WO2014050817A1 - オレフィン重合体の製造方法およびオレフィン重合体 - Google Patents
オレフィン重合体の製造方法およびオレフィン重合体 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an olefin polymer using a catalyst for olefin polymerization containing a specific transition metal compound, an olefin polymer obtained by the method, a novel 1-butene polymer, 4-methyl-1-pentene It relates to a polymer.
- metallocene compounds are well known as homogeneous catalysts for olefin polymerization.
- Much research has been conducted on the method of polymerizing olefins using metallocene compounds, especially the method of stereoregularly polymerizing ⁇ -olefins, since isotactic polymerization was reported by W. Kaminsky et al. (See Non-Patent Document 1). Has been made.
- Polymerization of ⁇ -olefin using a metallocene compound can be obtained by introducing a substituent into the cyclopentadienyl ring of the ligand of the metallocene compound or by crosslinking two cyclopentadienyl rings. It is known that the stereoregularity and molecular weight of ⁇ -olefin polymers vary greatly.
- syndiotactic polypropylene (see Non-Patent Document 2) introduced a methyl group at the 3-position of the cyclopentadienyl ring.
- hemiisotactic polypropylene is a dimethylmethylene having a tert-butyl group introduced at the 3-position of the cyclopentadienyl ring (3 With -tert-butylcyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) zirconium dichloride, isotactic polypropylene (see Patent Document 2) can be obtained.
- dimethylmethylene (3-tert-butyl) introduced with a tert-butyl group at the 3,6-positions of the fluorenyl ring rather than dimethylmethylene (3-tert-butyl-5-methylcyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) zirconium dichloride.
- -5-methylcyclopentadienyl) (3,6-di-tert-butylfluorenyl) zirconium dichloride provides a polypropylene with improved isotactic stereoregularity (see Patent Document 3).
- (Fluorenyl) zirconium dichloride crosslinks higher molecular weight syndiotactic polypropylene (see Patent Document 4) than dimethylmethylene (3- (2-adamantyl) -cyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) zirconium dichloride.
- Diphenylmethylene (3- (2-adamantyl) -cyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) zirconium dichloride, whose part is changed to diphenylmethylene, is higher in isotactic-hemiisotactic polypropylene than high molecular weight.
- Non-Patent Document 3 Introducing a methyl group at the 5-position of the cyclopentadienyl ring ( ⁇ -position of the bridging moiety) rather than dimethylmethylene (3-tert-butylcyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) zirconium dichloride
- the dimethylmethylene (3-tert-butyl-5-methylcyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) zirconium dichloride thus obtained can give a higher molecular weight isotactic polypropylene (see Patent Document 5).
- dimethylcyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) zirconium dichloride dimethylmethylene (3-tert-butyl-5-methylcyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) zirconium dichloride and diphenylmethylene (3-methylcyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl), respectively.
- Polypropylene having a lower molecular weight than that of zirconium dichloride is obtained (see Patent Documents 5 to 6).
- Patent Literature 7 a metallocene compound in which a cyclopentadienyl ring and a fluorenyl ring are bridged via a 5-membered ring, which can produce a polypropylene having a relatively high stereoregularity.
- the metallocene compounds as described above exhibit excellent polymerization performance. However, depending on the application, it may be necessary to produce a polymer with higher stereoregularity or higher molecular weight more economically, that is, while maintaining high catalytic activity even under high temperature polymerization conditions. There is a need for improvement.
- Metallocene compounds having a substituted indenyl group as a ligand have also been reported to give relatively high stereoregularity and molecular weight (see Patent Documents 8 to 9). However, the above compounds do not have sufficient performance under economical polymerization conditions.
- the polymerization in slurry polymerization or gas phase polymerization, in a catalyst system that is soluble in a reaction medium such as a metallocene compound, the polymerization is generally carried out with the metallocene compound supported on a solid support.
- a reaction medium such as a metallocene compound
- the polymerization performance such as stereoregularity of the above compound is remarkably lowered when supported on a carrier as compared with the case where the carrier is not used.
- metallocene catalyst a polymerization catalyst containing a metallocene compound
- further improvement of a polymerization activity, stereoregularity, molecular weight, etc. of the catalyst is desired from the viewpoint of the polymerization activity, stereoregularity, molecular weight, etc. of the catalyst.
