US20040006973A1 - System and method for controlling an engine - Google Patents
System and method for controlling an engine Download PDFInfo
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- US20040006973A1 US20040006973A1 US10/460,470 US46047003A US2004006973A1 US 20040006973 A1 US20040006973 A1 US 20040006973A1 US 46047003 A US46047003 A US 46047003A US 2004006973 A1 US2004006973 A1 US 2004006973A1
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- catalyst
- hego
- value
- output signal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
- F01N11/007—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring oxygen or air concentration downstream of the exhaust apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1439—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the position of the sensor
- F02D41/1441—Plural sensors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
- F01N2550/02—Catalytic activity of catalytic converters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
- F02D2200/0802—Temperature of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
- F02D2200/0816—Oxygen storage capacity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0295—Control according to the amount of oxygen that is stored on the exhaust gas treating apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
- F02D41/1456—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio with sensor output signal being linear or quasi-linear with the concentration of oxygen
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- This invention relates to a system and method for controlling an internal combustion engine.
- a known engine control system is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,842,340.
- the known system includes an engine coupled to an emission catalyst with an UEGO sensor disposed upstream of the catalyst and a HEGO disposed downstream of the catalyst.
- the system attempts to maintain a predetermined level of oxygen in an emission catalyst using a UEGO output signal and a binary HEGO output signal.
- a drawback of the system is that relatively complex integration algorithms are utilized to estimate the oxygen stored in the catalyst when only using the binary states of the downstream HEGO output signal.
- the inventors herein have recognized that the control algorithms for maintaining a catalyst at an optimal oxygen storage level can be greatly simplified.
- the inventors herein have recognized that a narrow linear operating range of the HEGO output signal corresponds to an optimal catalyst oxygen storage capacity range.
- optimal performance of the catalyst is maintained.
- inventive system utilizes the linear operating region of the HEGO sensor, the equations utilized to determine the oxygen storage level in the catalyst are greatly simplified.
- the present invention provides a system, a method, and an article of manufacture for controlling an engine.
- the method for controlling an engine coupled to an emission system in accordance with a first aspect of the present invention includes an emission catalyst and a HEGO sensor disposed downstream of at least a portion of the catalyst.
- the method includes adjusting an air-fuel ratio of the engine to substantially maintain an output signal from the downstream HEGO sensor within a predetermined linear operating range.
- a system for controlling an engine coupled to a downstream emission catalyst in accordance with a second aspect of the present invention includes a HEGO sensor disposed downstream of at least a portion of the catalyst generating a first output signal.
- the system further includes a controller receiving the output signal and configured to adjust an air-fuel ratio of the engine to substantially maintain the output signal from the HEGO sensor within a predetermined linear operating range.
- the article of manufacture includes a computer storage medium having a computer program encoded therein for controlling an engine coupled to an emission system.
- the system has an emission catalyst and a HEGO sensor disposed downstream of at least a portion of the catalyst generating an output signal.
- the computer storage medium includes code for adjusting an air-fuel ratio of the engine to substantially maintain an output signal from the downstream HEGO sensor within a predetermined linear operating range.
- the system and method for controlling an engine represent a significant improvement over conventional systems and methods.
- the system utilizes greatly simplified oxygen storage algorithms for air-fuel control by maintaining a downstream HEGO sensor within the linear operating range of the HEGO sensor.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic of a vehicle having an engine and a control system in accordance with the present invention.
- FIGS. 2 A- 2 E is a flowchart of a method for controlling an engine in accordance with the present invention.
- FIGS. 3 A- 3 G are signal schematics illustrating operation of the control system when maintaining the HEGO sensor output signal within a linear operating region.
- FIGS. 4 A- 4 F are signal schematics illustrating operation of the control system when the system is adjusting the estimated catalyst capacity range to induce the HEGO sensor output signal move toward a linear operating region.
- FIG. 5 is a signal schematic of the HEGO sensor output signal illustrating the linear operating region of the sensor.
- Vehicle 10 includes an internal combustion engine 12 and an engine control system 14 in accordance with the present invention.
- Engine 12 includes a combustion chamber 30 , cylinder walls 32 , a piston 34 , a crankshaft 35 , a spark plug 36 , an intake manifold 38 , an exhaust manifold 40 , an intake valve 42 , an exhaust valve 44 , a throttle body 46 , a throttle plate 48 , a fuel injector 50 , and an emission catalyst 52 .
- Combustion chamber 30 communicates with intake manifold 38 and exhaust manifold 40 via respective intake and exhaust valves 42 , 44 .
- Piston 34 is positioned within combustion chamber 30 between cylinder walls 32 and is connected to crankshaft 35 . Ignition of an air-fuel mixture within combustion chamber 30 is controlled via spark plug 36 which delivers ignition spark responsive to a signal from distributorless ignition system 54 .
- Intake manifold 38 communicates with throttle body 46 via throttle plate 48 .
- Throttle plate 48 is controlled by electric motor 55 which receives a signal from ETC driver 56 .
- ETC driver 56 receives a control signal (DC) from a controller 58 .
- Intake manifold 38 is also shown having fuel injector 50 coupled thereto for delivering fuel in proportion to the pulse width of signals (FPW) from controller 58 .
- Fuel is delivered to fuel injector 50 by a conventional fuel system (not shown) including a fuel tank, fuel pump, and fuel rail (now shown).
- port fuel injection is shown, direct fuel injection could be utilized instead of port fuel injection.
- Catalyst 52 reduces exhaust gas constituents such as nitrous oxides (NOx) and oxidizes carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HC).
- NOx nitrous oxides
- CO carbon monoxide
- HC hydrocarbons
- Control system 14 is provided to control the operation of engine 12 in accordance with the present invention.
