷基包括,但不限于,异丙基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、异戊基、叔戊基、异己基和新己基。在某些实施方式中,烷基可以具有一个或多个与其连接的官能团,例如,但不限于,烷氧基、二烷基氨基或其组合。在其他实施方式中,烷基不具有一个或多个与其连接的官能团。烷基可以是饱和或不饱和的。
在以上通式以及整个说明书中,术语“芳基”表示具有3-10个、5-10个碳原子或6-10个碳原子的芳香环状官能团。示例性的芳基包括,但不限于,苯基、苄基、氯代苄基、甲苯基和邻二甲苯基。
在以上通式以及整个说明书中,术语“烷氧基”表示连接至氧原子(例如,R-O)且可以具有1-12个或1-6个碳原子的烷基。示例性的烷氧基包括,但不限于,甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基、叔丁氧基、戊氧基、叔戊氧基、异戊氧基、新戊氧基、己氧基和2-乙基己氧基。在以上通式以及整个说明书中,术语“氨基”表示连接至氮原子(例如,如上定义的NR3R4)且可以具有1-12个或1-6个碳原子的烷基或芳基。示例性的氨基包括,但不限于,二甲基氨基、二乙基氨基、叔丁基氨基、环己基氨基、哌啶子基、烷基取代的哌啶子基(例如2,6-二甲基哌啶子基)、吡咯烷基、烷基取代的吡咯烷基(例如2,5-二甲基吡咯烷基)、吡咯基、烷基取代的吡咯基、咪唑基和烷基取代的咪唑基。
在以上通式以及整个说明书中,本文使用的术语“不饱和的”是指官能团、取代基、环或桥具有一个或多个碳双键或三键。不饱和环的实例可以是,但不限于,芳香环例如苯环。术语“饱和的”是指官能团、取代基、环或桥不具有一个或多个双键或三键。
在以上通式以及整个说明书中,术语“烷基甲硅烷基”表示具有3到10个碳原子的直链或支链官能团。示例性的烷基甲硅烷基包括,但不限于,三甲基甲硅烷基、三乙基甲硅烷基、二甲基甲硅烷基、二乙基甲硅烷基和二甲基乙基甲硅烷基。
在某些实施方式中,式I或式II中的R3和R4可以连接在一起形成环结构。本领域技术人员将理解,当取代基R3和R4连接在一起形成环时,R3将包括用于连接R4的键,反之亦然。在这些实施方式中,所述环结构可以是饱和的,例如环状烷基环,或不饱和的,例如芳香环。此外,在这些实施方式中,所述环结构也可以是取代的或未取代的。示例性的环状基团包括,但不限于,吡咯烷基、哌啶子基和2,6-二甲基哌啶子基。然而,在其他实施方式中,取代基R3和R4不连接。
在某些实施方式中,采用本文描述的方法沉积的硅薄膜使用氧源、含氧的试剂或前体而在氧的存在下形成。氧源可以以至少一种氧源的形式引入反应器中和/或可以附带地存在于在沉积工艺中使用的其他前体中。合适的氧源气体可以包括,例如,水(H2O)(例如,去离子水、纯化水和/或蒸馏水)、氧(O2)、氧等离子体、臭氧(O3)、N2O、NO2、一氧化碳(CO)、二氧化碳(CO2)及其组合。在某些实施方式中,氧源包含以大约1至大约2000标准立方厘米/分钟(sccm)或大约1至大约1000sccm的流速引入反应器中的氧源气体。氧源可以引入大约0.1秒至大约100秒的时间。在一个特定实施方式中,氧源包含温度为10℃或更高的水。在其中通过ALD或循环CVD工艺沉积薄膜的实施方式中,前体脉冲可以具有大于0.01秒的脉冲持续时间,且氧源可以具有小于0.01秒的脉冲持续时间,而水的脉冲持续时间可以具有小于0.01秒的脉冲持续时间长度。在又另一实施方式中,脉冲之间的吹扫持续时间可以低至0秒,或连续地进行脉冲而没有脉冲之间的吹扫。以相对于硅前体低于1∶1比率的分子数量提供氧源或试剂,从而至少一些碳保留在如此沉积的介电薄膜中。
在某些实施方式中,氧化硅薄膜进一步包含氮。在这些实施方式中,所述薄膜使用本文描述的方法沉积并在含氮源的存在下形成。含氮源可以以至少一种氮源的形式引入反应器中和/或可以附带地存在于在沉积工艺中使用的其他前体中。合适的含氮源气体可以包括,例如,氨、肼、单烷基肼、二烷基肼、氮、氮/氢、氨等离子体、氮等离子体、氮/氢等离子体及其混合物。在某些实施方式中,含氮源包括以大约1-大约2000标准立方厘米/分钟(sccm)或大约1-大约1000sccm的流速引入反应器中的氨等离子体或氢/氮等离子体源气体。含氮源可以引入大约0.1秒至大约100秒的时间。在其中通过ALD或循环CVD工艺沉积薄膜的实施方式中,前体脉冲可以具有大于0.01秒的脉冲持续时间,且含氮源可以具有小于0.01秒的脉冲持续时间,而水的脉冲持续时间可以具有小于0.01秒的脉冲持续时间长度。在又另一实施方式中,脉冲之间的吹扫持续时间可以低至0秒,或连续地进行脉冲而没有脉冲之间的吹扫。
本文公开的沉积方法可以包括一种或多种吹扫气体。用于吹扫掉未消耗的反应物和/或反应副产物的吹扫气体是不与前体发生反应的惰性气体。示例性的吹扫气体包括,但不限于,氩(Ar)、氮(N2)、氦(He)、氖、氢(H2)及其混合物。在某些实施方式中,吹扫气体如Ar以大约10-大约2000sccm的流速向反应器中供应大约0.1-1000秒,从而吹扫可能保留在反应器中的未反应物质和任何副产物。