- Patent Document 14 a polymer obtained using a metallocene catalyst is superior in balance of physical properties such as heat resistance to a polymer obtained using a conventional Ziegler-Natta catalyst, and is an industrially very useful technique. ing. However, a higher melting point / stereoregularity or higher molecular weight polymer may be required depending on the application.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an olefin polymer production method capable of producing an olefin polymer having high heat resistance and high molecular weight and excellent in catalytic activity, and an olefin polymer obtained by the method. There is to do.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel 1-butene polymer having a high heat resistance and a high molecular weight, for example, a 1-butene polymer having an excellent balance between rigidity and yield stress.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer, for example, a crystalline 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer having an excellent balance between rigidity and toughness, and a non-balance having an excellent balance of viscoelastic properties.
- the object is to provide a crystalline or low crystalline 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer.
- the present inventors have intensively studied to solve the above problems. As a result, by using an olefin polymerization catalyst containing a transition metal compound having the following configuration, and by using a 1-butene polymer and a 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer having the following configuration, The inventors have found that this can be solved, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention provides ethylene and carbon in the presence of a catalyst for olefin polymerization containing at least one transition metal compound (A) selected from the transition metal compound represented by the general formula [I] and its enantiomers. Derived from at least one selected from ethylene and an ⁇ -olefin having 4 to 30 carbon atoms, and having a step of polymerizing at least one olefin selected from ⁇ -olefin having 4 to 30 and propylene if necessary An olefin polymer containing a constitutional unit in a range of more than 50 mol% and not more than 100 mol%, and a constitutional unit derived from propylene in a range of 0 mol% or more and less than 50 mol% (however, ethylene and having 4 to 30 carbon atoms The total content of the constituent units derived from ⁇ -olefin and the constituent units derived from propylene is 100 mol%).
- R 1 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 and R 16 are each Independently a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, a heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon group or a silicon-containing group
- R 2 is a hydrocarbon group, a heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon group or a silicon-containing group
- R 4 is a hydrogen atom
- any two substituents may be bonded to each other to form a ring
- M is a Group 4 transition metal
- Q is a halogen atom.
- R 1 and R 3 are preferably hydrogen atoms;
- R 2 is preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the number of carbons bonded to the cyclopentadienyl ring is 3 It is preferably a substituent which is a secondary carbon;
- R 5 and R 7 are preferably bonded to each other to form a ring;
- R 9 , R 12 , R 13 and R 16 are each a hydrogen atom.
- R 10 , R 11 , R 14 and R 15 are hydrocarbon groups, or R 10 and R 11 are bonded to each other to form a ring, and R 14 and R 15 are bonded to each other to form a ring. It is preferable to form.
- the olefin polymerization catalyst further reacts with (B) (B-1) an organometallic compound, (B-2) an organoaluminum oxy compound, and (B-3) a transition metal compound (A) to form an ion pair. It is preferable to contain at least one compound selected from the compounds to be formed.
- the olefin polymerization catalyst further includes a carrier (C) and the transition metal compound (A) is supported on the carrier (C).
- the present invention is an olefin polymer obtained by the above production method, and is preferably a 1-butene polymer or a 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer.
- the present invention also relates to a 1-butene polymer having a mesopentad fraction of 98.0% or more and 99.8% or less as measured by 13 C-NMR.
- the 1-butene polymer has an elution start temperature (temperature at which the cumulative elution weight% becomes 0.5% by weight) in the cross-fractionation chromatography (CFC) using o-dichlorobenzene as an eluent [T S ].
- the temperature specified by ([T S ] + [T E ]) / 2 with respect to the total elution amount when the elution end temperature (temperature at which the cumulative elution weight% becomes 99% by weight) is [T E ].
- the cumulative elution amount in [T X ] is preferably 40% by weight or more.
- the present invention is a 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer that satisfies the following requirements (a) to (c).
- A The structural unit amount derived from 4-methyl-1-pentene is 100 to 80 mol%, and is derived from at least one selected from olefins having 2 to 30 carbon atoms (excluding 4-methyl-1-pentene). The structural unit amount is 0 to 20 mol%.
- B Mesodyad fraction (m) measured by 13 C-NMR is 98.5% or more and 100% or less.
- C The heat of fusion ⁇ Hm (unit: J / g) and the melting point Tm (unit: ° C) measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) satisfy the following relational expression (1).
- the present invention is a 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer that satisfies the following requirements (d) to (f).
