WO2015029504A1 - 次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法、次亜臭素酸安定化組成物、および分離膜のスライム抑制方法 - Google Patents
次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法、次亜臭素酸安定化組成物、および分離膜のスライム抑制方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
- C02F1/766—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens by means of halogens other than chlorine or of halogenated compounds containing halogen other than chlorine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/04—Feed pretreatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/08—Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B11/00—Oxides or oxyacids of halogens; Salts thereof
- C01B11/20—Oxygen compounds of bromine
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/04—Specific process operations in the feed stream; Feed pretreatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/12—Addition of chemical agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/16—Use of chemical agents
- B01D2321/162—Use of acids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/16—Use of chemical agents
- B01D2321/168—Use of other chemical agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/56—Polyamides, e.g. polyester-amides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
- C02F2103/023—Water in cooling circuits
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/20—Prevention of biofouling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a hypobromous acid stabilization composition for controlling biofouling of aqueous systems and to a hypobromous acid stabilization composition.
- the present invention also relates to a slime suppression method for separation membranes such as RO membranes.
- Sodium hypochlorite is mainly used as a bactericidal agent to control biofouling in water systems such as industrial water systems such as cooling water and paper making processes, but when higher bactericidal performance is sought, The use of a large amount of sodium chlorate may cause corrosion of piping and may cause odor problems. Therefore, in such a case, sodium hypobromous acid having higher bactericidal performance is used, but sodium hypobromous acid is unstable, and industrially, it is preferable to use a bromine compound such as sodium bromide and the A technique is employed in which sodium hypochlorite is generated in the system by mixing immediately before using sodium chlorite.
- a bromine compound such as sodium bromide
- hypobromous acid-stabilizing composition As a one-component hypobromous acid-stabilizing composition, various bromine oxide preparations comprising a bromine stabilizer such as sulfamic acid, bromine, hydroxide and the like have been proposed.
- a bromine stabilizer such as sulfamic acid, bromine, hydroxide and the like
- Patent documents 1 and 2 disclose a method of using hypochlorous acid generated by reacting a bromine compound using sodium hypochlorite as an oxidizing agent.
- Patent Document 1 is a method of adding sulfamic acid to a premix solution of sodium hypochlorite and a bromine compound
- Patent Document 2 is a method of adding a bromine compound to a premix solution of sodium hypochlorite and sulfamic acid. Is a method of adding It is recommended to add at a temperature of about 10 to about 45.degree.
- Example 2 of Patent Document 3 and Example 4 of Example 3 Patent Document 4 It is described in.
- another example of Example 2 of Patent Document 3 and Example 4 of Patent Document 4 have high corrosiveness and a serious problem
- another example of Example 2 of Patent Document 3 is a stimulus.
- this method also utilizes the oxidizing power of bromic acid generated during the reaction in terms of generation of a large amount of crystals.
- bromate remained in what was actually manufactured by the same method.
- Patent Document 5 Although there is a document which describes that hypobromous acid solution is temporarily used for washing the reverse osmosis membrane (Patent Document 5), it is only temporary because hypobromous acid itself is used. Even with such use, the membrane may be degraded. In addition, it is a cleaning application limited to temporary use, which is fundamentally different from the permanent slime suppression treatment in which the reverse osmosis membrane is continuously contacted.
- Patent Document 6 There is also a document (Patent Document 6) in which it is described that hypobromous acid is injected into the front stage of the reverse osmosis membrane, but only hypobromous acid itself is used. Further, the method of Patent Document 6 is a method as "pretreatment" of water flowing into the reverse osmosis membrane, and hypobromous acid in water is reductively decomposed immediately before flowing into the reverse osmosis membrane, and is continuous It is fundamentally different from permanent slime suppression treatment in which the reverse osmosis membrane is contacted.
- RO apparatus it is normal to adjust pH to the acidic side (for example, pH 4.0 grade
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a one-component hypobromous acid-stabilized composition substantially free of bromate ion, excellent in bactericidal performance, hardly corroding to metal, and excellent in storage stability And a hypobromous acid stabilizing composition.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for suppressing slime in a separation membrane, which has a sufficient slime suppressing effect by suppressing deterioration of the separation membrane and deterioration of the water quality such as treated water (permeated water) and concentrated water. .
- the present invention comprises the steps of adding bromine to a mixed solution containing water, an alkali hydroxide and sulfamic acid under an inert gas atmosphere and reacting them, wherein the addition rate of bromine is 25 weight to the total amount of the composition % Or less is a method for producing a hypobromous acid-stabilized composition.
- the method for producing the hypobromous acid stabilizing composition it is preferable to react the bromine under the condition that the oxygen concentration in the reactor is controlled to 6% or less.
- the reaction temperature at the time of addition of the bromine in a range of 0 ° C. or more and 25 ° C. or less.
- the ratio of the equivalent of the sulfamic acid to the equivalent of the bromine is preferably in the range of 1.01 to 1.1.
- the equivalent ratio of the sulfamic acid to the alkali hydroxide before addition of the bromine is preferably in the range of 0.28 to 0.35.
- the pH of the composition is preferably more than 13.5.
- an alkali hydroxide to the composition to set the pH to more than 13.5.
- the inert gas is preferably at least one of nitrogen and argon.
- the alkali hydroxide is preferably at least one of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
- the alkali hydroxide is preferably sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
- the present invention also includes the step of adding bromine to a mixed solution containing water, an alkali hydroxide and sulfamic acid under an inert gas atmosphere to make the reaction, wherein the addition ratio of bromine is relative to the amount of the whole composition It is a hypobromous acid stabilization composition manufactured by the method which is 25 weight% or less.
- the content of bromate ion is preferably less than 5 mg / kg.
- the present invention also relates to a hypobromous acid-stabilized composition obtained by the method for producing a hypobromous acid-stabilized composition described above in the feed water or wash water to a membrane separation apparatus provided with a separation membrane, or It is a slime suppression method of the separation membrane which makes a bromic acid stabilization composition exist.
- the separation membrane is preferably a polyamide polymer membrane.
- the said membrane separation apparatus is equipped with RO membrane as a separation membrane, and pH of the water supply to the said membrane separation apparatus is 5.5 or more.
- the concentration of bromate in the hypobromous acid stabilizing composition is less than 5 mg / kg.
- bromine is added to a mixed solution containing water, alkali hydroxide and sulfamic acid under an inert gas atmosphere and reacted to make the addition rate of bromine 25% by weight or less with respect to the total amount of the composition
- the method for producing a one-component hypobromous acid-stabilized composition substantially free of bromate ions, excellent in bactericidal performance, hardly corroding to metals, and excellent in storage stability Bromic acid stabilized compositions can be provided.
