WO2015098471A1 - シリル基含有化合物を含む電解液添加用組成物、該組成物を含む非水蓄電デバイス用電解液、及び該電解液を含むリチウムイオン二次電池 - Google Patents
シリル基含有化合物を含む電解液添加用組成物、該組成物を含む非水蓄電デバイス用電解液、及び該電解液を含むリチウムイオン二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015098471A1 WO2015098471A1 PCT/JP2014/082339 JP2014082339W WO2015098471A1 WO 2015098471 A1 WO2015098471 A1 WO 2015098471A1 JP 2014082339 W JP2014082339 W JP 2014082339W WO 2015098471 A1 WO2015098471 A1 WO 2015098471A1
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 324
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 254
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 title claims description 22
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 title abstract description 62
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- -1 n is 0 or 1 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 148
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 117
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 53
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 49
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 43
- 125000004469 siloxy group Chemical group [SiH3]O* 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 32
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- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
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- 125000005415 substituted alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
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- 229910006294 Si—N Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
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- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
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- 101150058243 Lipf gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
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- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 43
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- QJMMCGKXBZVAEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OP(=O)(O[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C QJMMCGKXBZVAEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
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- AZSFNUJOCKMOGB-UHFFFAOYSA-K cyclotriphosphate(3-) Chemical compound [O-]P1(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)O1 AZSFNUJOCKMOGB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 20
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- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 19
- HOXINJBQVZWYGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenbutatin oxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)C[Sn](O[Sn](CC(C)(C)C=1C=CC=CC=1)(CC(C)(C)C=1C=CC=CC=1)CC(C)(C)C=1C=CC=CC=1)(CC(C)(C)C=1C=CC=CC=1)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 HOXINJBQVZWYGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
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- GIXFALHDORQSOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 2,4,6,8-tetraoxido-1,3,5,7,2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5},8$l^{5}-tetraoxatetraphosphocane 2,4,6,8-tetraoxide Chemical compound [O-]P1(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)O1 GIXFALHDORQSOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 16
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Images
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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- H01M4/1391—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
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- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composition for adding an electrolyte containing a silyl group-containing compound, an electrolyte for a non-aqueous storage device containing the composition, and a lithium ion secondary battery containing the electrolyte.
- lithium ion secondary batteries which are representative examples of power storage devices, have been mainly used as rechargeable batteries for portable devices, but in recent years, they are expected to be used as batteries for hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles. Performance is required.
- a porous composite electrode obtained by solidifying each active material powder with a binder resin is used as a positive electrode and a negative electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery.
- the electrolytic solution must penetrate into the pores of the electrode to supply lithium ions, and smoothly exchange lithium ions at the interface between the electrolytic solution and the active material.
- a lithium ion secondary battery having a higher energy density has been demanded, and as one of the methods, increasing the voltage of the battery has been studied.
- a positive electrode active material that operates at 4.1 V (vsLi / Li + ) or higher has been proposed as a positive electrode that operates at a high potential (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
- a conventional non-aqueous electrolyte mainly composed of a carbonate-based solvent is used.
- Patent Document 4 discloses that by adding a silyl group-containing compound to a non-aqueous electrolyte, even if a lithium ion secondary battery is operated at a high voltage, the cycle life of the battery does not decrease. It has been presented.
- Patent Document 5 also discloses that the charge / discharge efficiency and input / output characteristics of a battery are reduced when a phosphate ester is added by allowing a film forming agent such as vinylene carbonate to coexist with the phosphate ester in a non-aqueous electrolyte. A way to improve the system is presented.
- Patent Document 4 and Patent Document 6 present an electrolytic solution containing a compound having an N—Si bond and an electrolytic solution containing a compound having an O—Si bond.
- Patent Document 7 proposes an electrolytic solution containing a compound having an N—Si bond.
- the compound having an O—Si bond described in Patent Document 4 is a liquid having a high viscosity
- handling becomes complicated and an electrolytic solution containing an additive having a high viscosity is used for the positive and negative electrodes of the porous composite electrode. Since it takes time to penetrate into the pores, the productivity of the battery is reduced, the input / output characteristics of the battery after the battery is manufactured, and further, when a compound having an O—Si bond is added to the electrolytic solution. In the electrolytic solution, the compound is gradually decomposed to deteriorate the storage stability.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte described in Patent Document 5 is merely added with a phosphoric acid ester not containing silicon, the non-aqueous electrolyte described in Patent Document 5 has an O—Si bond therein. It does not pay attention to the action and effect of the compound it has.
- Patent Documents 4, 6 and 7 do not specifically disclose an electrolytic solution using a compound having an N—Si bond and a compound having an O—Si bond in combination, and therefore, described in Patent Documents 4, 6 and 7.
- the electrolytic solution that has been used has room for improvement in the combined use of both compounds or the storage stability of a compound having an O—Si bond.
- the problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a composition for adding an electrolytic solution that improves the storage stability of a silyl group-containing compound, which is a useful additive for a lithium ion secondary battery, and a non-aqueous electricity storage device including the composition And a lithium ion secondary battery including the electrolytic solution.
- the present inventors have been able to reduce the viscosity of the composition for adding an electrolyte containing a silyl group-containing compound, a basic compound and / or a silicon compound,
- the electrolytic solution containing the composition for adding an electrolytic solution improves the storage stability of the silyl group-containing compound in the electrolytic solution, and further maintains the cycle characteristics of the battery in a lithium ion secondary battery using the electrolytic solution.
- the present inventors have found that the input / output characteristics can be improved and the amount of gas generated can be reduced, and the present invention has been completed.
- One aspect of the present invention is described in items 1 to 17 below.
- At least one hydrogen atom of an acid selected from the group consisting of a proton acid having a phosphorus atom and / or a boron atom, a sulfonic acid, and a carboxylic acid is represented by the following general formula (A1): ⁇ In the formula, R a1 , R a2 and R a3 each independently represent an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- X 1 represents a general formula OR 1 (wherein R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a silyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, SO 2 Represents a group represented by CH 3 or SO 2 CF 3 ), or a halogen atom.
- One or more silicon compounds (C) represented by: A composition for adding an electrolytic solution containing 100 parts by mass of the basic compound (B) and / or the silicon compound (C) with respect to 100% by mass of the silyl group-containing compound (A). A composition for adding an electrolytic solution containing at most%.
- the silyl group-containing compound (A) has the following general formulas (A2) to (A4): ⁇ In the formula, M 1 is a phosphorus atom or a boron atom, m is an integer of 1 to 20, M 1 is a phosphorus atom, n is 0 or 1, and M 1 is a boron atom , N is 0, R a1 , R a2 and R a3 are as defined in the general formula (A1), and R a4 and R a5 are each independently an OH group, an OLi group, And a group selected from the group consisting of an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a siloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- M 2 is a phosphorus atom or a boron atom
- j is an integer of 2 to 20
- M 2 is a phosphorus atom
- k is 0 or 1
- M 2 is a boron atom
- K is 0, and R a6 is an OH group, an OLi group, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and A siloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a general formula OP (O) l (R a7 R a8 ) (wherein l is 0 or 1, R a7 and R a8 are each independently an OH group, A group selected from the group consisting of an OLi group, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a siloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- the lithium salt is LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , Li 2 SiF 6 , LiOSO 2 C k F 2k + 1 ⁇ wherein, k is an integer from 0 to 8 ⁇ , LiN (SO 2 C k F 2k + 1 ) 2 (where k is an integer from 0 to 8) and LiPF n (C k F 2k + 1 ) 6-n ⁇ where n is an integer from 1 to 5 and k is from 1 to 8
- a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material A negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material; [5] to [9] the electrolyte for a non-aqueous electricity storage device according to any one of the above,
- a lithium ion secondary battery comprising: [11] The lithium ion secondary battery according to [10], wherein the positive electrode active material has a discharge capacity of 10 mAh / g or more at a potential of 4.1 V (vsLi / Li + ) or more.
- the positive electrode active material is following formula (E1): LiMn 2-x Ma x O 4 (E1) ⁇ In the formula, Ma represents one or more selected from the group consisting of transition metals, and x is a number in the range of 0.2 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.7.
- At least one hydrogen atom of an acid selected from the group consisting of a proton acid having a phosphorus atom and / or a boron atom, a sulfonic acid, and a carboxylic acid is represented by the following general formula (A1): ⁇ In the formula, R a1 , R a2 and R a3 each independently represent an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- X 1 represents a general formula OR 1 (wherein R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a silyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, SO 2 Represents a group represented by CH 3 or SO 2 CF 3 ), or a halogen atom.
- the basic compound (B) is a compound having a Si—N bond.
- the silyl group-containing compound (A), the basic compound (B) having a content of 1 to 100 mass% with respect to 100 mass% of the silyl group-containing compound (A), and The content of the basic compound (B) and / or the silicon compound (C) in the electrolytic solution as well as the additive for producing an electrolytic solution containing the silicon compound (C) is the silyl group-containing compound.
- the manufacturing method of the electrolyte solution or the nonaqueous electrical storage device including the process added to a liquid is also illustrated.
- the composition for adding an electrolytic solution in which a specific amount of a basic compound and / or a silicon compound is contained in a silyl group-containing compound can reduce the viscosity, and the composition for adding an electrolytic solution In the electrolyte solution containing, the storage stability of the silyl group-containing compound is improved, and further, while maintaining the cycle characteristics of the battery, the input / output characteristics are improved, and the gas generation amount can be reduced.
- An electrolytic solution for a water storage device and a lithium ion secondary battery using the electrolytic solution can be provided.
- composition or electrolyte containing a combination of a compound having an N—Si bond and a compound having an O—Si bond greatly increases the storage stability of the compound having an O—Si bond in the composition or the electrolyte. Can be improved.
- the composition comprises Compound (a): silyl group-containing compound (A), Compound (b): containing at least one basic compound (B) and / or silicon compound (C) and used to be added to the electrolyte or used as an additive to the electrolyte Or can be used for the manufacture of electrolyte or non-aqueous storage devices.
- Compound (b): containing at least one basic compound (B) and / or silicon compound (C) used to be added to the electrolyte or used as an additive to the electrolyte Or can be used for the manufacture of electrolyte or non-aqueous storage devices.
- the compounds (a) and (b) contained in the composition will be described below.
- the “protonic acid having a phosphorus atom” is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having a phosphorus atom in the molecule and a hydrogen atom that can be dissociated as a proton.
- the protonic acid having a phosphorus atom includes not only a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, or an organic group such as an alkoxy group or an alkyl group, but also a heteroatom such as Si, B, O, or N in the molecule. Good.
- the proton acid having a phosphorus atom may contain a plurality of phosphorus atoms in the molecule, such as condensed phosphoric acid.
- the proton acid having a phosphorus atom is not particularly limited, but for example, orthophosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, phosphonic acid, phosphinic acid, or condensed phosphoric acid is preferable. Among these, orthophosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, phosphonic acid, or condensed phosphoric acid is more preferable.
- the silyl group-containing compound (A) in which at least one hydrogen atom of the protonic acid having these phosphorus atoms is substituted with the silyl group represented by the general formula (A1) is excellent in handling and stability as a compound. Because. The protonic acid having a phosphorus atom may be substituted.
- the “protonic acid having a boron atom” is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having a boron atom in the molecule and a hydrogen atom that can be dissociated as a proton.
- the protonic acid having a boron atom may contain not only a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, or an organic group such as an alkoxy group or an alkyl group, but also a heteroatom such as Si, P, O, or N in the molecule.
- the protonic acid having a boron atom may contain a plurality of boron atoms in the molecule.
- a proton acid which has a boron atom Although it does not specifically limit as a proton acid which has a boron atom, for example, a boric acid, a boronic acid, or a borinic acid is preferable.
- the protonic acid having a boron atom may be substituted.
- the “sulfonic acid” is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having a SO 3 H group (sulfonic acid group) in the molecule, and has a plurality of sulfonic acid groups in the molecule. Also good.
- the sulfonic acid includes sulfuric acid (HOSO 3 H). The sulfonic acid is not particularly limited.
- methanesulfonic acid methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, propanesulfonic acid, butanesulfonic acid, 1,2-ethanedisulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, perfluorobutanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, P-toluenesulfonic acid, sulfuric acid and the like are preferable.
- the “carboxylic acid” is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having a CO 2 H group (carboxylic acid group) in the molecule, and has a plurality of carboxylic acid groups in the molecule. Also good.
- the carboxylic acid is not particularly limited. Examples include terephthalic acid, salicylic acid, malonic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, and itaconic acid.
- dicarboxylic acids such as benzoic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, salicylic acid, malonic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, and itaconic acid are preferred, and adipic acid, itaconic acid, succinic acid, etc. Acid, isophthalic acid, and terephthalic acid are more preferred.
- R a1 to R a3 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may be substituted.
- the “ optionally substituted hydrocarbon group” is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group such as a phenyl group, and a hydrocarbon group. Examples thereof include fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon groups such as a trifluoromethyl group in which all hydrogen atoms are substituted with fluorine atoms.
- the said hydrocarbon group may have a functional group as needed. Such a functional group is not particularly limited.
- a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or a bromine atom, a nitrile group (—CN), an ether group (—O—), a carbonate group (—OCO 2 ).
- Ester group (-CO 2- ), carbonyl group (-CO-), sulfide group (-S-), sulfoxide group (-SO-), sulfone group (-SO 2- ), urethane group (-NHCO 2- ) and the like.
- the hydrocarbon group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 and more preferably 1 to 6.
- the carbon number of R a1 to R a3 is within the above range, the miscibility with the nonaqueous solvent tends to be excellent.
- R a1 to R a3 include methyl group, ethyl group, vinyl group, allyl group, 1-methylvinyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, n-butyl group, iso-butyl group, sec
- An aliphatic hydrocarbon group such as a -butyl group, a tert-butyl group or a fluoromethyl group
- an aromatic hydrocarbon group such as a benzyl group, a phenyl group, a nitrile-substituted phenyl group or a fluorinated phenyl group.
- methyl group, ethyl group, vinyl group, allyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, n-butyl group, tert-butyl group, A phenyl group or a fluoromethyl group is more preferable.
- two of R a1 to R a3 may be bonded to form a ring.
- two of R a1 to R a3 can be substituted with a substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated alkylene group.
- the silyl group-containing compound (A) when the acid selected from the group consisting of a proton acid having a phosphorus atom and / or a boron atom, a sulfonic acid, and a carboxylic acid has a plurality of hydrogen atoms, at least One hydrogen atom should just be substituted by the silyl group represented by the said general formula (A1). In that case, the silyl group-containing compound (A) can also be called a silyl ester compound. Further, the remaining hydrogen atoms that are not substituted may be present as they are, or may be substituted with a functional group other than the silyl group represented by the general formula (A1).
- Such a functional group is not particularly limited, but for example, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is preferable. Although it does not specifically limit as a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group, For example, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an allyl group, a vinyl group etc. are mentioned.
- two hydrogen atoms of an acid selected from the group consisting of a proton acid having a phosphorus atom and / or a boron atom, a sulfonic acid, and a carboxylic acid may be bonded to form a ring.
- two of the hydrogen atoms can be joined and substituted with a substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated alkylene group.
- the silyl group-containing compound (A) is not particularly limited.
- R a1 , R a2 and R a3 are as defined in the general formula (A1)
- R a4 and R a5 are each independently an OH group, an OLi group, And a group selected from the group consisting of an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a siloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- M 2 is a phosphorus atom or a boron atom
- j is an integer of 2 to 20
- M 2 is a phosphorus atom
- k is 0 or 1
- M 2 is a boron atom
- K is 0, and R a6 is an OH group, an OLi group, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and A siloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a general formula OP (O) l (R a7 R a8 ) (wherein l is 0 or 1, R a7 and R a8 are each independently an OH group, A group selected from the group consisting of an OLi group, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a siloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- R a4 and R a5 each independently represent an OH group, an OLi group, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a carbon number A group selected from the group consisting of 1 to 20 siloxy groups is shown.
- the silyl group-containing compound (A) represented by the general formula (A2) has a boric acid structure.
- the silyl group-containing compound (A) represented by the general formula (A2) has the following general formula (A5): ⁇ Wherein m, n, R a1 , R a2 , R a3 , R a4 and R a5 are as defined in the general formula (A2). ⁇ It is a compound represented by these.
- the silyl group-containing compound (A) represented by the general formula (A5) has a phosphorous acid structure
- the general formula (A5) has a phosphoric acid structure
- R a4 and R a5 are each independently an OH group, an OLi group, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted group. And a group selected from the group consisting of an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and a siloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the “ optionally substituted hydrocarbon group” is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include aliphatic hydrocarbon groups, aromatic hydrocarbons such as phenyl groups, and hydrogen in hydrocarbon groups.
- a fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon group such as a trifluoromethyl group in which all of the atoms are substituted with fluorine atoms.
- the hydrocarbon group may have various functional groups as needed.
- a functional group is not particularly limited. For example, a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or a bromine atom, a nitrile group (—CN), an ether group (—O—), a carbonate group (—OCO 2 ).
- the hydrocarbon group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group is within the above range, the miscibility with the non-aqueous solvent tends to be more excellent.
- preferred examples of the hydrocarbon group include fatty acids such as methyl group, ethyl group, vinyl group, allyl group, isopropyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, and fluorohexyl group.
- An aromatic hydrocarbon group is exemplified, but from the viewpoint of chemical stability, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an allyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, or a fluorohexyl group is more preferable.
- the “optionally substituted alkoxy group” is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include an alkoxy group having an aliphatic group and a trifluoromethoxy group in which a hydrogen atom in the alkoxy group is fluorine-substituted. Or a fluorine-substituted alkoxy group such as a hexafluoroisopropoxy group.
- the alkoxy group may be substituted with various functional groups as necessary. Such a functional group is not particularly limited.
- a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or a bromine atom, a nitrile group (—CN), an ether group (—O—), a carbonate group (—OCO 2 ).
- Ester group (-CO 2- ), carbonyl group (-CO-), sulfide group (-S-), sulfoxide group (-SO-), sulfone group (-SO 2- ), urethane group (-NHCO 2- ), aromatic groups such as phenyl group and benzyl group.
- the alkoxy group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 and more preferably 1 to 6.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy group is within the above range, the miscibility with the nonaqueous solvent tends to be superior.
- alkoxy group examples include aliphatic alkoxy such as methoxy group, ethoxy group, vinyloxy group, allyloxy group, propoxy group, butoxy group, cyanoethoxy group, fluoroethoxy group, and fluoropropoxy group.
- aliphatic alkoxy such as methoxy group, ethoxy group, vinyloxy group, allyloxy group, propoxy group, butoxy group, cyanoethoxy group, fluoroethoxy group, and fluoropropoxy group.
- a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a vinyloxy group, an allyloxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, a cyanoethoxy group, a fluoroethoxy group, or a fluoropropoxy group is preferable.
- a siloxy group refers to a group having a structure in which a silicon atom is bonded to an M atom via an oxygen atom. Note that the siloxy group may include a siloxane structure such as Si—O—Si—.
- the number of silicon in the siloxy group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 1 to 3, still more preferably 1 to 2, and particularly preferably 1. When the number of silicon in the siloxy group is within the above range, chemical stability and battery performance tend to be further improved.
- the siloxy group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the carbon number of the siloxy group is 3 or more, battery performance tends to be further improved.
- the carbon number of the siloxy group is 20 or less, the chemical stability tends to be further improved.
- siloxy group are not particularly limited, —OSi (CH 3 ) 3 , —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 (C 2 H 5 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 (CH ⁇ CH 2 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 (CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 (CH 2 CH ⁇ CH 2 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 (C (CH 3 ) ⁇ CH 2 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 [CH (CH 3 ) 2 ], —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 [(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 [CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) 2 ], —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 [C (CH 3 ) 3 ], —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 (C 6 H 5 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) (C 6 H 5 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) (C 6 H 5 ) 2 , —OS
- M 2 is a phosphorus atom or a boron atom
- j is an integer of 2 to 20
- k is 0 or 1.
- R a6 represents an OH group, an OLi group, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a siloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the “ optionally substituted hydrocarbon group” is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include aliphatic hydrocarbon groups, aromatic hydrocarbons such as phenyl groups, and all hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon groups. And a fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon group such as a trifluoromethyl group substituted with a fluorine atom.
- the hydrocarbon group may have various functional groups as needed.
- a functional group is not particularly limited. For example, a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or a bromine atom, a nitrile group (—CN), an ether group (—O—), a carbonate group (—OCO 2 ).
- the hydrocarbon group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group is within the above range, the miscibility with the non-aqueous solvent tends to be more excellent.
- hydrocarbon group examples include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as methyl group, ethyl group, vinyl group, allyl group, isopropyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, and fluorohexyl group.
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as methyl group, ethyl group, vinyl group, allyl group, isopropyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, and fluorohexyl group.
- a methyl group, an ethyl group, an allyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, or a fluorohexyl group is more preferable.
- the “optionally substituted alkoxy group” is not particularly limited.
- an alkoxy group having an aliphatic group, a trifluoromethoxy group in which a hydrogen atom in the alkoxy group is substituted with fluorine, or hexa A fluorine-substituted alkoxy group such as a fluoroisopropoxy group can be mentioned.
- the alkoxy group may be substituted with various functional groups as necessary. Such a functional group is not particularly limited.
- a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or a bromine atom, a nitrile group (—CN), an ether group (—O—), a carbonate group (—OCO 2 ).
- Ester group (-CO 2- ), carbonyl group (-CO-), sulfide group (-S-), sulfoxide group (-SO-), sulfone group (-SO 2- ), urethane group (-NHCO 2- ), aromatic groups such as phenyl group and benzyl group.
- the alkoxy group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy group is within the above range, the miscibility with the nonaqueous solvent tends to be superior.
- alkoxy group examples include aliphatic alkoxy such as methoxy group, ethoxy group, vinyloxy group, allyloxy group, propoxy group, butoxy group, cyanoethoxy group, fluoroethoxy group, and fluoropropoxy group.
- aliphatic alkoxy such as methoxy group, ethoxy group, vinyloxy group, allyloxy group, propoxy group, butoxy group, cyanoethoxy group, fluoroethoxy group, and fluoropropoxy group.
- a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a vinyloxy group, an allyloxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, a cyanoethoxy group, a fluoroethoxy group, or a fluoropropoxy group is preferable.
- a siloxy group refers to a group having a structure in which a silicon atom is bonded to an M atom via an oxygen atom. Note that the siloxy group may include a siloxane structure such as Si—O—Si—.
- the number of silicon in the siloxy group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 1 to 3, still more preferably 1 to 2, and particularly preferably 1. When the number of silicon in the siloxy group is within the above range, chemical stability and battery performance tend to be further improved.
- the siloxy group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the carbon number of the siloxy group is 3 or more, battery performance tends to be further improved.
- the carbon number of the siloxy group is 20 or less, the chemical stability tends to be further improved.