- D The amount of structural units derived from 4-methyl-1-pentene is more than 50 mol% and less than 80 mol%, and is selected from olefins having 2 to 30 carbon atoms (excluding 4-methyl-1-pentene)
- the structural unit amount derived from at least one kind is more than 20 mol% and less than 50 mol%.
- E Mesodyad fraction (m) measured by 13 C-NMR is 98.5% or more and 100% or less.
- F The melting point Tm measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is less than 100 ° C. or substantially absent.
- an olefin polymer having a high heat resistance and a high molecular weight it is possible to produce an olefin polymer having a high heat resistance and a high molecular weight, and to provide a method for producing an olefin polymer excellent in catalytic activity, and an olefin polymer obtained by the method. can do.
- a novel 1-butene polymer having high heat resistance and high molecular weight for example, a 1-butene polymer excellent in the balance between rigidity and yield stress can be provided.
- novel 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer for example, crystalline 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer with excellent balance of rigidity and toughness, amorphous or low crystallinity with excellent balance of viscoelastic properties
- a 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer can be provided.
- FIG. 1 (a) is a graph showing the CFC elution curve of the 1-butene polymer obtained in the example
- FIG. 1 (b) is the CFC elution curve of the 1-butene polymer obtained in the comparative example. It is a graph which shows.
- FIG. 2 is a graph plotting Young's modulus against elongation at break for the crystalline 4-methyl-1-pentene polymers obtained in the examples and comparative examples.
- a compound represented by the formula (X) (X is a formula number) is also referred to as “compound (X)”, and a structural unit derived from the compound A in the description of the polymer is referred to as “compound A unit”. The content thereof is also referred to as “compound A content”.
- transition metal compound (A) used in the present invention is at least one selected from transition metal compounds represented by the general formula [I] and enantiomers thereof.
- the enantiomer is not particularly referred to, but the transition metal compound (A) includes all enantiomers of the transition metal compound [I], for example, the general formula, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
- the transition metal compound represented by [I ′] is included.
- R 1 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 and R 16 are each independent.
- R 2 is a hydrocarbon group, a heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon group or a silicon-containing group
- R 4 is a hydrogen atom
- R Of the substituents from R 1 to R 16 excluding 4 any two substituents may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- M is a Group 4 transition metal
- Q is a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, an anionic ligand or a neutral ligand capable of coordinating with a lone pair
- j is 1 to
- Q is an integer of 4 and j is an integer of 2 or more, Q may be selected in the same or different combinations.
- the transition metal compound [I] has a high steric rule even under highly economical polymerization conditions, which was difficult with a conventionally known metallocene compound, because R 2 is not a hydrogen atom and R 4 is a hydrogen atom. It is possible to produce an olefin polymer having high properties, a high melting point, and a high molecular weight.
- transition metal compound [I] exhibits excellent performance
- the polymerization reaction mechanism estimated below taking as an example the influence on the molecular weight of the polymer.
- the high molecular weight of the polymer produced by the polymerization reaction means that the speed of the growth reaction, which is a reaction in which a monomer is inserted between the central metal / polymer chain of the catalyst, is a reaction in which the growth of the polymer chain stops. It is remarkably large with respect to the speed.
- the olefin polymerization reaction using a metallocene catalyst two main chain transfer reactions are known: ⁇ -hydrogen transfer in which hydrogen atoms move to the central metal M of the catalyst and ⁇ -hydrogen transfer in which hydrogen atoms move to monomers. It is said that the latter ⁇ -hydrogen transfer is predominant (see Chem. Rev. (2000), 100, 1253, etc.).
- the transition state in the ⁇ -hydrogen transfer to the monomer is a 6-membered ring structure centered on M ′ (formula (ii)).
- the monomer insertion reaction takes a five-membered ring structure because hydrogen at the ⁇ -position is coordinated to M ′ (formula (i)).
- the space near M ′ is narrowed by the ligand of the catalyst, the transition state of the 6-membered ring structure that requires a larger space becomes more unstable than the transition state of the 5-membered ring structure, that is, ⁇ -
- the reaction rate of hydrogen transfer is reduced, and the reaction rate of the monomer insertion reaction is relatively increased. As a result, it is known that the molecular weight of the polymer to be produced increases (see Macromolecules IV (1996), 29, 2729).