- Control system 14 includes distributorless ignition system 54 , an electric motor 55 for controlling the throttle plate 48 , an ETC driver 56 , exhaust gas sensors 60 , 64 , a mass air flow sensor 68 , a temperature sensor 70 , a throttle position sensor 72 , a torque sensor 74 , an engine speed sensor 76 , a pedal position sensor 78 , an accelerator pedal 80 , and controller 58 .
- Mass air flow sensor 68 generates a signal indicating the inducted mass air flow (AM) that is transmitted to controller 58 .
- Sensor 68 may be coupled to the throttle body 46 or intake manifold 38 .
- Temperature sensor 70 generates a signal indicating the engine coolant temperature (ECT) received by controller 58 .
- Sensor 70 may be coupled to cooling jacket 71 in cylinder wall 36 .
- Throttle position sensor 72 generates a signal indicating a throttle position (TP) of throttle plate 48 received by controller 58 for closed-loop control of plate 48 .
- Torque sensor 74 generates a signal (TQ) that may indicate one of following torque values: (i) an engine crankshaft torque, ii) a transmission torque, such as for example, a torque converter turbine torque or a transmission output shaft torque, or (iii) an axle torque.
- TQ a signal that may indicate one of following torque values: (i) an engine crankshaft torque, ii) a transmission torque, such as for example, a torque converter turbine torque or a transmission output shaft torque, or (iii) an axle torque.
- Engine speed sensor 76 may comprise a hall effect sensor that generates a signal (N) indicating an engine speed. Sensor 76 may be coupled to crankshaft 35 and transmits signal (N) to controller 58 .
- Accelerator pedal 80 is shown communicating with a driver's foot 82 .
- Pedal position sensor 78 generates a signal indicating acceleration pedal position (PP) that is transmitted to controller 58 .
- PP acceleration pedal position
- a universal exhaust gas oxygen (UEGO) 60 sensor also known as a proportional oxygen sensor generates a signal whose magnitude is proportional to the oxygen level (and the air-fuel ratio) in the exhaust gases.
- UEGO sensor 60 is disposed upstream of catalyst 52 and generates a signal (UEGO_S) proportional to an oxygen concentration in the exhaust gases.
- Heated exhaust gas oxygen sensor (HEGO) sensor 64 is disposed downstream of at least some portion of a catalyst 52 .
- HEGO sensor 64 could be disposed downstream a predetermined distance from catalyst 52 .
- HEGO sensor 64 could be disposed at least partially within catalyst 52 at a predetermined location along an axial length of catalyst 52 .
- HEGO sensor 64 generates a signal (HEGO_S) indicative of the oxygen concentration in exhaust gases downstream of catalyst 52 . Referring to FIG. 5, the signal (HEGO_S) generated by the HEGO sensor 64 is illustrated.
- the HEGO sensor 64 Between the oxygen concentrations values (LEAN_VAL) and (RICH_VAL), the HEGO sensor 64 generates output signal (HEGO_S) that has a linear output voltage to oxygen concentration relationship.
- the inventive control system 14 controls the air-fuel ratio in engine 12 to maintain the output signal (HEGO_S) within a relatively narrow linear operating region, as will be described in greater detail below.
- the controller 58 is provided to implement the method for controlling an engine in accordance with the present invention.
- the controller 58 includes a microprocessor 84 communicating with various computer-readable storage media.
- the computer readable storage media preferably include nonvolatile and volatile storage in a read-only memory (ROM) 86 and a random-access memory (RAM) 88 .
- the computer readable media may be implemented using any of a number of known memory devices such as PROMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, flash memory or any other electric, magnetic, optical or combination memory device capable of storing data, some of which represent executable instructions, used by microprocessor 84 in controlling engine 12 .
- Microprocessor 84 communicates with various sensors and actuators (discussed above) via an input/output (I/O) interface 90 .
- I/O input/output
- the present invention could utilize more than one physical controller to provide engine/vehicle control depending upon the particular application.
- the signal (UEGO_S) corresponds to output signal generated by the UEGO sensor 60 .
- the value (UEGO_VAL) corresponds to a sampled voltage of the signal (UEGO_S).
- the signal (HEGO_S) corresponds to the output signal generated by the HEGO sensor 64 .
- the value (HEGO_VAL) corresponds to a sampled voltage of the signal (HEGO_S).
- the catalyst state (CAT_STATE) is a scalar value indicative of the current amount of oxygen stored in catalyst 52 .
- the value (CAT_STATE) is between the scalar values “ ⁇ 1” and “1” and optimal reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and oxidation of hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) is obtained.
- the controller 58 sets the (INTEGRATION_ENABLE) flag equal to “1” indicating the oxygen capacity range (CAT_CAPACITY) of catalyst 52 is being updated.
- the value (CAT_CAPACITY) corresponds to a desired range of the stored oxygen amount in catalyst 52 , with the desired oxygen range being centered about a desired scalar value “0” indicative of the optimal amount of stored oxygen in catalyst 52 .
- controller 58 sets the (INTEGRATION_ENABLE) flag equal to “0” indicating the calculation of the oxygen capacity range (CAT_CAPACITY) is being discontinued.
- the air-fuel control signal (LAMBSE) is illustrated.
- the controller 58 adjusts the signal (LAMBSE) to maintain the signal (HEGO_S) within its linear operating region.
- the controller 58 adjusts the value (CAT_CAPACITY) in order for the signal (CAT_STATE) to correlate with the HEGO output signal (HEGO_S).
- the signal (CAT_STATE_RMS) corresponds to the root mean square value of the signal (CAT_STATE). Further, the value (HEGO_VAL_RMS) corresponds to the root mean square of the value (HEGO_VAL).
- the ratio of the signals (CAT_STATE_RMS) and (HEGO_VAL_RMS) are utilized by controller 58 for providing minor adjustments to the catalyst capacity range (CAT_CAPACITY).