- siloxy group are not particularly limited, —OSi (CH 3 ) 3 , —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 (C 2 H 5 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 (CH ⁇ CH 2 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 (CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 (CH 2 CH ⁇ CH 2 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 (C (CH 3 ) ⁇ CH 2 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 [CH (CH 3 ) 2 ], —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 [(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 [CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) 2 ], —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 [C (CH 3 ) 3 ], —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 (C 6 H 5 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) (C 6 H 5 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) (C 6 H 5 ) 2 , —OS
- the “ optionally substituted hydrocarbon group” corresponding to R a7 or R a8 is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, Examples thereof include aromatic hydrocarbon groups such as a phenyl group, and fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon groups such as a trifluoromethyl group in which all hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon group are substituted with fluorine atoms.
- the hydrocarbon group may have a functional group as needed. Such a functional group is not particularly limited.
- a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or a bromine atom, a nitrile group (—CN), an ether group (—O—), a carbonate group (—OCO 2 ).
- Ester group (-CO 2- ), carbonyl group (-CO-), sulfide group (-S-), sulfoxide group (-SO-), sulfone group (-SO 2- ), urethane group (-NHCO 2- ) and the like.
- the hydrocarbon group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 and more preferably 1 to 6.
- the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group is within the above range, the miscibility with the non-aqueous solvent tends to be more excellent.
- R a7 and R a8 preferred examples of the hydrocarbon group include aliphatic hydrocarbon groups such as methyl, ethyl, vinyl, allyl, isopropenyl, propyl, butyl, and fluoromethyl; benzyl Group, phenyl group, cyanophenyl group, fluorophenyl group and the like, and from the viewpoint of chemical stability, methyl group, ethyl group, vinyl group, allyl group, isopropenyl group, or fluoromethyl group Groups are preferred.
- R a7 and R a8 may be bonded to form a ring.
- R a7 and R a8 can be substituted with a substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated alkylene group.
- the “optionally substituted alkoxy group” is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include an alkoxy group having an aliphatic group, and a trifluoromethoxy group in which a hydrogen atom in the alkoxy group is fluorine-substituted. Or a fluorine-substituted alkoxy group such as a hexafluoroisopropoxy group.
- the alkoxy group may be substituted with various functional groups as needed. Such a functional group is not particularly limited.
- a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or a bromine atom, a nitrile group (—CN), an ether group (—O—), a carbonate group (—OCO 2 ).
- Ester group (-CO 2- ), carbonyl group (-CO-), sulfide group (-S-), sulfoxide group (-SO-), sulfone group (-SO 2- ), urethane group (-NHCO 2- ), aromatic groups such as phenyl group and benzyl group.
- the alkoxy group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 and more preferably 1 to 6.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy group is within the above range, the miscibility with the nonaqueous solvent tends to be superior.
- a siloxy group refers to a group having a structure in which a silicon atom is bonded to an M atom via an oxygen atom. Note that the siloxy group may include a siloxane structure such as Si—O—Si—.
- the number of silicon in the siloxy group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 1 to 3, still more preferably 1 to 2, and particularly preferably 1. When the number of silicon in the siloxy group is within the above range, chemical stability and battery performance tend to be further improved.
- the carbon number of the siloxy group is 1-20, but 3-20 is preferable. When the carbon number of the siloxy group is 3 or more, battery performance tends to be further improved. When the carbon number of the siloxy group is 20 or less, the chemical stability tends to be further improved.
- siloxy group are not particularly limited, —OSi (CH 3 ) 3 , —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 (C 2 H 5 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 (CH ⁇ CH 2 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 (CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 (CH 2 CH ⁇ CH 2 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 (C (CH 3 ) ⁇ CH 2 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 [CH (CH 3 ) 2 ], —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 [(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 [CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) 2 ], —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 [C (CH 3 ) 3 ], —OSi (CH 3 ) 2 (C 6 H 5 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) (C 6 H 5 ), —OSi (CH 3 ) (C 6 H 5 ) 2 , —OS
- R a1 , R a2 and R a3 are as defined in the general formula (A1), and R a9 is an optionally substituted hydrocarbon having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Indicates a group.
- the “ optionally substituted hydrocarbon group” in R a9 is not particularly limited, but for example, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group such as a phenyl group, and all the hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon group
- a fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon group such as a trifluoromethyl group substituted with a fluorine atom can be mentioned.
- the hydrocarbon group may be substituted with various functional groups as necessary.
- Such a functional group is not particularly limited. For example, a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or a bromine atom, a nitrile group (—CN), an ether group (—O—), a carbonate group (—OCO 2 ).
- the hydrocarbon group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the hydrocarbon group represented by R a9 is not particularly limited, but the following general formula (A6): ⁇ Wherein R a10 represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, and R a11 represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group or a silyl group substituted with an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group. Show. However, the total number of carbon atoms of the carbon atoms and R a11 of R a10 is 1 to 19. ⁇ The group represented by these is preferable. In this case, the basic skeleton of the silyl group-containing compound (A) represented by the general formula (A4) has a dicarboxylic acid derivative structure.
- R a10 is preferably a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, a phenyl group, a fluoromethylene group from the viewpoint of the chemical stability of the silyl group-containing compound (A). , A fluoroethylene group, a fluoropropylene group, or a fluorobutylene group.
- R a11 is preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, or a trimethylsilyl group, triethylsilyl, from the viewpoint of the chemical stability of the silyl group-containing compound (A).
- a trialkylsilyl group such as a group, and more preferably a trialkylsilyl group such as a trimethylsilyl group or a triethylsilyl group.
- silyl group-containing compound (A) A preferred specific example of the silyl group-containing compound (A) is not particularly limited, Tris phosphate (trimethylsilyl), Tris phosphate (dimethylethylsilyl), Tris phosphate (dimethylvinylsilyl), Tris phosphate (dimethyl (n-propyl) silyl), Tris phosphate (allyldimethylsilyl), Tris phosphate (Dimethyl (1-methylvinyl) silyl), trisphosphate (dimethylisopropylsilyl), trisphosphate (n-butyldimethylsilyl), trisphosphate (sec-butyldimethylsilyl), trisphosphate (tert-butyldimethyl) Silyl), Tris phosphate (dimethylphenylsilyl), Tris phosphate (diphenylmethylsilyl), Tris phosphate (triphenylsilyl), Tris phosphate (triphen
- Tris phosphate trimethylsilyl
- Tris phosphite trimethylsilyl
- Tris phosphate triethylsilyl
- Tris phosphate Triisopropylsilyl
- Tris phosphate Vinyldimethylsilyl
- tris phosphate allyldimethylsilyl
- tris phosphate n-propyldimethylsilyl
- tris phosphate tert-butyldimethylsilyl
- tris phosphate phenyldimethylsilyl
- tetrakis pyrophosphate trimethylsilyl
- Pentakis trimethylsilyl) tripolyphosphate, hexakis (trimethylsilyl) tetrapolyphosphate, tris (trimethylsilyl) trimetaphosphate, tetrakistetrametaphosphate (trimethylsilyl), trimethylsilyl polyphosphate
- the composition comprises as compound (b) one or more basic compounds (B) and / or one or more silicon compounds (C).
- the basic compound (B) and the silicon compound (C) will be described below.
- the basic compound (B) is a Lewis base, or a general formula Q + Y ⁇ ⁇ wherein Q + represents a quaternary ammonium group, a quaternary phosphonium group, an alkali metal, or an alkaline earth metal, and Y ⁇ Represents an alkoxy group or an aryloxy group. At least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by
- a Lewis base is defined as “a substance comprising an atom having a pair of electrons for chemical bonding”. Accordingly, the Lewis base is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance containing an atom having a lone pair for chemical bonding, such as an oxygen atom and a nitrogen atom, but from the viewpoint of availability and handling, an amine compound, an amide
- One or more nitrogen-containing organic Lewis bases selected from the group consisting of a compound, an imide compound, a compound having a Si—N bond, and a compound having a PN bond are preferable.
- Examples of the amine compound include alkylamines in which at least one hydrogen atom of ammonia (NH 3 ) is substituted with an alkyl group having 20 or less carbon atoms, or cyclic amines.
- alkylamines in which at least one hydrogen atom of ammonia (NH 3 ) is substituted with an alkyl group having 20 or less carbon atoms, or cyclic amines.
- alkylamine When the alkylamine has a plurality of alkyl groups, the plurality of alkyl groups may be the same or different.
- alkylamines include the following: Even if the side chain of ethylamine, n-propylamine, iso-propylamine, n-butylamine, iso-butylamine, sec-butylamine, tert-butylamine, hexylamine, heptylamine, octylamine, nonylamine, decylamine is substituted Good monoalkylamines; Dialkylamines whose side chains such as dimethylamine, ethylmethylamine, diethylamine, dipropylamine, diisopropylamine, butylethylamine, dibutylamine, dipentylamine, dihexylamine, diheptylamine, dioctylamine, dicyclohexylamine may be substituted And side chains of
- Examples of the cyclic amine include a heterocyclic compound containing a nitrogen atom as a hetero atom, or an aromatic amine.
- the heterocyclic compound may be a monocyclic compound (aliphatic monocyclic amine) or a polycyclic compound (aliphatic polycyclic amine).
- Specific examples of the aliphatic monocyclic amine include piperidine, piperazine, 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane and the like.
- Specific examples of the aliphatic polycyclic amine include 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] -5-nonene, 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene, and hexamethylene.
- Aromatic amines include aniline, pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, pyrrole, indole, pyrazole, imidazole or derivatives thereof; diphenylamine, triphenylamine, tribenzylamine, 2,2′-bipyridyl, 1,10-phenanthroline Etc.
- the amine compound used in the embodiment of the present invention may contain a plurality of nitrogen atoms in one molecule.
- Examples of the amine compound containing a plurality of nitrogen atoms in one molecule include ethylenediamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylethylenediamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetraethylethylenediamine, triethylenediamine, para Examples include phenylenediamine. From the viewpoint of cycle life, ethylenediamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylethylenediamine or N, N, N ′, N′-tetraethylethylenediamine is preferred.
- R B1 —CO—NR B2 R B3 (B1)
- R B1 to R B3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a group having an optionally substituted cyclic skeleton.
- R B1 to R B3 may be the same or different, and may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- R B1 is the following formula (B1 ′): R B1 ′ —O— (B1 ′) ⁇
- R B1 ′ represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a group having an optionally substituted cyclic skeleton.
- the amide compound represented by the formula (B1) is generally called a carbamic acid ester, but is included in the amide compound in the present specification.
- amide compounds include acetamides such as N, N-dimethylacetamide and N, N-dimethyltrifluoroacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, ⁇ -lactam, ⁇ -lactam, ⁇ -lactam, ⁇ -lactam, and carbamine.
- acetamides such as N, N-dimethylacetamide and N, N-dimethyltrifluoroacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, ⁇ -lactam, ⁇ -lactam, ⁇ -lactam, and carbamine.
- examples thereof include methyl acid, ethyl carbamate, methyl N, N-dimethylcarbamate, and ethyl N, N-dimethylcarbamate.
- R B4 CO—NR B5 —CO—R B6 (B2)
- R B4 to R B6 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a group having an optionally substituted cyclic skeleton.
- R B4 to R B6 may be the same or different, and may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- imide compound examples include maleimide, N-methylmaleimide, N-ethylmaleimide, N-phenylmaleimide, phthalimide, N-methylphthalimide, N-ethylphthalimide, N-phenylphthalimide, and the like.
- a compound having a high dehydration and / or acid neutralization ability may be used as the compound having a Si—N bond.
- Examples of the compound having a Si—N bond and having high dehydration and / or acid neutralization ability include compounds represented by the following general formulas (B3) to (B5).
- k is an integer of 1 to 3. From the viewpoint of chemical stability, a compound having a monosilazane structure in which k is 1 in the general formula (B3) and a compound having a disilazane structure in which k is 2 in the general formula (B3) are preferable.
- R B7 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Three R B7 may be the same or different.
- R B7 has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and is preferably 1 to 10 and more preferably 1 to 6 from the viewpoint of handling and availability of the compound represented by the general formula (B3).
- the (R B7 ) 3 Si group is not particularly limited.
- R B8 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. R B8 may form a double bond with the nitrogen atom. When R B8 is plural, R B8 may be the same or different, may form a ring, and is formed by binding a plurality of R B8 rings, N, and O, etc. It may be a heterocyclic ring containing.
- R B8 is more preferably a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R B8 include hydrogen atom, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, n-butyl group, iso-butyl, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, trifluoromethyl group, A cyclohexyl group, an acetylimino group, a trifluoroacetylimino group, or two R B8 formed by forming a ring has the following formula (B3a): It is group represented by these.
- R B9 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Two R B9 s may be the same or different and may be bonded to form a ring, and the ring formed by the bonding of the two R B9 is a heterocyclic ring containing N, O, etc. It may be.
- R B9 is a methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, n-butyl group, iso-butyl, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, or two R B9s form a ring
- R B10 represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R B10 is two or more, two or more R B10 may all be the same or different.
- R B9 , R B10, and m are as described above, the affinity between the composition according to this embodiment and the electrolytic solution tends to be improved.
- R B10 represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, or the like in order to improve the chemical stability of the compound having a Si—N bond.
- An iso-propyl group, an n-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, or a tert-butyl group is preferable.
- R B11 , R B12 and R B13 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably a methyl group, An ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, an n-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, or a tert-butyl group, more preferably a methyl group.
- the plurality of R B11 , the plurality of R B12 , or the plurality of R B13 in the compound represented by the general formula (B5) may be all the same or different.
- R B11 , R B12, and R B13 may be the same or different.
- R B11 , R B12 and R B13 are as described above, chemical stability tends to be improved.
- w is an integer of 0 to 4, and is preferably 1 or 2 from the viewpoint of chemical stability.
- HMDS 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane
- HMDS 1,1,3,3, from the viewpoint of cycle life.
- 5,5-hexamethylcyclotrisilazane N, O-bis (trimethylsilyl) acetamide (BSA), N, O-bis (trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA), N-trimethylsilylimidazole (TMSI), 1,3- Diphenyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisilazane, 1,3-bis (chloromethyl) tetramethyldisilazane, 1,3-divinyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisilazane, heptamethyl Disilazane, octamethylcyclotetrasilazane, N, N′-bis (trimethylsilyl) -1,4-butanediamine, N Methyl-
- HMDS 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane
- TMSDMA 3,5,5-hexamethylcyclotrisilazane, heptamethyldisilazane, N- (trimethylsilyl) dimethylamine (TMSDMA), octamethylcyclotetrasilazane, or methyltris (dimethylamino) silane, particularly preferred examples thereof 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS), N- (trimethylsilyl) dimethylamine (TMSDMA), or heptamethyldisilazane.
- HMDS 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane
- TMSDMA trimethylsilyl dimethylamine
- the compound having a PN bond includes the following general formula (B6): The phosphazene compound represented by these is mentioned.
- R B14 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- R B15 to R B17 each independently represents the following general formula (B7): ⁇
- R B18 , R B19 and R B20 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- s represents an integer of 0 to 10
- R B18 to R B20 are the same.
- Two R B18 s , two R B19 s , and two R B20 s may be independently linked to form a ring. ⁇ It is group represented by these.
- Q + includes the following: Quaternary ammonium groups such as tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, tetrapropylammonium, tetrabutylammonium, tetraoctylammonium; Quaternary phosphonium groups such as tetramethylphosphonium, tetraethylphosphonium, tetrapropylphosphonium, tetrabutylphosphonium, tetraoctylphosphonium; Alkali metals such as Li, Na, K; Alkaline earth metals such as Ca, Sr, Ba; Etc. are exemplified.
- Y ⁇ is as follows: Alkoxy groups such as methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group, allyloxy group, butoxy group, benzyloxy group; and the following general formula: ⁇ In the formula, R represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted alkoxy group, an amino group, a nitro group, or a halogen atom. ⁇ An aryloxy group represented by: Is exemplified.
- the silicon compound (C) has the following general formula (C): ⁇ Wherein R c1 , R c2 , and R c3 each independently represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an optionally substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- X 1 represents a general formula OR 1 (wherein R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a silyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, SO 2 Represents a group represented by CH 3 or SO 2 CF 3 ), or a halogen atom. ⁇ It is one or more types of compounds represented by these.
- the “ optionally substituted hydrocarbon group” is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group such as a phenyl group, and a hydrocarbon group. Examples thereof include fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon groups such as a trifluoromethyl group in which all hydrogen atoms are substituted with fluorine atoms.
- the hydrocarbon group may have a functional group as needed. Such a functional group is not particularly limited.
- a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or a bromine atom, a nitrile group (—CN), an ether group (—O—), a carbonate group (—OCO 2 ).
- Ester group (-CO 2- ), carbonyl group (-CO-), sulfide group (-S-), sulfoxide group (-SO-), sulfone group (-SO 2- ), urethane group (-NHCO 2- ) and the like.
- the hydrocarbon group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 and more preferably 1 to 6.
- the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group is within the above range, the miscibility with the non-aqueous solvent tends to be more excellent.
- the “ optionally substituted hydrocarbon group” includes aliphatic groups such as methyl group, ethyl group, vinyl group, allyl group, isopropenyl group, propyl group, butyl group, and fluoromethyl group.
- a hydrocarbon group; an aromatic hydrocarbon group such as a benzyl group, a phenyl group, a cyanophenyl group or a fluorophenyl group is preferred.
- a methyl group, an ethyl group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, an isopropenyl group Or a fluoromethyl group is more preferred.
- Two of R c1 to R c3 may be bonded to form a ring.
- two of R c1 to R c3 can be substituted with a substituted or unsubstituted saturated or unsaturated alkylene group.
- the “optionally substituted alkoxy group” is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include an alkoxy group having an aliphatic group, and a trifluoromethoxy group in which a hydrogen atom in the alkoxy group is fluorine-substituted. Or a fluorine-substituted alkoxy group such as a hexafluoroisopropoxy group.
- the alkoxy group may be substituted with various functional groups as necessary. Such a functional group is not particularly limited.
- a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or a bromine atom, a nitrile group (—CN), an ether group (—O—), a carbonate group (—OCO 2 ).
- Ester group (-CO 2- ), carbonyl group (-CO-), sulfide group (-S-), sulfoxide group (-SO-), sulfone group (-SO 2- ), urethane group (-NHCO 2- ), aromatic groups such as phenyl group and benzyl group.
- the alkoxy group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 and more preferably 1 to 6.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy group is within the above range, the miscibility with the nonaqueous solvent tends to be superior.
- R 1 in the general formula OR 1 is not particularly limited, for example, aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group such as a phenyl group, and carbonized Examples thereof include fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon groups such as a trifluoromethyl group in which all hydrogen atoms in the hydrogen group are substituted with fluorine atoms.
- the hydrocarbon group may have a functional group as needed.
- a functional group is not particularly limited. For example, a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or a bromine atom, a nitrile group (—CN), an ether group (—O—), a carbonate group (—OCO 2 ).
- the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group is 1 to 20, preferably from 1 to 10, 1 to 6 is more preferred.
- the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group is within the above range, the miscibility with the non-aqueous solvent tends to be superior.
- silyl group is a group having a structure that will have carbon atoms bonded to the O atom via a silicon atom.
- silyl group For example, fluorine substituted silyl groups, such as a silyl group which has an aliphatic group, and the trifluoromethylsilyl group by which the hydrogen atom in the silyl group was substituted by fluorine, are mentioned.
- the silyl group may be substituted with various functional groups as necessary. Such a functional group is not particularly limited.
- a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or a bromine atom, a nitrile group (—CN), an ether group (—O—), a carbonate group (—OCO 2 ).
- Ester group (-CO 2- ), carbonyl group (-CO-), sulfide group (-S-), sulfoxide group (-SO-), sulfone group (-SO 2- ), urethane group (-NHCO 2- ), aromatic groups such as phenyl group and benzyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms of the silyl group is from 1 to 20, preferably from 1 to 10, 1 to 6 is more preferred.
- the carbon number of the silyl group is within the above range, the miscibility with the non-aqueous solvent tends to be superior.
- the R c1 R c2 R c3 Si group in the general formula (C) includes (CH 3 ) 3 Si, (C 2 H 5 ) 3 Si, (C 3 H 7 ) 3 Si, (tert-C 4 H 9 ) (CH 3 ) 2 Si, (CH 2 ⁇ CH) 3 Si, (CH 2 ⁇ CHCH 2 ) 3 Si, or (CF 3 ) 3 Si are preferred, and (CH 3 ) 3 Si is more preferred.
- chemical durability in the lithium ion secondary battery tends to be further improved.
- the decomposition of the compound (a), that is, the silyl group-containing compound (A) is suppressed by the cooperation of the compound (a) and the compound (b).
- the storage stability of the silyl group-containing compound (A) is improved, and further, both the compound (a) and the compound (b) act on the positive electrode, the negative electrode, or both, thereby improving the cycle characteristics of the battery. It is considered that the input / output characteristics were improved while the decomposition of the electrolyte and the generation of gas could be suppressed.
- the composition ratio of the composition for adding an electrolytic solution is important.
- the cycle characteristics of the battery The input / output characteristics can be sufficiently improved while maintaining the above.
- the content of the compound (b) in the composition for adding an electrolyte is from the viewpoint of reducing the viscosity of the composition for adding an electrolyte or the electrolyte and improving the input / output characteristics of the battery. It is important that the content is 1 mass ppm or more and 100 mass% or less with respect to 100 mass% of the compound (a). When the content of the compound (b) is less than 1 ppm by mass, the effect of lowering the viscosity of the composition for adding an electrolytic solution or the electrolytic solution cannot be obtained sufficiently, and the effect of improving the input / output characteristics of the battery is also obtained. I can't. When content of a compound (b) exceeds 100 mass%, the cycle life of a battery will fall.
- the content of the compound (b) in the composition for adding an electrolytic solution is preferably 10 mass ppm or more and 50 mass% or less, and 50 mass ppm or more and 20 mass% or less with respect to 100 mass% of the compound (a). It is more preferable that it is 0.1 mass% or more and 10 mass% or less.
- the content of the compound (b) or the composition ratio of the composition for adding an electrolyte solution includes 19 F-NMR, 31 P-NMR, 29 Si-NMR and other NMR measurements, ICP-MS, ICP-AES and other elemental analysis, It can be confirmed by gas chromatographic measurement and GC-MS measurement. In various measurement methods, a calibration curve is prepared using a standard substance, and the content of the compound (b) or the composition ratio of the composition for adding an electrolytic solution can be determined.
- Examples of the method for producing the composition for adding an electrolytic solution according to this embodiment include the following methods 1) to 3). 1) A predetermined amount of compound (b), that is, basic compound (B) and / or silicon compound (C) is added to compound (a), that is, silyl group-containing compound (A), and a composition for adding an electrolytic solution How to get.