- the hypobromous acid-stabilized composition obtained by the method for producing a hypobromous acid-stabilized composition in the feed water or wash water to a membrane separation apparatus provided with a separation membrane or
- the bromic acid stabilizing composition By the presence of the bromic acid stabilizing composition, deterioration of the separation membrane and deterioration of the water quality such as treated water (permeated water) and concentrated water can be suppressed, and a sufficient slime suppressing effect can be obtained.
- Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
- the present embodiment is an example for implementing the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment.
- bromine is allowed to react with a mixture of water, alkali hydroxide and sulfamic acid under an inert gas atmosphere, preferably under a condition where the oxygen concentration in the reactor is controlled to 6% or less.
- an inert gas atmosphere preferably under a condition where the oxygen concentration in the reactor is controlled to 6% or less.
- hypobromite stabilized composition mainly sulfamate - hypobromite, sodium salt (- O-SO 2 -NH- Br, - O-SO 2 -NBr 2, and the other Containing stabilized hypobromite).
- the hypobromous acid stabilizing composition according to the present embodiment is obtained by adding bromine to a mixed solution containing water, an alkali hydroxide and sulfamic acid under an inert gas atmosphere to cause a reaction.
- the key to the method for producing the hypobromous acid stabilization composition according to the present embodiment is to react bromine in a mixed solution of water, an alkali hydroxide and sulfamic acid under an inert gas atmosphere.
- Patent Document 3 states that "the step of adding bromine or bromine chloride is carried out without exposing bromine to air", the method for removing oxygen in the reactor is not mentioned.
- Patent Document 3 states that "in order to prevent elemental bromine from being exposed to air, it is preferable to add bromine directly to the stabilization solution by means of a Teflon (registered trademark) tube". It does not mention the removal of oxygen and can not be a means to remove oxygen in the reaction vessel.
- the oxygen concentration in the reactor during the reaction of bromine is preferably 6% or less, more preferably 4% or less, still more preferably 2% or less, and particularly preferably 1% or less. If the oxygen concentration in the reactor during the reaction of bromine exceeds 6%, the amount of bromic acid produced in the reaction system may increase.
- the inert gas used for the reaction is not limited, but is preferably at least one of fluorine and argon from the viewpoint of production etc., and particularly preferably nitrogen from the viewpoint of production cost and the like.
- the addition rate of bromine is 25% by weight or less with respect to the total amount of the composition, and preferably 1% by weight or more and 20% by weight or less.
- the addition rate of bromine exceeds 25% by weight with respect to the total amount of the composition, the amount of generated bromic acid in the reaction system increases. If it is less than 1% by weight, control of biofouling may be inferior.
- the ratio of the equivalent of sulfamic acid to the equivalent of bromine is preferably in the range of 1.01 to 1.1, and more preferably in the range of 1.02 to 1.05. If the ratio of the equivalent of sulfamic acid to the equivalent of bromine is less than 1.01, the amount of bromate produced in the reaction system may increase, and if it exceeds 1.1, the corrosiveness may increase. .
- the pH of the composition is preferably above 13.5, and more preferably above 13.7. When the pH of the composition is 13.5 or less, corrosion may be high.
- the alkali hydroxide is added in its entirety before adding bromine, or in order to increase the accuracy of the final pH of the composition, add a portion to the composition after adding bromine, and the pH of the composition exceeds 13.5. It may be However, the pH is preferably 7 or more at the time of a mixture of water, alkali hydroxide and sulfamic acid.
- alkali hydroxide in place of sodium hydroxide, other alkali hydroxides such as potassium hydroxide may be used, or may be used in combination.
- sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide may be used in combination from the viewpoint of product stability at low temperatures and the like.
- the alkali hydroxide may be used in solid form or as an aqueous solution.
- the equivalent ratio of sulfamic acid to alkali hydroxide before addition of bromine is in the range of 0.28 to 0.35. Is preferred. If the equivalent ratio of sulfamic acid to alkali hydroxide before addition of bromine is less than 0.28, bromate ions may be formed, and if it exceeds 0.35, corrosiveness may be increased. .
- the reaction temperature at the time of bromine addition is preferably controlled in the range of 0 ° C. or more and 25 ° C. or less, but is more preferably controlled in the range of 0 ° C. or more and 15 ° C. or less from the viewpoint of production cost.
- the reaction temperature at the time of bromine addition exceeds 25 ° C., the amount of bromic acid produced in the reaction system may increase, and when it is less than 0 ° C., freezing may occur.
- the sulfamic acid-hypobromous acid sodium salt composition substantially does not contain bromate ion, and the composition is made of a metal material It can be handled safely because it hardly corrodes even when in contact with it.
- the hypobromous acid-stabilized composition obtained by the method for producing a hypobromous acid-stabilized composition according to the present embodiment is substantially free of bromate ion, and the content of bromate ion is, for example, 5 mg / day. It is less than kg.
- substantially free of bromate ions means achieving below the detection limit using an analytical technique that can be the best available technology (BAT).
- the ion chromatography method is shown as an analysis method of bromate ion in patent document 3 and it is described that it is less than 50 mg / L of a detection lower limit
- the post column-ion chromatography method which the present inventors used Is used to achieve a lower limit of detection of 5 mg / kg, ie 5 to 50 mg / kg of bromate ions can be detected, and indeed, as shown in the examples below, in a hypobromous acid stabilized composition In some cases, 5 to 50 mg / kg of bromate ion was detected.
- the evaluation standard value of bromic acid is set at 0.005 mg / L.
- bromate stabilization composition Detecting 5 to 50 mg / kg of bromate ion in the composition, and considering bromine in the composition, considering that the bromate stabilization composition is used, for example, diluted 10,000 to 100,000 times It is very significant to achieve an acid ion content of less than 5 mg / kg.
- the effective bromine concentration contained in the composition is preferably in the range of 1% by weight to 25% by weight, and more preferably in the range of 1% by weight to 20% by weight, based on the total amount of the composition. If the effective bromine concentration is less than 1% by weight based on the total amount of the composition, the control of biofouling may be inferior, and if it exceeds 25% by weight, the amount of generated bromate in the reaction system may increase. There is.
- composition for controlling the biofouling of the water system is brought into contact with the metal material.
- the composition for controlling the biofouling of the water system is often injected into the system using a chemical injection device, and since the composition is not diluted and used as a stock solution, the injection piping may be corroded or It is desirable to avoid problems such as corrosion of connecting piping from the line to the target water treatment system.
