TW412598B - Process for the transfer of a thin film comprising an inclusion creation step - Google Patents
Process for the transfer of a thin film comprising an inclusion creation step Download PDFInfo
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- TW412598B TW412598B TW087121806A TW87121806A TW412598B TW 412598 B TW412598 B TW 412598B TW 087121806 A TW087121806 A TW 087121806A TW 87121806 A TW87121806 A TW 87121806A TW 412598 B TW412598 B TW 412598B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/26—Bombardment with radiation
- H01L21/263—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation
- H01L21/265—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/76—Making of isolation regions between components
- H01L21/762—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers
- H01L21/7624—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers using semiconductor on insulator [SOI] technology
- H01L21/76251—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers using semiconductor on insulator [SOI] technology using bonding techniques
- H01L21/76254—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers using semiconductor on insulator [SOI] technology using bonding techniques with separation/delamination along an ion implanted layer, e.g. Smart-cut, Unibond
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/26—Bombardment with radiation
- H01L21/263—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation
- H01L21/265—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation
- H01L21/26506—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation in group IV semiconductors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S438/00—Semiconductor device manufacturing: process
- Y10S438/977—Thinning or removal of substrate
Description
412598 Β7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作杜印製 五、發明說明(1) 技術領域 本發明係關於一種轉移固體材料之薄膜的方法。定言 之,本方法可以用來將固體材料之薄膜轉移到由相同本質 或不同本質之固體材料所形成的載體上。 習知技藝之狀態 FR-A-2 681 472(對應於專利案US-A-5 374 564)描述 一種製造半導體材料之薄膜的方法。該案揭示將稀有或氫 氣體植入由半導體材料製程的基材内,可以在接近經植入 之離子的平均射程範圍(Rp)之深處形成一層微空隙或微泡 (也稱為”薄片”)》微空陈的觀念明顯包括微裂痕》微空隙 層的厚度係由植入條件決定。如果該基材經由其植入面與 強化器(stiffener)緊密接觸而且以夠高的溫度進行熱處理 ,則微空隙或微泡之間發生交互作用,使半導體基材分成 二半,首先半導薄膜與強化器結合,其次是與半導基材結 合之剩餘部分與強化器結合。在微空味或微泡之位置處發 生分離。熱處理係為由植入所造成之微泡或微空隙間發生 交互作用,致使薄膜和基材其餘部分分離者。因此,薄膜 係從初始基材轉移至作為該薄膜之載體的強化器《 該方法也可以用於製造除半導材料以外之結晶性或非 結晶性固體材料(導電性或介電材料)β 如果定界於基材内之薄膜本身夠堅硬(由於其厚度或 由於其機械性質)’則自行負載之薄膜可以在轉移驟冷後 獲得。請參考FR-A-2 738 671所述。 ΕΡ-Α-0 767 486揭示針對上述FR-A-2 681 472所提出 (請先閲讀背面之注4事項再填寫本Ϊ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS>A4規格(2】〇χ 297公釐) -4- A7 B7 五、發明說明(2) 的方法作改良。根據ΕΡ-Α-0 767 486(請參考第8欄),FR-A-2 681 472所述之方法具有下列缺點。欲轉移之薄膜的 厚度選擇自由度較弱。欲轉移之薄膜的厚度(對應於Rp)及 將薄膜從初始基材分離之條件互有關連。