- the ratio of (HEGO_VAL_RMS)/(CAT_STATE_RMS) indicates that the variations in the estimated catalyst state (CAT_STATE) is smaller than expected when compared to the measured variations in the HEGO output signal (HEGO_S).
- the ratio suggests that the estimated catalyst capacity range (CAT_CAPACITY) is larger than the actual catalyst capacity range, the actual catalyst capacity range corresponding to the linear range of HEGO sensor 64 .
- the controller 58 decreases (CAT_CAPACITY), as will be explained in greater detail below.
- the ratio of (HEGO_VAL_RMS)/(CAT_STATE_RMS) indicates that the variations in the estimated catalyst state (CAT_STATE) is larger than expected when compared to the measured variations in the HEGO output signal (HEGO_S).
- the ratio suggests that the estimated catalyst capacity range (CAT_CAPACITY) is smaller than the actual catalyst capacity range.
- controller 58 increases (CAT_CAPACITY), as will be explained in greater detail below.
- the signals (RICH_CNT) and (LEAN_CNT) correspond to time weighted counts utilized by controller 58 for aggressively decreasing the value (CAT_CAPACITY) when the catalyst 52 is substantially depleted of oxygen or substantially saturated with oxygen, respectively.
- the operation of the control system 14 will be explained during non-stabilized operating conditions.
- the HEGO output signal (HEGO_S) is greater than 0.7 volts (i.e., RICH_VAL) which is outside the linear operating range of HEGO sensor 64 .
- controller 58 sets the value (CAT_STATE) equal to “ ⁇ 1” indicating the catalyst 52 is saturated rich.
- controller 58 disables the (INTEGRATION_ENABLE) flag so that the value of (CAT_STATE) will be maintained at the value “ ⁇ 1”.
- LAMBSE air-fuel control signal
- LAMBSE air-fuel control signal
- the output signal (HEGO_S) falls below 0.2 volts indicating the catalyst 52 is saturated lean.
- LAMBSE air-fuel control signal
- LAMBSE air-fuel control signal
- control system 14 will be explained under stabilized operating conditions.
- the HEGO output signal (HEGO_S) is maintained within the linear operating range (e.g., 0.2-0.7 volts).
- the value (CAT_STATE) indicative of the amount of stored oxygen in catalyst 52 is maintained between the desired scalar limits of “1” and “ ⁇ 1”.
- the HEGO output signal (HEGO_S) is maintained with the desired linear operating range, optimal catalyst performance is obtained from catalyst 52 .
- FIGS. 2 A- 2 E a flowchart of the inventive method for controlling an engine will now be discussed.
- the method may be implemented using software stored in memory 86 of controller 58 .
- step 92 the signal (UEGO_S) from UEGO sensor 60 is sampled by controller 58 and the corresponding value (UEGO_VAL) is stored in memory 88 .
- step 94 the signal (HEGO_S) from HEGO sensor 64 is sampled by controller 58 and the corresponding value (HEGO_VAL) is stored in memory 88 .
- the long-term air-fuel correction value (UEGO_CORR), also known as a stoichiometric reference value, is determined.
- steps 98 - 102 are utilized to calculate (UEGO_CORR).
- the value (HEGO_ERROR) which is indicative of the difference of the signal (HEGO) from a desired value, is calculated using the following equation:
- HEGO_ERROR HEGO_TARGET_VOLTAGE-HEGO — VAL
- HEGO_TARGET_VOLTAGE corresponds to a stoichiometric oxygen concentration, such as 0.6 volts for example
- G1 corresponds to a gain value that is determined empirically.
- step 104 determines whether the value (HEGO_VAL) is less than the value (LEAN_VAL).
- the value (LEAN_VAL) corresponds to the lower lean limit of the linear operating region of output signal (HEGO_S) of the HEGO sensor 64 . If the value of step 104 is True, indicating a lean-air fuel ratio, the step 106 sets the catalyst state variable (CAT_STATE) equal to the value “1”. Next, the step 108 sets the flag (INTEGRATION_ENABLE) equal to the value “ 0 ” and the method advances to step 124 .
- step 110 determines whether the value (HEGO_VAL) is greater than the value (RICH_VAL).
- the value (RICH_VAL) corresponds to the upper rich limit of the linear operating region of the output signal (HEGO_S) of the HEGO sensor 64 . If the value of step 110 is True, the step 112 sets the value (CAT_STATE) equal to the value “ ⁇ 1”. Next, the step 114 sets the flag (INTEGRATION_ENABLE) equal to the value “0” and the method advances to step 124 .
- step 110 if the value of step 110 is False, the step 116 sets the flag (INTEGRATION_ENABLE) equal to the value “1” and the step 118 calculates the value (CAT_STATE).
- step 120 the rate of change of the catalyst state (CAT_STATE_DOT) is calculated using the following equation:
- CAT _STATE_DOT [ MAF *(UEGO — VAL ⁇ UEGO — CORR )]/ CAT _CAPACITY I-1
- MAF corresponds to the mass flow rate into the intake manifold 38 ;
- UEGO_VAL corresponds to voltage of the signal (UEGO_S);
- CAT_CAPACITY I-1 corresponds to the oxygen storage capacity range of the catalyst 52 .
- ⁇ T corresponds to the elapsed time since the last updated calculation of the value (CAT_STATE).
- step 124 which calculates the catalyst oxygen capacity range (CAT_CAPACITY).
- step 124 calculates the catalyst oxygen capacity range (CAT_CAPACITY).
- step 126 a determination as to whether the value (HEGO_VAL) is greater than the value (RICH_VAL). If the value of step 126 is True, the step 128 calculates the value (RICH_CNT) using the following equation:
- RICH — CNT RICH — CNT i-1 +C 2
- RICH_CNT corresponds to a time weighted count for aggressively decreasing the value (CAT_CAPACITY) when the catalyst 52 is substantially depleted of oxygen for a relatively large period of time;
- C2 corresponds a constant value, such as 4 for example.