供应前体、氧源、含氮源和/或其他前体、源气体和/或试剂的相应步骤可以通过改变供应这些物质的时间来进行,以改变所获得的介电薄膜的化学计量组成。
将能量供应给硅前体、含氮源或其组合中的至少一种以诱导反应和在衬底上形成介电薄膜或涂层。这种能量可以通过(但不限于)热、等离子体、脉冲等离子体、螺旋波等离子体、高密度等离子体、电感耦合等离子体、X射线、电子束、光子、远程等离子体方法及其组合来提供。在某些实施方式中,第二RF射频源可以用于改变衬底表面处的等离子体特性。在其中沉积涉及等离子体的实施方式中,等离子体发生方法可以包括直接等离子体发生方法(其中等离子体在反应器中直接发生)或者远程等离子体发生方法(其中等离子体在反应器外发生并供应到反应器中)。
所述至少一种硅烷前体可以以多种方式输送到反应室如循环CVD或ALD反应器。在一个实施方式中,可以利用液体输送系统。在替代的实施方式中,可以采用组合的液体输送和闪蒸处理单元,例如,举例来说,由Shoreview,MN的MSP Corporation制造的涡轮蒸发器(turbo vaporizer),以使得低挥发性材料能够定量地输送,这导致可再现的输送和沉积而不发生前体的热分解。在液体输送方案中,本文描述的前体可以以纯液体形式输送,或者可选择地,可以以包含前体的溶剂制剂或组合物的形式使用。因此,在某些实施方式中,如在用于在衬底上形成薄膜的给定终端应用中可能希望的和有利的,前体制剂可以包括具有适当特性的溶剂成分。
对于其中将至少一种具有式I或II的硅前体用于包含溶剂和本文描述的至少一种具有式I或II的硅前体的组合物中的那些实施方式,所选择的溶剂或其混合物不与所述硅前体反应。所述组合物中溶剂的重量百分比含量为0.5重量%-99.5重量%或10重量%-75重量%。在该实施方式或其他实施方式中,溶剂的沸点(b.p.)与该至少一种式I或式II的硅前体的沸点相似,或溶剂的沸点和至少一种式I或式II的硅前体的沸点之间的差异是40℃或更小、30℃或更小、或者20℃或更小、或者10℃或更小。或者沸点之间的差异在具有任何一个或多个以下端点的范围内:0、10、20、30或40℃。适当的沸点差异范围的实例包括但不限于,0-40℃、20-30℃或10-30℃。组合物中适当的溶剂的实例包括,但不限于,醚(例如1,4-二噁烷、二丁醚)、叔胺(例如吡啶、1-甲基哌啶、1-乙基哌啶、N,N′-二甲基哌嗪、N,N,N′,N′-四甲基乙二胺)、腈(例如苄腈)、烷烃(例如辛烷、壬烷、十二烷、乙基环己烷)、芳烃(例如甲苯、均三甲苯)、叔氨基醚(例如双(2-二甲基氨基乙基)醚)或其混合物。
如上所提及的,式I或式II的至少一种硅前体的纯度水平足够高以对于可靠的半导体制造是可接受的。在某些实施方式中,本文描述的式I或式II的至少一种硅前体包含小于2重量%、或小于1重量%、或小于0.5重量%的一种或多种以下杂质:游离胺、游离卤化物或卤素离子和高分子量物质。本文描述的硅前体的较高纯度水平可以通过一种或多种以下过程获得:纯化、吸附和/或蒸馏。
在本文描述的方法的一个实施方式中,可以使用循环沉积工艺如ALD样、ALD或PEALD,其中沉积采用式I或式II的至少一种硅前体和氧源来进行。ALD样工艺定义为循环CVD工艺但仍然提供高保形的氧化硅薄膜。
在某些实施方式中,根据工艺要求将从前体罐连接至反应室的气体管线加热至一个或多个温度,且将式I或式II的至少一种硅前体的容器维持于用于鼓泡的一个或多个温度下。在其他实施方式中,将包含式I或式II的至少一种硅前体的溶液注入维持于一个或多个温度下的蒸发器中用于直接液体注射。
氩和/或其他气体的气流可用作载气以帮助在前体脉冲期间将式I或式II的至少一种硅前体的蒸气递送至反应室中。在某些实施方式中,反应室处理压力为约1托。
在典型的ALD或ALD样工艺例如CCVD方法中,将衬底例如氧化硅衬底在反应室中的加热台上加热,所述反应室起始暴露于硅前体以使得复合物化学吸附在衬底的表面上。
吹扫气体例如氩将未吸收的过量复合物从处理室中吹扫掉。充分的吹扫之后,可以将氧源引入反应室中与吸附的表面反应,随后用另一气体吹扫来将反应副产物从反应室中去除。可以重复处理循环以获得所需的薄膜厚度。在一些情况下,泵送可以取代用惰性气体吹扫,或这两者可同时用于去除未反应的硅前体。
在这种实施方式或其他实施方式中,应理解本文所描述的方法的步骤可以以多种顺序进行、可以顺序地进行、可以同时地进行(例如,在另一步骤的至少一部分期间)或以其任何组合的方式进行。供应前体和氧源气体的相应步骤可以通过改变供应它们的持续时间来进行从而改变所得介电薄膜的化学计量组成。
本文描述方法的一个具体实施方式是在衬底上沉积氧化硅薄膜,包括以下步骤:
a.在反应器中提供衬底;
b.将本文所描述的具有式I、II或两者的至少一种硅前体引入所述反应器中;
c.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