- corrosion problems in sodium hypochlorite solution and the like have not yet been fundamentally solved, and for example, Patent Document 3 also describes that a stable oxidized bromine compound is a "corrosive solution", In fact, high metal corrosion results were obtained.
- a corrosion rate (MDD) described later is a criterion that hardly causes corrosion even when the hypobromous acid stabilizing composition is brought into contact with a metal material.
- the method for producing a hypobromous acid-stabilized composition according to the present embodiment is substantially free of bromate ions, excellent in bactericidal performance, hardly corroded with metals, and stable in storage stability. An excellent one-component hypobromous acid-stabilized composition is obtained.
- hypobromous acid stabilizing composition according to the present embodiment can be used, for example, as a bactericide for controlling biofouling in an industrial water system such as cooling water, or in an aqueous system such as a papermaking process.
- the method for suppressing slime of a separation membrane comprises stabilizing the hypobromous acid obtained by the method for producing the above-mentioned hypobromous acid-stabilized composition in water supply or washing water to a membrane separation apparatus equipped with a separation membrane Method of making the composition present.
- the method for suppressing slime in a separation membrane comprises reacting a “bromine-based oxidizing agent” or a “bromine compound with a chlorine-based oxidizing agent in water supplied to a membrane separation apparatus equipped with the separation membrane or in washing water”. Substance and a sulfamic acid compound are present. It is believed that this produces a hypobromous acid stabilized composition in the feed or wash water.
- a reaction product of a bromine-based oxidizing agent and a sulfamic acid compound or “water reaction to a membrane separation device equipped with a separation membrane” or It is a method in which a hypobromous acid stabilizing composition, which is a reaction product of a reaction product of a bromine compound and a chlorine-based oxidizing agent, and a sulfamic acid compound is present.
- the method for suppressing slime of a separation membrane comprises, for example, “bromine”, “bromine chloride” or “sodium bromide” in the feed water or wash water to a membrane separation apparatus equipped with a separation membrane. It is a method in which a “reactant with hypochlorous acid” and a “sulfamic acid compound” are present.
- the method for suppressing slime in a separation membrane includes, for example, “reaction product of bromine and a sulfamic acid compound”, “bromine chloride,” in feed water or wash water to a membrane separation apparatus equipped with a separation membrane. Or a reaction product of a reaction product of sodium bromide and hypochlorous acid with a sulfamic acid compound.
- a "bromine-based oxidizing agent” or a "reactant of a bromine compound and a chlorine-based oxidizing agent” which comprises the above-mentioned hypobromous acid-stabilized composition obtained by the method for producing the above-mentioned hypobromous acid-stabilized composition
- the slime of the separation membrane can be suppressed by the presence of the “sulfamic acid compound” and the presence of these reaction products.
- membrane contamination by microorganisms can be reliably suppressed without substantially degrading the performance of the separation membrane.
- the slime suppression method of the separation membrane according to the present embodiment makes it possible to perform slime suppression processing in which the influence on the membrane performance and the post-stage water quality is minimized while having a high slime suppression effect.
- hypobromous acid-stabilized composition obtained by the above-described method for producing a hypobromous acid-stabilized composition may be injected into a water supply to the membrane separation apparatus or washing water by a chemical injection pump or the like.
- bromine-based oxidizing agent or “reactant of bromine compound and chlorine-based oxidizing agent” and “sulfamic acid compound” are injected into a feed water or wash water to a membrane separation apparatus by a dosing pump or the like. do it.
- the "bromine-based oxidizing agent” or the "reactant of a bromine compound and a chlorine-based oxidizing agent” and the “sulfamic acid compound” may be separately added to the water system, or they may be mixed with each other before being added to the water system. You may add.
- reaction product of a bromine-based oxidizing agent and a sulfamic acid compound or “a reactant of a bromine compound and a chlorine-based oxidizing agent, and a sulfamic acid compound
- the reaction product of (1) may be injected by a chemical pump or the like.
- the ratio of the equivalent of “sulfamic acid compound” to the equivalent of “bromine-based oxidizing agent” or “reactant of bromine compound and chlorine-based oxidizing agent” is preferably 1 or more, and is in the range of 1 or more and 2 or less. Is more preferred. If the ratio of the equivalent of “sulfamic acid compound” to the equivalent of “bromine-based oxidizing agent” or “reactant of bromine compound and chlorine-based oxidizing agent” is less than 1, the membrane may be deteriorated, and If exceeded, the manufacturing cost may increase.
- the effective halogen concentration in contact with the separation membrane is preferably 0.01 to 100 mg / L in terms of effective chlorine concentration. If it is less than 0.01 mg / L, sufficient slime suppression effect may not be obtained, and if it is more than 100 mg / L, the separation membrane may be deteriorated and piping etc. may be corroded.
- Bromine-based oxidizing agents include bromine (liquid bromine), bromine chloride, bromate, bromate and the like.
- formulations of "bromine and sulfamic acid compound” or “reaction product of bromine and sulfamic acid compound” using bromine are formulations of "hypochlorous acid and bromine compound and sulfamic acid” and "bromine chloride Compared to the formulation of “sulfamate and sulfamic acid”, and the leakage amount of effective halogen to membrane permeated water such as RO permeated water is smaller than RO membrane etc., so slime inhibitors for separation membranes such as RO membrane etc. Is more preferable.
- bromine and a sulfamic acid compound be present in the water supplied to the membrane separation device provided with the separation membrane or in the washing water.
- reaction product of bromine and a sulfamic acid compound be present in the feed water or wash water to the membrane separation apparatus provided with the separation membrane.
- bromine compounds examples include sodium bromide, potassium bromide, lithium bromide and hydrobromic acid.
- sodium bromide is preferable in terms of formulation cost and the like.
- chlorine-based oxidizing agent for example, chlorine gas, chlorine dioxide, hypochlorous acid or its salt, chlorous acid or its salt, chloric acid or its salt, perchloric acid or its salt, chlorinated isocyanuric acid or its salt Etc.
- alkali metal hypochlorite such as sodium hypochlorite and potassium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, alkaline earth hypochlorite such as barium hypochlorite and the like
- Metal salts alkali metal chlorite such as sodium chlorite and potassium chlorite, alkaline earth metal chlorite such as barium chlorite, and other metal chlorite such as nickel chlorite
- alkali metal salts of chlorate such as ammonium chlorate, sodium chlorate and potassium chlorate, and alkali earth metal chlorates such as calcium chlorate and barium chlorate.
- chlorine-based oxidizing agents may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
- sodium hypochlorite is preferably used in terms of handleability and the like.