- the step 130 calculates the value (RICH_CNT) using the following equation:
- RICH — CNT MAX [(RICH — CNT ⁇ 1),)0]
- the value (RICH_CNT) is equal to the greater of the value RICH_CNT ⁇ 1 or the value “0”.
- step 132 determines whether the value (HEGO_VAL) is less than the value (LEAN_VAL). If the value of step 132 is True, the step 134 calculates the value (LEAN_CNT) using the following equation:
- LEAN_CNT corresponds to a time weighted count for aggressively decreasing the value (CAT_CAPACITY) when the catalyst 52 is substantially saturated with oxygen for a relatively large period of time;
- C2 corresponds to a constant value, such as 4 for example.
- the step 136 calculates the value (LEAN_CNT) using the following equation:
- LEAN — CNT MAX [(LEAN — CNT i-1 ⁇ 1),)0]
- the value (LEAN_CNT) is equal to the greater of the value (LEAN_CNT ⁇ 1) or the value “0”.
- step 138 which makes a determination of whether the value (RICH_CNT) is greater than the value (THRESHOLD1) and whether the value (LEAN_CNT) is greater than the value (THRESHOLD1). If the value of step 138 is True, the step 140 decreases the value (CAT_CAPACITY) using the following equation:
- step 140 the method advances to step 148 which will be discussed in further detail below.
- step 142 mathematically filters the value (HEGO_VAL) to remove an average DC value, using the following equation:
- MEAN_HEGO ((1 ⁇ FC 1)*MEAN_HEGO I-1 )*( FC 1*HEGO — VAL ))
- FC1 is a filter constant that is empirically determined.
- the step 148 determines whether the ratio (HEGO_VAL_RMS/CAT_STATE_RMS) is greater than a value (THRESHOLD2).
- the value (THRESHOLD2) is determined empirically and may have a value of 0.2 for example. If the value of step 148 is True, the step 150 decreases the value (CAT_CAPACITY) using the following equation:
- step 152 increases the value (CAT_CAPACITY) using the following equation:
- step 154 the commanded air-fuel value (LAMBSE) is calculated using steps 156 - 162 of FIG. 2E.
- step 156 the value (CAT_STATE_ERROR) is calculated using the following equation:
- TARGET_STATE corresponds to an oxygen concentration indicative of stoichiometry.
- an integration value (INTEG_VAL) is calculated using the following equation:
- KP is a predetermined gain that is empirically determined.
- the foregoing equation comprises a simple proportional/integral equation for calculating the (COMMANDED_CAT_STATE).
- other control equations known to those skilled in the art could be utilized.
- LAMBSE ( 1 + COMMANDED_CAT ⁇ _STATE ) * CAT_CAPACITY MAF
- step 154 the method advances back to step 92 .
- the above-described system and method for controlling an engine represent a significant improvement over conventional systems and methods.
- the system utilizes greatly simplified oxygen storage algorithms for air-fuel ratio in an engine by maintaining a downstream HEGO sensor within the linear operating region of the HEGO sensor.
Abstract
A system and method for controlling an engine coupled to an emission system is provided. The system includes an emission catalyst and a HEGO sensor disposed downstream of the catalyst. The method includes adjusting an air-fuel ratio of the engine to substantially maintain an output signal from the downstream HEGO sensor within a predetermined linear operating range.
Description
- This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 09/991,519, filed Nov. 21, 2001.
- This invention relates to a system and method for controlling an internal combustion engine.
- A known engine control system is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,842,340. The known system includes an engine coupled to an emission catalyst with an UEGO sensor disposed upstream of the catalyst and a HEGO disposed downstream of the catalyst. The system attempts to maintain a predetermined level of oxygen in an emission catalyst using a UEGO output signal and a binary HEGO output signal. A drawback of the system however, is that relatively complex integration algorithms are utilized to estimate the oxygen stored in the catalyst when only using the binary states of the downstream HEGO output signal.
- The inventors herein have recognized that the control algorithms for maintaining a catalyst at an optimal oxygen storage level can be greatly simplified. In particular, the inventors herein have recognized that a narrow linear operating range of the HEGO output signal corresponds to an optimal catalyst oxygen storage capacity range. Thus, by controlling an air-fuel ratio in the engine to maintain the HEGO output signal within the linear operating range, optimal performance of the catalyst is maintained. Further, because the inventive system utilizes the linear operating region of the HEGO sensor, the equations utilized to determine the oxygen storage level in the catalyst are greatly simplified.
- The present invention provides a system, a method, and an article of manufacture for controlling an engine.
- The method for controlling an engine coupled to an emission system in accordance with a first aspect of the present invention is provided. The emission system includes an emission catalyst and a HEGO sensor disposed downstream of at least a portion of the catalyst. The method includes adjusting an air-fuel ratio of the engine to substantially maintain an output signal from the downstream HEGO sensor within a predetermined linear operating range.
- A system for controlling an engine coupled to a downstream emission catalyst in accordance with a second aspect of the present invention is provided. The system includes a HEGO sensor disposed downstream of at least a portion of the catalyst generating a first output signal. The system further includes a controller receiving the output signal and configured to adjust an air-fuel ratio of the engine to substantially maintain the output signal from the HEGO sensor within a predetermined linear operating range.
- An article of manufacture in accordance with a third aspect of the present invention is provided. The article of manufacture includes a computer storage medium having a computer program encoded therein for controlling an engine coupled to an emission system. The system has an emission catalyst and a HEGO sensor disposed downstream of at least a portion of the catalyst generating an output signal. The computer storage medium includes code for adjusting an air-fuel ratio of the engine to substantially maintain an output signal from the downstream HEGO sensor within a predetermined linear operating range.