分離後所得之薄 膜表面的平坦度不令人滿意,而且也沒辦法在轉移期間保 持薄膜厚度均勻。ΕΡ-Α-0 767 486所提出的改良係包括在 形成於矽基材表面上之多孔矽層内深度Rp處進行離子植 入。該離子植入係造成多孔性增加至多孔層之孔壁内出現 空隙的程度。然後將該層視為細孔結構。在一些植入條件 下,根據FR-A-2 681 472所述之機制於該細孔層内進行分 離。因此,有二種區域效應,首先係由於多孔矽產生步驟 所形成之孔區域所致,其次係由小而完整的矽區域内孔之 間產生的空隙區域所致,如FR-A-2 681 472之方法所述。 因此,所提出之改良係包括使用多孔層以在分離後獲得控 制良好之均勻厚度。 ΕΡ-Α-0 767 486揭示的方法著力於形成多孔矽(多孔性 為數十個百分比),等於將矽或材料從分離區域分離,結 果造成材料變弱。 FR-A-2 681 472揭示之方法的更明顯改良係將由離子 植入法所得之微空隙層的厚度減小。這是本發明所要提出 的。 發明内容之描述 本發明所提出的改良因為初始的基材材料内產生包合 物或一組包合物,以限制離子植入步驟期間倒入的氣態化 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) <靖先《讀背面之注意Ϋ項再填寫本頁) ^ — — — — — —I — >llr—--— I — 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
五、發明說明(4) ’多相黏附材料的膨脹係數差異大於10%。 i請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 因此’本發明之目的在於提供一種轉移至少一界定在 初始基材内之固體材料薄膜的方法,其特徵在於其包括下 列步驟: -在初始基材内’於相當薄膜之所需厚度的深度處形 成一層包合物的步琢,這些包合物係被設計用來形成接著 被植入之氣態化合物用的陷阱; -植入該氣態化合物的步驟,這些氣態化合物的植入 能量係為其在基質内平均射程範圍相當於包合物層之深度 者’植入氣態化合物的劑量係足以造成微空陈形成,可能 沿著薄膜可能與基材其餘部分分離處產生斷裂平面。 植入步驟可以利用同時或接續地植入一或多種氣態化 合物的方式進行。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 初始基材可以由支撐由一或多個薄膜所組成之結構的 固體元件構成,其中該固體材料的薄膜必須定出界線。該 結構的全部或部分可以利用取向附生法獲得•該結構可以 為基材(可以是或可以不是取向附生載體)其餘部分可在薄 膜已轉移後再用來轉移另一薄膜者。包合物層可以由薄膜 沈積技術形成》然後,其可以利用產生枉體或產生顆粒的 方法形成。 包合物可以具有該氣態化合物化學親和力。包合物可 能源生自形成包合物層之材料及其相鄰之基材區域間的參 數不符。該參數不符可以包括結晶參數大小改變,沿著平 行於轉移結構表面之平面的结晶定向改變*其中一薄膜與 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(2】0 X 297公芨) 412598 A7 B7 i、發明說明(6) 零。其可以由增溫或減溫而達成β本發明之該減弱步驟係 可用或不用機械應力,將薄膜從基材其餘部分分離*該熱 處理可以由例如脈衝式加熱以快速增加溫度的方法獲得》 舉例而言,該脈衝式加熱法可以是RTA(Rapid Thermal Annealing)或 RTP(Rapid Thermal Process)型。 方法也可以包括下列步驟:將界定於基材内的薄膜在 從基材其餘部分分離後與其上將結合薄膜的載體緊密接觸 。薄膜可以直接緊密接觸(例如藉由晶面結合法)或透過添 加其上之材料接觸。熱處理步驟可以用來強化界定於基材 内的薄膜和添加其上之載體間的結合* 機械應力可以在熱處理期間及/或在熱處理之後施加 ,以助於薄膜與基材其餘部分之間的分離。 本發明之方法特別適用於從初始基材轉移薄矽膜。也 可以應用於從初始基材轉移由III-V族半導材料(例如 AsGa)做成的薄膜。薄膜本身可以由薄膜結構構成。在轉 移之前已被至少部分處理過,以在其上形成積體電路或光 電元件。 圈式的簡單說明 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 (請先Μ讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 為了進一步瞭解本發明之特徵及技術内容,請詳細參 閱以下有關本發明之說明,其實施例及所附之圖式,然而 該實施例僅供參考與說明,非為對本發明做任何限制者, 其中: 第1圊係為形成於初始載體上之基材的剖面囷,該初 始載體上係使用濺射技術,由於柱狀生長而形成包括一層 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準<CNS)A4規格(2]〇χ297公釐) 41.2598
經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作杜印製 五、發明說明(7) 包合物的薄膜結構; 第2圖係為形成於初始載體上之基材的剖面圖,該初 始載體上係使用濺射技術,由於柱狀生長而形成包括一層 包合物的薄膜結構: 第3囤及及第4圈係為顯示結晶组合物之柵格參數對倒 入組合物之元素含量的函數圖; 第5圓係為基材的剖面圈,其上以蝕刻法產生包合物 » 第6 A到6D囷顯示本發明的方法,其中薄膜轉移到強 化器上; 第7囷係為基材整個的剖面圖,該基材可以用來以本 發明之方法獲得SOI結構》 本發明之具體實施例的詳細說明 轉移薄膜之基材可以是固艎基材(由單一材料形成)或 複合基材,換言之,由基材與相同或不同化學及/或物理 天然物形成。 包合物可以在初始材料中產生,特別是藉由: -結構性改變初始材料(結晶結構,結晶取向,局部 不定形領域,不明(missing)材料等); -改變物理本質(增稠作用,製程期間氣體的包合物 ’植入各種離子’在數層上進行離子蝕刻及/或選擇性化 學及/或電化學蝕刻等); -改變化學本質或化學鍵(摻質效應,組合物變異效 應,先黏結構之介面的使用,沈溉物之凝核作用及/或生 <請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本I> 訂il·------線. 