- the sulfamic acid compound is a compound represented by the following general formula (1).
- R 2 NSO 3 H (1) (Wherein, R is independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms).
- sulfamic acid compound for example, besides sulfamic acid (amidosulfuric acid) in which both of two R groups are hydrogen atoms, N-methylsulfamic acid, N-ethylsulfamic acid, N-propylsulfamic acid, N- A sulfamic acid compound in which one of two R groups such as isopropylsulfamic acid and N-butylsulfamic acid is a hydrogen atom and the other is an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, N, N-dimethylsulfamic acid, N, Two R groups such as N-diethylsulfamic acid, N, N-dipropylsulfamic acid, N, N-dibutylsulfamic acid, N-methyl-N-ethylsulfamic acid, N-methyl-N-propylsulfamic acid, etc.
- R groups such as sulfamic acid compounds and N-phenylsulfamic acid, both of which are alkyl groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms Is a hydrogen atom and the other sulfamic acid compound or a salt thereof, such as an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- sulfamate salts include alkali metal salts such as sodium salts and potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salts, strontium salts and barium salts, manganese salts, copper salts, zinc salts, iron salts, cobalt salts, Other metal salts such as nickel salts, ammonium salts and guanidine salts can be mentioned.
- the sulfamic acid compounds and their salts may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- sulfamic acid compound sulfamic acid (amidosulfuric acid) is preferably used from the viewpoint of environmental load and the like.
- an alkali may be further present.
- the alkali include alkali hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
- Sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide may be used in combination from the viewpoint of product stability at low temperature and the like.
- the alkali is not solid but may be used as an aqueous solution.
- separation membranes examples include reverse osmosis membranes (RO membranes), nanofiltration membranes (NF membranes), microfiltration membranes (MF membranes), ultrafiltration membranes (UF membranes) and the like.
- RO membranes reverse osmosis membranes
- NF membranes nanofiltration membranes
- MF membranes microfiltration membranes
- UF membranes ultrafiltration membranes
- the slime suppression method of the separation membrane according to the embodiment of the present invention can be suitably applied to the reverse osmosis membrane (RO membrane) in particular.
- the slime suppression method of the separation membrane according to the embodiment of the present invention can be suitably applied to a polyamide-based polymer membrane, which is currently mainstream as a reverse osmosis membrane.
- the polyamide-based polymer membrane has a relatively low resistance to an oxidizing agent, and when free chlorine and the like are continuously brought into contact with the polyamide-based polymer membrane, the membrane performance significantly decreases.
- the method for suppressing slime in the separation membrane according to the present embodiment such a remarkable decrease in the membrane performance hardly occurs even in the polyamide polymer membrane.
- the pH of water supplied to the RO apparatus is preferably 5.5 or more, 6.0 It is more preferable that it is the above, and it is further more preferable that it is 6.5 or more. If the pH of the water supplied to the RO device is less than 5.5, the amount of permeated water may decrease.
- the upper limit of the pH of water supplied to the RO device is not particularly limited as long as it is equal to or lower than the application upper limit pH (for example, pH 10) of ordinary RO membranes, but considering scale precipitation of hardness components such as calcium,
- the pH is preferably operated at, for example, 9.0 or less.
- the slime suppression method of the separation membrane according to the present embodiment When the slime suppression method of the separation membrane according to the present embodiment is used, the deterioration of the RO membrane and the deterioration of the water quality of the treated water (permeated water) are suppressed by operating the pH of the water supplied to the RO device at 5.5 or more. Also, it is possible to secure a sufficient amount of permeated water while exhibiting a sufficient slime suppression effect.
- a dispersant may be used in combination with the hypobromous acid stabilization composition for scale suppression.
- the dispersant include polyacrylic acid, polymaleic acid, phosphonic acid and the like.
- the amount of dispersant added to the water supply is, for example, in the range of 0.1 to 1,000 mg / L as the concentration in RO concentrated water.
- the RO concentration is made less than the silica concentration in RO concentrated water and the Langeria index which is an index of calcium scale is less than 0. Adjustment of the operating conditions such as the recovery rate of
- RO apparatus seawater desalination, drainage recovery, etc. are mentioned, for example.
- the slime inhibitor composition for a separation membrane contains the hypobromous acid stabilizing composition obtained by the method for producing the above-mentioned hypobromous acid stabilizing composition, and further contains an alkali. May be
- the slime inhibitor composition for a separation membrane contains “a bromine-based oxidizing agent” or “a reactant of a bromine compound and a chlorine-based oxidizing agent” and a “sulfamic acid compound”. And may further contain an alkali.
- the slime inhibitor composition for a separation membrane is “a reaction product of a bromine-based oxidizing agent and a sulfamic acid compound” or “a reaction product of a bromine compound and a chlorine-based oxidizing agent, sulfamic acid
- the reaction product of "the compound and” may be contained, and it may further contain an alkali.
- the bromine-based oxidizing agent, the bromine compound, the chlorine-based oxidizing agent and the sulfamic acid compound are as described above.
- the slime inhibitor composition for a separation membrane since the RO membrane and the like are not further degraded and the amount of leak of effective halogen to membrane permeated water such as RO permeated water is smaller, bromine and sulfamate Those containing a compound or those containing a reaction product of bromine and a sulfamic acid compound are preferred.
- the slime inhibitor composition for a separation membrane according to the present embodiment has high oxidizing power and extremely high slime inhibitory power and slime peeling power, as compared with combined chlorine slime inhibitors such as chlorosulfamic acid. Also, it does not cause significant film deterioration such as hypochlorous acid and hypobromous acid, which have high oxidizing power. At normal use concentrations, the impact on membrane degradation can be substantially ignored. For this reason, it is optimal as a slime inhibitor for separation membranes such as RO membranes.
- the slime inhibitor composition for a separation membrane according to this embodiment hardly permeates the RO membrane, so there is almost no influence on treated water quality. Moreover, since the concentration can be measured on site in the same manner as hypochlorous acid etc., more accurate concentration control is possible.
- the pH of the composition is, for example, more than 13.0, more preferably more than 13.2.
- the pH of the composition is 13.0 or less, the effective halogen in the composition may become unstable.
- the bromate concentration in the separation membrane slime inhibitor composition is preferably less than 5 mg / kg.
- concentration of bromate in the slime inhibitor composition for a separation membrane is 5 mg / kg or more, the concentration of bromate ions in the permeate may increase.
- the slime inhibitor composition for a separation membrane mixes a bromine-based oxidizing agent and a sulfamic acid compound, or mixes a reaction product of a bromine compound and a chlorine-based oxidizing agent with a sulfamic acid compound. And alkali may be further mixed.