- The system and method for controlling an engine represent a significant improvement over conventional systems and methods. In particular, the system utilizes greatly simplified oxygen storage algorithms for air-fuel control by maintaining a downstream HEGO sensor within the linear operating range of the HEGO sensor.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic of a vehicle having an engine and a control system in accordance with the present invention.
- FIGS.2A-2E is a flowchart of a method for controlling an engine in accordance with the present invention.
- FIGS.3A-3G are signal schematics illustrating operation of the control system when maintaining the HEGO sensor output signal within a linear operating region.
- FIGS.4A-4F are signal schematics illustrating operation of the control system when the system is adjusting the estimated catalyst capacity range to induce the HEGO sensor output signal move toward a linear operating region.
- FIG. 5 is a signal schematic of the HEGO sensor output signal illustrating the linear operating region of the sensor.
- Referring now to the drawings, like reference numerals are used to identify identical components in the various views. Referring to FIG. 1, an
automotive vehicle 10 is shown.Vehicle 10 includes aninternal combustion engine 12 and anengine control system 14 in accordance with the present invention. - Referring to FIG. 1, only one cylinder of a plurality of cylinders is shown for purposes of clarity.
Engine 12 includes acombustion chamber 30,cylinder walls 32, apiston 34, acrankshaft 35, aspark plug 36, anintake manifold 38, anexhaust manifold 40, anintake valve 42, anexhaust valve 44, athrottle body 46, athrottle plate 48, afuel injector 50, and anemission catalyst 52. -
Combustion chamber 30 communicates withintake manifold 38 andexhaust manifold 40 via respective intake andexhaust valves combustion chamber 30 betweencylinder walls 32 and is connected tocrankshaft 35. Ignition of an air-fuel mixture withincombustion chamber 30 is controlled viaspark plug 36 which delivers ignition spark responsive to a signal fromdistributorless ignition system 54. -
Intake manifold 38 communicates withthrottle body 46 viathrottle plate 48.Throttle plate 48 is controlled byelectric motor 55 which receives a signal fromETC driver 56.ETC driver 56 receives a control signal (DC) from acontroller 58.Intake manifold 38 is also shown havingfuel injector 50 coupled thereto for delivering fuel in proportion to the pulse width of signals (FPW) fromcontroller 58. Fuel is delivered tofuel injector 50 by a conventional fuel system (not shown) including a fuel tank, fuel pump, and fuel rail (now shown). Although port fuel injection is shown, direct fuel injection could be utilized instead of port fuel injection. - Catalyst52 reduces exhaust gas constituents such as nitrous oxides (NOx) and oxidizes carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HC).
-
Control system 14 is provided to control the operation ofengine 12 in accordance with the present invention.Control system 14 includesdistributorless ignition system 54, anelectric motor 55 for controlling thethrottle plate 48, anETC driver 56,exhaust gas sensors air flow sensor 68, atemperature sensor 70, athrottle position sensor 72, atorque sensor 74, anengine speed sensor 76, apedal position sensor 78, anaccelerator pedal 80, andcontroller 58. - Mass
air flow sensor 68 generates a signal indicating the inducted mass air flow (AM) that is transmitted tocontroller 58.Sensor 68 may be coupled to thethrottle body 46 orintake manifold 38. -
Temperature sensor 70 generates a signal indicating the engine coolant temperature (ECT) received bycontroller 58.Sensor 70 may be coupled to coolingjacket 71 incylinder wall 36. -
Throttle position sensor 72 generates a signal indicating a throttle position (TP) ofthrottle plate 48 received bycontroller 58 for closed-loop control ofplate 48. -
Torque sensor 74 generates a signal (TQ) that may indicate one of following torque values: (i) an engine crankshaft torque, ii) a transmission torque, such as for example, a torque converter turbine torque or a transmission output shaft torque, or (iii) an axle torque. -
Engine speed sensor 76 may comprise a hall effect sensor that generates a signal (N) indicating an engine speed.Sensor 76 may be coupled tocrankshaft 35 and transmits signal (N) to controller 58. -
Accelerator pedal 80 is shown communicating with a driver'sfoot 82.Pedal position sensor 78 generates a signal indicating acceleration pedal position (PP) that is transmitted tocontroller 58. - A universal exhaust gas oxygen (UEGO)60 sensor, also known as a proportional oxygen sensor generates a signal whose magnitude is proportional to the oxygen level (and the air-fuel ratio) in the exhaust gases.