本纸張尺度i® «巾S时料(CNS)A彳跡⑵D >= 297公爱) -10- ΐιί Π 412598 A7 B7 經濟部智.¾財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(8)長等); •或多或少之局部材料變形(介面影響,熱處理對具 有不同膨脹係數之層的影響,連串層之間產生的應力影響 等)。 可以使用許多用來製備或處理薄膜材料的技術在相當 平行於材料表面之區域獲得包合物。 舉例而言,就應用而論,此種方法的優點在於其能使 基材針對一或多種堆跌薄膜而改變,針對部分或完全經過 處理之結構而改變,以產生微電子組件,感測器等*例如 ,該需求可能在轉移薄膜或結構欲進行熱處理,而最终載 體無法抗熱(溫度過高,熱膨脹係數差異過大等)的情況中 非常重要。 用來沈積薄膜的各種技術可以用來製造一或數層薄膜 的堆疊物,該堆疊物裡可以容易改變薄膜組合物,其應力 ’結構及形態外觀。薄膜沈積係指添加及/或製造一薄膜 。這些各種可能方法可以用來在植入氣態化合物前於初始 材料内產生包合物*所述之介面,薄膜極其鄰近區域係依 序被視為包合物的區域,作為在本方法之步驟期間植入氣 態化合物用的陷阱。 依照欲製備之材料的本質從許多沈積技術中選擇許多 沈積技術。材料可以是不定形,多晶形或單晶形》對於一 些應用而言’必須以取向附生法(均相或異相)進行沈積。 最常使用的技術包括以離子濺射進行的沈積法,以高或低 壓於氣相中反應進行的沈積法,以等離子體輔助或不以等 — — II 丨— — — — — — — > ·丨—丨!—訂· I I ! I I I- (請先Isil背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用令國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公爱) A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(9) 離子效輔助之沈積法,以分子射出進行的沈積法,以在液 相中取向附生所進行的沈積法,輔以雷射消融(laser ablation) ° 離子濺射技術能以不同取向及大小柱狀生長。這些大 小及取向可以根據沈積壓力,溫度及能量條件控制。在柱 狀生長時,停止一些條柱生長以利於其它條柱壯大。舉例 而言’再製造Co(Zr,Nb)薄膜時,沈積期間30毫托耳的有 助於柱狀生長。該影箏就初始載體平面而言可以用來 impose特定磁性性質於沈積物氬壓力。已停止生長之條柱 尾端處的區域及/或附近係為獨特區域· 第1圈說明因此所得的基材。其係從初始基材1形成, 可為複合基材或可以不是複合基材,其上以濺射法生長薄 膜結構2。結構2裡面刺激了柱狀生長,建立將作為欲植入 之氣態化合物用之陷阱區域的包合物層3»陷阱區域裡面 或周圍之斷裂表面的位置係視所產生之陷阱的效率而定。 該沈積技術也可以在中級大小的顆粒中以非常容易控 制的空間大小生長。例如’如果Tm為欲沈積材料的溶融 溫度’則使得T/Tm比例超過0.5的沈積溫度T有助於結晶 顆粒生長。關於該標題之進一步資料請參考A.g· DIRKS 及H.J. LEAMY(出版於Thin Solid Films期刊,47, 219 (1977) β顆粒間的接點也是本發明方法之包合物區域。 第2圓係說明因此所得的基材。其係藉由複合或非複 合式初始載體5形成,該初始載體5上以濺射法生長薄膜結 構6。結構6裡面刺激粒狀生長,建立了將作為欲植入之氣 (請先Μ讀背面之注意事項典填寫本買) 訂---r------線 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準<CNS)A4規格(2】0 * 297公芨) -12- J1598
經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(10) 態化合物用之陷阱區域的包合物層7包合物區域處之斷裂 表面的位置係視所產生之陷阱的效率而定。 概言之’薄膜沈積技術可以用來獲得具精準控制厚度 之薄膜。然後可以獲得由單層或多層薄膜構成的薄結構。 薄膜沈積可以以任何結晶關係(與初始載體及/或薄膜間有 關係)或以取向附生法進行《而且,薄膜沈積必須包括沈 積含緩衝層及/或種層的多層薄膜,以形成結晶結構^注 意’就薄膜在同本質之載艘上取向附生的情況而言,介面 (如果有的話)可以位於包合物處。接著植入的氣態化合物 將位於該介面處及/或附近。 這些由一或多層薄膜形成的結構佔有包合物區域全部 或部分,其中: -薄膜的物理及/或化學本質(薄膜間的化學介面,多 層結構情況裡結晶取向的變異,稍後植入之氣態化合物的 親和力等); -存在於這些各種薄骐及所產生之介面裡的應力(由 於結晶碎不符’熱膨服係數不同,介面粗縫度大,除了欲 沈積之材料元素外的元素包合物,異相包合物等所致)。 舉例而言’可以製造多層結構,其中沈積至少一結晶 層’以一或數層薄膜從初始結晶載體分離,稱為緩衝及/ 或種層。結晶薄膜裡的結晶取向可以與初始載體的取向一 致或不同*緩衝層的角色在於刺激全部或部分薄片表面上 的結晶取向變異,尤其是關於初始載體的平面。該情況裡 ’產生應力及/或錯置區域,用來調適結晶篩。該區域位 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(2】0 X 297公釐) -13- — — — — — — — — — — — I ^ - --------11-11111 · (請先閲讀背面之注意Ϋ項再填寫本頁> 4^2598