- a slime inhibitor composition for separation membranes containing bromine and a sulfamic acid compound, or a slime inhibitor composition for separation membranes containing a reaction product of bromine and a sulfamic acid compound water
- the bromate ion concentration in the composition is lowered, and the bromate ion concentration in the permeated water such as RO permeated water is lowered.
- the inert gas used is not limited, but is preferably at least one of fluorine and argon from the viewpoint of production and the like, and particularly preferably nitrogen from the viewpoint of production cost and the like.
- the oxygen concentration in the reactor at the time of addition of bromine is preferably 6% or less, more preferably 4% or less, still more preferably 2% or less, and particularly preferably 1% or less. If the oxygen concentration in the reactor during the reaction of bromine exceeds 6%, the amount of bromic acid produced in the reaction system may increase.
- the addition rate of bromine is preferably 25% by weight or less based on the total amount of the composition, and more preferably 1% by weight or more and 20% by weight or less. If the addition rate of bromine exceeds 25% by weight with respect to the total amount of the composition, the amount of bromic acid produced in the reaction system may increase. When it is less than 1% by weight, the bactericidal activity may be poor.
- the reaction temperature at the time of bromine addition is preferably controlled in the range of 0 ° C. or more and 25 ° C. or less, but is more preferably controlled in the range of 0 ° C. or more and 15 ° C. or less from the viewpoint of production cost.
- the reaction temperature at the time of bromine addition exceeds 25 ° C., the amount of bromic acid produced in the reaction system may increase, and when it is less than 0 ° C., freezing may occur.
- Example 1 Into a 2 L 4-neck flask sealed by continuous injection while controlling the flow rate of nitrogen gas with a mass flow controller so that the oxygen concentration in the reaction vessel is maintained at 1%, 1453 g of water and 361 g of sodium hydroxide are added and mixed Then, 300 g of sulfamic acid was added and mixed, while maintaining cooling so that the temperature of the reaction solution became 0 to 15 ° C., 456 g of liquid bromine was added, and further 230 g of 48% potassium hydroxide solution was added, An objective hypobromous acid-stabilized composition having a weight ratio of 10.7% of sulfamic acid, 16.3% of bromine and an equivalent ratio of sulfamic acid to equivalent of bromine of 1.08 by weight ratio to the total amount of the composition is obtained.
- the pH of the resulting solution was 14.0 as measured by the glass electrode method.
- the bromine content of the resulting solution is 16.3% as determined by a redox titration method using sodium thiosulfate after converting bromine to iodine with potassium iodide, and the theoretical content (16.3% 100.0% of the Moreover, the oxygen concentration in the reaction container in the case of a bromine reaction was measured using "Oxygen monitor JKO-02 LJDII" manufactured by Zico Corporation.
- bromate ion concentration was determined by the postcolumn-ion chromatography method according to the analysis method of "JWWA K 120 (2008) Sodium hypochlorite for water 5.4.5 bromic acid for water use”. As a result of measuring by, the bromate ion concentration was less than 5 mg / kg of the lower limit of detection.
- the test piece (SS-400) is washed with 15% hydrochloric acid to which a corrosion inhibitor for acid washing (Asahi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., “Ivit”) is added, and the mass loss is determined.
- the number of mg of corrosion loss per day to the surface area of 1 dm 2 of the test piece, that is, the MDD (mg / dm 2 ⁇ day) was determined by the following equation to be 0.4.
- W (M1-M2) / (S ⁇ T)
- W Corrosion rate (MDD)
- M1 Mass of test piece before test (mg)
- M2 Mass of test piece after test (mg)
- S Surface area of test piece (dm 2 )
- T It is the number of examination days.
- Example 2 As a result of synthesizing under the same conditions as Example 1 while controlling the flow rate of nitrogen gas with a mass flow controller so that the oxygen concentration in the reaction vessel is maintained at 4%, the bromate ion concentration in the solution stock solution is detected It was less than 5 mg / kg of the lower limit value. Moreover, the corrosion rate (MDD) by a corrosion test was 0.6.
- Example 36 The aqueous solution synthesized in Example 8, Example 15, and Example 16 was subjected to a low temperature storage test for 10 days using a constant temperature bath at -10.degree. As a result, only Example 8 did not freeze. From this, it was found that by using sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide in combination, a larger freezing point depression is obtained and the product stability at low temperature is excellent.
- bromine is added to the mixed solution containing water, alkali hydroxide and sulfamic acid under an inert gas atmosphere and reacted, and the addition rate of bromine is 25% by weight or less with respect to the total amount of the composition
- hypochlorous acid hypobromous acid, which are general slime inhibitors
- Example 37 Liquid nitrogen: 16.9 wt% (wt%), sulfamic acid: 10.7 wt%, sodium hydroxide: 12.9 wt%, potassium hydroxide: 3.94 wt%, water under a nitrogen atmosphere The ingredients were mixed to prepare a composition. The pH of the composition was 14, and the effective halogen concentration (effective chlorine equivalent concentration) was 7.5% by weight. The detailed preparation method of the composition of Example 37 is as follows.
- the bromine content of the resulting solution is 16.9% as determined by a redox titration method using sodium thiosulfate after converting bromine to iodine with potassium iodide, and the theoretical content (16.9% 100.0% of the Moreover, the oxygen concentration in the reaction container in the case of a bromine reaction was measured using "Oxygen monitor JKO-02 LJDII" manufactured by Zico Corporation. The bromate concentration was less than 5 mg / kg.
- Example 38 Sodium bromide: 11% by weight, 12% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite: 50% by weight, sodium sulfamate: 14% by weight, sodium hydroxide: 8% by weight, water: the rest are mixed to prepare a composition did. The pH of the composition was 14, and the effective halogen concentration (effective chlorine equivalent concentration) was 6% by weight.
- the detailed preparation method of the composition of Example 38 is as follows.
- Example 39 Each composition of Example 38 was separately added to water.
- Example 40 A composition containing bromine chloride, sodium sulfamate, sodium hydroxide was used. The pH of the composition was 14, and the effective halogen concentration (effective chlorine equivalent concentration) was 7% by weight.
- Comparative Example 8 A 12% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution was used.
- Comparative Example 10 A composition was prepared by mixing a 12% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite: 50% by weight, sulfamic acid: 10% by weight, sodium hydroxide: 8% by weight, water: balance. The pH of the composition was 14, and the effective halogen concentration (effective chlorine equivalent concentration) was 6% by weight.