- the compound (a), that is, the silyl group-containing compound (A) is synthesized
- the compound (b), that is, the basic compound (B) and / or the silicon compound (C) is used as a raw material, and after the synthesis reaction
- an unreacted compound (b) is mixed with the silyl group-containing compound (A) so as to exist in the content described above, and an electrolyte solution is added.
- an electrolyte solution is added.
- the compound (D) is not particularly limited.
- an alcohol having an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a silanol having 1 to 20 carbon atoms may be used as the compound (D).
- the group represented by the general formula OR 1 can be introduced into X 1 of the silicon compound (C) represented by the general formula (C).
- R 1 in the general formula OR 1 is a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group optionally substituted carbon atoms 1 be 1-20, or a silyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- a silyl group-containing compound (A), a basic compound (B), and a silicon compound are added to the composition for adding an electrolyte solution containing at least one compound (a) and at least one compound (b).
- Lithium salts such as lithium monofluorophosphate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium bis (oxalato) borate, lithium difluoro (oxalato) borate, lithium tetrafluoro (oxalato) phosphate, lithium difluorobis (oxalato) phosphate, etc .
- Unsaturated bond-containing carbonates such as vinylene carbonate, vinyl ethylene carbonate and the like
- Halogen atom-containing carbonates such as fluoroethylene carbonate and trifluoromethylethylene carbonate
- Carboxylic anhydrides such as acetic anhydride, benzoic anhydride, succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride and the like
- Sulfur atom-containing compounds such as ethylene sulfite, 1,3-propane sultone, 1,3-propene sultone,
- the form of the composition for adding an electrolytic solution may be liquid, solid, or a mixture of liquid and solid (slurry state).
- An electrolyte solution for a nonaqueous electricity storage device can be produced by adding an electrolyte solution composition to an electrolyte solution prepared from a nonaqueous solvent and a lithium salt, which will be described later.
- a composition containing compound (a) and compound (b) may be added to the solid electrolyte.
- an electrolyte solution for a non-aqueous electricity storage device includes a non-aqueous solvent, a lithium salt, and the composition for adding an electrolyte solution.
- an electrolyte solution for a non-aqueous electricity storage device containing a non-aqueous solvent and a lithium salt is prepared in advance, and the composition for adding an electrolyte solution is added to the electrolyte solution for a non-aqueous electricity storage device. May be added as In this technical field, the additive is generally added in a relatively small amount with respect to the electrolytic solution.
- the additive is 50% by mass or less, 40% by mass or less, 30% by mass or less, and 20% by mass with respect to the electrolytic solution. Below, 10% by mass or less, 5% by mass or less, 1% by mass or less, or 0.5% by mass can be added.
- the nonaqueous solvent and lithium salt will be described below.
- Nonaqueous solvent examples include aprotic polar solvents.
- aprotic polar solvent examples include ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, 1,2-butylene carbonate, 2,3-butylene carbonate, 1,2-pentylene carbonate, 2,3-pentylene carbonate, and trifluoromethylethylene.
- Cyclic carbonates such as carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate and 4,5-difluoroethylene carbonate; Lactones such as ⁇ -butyrolactone and ⁇ -valerolactone; Cyclic sulfones such as sulfolane; Cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane; Ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate and diethyl Carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, methyl isopropyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methyl butyl carbonate, dibutyl carbonate And chain carbonates such as ethyl propyl carbonate and methyl trifluoroethyl carbonate; nitriles such as acetonitrile; chain ethers such as dimethyl ether; chain carboxylic acid esters such as methyl propionate; and chain diethers such as dimethoxyethane. .
- carbonates such as cyclic carbonate and chain carbonate are preferable. Therefore, carbonate will be described below.
- Carbonate Although it does not specifically limit as carbonate, for example, it is more preferable to use carbonate type solvents, such as cyclic carbonate and chain carbonate. It is more preferable to use a combination of a cyclic carbonate and a chain carbonate as the carbonate solvent.
- the electrolytic solution tends to be more excellent in ionic conductivity by including such a carbonate.
- Cyclic carbonate Although it does not specifically limit as cyclic carbonate, for example, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, etc. are mentioned. Among these, at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate is preferable.
- the electrolytic solution tends to be more excellent in ionic conductivity by including such a cyclic carbonate.
- Chain carbonate Although it does not specifically limit as a chain carbonate, For example, 1 or more types chosen from the group which consists of dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, and ethyl methyl carbonate is preferable.
- the electrolytic solution tends to be more excellent in ionic conductivity by including such a chain carbonate.
- the mixing ratio of the cyclic carbonate and the chain carbonate is a volume ratio (volume of the cyclic carbonate: volume of the chain carbonate) of 1:10 to 5: 1 is preferable, 1: 5 to 3: 1 is more preferable, and 1: 5 to 1: 1 is more preferable.
- the mixing ratio is within the above range, the ion conductivity of the lithium ion secondary battery tends to be more excellent.
- nonaqueous solvents such as acetonitrile and sulfolane can be further added to the electrolytic solution as necessary.
- acetonitrile and sulfolane can be further added to the electrolytic solution as necessary.
- another non-aqueous solvent By using another non-aqueous solvent, the battery physical properties of the lithium ion secondary battery tend to be further improved.
- the non-aqueous solvent described above can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Lithium salt A lithium salt will not be specifically limited if it has a function as an electrolyte which bears the ionic conductivity of electrolyte solution. Furthermore, the lithium salt may have a function of suppressing oxidative decomposition of the electrolytic solution by acting on the positive electrode or the negative electrode, or both the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- Suitable lithium salts include, for example, LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , Li 2 SiF 6 , LiOSO 2 C k F 2k + 1 ⁇ wherein k is an integer from 0 to 8 ⁇ , LiN (SO 2 C k F 2k + 1 ) 2 ⁇ where k is an integer from 0 to 8 ⁇ , LiPF n (C k F 2k + 1 ) 6-n ⁇ where n is an integer from 1 to 5 and k is Is an integer of 1 to 8. ⁇ and the like.
- the content of the lithium salt is preferably 1% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or more and 35% by mass or less, and more preferably 7% by mass or more with respect to 100% by mass of the nonaqueous solvent. It is particularly preferably 30% by mass or less.
- content is 1% by mass or more, the ion conductivity of the lithium ion secondary battery tends to be superior.
- content is 40 mass% or less, it exists in the tendency for the solubility in the low temperature of lithium salt to improve more.
- the content of the lithium salt relative to the nonaqueous solvent can be confirmed by NMR measurement such as 19 F-NMR, 11 B-NMR, 31 P-NMR.
- the lithium salt content in the electrolyte solution in the lithium ion secondary battery is also measured by NMR measurement such as 19 F-NMR, 11 B-NMR, 31 P-NMR, ICP-MS, ICP, as described above. -It can be confirmed by elemental analysis such as AES.
- a desired electrolytic solution can be prepared by adding the composition for an electrolytic solution additive to an electrolytic solution prepared from a nonaqueous solvent and a lithium salt.
- 1 type or more of the said compound (a) and 1 type or more of the said compound (b) are each added to the electrolyte solution prepared from the nonaqueous solvent and lithium salt by predetermined amount, and desired electrolyte solution is obtained. It may be prepared.
- the compound (a) is contained in an amount of 0.01% by mass to 10% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the electrolytic solution prepared from the non-aqueous solvent and the lithium salt. It is preferable to add a composition for an electrolytic solution additive to the prepared electrolytic solution.
- the content of the compound (a) in the electrolytic solution is 0.01% by mass or more, the cycle life of the lithium ion secondary battery tends to be further improved. Moreover, it exists in the tendency for a battery output to improve that this content is 10 mass% or less.
- the content of the compound (a) in the electrolytic solution is more preferably 0.02% by mass to 10% by mass, and still more preferably 0.1% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the electrolytic solution. % To 8% by mass, particularly preferably 0.5% to 5% by mass.
- the content of the compound (a) in the electrolytic solution can be confirmed by NMR measurement.
- content of the compound (a) in the electrolyte solution in a lithium ion secondary battery can also be confirmed by NMR measurement similarly to the above.
- additives to the electrolyte You may make the electrolyte solution which concerns on this embodiment contain additives other than the said nonaqueous solvent, the said lithium salt, and the said silyl group containing compound (A) as needed.
- additives include, but are not limited to, other lithium salts, unsaturated bond-containing carbonates, halogen atom-containing carbonates, carboxylic acid anhydrides, sulfur atom-containing compounds (for example, sulfides, disulfides, sulfonate esters). Sulfites, sulfates, sulfonic anhydrides, etc.), nitrile group-containing compounds, and the like.
- Lithium salts for example, lithium monofluorophosphate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium bis (oxalato) borate, lithium difluoro (oxalato) borate, lithium tetrafluoro (oxalato) phosphate, lithium difluorobis (oxalato) phosphate, etc .
- Unsaturated bond-containing carbonate for example, vinylene carbonate, vinyl ethylene carbonate, etc .
- Halogen atom-containing carbonate for example, fluoroethylene carbonate, trifluoromethylethylene carbonate, etc .
- Carboxylic anhydride for example, acetic anhydride, benzoic anhydride, succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, etc .
- Sulfur atom-containing compounds for example, ethylene sulfite, 1,3-propane sultone, 1,3-propene sultone, 1,4-butane s
- At least one selected from the group consisting of lithium difluorophosphate and lithium monofluorophosphate is preferable from the viewpoint of further improving the cycle characteristics of the battery.
- the content of at least one additive selected from the group consisting of lithium difluorophosphate and lithium monofluorophosphate is preferably 0.001% by mass or more with respect to 100% by mass of the electrolyte, More preferably, it is more preferably 0.02% by mass or more.
- the content is preferably 3% by mass or less, more preferably 2% by mass or less, and further preferably 1% by mass or less.
- the content is 3% by mass or less, the ion conductivity of the lithium ion secondary battery tends to be further improved.
- the content of other additives in the electrolytic solution can be confirmed by NMR measurement such as 31 P-NMR and 19 F-NMR.
- the electrolyte solution according to the present embodiment is suitably used as an electrolyte solution for non-aqueous electricity storage devices.
- the non-aqueous electricity storage device refers to an electricity storage device that does not use an aqueous solution for the electrolyte in the electricity storage device.
- Examples of non-aqueous storage devices include lithium ion secondary batteries, sodium ion secondary batteries, calcium ion secondary batteries, and lithium ion capacitors. Among these, from the viewpoints of practicality and durability, lithium ion secondary batteries and lithium ion capacitors are preferable as the nonaqueous storage device, and lithium ion secondary batteries are more preferable.
- a lithium ion secondary battery (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “battery”) includes the above electrolytic solution, a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material, and a negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material. .
- This battery may have the same configuration as a conventional lithium ion secondary battery except that it includes the above-described electrolyte solution.
- a positive electrode will not be specifically limited if it acts as a positive electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery, Therefore A well-known positive electrode may be used.
- the positive electrode preferably includes one or more materials selected from the group consisting of materials capable of inserting and extracting lithium ions as a positive electrode active material. Examples of such a material include the following general formulas (6a) and (6b): Li x MO 2 (6a) Li y M 2 O 4 (6b) ⁇ Wherein M represents one or more metals selected from transition metals, x is a number from 0 to 1, and y is a number from 0 to 2. ⁇ And a metal chalcogenide and metal oxide having a tunnel structure and a layered structure, and an olivine-type phosphate compound.
- lithium cobalt oxide typified by LiCoO 2
- lithium manganese oxide typified by LiMnO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , Li 2 Mn 2 O 4
- LiNiO 2 Representative lithium nickel oxide
- Li z MO 2 wherein M represents two or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ni, Mn, Co, Al and Mg, and z is more than 0.9. The number is less than 2.
- Lithium-containing composite metal oxide represented by :; and iron phosphate olivine represented by LiFePO 4 may be used.
- the positive electrode active material for example, oxidation of metals other than lithium typified by S, MnO 2 , FeO 2 , FeS 2 , V 2 O 5 , V 6 O 13 , TiO 2 , TiS 2 , MoS 2 and NbSe 2 Things may also be used.
- a conductive polymer typified by polyaniline, polythiophene, polyacetylene, and polypyrrole may be used.
- a lithium-containing compound as the positive electrode active material because a high voltage and a high energy density tend to be obtained.
- the lithium-containing compound is not limited as long as it contains lithium, for example, a composite oxide containing lithium and a transition metal element, a phosphate compound containing lithium and a transition metal element, and a silicon oxide containing lithium and a transition metal element.
- An acid metal compound or the like may be used.
- the metal silicate compound containing lithium and a transition metal element for example, Li t M u SiO 4 ⁇ M is as defined in the above formula (6a), t is a number from 0 to 1, U is a number from 0 to 2. ).
- lithium cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), vanadium A composite oxide and a phosphate compound containing one or more transition metal elements selected from the group consisting of (V) and titanium (Ti) are preferred.
- the lithium-containing compound is preferably a metal oxide having lithium, a metal chalcogenide having lithium, and a metal phosphate compound having lithium, and a metal oxide having lithium and a metal chalcogenide having lithium.
- the metal oxide having lithium and the metal chalcogenide having lithium include the following general formulas (7a) and (7b): Li v M I O 2 (7a ) Li w M II PO 4 (7b) ⁇ Wherein M I and M II each represent one or more transition metal elements, and v and w vary depending on the charge / discharge state of the battery, respectively, but usually v is 0.05 to 1.10. And w is a number from 0.05 to 1.10. ⁇ The compound represented by these is mentioned.
- the compound represented by the general formula (7a) generally has a layered structure
- the compound represented by the general formula (7b) generally has an olivine structure.
- a part of the transition metal element is substituted with Al, Mg or other transition metal elements, included in the grain boundaries, or oxygen atoms
- the positive electrode active materials described above are used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the number average particle size (primary particle size) of the positive electrode active material is preferably 0.05 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- the number average particle size of the positive electrode active material can be measured by a wet particle size measuring device (for example, a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution meter and a dynamic light scattering particle size distribution meter).
- 100 particles observed with a transmission electron microscope are randomly extracted and analyzed with image analysis software (for example, image analysis software manufactured by Asahi Kasei Engineering Co., Ltd., trade name “A Image-kun”).
- image analysis software for example, image analysis software manufactured by Asahi Kasei Engineering Co., Ltd., trade name “A Image-kun”.
- the positive electrode preferably includes a positive electrode active material having a discharge capacity of 10 mAh / g or more at a potential of 4.1 V (vsLi / Li + ) or more.
- the battery according to this embodiment is useful in that the cycle life can be improved even if such a positive electrode is provided.
- 4.1 V and a positive electrode active material having a 10 mAh / g or more discharge capacity (vsLi / Li +) or more potential, 4.1V (vsLi / Li +) of the lithium ion secondary battery or a potential A positive electrode active material that can cause a charge and discharge reaction as a positive electrode and has a discharge capacity of 10 mAh or more with respect to 1 g of mass of the active material at a constant current discharge of 0.1 C.
- the positive electrode active material has a discharge capacity of 10 mAh / g or more at a potential of 4.1 V (vsLi / Li + ) or more, it has a discharge capacity at a potential of 4.1 V (vsLi / Li + ) or less. May be.
- the discharge capacity of the positive electrode active material used in the present embodiment is preferably 10 mAh / g or more, more preferably 15 mAh / g or more, and further preferably 20 mAh / g or more at a potential of 4.1 V (vsLi / Li + ) or more.
- the discharge capacity of the positive electrode active material is 10 mAh / g or more at a potential of 4.1 V (vsLi / Li + ) or more
- the battery can be driven at a high voltage to achieve a high energy density.
- the discharge capacity of the positive electrode active material can be measured by the method described in the examples.
- the positive electrode active material has the following formula (E1): LiMn 2-x Ma x O 4 (E1) ⁇ In the formula, Ma represents one or more selected from the group consisting of transition metals, and x is a number in the range of 0.2 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.7.
- the oxide represented by the formula (E1) may be a spinel positive electrode active material. Although it does not specifically limit as a spinel type positive electrode active material, following formula (E1a): LiMn 2-x Ni x O 4 (E1a) ⁇ Wherein x is a number within a range of 0.2 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.7. ⁇ An oxide represented by the following formula (E1b): LiMn 2-x Ni x O 4 (E1b) ⁇ Wherein x is a number within a range of 0.3 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.6. ⁇ Is more preferable.
- the oxide represented by the formula (E1a) or (E1b), is not particularly limited, for example, LiMn 1.5 Ni 0.5 O 4 and LiMn 1.6 Ni 0.4 O 4 and the like.
- the stability of the positive electrode active material tends to be more excellent.
- the spinel oxide represented by the formula (E1) is within a range of 10 mol% or less with respect to the number of moles of Mn atoms, in addition to the above structure. Further, a transition metal or a transition metal oxide may be contained.
- the compound represented by Formula (E1) is used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the oxide represented by the formula (E2) may be a layered oxide positive electrode active material. Although it does not specifically limit as a layered oxide positive electrode active material, For example, following formula (E2a): LiMn 1- vw Co v Ni w O 2 (E2a) ⁇ Wherein v is a number within a range of 0.1 ⁇ v ⁇ 0.4, and w is a number within a range of 0.1 ⁇ w ⁇ 0.8. ⁇ A layered oxide represented by
- the layered oxide represented by the formula (E2a) is not particularly limited, for example, LiMn 1/3 Co 1/3 Ni 1/3 O 2, LiMn 0.1 Co 0.1 Ni 0.8 O 2 , LiMn 0.3 Co 0.2 Ni 0.5 O 2 and the like.
- the compound represented by Formula (E2) is used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the composite oxide is more preferable.
- the stability of the positive electrode active material tends to be more excellent.
- the composite oxide represented by the formula (E3) is within a range of 10 mol% or less with respect to the total number of moles of Mn, Ni, and Co atoms from the viewpoint of stability of the positive electrode active material, electronic conductivity, and the like.
- a transition metal or a transition metal oxide may be further contained.
- the composite oxide represented by the formula (E3) is used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the compound represented by the formula (E4) may be an olivine type positive electrode active material. Although it does not specifically limit as an olivine type positive electrode active material, For example, following formula (E4a): LiMn 1-y Fe y PO 4 (E4a) ⁇ Wherein y is a number within a range of 0.05 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.8. ⁇ Or a compound represented by the following formula (E4b): LiCo 1-y Fe y PO 4 (E4b) ⁇ Wherein y is a number within a range of 0.05 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.8. ⁇ The compound represented by these is preferable.
- the compound represented by the formula (E4) By using the compound represented by the formula (E4), the stability and electronic conductivity of the positive electrode active material tend to be more excellent.
- the compound represented by Formula (E4) is used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the compound represented by the formula (E5) may be a fluorinated olivine type positive electrode active material.
- the fluoride olivine-type positive electrode active material is not particularly limited, for example, Li 2 FePO 4 F, Li 2 MnPO 4 F and Li 2 CoPO 4 F are preferred.
- the compound represented by the formula (E5) has the above structure in a range of 10 mol% or less with respect to the total number of moles of Mn, Fe and Co atoms from the viewpoint of stability of the positive electrode active material, electronic conductivity and the like.
- a transition metal or a transition metal oxide may be further contained.
- the compound represented by Formula (E5) is used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the positive electrode active material having a discharge capacity of 10 mAh / g or more at a potential of 4.1 V (vsLi / Li + ) or more can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Also, as the positive electrode active material, 4.1V (vsLi / Li +) and the positive electrode active material having a 10 mAh / g or more discharge capacity than the potential, 4.1V (vsLi / Li +) or more potential 10 mAh / g A positive electrode active material having no discharge capacity as described above can also be used in combination. Examples of the positive electrode active material that does not have a discharge capacity of 10 mAh / g or more at a potential of 4.1 V (vsLi / Li + ) or more include LiFePO 4 and LiV 3 O 8 .
- the positive electrode potential of the lithium reference when fully charged lithium ion secondary battery according to the present embodiment 4.1V (vsLi / Li +) or more preferably, 4.15V (vsLi / Li +) or more, and 4 More preferably, it is 2 V (vsLi / Li + ) or more.
- the positive electrode potential at full charge is 4.1 V (vs Li / Li + ) or more, the charge / discharge capacity of the positive electrode active material of the lithium ion secondary battery tends to be efficiently utilized.
- the positive electrode potential at full charge is 4.1 V (vsLi / Li + ) or more, the energy density of the lithium ion secondary battery tends to be further improved.
- the positive electrode potential based on lithium at the time of full charge can be controlled by controlling the voltage of the battery at the time of full charge.
- Lithium-based positive electrode potential at full charge is to disassemble a fully charged lithium ion secondary battery in an Ar glove box, take out the positive electrode, reassemble the battery using metallic lithium as the counter electrode, and measure the voltage Can be measured easily. Further, when a carbon negative electrode active material is used for the negative electrode, the potential of the lithium ion secondary battery at the time of full charge (Va) since the potential of the carbon negative electrode active material at the time of full charge is 0.05 V (vsLi / Li + ). ) To 0.05V, the potential of the positive electrode at full charge can be easily calculated.
- the positive electrode active material can be produced by the same method as that for producing a general inorganic oxide.
- the method for producing the positive electrode active material is not particularly limited.
- inorganic oxide is obtained by firing a mixture in which metal salts (for example, sulfate and / or nitrate) are mixed at a predetermined ratio in an atmosphere containing oxygen.
- a method of obtaining a positive electrode active material containing a product Alternatively, a carbonate and / or hydroxide salt is allowed to act on a solution in which a metal salt is dissolved to precipitate a hardly soluble metal salt, which is extracted and separated into lithium carbonate and / or lithium as a lithium source.
- the method of obtaining the positive electrode active material containing an inorganic oxide by baking in the atmospheric environment containing oxygen is mentioned.
- a paste containing a positive electrode mixture is prepared by dispersing, in a solvent, a positive electrode mixture obtained by adding a conductive auxiliary agent, a binder, and the like to the positive electrode active material as necessary.
- this paste is applied to a positive electrode current collector, dried to form a positive electrode mixture layer, the positive electrode mixture layer is pressurized as necessary, and the thickness can be adjusted to produce a positive electrode. it can.
- a negative electrode will not be specifically limited if it acts as a negative electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery, Therefore You may use a known negative electrode. It is preferable that a negative electrode contains 1 or more types chosen from the group which consists of a material which can occlude and discharge
- Examples thereof include at least one selected from the group consisting of an active material; a silicon oxide negative electrode active material; a tin oxide negative electrode active material; and a lithium-containing compound typified by a lithium titanate negative electrode active material. These negative electrode active materials are used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the carbon negative electrode active material is not particularly limited.
- coke For example, pitch coke, needle coke, and petroleum coke are mentioned.
- the fired body of the organic polymer compound is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include those obtained by firing and polymerizing a polymer material such as a phenol resin and a furan resin at an appropriate temperature.
- the metal or a semimetal may be a simple substance, an alloy or a compound, and these 1 type or It may have at least a part of two or more phases.