- the transition state in ⁇ -hydrogen transfer to the central metal M takes a four-membered ring structure with a smaller space than the transition state of the monomer insertion reaction (formula (iii)). Therefore, if the space in the vicinity of M ′ becomes too small due to the ligand, the reaction rate of ⁇ -hydrogen transfer to the central metal M is relatively increased, and the molecular weight of the produced polymer is expected to be reduced.
- the above reaction mechanism is applied to the transition metal compound [I].
- the transition metal compound [I] has a five-membered ring structure at the bridge portion connecting the cyclopentadiene ring and the fluorene ring.
- a substituent larger than a hydrogen atom that is, a substituent other than a hydrogen atom
- R 4 a substituent other than a hydrogen atom
- the space around the central metal M is reduced.
- ⁇ -hydrogen transfer to the monomer that passes through the transition state of the 6-membered ring structure can be suppressed, but at the same time, the reaction rate of the monomer insertion reaction that passes through the transition state of the 5-membered ring structure is reduced. Conceivable. For this reason, ⁇ -hydrogen transfer to the central metal M through the transition state of the four-membered ring structure is promoted, and the molecular weight is not sufficiently increased.
- a catalyst having a five-membered ring structure at the bridge portion connecting the cyclopentadiene ring and the fluorene ring exhibiting excellent performance only when R 2 is not a hydrogen atom and R 4 is a hydrogen atom, It is considered to be.
- Examples of the hydrocarbon group in R 1 to R 16 include, for example, a linear hydrocarbon group, a branched hydrocarbon group, a cyclic saturated hydrocarbon group, a cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon group, and a saturated group. And a group obtained by substituting one or more hydrogen atoms of the hydrocarbon group with a cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon group.
- the number of carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon group is usually 1-20, preferably 1-15, more preferably 1-10.
- linear hydrocarbon group examples include a methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, n-butyl group, n-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, and n-nonyl.
- straight-chain alkyl groups such as n-decanyl group; straight-chain alkenyl groups such as allyl group.
- Examples of the branched hydrocarbon group include isopropyl group, tert-butyl group, tert-amyl group, 3-methylpentyl group, 1,1-diethylpropyl group, 1,1-dimethylbutyl group, 1-methyl-1
- Examples thereof include branched alkyl groups such as -propylbutyl group, 1,1-propylbutyl group, 1,1-dimethyl-2-methylpropyl group, and 1-methyl-1-isopropyl-2-methylpropyl group.
- cyclic saturated hydrocarbon group examples include cycloalkyl groups such as cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group, cyclooctyl group, and methylcyclohexyl group; and polycyclic groups such as norbornyl group, adamantyl group, and methyladamantyl group. It is done.
- cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon group examples include an aryl group such as a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenyl group, a phenanthryl group, and an anthracenyl group; a cycloalkenyl group such as a cyclohexenyl group; and 5-bicyclo [2.2. 1] Polycyclic unsaturated alicyclic groups such as a hepta-2-enyl group.
- Examples of the group formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atoms of a saturated hydrocarbon group with a cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon group include a benzyl group, a cumyl group, a 1,1-diphenylethyl group, a triphenylmethyl group, and the like. And a group formed by substituting one or two or more hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group with an aryl group.
- hetero atom-containing hydrocarbon group in R 1 to R 16 examples include, for example, an alkoxy group such as a methoxy group and an ethoxy group, an aryloxy group such as a phenoxy group, and an oxygen atom such as a furyl group -Containing hydrocarbon group; nitrogen atom-containing hydrocarbon group such as amino group such as N-methylamino group, N, N-dimethylamino group, N-phenylamino group, pyryl group; hydrocarbon group containing sulfur atom such as thienyl group Is mentioned.
- the carbon number of the heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon group is usually 1-20, preferably 2-18, more preferably 2-15. However, the silicon-containing group is excluded from the heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon group.
- Examples of the silicon-containing group in R 1 to R 16 include, for example, a formula —SiR 3 such as trimethylsilyl group, triethylsilyl group, dimethylphenylsilyl group, diphenylmethylsilyl group, triphenylsilyl group, etc.
- a plurality of R's are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms or a phenyl group.
- R 1 to R 16 Of the substituents from R 1 to R 16 excluding R 4 , two adjacent substituents (eg, R 1 and R 2 , R 2 and R 3 , R 5 and R 7 , R 6 and R 8 , R 7 and R 8 , R 9 and R 10 , R 10 and R 11 , R 11 and R 12 , R 13 and R 14 , R 14 and R 15 , R 15 and R 16 ) are bonded together to form a ring.