d.将氧源引入所述反应器中;和
e.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
其中重复步骤b-e直到沉积所需厚度的氧化硅薄膜。
在本文所描述的方法和组合物的一个具体实施方式中,硅前体是具有下式I的化合物:
I.R1R2 mSi(NR3R4)nXp
其中R1是甲基(Me),R2是甲基,m=2,n=1,p=0,R3选自氢、直链或支链C1-C10烷基和C6-C10芳基;R4选自直链或支链C1-C10烷基、C6-C10芳基和C3-C10烷基甲硅烷基;其中R3和R4连接形成环结构或R3和R4不连接形成环结构。下表1显示示例性的硅前体结构,其具有选自卤原子、胺基或烷氧基的锚定官能团和具有选自烷基(优选甲基或Me)的钝化官能团。不被理论束缚,据信Si-Me基在高于500℃的温度下是稳定的并提供钝化官能团以阻止进一步的表面反应,从而形成自限式的ALD或ALD样工艺。
表1:具有至少一种锚定官能团和至少一种钝化官能团(例如3个甲基)的硅前体。
本文描述的方法的另一种实施方式在氧化步骤之后引入羟基或OH源例如H2O蒸汽。这种实施方式的目的是再恢复用于硅前体锚定在表面上以形成单层的锚定官能团或反应性位点。
沉积步骤由以下步骤组成:
a.在反应器中提供衬底;
b.将一种上述硅前体引入所述反应器中;
c.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
d.将氧化剂引入所述反应器中;
e.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
f.将水蒸汽或羟基源引入所述反应器中;和
g.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
其中重复步骤b-g直到沉积所需的厚度。
在本文所述方法的一种可选的实施方式中,沉积步骤由以下步骤组成:
a.在反应器中提供衬底;
b.将一种上述硅前体引入所述反应器中;
c.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
d.将氧源引入所述反应器中;
e.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
f.将水蒸汽或OH源引入所述反应器中;和
g.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
其中重复步骤b-g直到沉积所需的厚度。
又另一个实施方式使用过氧化氢或氧等离子体来去除钝化官能团或基团例如甲基。沉积步骤如下:
a.在反应器中提供衬底;
b.将一种上述硅前体引入所述反应器中;
c.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
d.将臭氧、过氧化氢或氧等离子体引入所述反应器中;和
e.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
其中重复步骤b-e直到沉积所需的厚度。
本文描述方法的处理温度是500℃-1000℃;或500℃-750℃;或600℃-750℃;或600℃-800℃的一个或多个温度。
沉积压力范围是50毫托(mT)-760托或500mT-100托的一个或多个压力。吹扫气体可以选自惰性气体例如氮、氦或氩。氧化剂选自氧、过氧化物、臭氧或来自等离子体过程的分子氧。
具体实施方式
实施例1:使用二甲基氨基三甲基硅烷的氧化硅薄膜的原子层沉积
使用以下前体:二甲基氨基三甲基硅烷(DMATMS)进行氧化硅薄膜的原子层沉积。在实验室规模的ALD处理装置上进行沉积。通过蒸汽牵引(vapor draw)将硅前体递送至反应室。所有气体(例如吹扫和反应物气体或前体和氧源)在进入沉积区前都预热到100℃。用具有高速致动的ALD隔膜阀控制气体和前体流速。在沉积中使用的衬底是12英寸长的硅条。热电偶与样品架连接以确认衬底温度。使用臭氧作为氧源气体进行沉积。沉积参数在表I中提供。
表I:利用臭氧使用DMATMS的氧化硅薄膜的原子层沉积工艺
步骤1 | 6秒 | 排空反应器 | <100mT |
步骤2 | 可变 | 引入硅前体 | 反应器压力通常<2托 |
步骤3 | 6秒 | 用氮气吹扫反应器 | 流量1.5slpmN2 |
步骤4 | 6秒 | 排空反应器 | <100mT |
步骤5 | 4秒 | 引入臭氧,16-20%wt | |
步骤6 | 6秒 | 用氮气吹扫反应器 | 流量1.5slpmN2 |