- the “alloy” includes an alloy having one or more metal elements and one or more metalloid elements in addition to an alloy composed of two or more metal elements. Further, the alloy may contain a nonmetallic element as long as it has metal properties as a whole.
- metal element and a metalloid element For example, titanium (Ti), tin (Sn), lead (Pb), aluminum (Al), indium (In), silicon (Si), zinc (Zn) , Antimony (Sb), bismuth (Bi), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), silver (Ag), hafnium (Hf), zirconium (Zr) and yttrium (Y).
- the metal elements and metalloid elements of Group 4 or 14 in the long-period periodic table are preferable, and titanium, silicon, and tin are particularly preferable.
- an alloy of silicon for example, as a second constituent element other than silicon, a group consisting of tin, magnesium, nickel, copper, iron, cobalt, manganese, zinc, indium, silver, titanium, germanium, bismuth, antimony and chromium Those having one or more elements selected from the above are listed.
- titanium compound examples include those having oxygen (O) or carbon (C), and in addition to titanium, tin, or silicon, the second constituent element described above is included. It may be.
- lithium-containing compounds can be cited as materials capable of inserting and extracting lithium ions.
- the same compounds as those exemplified as the positive electrode material can be used.
- the negative electrode active material may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the number average particle diameter (primary particle diameter) of the negative electrode active material is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- the number average particle size of the negative electrode active material is measured in the same manner as the number average particle size of the positive electrode active material.
- a negative electrode is obtained as follows, for example. First, if necessary, a negative electrode mixture prepared by adding a conductive additive, a binder, and the like to the negative electrode active material is dispersed in a solvent to prepare a paste containing the negative electrode mixture. Next, this paste is applied to a negative electrode current collector and dried to form a negative electrode mixture layer, which is pressurized as necessary, and the thickness can be adjusted to produce a negative electrode.
- the negative electrode current collector is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include those composed of metal foil such as copper foil, nickel foil, or stainless steel foil.
- the conductive aid used as necessary is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include carbon black such as graphite, acetylene black and ketjen black, and carbon fiber.
- the binder used as necessary is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyacrylic acid, styrene butadiene rubber, and fluorine rubber. Can be mentioned.
- the lithium ion secondary battery according to the present embodiment preferably includes a separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode from the viewpoint of providing the battery with safety such as prevention of short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes and shutdown.
- a separator provided in a known lithium ion secondary battery can be used.
- the separator an insulating thin film having high ion permeability and excellent mechanical strength is preferable.
- the separator is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, and a synthetic resin microporous membrane.
- a synthetic resin microporous membrane is preferable.
- the porous film made from heat resistant resins such as the product made from a ceramic, the product made from polyolefin, the product made from polyester, the product made from polyamide, the product made from liquid crystal polyester, an aramid, is mentioned.
- the microporous membrane made of synthetic resin is not particularly limited.
- a polyolefin microporous membrane such as a microporous membrane containing polyethylene or polypropylene as a main component or a microporous membrane containing both polyethylene and polypropylene.
- the separator may be a single microporous membrane or a laminate of a plurality of microporous membranes, or may be a laminate of two or more microporous membranes.
- the lithium ion secondary battery according to the present embodiment is not particularly limited, for example, a separator, a laminate formed by a positive electrode and a negative electrode sandwiching the separator from both sides, and a positive electrode current collector (positive electrode sandwiching the laminate) And a negative electrode current collector (arranged outside the negative electrode), and a battery exterior housing them.
- the laminate in which the positive electrode, the separator, and the negative electrode are laminated is impregnated with the electrolytic solution according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a lithium ion secondary battery according to the present embodiment.
- a lithium ion secondary battery 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a separator 110, a positive electrode 120 and a negative electrode 130 that sandwich the separator 110 from both sides, and a positive electrode current collector 140 that sandwiches a laminate thereof (arranged outside the positive electrode). And a negative electrode current collector 150 (arranged outside the negative electrode) and a battery outer case 160 for housing them.
- a laminate in which the positive electrode 120, the separator 110, and the negative electrode 130 are stacked is impregnated with an electrolytic solution.
- the lithium ion secondary battery according to the present embodiment can be produced by a known method using the above-described electrolytic solution, positive electrode, negative electrode, and, if necessary, a separator.
- a positive electrode and a negative electrode are wound in a laminated state with a separator interposed therebetween and formed into a laminated body of a wound structure, or a plurality of layers laminated alternately by bending, laminating a plurality of layers, etc.
- a lithium ion secondary battery can be produced by immersing and sealing the laminate in the electrolytic solution.
- an electrolytic solution containing a nonaqueous solvent, a lithium salt, and the electrolytic solution addition composition according to the present embodiment may be used; ii) The electrolytic solution addition composition according to this embodiment may be added to the electrolytic solution not including the electrolytic solution addition composition according to this embodiment; or (iii) the electrolytic solution according to this embodiment.
- the compound (a) and the compound (b) are contained in an amount of 1 ppm by mass to 100% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the compound (a). You may add so that it may become the following.
- the shape of the lithium ion secondary battery according to the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and for example, a cylindrical shape, an elliptical shape, a rectangular tube shape, a button shape, a coin shape, a flat shape, a laminated shape, and the like are suitably employed.
- Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis (NMR): Molecular structure analysis by 1 H-NMR and 31 P-NMR Measuring apparatus: JNM-GSX400G type nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus (manufactured by JEOL Ltd.) Solvent: deuterated chloroform Reference material: 1 H-NMR chloroform (7.26 ppm), 31 P-NMR 85% phosphoric acid (0 ppm)
- GC-MS Gas chromatography mass spectrometry
- GC device Agilent 6890 (Agilent Technology)
- Capillary column DB-1 (column length 30 m, inner diameter 0.25 mm, film thickness 0.25 ⁇ m)
- MS equipment Agilent 5973 (Agilent Technology)
- Ionization method Electron ionization method (EI)
- Viscosity Measurement temperature 23 ° C Measuring device: Vibrating viscometer (Seconic)
- Nickel sulfate and manganese sulfate in an amount of 1: 3 as the molar ratio of the transition metal element were dissolved in water to prepare a nickel-manganese mixed aqueous solution so that the total metal ion concentration was 2 mol / L.
- this nickel-manganese mixed aqueous solution was dropped into 1650 mL of a 2 mol / L sodium carbonate aqueous solution heated to 70 ° C. at an addition rate of 12.5 mL / min for 120 minutes.
- nickel manganese compound During dropping, air with a flow rate of 200 mL / min was bubbled into the aqueous solution while stirring. Thereby, a precipitated substance was generated, and the obtained precipitated substance was sufficiently washed with distilled water and dried to obtain a nickel manganese compound.
- the obtained nickel-manganese compound and lithium carbonate having a particle size of 2 ⁇ m were weighed so that the molar ratio of lithium: nickel: manganese was 1: 0.5: 1.5, and obtained after dry-mixing for 1 hour.
- the obtained mixture was baked at 1000 ° C. for 5 hours in an oxygen atmosphere to obtain a positive electrode active material represented by LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 .
- N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as a dispersion solvent was added so as to have a solid content of 35% by mass, and further mixed to prepare a slurry solution.
- This slurry solution was applied to one side of an aluminum foil having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m, and the solvent was removed by drying, followed by rolling with a roll press to obtain a positive electrode sheet.
- a half cell is manufactured using and, after being charged to 4.85 V at 0.02 C, and discharged at 0.1 C, a discharge capacity of 111 mAh / g at a potential of 4.4 V (vs Li / Li + ) or higher is obtained. It was confirmed that the positive electrode active material had.
- Graphite powder made by Osaka Gas Chemical Co., trade name “OMAC1.2H / SS” and another graphite powder (made by TIMCAL, trade name “SFG6”) as a negative electrode active material, and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) as a binder and
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- the aqueous solution of carboxymethyl cellulose was mixed at a solid mass ratio of 90: 10: 1.5: 1.8.
- the obtained mixture was added to water as a dispersion solvent so that the solid content concentration was 45% by mass to prepare a slurry-like solution.
- This slurry-like solution was applied to one side of a copper foil having a thickness of 18 ⁇ m, and after removing the solvent by drying, it was rolled with a roll press to obtain a negative electrode sheet.
- the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet produced as described above were punched into a disk shape having a diameter of 16 mm to obtain a positive electrode and a negative electrode.
- a laminated body in which the obtained positive and negative electrodes are laminated on both sides of a separator (thickness 25 ⁇ m, porosity 50%, pore diameter 0.1 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m) made of a microporous membrane made of polypropylene is a disc-shaped battery made of stainless steel. Inserted into the case (exterior body). Next, 0.2 mL of an electrolyte solution described in Examples and Comparative Examples described later was injected therein, and the laminate was immersed in the electrolyte solution. Then, the battery case was sealed to prepare a lithium ion secondary battery.
- the obtained lithium ion secondary battery is housed in a thermostatic chamber set at 25 ° C. (trade name “PLM-73S”, manufactured by Futaba Kagaku Co., Ltd.), and charged / discharge device (manufactured by Asuka Electronics Co., Ltd., product name “ACD”). ⁇ 01 ”) and allowed to stand for 20 hours. Charging / discharging the battery until it reaches 4.9V at a constant current of 0.2C, and further charging for 3 hours at a constant voltage of 4.9V, and then discharging to 3.0V at a constant current of 0.2C. The cycle was repeated three times to perform initial charge / discharge of the battery. In addition, 1C shows the electric current value in the case of discharging the full capacity of a battery in 1 hour.
- LiNi 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3 O 2 positive electrode Battery performance evaluation by lithium ion secondary battery using LiNi 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3 O 2 positive electrode ⁇ Preparation of positive electrode sheet> 5.
- N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was added to the obtained mixture so as to have a solid content of 68% by mass and further mixed to prepare a slurry solution.
- This slurry-like solution was applied to one side of an aluminum foil having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m, and the solvent was dried and removed, followed by rolling with a roll press to obtain a positive electrode sheet.
- Graphite carbon powder (I) having a number average particle diameter of 12.7 ⁇ m and graphite carbon powder (II) having a number average particle diameter of 6.5 ⁇ m as a negative electrode active material, and a carboxymethyl cellulose solution (solid content concentration: 1.83 mass%) as a binder And diene rubber (glass transition temperature: ⁇ 5 ° C., number average particle size upon drying: 120 nm, dispersion medium: water, solid content concentration: 40% by mass), graphite carbon powder (I): graphite carbon powder (II): Carboxymethyl cellulose solution: Diene rubber 90: 10: 1.44: 1.76 The solid content is mixed so that the total solid concentration is 45% by mass, and the slurry solution Was prepared. This slurry solution was applied to one side of a 10 ⁇ m thick copper foil, the solvent was removed by drying, and then rolled with a roll press to obtain a negative electrode sheet.
- the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet produced as described above were punched into a disk shape having a diameter of 16 mm to obtain a positive electrode and a negative electrode.
- a laminated body in which the obtained positive and negative electrodes are laminated on both sides of a separator (thickness 25 ⁇ m, porosity 50%, pore diameter 0.1 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m) made of a microporous membrane made of polypropylene is a disc-shaped battery made of stainless steel. Inserted into the case (exterior body). Next, 0.2 mL of an electrolyte solution described in Examples and Comparative Examples described later was injected therein, and the laminate was immersed in the electrolyte solution. Then, the battery case was sealed to prepare a lithium ion secondary battery.
- the obtained lithium ion secondary battery is housed in a thermostatic chamber set at 25 ° C. (trade name “PLM-73S”, manufactured by Futaba Kagaku Co., Ltd.), and charged / discharge device (manufactured by Asuka Electronics Co., Ltd., product name “ACD”). ⁇ 01 ”) and allowed to stand for 20 hours.
- the battery is then charged at a constant current of 0.2 C until it reaches 4.2 V, further charged at a constant voltage of 4.2 V for 3 hours, and then discharged to 3.0 V at a constant current of 0.2 C.
- the charge / discharge cycle was repeated three times to perform initial charge / discharge of the battery.
- the battery was charged to 4.2 V with a constant current of 1.0 C in a thermostat set at 25 ° C., and further charged for 2 hours with a constant voltage of 4.2 V, and then xC (here And x is 1/3 and 5) at a constant current of 3.0 V, and the discharge capacity at xC was measured.
- the ratio of the discharge capacity of 5C to the discharge capacity of 1 / 3C was calculated as a 4.2V discharge capacity maintenance rate.
- the obtained sheet-like lithium ion secondary battery is housed in a thermostatic chamber (trade name “PLM-73S” manufactured by Futaba Kagaku Co., Ltd.) set at 25 ° C. It was connected to “ACD-01”) and allowed to stand for 20 hours. Next, the battery is charged with a constant current of 0.2 C, reaches 4.9 V, is charged for 8 hours with a constant voltage of 4.9 V, and is further discharged to 3.0 V with a constant current of 0.2 C. The charge / discharge cycle was repeated three times to perform initial charge / discharge of the battery.
- a thermostatic chamber trade name “PLM-73S” manufactured by Futaba Kagaku Co., Ltd.
- the battery was immersed in a water bath and the volume was measured. Then, the battery was charged at a constant current of 1 C until reaching a voltage of 4.9 V in a 50 ° C. environment, and then at a constant voltage of 4.9 V. The battery was continuously charged for 9 days and discharged to 3.0 V at a constant current of 1C. After the battery was cooled to room temperature, the volume was measured by immersing it in a water bath, and the gas generation amount (mL) after battery operation was determined from the volume change of the battery before and after continuous charging.
- mL gas generation amount
- Example 1 A mixture of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (4.0 g) and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane (16.8 g) was heated at 100 ° C. for 8 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. The resulting reaction mixture was distilled under reduced pressure (0.23 kPa) to obtain a colorless liquid (10.2 g).
- the obtained liquid is based on 100% by mass of tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate: Trimethylsilanol 300 mass ppm; 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisiloxane 400 mass ppm; and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane 29500 mass ppm; It was found to be a composition (P-1) containing The composition ratio of each component in the composition (P-1) was determined using a gas chromatograph.
- Example 2 A mixture of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (40 g) and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane (168 g) was heated at 100 ° C. for 8 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. The resulting reaction mixture was distilled under reduced pressure (0.12 kPa) to obtain a colorless liquid (91 g).
- the resulting liquid is based on 100% by weight of tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate: Trimethylsilanol 500 ppm by mass; and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisiloxane 400 ppm by mass; It was found to be a composition (P-2) containing The viscosity (23 ° C.) of the composition (P-2) was 3.3 mPa ⁇ s.
- the resulting liquid is based on 100% by weight of tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate: Trimethylsilanol 400 ppm by mass; 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisiloxane 600 mass ppm; and trimethylchlorosilane 5000 mass ppm; It was found to be a composition (P-3) containing The viscosity (23 ° C.) of the composition (P-3) was 3.1 mPa ⁇ s.
- Trimethylchlorosilane (0.06 g) was added to tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., 9.95 g) to obtain a composition (P-4).
- the content of trimethylchlorosilane in the composition (P-4) was 6000 mass ppm with respect to 100 mass% of tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate.
- the viscosity (23 ° C.) of the composition (P-4) was 3.1 mPa ⁇ s.
- Triethylchlorosilane (0.1 g) was added to tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate (9.9 g, manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) to obtain a composition (P-5).
- the content of triethylchlorosilane in the composition (P-5) was 10,000 ppm by mass with respect to 100% by mass of tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate.
- the viscosity (23 ° C.) of the composition (P-5) was 3.0 mPa ⁇ s.
- Trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (0.13 g) was added to tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., 9.87 g) to obtain a composition (P-6).
- the content of trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate in the composition (P-6) was 13000 mass ppm with respect to 100 mass% of tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate.
- the viscosity (23 ° C.) of the composition (P-6) was 2.9 mPa ⁇ s.
- Example 7 Dimethoxydimethylsilane (0.065 g) was added to tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., 9.935 g) to obtain a composition (P-7).
- the content of dimethoxydimethylsilane in the composition (P-7) was 6500 ppm by mass with respect to 100% by mass of tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate.
- the viscosity (23 ° C.) of the composition (P-7) was 3.1 mPa ⁇ s.
- N, O-bis (trimethylsilyl) acetamide (0.1 g) was added to tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate (9.9 g, manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) to obtain a composition (P-8).
- the content of N, O-bis (trimethylsilyl) acetamide in the composition (P-8) was 10,000 ppm by mass with respect to 100% by mass of tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate.
- the viscosity (23 ° C.) of the composition (P-8) was 3.0 mPa ⁇ s.
- N, O-bis (trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (0.13 g) was added to tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., 9.87 g) to obtain a composition (P-9). It was.
- the content of N, O-bis (trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide in the composition (P-9) was 13,000 ppm by mass with respect to 100% by mass of tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate.
- the viscosity (23 ° C.) of the composition (P-9) was 2.9 mPa ⁇ s.
- Example 10 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane (0.05 g) was added to tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., 9.95 g), and the composition (P -10) was obtained.
- the content of 1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane in the composition (P-10) was 5000 ppm by mass with respect to 100% by mass of tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate.
- the viscosity (23 ° C.) of the composition (P-10) was 3.1 mPa ⁇ s.
- Example 11 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisiloxane (0.1 g) was added to tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphite (Sigma Aldrich, 9.9 g), and the composition (P -11) was obtained.
- the content of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisiloxane in the composition (P-11) was 10,000 ppm by mass with respect to 100% by mass of tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphite.
- the viscosity (23 ° C.) of the composition (P-11) was 1.1 mPa ⁇ s.
- Example 12 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisiloxane (0.5 g) was added to trimethylsilyl polyphosphate (Sigma Aldrich, 9.5 g), and the composition (P-12) was added. Obtained. The content of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisiloxane in the composition (P-12) was 50000 ppm by mass with respect to 100% by mass of trimethylsilyl polyphosphate. The viscosity (23 ° C.) of the composition (P-12) was 550 mPa ⁇ s.
- Example 13 Example 1 with respect to 9.90 g of a solution (LBG00069, manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.) containing 1 mol / L of LiPF 6 as a lithium salt in a mixed solvent obtained by mixing ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate in a volume ratio of 1: 2. 0.10 g of the composition (P-1) was added to prepare an electrolytic solution (D-1). According to the method (1) and / or (2), a sheet-like lithium ion secondary battery was produced using the electrolytic solution (D-1), and the battery performance was evaluated.
- a solution LBG00069, manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Example 14 to 24 Except that the compositions (P-2) to (P-12) were used in place of the composition (P-1), the electrolytic solutions (D-2) to (D -12) was obtained. According to the above method (1) and / or (2), each of the sheet-like lithium ion secondary batteries was prepared using the electrolytes (D-2) to (D-12), and the battery performance was evaluated.
- Comparative Example 4 Comparative Example 1 with respect to 9.90 g of a solution obtained by mixing 1 mol / L of LiPF 6 as a lithium salt (LBG00069, manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.) in a mixed solvent obtained by mixing ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate in a volume ratio of 1: 2. 0.10 g of tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate described in 1) was added to obtain an electrolytic solution (C-1). According to the method (1) and / or (2), a sheet-like lithium ion secondary battery was produced using the electrolytic solution (C-1), and the battery performance was evaluated.
- Example 25 For 9.90 g of a solution obtained by adding 1 mol / L of lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) as a lithium salt to a mixed solvent obtained by mixing ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate in a volume ratio of 1: 2, compound (a) An electrolytic solution (D-13) was prepared by containing 0.10 g of tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate as 0.005 and 0.005 g of heptamethyldisilazane as the compound (b). The content of the compound (a) in the electrolytic solution (D-13) was 1% by mass, and the content of the compound (b) was 500 ppm by mass.
- LiPF 6 lithium hexafluorophosphate
- the above electrolyte (D-13) is sealed in a stainless steel (SUS) container, stored in a thermostatic bath at 25 ° C., stored for 2 weeks, and stored for 2 weeks (D 2W- 13) and 6 weeks.
- the later electrolyte solution (D 6W -13) was obtained.
- the compound (a) contained in the obtained electrolyte (D 2W -13) and electrolyte (D 6W -13) was subjected to 31 P-NMR measurement (internal standard: trimethyl phosphate) to obtain compound (a)
- 31 P-NMR measurement internal standard: trimethyl phosphate
- Example 26 An electrolytic solution (D-14) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 25 except that 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane was used instead of heptamethyldisilazane as the compound (b). Got. Next, the residual rate of the compound (a) after 2 weeks was 92% by the same operation as in Example 25 except that the electrolytic solution (D-14) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-13). And the residual rate of the compound (a) after 6 weeks was confirmed to be 91%.
- Example 27 The electrolytic solution (D-15) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 25 except that 1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethylcyclotrisilazane was used as the compound (b) instead of heptamethyldisilazane. Got. Next, the residual rate of the compound (a) after 2 weeks was 96% by the same operation as in Example 25 except that the electrolytic solution (D-15) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-13). And the remaining rate of the compound (a) after 6 weeks was confirmed to be 85%.
- Example 28 An electrolytic solution (D-16) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 25 except that N- (trimethylsilyl) dimethylamine was used as the compound (b) instead of heptamethyldisilazane. Next, the residual rate of the compound (a) after 2 weeks was 95% by the same operation as in Example 25 except that the electrolytic solution (D-16) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-13). And the remaining rate of the compound (a) after 6 weeks was confirmed to be 94%.
- Example 29 An electrolyte solution (D-17) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 25 except that triethylamine was used in place of heptamethyldisilazane as the compound (b). Next, the residual rate of the compound (a) after 2 weeks was 89% by the same operation as in Example 25 except that the electrolytic solution (D-17) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-13). And the residual rate of the compound (a) after 6 weeks was confirmed to be 89%.
- Example 30 An electrolyte solution (D-18) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 25 except that ethylenediamine was used in place of heptamethyldisilazane as the compound (b). Next, the residual rate of the compound (a) after 2 weeks was 87% by the same operation as in Example 25 except that the electrolytic solution (D-18) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-13). And the residual rate of the compound (a) after 6 weeks was confirmed to be 87%.
- Example 31 An electrolyte solution (D-19) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 25 except that N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylethylenediamine was used in place of heptamethyldisilazane as the compound (b). Next, the residual rate of the compound (a) after 2 weeks was 86% by the same operation as in Example 25 except that the electrolytic solution (D-19) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-13). And the remaining rate of the compound (a) after 6 weeks was confirmed to be 85%.
- Example 32 An electrolytic solution (D-20) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 25 except that octamethylcyclotetrasilazane was used in place of heptamethyldisilazane as the compound (b). Next, the residual rate of the compound (a) after 2 weeks was 84% by the same operation as in Example 25 except that the electrolytic solution (D-20) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-13). And the residual rate of the compound (a) after 6 weeks was confirmed to be 83%.
- Example 33 An electrolyte solution (D-21) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 25 except that methyltris (dimethylamino) silane was used as the compound (b) instead of heptamethyldisilazane. Next, the residual rate of the compound (a) after 2 weeks was 81% by the same operation as in Example 25 except that the electrolytic solution (D-21) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-13). And the residual rate of the compound (a) after 6 weeks was confirmed to be 75%.