- Test apparatus Flat membrane test apparatus Separation membrane: Polyamide-based polymer reverse osmosis membrane ES20 manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation ⁇ Operating pressure: 0.75MPa Raw water: Sagami Harai water (pH 7.2, conductivity 240 ⁇ S / cm) Drug: The compositions prepared in Examples 37, 38, 40, Comparative Examples 8 and 10, and each composition of Example 39 and Comparative Example 9 have an effective halogen concentration (effective chlorine equivalent concentration) of 10 mg / L. As added
- Examples 37 to 40 maintained high rejection rates of RO membranes, had low effective halogen concentration (effective chlorine equivalent concentration) of the permeate, and had high oxidizing power and high bactericidal activity. Among Examples 37 to 40, Example 37 retained the highest rejection rate of the RO membrane, and the effective halogen concentration (effective chlorine equivalent concentration) of the permeate was the lowest.
- Comparative Example 8 Although the oxidizing power and the bactericidal activity were high, the rejection rate of the RO membrane decreased, and the effective halogen concentration (effective chlorine equivalent concentration) of the permeate was also high. In Comparative Example 9, although the oxidizing power and the bactericidal activity were high, the effective halogen concentration (effective chlorine equivalent concentration) of the permeate was high. In Comparative Example 10, the rejection rate of the RO membrane was hardly reduced, and although the effective halogen concentration (effective chlorine equivalent concentration) of the permeate was low, the oxidizing power was low and the bactericidal activity was also low.
- Example 41 In the same manner as in Example 37, under a nitrogen atmosphere, liquid bromine: 17 wt% (wt%), sulfamic acid: 10.7 wt%, sodium hydroxide: 12.9 wt%, potassium hydroxide: 3.95.
- the composition was prepared by mixing% by weight, water: the remainder.
- the composition had a pH of 14, an effective halogen concentration (effective chlorine equivalent concentration) of 7.5% by weight, and a bromate concentration of less than 5 mg / kg.
- Example 42 Liquid bromine: 17% by weight (wt%), sulfamic acid: 10.7% by weight, sodium hydroxide: 12.9% by weight, potassium hydroxide: 3.95% by weight under the atmosphere without nitrogen purge. Water: The remainder was mixed to prepare a composition. The pH of the composition was 14, the effective halogen concentration (effective chlorine equivalent concentration) was 7.4% by weight, and the bromic acid concentration was 63 mg / kg.
- Test apparatus Flat membrane test apparatus Separation membrane: Polyamide-based polymer reverse osmosis membrane ES20 manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation ⁇ Operating pressure: 0.75MPa Raw water: Sagami Harai water (pH 7.2, conductivity 240 ⁇ S / cm) Drug: The compositions prepared in Examples 5 and 6 were added so that the effective halogen concentration (effective chlorine equivalent concentration) would be 50 mg / L.
- Example 41 the concentration of bromate ions in the feed water and the permeate water was less than 1 ⁇ g / L.
- Example 42 the bromate ion concentration in the feed water and the permeate was higher than that in Example 5.
- Test apparatus Flat membrane test apparatus Separation membrane: Polyamide-based polymer reverse osmosis membrane ES20 manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation ⁇ Operating pressure: 0.75MPa
- Raw water Sagami Harai water (pH 7.2, conductivity 240 ⁇ S / cm)
- Drug The composition prepared in Example 1 was added to have an effective halogen concentration (effective chlorine equivalent concentration) of 1 mg / L.
- Examples 43-1 to 43-10 no reduction in rejection was observed, and deterioration of the RO film was suppressed (the rejection of RO film after 120 hours is 99% or more).
- the rejection of RO film after 120 hours is 99% or more.
- no significant decrease in the amount of permeated water was observed (the amount of permeated water of the RO membrane was maintained at 80% or more of the initial value after passing water for 24 hours).
- no decrease in rejection was observed, and although the deterioration of the RO membrane was suppressed, the amount of permeated water decreased.
Abstract
Description
2Br-+BrO3 -+3H+ → 3HBrO (2)
HBrO+-O-SO2-NH2 → -O-SO2-NH-Br,-O-SO2-NBr2,および他の安定した酸化臭素化合物 (3)