經濟部智慧財1局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(n) 於接近所述的薄膜處。為了沈積超導性YBaCuO薄膜,係 以取向附生方式形成於SrTi03&/或〇6〇2緩衝層上。這些 缓衝層係以取向附生方法形成於藍寶石基材上的R平面 (1102)。為使篩網吻合,係強迫旋轉45。類型<〇〇1>的平 面結晶軸’同時在接近介面或所述薄膜的柱體裡產生高應 力。該45°轉動可以在一些區域裡藉由穿插非常薄的Mg〇 薄膜在這些區域裡的方式取消。關於該標題之進一步的資 料請參考 S. NICOLETTI等人所著之”Bi-Epitaxial YBCO Grain Boundary Josephson Junctions on SrTi03 andSapphire Substrates,’(Physical Journal C 269(1996)255-267) o 關於因結晶篩之間不符所致的應力的另一實例可為 Si(l-x)Gex薄膜沈積在矽載體上的化學蒸汽相沈積法 (CVD)。應力將隨著薄膜组合物裡的鍺濃度X的函數控制 。第3圖係顯示柵格參數PR如何隨組合物裡的錯濃度X變 化。直線10的斜率等於+ 0.022毫微米,其係視Ge的原子 百分比而定。另一實例為關於沈積於輕微摻質之發板上, 矽薄膜内摻質程度(例如摻質硼1〇14到102。原子數/立方公 分)之應力的影響。第4圊係顯示網路參數PR如何隨以原 子百分比表示的硼原子濃度X的函數變化。直線u的斜率 等於-0.14。在此也因化學本質而涵蓋包合物的概念。因 此,沈積於矽載體上,接著覆蓋一層包覆層的丁丨薄膜仍保 持對任何可能存在(”吸氣劑,,效應)及在稍後的熱處理期間 擴散通過矽的氧具有敏感度。引發效應係用來產生稱為包 <請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂---Γ------線 本紙張尺度適用中國酉家標準(CNS)A4規格(2J〇 X 297公釐) -14·
H2538 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 __B7_五、發明說明(12) 合物區域的應力區域。 薄膜沈積期間產生應力的實例為使用沈積參數,例如 沈積壓力,沈積溫度,沈積功率,經由載體氣體分壓比例 的沈積大氣組合物,中性氣體及反應性氣體。一般皆知, 應力可能在經沈積之薄膜產生内高壓縮或高張力,此係視 薄膜沈積壓力而定。A. MATERNE等人所著的文章”Change in stress and Coercivity after Annealing of Amorphous Co(Zr, Nb) Thin Films Deposited by R.F. Sputtering^ (E.M.M.A. conf. Salford, United Kingdom, September 14-16, 1987)中包含關於該標題的進一步資料。因此,就以陰 極濺射Co(Zr,Nb)薄膜的沈積法而言,數毫托耳的低壓將 導致薄膜呈現壓縮狀態,然而數十毫托耳的高壓將造成同 —材料呈現張力狀態》已由化學分析測得,該變異係在沈 積的同時由薄膜内的氬及氧密度造成。應力的大小係為可 以在有限的情況中造成薄膜結合缺陷者。 “薄膜沈積”係包括任何在沈積之前或之後進行的熱及 或物理化學處理,以在經沈積之薄膜内引發這些效應。 包合物也可以藉由蝕刻法產生"由乾式方法(離子, 反應性離子)及/或”濕”式化學方法(選擇性蝕刻,向異性蝕 刻)及/或電化學方法可以用來獲得在非常小之表面積上打 開之經選擇大小的空隙。這些空隙可以在稍後填充轉移所 必需之氣態化合物的陷阱材料。 蝕刻多層結構所用的技術可以用來產生包合物,在全 部或一些薄片表面上或多或少地輔以部分掩革技術(微電 (請先Μ讀背*之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂----------線 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公g > -15- 412598 A7 B7 1、發明說明(13) (請先W讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 子領域的傳統技術)*因此,可以在非常薄的氮化矽表面 薄膜裡蝕刻非常小(次撤米)開孔的栅格。隔離技術係透過 掩罩使用於正或負樹脂薄膜*在一些區域裡,樹脂薄膜可 以接著藉由所述樹脂採用的顯影劑以化學方式取出。在一 些開放區域裡,使用加速離子束的蚀刻技術(稱為離子社 刻法)可以用來產生氮化矽薄膜内的開孔^當該表面薄膜 沈積於矽薄膜表面上時,變成可能再產生開孔的生產線上 藉由使用氩氧化四甲基銨來蝕刻矽》該化學蝕刻非常具選 擇性,其程度矽蝕刻速度超過氮化物蝕刻速度的100倍* 也可能產生比氮化物薄膜内形成之開孔更大的空隙。 第5圖係顯示該類型的具體實施例。其說明由初始栽 體14,覆蓋一層矽薄膜15所構成的基材13»薄膜15係塗復 一層非常薄的氮化矽16,但化矽薄膜16内形成非常小的開 孔17 »開孔17係用來獲得矽薄膜15内的空隙18。視但化石夕 薄膜16内形成支開孔17的空間大小及該薄膜16的厚度而定 ,可以在空隙18内沈積材料19,該材料(例如吸氣劑效應 用的鈦)的化學本質係有利於在稍後的植入步驟期間包陷 氣態化合物(例如氧)。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 接著’由一層沈積所得的開孔可能受到阻斷。該沈積 步驟不是一定必須的’例如在轉移結晶矽薄膜裡pad結構 的時候就不需要。同樣地在一些條件下,在經控制之大氣 裡熱處理係有利於合閉一些空隙,或甚至合閉空隙。在本 發明之方法裡,這些蝕刻區域將被視為包合物,且被視為 稍後植入之氣魅化合物的陷附〇 -16- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(2〗〇χ297公爱) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 412598 μ I ΐτΓίίΠΊΓι__~~« - — 丨 五、發明說明(ΐ4) 包合物也可以利用離子植入產生。 將中性化合物或離子轟置於材料中的植入法可以在已 經植入之元素的特定深度處產生富含包合物層。然後考慮 已經植入之化合物的靶材料電子及核子阻撓效應。在本發 明之方法裡,將初始材料作為把材料。植入方法可以以單 次或多次植入的方式進行。這些植入方法可以在每一次植 入期間或之間以熱處理輔助。經植入之化合物及相關缺陷 都出現在接近平均射程範園Rp内*所產生的包合物係在 局部材料内呈現小規棋的凌釓。