- Example 34 An electrolytic solution (D-22) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 25 except that N, O-bis (trimethylsilyl) acetamide was used as the compound (b) instead of heptamethyldisilazane. Next, the residual rate of the compound (a) after 2 weeks was 76% by the same operation as in Example 25 except that the electrolytic solution (D-22) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-13). And the remaining rate of the compound (a) after 6 weeks was confirmed to be 57%.
- Table 3 shows that in the electrolyte solution containing the compound (a), when the compound (b) coexists, the residual ratio of the compound (a) in the electrolyte solution increases, and the storage stability is good.
- Example 35 The electrolyte solution (D-13) prepared in Example 25 was placed in a SUS container and sealed, and then stored in a thermostat at 45 ° C. for 1 week to obtain an electrolyte solution (D′-13). As a result of measuring the compound (a) contained in the electrolytic solution (D′-13) by 31 P-NMR (internal standard: trimethyl phosphate), the residual ratio of the compound (a) was 100%.
- a lithium ion secondary battery was produced by using the electrolytic solution (D′-13) by the method (1), and the battery performance was evaluated.
- the discharge capacity of the first cycle of the lithium ion secondary battery including the electrolytic solution (D′-13) is 121 mAh / g
- the discharge capacity of the 80th cycle is 92 mAh / g
- the capacity retention rate (80 cy) was 76%.
- Example 36 Immediately after the electrolytic solution (D-13) was prepared in Example 25, a lithium ion secondary battery was prepared by using the electrolytic solution (D-13) by the method (1), and the battery performance was evaluated. As a result, the discharge capacity at the first cycle was 121 mAh / g, the discharge capacity at the 80th cycle was 91 mAh / g, and the 4.9 V cycle capacity retention rate (80 cy) was 75%.
- Comparative Example 8 The electrolytic solution (C-4) prepared in Comparative Example 7 was placed in a SUS container and sealed, and then stored in a constant temperature bath at 45 ° C. for 1 week to obtain an electrolytic solution (C′-4). As a result of measuring the compound (a) contained in the electrolytic solution (C′-4) by 31 P-NMR (internal standard: trimethyl phosphate), the residual ratio of the compound (a) was 0%.
- a lithium ion secondary battery was produced by using the electrolytic solution (C′-4) by the method (1), and the battery performance was evaluated.
- the discharge capacity at the first cycle of the lithium ion secondary battery including the electrolytic solution (C′-4) is 114 mAh / g
- the discharge capacity at the 80th cycle is 73 mAh / g
- the capacity retention rate (80 cy) was 64%.
- Examples 35 to 36 and Comparative Examples 8 to 9 are shown in Table 4. From Table 4, it was found that the electrolytic solution containing the compound (b) in the compound (a) has good storage stability of the compound (a) in the electrolytic solution and also maintains the battery performance.
- Example 37 To a mixture of ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 2 and containing 1 mol / L of LiPF 6 salt as a lithium salt, tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate 0 as a compound (a) was added.
- An electrolytic solution (D-23) was prepared by containing 0.05 g and 0.003 g of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane as the compound (b).
- the content of tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate in the electrolytic solution (D-23) is 0.5% by mass, and the content of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane is 300 ppm by mass.
- the content of LiPF 6 was 13% by mass.
- a lithium ion secondary battery was prepared using the electrolytic solution (D-23), and the battery performance was evaluated.
- the lithium ion secondary battery including the electrolytic solution (D-23) The discharge capacity at the first cycle was 118 mAh / g, the discharge capacity at the 80th cycle was 86 mAh / g, and the 4.9 V cycle capacity retention rate (80 cy) was 73%.
- it disassembled in Ar glove box took out the positive electrode, assembled the battery again using metallic lithium for the counter electrode, and measured the electric potential of the positive electrode. However, it was 4.95 V (vsLi / Li + ).
- a sheet-like lithium ion secondary battery was prepared using the electrolytic solution (D-23) and evaluated for gas generation.
- the amount of gas generated after battery operation was 2.04 mL. there were.
- Electrolyte solution (D-24) was prepared by containing .10 g and 0.005 g of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane as compound (b). The battery was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the electrolytic solution (D-24) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-23).
- Example 39 To 9.80 g of a solution obtained by adding 1 mol / L of a LiPF 6 salt as a lithium salt to a mixed solvent obtained by mixing ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate in a volume ratio of 1: 2, tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate 0 as a compound (a) was added. .20 g and 0.005 g of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane as the compound (b) were contained to prepare an electrolytic solution (D-25). The battery was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the electrolytic solution (D-25) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-23).
- Example 40 9.90 g of a solution in which 1 mol / L of LiPF 6 salt as a lithium salt was added to a mixed solvent in which ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate were mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 2 was added to tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate as a compound (a).
- 0.05 g and 0.05 g of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane as the compound (b) were contained to prepare an electrolytic solution (D-26).
- the battery was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the electrolytic solution (D-26) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-23).
- Example 41 To a mixture of ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 2 and containing 1 mol / L of LiPF 6 salt as a lithium salt, tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate 0 as a compound (a) was added.
- An electrolytic solution (D-27) was prepared by containing 0.005 g and 0.001 g of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane as the compound (b). The battery was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the electrolytic solution (D-27) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-23).
- Example 42 To a mixture of ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 2 and containing 1 mol / L of LiPF 6 salt as a lithium salt, tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate 0 as a compound (a) was added.
- An electrolyte solution (D-28) was prepared by containing 0.05 g and 0.003 g of triethylamine as the compound (b).
- the battery was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the electrolytic solution (D-28) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-23).
- Example 43 To a mixture of ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 2 and containing 1 mol / L of LiPF 6 salt as a lithium salt, tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate 0 as a compound (a) was added.
- An electrolytic solution (D-29) was prepared by containing 0.05 g and 0.003 g of tris (dimethylamino) silane as the compound (b). The battery was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the electrolytic solution (D-29) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-23).
- Example 44 To a mixture of ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 2 and containing 1 mol / L of LiPF 6 salt as a lithium salt, tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate 0 as a compound (a) was added.
- An electrolyte solution (D-30) was prepared by containing 0.05 g and 0.003 g of heptamethyldisilazane as the compound (b). The battery was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the electrolytic solution (D-30) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-23).
- Example 45 To a mixture of ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 2 and containing 1 mol / L of LiPF 6 salt as a lithium salt, tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate 0 as a compound (a) was added.
- An electrolytic solution (D-31) was prepared by containing 0.05 g and 0.003 g of 1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethylcyclotrisilazane as the compound (b). The battery was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the electrolytic solution (D-31) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-23).
- Example 46 Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 10.9 g of chlorotrimethylsilane was gradually added to 3.3 g of potassium pyrophosphate, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 8 hours. After removing the solid components by filtration under a nitrogen atmosphere, the volatile components were removed under reduced pressure. By 31 P-NMR and 1 H-NMR, tetrakis (trimethylsilyl) pyrophosphate (P 2 O 7 (Si (CH 3 )) 3 ) It was identified that 2.3 g of 4 ) was obtained. Tetrakis pyrophosphate (trimethylsilyl): 31 P-NMR -30 ppm (s) 1 H-NMR 1.54 ppm (s)
- Example 47 9.90 g of a solution containing 1 mol / L of LiPF 6 salt as a lithium salt in a mixed solvent obtained by mixing ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate at a volume ratio of 1: 2, trimethylsilyl polyphosphate (manufactured by Aldrich) as a compound (a)
- the electrolyte solution (D-33) was prepared by containing 0.10 g) and 0.003 g of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane as the compound (b).
- the battery was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the electrolytic solution (D-33) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-23).
- Example 48 9.90 g of a solution containing 1 mol / L of LiPF 6 salt as a lithium salt in a mixed solvent obtained by mixing ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate in a volume ratio of 1: 2 and tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphite as a compound (a) (P (OSi (CH 3 ) 3 ) 3 , manufactured by Aldrich) 0.10 g, and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane 0.003 g as compound (b), An electrolytic solution (D-34) was prepared. The battery was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the electrolytic solution (D-34) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-23).
- Example 49 To 9.90 g of a solution obtained by adding 1 mol / L of LiPF 6 salt as a lithium salt to a mixed solvent obtained by mixing ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate in a volume ratio of 1: 2, bis (trimethylsilyl) adipate ( (CH 3 ) 3 SiO 2 C (CH 2 ) 4 CO 2 Si (CH 3 ) 3 (manufactured by Gelest), 0.10 g, and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyl as compound (b) An electrolyte solution (D-35) was prepared containing 0.003 g of disilazane. The battery was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the electrolytic solution (D-35) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-23).
- Example 50 To 9.90 g of a solution obtained by adding 1 mol / L of LiPF 6 salt as a lithium salt to a mixed solvent obtained by mixing ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate at a volume ratio of 1: 2, tris (trimethylsilyl) borate as a compound (a) ( B (OSi (CH 3 ) 3 ) 3 (Aldrich) 0.10 g and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane 0.003 g as compound (b) A liquid (D-36) was prepared. The battery was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the electrolytic solution (D-36) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-23).
- Example 51 To 9.94 g of a solution containing 1 mol / L of LiPF 6 salt as a lithium salt in a mixed solvent obtained by mixing ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate in a volume ratio of 1: 2, tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate 0 as a compound (a) was added. 0.05 g, 0.001 g of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane as the compound (b), and 0.01 g of lithium difluorophosphate as the other additive, D-37) was prepared. The battery was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the electrolytic solution (D-37) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-23).
- Example 52 To a mixture of ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 2 and containing 1 mol / L of LiPF 6 salt as a lithium salt, tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate 0 as a compound (a) was added. Electrolyte solution (D-38) was prepared by adding .05 g and 0.003 g of octamethylcyclotetrasilazane as the compound (b). The battery was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the electrolytic solution (D-38) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-23).
- Example 53 To a mixture of ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 2 and containing 1 mol / L of LiPF 6 salt as a lithium salt, tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate 0 as a compound (a) was added.
- An electrolyte solution (D-39) was prepared by containing 0.005 g and 0.003 g of N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylethylenediamine as the compound (b). The battery was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the electrolytic solution (D-39) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-23).
- Example 54 To a mixture of ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 2 and containing 1 mol / L of LiPF 6 salt as a lithium salt, tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate 0 as a compound (a) was added.
- An electrolyte solution (D-40) was prepared by containing 0.05 g and 0.003 g of N, N-dimethylacetamide as the compound (b). The battery was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the electrolytic solution (D-40) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-23).
- Example 55 To a mixture of ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 2 and containing 1 mol / L of LiPF 6 salt as a lithium salt, tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate 0 as a compound (a) was added.
- An electrolyte solution (D-41) was prepared by containing 0.05 g and 0.003 g of potassium tert-butoxide as the compound (b). The battery was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 37 except that the electrolytic solution (D-41) was used instead of the electrolytic solution (D-23).
- Example 37 the battery performance of the lithium ion secondary battery comprising the electrolytic solution (C-5) was evaluated according to the method of (1) above.
- the discharge capacity at the first cycle was 106 mAh / g
- the discharge capacity at the 80th cycle was 61 mAh / g
- the capacity retention rate at 4.9 V cycle (80 cycles) was 58%.
- production evaluation was performed according to the method of said (2), the gas generation amount after battery operation was 4.73 mL.
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Abstract
Description
[1]
(a)リン原子及び/又はホウ素原子を有するプロトン酸、スルホン酸、及びカルボン酸から成る群より選ばれる酸の水素原子の少なくとも1つが下記一般式(A1):
で表されるシリル基で置換されたシリル基含有化合物(A)と;
(b)ルイス塩基及び一般式Q+Y-{式中、Q+は、4級アンモニウム基、4級ホスホニウム基、アルカリ金属、又はアルカリ土類金属を表し、かつY-は、アルコキシ基、又はアリールオキシ基を表す。}で表わされる化合物から成る群より選ばれる1種以上の塩基性化合物(B)、及び/又は下記一般式(C):
で表される1種以上のケイ素化合物(C)と;
を含む電解液添加用組成物であって、前記シリル基含有化合物(A)100質量%に対して、前記塩基性化合物(B)及び/又は前記ケイ素化合物(C)を1質量ppm以上100質量%以下含む電解液添加用組成物。
[2]