UEGO sensor 60 is disposed upstream ofcatalyst 52 and generates a signal (UEGO_S) proportional to an oxygen concentration in the exhaust gases. - Heated exhaust gas oxygen sensor (HEGO)
sensor 64 is disposed downstream of at least some portion of acatalyst 52. For example,HEGO sensor 64 could be disposed downstream a predetermined distance fromcatalyst 52. Alternately, for example,HEGO sensor 64 could be disposed at least partially withincatalyst 52 at a predetermined location along an axial length ofcatalyst 52.HEGO sensor 64 generates a signal (HEGO_S) indicative of the oxygen concentration in exhaust gases downstream ofcatalyst 52. Referring to FIG. 5, the signal (HEGO_S) generated by theHEGO sensor 64 is illustrated. Between the oxygen concentrations values (LEAN_VAL) and (RICH_VAL), theHEGO sensor 64 generates output signal (HEGO_S) that has a linear output voltage to oxygen concentration relationship. Theinventive control system 14 controls the air-fuel ratio inengine 12 to maintain the output signal (HEGO_S) within a relatively narrow linear operating region, as will be described in greater detail below. - The
controller 58 is provided to implement the method for controlling an engine in accordance with the present invention. Thecontroller 58 includes amicroprocessor 84 communicating with various computer-readable storage media. The computer readable storage media preferably include nonvolatile and volatile storage in a read-only memory (ROM) 86 and a random-access memory (RAM) 88. The computer readable media may be implemented using any of a number of known memory devices such as PROMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, flash memory or any other electric, magnetic, optical or combination memory device capable of storing data, some of which represent executable instructions, used bymicroprocessor 84 in controllingengine 12.Microprocessor 84 communicates with various sensors and actuators (discussed above) via an input/output (I/O)interface 90. Of course, the present invention could utilize more than one physical controller to provide engine/vehicle control depending upon the particular application. - Referring to FIGS.3A-3G, the signals utilized for controlling the
engine 12 will now be explained. As shown in FIG. 3A, the signal (UEGO_S) corresponds to output signal generated by theUEGO sensor 60. The value (UEGO_VAL) corresponds to a sampled voltage of the signal (UEGO_S). The signal (HEGO_S) corresponds to the output signal generated by theHEGO sensor 64. The value (HEGO_VAL) corresponds to a sampled voltage of the signal (HEGO_S). - Referring to FIGS. 3B, 3C,3G, the catalyst state (CAT_STATE) is a scalar value indicative of the current amount of oxygen stored in
catalyst 52. When the output signal (HEGO_S) is within its linear operation region, the value (CAT_STATE) is between the scalar values “−1” and “1” and optimal reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and oxidation of hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) is obtained. In this case, thecontroller 58 sets the (INTEGRATION_ENABLE) flag equal to “1” indicating the oxygen capacity range (CAT_CAPACITY) ofcatalyst 52 is being updated. The value (CAT_CAPACITY) corresponds to a desired range of the stored oxygen amount incatalyst 52, with the desired oxygen range being centered about a desired scalar value “0” indicative of the optimal amount of stored oxygen incatalyst 52. - When the
- the output signal (HEGO_S) is not within its linear operation region,
controller 58 sets the (INTEGRATION_ENABLE) flag equal to “0” indicating the calculation of the oxygen capacity range (CAT_CAPACITY) is being discontinued. - Referring to FIG. 3D, the air-fuel control signal (LAMBSE) is illustrated. The
controller 58 adjusts the signal (LAMBSE) to maintain the signal (HEGO_S) within its linear operating region. In particular, thecontroller 58 adjusts the value (CAT_CAPACITY) in order for the signal (CAT_STATE) to correlate with the HEGO output signal (HEGO_S). In other words, the value (CAT_STATE) should indicate a relatively large amount of stored oxygen (e.g., CAT_STATE=1) when the value (HEGO_VAL) indicates a lean air-fuel ratio. Further, the value (CAT_STATE) should indicate a relatively small amount of stored oxygen (e.g., CAT_STATE=−1) incatalyst 52 when the value (HEGO_VAL) indicates a rich air-fuel ratio. - Referring to FIGS. 3E, 3F the signal (CAT_STATE_RMS) corresponds to the root mean square value of the signal (CAT_STATE). Further, the value (HEGO_VAL_RMS) corresponds to the root mean square of the value (HEGO_VAL). The ratio of the signals (CAT_STATE_RMS) and (HEGO_VAL_RMS) are utilized by
controller 58 for providing minor adjustments to the catalyst capacity range (CAT_CAPACITY). In particular, when the ratio of (HEGO_VAL_RMS)/(CAT_STATE_RMS) is greater than a predetermined threshold, the ratio indicates that the variations in the estimated catalyst state (CAT_STATE) is smaller than expected when compared to the measured variations in the HEGO output signal (HEGO_S). In other words, the ratio suggests that the estimated catalyst capacity range (CAT_CAPACITY) is larger than the actual catalyst capacity range, the actual catalyst capacity range corresponding to the linear range ofHEGO sensor 64. In this case, thecontroller 58 decreases (CAT_CAPACITY), as will be explained in greater detail below. - Alternately, when the ratio of (HEGO_VAL_RMS)/(CAT_STATE_RMS) is less than the predetermined threshold, the ratio indicates that the variations in the estimated catalyst state (CAT_STATE) is larger than expected when compared to the measured variations in the HEGO output signal (HEGO_S). In other words, the ratio suggests that the estimated catalyst capacity range (CAT_CAPACITY) is smaller than the actual catalyst capacity range. As a result,
controller 58 increases (CAT_CAPACITY), as will be explained in greater detail below. - Referring to FIG. 4E, the signals (RICH_CNT) and (LEAN_CNT) correspond to time weighted counts utilized by
controller 58 for aggressively decreasing the value (CAT_CAPACITY) when thecatalyst 52 is substantially depleted of oxygen or substantially saturated with oxygen, respectively. - Referring to FIGS.4A-4F, the operation of the