其形態外觀及大小可以由 熱處理及/或單—級/或多次植入相同或不同元素的方式改 良。 例如,考慮使用 SIMOX(Separation by Implantation of Oxygen)方法產生絕緣體上覆有矽之材料。在高溫(例如大 約1300。〇熱處理後’接著以120keV植入氧,以改良所得 包合物之外貌和形態外親。在碎板裡面植入低劑量氧(大 約4.1017〇+/平方公分),可以典型產生深度250毫微米(典 型深度為80到1〇〇毫微米)的薄氧化物層。該層是有缺陷的 :這會或多或少地繼續下去(因為矽管存在的關係)而且該 層包含矽塊(典型的空間大小為數十毫微米)-視植入劑量 而定。該觀點請參考B. ASPAR等人所著,標題為’’Ultra Thin Buroed Oxide Layers Formed by Low Dose SIMOX Processes”,Proc. 6th International Conference on SOI Technology and Devices, Electroch. Soc. Vol 94-11(1994) 62»同樣地,該具有上薄膜之氧化物層的介面視進行的熱 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(2】0 X 297公爱) -17- I — — — — — — — — — — — ^ — Ι — — — — — — — — -(請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁> 412598 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(I5) 處理而多少有些粗糙》典型地,介面粗糙度可以控制在數 十毫微米到數毫微米之間的範团,如C. CUILHALMENC 等人所著,標題為 ’’Characterization by Atomic Force Microscopy of the SOI Layer Topology in Low-Dose SIMOX Materials” 的文章(Materials Science and Engineering journal B 46(1997) 29-32出版)所述》該植入層級其介面係 被視為包合物區域,本發明方法之第二步驟期間所植入之 氣態化合物用的限制區域。 也可以使用熱處理在初始材料,載體或在至少一層欲 轉移的薄膜結構内產生包合物。 例如對矽而言,”高·低-高”熱處理係用來沈澱存在於 材料特定深度内的氧。該深度就由Czochralski拉絲所得之 單晶性矽的其況裡典型為數毫微米》此係藉由施加溫度循 環而完成,該溫度循環典型包括超過1 〇〇〇°C之固定高溫, 接著低於900 eC之固定低溢,然後超過1 〇〇〇°c之另一固定 高溫。深度X的大小可以從擴散方程式(Dt)i”,其中D 為在熱處理溫度下的擴傲係數而t為該溫度下的擴散時間 。以熱處理所得之該層係作為包合物區域。 另一實例為’已知熱處理能在由上述任一種方法沈積 所得之薄膜内調整應力。因此,對以CVD沈積之氧化矽 薄膜而言超過500°C之熱處理可以降低壓縮應力,或完全 解除其應力’或甚至將其轉化成張力β [請參考A. SLINTANI等人,J_ Appl. Phys. 51 ⑻,ρ 4197(1980)]。該 種行為被認為是由氧化物雨水蒸汽反應所造成。其可能因 (請先M讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) — — — — —— 訂-I If n —r n I 線 本纸張尺度適用中國园家標準(CNS)A4規格(2】0* 297公釐) 41259B A/ Β7 五、發明說明(】6) 除氣效應或濃縮效應而受到干擾。同樣地,薄膜和初始載 艘(或其它薄膜)之間的大量熱膨脹可能產生高應力及局部 地產生應力包合物,助於包陷氣態化合物。舉例而言,如 產生在藍寶石,R平面上的矽薄膜•膨脹係數分別為4.10-VK及9.10·6/Κ »因為應力非常侷限於介面附近的薄膜厚度 裡面’所以這造成材料局部變形。這樣受到干擾的區域被 當作本發明方法的包合物。 另一種在平面薄膜結構上引發應力的方式為在初始載 體之背面上沈積一層應力非常高的薄末,致使其形變(内 凹或外凸)。然後薄膜結構變形。欲以本發明方法轉移包 括一或多層之薄膜的結構裡局部受到應力的區域係為稍後 植入其上之氣態化合物用的包合物區域。 本發明之方法包括在所要之材料内產生包合物之後進 行的第二步驟。該第二步驟包括將氣態化合物(原子,離 子)植入在接近上一步驟所得之包合物層的深度處。這些 氣態化合物因包合物的存在而限制在某範圍内β其參與轉 移斷裂所需之微空揀,微泡(或’,薄片”)的凝核及/或生長作 用。該植入步驟可以經由欲轉移之結構的平面表面以轟置 及/或以等離子體輔助擴散及/或以熱處理及/或以電極化進 行。 在以轟置植入(中性化合物及/或離子)的情況裡,這 些氣態化合物係植入於平均射程範圍,Rp ^該深度係為 植入指定靶内之元素的植入能量的特徵。因此,選擇植入 能量為深度相當於包合物區域者。氣態化合物可以是或可 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS>A4規格(210x297公釐) (請先閲it背面之iit事項再填寫本頁) -1 I— at 1· Kf n ί <^1 I 線 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 412598