前記シリル基含有化合物(A)100質量%に対して、前記塩基性化合物(B)及び/又は前記ケイ素化合物(C)を10質量ppm以上50質量%以下含む、[1]に記載の電解液添加用組成物。
[3]
前記シリル基含有化合物(A)は、下記一般式(A2)~(A4):
で表される化合物から成る群より選ばれる1種以上を含む[1]又は[2]に記載の電解液添加用組成物。
[4]
前記ルイス塩基が、含窒素有機ルイス塩基である、[1]~[3]のいずれか1項に記載の電解液添加用組成物。
[5]
非水溶媒と、
リチウム塩と、
[1]~[4]のいずれか1項に記載の電解液添加用組成物と、
を含む非水蓄電デバイス用電解液。
[6]
前記非水蓄電デバイス用電解液100質量%に対して、0.01質量%以上10質量%以下の前記シリル基含有化合物(A)を含む、[5]に記載の非水蓄電デバイス用電解液。
[7]
前記リチウム塩は、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiClO4、LiAsF6、Li2SiF6、LiOSO2CkF2k+1{式中、kは0~8の整数である}、LiN(SO2CkF2k+1)2{式中、kは0~8の整数である〕、及びLiPFn(CkF2k+1)6-n{式中、nは1~5の整数であり、かつkは1~8の整数である}から成る群より選ばれる1種以上である、[5]又は[6]に記載の非水蓄電デバイス用電解液。
[8]
ジフルオロリン酸リチウム及びモノフルオロリン酸リチウムから成る群より選ばれる1種以上をさらに含む、[5]~[7]のいずれか1項に記載の非水蓄電デバイス用電解液。
[9]
前記非水溶媒は、環状カーボネート及び/又は鎖状カーボネートを含む、[5]~[8]のいずれか1項に記載の非水蓄電デバイス用電解液。
[10]
正極活物質を含有する正極と、
負極活物質を含有する負極と、
[5]~[9]のいずれか1項に記載の非水蓄電デバイス用電解液と、
を備えるリチウムイオン二次電池。
[11]
前記正極活物質は、4.1V(vsLi/Li+)以上の電位において10mAh/g以上の放電容量を有する、[10]に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
[12]
前記正極活物質は、
下記式(E1):
LiMn2-xMaxO4 (E1)
{式中、Maは、遷移金属から成る群より選ばれる1種以上を示し、かつxは、0.2≦x≦0.7の範囲内にある数である。}
で表される酸化物;
下記式(E2):
LiMn1-uMeuO2 (E2)
{式中、Meは、Mnを除く遷移金属から成る群より選ばれる1種以上を示し、かつuは、0.1≦u≦0.9の範囲内にある数である。}
で表される酸化物;
下記式(E3):
zLi2McO3-(1-z)LiMdO2 (E3)
{式中、Mc及びMdは、各々独立に、遷移金属から成る群より選ばれる1種以上を示し、かつzは、0.1≦z≦0.9の範囲内にある数である。}
で表される複合酸化物;
下記式(E4):
LiMb1-yFeyPO4 (E4)
{式中、Mbは、Mn及びCoから成る群より選ばれる1種以上を示し、かつyは、0≦y≦0.9の範囲内にある数である。}
で表される化合物;及び
下記式(E5):
Li2MfPO4F (E5)
{式中、Mfは、遷移金属から成る群より選ばれる1種以上を示す。}
で表される化合物;
から成る群より選ばれる1種以上である、[11]に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
[13]
満充電時におけるリチウム基準の正極電位が、4.1V(vsLi/Li+)以上である、[10]~[12]のいずれか1項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
[14]
(a)リン原子及び/又はホウ素原子を有するプロトン酸、スルホン酸、及びカルボン酸から成る群より選ばれる酸の水素原子の少なくとも1つが下記一般式(A1):
で表されるシリル基で置換されたシリル基含有化合物(A)と;
(b)ルイス塩基及び一般式Q+Y-{式中、Q+は、4級アンモニウム基、4級ホスホニウム基、アルカリ金属、又はアルカリ土類金属を表し、かつY-は、アルコキシ基、又はアリールオキシ基を表す。}で表わされる化合物から成る群より選ばれる1種以上の塩基性化合物(B)、及び/又は下記一般式(C):
で表される1種以上のケイ素化合物(C)と;
を含む組成物であって、前記シリル基含有化合物(A)100質量%に対して、前記塩基性化合物(B)及び/又は前記ケイ素化合物(C)を1質量ppm以上100質量%以下含む組成物の電解液添加剤としての使用。
[15]
前記組成物は、前記シリル基含有化合物(A)100質量%に対して、前記塩基性化合物(B)及び/又は前記ケイ素化合物(C)を10質量ppm以上50質量%以下含む、[14]に記載の使用。
[16]
前記組成物は、前記シリル基含有化合物(A)100質量%に対して、前記塩基性化合物(B)及び/又は前記ケイ素化合物(C)を0.1質量%以上10質量%以下含む、[15]に記載の使用。
[17]
前記塩基性化合物(B)は、Si-N結合を有する化合物である、[14]~[16]のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
本発明の別の態様としては、前記シリル基含有化合物(A)と、前記シリル基含有化合物(A)100質量%に対して1質量ppm以上100質量%以下の前記塩基性化合物(B)及び/又は前記ケイ素化合物(C)とを含む電解液製造用添加剤だけでなく、電解液中の前記塩基性化合物(B)及び/又は前記ケイ素化合物(C)の含有量が前記シリル基含有化合物(A)100質量%に対して1質量ppm以上100質量%以下になるように、前記シリル基含有化合物(A)と前記塩基性化合物(B)及び/又は前記ケイ素化合物(C)とを電解液に添加する工程を含む電解液又は非水蓄電デバイスの製造方法も例示される。
本発明の一実施形態では、組成物は、
化合物(a):シリル基含有化合物(A)と、
化合物(b):塩基性化合物(B)及び/又はケイ素化合物(C)と
を各々1種以上含み、かつ電解液に添加されるために使用されるか、電解液に対する添加剤として使用されるか、又は電解液若しくは非水蓄電デバイスの製造のために使用されることができる。組成物に含まれる化合物(a)及び(b)について以下に説明する。
シリル基含有化合物(A)は、リン原子及び/又はホウ素原子を有するプロトン酸、スルホン酸、及びカルボン酸から成る群より選ばれる酸の水素原子の少なくとも1つが下記一般式(A1):
で表されるシリル基で置換された化合物である。
-Si(CH3)3、-Si(CH3)2(C2H5)、-Si(CH3)2(CH=CH2)、-Si(CH3)2(CH2CH2CH3)、-Si(CH3)2(CH2CH=CH2)、-Si(CH3)2(C(CH3)=CH2)、-Si(CH3)2[CH(CH3)2]、-Si(CH3)2[(CH2)3CH3)、-Si(CH3)2[CH2CH(CH3)2]、-Si(CH3)2[C(CH3)3]、-Si(CH3)2(C6H5)、-Si(CH3)(C6H5)2、-Si(C6H5)3、-Si(C2H5)3、-Si(CH=CH2)3、-Si(CH2CH2CH3)3、-Si[CH(CH3)2]3、-Si(CH2CH=CH2)3、又は-Si(CF3)3が好ましく、-Si(CH3)3、-Si(CH3)2(C2H5)、-Si(CH3)2(CH=CH2)、-Si(CH3)2(CH2CH2CH3)、-Si(CH3)2(CH2CH=CH2)、-Si(CH3)2[CH(CH3)2]、-Si(CH3)2[C(CH3)3]、-Si(CH3)2(C6H5)、-Si(C2H5)3、-Si(CH2CH2CH3)3、又は-Si[CH(CH3)2]3がより好ましく、-Si(CH3)3、-Si(CH3)2(CH=CH2)、-Si(CH3)2[C(CH3)3]、又は-Si(C2H5)3が特に好ましい。上記一般式(A1)で表されるシリル基が、このような構造を有することにより、リチウムイオン二次電池中での化学的耐久性がより向上する傾向にある。
で表される化合物から成る群より選ばれる1種以上が好ましい。
上記一般式(A2)において、M1はリン原子又はホウ素原子であり、mは1~20の整数であり、かつnは0又は1を示す。M1がリン原子のとき、nは0又は1である。M1がホウ素原子のとき、nは0である。Ra1、Ra2及びRa3は、上記一般式(A1)と同じである。Ra4及びRa5は、各々独立に、OH基、OLi基、置換されていてもよい炭素数1~20の炭化水素基、置換されていてもよい炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基、炭素数1~20のシロキシ基から成る群より選ばれる基を示す。
で表される化合物である。一般式(A5)において、nが0であるとき、一般式(A5)で表されるシリル基含有化合物(A)は亜リン酸構造となり、nが1であるとき、一般式(A5)で表されるシリル基含有化合物(A)はリン酸構造となる。
-OSi(CH3)3、-OSi(CH3)2(C2H5)、-OSi(CH3)2(CH=CH2)、-OSi(CH3)2(CH2CH2CH3)、-OSi(CH3)2(CH2CH=CH2)、-OSi(CH3)2(C(CH3)=CH2)、-OSi(CH3)2[CH(CH3)2]、-OSi(CH3)2[(CH2)3CH3)、-OSi(CH3)2[CH2CH(CH3)2]、-OSi(CH3)2[C(CH3)3]、-OSi(CH3)2(C6H5)、-OSi(CH3)(C6H5)2、-OSi(C6H5)3、-OSi(C2H5)3、-OSi(CH=CH2)3、-OSi(CH2CH2CH3)3、-OSi[CH(CH3)2]3、-OSi(CH2CH=CH2)3、又は-OSi(CF3)3が好ましく、
-OSi(CH3)3、-OSi(CH3)2(C2H5)、-OSi(CH3)2(CH=CH2)、-OSi(CH3)2(CH2CH2CH3)、-OSi(CH3)2(CH2CH=CH2)、-OSi(CH3)2[CH(CH3)2]、-OSi(CH3)2[C(CH3)3]、-OSi(CH3)2(C6H5)、-OSi(C2H5)3、-OSi(CH2CH2CH3)3、又は-OSi[CH(CH3)2]3がより好ましく、
-OSi(CH3)3、-OSi(CH3)2(CH=CH2)、-OSi(CH3)2[C(CH3)3]、又は-OSi(C2H5)3が特に好ましい。
上記一般式(A3)において、M2はリン原子又はホウ素原子であり、jは2~20の整数であり、kは0又は1である。M2がリン原子である場合、kは0又は1である。M2がホウ素原子である場合、kは0である。Ra6は、OH基、OLi基、置換されていてもよい炭素数1~20の炭化水素基、置換されていてもよい炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基、及び炭素数1~20のシロキシ基、及び一般式OP(O)l(Ra7Ra8)(式中、lは0又は1であり、Ra7及びRa8は、各々独立に、OH基、OLi基、置換されていてもよい炭素数1~20の炭化水素基、置換されていてもよい炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基、及び炭素数1~20のシロキシ基から成る群より選ばれる基を示す。)から成る群より選ばれる基を示す。
-OSi(CH3)3、-OSi(CH3)2(C2H5)、-OSi(CH3)2(CH=CH2)、-OSi(CH3)2(CH2CH2CH3)、-OSi(CH3)2(CH2CH=CH2)、-OSi(CH3)2(C(CH3)=CH2)、-OSi(CH3)2[CH(CH3)2]、-OSi(CH3)2[(CH2)3CH3)、-OSi(CH3)2[CH2CH(CH3)2]、-OSi(CH3)2[C(CH3)3]、-OSi(CH3)2(C6H5)、-OSi(CH3)(C6H5)2、-OSi(C6H5)3、-OSi(C2H5)3、-OSi(CH=CH2)3、-OSi(CH2CH2CH3)3、-OSi[CH(CH3)2]3、-OSi(CH2CH=CH2)3、又は-OSi(CF3)3が好ましく、
-OSi(CH3)3、-OSi(CH3)2(C2H5)、-OSi(CH3)2(CH=CH2)、-OSi(CH3)2(CH2CH2CH3)、-OSi(CH3)2(CH2CH=CH2)、-OSi(CH3)2[CH(CH3)2]、-OSi(CH3)2[C(CH3)3]、-OSi(CH3)2(C6H5)、-OSi(C2H5)3、-OSi(CH2CH2CH3)3、又は-OSi[CH(CH3)2]3がより好ましく、
-OSi(CH3)3、-OSi(CH3)2(CH=CH2)、-OSi(CH3)2[C(CH3)3]、又は-OSi(C2H5)3が特に好ましい。
-OSi(CH3)3、-OSi(CH3)2(C2H5)、-OSi(CH3)2(CH=CH2)、-OSi(CH3)2(CH2CH2CH3)、-OSi(CH3)2(CH2CH=CH2)、-OSi(CH3)2(C(CH3)=CH2)、-OSi(CH3)2[CH(CH3)2]、-OSi(CH3)2[(CH2)3CH3)、-OSi(CH3)2[CH2CH(CH3)2]、-OSi(CH3)2[C(CH3)3]、-OSi(CH3)2(C6H5)、-OSi(CH3)(C6H5)2、-OSi(C6H5)3、-OSi(C2H5)3、-OSi(CH=CH2)3、-OSi(CH2CH2CH3)3、-OSi[CH(CH3)2]3、-OSi(CH2CH=CH2)3、又は-OSi(CF3)3が好ましく、
-OSi(CH3)3、-OSi(CH3)2(C2H5)、-OSi(CH3)2(CH=CH2)、-OSi(CH3)2(CH2CH2CH3)、-OSi(CH3)2(CH2CH=CH2)、-OSi(CH3)2[CH(CH3)2]、-OSi(CH3)2[C(CH3)3]、-OSi(CH3)2(C6H5)、-OSi(C2H5)3、-OSi(CH2CH2CH3)3、又は-OSi[CH(CH3)2]3がより好ましく、
-OSi(CH3)3、-OSi(CH3)2(CH=CH2)、-OSi(CH3)2[C(CH3)3]、又は-OSi(C2H5)3が特に好ましい。
上記一般式(A4)において、Ra1、Ra2及びRa3は上記一般式(A1)で定義された通りであり、かつRa9は、置換されていてもよい炭素数1~20の炭化水素基を示す。
で表される基が好ましい。この場合、上記一般式(A4)で表されるシリル基含有化合物(A)の基本骨格は、ジカルボン酸誘導体構造となる。
シリル基含有化合物(A)の好ましい具体例としては、特に限定されないが、
リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)、リン酸トリス(ジメチルエチルシリル)、リン酸トリス(ジメチルビニルシリル)、リン酸トリス(ジメチル(n-プロピル)シリル)、リン酸トリス(アリルジメチルシリル)、リン酸トリス(ジメチル(1-メチルビニル)シリル)、リン酸トリス(ジメチルイソプロピルシリル)、リン酸トリス(n-ブチルジメチルシリル)、リン酸トリス(sec-ブチルジメチルシリル)、リン酸トリス(tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)、リン酸トリス(ジメチルフェニルシリル)、リン酸トリス(ジフェニルメチルシリル)、リン酸トリス(トリフェニルシリル)、リン酸トリス(トリエチルシリル)、リン酸トリス(トリビニルシリル)、リン酸トリス(トリ(n-プロピル)シリル)、リン酸トリス(トリイソプロピルシリル)、リン酸トリス(トリアリルシリル)、リン酸トリス[トリス(トリフルオロメチル)シリル]、リン酸モノメチルビス(トリメチルシリル)、リン酸モノエチルビス(トリメチルシリル)、リン酸モノ(トリフルオロエチル)ビス(トリメチルシリル)、リン酸モノ(ヘキサフルオロイソプロピル)ビス(トリメチルシリル)等のリン酸シリルエステル;
亜リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)、亜リン酸トリス(ジメチルエチルシリル)、亜リン酸トリス(ジメチルビニルシリル)、亜リン酸トリス(ジメチル(n-プロピル)シリル)、亜リン酸トリス(アリルジメチルシリル)、亜リン酸トリス(ジメチル(1-メチルビニル)シリル)、亜リン酸トリス(ジメチルイソプロピルシリル)、亜リン酸トリス(n-ブチルジメチルシリル)、亜リン酸トリス(sec-ブチルジメチルシリル)、亜リン酸トリス(tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)、亜リン酸トリス(ジメチルフェニルシリル)、亜リン酸トリス(ジフェニルメチルシリル)、亜リン酸トリス(トリフェニルシリル)、亜リン酸トリス(トリエチルシリル)、亜リン酸トリス(トリビニルシリル)、亜リン酸トリス(トリ(n-プロピル)シリル)、亜リン酸トリス(トリイソプロピルシリル)、亜リン酸トリス(トリアリルシリル)、亜リン酸トリス[トリス(トリフルオロメチル)シリル]等の亜リン酸シリルエステル;
ピロリン酸テトラキス(トリメチルシリル)、ピロリン酸テトラキス(ジメチルエチルシリル)、ピロリン酸テトラキス(ジメチルビニルシリル)、ピロリン酸テトラキス(ジメチル(n-プロピル)シリル)、ピロリン酸テトラキス(アリルジメチルシリル)、ピロリン酸テトラキス(ジメチル(1-メチルビニル)シリル)、ピロリン酸テトラキス(ジメチルイソプロピルシリル)、ピロリン酸テトラキス(n-ブチルジメチルシリル)、ピロリン酸テトラキス(sec-ブチルジメチルシリル)、ピロリン酸テトラキス(tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)、ピロリン酸テトラキス(ジメチルフェニルシリル)、ピロリン酸テトラキス(ジフェニルメチルシリル)、ピロリン酸テトラキス(トリフェニルシリル)、ピロリン酸テトラキス(トリエチルシリル)、ピロリン酸テトラキス(トリビニルシリル)、ピロリン酸テトラキス(トリ(n-プロピル)シリル)、ピロリン酸テトラキス(トリイソプロピルシリル)、ピロリン酸テトラキス(トリアリルシリル)、ピロリン酸テトラキス[トリス(トリフルオロメチル)シリル]、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス(トリメチルシリル)、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス(ジメチルエチルシリル)、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス(ジメチルビニルシリル)、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス(ジメチル(n-プロピル)シリル)、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス(アリルジメチルシリル)、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス(ジメチル(1-メチルビニル)シリル)、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス(ジメチルイソプロピルシリル)、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス(n-ブチルジメチルシリル)、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス(sec-ブチルジメチルシリル)、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス(tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス(ジメチルフェニルシリル)、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス(ジフェニルメチルシリル)、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス(トリフェニルシリル)、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス(トリエチルシリル)、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス(トリビニルシリル)、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス(トリ(n-プロピル)シリル)、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス(トリイソプロピルシリル)、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス(トリアリルシリル)、トリポリリン酸ペンタキス[トリス(トリフルオロメチル)シリル]、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス(トリメチルシリル)、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス(ジメチルエチルシリル)、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス(ジメチルビニルシリル)、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス(ジメチル(n-プロピル)シリル)、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス(アリルジメチルシリル)、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス(ジメチル(1-メチルビニル)シリル)、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス(ジメチルイソプロピルシリル)、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス(n-ブチルジメチルシリル)、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス(sec-ブチルジメチルシリル)、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス(tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス(ジメチルフェニルシリル)、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス(ジフェニルメチルシリル)、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス(トリフェニルシリル)、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス(トリエチルシリル)、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス(トリビニルシリル)、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス(トリ(n-プロピル)シリル)、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス(トリイソプロピルシリル)、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス(トリアリルシリル)、テトラポリリン酸ヘキサキス[トリス(トリフルオロメチル)シリル]等の鎖状リン酸シリルエステル、
トリメタリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)、トリメタリン酸トリス(ジメチルエチルシリル)、トリメタリン酸トリス(ジメチルビニルシリル)、トリメタリン酸トリス(ジメチル(n-プロピル)シリル)、トリメタリン酸トリス(アリルジメチルシリル)、トリメタリン酸トリス(ジメチル(1-メチルビニル)シリル)、トリメタリン酸トリス(ジメチルイソプロピルシリル)、トリメタリン酸トリス(n-ブチルジメチルシリル)、トリメタリン酸トリス(sec-ブチルジメチルシリル)、トリメタリン酸トリス(tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)、トリメタリン酸トリス(ジメチルフェニルシリル)、トリメタリン酸トリス(ジフェニルメチルシリル)、トリメタリン酸トリス(トリフェニルシリル)、トリメタリン酸トリス(トリエチルシリル)、トリメタリン酸トリス(トリビニルシリル)、トリメタリン酸トリス(トリ(n-プロピル)シリル)、トリメタリン酸トリス(トリイソプロピルシリル)、トリメタリン酸トリス(トリアリルシリル)、トリメタリン酸トリス[トリス(トリフルオロメチル)シリル]、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス(トリメチルシリル)、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス(ジメチルエチルシリル)、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス(ジメチルビニルシリル)、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス(ジメチル(n-プロピル)シリル)、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス(アリルジメチルシリル)、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス(ジメチル(1-メチルビニル)シリル)、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス(ジメチルイソプロピルシリル)、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス(n-ブチルジメチルシリル)、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス(sec-ブチルジメチルシリル)、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス(tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス(ジメチルフェニルシリル)、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス(ジフェニルメチルシリル)、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス(トリフェニルシリル)、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス(トリエチルシリル)、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス(トリビニルシリル)、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス(トリ(n-プロピル)シリル)、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス(トリイソプロピルシリル)、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス(トリアリルシリル)、テトラメタリン酸テトラキス[トリス(トリフルオロメチル)シリル]等の環状リン酸シリルエステル;
ポリリン酸トリメチルシリル、ポリリン酸ジメチルエチルシリル、ポリリン酸ジメチルビニルシリル、ポリリン酸ジメチル(n-プロピル)シリル、ポリリン酸アリルジメチルシリル、ポリリン酸ジメチル(1-メチルビニル)シリル、ポリリン酸ジメチルイソプロピルシリル、ポリリン酸(n-ブチル)ジメチルシリル、ポリリン酸(sec-ブチル)ジメチルシリル、ポリリン酸(tert-ブチル)ジメチルシリル、ポリリン酸ジメチルフェニルシリル、ポリリン酸ジフェニルメチルシリル、ポリリン酸トリフェニルシリル、ポリリン酸トリエチルシリル、ポリリン酸トリビニルシリル、ポリリン酸トリ(n-プロピル)シリル、ポリリン酸トリイソプロピルシリル、ポリリン酸トリアリルシリル、ポリリン酸トリス(トリフルオロメチル)シリル等の鎖状構造及び/又は環状構造を有するポリリン酸シリルエステル;
ブチルホスホン酸ビス(トリメチルシリル)、プロピルホスホン酸ビス(トリメチルシリル)、エチルホスホン酸ビス(トリメチルシリル)、メチルホスホン酸ビス(トリメチルシリル)等のホスホン酸シリルエステル;
ホウ酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)、ホウ酸トリス(トリエチルシリル)等のホウ酸シリルエステル:
硫酸ビス(トリメチルシリル)、硫酸ビス(トリエチルシリル)等の硫酸シリルエステル;
酢酸トリメチルシリル、シュウ酸ビス(トリメチルシリル)、マロン酸ビス(トリメチルシリル)、コハク酸ビス(トリメチルシリル)、イタコン酸ビス(トリメチルシリル)、アジピン酸ビス(トリメチルシリル)、フタル酸ビス(トリメチルシリル)、イソフタル酸ビス(トリメチルシリル)、及びテレフタル酸ビス(トリメチルシリル)等のカルボン酸シリルエステル;
が挙げられる。
本発明の実施形態では、組成物は、化合物(b)として、1種以上の塩基性化合物(B)及び/又は1種以上のケイ素化合物(C)を含む。塩基性化合物(B)及びケイ素化合物(C)について以下に説明する。
塩基性化合物(B)は、ルイス塩基、又は一般式Q+Y-{式中、Q+は、4級アンモニウム基、4級ホスホニウム基、アルカリ金属、又はアルカリ土類金属を表し、かつY-は、アルコキシ基、又はアリールオキシ基(aryloxy)基を表す。)で表わされる化合物から成る群より選ばれる少なくとも1種である。
本発明の実施形態では、ルイス塩基とは、「化学結合のための1対の電子を有する原子を含む物質」として定義される。従って、ルイス塩基としては、酸素原子、窒素原子等のように化学結合のための孤立電子対を有する原子を含む物質であれば特に限定されないが、入手性及びハンドリングの観点から、アミン化合物、アミド化合物、イミド化合物、Si-N結合を有する化合物、及びP-N結合を有する化合物から成る群より選ばれる1種以上の含窒素有機ルイス塩基が好ましい。
エチルアミン、n-プロピルアミン、iso-プロピルアミン、n-ブチルアミン、iso-ブチルアミン、sec-ブチルアミン、tert-ブチルアミン、ヘキシルアミン、ヘプチルアミン、オクチルアミン、ノニルアミン、デシルアミン等の側鎖が置換されていてもよいモノアルキルアミン;
ジメチルアミン、エチルメチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、ジプロピルアミン、ジイソプロピルアミン、ブチルエチルアミン、ジブチルアミン、ジペンチルアミン、ジヘキシルアミン、ジヘプチルアミン、ジオクチルアミン、ジシクロヘキシルアミン等の側鎖が置換されていてもよいジアルキルアミン;及び
トリメチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、トリプロピルアミン、トリブチルアミン、トリペンチルアミン、トリヘキシルアミン、トリヘプチルアミン、トリオクチルアミン、トリノニルアミン、トリデカニルアミン、トリドデシルアミン、ジメチルエチルアミン、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン等の側鎖が置換されていてもよいトリアルキルアミン;
が挙げられる。後述する電池のサイクル寿命の観点からトリアルキルアミンが好ましい。
RB1-CO-NRB2RB3 (B1)
で表される化合物が挙げられる。式(B1)中、RB1~RB3は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、置換されていてもよい炭素数1~20の炭化水素基、又は置換されていてもよい環状骨格を有する基である。RB1~RB3は、同じでも異なっていてもよく、それぞれが結合して環を形成していてもよい。
RB1’-O- (B1’)
{式中、RB1’は、置換されていてもよい炭素数1~20の炭化水素基、又は置換されていてもよい環状骨格を有する基である。}
で表される基である場合、上記式(B1)で表されるアミド化合物は、一般にカルバミン酸エステルと呼ばれるが、本明細書においてはアミド化合物に含まれる。
RB4-CO-NRB5-CO-RB6 (B2)
で表される化合物が挙げられる。式(B2)中、RB4~RB6は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、置換されていてもよい炭素数1~20の炭化水素基、又は置換されていてもよい環状骨格を有する基である。RB4~RB6は、同じであっても異なっていてもよく、それぞれが結合して環を形成していてもよい。
のいずれかで示される基であることが好ましい。
で表される基である。
本発明の実施形態では、塩基性化合物(B)として、一般式Q+Y-{式中、Q+は、4級アンモニウム基、4級ホスホニウム基、アルカリ金属、又はアルカリ土類金属を表し、かつY-は、アルコキシ基、又はアリールオキシ基を表す。}
で表される化合物を使用してよい。
テトラメチルアンモニウム,テトラエチルアンモニウム、テトラプロピルアンモニウム、テトラブチルアンモニウム、テトラオクチルアンモニウム等の4級アンモニウム基;
テトラメチルホスホニウム、テトラエチルホスホニウム、テトラプロピルホスホニウム、テトラブチルホスホニウム、テトラオクチルホスホニウム等の4級ホスホニウム基;
Li,Na、K等のアルカリ金属;
Ca、Sr、Ba等のアルカリ土類金属;
等が例示される。
メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基、アリルオキシ基、ブトキシ基、ベンジルオキシ基等のアルコキシ基;及び
下記一般式:
で表されるアリールオキシ基;
が例示される。
CH3OLi C2H5OLi (CH3)3COLi
CH3ONa C2H5ONa (CH3)3CONa
CH3OK C2H5OK (CH3)3COK
ケイ素化合物(C)は、下記一般式(C):
で表される1種以上の化合物である。
(CH3)3SiOH
(CH3)3SiOSi(CH3)3
(C2H5)3SiOSi(C2H5)3
(C2H5)(CH3)2SiOSi(CH3)2(C2H5)
(CH2=CH)(CH3)2SiOSi(CH3)2(CH=CH2)
(C3H7)3SiOSi(C3H7)3
(C3H7)(CH3)2SiOSi(CH3)2(C3H7)
(C4H9)(CH3)2SiOSi(CH3)2(C4H9)
(C4H9)3SiOSi(C4H9)3
(CH3)3SiOSO2CF3
(CH3)3SiOSO2CH3
等が挙げられ、そしてX1がハロゲン原子の場合:
(CH3)3SiF
(CH3)3SiCl