control system 14 will be explained during non-stabilized operating conditions. As shown, between T=221 seconds and T=224 seconds, the HEGO output signal (HEGO_S) is greater than 0.7 volts (i.e., RICH_VAL) which is outside the linear operating range ofHEGO sensor 64. Accordingly,controller 58 sets the value (CAT_STATE) equal to “−1” indicating thecatalyst 52 is saturated rich. Further,controller 58 disables the (INTEGRATION_ENABLE) flag so that the value of (CAT_STATE) will be maintained at the value “−1”. Further,controller 58 ramps the air-fuel control signal (LAMBSE) toward a leaner air-fuel value in order to return thesystem 14 back to the desired state (i.e., CAT_STATE=0). - Between T=224-224.5 seconds, the HEGO output signal (HEGO_S) decreases into the desired linear operating range (e.g., 0.2-0.7 volts) and
controller 58 updates the value (CAT STATE) by setting the (INTEGRATION_ENABLE) flag equal to “1”. Further,controller 58 adjusts the air-fuel control signal (LAMBSE) towards a richer air-fuel ratio as the estimated state (CAT_STATE) moves toward the desired state (i.e., CAT_STATE=0). - At T=224.5 seconds, the output signal (HEGO_S) falls below 0.2 volts indicating the
catalyst 52 is saturated lean. As a result,controller 58 sets the value (CAT_STATE) equal to “1” indicating thecatalyst 52 is saturated lean. Further,controller 58 disables the (INTEGRATION_ENABLE) flag so that the value of (CAT_STATE) will be maintained at the value “1”. Further,controller 58 ramps the air-fuel control signal (LAMBSE) aggressively toward a richer air-fuel ratio in order to return thesystem 14 back to the desired state (i.e., CAT_STATE=0). - At T=225.5 seconds, the output signal (HEGO_S) again moves into the linear operating region. As a result,
controller 58 updates the value (CAT_STATE) by setting the (INTEGRATION_ENABLE) flag equal to “1”. Further,controller 58 adjusts the air-fuel control signal (LAMBSE) towards a leaner air-fuel ratio as the estimated state (CAT_STATE) moves toward the desired state (i.e., CAT_STATE=0). However, at T=227 seconds, the output signal (HEGO_S) again moves outside the linear operation region. - Referring to FIGS.3A-3C, the operation of
control system 14 will be explained under stabilized operating conditions. As shown, the HEGO output signal (HEGO_S) is maintained within the linear operating range (e.g., 0.2-0.7 volts). As a result, the value (CAT_STATE) indicative of the amount of stored oxygen incatalyst 52, is maintained between the desired scalar limits of “1” and “−1”. Further, because the HEGO output signal (HEGO_S) is maintained with the desired linear operating range, optimal catalyst performance is obtained fromcatalyst 52. - Referring to FIGS.2A-2E, a flowchart of the inventive method for controlling an engine will now be discussed. The method may be implemented using software stored in
memory 86 ofcontroller 58. - Initially at
step 92, the signal (UEGO_S) fromUEGO sensor 60 is sampled bycontroller 58 and the corresponding value (UEGO_VAL) is stored inmemory 88. - Next at
step 94, the signal (HEGO_S) fromHEGO sensor 64 is sampled bycontroller 58 and the corresponding value (HEGO_VAL) is stored inmemory 88. - Next at
step 96, the long-term air-fuel correction value (UEGO_CORR), also known as a stoichiometric reference value, is determined. Referring to FIG. 2B, steps 98-102 are utilized to calculate (UEGO_CORR). Atstep 98, the value (HEGO_ERROR) which is indicative of the difference of the signal (HEGO) from a desired value, is calculated using the following equation: - HEGO_ERROR=HEGO_TARGET_VOLTAGE-HEGO— VAL
- where HEGO_TARGET_VOLTAGE corresponds to a stoichiometric oxygen concentration, such as 0.6 volts for example
- Next at
step 100, an (INTEGRAL_CORRECTION_VALUE) is calculated using the following equation: - INTEGRAL_CORRECTION_VALUE=G1* HEGO_ERROR+INTEGRAL_CORRECTION_VALUEI-1
- where G1 corresponds to a gain value that is determined empirically.
- Next at
step 102, the correction value (UEGO_CORR) is calculated using the following equation: - UEGO— CORR=1+INTEGRAL_CORRECTION_VALUE
- Referring again to FIG. 2A, after
step 96, the method advances to step 104 which determines whether the value (HEGO_VAL) is less than the value (LEAN_VAL). The value (LEAN_VAL) corresponds to the lower lean limit of the linear operating region of output signal (HEGO_S) of theHEGO sensor 64. If the value of step 104 is True, indicating a lean-air fuel ratio, thestep 106 sets the catalyst state variable (CAT_STATE) equal to the value “1”. Next, thestep 108 sets the flag (INTEGRATION_ENABLE) equal to the value “0” and the method advances to step 124. - Referring again to step104, if the value of step 104 is False, the method advances to step 110 which determines whether the value (HEGO_VAL) is greater than the value (RICH_VAL). The value (RICH_VAL) corresponds to the upper rich limit of the linear operating region of the output signal (HEGO_S) of the
HEGO sensor 64. If the value ofstep 110 is True, thestep 112 sets the value (CAT_STATE) equal to the value “−1”. Next, thestep 114 sets the flag (INTEGRATION_ENABLE) equal to the value “0” and the method advances to step 124. - Referring again to step110, if the value of
step 110 is False, thestep 116 sets the flag (INTEGRATION_ENABLE) equal to the value “1” and thestep 118 calculates the value (CAT_STATE). - Referring to FIG. 2C, the
steps step 118 will be explained. Atstep 120, the rate of change of the catalyst state (CAT_STATE_DOT) is calculated using the following equation: - CAT_STATE_DOT=[MAF*(UEGO— VAL−UEGO— CORR)]/CAT_CAPACITYI-1
- where:
- MAF corresponds to the mass flow rate into the
intake manifold 38; - UEGO_VAL corresponds to voltage of the signal (UEGO_S);
- CAT_CAPACITYI-1 corresponds to the oxygen storage capacity range of the
catalyst 52. - Next at
step 122, the catalyst state value (CAT_STATE) is calculated using the following integration equation: - CAT_STATE=CAT_STATE_DOT*ΔT+CAT_STATEI-1
- where ΔT corresponds to the elapsed time since the last updated calculation of the value (CAT_STATE).
- Referring again to FIG. 2A, after any of
steps step 124 will now be discussed. - At
step 126, a determination as to whether the value (HEGO_VAL) is greater than the value (RICH_VAL). If the value ofstep 126 is True, thestep 128 calculates the value (RICH_CNT) using the following equation: - RICH— CNT=RICH— CNT i-1 +C2
- RICH_CNT corresponds to a time weighted count for aggressively decreasing the value (CAT_CAPACITY) when the
catalyst 52 is substantially depleted of oxygen for a relatively large period of time; - C2 corresponds a constant value, such as 4 for example. Alternately, if the value of
step 126 is False, thestep 130 calculates the value (RICH_CNT) using the following equation: - RICH— CNT=MAX [(RICH— CNT−1),)0]
- Thus, the value (RICH_CNT) is equal to the greater of the value RICH_CNT−1 or the value “0”.