重复步骤2到6直到达到所需厚度。薄膜的厚度和折射率采用FilmTek2000SE偏振光椭圆率测量仪通过将来自薄膜的反射数据与预先设定的物理模型(例如,洛伦兹振荡器模型)拟合来测定。湿蚀刻率采用49%氢氟(HF)酸在去离子水中的1%溶液来进行测量。热氧化物晶片用作各批的参照以确认溶液浓度。1%的HF水溶液中典型的热氧化物晶片湿蚀刻率是0.5/s。蚀刻前后的薄膜厚度用于计算湿蚀刻率。薄膜中的碳和氮浓度用动态二次离子质谱(SIMS)技术来分析。%不均匀性由6点测量采用以下方程式计算:%不均匀性=((最大-最小)/(2*平均))。薄膜密度采用X射线反射计(XRR)来表征。表II概述了用固定剂量(8秒)的DMATMS前体在500-650℃的晶片温度下沉积的SiO2薄膜的性质。
表II.使用DMATMS沉积的氧化硅薄膜的特性
由DMATMS沉积的氧化硅的薄膜密度为2.08-2.23g/cc。
图3描绘了热氧化物和用DMATMS在650℃沉积的SiO2之间的漏电流和击穿电流的比较,表明采用DMATMS的氧化硅具有与热氧化物相当的电性能。1-5MV/cm(典型的操作电压)下的漏电流在热氧化物典型装置操作电压的1个数量级范围之内。
为确认ALD模式沉积,在引入臭氧之前使用多个前体剂量以确保沉积是自限的。沉积步骤列于下表III中:
表III.用于确认采用DMATMS的ALD模式的ALD条件
重复步骤2a和2b以引入多个剂量的硅前体。沉积速率和不均匀性均报告在表IV中。
表IV:用多个DMATMS剂量沉积的SiO2薄膜的沉积速率和薄膜不均匀性
沉积速率显示了自限式特性和随着前体剂量增加的饱和,这确认了650℃下的ALD模式沉积。
实施例2:使用二乙基氨基三甲基硅烷的氧化硅薄膜的原子层沉积
采用实施例1的表I中所列的步骤用二乙基氨基三甲基硅烷(DEATMS)进行氧化硅薄膜的原子层沉积。用DEATMS在500-650℃下以固定的前体剂量(8秒)沉积的SiO2薄膜的沉积速率和薄膜不均匀性描述于表IV中。
表IV.用固定的DEATMS剂量沉积的SiO2薄膜的沉积速率和薄膜不均匀性
为确认ALD模式沉积,在臭氧沉积步骤之前使用多个前体剂量以确保沉积是自限式的。沉积步骤列于下表V中:
表V.用于确认采用DEATMS的ALD模式的ALD条件
重复步骤2a和2b以模拟多个剂量的硅前体。沉积速率和不均匀性均报告在表VI中。
表VI:用多个DEATMS剂量沉积的SiO2薄膜的沉积速率和薄膜不均匀性
沉积速率显示了自限式特性和随着前体剂量增加的饱和,这确认了650℃下的ALD模式沉积。
实施例3:使用DMATMS在有图案的硅衬底上氧化硅薄膜的原子层沉积
用DMATMS将SiO2薄膜沉积在有图案的硅晶片上。使用臭氧作为氧源气体以及650℃下8秒的前体双重脉冲进行沉积过程。在衬底上沉积的薄膜采用场致发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)Hitachi S-4800SEM来测量。将样品安置在横截面架上,使用在2kV加速电压下操作的SEM来检验。样品横截面的SiO2厚度测量在沟槽的顶部、侧壁和底部进行。SiO2薄膜的SEM横截面检查表明优异的阶梯覆盖(>96%)并证实该过程事实上是ALD过程。
实施例4:使用二乙基氨基三乙基硅烷(DEATES)的氧化硅薄膜的原子层沉积
氧化硅薄膜的沉积采用硅前体二乙基氨基三乙基硅烷(DEATES)和臭氧来进行。所使用的沉积步骤列于实施例1的表I中。表VII概述了采用DEATES在500-650℃的晶片温度下沉积的SiO2薄膜的沉积速率和不均匀性。
表VII.用固定的DEATES剂量沉积的SiO2薄膜的沉积速率和薄膜不均匀性
参见表VII,沉积速率和薄膜不均匀性在600℃下增加,这表明在600℃下的一些CVD反应和在650℃下CVD反应的进一步增加。
实施例5:使用甲氧基三甲基硅烷的氧化硅薄膜的原子层沉积
采用硅前体甲氧基三甲基硅烷进行氧化硅薄膜的原子层沉积。采用臭氧在650℃下以实施例1的表I中所列工艺步骤进行沉积。衬底温度设置在650℃。沉积速率为约0.3/循环。
实施例6:使用三甲基氯硅烷的氧化硅薄膜的原子层沉积
实施例7:使用六甲基二硅氮烷的氧化硅薄膜的原子层沉积
采用硅前体六甲基二硅氮烷进行氧化硅薄膜的原子层沉积。采用臭氧在650℃下以实施例1的表I所列的工艺步骤进行沉积。沉积速率为约1.3/循环。
实施例8:使用双(二甲基氨基)二甲基硅烷的氧化硅薄膜的ALD沉积
双(二甲基氨基)二甲基硅烷(BDMADMS)用作硅前体。BDMADMS具有R1R2 mSi(NR3R4)n的通式结构,其中R1、R2、R3、R4为甲基,n=2且m=1。
在实验室规模的ALD处理装置上进行沉积。采用臭氧作为氧源气体进行沉积,沉积的工艺参数与表I相同。
采用BDMADMS以固定前体剂量(8秒)在500-650℃下沉积的氧化硅薄膜的沉积速率和薄膜不均匀性概括于表VIII中:
表VIII.用固定BDMADMS剂量沉积的SiO2薄膜的沉积速率和薄膜不均匀性。
双重前体脉冲工艺用于进一步证实ALD模式。表IX显示用单一8秒脉冲和双重8秒脉冲沉积的薄膜的沉积速率和不均匀性。
表IX.BDMADMS的工艺参数和结果的概述
如表IX显示,当使用双重前体脉冲时,沉积速率明显增加且均匀性降低,这表明存在一些CVD模式沉积。
实施例9:2,6-二甲基哌啶子基三甲基硅烷的合成