Br-+3/2O2 → BrO3 -
本発明の実施形態に係る分離膜のスライム抑制方法は、分離膜を備える膜分離装置への給水または洗浄水中に、上記次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法により得られる次亜臭素酸安定化組成物を存在させる方法である。
R2NSO3H (1)
(式中、Rは独立して水素原子または炭素数1~8のアルキル基である。)
本実施形態に係る分離膜用スライム抑制剤組成物は、上記次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法により得られる次亜臭素酸安定化組成物を含有するものであり、さらにアルカリを含有してもよい。
本実施形態に係る分離膜用スライム抑制剤組成物は、臭素系酸化剤とスルファミン酸化合物とを混合する、または臭素化合物と塩素系酸化剤との反応物と、スルファミン酸化合物とを混合することにより得られ、さらにアルカリを混合してもよい。
反応容器内の酸素濃度が1%に維持されるように、窒素ガスの流量をマスフローコントローラでコントロールしながら連続注入で封入した2Lの4つロフラスコに1453gの水、361gの水酸化ナトリウムを加え混合し、次いで300gのスルファミン酸を加え混合した後、反応液の温度が0~15℃になるように冷却を維持しながら、456gの液体臭素を加え、さらに48%水酸化カリウム溶液230gを加え、組成物全体の量に対する重量比でスルファミン酸10.7%、臭素16.3%、臭素の当量に対するスルファミン酸の当量比が1.08である、目的の次亜臭素酸安定化組成物を得た。生じた溶液のpHは、ガラス電極法にて測定したところ、14.0であった。生じた溶液の臭素含有率は、臭素をヨウ化カリウムによりヨウ素に転換後、チオ硫酸ナトリウムを用いて酸化還元滴定する方法により測定したところ16.3%であり、理論含有率(16.3%)の100.0%であった。また、臭素反応の際の反応容器内の酸素濃度は、株式会社ジコー製の「酸素モニタJKO-02 LJDII」を用いて測定した。
[試験条件]
試験片:SS-400(#400)
試験片表面積:0.01dm2(1mm×10mm×10mm)
試験温度:25℃
試験期間:3日間
評価項目:腐食速度(MDD)
W=(M1-M2)/(S×T)
ここで、W:腐食速度(MDD)、M1:試験片の試験前の質量(mg)、M2:試験片の試験後の質量(mg)、S:試験片の表面積(dm2)、T:試験日数である。
反応容器内の酸素濃度が4%に維持されるように、窒素ガスの流量をマスフローコントローラでコントロールしながら、実施例1と同様の条件で合成した結果、溶液原液中の臭素酸イオン濃度は検出下限値の5mg/kg未満であった。また腐食試験による腐食速度(MDD)は0.6であった。
表1に示す条件で実施例1と同様にして、サンプルを合成し、臭素酸イオン濃度および腐食性(腐食速度)を評価した。不活性ガスで置換していない場合の酸素濃度は実測していないが、大気中の酸素濃度21%前後と考えられる。結果を表1、表2に示す。
実施例8、実施例15および実施例16で合成した水溶液を-10℃の恒温槽を用いて、10日間、低温保存試験を実施した。その結果、実施例8のみが凍結しなかった。このことから、水酸化ナトリウムと水酸化カリウムとを併用することで、より大きな凝固点降下が得られ、低温時の製品安定性に優れることがわかった。
[組成物の調製]
窒素雰囲気下で、液体臭素:16.9重量%(wt%)、スルファミン酸:10.7重量%、水酸化ナトリウム:12.9重量%、水酸化カリウム:3.94重量%、水:残分を混合して、組成物を調製した。組成物のpHは14、有効ハロゲン濃度(有効塩素換算濃度)は7.5重量%であった。実施例37の組成物の詳細な調製方法は以下の通りである。
臭化ナトリウム:11重量%、12%次亜塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液:50重量%、スルファミン酸ナトリウム:14重量%、水酸化ナトリウム:8重量%、水:残分を混合して、組成物を調製した。組成物のpHは14、有効ハロゲン濃度(有効塩素換算濃度)は6重量%であった。実施例38の組成物の詳細な調製方法は以下の通りである。
実施例38の各組成を水中に別々に添加した。
塩化臭素、スルファミン酸ナトリウム、水酸化ナトリウムを含有する組成物を使用した。組成物のpHは14、有効ハロゲン濃度(有効塩素換算濃度)は7重量%であった。
12%次亜塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液を使用した。
臭化ナトリウム:15重量%、12%次亜塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液:42.4重量%、を水中に別々に添加した。
12%次亜塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液:50重量%、スルファミン酸:10重量%、水酸化ナトリウム:8重量%、水:残分を混合して、組成物を調製した。組成物のpHは14、有効ハロゲン濃度(有効塩素換算濃度)は6重量%であった。
以下の条件で、逆浸透膜装置の原水に、実施例37,38,40、比較例8,10で調製した組成物、および実施例39、比較例9の各組成を添加して、RO膜の排除率への影響、透過水への影響、酸化力を比較した。
・試験装置:平膜試験装置
・分離膜:日東電工(株)製、ポリアミド系高分子逆浸透膜 ES20
・運転圧力:0.75MPa
・原水:相模原井水(pH7.2、導電率240μS/cm)
・薬剤:実施例37,38,40、比較例8,10で調製した組成物、および実施例39、比較例9の各組成を、有効ハロゲン濃度(有効塩素換算濃度)として10mg/Lとなるように添加
・RO膜の排除率への影響:30日通水後の導電率排除率(%)
(100-[透過水導電率/給水導電率]×100)
・透過水への影響:薬剤添加1時間後の透過水中の有効ハロゲン濃度(有効塩素換算濃度、mg/L)を、残留塩素測定装置(Hach社製、「DR-4000」)を使用してDPD法により測定
・酸化力:1時間後の給水の酸化還元電位(ORP)を、酸化還元電位測定装置(東亜DKK製、RM-20P型ORP計)を使用して測定
以下の条件で、模擬水に実施例37,38,40、比較例8,10で調製した組成物、および実施例39、比較例9の各組成を添加して、殺菌力を比較した。
・水:相模原井水に普通ブイヨンを添加し、一般細菌数が105CFU/mlとなるよう調整した模擬水
・薬剤:実施例37,38,40、比較例8,10で調製した組成物、および実施例39、比較例9の各組成を、有効ハロゲン濃度(有効塩素換算濃度)として1mg/Lとなるよう添加(有効ハロゲン濃度の測定方法:残留塩素測定装置(Hach社製、「DR-4000」)を使用してDPD法により測定)
・薬剤添加後24時間後の一般細菌数を菌数測定キット(三愛石油製、バイオチェッカーTTC)を使用して測定
組成物調製時の窒素ガスパージの有無による透過水の臭素酸イオンの濃度を比較した。
実施例37と同様にして、窒素雰囲気下で、液体臭素:17重量%(wt%)、スルファミン酸:10.7重量%、水酸化ナトリウム:12.9重量%、水酸化カリウム:3.95重量%、水:残分を混合して、組成物を調製した。組成物のpHは14、有効ハロゲン濃度(有効塩素換算濃度)は7.5重量%であり、臭素酸濃度は5mg/kg未満であった。
窒素パージを行わず、大気下で、液体臭素:17重量%(wt%)、スルファミン酸:10.7重量%、水酸化ナトリウム:12.9重量%、水酸化カリウム:3.95重量%、水:残分を混合して、組成物を調製した。組成物のpHは14、有効ハロゲン濃度(有効塩素換算濃度)は7.4重量%であり、臭素酸濃度は63mg/kgであった。
・試験装置:平膜試験装置
・分離膜:日東電工(株)製、ポリアミド系高分子逆浸透膜 ES20
・運転圧力:0.75MPa
・原水:相模原井水(pH7.2、導電率240μS/cm)
・薬剤:実施例5,6で調製した組成物を、有効ハロゲン濃度(有効塩素換算濃度)として50mg/Lとなるように添加
・透過水の臭素酸イオン濃度を、イオンクロマトグラフ-ポストカラム吸光光度法で測定した。
RO装置への給水のpHによる透過水量、膜排除率への影響を比較した。
・試験装置:平膜試験装置
・分離膜:日東電工(株)製、ポリアミド系高分子逆浸透膜 ES20
・運転圧力:0.75MPa
・原水:相模原井水(pH7.2、導電率240μS/cm)
・薬剤:実施例1で調製した組成物を、有効ハロゲン濃度(有効塩素換算濃度)として1mg/Lとなるよう添加(有効ハロゲン濃度の測定方法:残留塩素測定装置(Hach社製、「DR-4000」)を使用してDPD法により測定)
・RO膜給水pH:4.0(実施例43-1),5.0(実施例43-2),5.5(実施例43-3),6.0(実施例43-4),6.5(実施例43-5),7.0(実施例43-6),7.5(実施例43-7),8.0(実施例43-8),8.5(実施例43-9),9.0(実施例43-10)
・RO膜の排除率への影響:120時間通水後の導電率排除率(%)
(100-[透過水導電率/給水導電率]×100)
・透過水量への影響:24時間通水後の透過水量の保持率(%,対初期値)
Claims (16)
- 水、水酸化アルカリおよびスルファミン酸を含む混合液に臭素を不活性ガス雰囲気下で添加して反応させる工程を含み、
前記臭素の添加率が組成物全体の量に対して25重量%以下であることを特徴とする次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法。 - 請求項1に記載の次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法であって、
反応器内の酸素濃度を6%以下に制御した条件で前記臭素を反応させることを特徴とする次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法。 - 請求項1または2に記載の次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法であって、