- After either of
steps step 132 is True, thestep 134 calculates the value (LEAN_CNT) using the following equation: - LEAN— CNT=LEAN— CNT i-1 +C2
- LEAN_CNT corresponds to a time weighted count for aggressively decreasing the value (CAT_CAPACITY) when the
catalyst 52 is substantially saturated with oxygen for a relatively large period of time; - C2 corresponds to a constant value, such as 4 for example. Alternately, if the value of
step 132 is False, thestep 136 calculates the value (LEAN_CNT) using the following equation: - LEAN— CNT=MAX [(LEAN— CNT i-1−1),)0]
- Thus, the value (LEAN_CNT) is equal to the greater of the value (LEAN_CNT−1) or the value “0”.
- After either of
steps step 138 is True, thestep 140 decreases the value (CAT_CAPACITY) using the following equation: - CAT_CAPACITY=CAT_CAPACITYi-1 −C3
- After
step 140, the method advances to step 148 which will be discussed in further detail below. - Referring again to step138, if the value of
step 138 is False, thestep 142 mathematically filters the value (HEGO_VAL) to remove an average DC value, using the following equation: - MEAN_HEGO=((1−FC1)*MEAN_HEGOI-1)*(FC1*HEGO— VAL))
- where FC1 is a filter constant that is empirically determined.
-
-
- It should be noted that other equations for measuring the variation of the values (HEGO_VAL) and (CAT_STATE) could have been used, instead of the two foregoing equations. For example, equations utilizing peak-to-peak values, standard deviation of the values, or the average difference between measured and averaged values could be used.
- After either of
steps step 148 determines whether the ratio (HEGO_VAL_RMS/CAT_STATE_RMS) is greater than a value (THRESHOLD2). The value (THRESHOLD2) is determined empirically and may have a value of 0.2 for example. If the value ofstep 148 is True, thestep 150 decreases the value (CAT_CAPACITY) using the following equation: - CAT_CAPACITY=CAT_CAPACITYi-1 −C4
- where the constant C4 may have a value of 0.1 for example. Alternately, if the value of
step 148 is False, thestep 152 increases the value (CAT_CAPACITY) using the following equation: - CAT_CAPACITY=CAT_CAPACITYi-1 +C4
- After either of
steps step 154, the commanded air-fuel value (LAMBSE) is calculated using steps 156-162 of FIG. 2E. Atstep 156, the value (CAT_STATE_ERROR) is calculated using the following equation: - CAT_STATE_ERROR=CAT_STATE−TARGET_STATE
- where the TARGET_STATE corresponds to an oxygen concentration indicative of stoichiometry.
- Next at
step 158, an integration value (INTEG_VAL) is calculated using the following equation: - INTEG — VAL=(KI*ΔT*CAT_STATE_ERROR)+INTEG — VAL I-1
- where KI is a predetermined gain that is empirically determined; ΔT corresponds to the elapsed time since the last updated calculation of the value (INTEG_VAL).
- Next at
step 160, the value (COMMANDED_CAT_STATE) is calculated using the following equation: - COMMANDED— CAT_STATE=(KP*CAT_STATE_ERROR)+INTEG — VAL
- where KP is a predetermined gain that is empirically determined. The foregoing equation comprises a simple proportional/integral equation for calculating the (COMMANDED_CAT_STATE). However, other control equations known to those skilled in the art could be utilized.
-
- Referring again to FIG. 2A, after
step 154, the method advances back to step 92. - The above-described system and method for controlling an engine represent a significant improvement over conventional systems and methods. In particular, the system utilizes greatly simplified oxygen storage algorithms for air-fuel ratio in an engine by maintaining a downstream HEGO sensor within the linear operating region of the HEGO sensor.
Claims (5)
1. A method for controlling an engine coupled to an emission system, the system having an emission catalyst and a HEGO sensor disposed downstream of at least a portion of the catalyst, the method comprising:
adjusting an air-fuel ratio of said engine to substantially maintain an output signal from said downstream HEGO sensor within a predetermined linear operating range.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said system includes an UEGO sensor disposed upstream of said catalyst, said adjusting step including:
determining a catalyst state indicative of an amount of oxygen stored in said emission catalyst based on an output signal from said UEGO sensor;
determining a catalyst oxygen capacity range based on said HEGO sensor; and,
generating a commanded air-fuel signal based on said catalyst state and said catalyst oxygen capacity range.
3. A system for controlling an engine coupled to a downstream emission catalyst, comprising:
a HEGO sensor disposed downstream of at least a portion of the catalyst generating a first output signal; and,
a controller receiving said output signal, said controller configured to adjust an air-fuel ratio of the engine to substantially maintain said output signal from said HEGO sensor within a predetermined linear operating range.
4. The system of claim 3 further including an UEGO sensor disposed upstream of said catalyst generating a second output signal, said controller being further configured to determine a catalyst state indicative of an amount of oxygen stored in said emission catalyst based on said second output signal, said controller being further configured to determine a catalyst oxygen capacity range based on said first output signal, said controller configured to further generate a commanded air-fuel signal based on said catalyst state and said catalyst oxygen capacity range.
5. An article of manufacture, comprising:
a computer storage medium having a computer program encoded therein for controlling an engine coupled to an emission system, the system having an emission catalyst an a HEGO sensor disposed downstream of at least a portion of the catalyst generating an output signal, the computer storage medium comprising:
code for adjusting an air-fuel ratio of said engine to substantially maintain an output signal from said downstream HEGO sensor within a predetermined linear operating range.
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US09/991,519 US20030093991A1 (en) | 2001-11-21 | 2001-11-21 | Automotive catalyst state control method |
US10/460,470 US20040006973A1 (en) | 2001-11-21 | 2003-05-23 | System and method for controlling an engine |
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