經濟部智慧財產局員工湞費合作社印製 五、發明說明(Π) 以部是希有氣想,例如,H,F,He。其可以同時植入或 接續地植入。 第6Α到6D圖係說明本發明在薄膜轉移到強化器上之 情況裡的方法《第6Α圖係顯示基材20(例如由薄膜形成於 初始載體上之結構所構成),其包括由上述一種方法形成 的包合物區域21。包合物區域係位於距基材表面22,相當 於欲轉移之薄膜厚度的距離處。第6Β圓係說明離子植入 步驟。氣態化合物係藉由例如轟置或擴散方式,經由基材 的表面22植入*與深度ρ成函數的氣態化合物密度係為其 平均射程範圍Rp相當於包合物區域21者,該包合物區域21 隨著氣態化合物的高密度而變成陷阱區域。第6C圖係說 明基材20表面22因添加中間層24而結合在強化器23上》也 可以使用其它技術來結合表面22及強化器23,而不用添加 中間層。第60囷係說明如上述所需之熱能函數所說明之 適當熱處理後的分離步驟。該®式裡,分離斷裂進入陷阱 區域。因此,初始基材包括结合強化器23之薄膜25及其餘 部分26。圖中顯示陷阱包括二個分離區域。然而^根據情 況而定,其可以藉由與薄膜25結合,或與基材的其餘部分 2 6結合而保持完整* 在以氣體擴散法植入的情況裡,化合物可以藉由調整 擴散時間及溫度,使其擴散至接近包合物深度之處。可使 用典型擴散方程式來調整擴散深度。因此,在9:15之比例 的氬及氫大氣(稱為形成氣體)下熱處理能使氫在大約350 艺下在矽中擴散。 — II--- I — — — — — ^ ----- - I - 1!111111 (請先Μΐι背面之注項再填寫本 本紙張尺度通用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公* ) -20- 經濟部智慧財產局員Η消費合作社印製 4!2598 at ----------B7___ 五、發明說明(is) 無論植入方法為何,經植入之氣態化合物的數量必須 足以參與從上述包合物或其附近凝核及/或發展微空隙, 微泡(或薄片)》植入條件(劑量,能量,靶溫度,植入時 間)尤其視下列因素而定: •初始材料(靶), -包合物之本質及位置, -植入步驟所提供的熱能, -經植入之氣態化合物的本質, -下一個黏附步驟所提供的熱能(如果有的話), -藉由減弱熱處理所提供之熱能(能量), -任何的機械應力♦ 然而,經植入之計量必須低於植入期間材料内發生剝 落所測得的最大計量。包合物之效率係受限於其對轉移所 需之氣態化合物的限制能力,將接近包合物之這些化合物 的濃度列入考慮。 在離子植入的情況裡,該效應可利用由於植入Rp附 近之經植入化合物的濃度較高而減小植入物寬度做說明。 例如,考慮欲轉移之結構包括0.4微米後形成於矽載體上 的5丨〇2薄膜》能量1001€6¥,等於3.〗〇1611 + /平方公分之氣 之第一次離子植入(設計用來產生包合物)將得到平均深度 為0.9微米的氫濃度。熱處理典型在大約350eC進行2小時 ,而且設計用來改良包合物之形態外觀(微空隙)。傾發現 ’包含空隙之層比在使用較高劑量植入之情況,如FR-冬 2 681 472所述之方法中所得者更薄。包合物區域相當於 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(2J0 X 297公釐) -21 - <請先Μ讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ^--------訂---------線 A7 B7 412598 五、發明說明(b) 該生長微空隊層。第二次植入2J016H+/平方公分將足以 能在分離熱處理,例如在500t下進行1小時期間在接近該 包合物處斷製》 非常容易瞭解因所得之包合物區域厚度及/或所用之 薄膜結構限制微空隊,微泡(或薄片)在非常薄之厚度範圍 内及其可能位置的優點。同樣地,斷裂表面的硬度也將由 於限制包合物及因此限制斷裂區域而降低e 概言之’接著可能降低凝核及/或發展微空隙所需之 植入劑量及/或降低欲施加的力量及/或降低引發斷裂之熱 處理的能量· 設計用來獲得形成於載艘上之最终結構的轉移方法假 設,初始材料係在第三步驟期間加在第二載鱧上β藉由晶 圓結合’或透過結合層而直接接觸。這必須使最終載想扮 演強化器的角色。在兩種接觸(直接或間接)方式中,可能 需要以低溫熱處理進行固定步驟。該處理必須不妨礙初始 材料中微空隙及斷裂生長機制。必須考慮到方法中第四步 称期間引發斷裂所需之熱能》如果欲轉移之結構充分堅硬 及/或厚度夠而且該步驟不是一定必要的,則’,自行負載” 之結構將在轉移期間獲得。 因此,在復蓋一層Si〇2薄膜,欲轉移至矽載體之結構 的實例中,200°C的溫度係足以強化晶圓結合β氧化薄膜 及矽載體之間的黏附能量將超過0.3焦耳/平方米* 轉移薄膜結構之方法裡的第四步驟熱處理,該熱處理 需要明訂時間及溫度’特別是與所得包合物之效率,已植 本紙張尺度適用令國因家標準(CNS)A4規格<210 X 297公釐)
請 先 讀 背 面 之 注 * 事 項 再 填 寫 本 I 訂 線 經濟部智慧財1局員工消費合作社印製 -22-
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- 第87121806號專利申請案申請專利範圍修正本 修正日期:89年01月 1· 一種轉移至少一界定在初始基材(20)内之固體材料薄 膜(25)的方法,其特徵在於其包括下列步驟: -在初始基材(20)内,於一相當於所需之薄膜厚 度的深度處形成一層包合物(21)的步驟,這些包合物 係被設計用來形成接著被植入之氣態化合物用的陷阱 -植入該氣態化合物的步驟,這些氣態化合物的 植入能量係為其在基質(20)内之平均射程範圍相當於 包合物層(21)之深度者’被植入的氣態化合物的劑量 係足以造成微空陈之形成,該微空隙可能沿著薄膜可 能與基材之其餘部分分離之處而盖生一斷裂平面。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中初始基材係由一個 固體元件所構成,該固體元件支撐一或多個該固體材 料的薄膜必須被界定於内之薄膜結構。 3. 如申請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中該結構的全部或部 分係利用取向附生法而被獲得。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閎讀背面之注意Ϋ項再填寫本頁) 4. 如申請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中該結構可以為基材 (可以是或可以不是取向附生載體)之其餘部分可在薄 膜已被轉移後再被用來轉移另一薄膜者。 5. 如申請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中包合物層係由一薄 膜沈積技術所形成。 6. 