(C2H5)3SiF
(C2H5)3SiCl
(iso-C3H7)3SiF
(iso-C3H7)3SiCl
(tert-C4H9)(CH3)2SiF
(tert-C4H9)(CH3)2SiCl
(ClCH2)(CH3)2SiF
(ClCH2)(CH3)2SiCl
(C6H5)3SiF
(C6H5)3SiCl
等が挙げられる。
化合物(a)としてのシリル基含有化合物(A)と、化合物(b)としての塩基性化合物(B)及び/又はケイ素化合物(C)との組み合わせを含む電解液添加用組成物、又は該電解液添加用組成物が添加された電解液では、化合物(a)の分解が抑制されて保存安定性は大幅に改善し、さらに該電解液を使用したリチウムイオン二次電池は、電池のサイクル特性の改善効果を維持しつつ、入出力特性を向上させ、且つガス発生を抑制できる。この理由については、詳細なメカニズムは明らかではないが、化合物(a)と化合物(b)とが協働することにより、化合物(a)、すなわちシリル基含有化合物(A)の分解を抑制して、シリル基含有化合物(A)の保存安定性を改善し、さらに化合物(a)と化合物(b)の両方が、正極若しくは負極又はそれらの両方に作用することにより、電池のサイクル特性の改善効果を維持しつつ、入出力特性を向上させ、且つ電解液の分解及びガス発生を抑制することができたと考えられる。
本実施形態に係る電解液添加用組成物の製造方法としては、例えば、以下の方法1)~3)が挙げられる。
1)化合物(a)、すなわちシリル基含有化合物(A)に、化合物(b)、すなわち塩基性化合物(B)及び/又はケイ素化合物(C)を所定量添加して、電解液添加用組成物を得る方法。
2)化合物(a)、すなわちシリル基含有化合物(A)を合成する時に、原料として、化合物(b)、すなわち塩基性化合物(B)及び/又はケイ素化合物(C)を使用し、合成反応後の精製(蒸留)条件を制御することにより、シリル基含有化合物(A)に対して、未反応の化合物(b)が、上記で説明した含有量で存在するように混入させて、電解液添加用組成物を得る方法。
3)化合物(a)、すなわちシリル基含有化合物(A)を合成する時に、原料として、化合物(b)、すなわち塩基性化合物(B)及び/又はケイ素化合物(C)を使用し、かつ化合物(a)の原料とは別の原料として化合物(D)を反応系に共存させることにより、化合物(D)と化合物(b)とを反応させ、さらに化合物(D)とは分子構造が異なる化合物(D’)を化合物(a)に混入させて、電解液添加用組成物を得る方法。
方法3)において、化合物(D)は、特に限定されないが、例えば、化合物(D)として、置換されていてもよい炭素数1~20の炭化水素基を有するアルコール、炭素数1~20のシラノール、水などを用いることにより、上記一般式(C)で表されるケイ素化合物(C)のX1に上記一般式OR1で表される基を導入することができる。その場合、上記一般式OR1におけるR1は、水素原子、置換されてもよい炭素数1~20の炭化水素基、又は炭素数1~20のシリル基である。
リチウム塩、例えば、モノフルオロリン酸リチウム、ジフルオロリン酸リチウム、リチウムビス(オキサラト)ボレート、リチウムジフルオロ(オキサラト)ボレート、リチウムテトラフルオロ(オキサラト)ホスフェート、リチウムジフルオロビス(オキサラト)ホスフェート等;
不飽和結合含有カーボネート、例えば、ビニレンカーボネート、ビニルエチレンカーボネート等;
ハロゲン原子含有カーボネート、例えば、フルオロエチレンカーボネート、トリフルオロメチルエチレンカーボネート等;
カルボン酸無水物、例えば、無水酢酸、無水安息香酸、無水コハク酸、無水マレイン酸等;
硫黄原子含有化合物、例えば、エチレンスルフィト、1,3-プロパンスルトン、1,3-プロペンスルトン、1,4-ブタンスルトン、エチレンスルフェート、ビニレンスルフェート等;及び
ニトリル基含有化合物、例えば、スクシノニトリル等;
が挙げられる。
本発明の一実施形態では、非水蓄電デバイス用電解液(以下、単に「電解液」ともいう。)は、非水溶媒と、リチウム塩と、上記電解液添加用組成物とを含む。本発明の別の実施形態では、非水溶媒とリチウム塩を含む非水蓄電デバイス用電解液を予め調製しておいて、非水蓄電デバイス用電解液に上記電解液添加用組成物を添加剤として添加してよい。本技術分野では、一般に、添加剤は、電解液に対して比較的少量で添加され、具体的には電解液に対して50質量%以下、40質量%以下、30質量%以下、20質量%以下、10質量%以下、5質量%以下、1質量%以下、又は0.5質量%で添加されることができる。非水溶媒及びリチウム塩について以下に説明する。
非水溶媒としては、例えば、非プロトン性極性溶媒等が挙げられる。
カーボネートとしては、特に限定されないが、例えば、環状カーボネート、鎖状カーボネート等のカーボネート系溶媒を用いることがより好ましい。カーボネート系溶媒として、環状カーボネートと鎖状カーボネートの組み合せを用いることがさらに好ましい。電解液は、このようなカーボネートを含むことにより、イオン伝導性により優れる傾向にある。
環状カーボネートとしては、特に限定されないが、例えば、エチレンカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネート、フルオロエチレンカーボネート等が挙げられる。これらのなかでも、エチレンカーボネート及びプロピレンカーボネートから成る群より選ばれる1種以上が好ましい。電解液は、このような環状カーボネートを含むことにより、イオン伝導性により優れる傾向にある。
鎖状カーボネートとしては、特に限定されないが、例えば、ジメチルカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、及びエチルメチルカーボネートから成る群より選ばれる1種以上が好ましい。電解液は、このような鎖状カーボネートを含むことにより、イオン伝導性により優れる傾向にある。
カーボネート系溶媒として、環状カーボネートと鎖状カーボネートの組み合せを使用する場合、環状カーボネートと鎖状カーボネートとの混合比は、体積比(環状カーボネートの体積:鎖状カーボネートの体積)で、1:10~5:1が好ましく、1:5~3:1がより好ましく、1:5~1:1がさらに好ましい。混合比が上記範囲内であることにより、リチウムイオン二次電池のイオン伝導性がより優れる傾向にある。
リチウム塩は、電解液のイオン伝導性を担う電解質としての機能を有するのであれば、特に限定されない。更に、リチウム塩は、正極若しくは負極、又は正極と負極の両方に作用することにより電解液の酸化分解を抑制する機能を有していてもよい。
非水溶媒とリチウム塩から調製された電解液に、上記電解液添加剤用組成物を添加して、所望の電解液を調製することができる。なお、非水溶媒とリチウム塩から調製された電解液に、上記化合物(a)の1種以上と上記化合物(b)の1種以上を、それぞれ所定量で添加して、所望の電解液を調製してもよい。
本実施形態に係る電解液には、必要に応じて、上記非水溶媒、上記リチウム塩及び上記シリル基含有化合物(A)以外の添加剤を含有させてもよい。このような添加剤としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、その他のリチウム塩、不飽和結合含有カーボネート、ハロゲン原子含有カーボネート、カルボン酸無水物、硫黄原子含有化合物(例えば、スルフィド、ジスルフィド、スルホン酸エステル、スルフィト、スルフェート、スルホン酸無水物等)、ニトリル基含有化合物等が挙げられる。
リチウム塩:例えば、モノフルオロリン酸リチウム、ジフルオロリン酸リチウム、リチウムビス(オキサラト)ボレート、リチウムジフルオロ(オキサラト)ボレート、リチウムテトラフルオロ(オキサラト)ホスフェート、リチウムジフルオロビス(オキサラト)ホスフェート等;
不飽和結合含有カーボネート:例えば、ビニレンカーボネート、ビニルエチレンカーボネート等;
ハロゲン原子含有カーボネート:例えば、フルオロエチレンカーボネート、トリフルオロメチルエチレンカーボネート等;
カルボン酸無水物:例えば、無水酢酸、無水安息香酸、無水コハク酸、無水マレイン酸等;
硫黄原子含有化合物:例えば、エチレンスルフィト、1,3-プロパンスルトン、1,3-プロペンスルトン、1,4-ブタンスルトン、エチレンスルフェート、ビニレンスルフェート等;
ニトリル基含有化合物:例えば、スクシノニトリル等。
本実施形態に係る電解液は、非水蓄電デバイス用電解液として好適に用いられる。ここで、非水蓄電デバイスとは、蓄電デバイス中の電解液に水溶液を用いない蓄電デバイスをいう。非水蓄電デバイスの一例として、リチウムイオン二次電池、ナトリウムイオン二次電池、カルシウムイオン二次電池及びリチウムイオンキャパシタが挙げられる。これらの中でも、実用性及び耐久性の観点から、非水蓄電デバイスとして、リチウムイオン二次電池及びリチウムイオンキャパシタが好ましく、リチウムイオン二次電池がより好ましい。
本発明の一実施形態では、リチウムイオン二次電池(以下、単に「電池」ともいう。)は、上記電解液と、正極活物質を含有する正極と、負極活物質を含有する負極とを備える。この電池は、上述の電解液を備える以外は、従来のリチウムイオン二次電池と同様の構成を有していてもよい。
正極は、リチウムイオン二次電池の正極として作用するのであれば特に限定されず、したがって既知の正極を使用してよい。正極は、正極活物質としてリチウムイオンを吸蔵及び放出することが可能な材料から成る群より選ばれる1種以上の材料を含むことが好ましい。そのような材料としては、例えば、下記一般式(6a)及び(6b):
LixMO2 (6a)
LiyM2O4 (6b)
{式中、Mは遷移金属から選ばれる1種以上の金属を示し、xは0~1の数であり、かつyは0~2の数である。}
で表される複合酸化物、トンネル構造及び層状構造を有する金属カルコゲン化物及び金属酸化物、オリビン型リン酸化合物等が挙げられる。
正極活物質として、例えば、S、MnO2、FeO2、FeS2、V2O5、V6O13、TiO2、TiS2、MoS2及びNbSe2に代表される、リチウム以外の金属の酸化物も使用してよい。
正極活物質として、ポリアニリン、ポリチオフェン、ポリアセチレン及びポリピロールに代表される導電性高分子も使用してよい。
LivMIO2 (7a)
LiwMIIPO4 (7b)
{式中、MI及びMIIは、それぞれ1種以上の遷移金属元素を示し、v及びwは、それぞれ電池の充放電状態によって異なるが、通常、vは、0.05~1.10の数であり、かつwは、0.05~1.10の数である。}
で表される化合物が挙げられる。
LiMn2-xMaxO4 (E1)
{式中、Maは、遷移金属から成る群より選ばれる1種以上を示し、かつxは0.2≦x≦0.7の範囲内の数である。}
で表される酸化物;
下記式(E2):
LiMn1-uMeuO2 (E2)
{式中、Meは、Mnを除く遷移金属から成る群より選ばれる1種以上を示し、かつuは0.1≦u≦0.9の範囲内の数である。}
で表される酸化物;
下記式(E3):
zLi2McO3-(1-z)LiMdO2 (E3)
{式中、Mc及びMdは、各々独立に、遷移金属から成る群より選ばれる1種以上を示し、かつzは0.1≦z≦0.9の範囲内の数である。}
で表される複合酸化物;
下記式(E4):
LiMb1-yFeyPO4 (E4)
{式中、Mbは、Mn及びCoから成る群より選ばれる1種以上を示し、かつyは0≦y≦0.9の範囲内の数である。}
で表される化合物;及び
下記式(E5):
Li2MfPO4F (E5)
{式中、Mfは遷移金属から成る群より選ばれる1種以上を示す。}
で表される化合物;
から成る群より選ばれる1種以上であることが好ましい。このような正極活物質を用いることにより、正極活物質の構造安定性がより優れる傾向にある。
LiMn2-xNixO4 (E1a)
{式中、xは、0.2≦x≦0.7の範囲内にある数である。}
で表される酸化物が好ましく、下記式(E1b):
LiMn2-xNixO4 (E1b)
{式中、xは、0.3≦x≦0.6の範囲内にある数である。}
で表される酸化物がより好ましい。
LiMn1-v-wCovNiwO2 (E2a)
{式中、vは、0.1≦v≦0.4の範囲内にある数であり、かつwは、0.1≦w≦0.8の範囲内にある数である。}
で表される層状酸化物が好ましい。
zLi2MnO3-(1-z)LiNiaMnbCocO2 (E3a)
{式中、zは、0.3≦z≦0.7の範囲内にある数であり、aは、0.2≦a≦0.6の範囲内にある数であり、bは、0.2≦b≦0.6の範囲内にある数であり、cは、0.05≦c≦0.4の範囲内にある数であり、そしてa、b及びcは、a+b+c=1の関係を満たす。}
で表される複合酸化物が好ましい。
LiMn1-yFeyPO4 (E4a)
{式中、yは、0.05≦y≦0.8の範囲内にある数である。}
で表される化合物、又は下記式(E4b):
LiCo1-yFeyPO4 (E4b)
{式中、yは、0.05≦y≦0.8の範囲内にある数である。}
で表される化合物が好ましい。
本実施形態に係るリチウムイオン二次電池の満充電時におけるリチウム基準の正極電位は、4.1V(vsLi/Li+)以上が好ましく、4.15V(vsLi/Li+)以上がより好ましく、4.2V(vsLi/Li+)以上がさらに好ましい。満充電時における正極電位が4.1V(vsLi/Li+)以上であることにより、リチウムイオン二次電池の有する正極活物質の充放電容量を効率的に活用できる傾向にある。また、満充電時における正極電位が4.1V(vsLi/Li+)以上であることにより、リチウムイオン二次電池のエネルギー密度がより向上する傾向にある。なお、満充電時におけるリチウム基準の正極電位は、満充電時の電池の電圧を制御することにより制御することができる。
正極活物質は、一般的な無機酸化物の製造方法と同様の方法で製造できる。正極活物質の製造方法としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、所定の割合で金属塩(例えば硫酸塩及び/又は硝酸塩)を混合した混合物を、酸素を含む雰囲気環境下で焼成することで無機酸化物を含む正極活物質を得る方法が挙げられる。代替的には、金属塩を溶解させた液に炭酸塩及び/又は水酸化物塩を作用させて難溶性の金属塩を析出させ、それを抽出分離したものに、リチウム源として炭酸リチウム及び/又は水酸化リチウムを混合した後、酸素を含む雰囲気環境下で焼成することで、無機酸化物を含む正極活物質を得る方法が挙げられる。
正極の製造方法の一例を以下に示す。まず、上記正極活物質に対して、必要に応じて、導電助剤、バインダー等を加えて混合した正極合剤を溶剤に分散させて正極合剤を含有するペーストを調製する。次いで、このペーストを正極集電体に塗布し、乾燥して正極合剤層を形成し、正極合剤層を必要に応じて加圧し、厚さを調整することによって、正極を作製することができる。
負極は、リチウムイオン二次電池の負極として作用するのであれば特に限定されず、したがって既知の負極を使用してよい。負極は、負極活物質として、リチウムイオンを吸蔵及び放出することが可能な材料から成る群より選ばれる1種以上を含有することが好ましい。このような負極活物質としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、金属リチウム、炭素負極活物質、ケイ素合金負極活物質及びスズ合金負極活物質に代表されるリチウムと合金形成が可能な元素を含む負極活物質;ケイ素酸化物負極活物質;スズ酸化物負極活物質;及びチタン酸リチウム負極活物質に代表されるリチウム含有化合物から成る群より選ばれる1種以上が挙げられる。これらの負極活物質は、1種を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いられる。
負極は、例えば、下記のようにして得られる。まず、上記負極活物質に対して、必要に応じて、導電助剤、バインダー等を加えて混合した負極合剤を溶剤に分散させて、負極合剤を含有するペーストを調製する。次いで、このペーストを負極集電体に塗布し、乾燥して負極合剤層を形成し、それを必要に応じて加圧し、厚みを調整することによって、負極を作製することができる。
正極及び負極の作製において、必要に応じて用いられる導電助剤としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、グラファイト、アセチレンブラック及びケッチェンブラック等のカーボンブラック、並びに炭素繊維が挙げられる。
本実施形態に係るリチウムイオン二次電池は、正負極の短絡防止、シャットダウン等の安全性を電池に付与するという観点から、正極と負極との間にセパレータを備えることが好ましい。例えば、既知のリチウムイオン二次電池に備えられるセパレータを用いることができる。セパレータとしては、イオン透過性が大きく、機械的強度に優れる絶縁性の薄膜が好ましい。
本実施形態に係るリチウムイオン二次電池は、特に限定されないが、例えば、セパレータと、そのセパレータを両側から挟む正極と負極により形成される積層体と、積層体を挟む正極集電体(正極の外側に配置)及び負極集電体(負極の外側に配置)と、それらを収容する電池外装とを備える。正極とセパレータと負極とを積層した積層体は、本実施形態に係る電解液に含浸されている。
本実施形態に係るリチウムイオン二次電池は、上述の電解液、正極、負極及び必要に応じてセパレータを用いて、既知の方法により作製することができる。例えば、正極と負極とを、その間にセパレータを介在させた積層状態で巻回して巻回構造の積層体に成形するか、又はそれらの折り曲げ、複数層の積層などによって、交互に積層した複数の正極と負極との間にセパレータが介在する積層体に成形し、次いで、電池ケース(外装)内にその積層体を収容して、本実施形態に係る電解液をケース内部に注液し、上記積層体をその電解液に浸漬して封印することによって、リチウムイオン二次電池を作製することができる。
測定装置:JNM-GSX400G型核磁気共鳴装置(日本電子株式会社製)
溶媒:重クロロホルム
基準物質:1H-NMR クロロホルム(7.26ppm)、
31P-NMR 85%リン酸(0ppm)
GC装置:Agilent 6890(アジレント・テクノロジー社)
キャピラリーカラム:DB-1(カラム長さ30m、内径0.25mm、膜厚0.25μm)(アジレント・テクノロジー社)
MS装置:Agilent 5973(アジレント・テクノロジー社)
イオン化法:電子イオン化法(EI)
測定温度:23℃
測定装置:振動式粘度計(セコニック社)
<正極活物質の合成>
遷移金属元素のモル比として1:3の割合となる量の硫酸ニッケルと硫酸マンガンとを水に溶解し、金属イオン濃度の総和が2mol/Lになるようにニッケル-マンガン混合水溶液を調製した。次いで、このニッケル-マンガン混合水溶液を、70℃に加温した濃度2mol/Lの炭酸ナトリウム水溶液1650mL中に、12.5mL/minの添加速度で120分間滴下した。なお、滴下中は、攪拌の下、200mL/minの流量の空気を水溶液中にバブリングしながら吹き込んだ。これにより、析出物質が発生し、得られた析出物質を蒸留水で十分洗浄し、乾燥して、ニッケルマンガン化合物を得た。得られたニッケルマンガン化合物と粒径2μmの炭酸リチウムとを、リチウム:ニッケル:マンガンのモル比が1:0.5:1.5になるように秤量し、1時間乾式混合した後、得られた混合物を酸素雰囲気下において1000℃で5時間焼成し、LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4で表される正極活物質を得た。
上述のようにして得られた正極活物質と、導電助剤としてグラファイトの粉末(TIMCAL社製、商品名「KS-6」)及びアセチレンブラックの粉末(電気化学工業社製、商品名「HS-100」)と、バインダーとしてポリフッ化ビニリデン溶液(クレハ社製、商品名「L#7208」)とを、80:5:5:10の固形分質量比で混合した。得られた混合物に、分散溶媒としてN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを固形分35質量%となるように投入して、さらに混合して、スラリー状の溶液を調製した。このスラリー状の溶液を厚さ20μmのアルミニウム箔の片面に塗布し、溶剤を乾燥除去した後、ロールプレスで圧延し正極シートを得た。
負極活物質としてグラファイト粉末(大阪ガスケミカル社製、商品名「OMAC1.2H/SS」)及び別のグラファイト粉末(TIMCAL社製、商品名「SFG6」)と、バインダーとしてスチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)及びカルボキシメチルセルロース水溶液とを、90:10:1.5:1.8の固形分質量比で混合した。得られた混合物を、固形分濃度が45質量%となるように、分散溶媒としての水に添加して、スラリー状の溶液を調製した。このスラリー状の溶液を厚さ18μmの銅箔の片面に塗布し、溶剤を乾燥除去した後、ロールプレスで圧延し負極シートを得た。
上述のようにして作製した正極シート及び負極シートを直径16mmの円盤状に打ち抜いて正極及び負極を得た。得られた正極及び負極をポリプロピレン製の微多孔膜から成るセパレータ(膜厚25μm、空孔率50%、孔径0.1μm~1μm)の両側に重ね合わせた積層体を、ステンレス製の円盤型電池ケース(外装体)に挿入した。次いで、そこに、後述の実施例及び比較例に記載の電解液を0.2mL注入し、積層体を電解液に浸漬した後、電池ケースを密閉して、リチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
得られたリチウムイオン二次電池を、25℃に設定した恒温槽(二葉科学社製、商品名「PLM-73S」)に収容し、充放電装置(アスカ電子(株)製、商品名「ACD-01」)に接続し、20時間静置した。その電池を0.2Cの定電流で4.9Vに到達するまで充電し、さらに4.9Vの定電圧で3時間充電した後、0.2Cの定電流で3.0Vまで放電するという充放電サイクルを、3回繰り返して、電池の初期充放電を行なった。なお、1Cとは、電池の全容量を1時間で放電させる場合の電流値を示す。
上記初期充放電後、25℃に設定した恒温槽中で、その電池を1.0Cの定電流で4.9Vまで充電し、さらに4.9Vの定電圧で2時間充電した後、xC(ここで、xは、1/3及び5である)の定電流で3.0Vまで放電し、xCにおける放電容量を測定した。1/3Cの放電容量に対する、5Cの放電容量の割合を4.9V放電容量維持率として算出した。
上記初期充放電後、50℃に設定した恒温槽中で、その電池を1.0Cの定電流で4.9Vまで充電し、さらに4.9Vの定電圧で2時間充電した後、1.0Cの定電流で3.0Vまで放電した。この一連の充放電を1サイクルとして、さらに79サイクル充放電を繰り返し、全体で80サイクルのサイクル充放電を行った。1サイクル目及び80サイクル目の正極活物質質量当たりの放電容量を確認した。また、80サイクル目の放電容量を1サイクル目の放電容量で除することにより、4.9Vサイクル容量維持率(80cy)を算出した。
<正極シートの作製>
正極活物質として、数平均粒子径11μmを有するリチウム・ニッケル・マンガン・コバルト混合酸化物(LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2)と、導電助剤として数平均粒子径6.5μmのグラファイト炭素粉末及び数平均粒子径48nmのアセチレンブラック粉末と、バインダーとしてPVDFとを、混合酸化物:グラファイト炭素粉末:アセチレンブラック粉末:PVDF=100:4.2:1.8:4.6の質量比で混合した。得られた混合物にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを固形分68質量%となるように投入して更に混合して、スラリー状の溶液を調製した。このスラリー状の溶液を厚さ20μmのアルミニウム箔の片面に塗布し、溶剤を乾燥除去した後、ロールプレスで圧延して正極シートを得た。
負極活物質として数平均粒子径12.7μmのグラファイト炭素粉末(I)及び数平均粒子径6.5μmのグラファイト炭素粉末(II)と、バインダーとしてカルボキシメチルセルロース溶液(固形分濃度1.83質量%)と、ジエン系ゴム(ガラス転移温度:-5℃、乾燥時の数平均粒子径:120nm、分散媒:水、固形分濃度:40質量%)とを、グラファイト炭素粉末(I):グラファイト炭素粉末(II):カルボキシメチルセルロース溶液:ジエン系ゴム=90:10:1.44:1.76の固形分質量比で全体の固形分濃度が45質量%になるように混合して、スラリー状の溶液を調製した。このスラリー状の溶液を厚さ10μmの銅箔の片面に塗布し、溶剤を乾燥除去した後、ロールプレスで圧延し負極シートを得た。
上述のようにして作製した正極シート及び負極シートを直径16mmの円盤状に打ち抜いて正極及び負極を得た。得られた正極及び負極をポリプロピレン製の微多孔膜から成るセパレータ(膜厚25μm、空孔率50%、孔径0.1μm~1μm)の両側に重ね合わせた積層体を、ステンレス製の円盤型電池ケース(外装体)に挿入した。次いで、そこに、後述の実施例及び比較例に記載の電解液を0.2mL注入し、積層体を電解液に浸漬した後、電池ケースを密閉してリチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
得られたリチウムイオン二次電池を、25℃に設定した恒温槽(二葉科学社製、商品名「PLM-73S」)に収容し、充放電装置(アスカ電子(株)製、商品名「ACD-01」)に接続し、20時間静置した。次いで、その電池を0.2Cの定電流で4.2Vに到達するまで充電し、さらに4.2Vの定電圧で3時間充電した後、0.2Cの定電流で3.0Vまで放電するという充放電サイクルを、3回繰り返して、電池の初期充放電を行なった。
上述の(1)と同様にして作製した正極シート及び負極シートを角型に打ち抜いて、正極及び負極を得た。得られた正極及び負極をポリプロピレン製の微多孔膜から成るセパレータ(膜厚25μm、空孔率50%、孔径0.1μm~1μm)の両側に重ね合わせた積層体を、アルミニウム箔(厚さ40μm)の両面を樹脂層で被覆したラミネートフィルムから成る袋内に正負極の端子を突設させながら挿入した後、下記実施例及び比較例に記載の電解液を0.5mL袋内に注入し、真空封止を行って、シート状リチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
リン酸二水素アンモニウム(4.0g)と1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザン(16.8g)の混合物を窒素雰囲気下、100℃で8時間加熱した。得られた反応混合物を減圧下(0.23kPa)で蒸留して、無色液体(10.2g)を得た。1H-NMR、31P-NMR、GC-MS、及びガスクロマトグラフから、得られた液体は、リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)100質量%に対し:
トリメチルシラノール 300質量ppm;
1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシロキサン 400質量ppm;及び
1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザン 29500質量ppm;
を含む組成物(P-1)であることが分かった。組成物(P-1)中の各成分の組成比は、ガスクロマトグラフを用いて決定した。各成分の分析結果は以下の通りである:
リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル):1H-NMR 0.57ppm(s、9H)
31P-NMR -24.30ppm
GC-MS(EI)314(M+)
トリメチルシラノール:GC-MS(EI)90(M+)
1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシロキサン:GC-MS(EI)147(M+-CH3)
1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザン:GC-MS(EI)161(M+)
組成物(P-1)の粘度を23℃で測定した結果、2.8mPa・sであった。
リン酸二水素アンモニウム(40g)と1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザン(168g)の混合物を窒素雰囲気下、100℃で8時間加熱した。得られた反応混合物は減圧下(0.12kPa)で蒸留して、無色液体(91g)を得た。GC-MS及びガスクロマトグラフから、得られた液体は、リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)100質量%に対し:
トリメチルシラノール 500質量ppm;及び
1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシロキサン 400質量ppm;
を含む組成物(P-2)であることが分かった。組成物(P-2)の粘度(23℃)は、3.3mPa・sであった。
リン酸ナトリウム(8.20g)に、アセトニトリル(50ml)、トリメチルクロロシラン(27.2g)を加え、60℃で4時間加熱した。得られた反応混合物を濾過し、溶媒を減圧留去した後、減圧下(0.23kPa)で蒸留して、無色液体(6.45g)を得た。ガスクロマトグラフから、得られた液体は、リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)100質量%に対し:
トリメチルシラノール 400質量ppm;
1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシロキサン 600質量ppm;及び
トリメチルクロロシラン 5000質量ppm;
を含む組成物(P-3)であることが分かった。組成物(P-3)の粘度(23℃)は3.1mPa・sであった。
リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)(東京化成工業社製、9.95g)に対して、トリメチルクロロシラン(0.06g)を添加し、組成物(P-4)を得た。組成物(P-4)中のトリメチルクロロシランの含有量は、リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)100質量%に対し、6000質量ppmであった。組成物(P-4)の粘度(23℃)は3.1mPa・sであった。
リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)(東京化成工業社製、9.9g)に対して、トリエチルクロロシラン(0.1g)を添加し、組成物(P-5)を得た。組成物(P-5)中のトリエチルクロロシランの含有量は、リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)100質量%に対し、10000質量ppmであった。組成物(P-5)の粘度(23℃)は3.0mPa・sであった。
リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)(東京化成工業社製、9.87g)に対して、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸トリメチルシリル(0.13g)を添加し、組成物(P-6)を得た。組成物(P-6)中のトリフルオロメタンスルホン酸トリメチルシリルの含有量は、リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)100質量%に対し、13000質量ppmであった。組成物(P-6)の粘度(23℃)は2.9mPa・sであった。
リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)(東京化成工業社製、9.935g)に対して、ジメトキシジメチルシラン(0.065g)を添加し、組成物(P-7)を得た。組成物(P-7)中のジメトキシジメチルシランの含有量は、リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)100質量%に対し、6500質量ppmであった。組成物(P-7)の粘度(23℃)は3.1mPa・sであった。
リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)(東京化成工業社製、9.9g)に対して、N,O-ビス(トリメチルシリル)アセトアミド(0.1g)を添加し、組成物(P-8)を得た。組成物(P-8)中のN,O-ビス(トリメチルシリル)アセトアミドの含有量は、リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)100質量%に対し、10000質量ppmであった。組成物(P-8)の粘度(23℃)は3.0mPa・sであった。
リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)(東京化成工業社製,9.87g)に対して、N,O-ビス(トリメチルシリル)トリフルオロアセトアミド(0.13g)を添加し、組成物(P-9)を得た。組成物(P-9)中のN,O-ビス(トリメチルシリル)トリフルオロアセトアミドの含有量は、リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)100質量%に対し、13000質量ppmであった。組成物(P-9)の粘度(23℃)は2.9mPa・sであった。
リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)(東京化成工業社製、9.95g)に対して、1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザン(0.05g)を添加し、組成物(P-10)を得た。組成物(P-10)中の1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザンの含有量は、リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)100質量%に対し、5000質量ppmであった。組成物(P-10)の粘度(23℃)は3.1mPa・sであった。
亜リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)(シグマアルドリッチ社製、9.9g)に対して、1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシロキサン(0.1g)を添加し、組成物(P-11)を得た。組成物(P-11)中の1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシロキサンの含有量は、亜リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)100質量%に対し、10000質量ppmであった。組成物(P-11)の粘度(23℃)は1.1mPa・sであった。