前記臭素の添加の際の反応温度を0℃以上25℃以下の範囲に制御することを特徴とする次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法であって、
前記臭素の当量に対する前記スルファミン酸の当量の比が、1.01~1.1の範囲であることを特徴とする次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法であって、
前記臭素の添加前における前記スルファミン酸の前記水酸化アルカリに対する当量比が0.28~0.35の範囲であることを特徴とする次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法。 - 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法であって、
組成物のpHが13.5超であることを特徴とする次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法。 - 請求項6に記載の次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法であって、
前記組成物に水酸化アルカリを追加し、pHを13.5超とすることを特徴とする次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法。 - 請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法であって、
前記不活性ガスが、窒素およびアルゴンのうちの少なくとも1つであることを特徴とする次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法。 - 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法であって、
前記水酸化アルカリが、水酸化ナトリウムおよび水酸化カリウムのうちの少なくとも1つであることを特徴とする次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法。 - 請求項9に記載の次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法であって、
前記水酸化アルカリが、水酸化ナトリウムおよび水酸化カリウムであることを特徴とする次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法。 - 水、水酸化アルカリおよびスルファミン酸を含む混合液に臭素を不活性ガス雰囲気下で添加して反応させる工程を含み、前記臭素の添加率が組成物全体の量に対して25重量%以下であることを特徴とする次亜臭素酸安定化組成物。
- 請求項11に記載の次亜臭素酸安定化組成物であって、
臭素酸イオンの含有量が、5mg/kg未満であることを特徴とする次亜臭素酸安定化組成物。 - 分離膜を備える膜分離装置への給水または洗浄水中に、
請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の次亜臭素酸安定化組成物の製造方法で得られた次亜臭素酸安定化組成物、または請求項11または12に記載の次亜臭素酸安定化組成物を存在させることを特徴とする分離膜のスライム抑制方法。 - 請求項13に記載の分離膜のスライム抑制方法であって、
前記分離膜が、ポリアミド系高分子膜であることを特徴とする分離膜のスライム抑制方法。 - 請求項13または14に記載の分離膜のスライム抑制方法であって、
前記膜分離装置が分離膜としてRO膜を備え、
前記膜分離装置への給水のpHが5.5以上であることを特徴とする分離膜のスライム抑制方法。 - 請求項13~15のいずれか1項に記載の分離膜のスライム抑制方法であって、
前記次亜臭素酸安定化組成物中の臭素酸濃度が5mg/kg未満であることを特徴とする分離膜のスライム抑制方法。
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US10420344B2 (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2019-09-24 | Organo Corporation | Method for producing stabilized hypobromous acid composition, stabilized hypobromous acid composition, and slime inhibition method for separation membrane |
US11666055B2 (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2023-06-06 | Organo Corporation | Method for producing stabilized hypobromous acid composition, stabilized hypobromous acid composition, and slime inhibition method for separation membrane |
US10351444B2 (en) | 2014-05-08 | 2019-07-16 | Organo Corporation | Filtration treatment system and filtration treatment method |
JPWO2015170495A1 (ja) * | 2014-05-08 | 2017-04-20 | オルガノ株式会社 | ろ過処理システムおよびろ過処理方法 |
WO2016136304A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-24 | 2016-09-01 | オルガノ株式会社 | 逆浸透膜の改質方法、逆浸透膜、ホウ素含有水の処理方法、および分離膜の運転方法 |
WO2016135916A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-26 | 2016-09-01 | オルガノ株式会社 | 水処理剤組成物、水処理剤組成物の製造方法および水処理方法 |
CN107428566A (zh) * | 2015-03-31 | 2017-12-01 | 栗田工业株式会社 | 反渗透膜处理系统的运行方法以及反渗透膜处理系统 |
JPWO2016175006A1 (ja) * | 2015-04-30 | 2017-12-21 | オルガノ株式会社 | アンモニア性窒素含有排水の処理方法およびアンモニア性窒素分解剤 |
WO2016175006A1 (ja) * | 2015-04-30 | 2016-11-03 | オルガノ株式会社 | アンモニア性窒素含有排水の処理方法およびアンモニア性窒素分解剤 |
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JPWO2018084061A1 (ja) * | 2016-11-07 | 2019-04-11 | オルガノ株式会社 | 逆浸透膜処理方法および逆浸透膜処理システム |
CN109982567A (zh) * | 2016-12-01 | 2019-07-05 | 奥加诺株式会社 | 水处理剂组合物、水处理方法及水处理剂组合物的保管或使用方法 |
JP2019122943A (ja) * | 2018-01-19 | 2019-07-25 | オルガノ株式会社 | 水処理方法および水処理装置 |
Also Published As
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MY181427A (en) | 2020-12-21 |
US10420344B2 (en) | 2019-09-24 |
CN105517959A (zh) | 2016-04-20 |
SA516370626B1 (ar) | 2018-05-24 |
US11666055B2 (en) | 2023-06-06 |
SG11201601207UA (en) | 2016-03-30 |
KR20180053434A (ko) | 2018-05-21 |
KR20190028812A (ko) | 2019-03-19 |
CN105517959B (zh) | 2020-04-28 |
AU2014313502C1 (en) | 2017-03-09 |
JP2015062889A (ja) | 2015-04-09 |
JP6401491B2 (ja) | 2018-10-10 |
CN110078194B (zh) | 2021-10-22 |
KR102061679B1 (ko) | 2020-01-02 |
TWI597235B (zh) | 2017-09-01 |
US20190364902A1 (en) | 2019-12-05 |
AU2014313502B2 (en) | 2016-11-24 |
CN110078194A (zh) | 2019-08-02 |
SG10201702983PA (en) | 2017-06-29 |
US20160198721A1 (en) | 2016-07-14 |
TW201512078A (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
AU2014313502A1 (en) | 2016-04-21 |
KR101972727B1 (ko) | 2019-08-16 |
KR20160032229A (ko) | 2016-03-23 |
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