如申請專利範圍第5項之方法’其中包合物層(3)係由 本紙張尺度適用中S®家揉準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公羡第87121806號專利申請案申請專利範圍修正本 修正日期:89年01月 1· 一種轉移至少一界定在初始基材(20)内之固體材料薄 膜(25)的方法,其特徵在於其包括下列步驟: -在初始基材(20)内,於一相當於所需之薄膜厚 度的深度處形成一層包合物(21)的步驟,這些包合物 係被設計用來形成接著被植入之氣態化合物用的陷阱 -植入該氣態化合物的步驟,這些氣態化合物的 植入能量係為其在基質(20)内之平均射程範圍相當於 包合物層(21)之深度者’被植入的氣態化合物的劑量 係足以造成微空陈之形成,該微空隙可能沿著薄膜可 能與基材之其餘部分分離之處而盖生一斷裂平面。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中初始基材係由一個 固體元件所構成,該固體元件支撐一或多個該固體材 料的薄膜必須被界定於内之薄膜結構。 3. 如申請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中該結構的全部或部 分係利用取向附生法而被獲得。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閎讀背面之注意Ϋ項再填寫本頁) 4. 如申請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中該結構可以為基材 (可以是或可以不是取向附生載體)之其餘部分可在薄 膜已被轉移後再被用來轉移另一薄膜者。 5. 如申請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中包合物層係由一薄 膜沈積技術所形成。 6. 如申請專利範圍第5項之方法’其中包合物層(3)係由 本紙張尺度適用中S®家揉準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公羡 412598 ί88 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 ' 產生柱體所構成。 7. 如申請專利範圍第5項之方法,纟—包合物層⑺係由 產生顆粒接頭所構成。 8. 如申請專利範圍第丨項之方法’其中包合物對該氣態化 合物具有一化學親和力。 9. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法’其中該包合物係源生自 形成包合物層之材料及其相鄰之基材區域間的參數不 符。 10. 如申請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中包合物層係藉由一 蝕刻基材(13)之層(15)的技術所形成。 11. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法’其中包合物層係藉由將 元素植入基材層而被形成》 12. 如申請專利範圍第11項之方法,其中以能增加陷阱效 率之熱處理來輔助元素之植入。 13. 如申請專利範圍第11項之方法,其中包合物之形態外 觀藉由一熱處理而被改良。 14. 如申請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中包合物層係藉由熱 處理位於薄膜結構内之薄膜而被獲得。 15. 如申請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中包合物層係藉由對 該薄膜結構内之薄膜施加應力而被獲得。 16. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中氣態化合物係藉由 轟置選自於中性化合物/及離子之化合物的方式而被植 入。 17·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法’其中氣態化合物係藉由 本紙浪尺度逋用中國國家揉準(CNS ) A4规格(210X297公釐) <請先閲讀背面之注^K項再填寫本頁) 訂—: 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 Α8 Β8 C8 D8 412598 κ、申請專利範圍 一種選自於下列之方法而被植入:等離子體擴散法、 熱擴散法及結合熱擴散之等離子擴散法及/或輔以電極 化的擴散法。 18.如申請專利範圍第〗項之方法,其中該方法包括一能減 弱包合物層内之基材的熱處理步驟,以使薄膜(25)及 基材(26)之其餘部分之間能分離》 19·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該方法也包括一個 將被界定於基材内的薄膜(25)在與基材之其餘部分(26) 分離後令該薄膜緊密接觸一個該薄膜將會結合的載體 (23)之步驟。 20.如申請專利範圍第19項之方法,其中該緊密接觸係藉 由晶圓結合法。 21·如申請專利範圍第〗8項之方法’其中減弱基材之熱處 理步驟係藉由脈衝式加熱法來完成。 22,如申請專利範圍第丨項之方法,其中該方法包括使用機 械應力’以助於薄膜與基材其餘部分之間的分離。 23‘如申請專利範圍第!項之方法,其係供用於從一初始基 材來轉移一薄矽骐。 24‘如申請專利範圍第丨項之方法,其係供用於從—初始基 材來轉移一III-V半導體材料薄膜。 25·如申請專利範圍第〗項之方法,其係供用於轉移一個本 身由一薄膜構成之結構所構成的薄膜。 26.如申請專利範圍第丨項之方法,其中薄膜在其被轉移以 形成一積體電路之前被至少部分地處理過。 本紙張认適用中固國家標年(CNS ) Α4胁(2[〇χ297^ > (請先《讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、?! 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作杜印製412598 六、申請專利範圍27.如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中薄膜在其被轉移以 形成一光電組件之前被至少部分地處理過。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本I) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 4 本紙張尺度逋用中國®家標率(CNS ) A4规格(210X297公釐)