ポリリン酸トリメチルシリル(シグマアルドリッチ社製、9.5g)に対して、1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシロキサン(0.5g)を添加し、組成物(P-12)を得た。組成物(P-12)中の1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシロキサンの含有量は、ポリリン酸トリメチルシリル100質量%に対し、50000質量ppmであった。組成物(P-12)の粘度(23℃)は550mPa・sであった。
振動式粘度計でリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)(東京化成工業社製)の粘度を23℃で測定した結果、3.4mPa・sであった。
振動式粘度計で亜リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)(シグマアルドリッチ社製)の粘度を23℃で測定した結果、1.3mPa・sであった。
振動式粘度計でポリリン酸トリメチルシリル(シグマアルドリッチ社製)の粘度を23℃で測定した結果、600mPa・sであった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒に、リチウム塩としてLiPF6を1mol/L含有させた溶液(キシダ化学社製、LBG00069)9.90gに対し、実施例1の組成物(P-1)0.10gを加え、電解液(D-1)を調製した。前記(1)及び/又は(2)の方法に従って、電解液(D-1)を用いてシート状リチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、電池性能評価を行なった。
組成物(P-1)に替えて、上記組成物(P-2)~(P-12)を用いた以外は、実施例13と同様の操作により、電解液(D-2)~(D-12)を得た。上記(1)及び/又は(2)の方法に従って、電解液(D-2)~(D-12)を用いて、各々シート状リチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、電池性能評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒に、リチウム塩としてLiPF6を1mol/L含有させた溶液(キシダ化学社製、LBG00069)9.90gに対し、比較例1に記載のリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)0.10gを加え、電解液(C-1)を得た。上記(1)及び/又は(2)の方法に従って、電解液(C-1)を用いてシート状リチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、電池性能評価を行った。
リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)に替えて、比較例2に記載の亜リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)を使用した以外は比較例4と同様の操作により、電解液(C-2)を得た。上記(1)及び/又は(2)の方法に従って、電解液(C-2)を用いてシート状リチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、電池性能評価を行なった。
リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)に替えて、比較例3に記載のポリリン酸トリメチルシリルを使用した以外は比較例4と同様の操作により、電解液(C-3)を得た。上記(1)及び/又は(2)の方法に従って、電解液(C-3)を用いてシート状リチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、電池性能評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒に、リチウム塩としてヘキサフルオロリン酸リチウム(LiPF6)を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.90gに対し、化合物(a)としてリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)0.10g、及び化合物(b)としてヘプタメチルジシラザンを0.005g含有させ、電解液(D-13)を調製した。電解液(D-13)中の化合物(a)の含有量は1質量%であり、化合物(b)の含有量は500質量ppmであった。
化合物(b)としてヘプタメチルジシラザンの替わりに、1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザンを使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作によって、電解液(D-14)を得た。次に、電解液(D-13)の替わりに電解液(D-14)を使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作により、2週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は92%であり、かつ6週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は91%であることを確認した。
化合物(b)としてヘプタメチルジシラザンの替わりに、1,1,3,3,5,5-ヘキサメチルシクロトリシラザンを使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作で電解液(D-15)を得た。次に、電解液(D-13)の替わりに電解液(D-15)を使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作により、2週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は96%であり、かつ6週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は85%であることを確認した。
化合物(b)としてヘプタメチルジシラザンの替わりに、N-(トリメチルシリル)ジメチルアミンを使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作で電解液(D-16)を得た。次に、電解液(D-13)の替わりに電解液(D-16)を使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作により、2週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は95%であり、かつ6週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は94%であることを確認した。
化合物(b)としてヘプタメチルジシラザンの替わりに、トリエチルアミンを使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作で電解液(D-17)を得た。次に、電解液(D-13)の替わりに電解液(D-17)を使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作により、2週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は89%であり、かつ6週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は89%であることを確認した。
化合物(b)としてヘプタメチルジシラザンの替わりに、エチレンジアミンを使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作で電解液(D-18)を得た。次に、電解液(D-13)の替わりに電解液(D-18)を使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作により、2週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は87%であり、かつ6週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は87%であることを確認した。
化合物(b)としてヘプタメチルジシラザンの替わりに、N,N,N’,N’-テトラメチルエチレンジアミンを使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作で電解液(D-19)を得た。次に、電解液(D-13)の替わりに電解液(D-19)を使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作により、2週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は86%であり、かつ6週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は85%であることを確認した。
化合物(b)としてヘプタメチルジシラザンの替わりに、オクタメチルシクロテトラシラザンを使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作で電解液(D-20)を得た。次に、電解液(D-13)の替わりに電解液(D-20)を使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作により、2週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は84%であり、かつ6週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は83%であることを確認した。
化合物(b)としてヘプタメチルジシラザンの替わりに、メチルトリス(ジメチルアミノ)シランを使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作で電解液(D-21)を得た。次に、電解液(D-13)の替わりに電解液(D-21)を使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作により、2週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は81%であり、かつ6週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は75%であることを確認した。
化合物(b)としてヘプタメチルジシラザンの替わりに、N,O-ビス(トリメチルシリル)アセトアミドを使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作で電解液(D-22)を得た。次に、電解液(D-13)の替わりに電解液(D-22)を使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作により、2週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は76%であり、かつ6週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は57%であることを確認した。
化合物(b)としてヘプタメチルジシラザンを使用しなかった以外は実施例25と同様の操作で電解液(C-4)を得た。次に、電解液(D-13)の替わりに電解液(C-4)を使用した以外は実施例25と同様の操作により、2週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は74%であり、かつ6週間後の化合物(a)の残存率は24%であることを確認した。
実施例25で調製した電解液(D-13)をSUS容器に入れて密閉した後、45℃の恒温槽内に1週間保存して、電解液(D’-13)を得た。電解液(D’-13)に含まれる化合物(a)を31P-NMR(内部基準:リン酸トリメチル)で測定した結果、化合物(a)の残存率は100%であった。
実施例25において電解液(D-13)を調製した直後、上記(1)の方法で、電解液(D-13)を用いてリチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、電池性能評価を行った。その結果、1サイクル目の放電容量は121mAh/gであり、80サイクル目の放電容量は91mAh/gであり、かつ4.9Vサイクル容量維持率(80cy)は75%であった。
比較例7で調製した電解液(C-4)をSUS容器に入れて密閉した後、45℃の恒温槽内に1週間保存し、電解液(C’-4)を得た。電解液(C’-4)に含まれる化合物(a)を31P-NMR(内部基準:リン酸トリメチル)で測定した結果、化合物(a)の残存率は0%であった。
比較例7において電解液(C-4)を調製した直後、上記(1)の方法で電解液(C-4)を用いてリチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、電池性能評価を行った。その結果、1サイクル目の放電容量は121mAh/gであり、80サイクル目の放電容量は91mAh/gであり、かつ4.9Vサイクル容量維持率(80cy)は75%であった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.95gに、化合物(a)としてリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)0.05g、及び化合物(b)として1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザン0.003gを含有させて、電解液(D-23)を調製した。電解液(D-23)中のリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)の含有量は0.5質量%であり、1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザンの含有量は300質量ppmであり、かつLiPF6の含有量は13質量%であった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.90gに、化合物(a)としてリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)0.10g、及び化合物(b)として1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザン0.005gを含有させて、電解液(D-24)を調製した。電解液(D-23)の替わりに電解液(D-24)を使用した以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.80gに、化合物(a)としてリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)0.20g、及び化合物(b)として1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザン0.005gを含有させ、電解液(D-25)を調製した。電解液(D-23)の替わりに電解液(D-25)を使用した以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.90gに、化合物(a)としてリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)0.05g、及び化合物(b)として1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザン0.05gを含有させ、電解液(D-26)を調製した。電解液(D-23)の替わりに電解液(D-26)を使用した以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.95gに、化合物(a)としてリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)0.05g、及び化合物(b)として1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザン0.001gを含有させて、電解液(D-27)を調製した。電解液(D-23)の替わりに電解液(D-27)を使用した以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.95gに、化合物(a)としてリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)0.05g、及び化合物(b)としてトリエチルアミン0.003gを含有させて、電解液(D-28)を調製した。電解液(D-23)の替わりに電解液(D-28)を使用した以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.95gに、化合物(a)としてリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)0.05g、及び化合物(b)としてトリス(ジメチルアミノ)シラン0.003gを含有させて、電解液(D-29)を調製した。電解液(D-23)の替わりに電解液(D-29)を使用した以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.95gに、化合物(a)としてリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)0.05g、及び化合物(b)としてヘプタメチルジシラザン0.003gを含有させて、電解液(D-30)を調製した。電解液(D-23)の替わりに電解液(D-30)を使用した以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.95gに、化合物(a)としてリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)0.05g、及び化合物(b)として1,1,3,3,5,5-ヘキサメチルシクロトリシラザン0.003gを含有させて、電解液(D-31)を調製した。電解液(D-23)の替わりに電解液(D-31)を使用した以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
窒素雰囲気下、ピロリン酸カリウム3.3gにクロロトリメチルシラン10.9gを徐々に添加して、60℃で8時間撹拌した。窒素雰囲気下、濾過により固体成分を除去した後、減圧で揮発成分を除去すると、31P-NMR、及び1H-NMRにより、ピロリン酸テトラキス(トリメチルシリル)(P2O7(Si(CH3)3)4)が2.3g得られたことが同定された。
ピロリン酸テトラキス(トリメチルシリル):31P-NMR -30ppm(s)
1H-NMR 1.54ppm(s)
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.90gに、化合物(a)としてポリリン酸トリメチルシリル(アルドリッチ社製)0.10g、及び化合物(b)として1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザン0.003gを含有させて、電解液(D-33)を調製した。電解液(D-23)の替わりに電解液(D-33)を使用した以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.90gに、化合物(a)として亜リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)(P(OSi(CH3)3)3、アルドリッチ社製)0.10g、及び化合物(b)として1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザン0.003gを含有させて、電解液(D-34)を調製した。電解液(D-23)の替わりに電解液(D-34)を使用した以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.90gに、化合物(a)としてアジピン酸ビス(トリメチルシリル)((CH3)3SiO2C(CH2)4CO2Si(CH3)3、Gelest社製)0.10g、及び化合物(b)として1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザン0.003gを含有させて、電解液(D-35)を調製した。電解液(D-23)の替わりに電解液(D-35)を使用した以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.90gに、化合物(a)としてホウ酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)(B(OSi(CH3)3)3、アルドリッチ社製)0.10g、及び化合物(b)として1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザン0.003gを含有させて、電解液(D-36)を調製した。電解液(D-23)の替わりに電解液(D-36)を使用した以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.94gに、化合物(a)としてリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)0.05g、化合物(b)として1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザン0.003g、及びその他の添加剤としてジフルオロリン酸リチウムを0.01gを含有させて、電解液(D-37)を調製した。電解液(D-23)の替わりに電解液(D-37)を使用した以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.95gに、化合物(a)としてリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)0.05g、及び化合物(b)としてオクタメチルシクロテトラシラザン0.003gを含有させて、電解液(D-38)を調製した。電解液(D-23)の替わりに電解液(D-38)を使用した以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.95gに、化合物(a)としてリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)0.05g、及び化合物(b)としてN,N,N’,N’-テトラメチルエチレンジアミン0.003gを含有させて、電解液(D-39)を調製した。電解液(D-23)の替わりに電解液(D-39)を使用した以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.95gに、化合物(a)としてリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)0.05g、及び化合物(b)としてN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド0.003gを含有させて、電解液(D-40)を調製した。電解液(D-23)の替わりに電解液(D-40)を使用した以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液9.95gに、化合物(a)としてリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)0.05g、及び化合物(b)としてカリウム tert-ブトキシド0.003gを含有させて、電解液(D-41)を調製した。電解液(D-23)の替わりに電解液(D-41)を使用した以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液を電解液(C-5)として使用した。電解液(C-5)中のLiPF6の含有量は13質量%であった。
また、上記(2)の方法に従ってガス発生評価を行ったところ、電池運転後のガス発生量は、4.73mLであった。
化合物(b)として1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザンを用いなかった以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液を10.00g用い、かつ化合物(a)としてリン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)を用いなかった以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを体積比1:2で混合した混合溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6塩を1mol/L含有させた溶液を8.95g用い、かつ化合物(b)として1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサメチルジシラザンを1.00g用いた以外は実施例37と同様に、電池の評価を行なった。
110 セパレータ
120 正極
130 負極
140 正極集電体
150 負極集電体
160 電池外装
Claims (17)
- (a)リン原子及び/又はホウ素原子を有するプロトン酸、スルホン酸、及びカルボン酸から成る群より選ばれる酸の水素原子の少なくとも1つが下記一般式(A1):
で表されるシリル基で置換されたシリル基含有化合物(A)と;
(b)ルイス塩基及び一般式Q+Y-{式中、Q+は、4級アンモニウム基、4級ホスホニウム基、アルカリ金属、又はアルカリ土類金属を表し、かつY-は、アルコキシ基、又はアリールオキシ基を表す。}で表わされる化合物から成る群より選ばれる1種以上の塩基性化合物(B)、及び/又は下記一般式(C):
で表される1種以上のケイ素化合物(C)と;
を含む電解液添加用組成物であって、前記シリル基含有化合物(A)100質量%に対して、前記塩基性化合物(B)及び/又は前記ケイ素化合物(C)を1質量ppm以上100質量%以下含む電解液添加用組成物。 - 前記シリル基含有化合物(A)100質量%に対して、前記塩基性化合物(B)及び/又は前記ケイ素化合物(C)を10質量ppm以上50質量%以下含む、請求項1に記載の電解液添加用組成物。
- 前記シリル基含有化合物(A)は、下記一般式(A2)~(A4):
で表される化合物から成る群より選ばれる1種以上を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の電解液添加用組成物。 - 前記ルイス塩基が、含窒素有機ルイス塩基である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の電解液添加用組成物。
- 非水溶媒と、
リチウム塩と、
請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の電解液添加用組成物と、
を含む非水蓄電デバイス用電解液。 - 前記非水蓄電デバイス用電解液100質量%に対して、0.01質量%以上10質量%以下の前記シリル基含有化合物(A)を含む、請求項5に記載の非水蓄電デバイス用電解液。
- 前記リチウム塩は、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiClO4、LiAsF6、Li2SiF6、LiOSO2CkF2k+1{式中、kは0~8の整数である}、LiN(SO2CkF2k+1)2{式中、kは0~8の整数である〕、及びLiPFn(CkF2k+1)6-n{式中、nは1~5の整数であり、かつkは1~8の整数である}から成る群より選ばれる1種以上である、請求項5又は6に記載の非水蓄電デバイス用電解液。
- ジフルオロリン酸リチウム及びモノフルオロリン酸リチウムから成る群より選ばれる1種以上をさらに含む、請求項5~7のいずれか1項に記載の非水蓄電デバイス用電解液。
- 前記非水溶媒は、環状カーボネート及び/又は鎖状カーボネートを含む、請求項5~8のいずれか1項に記載の非水蓄電デバイス用電解液。
- 正極活物質を含有する正極と、
負極活物質を含有する負極と、
請求項5~9のいずれか1項に記載の非水蓄電デバイス用電解液と、
を備えるリチウムイオン二次電池。 - 前記正極活物質は、4.1V(vsLi/Li+)以上の電位において10mAh/g以上の放電容量を有する、請求項10に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 前記正極活物質は、
下記式(E1):
LiMn2-xMaxO4 (E1)
{式中、Maは、遷移金属から成る群より選ばれる1種以上を示し、かつxは、0.2≦x≦0.7の範囲内にある数である。}
で表される酸化物;
下記式(E2):
LiMn1-uMeuO2 (E2)
{式中、Meは、Mnを除く遷移金属から成る群より選ばれる1種以上を示し、かつuは、0.1≦u≦0.9の範囲内にある数である。}
で表される酸化物;
下記式(E3):
zLi2McO3-(1-z)LiMdO2 (E3)
{式中、Mc及びMdは、各々独立に、遷移金属から成る群より選ばれる1種以上を示し、かつzは、0.1≦z≦0.9の範囲内にある数である。}
で表される複合酸化物;
下記式(E4):
LiMb1-yFeyPO4 (E4)
{式中、Mbは、Mn及びCoから成る群より選ばれる1種以上を示し、かつyは、0≦y≦0.9の範囲内にある数である。}
で表される化合物;及び
下記式(E5):
Li2MfPO4F (E5)
{式中、Mfは、遷移金属から成る群より選ばれる1種以上を示す。}
で表される化合物;
から成る群より選ばれる1種以上である、請求項11に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。 - 満充電時におけるリチウム基準の正極電位が、4.1V(vsLi/Li+)以上である、請求項10~12のいずれか1項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- (a)リン原子及び/又はホウ素原子を有するプロトン酸、スルホン酸、及びカルボン酸から成る群より選ばれる酸の水素原子の少なくとも1つが下記一般式(A1):
で表されるシリル基で置換されたシリル基含有化合物(A)と;
(b)ルイス塩基及び一般式Q+Y-{式中、Q+は、4級アンモニウム基、4級ホスホニウム基、アルカリ金属、又はアルカリ土類金属を表し、かつY-は、アルコキシ基、又はアリールオキシ基を表す。}で表わされる化合物から成る群より選ばれる1種以上の塩基性化合物(B)、及び/又は下記一般式(C):
で表される1種以上のケイ素化合物(C)と;
を含む組成物であって、前記シリル基含有化合物(A)100質量%に対して、前記塩基性化合物(B)及び/又は前記ケイ素化合物(C)を1質量ppm以上100質量%以下含む組成物の電解液添加剤としての使用。 - 前記組成物は、前記シリル基含有化合物(A)100質量%に対して、前記塩基性化合物(B)及び/又は前記ケイ素化合物(C)を10質量ppm以上50質量%以下含む、請求項14に記載の使用。
- 前記組成物は、前記シリル基含有化合物(A)100質量%に対して、前記塩基性化合物(B)及び/又は前記ケイ素化合物(C)を0.1質量%以上10質量%以下含む、請求項15に記載の使用。
- 前記塩基性化合物(B)は、Si-N結合を有する化合物である、請求項14~16のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
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JP7062155B2 (ja) | 2017-08-16 | 2022-05-06 | エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド | 二次電池用電解質及びこれを含む二次電池 |
CN110945704A (zh) * | 2017-08-16 | 2020-03-31 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 二次电池用电解质和包含所述电解质的二次电池 |
US11699813B2 (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2023-07-11 | Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. | Electrolyte for secondary battery and secondary battery comprising same |
JP2020526885A (ja) * | 2017-08-16 | 2020-08-31 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 二次電池用電解質及びこれを含む二次電池 |
US11476500B2 (en) | 2018-02-12 | 2022-10-18 | Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. | Non-aqueous electrolyte solution for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery including the same |
JP2019194980A (ja) * | 2018-04-23 | 2019-11-07 | 寧徳時代新能源科技股▲分▼有限公司Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited | 電解液及リチウムイオン電池 |
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JPWO2020054866A1 (ja) * | 2018-09-14 | 2021-03-18 | 旭化成株式会社 | 非水系二次電池 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3038201A1 (en) | 2016-06-29 |
CN105745779B (zh) | 2021-02-05 |
KR20160040708A (ko) | 2016-04-14 |
CN105745779A (zh) | 2016-07-06 |
JPWO2015098471A1 (ja) | 2017-03-23 |
US20160248121A1 (en) | 2016-08-25 |
EP3038201A4 (en) | 2016-11-23 |
EP3038201B1 (en) | 2019-10-30 |
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