在配备有加液漏斗、冷凝器和机械搅拌器的1000ml三颈圆底烧瓶中添加113g(1.0mol)2,6-二甲基哌啶500ml己烷。搅拌下通过加液漏斗滴加50.5g(0.5mol)三甲基氯硅烷。添加完成之后,将反应混合物回流6小时。冷却至室温,过滤混合物。用己烷洗涤固体,并将己烷溶液与滤液合并。溶剂己烷通过蒸馏去除。通过分馏获得134g2,6-二甲基哌啶子基三甲基硅烷。产率为75%。提供于图2中的质谱证实了它是二甲基哌啶子基三甲基硅烷,其中碎片在185(M)、170(M-15)处。
Claims (16)
1.将氧化硅薄膜沉积到衬底上的方法,包括步骤:
a.在反应器中提供衬底;
b.将至少一种硅前体引入所述反应器中;
c.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
d.将氧源引入所述反应器中;和
e.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;和
其中重复步骤b至e直到沉积所需厚度的氧化硅;和
其中所述方法在500-800℃的一个或多个温度下和50毫托(mT)-760托的一个或多个压力下进行。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中所述至少一种硅前体具有选自以下的通式:
I.R1R2 mSi(NR3R4)nXp
其中R1、R2和R3各自独立地选自氢、直链或支链C1-C10烷基和C6-C10芳基;R4选自直链或支链C1-C10烷基、C6-C10芳基和C3-C10烷基甲硅烷基;其中R3和R4连接形成环结构或R3和R4不连接形成环结构;X是选自Cl、Br和I的卤素;m是0-3;n是0-2;和p是0-2且m+n+p=3;和
II.R1R2 mSi(OR3)n(OR4)qXp
其中R1和R2各自独立地选自氢、直链或支链C1-C10烷基和C6-C10芳基;R3和R4各自独立地选自直链或支链C1-C10烷基和C6-C10芳基;其中R3和R4连接形成环结构或R3和R4不连接形成环结构;X是选自Cl、Br和I的卤素;m是0-3;n是0-2;q是0-2和p是0-2且m+n+p+q=3;
优选地,其中所述至少一种硅前体选自:二乙基氨基三乙基硅烷、二甲基氨基三乙基硅烷、乙基甲基氨基三乙基硅烷、叔丁基氨基三乙基硅烷、异丙基氨基三乙基硅烷、二异丙基氨基三乙基硅烷、吡咯烷基三乙基硅烷、二乙基氨基三甲基硅烷、二甲基氨基三甲基硅烷、乙基甲基氨基三甲基硅烷、叔丁基氨基三甲基硅烷、异丙基氨基三甲基硅烷、二异丙基氨基三甲基硅烷、吡咯烷基三甲基硅烷、二乙基氨基二甲基硅烷、二甲基氨基二甲基硅烷、乙基甲基氨基二甲基硅烷、叔丁基氨基二甲基硅烷、异丙基氨基二甲基硅烷、二异丙基氨基二甲基硅烷、吡咯烷基二甲基硅烷、二乙基氨基二乙基硅烷、二甲基氨基二乙基硅烷、乙基甲基氨基二乙基硅烷、叔丁基氨基二乙基硅烷、异丙基氨基二乙基硅烷、二异丙基氨基二乙基硅烷、吡咯烷基二乙基硅烷、双(二乙基氨基)二甲基硅烷、双(二甲基氨基)二甲基硅烷、双(乙基甲基氨基)二甲基硅烷、双(二异丙基氨基)二甲基硅烷、双(异丙基氨基)二甲基硅烷、双(叔丁基氨基)二甲基硅烷、二吡咯烷基二甲基硅烷、双(二乙基氨基)二乙基硅烷、双(二甲基氨基)二乙基硅烷、双(乙基甲基氨基)二乙基硅烷、双(二异丙基氨基)二乙基硅烷、双(异丙基氨基)二乙基硅烷、双(叔丁基氨基)二乙基硅烷、二吡咯烷基二乙基硅烷、双(二乙基氨基)甲基乙烯基硅烷、双(二甲基氨基)甲基乙烯基硅烷、双(乙基甲基氨基)甲基乙烯基硅烷、双(二异丙基氨基)甲基乙烯基硅烷、双(异丙基氨基)甲基乙烯基硅烷、双(叔丁基氨基)甲基乙烯基硅烷、二吡咯烷基甲基乙烯基硅烷、2,6-二甲基哌啶子基甲基硅烷、2,6-二甲基哌啶子基二甲基硅烷、2,6-二甲基哌啶子基三甲基硅烷、三(二甲基氨基)苯基硅烷、三(二甲基氨基)甲基硅烷、三(二甲基氨基)乙基硅烷、三(二甲基氨基)氯硅烷及其混合物;或
优选地,其中所述至少一种硅前体选自:甲氧基三甲基硅烷、乙氧基三甲基硅烷、异丙氧基三甲基硅烷、叔丁氧基三甲基硅烷、叔戊氧基三甲基硅烷、苯氧基三甲基硅烷、乙酰氧基三甲基硅烷、甲氧基三乙基硅烷、乙氧基三乙基硅烷、异丙氧基三乙基硅烷、叔丁氧基三乙基硅烷、叔戊氧基三乙基硅烷、苯氧基三乙基硅烷、乙酰氧基三乙基硅烷、甲氧基二甲基硅烷、乙氧基二甲基硅烷、异丙氧基二甲基硅烷、叔丁氧基二甲基硅烷、叔戊氧基二甲基硅烷、苯氧基二甲基硅烷、乙酰氧基二甲基硅烷、甲氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、乙氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、异丙氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、叔丁氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