JP2013064403A - エンジンおよび排出物の協調制御システム - Google Patents
エンジンおよび排出物の協調制御システム Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N9/005—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus using models instead of sensors to determine operating characteristics of exhaust systems, e.g. calculating catalyst temperature instead of measuring it directly
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
- F02D41/266—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor the computer being backed-up or assisted by another circuit, e.g. analogue
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/04—Methods of control or diagnosing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
- F01N2900/1402—Exhaust gas composition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/1412—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using a predictive controller
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/1433—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using a model or simulation of the system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
- F02D2250/36—Control for minimising NOx emissions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Abstract
【解決手段】本システムは、排気後処理装置を組み込むことができる。排気後処理装置は、選択的触媒還元を使用して、エンジンの排気から一定の排出物を除去することができる。尿素溶液が、排気排出物の中に挿入されてよく、尿素溶液は、アンモニアに分解されて、排出物の中のNOxを還元するための還元剤になる。エンジンは制御器で管理されてよく、排気後処理装置は別の制御器で管理されてよい。これらの制御器は縦続接続されてよく、またはエンジン性能と排出物削減との階層制御または協調制御を提供する第3の制御器で管理されてよい。実際のエンジンと選択的触媒還元の後処理装置との協調制御のためのシステムを設計および構築することにおいて支援するために、エンジンおよび排気後処理装置がモデル化されてよい。制御器は、予測モデル制御器であってよい。
【選択図】図6
Description
一連の図1〜図4は、エンジンおよび排出制御手法について、本システムの例を示す図5および図6につながる基本的要素のいくつかを表示する。図1は、基本的なエンジンプラントモデルシステム10の図である。入力12(Weng)は、検出されたエンジン速度、燃料供給率(fueling rate)、温度および大気圧などの周囲条件、他を組み込むことができる。入力13(ueng)は、エンジンにおけるアクチュエータへの信号(例えば、可変形状タービン(variable geometry turbine)(VGT)、排気ガス再循環(EGR)、スロットル、燃料噴射仕様(fuel injection specifications)、可変弁駆動(variable valve actuation)、他)を組み込んでよい。「ueng」は、1つまたは複数のエンジンアクチュエータとしてみなされてよい。ターボ過給器(turbocharger)を有するディーゼルエンジンなど、エンジンプラントモデルを表すブロック(Geng)11が存在してよい。出力14は、エンジンのSFC(例えば、グラム/キロワット時を単位とする燃料消費率(specific fuel consumption))に基づいてよい。出力15は、エンジンのPM(粒子状物質(particulate matter))出力を示してよく、出力17は、エンジンのNOxeng(すなわち、窒素酸化物)出力を示してよい。NOxは、百万分の一で測定されてよい。
式(1)において、Uoptは最適制御信号の軌跡であり、J(U,x,p)はMPCのコスト関数であり、g(U,x,p)はMPCの制約を表し、Uは最適化変数であり、xは制御システムの内部状態であってよく、pは種々のパラメータを表してよい。コスト関数J(U,x,p)は、種々のペナルティの加重和、例えば予測区間(prediction horizon)にわたる追従誤差(tracking error)の二乗された第2のノルム(squared 2nd norm)の和、アクチュエータ運動の二乗された第2のノルムの和、他であってよい。制約g(U,x,p)は、アクチュエータに対する制限、および予測区間にわたる種々の制御変数に対する制限を含んでよい。
本システムおよび/または本手法が、少なくとも1つの例示的な例に関して説明されたが、多くの変形形態および改変形態が、本明細書を読むと当業者には明らかとなろう。それゆえ、添付の特許請求の範囲は、すべてのそのような変形形態および改変形態を含むために、関連技術を考慮して可能な限り広く解釈されることが意図される。
11 Gengブロック
12 Weng入力
13 ueng信号
14 SFC出力
15 PM出力
17 NOxeng出力
18 基本的エンジン構成
19 yengフィードバック
21 Kengブロック(エンジン制御器)
23 SCRプラントシステム
24 Gscr SCR後処理装置
25 uurea信号
26 NOxscr出力
27 NH3scr出力
28 SCR制御システム
29 yscr信号(SCRセンサ)
31 Kscr SCR制御器ブロック
34 縦続接続された協調制御システム
36 reng信号
38 階層的協調制御システム
39 Kブロック(調整器)
41 rscr信号
Claims (4)
- ディーゼルエンジンと、
前記エンジンに接続するための選択的触媒還元の排気後処理機構と、
エンジン制御器と、
前記選択的触媒還元の排気後処理機構および前記エンジン制御器に接続された選択的触媒還元制御器と
を備え、
前記エンジン制御器および前記選択的触媒還元制御器が、前記エンジンからの排気排出物の中の汚染物質の量を制御するために、前記エンジンと、選択的触媒還元の排気後処理機構との協調制御を提供する、
選択的触媒還元制御システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムにおいて、
前記選択的触媒還元の排気後処理機構が、前記排気排出物の中の前記汚染物質の選択的触媒還元のために、触媒を前記排気排出物の中に供給し、
前記排気排出物の中に噴射されるアンモニアに分解される尿素溶液の量が、前記選択的触媒還元制御器からの信号によって決定され、
前記信号が、前記排気排出物の中の前記汚染物質に関する情報に従って尿素溶液の前記量を決定し、
前記汚染物質に関する前記情報が、前記排気排出物の中のNOxの大きさの示度を含む、
システム。 - ディーゼルエンジンおよび関連する構成要素の第1のモデルを設けるステップと、
前記ディーゼルエンジンの前記第1のモデルの排気に連結された排気後処理装置の第2のモデルを設けるステップと、
前記ディーゼルエンジンの前記第1のモデルに接続されたエンジン制御器を設けるステップと、
前記排気後処理装置の前記第2のモデルに接続された選択的触媒還元制御器を設けるステップと、
前記第1のモデルの排気の中の汚染物質を削減するために、前記第2のモデルによって提供される選択的触媒還元により前記排気を処理するステップをシミュレーションするステップと、
燃料効率を高めるための前記第1のモデルの動作をシミュレーションするステップと、
汚染物質の削減および前記燃料効率の向上を可能にするために、前記第1および前記第2のモデルを、それぞれ、前記第1および前記第2の制御器と連係させるステップと
を含み、
1つまたは複数の制御器がモデル予測制御器である、
選択的触媒還元のための方法。 - 排気後処理装置と、
前記排気後処理装置に接続されたシステム制御器と
を備え、
前記排気後処理装置が、ディーゼルエンジンの排気に接続するためのカップリングを備え、
前記システム制御器が、前記エンジンおよび前記排気後処理装置に接続され、
前記システム制御器が、前記エンジンからの汚染排出物の選択的触媒還元をもたらすために、前記エンジンと前記排気後処理装置との制御を連係させ、
前記システム制御器が、
監視用制御器と、
前記監視用制御器および前記エンジンに接続されたエンジン制御器と、
前記監視用制御器および前記排気後処理装置に接続された選択的触媒還元制御器と
を備える、
エンジン排出物削減システム。
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US13/236,217 US9677493B2 (en) | 2011-09-19 | 2011-09-19 | Coordinated engine and emissions control system |
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US20130067894A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
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