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FR9716696A FR2773261B1 (fr) | 1997-12-30 | 1997-12-30 | Procede pour le transfert d'un film mince comportant une etape de creation d'inclusions |
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US (5) | US6756286B1 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP2175478B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3681178B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100545338B1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69841545D1 (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2773261B1 (zh) |
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1997
- 1997-12-30 FR FR9716696A patent/FR2773261B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1998
- 1998-12-28 MY MYPI98005905A patent/MY119838A/en unknown
- 1998-12-29 US US09/380,322 patent/US6756286B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-29 EP EP10152671.3A patent/EP2175478B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-29 JP JP53575599A patent/JP3681178B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-12-29 EP EP98964541A patent/EP0963598B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-29 DE DE69841545T patent/DE69841545D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-29 WO PCT/FR1998/002904 patent/WO1999035674A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1998-12-29 KR KR1019997007659A patent/KR100545338B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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1999
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1999035674A1 (fr) | 1999-07-15 |
US6756286B1 (en) | 2004-06-29 |
FR2773261A1 (fr) | 1999-07-02 |
DE69841545D1 (de) | 2010-04-22 |
FR2773261B1 (fr) | 2000-01-28 |
US20070232025A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
US20040058555A1 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
EP2175478B1 (fr) | 2017-05-17 |
EP0963598B1 (fr) | 2010-03-10 |
US20110092051A1 (en) | 2011-04-21 |
KR100545338B1 (ko) | 2006-01-24 |
KR20000075598A (ko) | 2000-12-26 |
MY119838A (en) | 2005-07-29 |
US8470712B2 (en) | 2013-06-25 |
US8609514B2 (en) | 2013-12-17 |
US7229899B2 (en) | 2007-06-12 |
EP2175478A2 (fr) | 2010-04-14 |
JP2001507525A (ja) | 2001-06-05 |
EP2175478A3 (fr) | 2014-11-19 |
US20130273713A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
US7883994B2 (en) | 2011-02-08 |
JP3681178B2 (ja) | 2005-08-10 |
EP0963598A1 (fr) | 1999-12-15 |
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