、叔戊氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、苯氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、乙酰氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、二甲氧基二甲基硅烷、二乙氧基二甲基硅烷、二异丙氧基二甲基硅烷、二叔丁氧基二甲基硅烷、二乙酰氧基二甲基硅烷、二甲氧基二乙基硅烷、二乙氧基二乙基硅烷、二异丙氧基二乙基硅烷、二叔丁氧基二乙基硅烷、二乙酰氧基二乙基硅烷、二甲氧基二异丙基硅烷、二乙氧基二异丙基硅烷、二异丙氧基二异丙基硅烷、二叔丁氧基二异丙基硅烷、二乙酰氧基二异丙基硅烷、二甲氧基甲基乙烯基硅烷、二乙氧基甲基乙烯基硅烷、二异丙氧基甲基乙烯基硅烷、二叔丁氧基甲基乙烯基硅烷、二乙酰氧基甲基乙烯基硅烷、1,1,3,4-四甲基-1-硅杂-2,5-二氧杂环戊烷、1,1,3,3,4,4-六甲基-1-硅杂-2,5-二氧杂环戊烷及其混合物;或
优选地,其中所述至少一种硅前体选自:1,1,1,3,3,3-六甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六乙基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3-四乙基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六乙基-2-甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,2,3,3-五甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3-四乙基-2-甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六甲基-2-乙基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七乙基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3-四甲基-2-乙基二硅氮烷、1,1,2,3,3-五乙基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六甲基-2-异丙基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六乙基-2-异丙基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3-四甲基-2-异丙基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3-四乙基-2-异丙基二硅氮烷及其混合物。
3.权利要求1或2的方法,其中所述吹扫气体选自氮、氦和氩。
4.权利要求1-3的任一项的方法,其中所述氧源选自氧、过氧化物、氧等离子体、水蒸汽、水蒸汽等离子体、过氧化氢和臭氧源。
5.权利要求1-4的任一项的方法,在步骤e之后还包括步骤f和g:
f.将选自水蒸汽和羟基源的试剂引入所述反应器中;
g.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器。
6.沉积氧化硅的方法,包括步骤:
a.在反应器中提供衬底;
b.将至少一种硅前体引入所述反应器中;
c.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
d.将氧源引入所述反应器中;
e.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
f.将水蒸汽或OH源引入所述反应器中;
g.用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;和
其中重复步骤b-g直到沉积所需的厚度;
其中所述方法在500-800℃的温度和50毫托(mT)-760托的压力下进行。
7.权利要求6的方法,其中所述至少一种硅前体具有选自以下的通式:
I.R1R2 mSi(NR3R4)nXp
其中R1、R2和R3各自独立地选自氢、直链或支链C1-C10烷基和C6-C10芳基;R4选自直链或支链C1-C10烷基、C6-C10芳基和C3-C10烷基甲硅烷基;其中R3和R4连接形成环结构或R3和R4不连接形成环结构;X是选自Cl、Br和I的卤素;m是0-3;n是0-2;和p是0-2且m+n+p=3;和
II.R1R2 mSi(OR3)n(OR4)qXp
其中R1和R2各自独立地选自氢、直链或支链C1-C10烷基和C6-C10芳基;R3和R4各自独立地选自直链或支链C1-C10烷基和C6-C10芳基;其中R3和R4连接形成环结构或R3和R4不连接形成环结构;X是选自Cl、Br和I的卤素;m是0-3;n是0-2;q是0-2和p是0-2且m+n+p+q=3;
优选地,所述至少一种硅前体选自:二乙基氨基三乙基硅烷、二甲基氨基三乙基硅烷、乙基甲基氨基三乙基硅烷、叔丁基氨基三乙基硅烷、异丙基氨基三乙基硅烷、二异丙基氨基三乙基硅烷、吡咯烷基三乙基硅烷、二乙基氨基三甲基硅烷、二甲基氨基三甲基硅烷、乙基甲基氨基三甲基硅烷、叔丁基氨基三甲基硅烷、异丙基氨基三甲基硅烷、二异丙基氨基三甲基硅烷、吡咯烷基三甲基硅烷、二乙基氨基二甲基硅烷、二甲基氨基二甲基硅烷、乙基甲基氨基二甲基硅烷、叔丁基氨基二甲基硅烷、异丙基氨基二甲基硅烷、二异丙基氨基二甲基硅烷、吡咯烷基二甲基硅烷、二乙基氨基二乙基硅烷、二甲基氨基二乙基硅烷、乙基甲基氨基二乙基硅烷、叔丁基氨基二乙基硅烷、异丙基氨基二乙基硅烷、二异丙基氨基二乙基硅烷、吡咯烷基二乙基硅烷、双(二乙基氨基)二甲基硅烷、双(二甲基氨基)二甲基硅烷、双(乙基甲基氨基)二甲基硅烷、双(二异丙基氨基)二甲基硅烷、双(异丙基氨基)二甲基硅烷、双(叔丁基氨基)二甲基硅烷、二吡咯烷基二甲基硅烷、双(二乙基氨基)二乙基硅烷、双(二甲基氨基)二乙基硅烷、双(乙基甲基氨基)二乙基硅烷、双(二异丙基氨基)二乙基硅烷、双(异丙基氨基)二乙基硅烷、双(叔丁基氨基)二乙基硅烷、二吡咯烷基二乙基硅烷、双(二乙基氨基)甲基乙烯基硅烷、双(二甲基氨基)甲基乙烯基硅烷双(乙基甲基氨基)甲基乙烯基硅烷、双(二异丙基氨基)甲基乙烯基硅烷、双(异丙基氨基)甲基乙烯基硅烷、双(叔丁基氨基)甲基乙烯基硅烷、二吡咯烷基甲基乙烯基硅烷、2,6-二甲基哌啶子基甲基硅烷、2,6-二甲基哌啶子基二甲基硅烷、2,6-二甲基哌啶子基三甲基硅烷、三(二甲基氨基)苯基硅烷、三(二甲基氨基)甲基硅烷、三(二甲基氨基)乙基硅烷、三(二甲基氨基)氯硅烷及其混合物;或
优选地,所述至少一种硅前体选自:甲氧基三甲基硅烷、乙氧基三甲基硅烷、异丙氧基三甲基硅烷、叔丁氧基三甲基硅烷、叔戊氧基三甲基硅烷、苯氧基三甲基硅烷、乙酰氧基三甲基硅烷、甲氧基三乙基硅烷、乙氧基三乙基硅烷、异丙氧基三乙基硅烷、叔丁氧基三乙基硅烷、叔戊氧基三乙基硅烷、苯氧基三乙基硅烷、乙酰氧基三乙基硅烷、甲氧基二甲基硅烷、乙氧基二甲基硅烷、异丙氧基二甲基硅烷、叔丁氧基二甲基硅烷、叔戊氧基二甲基硅烷、苯氧基二甲基硅烷、乙酰氧基二甲基硅烷、甲氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、乙氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、异丙氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、叔丁氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、叔戊氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、苯氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、乙酰氧基二甲基苯基硅烷、二甲氧基二甲基硅烷、二乙氧基二甲基硅烷、二异丙氧基二甲基硅烷、二叔丁氧基二甲基硅烷、二乙酰氧基二甲基硅烷、二甲氧基二乙基硅烷、二乙氧基二乙基硅烷、二异丙氧基二乙基硅烷、二叔丁氧基二乙基硅烷、二乙酰氧基二乙基硅烷、二甲氧基二异丙基硅烷、二乙氧基二异丙基硅烷、二异丙氧基二异丙基硅烷、二叔丁氧基二异丙基硅烷、二乙酰氧基二异丙基硅烷、二甲氧基甲基乙烯基硅烷、二乙氧基甲基乙烯基硅烷、二异丙氧基甲基乙烯基硅烷、二叔丁氧基甲基乙烯基硅烷、二乙酰氧基甲基乙烯基硅烷、1,1,3,4-四甲基-1-硅杂-2,5-二氧杂环戊烷、1,1,3,3,4,4-六甲基-1-硅杂-2,5-二氧杂环戊烷及其混合物;或
优选地所述至少一种硅前体选自:1,1,1,3,3,3-六甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六乙基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3-四乙基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六乙基-2-甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,2,3,3-五甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3-四乙基-2-甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六甲基-2-乙基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七乙基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3-四甲基-2-乙基二硅氮烷、1,1,2,3,3-五乙基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六甲基-2-异丙基二硅氮烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六乙基-2-异丙基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3-四甲基-2-异丙基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3-四乙基-2-异丙基二硅氮烷及其混合物。
8.权利要求6或7的方法,其中所述吹扫气体选自氮、氦和氩。
9.权利要求6-8的任一项的方法,其中所述氧源选自氧、氧等离子体、一氧化二氮、水蒸汽、水蒸汽等离子体、过氧化氢和臭氧源。
10.沉积氧化硅的方法,包括步骤:
a)在反应器中提供衬底;
b)将至少一种硅前体引入所述反应器中;
c)用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
d)将氧源引入所述反应器中;
e)用吹扫气体吹扫反应器;
重复步骤b-e直到沉积所需的厚度;和
其中所述处理温度为500-800℃和压力为50毫托(mT)-760托,且所述硅前体包含至少一个锚定官能团和包含Si-Me基团的钝化官能团。
11.权利要求10的方法,其中所述氧源选自氧、过氧化物、氧等离子体、一氧化二氮、水蒸汽、水蒸汽等离子体、过氧化氢和臭氧源。
12.权利要求10或11的方法,其中所述处理温度为550-750℃。
13.权利要求10-12的任一项的方法,其中所述压力为50毫托(mT)-100托。
14.权利要求10-13的任一项的方法,其中所述锚定官能团是氨基,和/或其中所述锚定官能团是选自Cl、Br和I的卤素,和/或其中所述锚定官能团是烷氧基。
15.权利要求10-14的任一项的方法,其中所述至少一种硅前体选自:异丙基氨基三甲基硅烷、叔丁基氨基三甲基硅烷、异丁基氨基三甲基硅烷、环己基氨基三甲基硅烷、吡咯烷基三甲基硅烷、2-甲基吡咯烷基三甲基硅烷、2,5-二甲基吡咯烷基三甲基硅烷、哌啶子基三甲基硅烷、2,6-二甲基哌啶子基三甲基硅烷、1-甲基哌嗪基三甲基硅烷、吡咯基三甲基硅烷、2,5-二甲基吡咯基三甲基硅烷、咪唑基三甲基硅烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六甲基二硅氮烷、甲氧基三甲基硅烷、乙氧基三甲基硅烷和氯硅烷。
16.选自2,6-二甲基哌啶子基三甲基硅烷、2,5-二甲基吡咯烷基三甲基硅烷和2-甲基吡咯烷基三甲基硅烷的含硅前体。
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JP2013236073A (ja) | 2013-11-21 |
EP2650399A2 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
US10991571B2 (en) | 2021-04-27 |
TW201343952A (zh) | 2013-11-01 |
KR20180026685A (ko) | 2018-03-13 |
JP6276360B2 (ja) | 2018-02-07 |
KR102552319B1 (ko) | 2023-07-07 |
JP2018014536A (ja) | 2018-01-25 |
JP2017028313A (ja) | 2017-02-02 |
JP2020038978A (ja) | 2020-03-12 |
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US10242864B2 (en) | 2019-03-26 |
EP2650399A3 (en) | 2013-10-30 |
US20130295779A1 (en) | 2013-11-07 |
US20160365244A1 (en) | 2016-12-15 |
EP2650399B1 (en) | 2019-09-11 |
US20190189431A1 (en) | 2019-06-20 |
KR20200084308A (ko) | 2020-07-10 |
JP6673886B2 (ja) | 2020-03-25 |
US9460912B2 (en) | 2016-10-04 |
KR20210042072A (ko) | 2021-04-16 |
US20170256399A9 (en) | 2017-09-07 |
CN103374708B (zh) | 2017-05-17 |
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