- R 6 and R 7 may be bonded to each other to form a ring
- R 1 and R 8 may be bonded to each other to form a ring
- R 3 and R 5 may be bonded to each other. It may combine to form a ring. Two or more ring formations may exist in the molecule.
- examples of the ring (additional ring) formed by bonding two substituents to each other include an alicyclic ring, an aromatic ring, and a heterocyclic ring.
- Specific examples include a cyclohexane ring; a benzene ring; a hydrogenated benzene ring; a cyclopentene ring; a hetero ring such as a furan ring and a thiophene ring and a corresponding hydrogenated hetero ring, preferably a cyclohexane ring; a benzene ring and a hydrogen Benzene ring.
- Such a ring structure may further have a substituent such as an alkyl group on the ring.
- R 1 and R 3 are preferably hydrogen atoms from the viewpoint of stereoregularity.
- At least one selected from R 5 , R 6 and R 7 is preferably a hydrocarbon group, a heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon group or a silicon-containing group, more preferably R 5 is a hydrocarbon group, 5 is more preferably an alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms such as a linear alkyl group or a branched alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group or a cycloalkenyl group, and R 5 is an alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms. Especially preferred. From the viewpoint of synthesis, R 6 and R 7 are preferably hydrogen atoms. R 5 and R 7 are more preferably bonded to each other to form a ring, and the ring is particularly preferably a 6-membered ring such as a cyclohexane ring.
- R 8 is preferably a hydrocarbon group, and particularly preferably an alkyl group.
- R 2 is preferably a hydrocarbon group from the viewpoint of stereoregularity, more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, still more preferably not an aryl group, and a linear hydrocarbon Group, a branched hydrocarbon group or a cyclic saturated hydrocarbon group is particularly preferable, and a substituent having a free valence carbon (carbon bonded to a cyclopentadienyl ring) being a tertiary carbon is particularly preferable. preferable.
- R 2 examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group, a tert-butyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a tert-amyl group, a 1-methylcyclohexyl group, and a 1-adamantyl group, and more preferable.
- a substituent in which the carbon having a free valence is a tertiary carbon, such as a tert-butyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a 1-methylcyclohexyl group, or a 1-adamantyl group, particularly preferably a tert-butyl group, 1- An adamantyl group;
- the fluorene ring moiety is not particularly limited as long as it is a structure obtained from a known fluorene derivative, but R 9 , R 12 , R 13 and R 16 are preferably from the viewpoint of stereoregularity and molecular weight.
- R 10 , R 11 , R 14 and R 15 are preferably a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, an oxygen atom-containing hydrocarbon group or a nitrogen atom-containing hydrocarbon group, more preferably a hydrocarbon group, still more preferably It is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 10 and R 11 may be bonded to each other to form a ring, and R 14 and R 15 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- Examples of such a substituted fluorenyl group include benzofluorenyl group, dibenzofluorenyl group, octahydrodibenzofluorenyl group, 1,1,4,4,7,7,10,10-octamethyl-2.
- ⁇ M, Q, j> M is a Group 4 transition metal, preferably Ti, Zr or Hf, more preferably Zr or Hf, and particularly preferably Zr.
- halogen atom in Q examples include fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
- hydrocarbon group for Q examples include the same groups as the hydrocarbon groups for R 1 to R 16 (excluding R 4 ), and preferably an alkyl group such as a linear alkyl group or a branched alkyl group. It is.
- anion ligand in Q examples include alkoxy groups such as methoxy and tert-butoxy; aryloxy groups such as phenoxy; carboxylate groups such as acetate and benzoate; sulfonate groups such as mesylate and tosylate; dimethylamide and diisopropylamide Amide groups such as methylanilide and diphenylamide.
- Examples of the neutral ligand capable of coordinating with a lone electron pair in Q include, for example, organic phosphorus compounds such as trimethylphosphine, triethylphosphine, triphenylphosphine, diphenylmethylphosphine; tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, dioxane, 1,2- Examples include ethers such as dimethoxyethane.
- At least one Q is a halogen atom or an alkyl group.
- J is preferably 2.
- transition metal compound used in the present invention for example, [1- (Fluoren-9'-yl) (1,2,3,4-tetrahydropentalene)] zirconium dichloride, [1- (2 ', 7'-di-tert-butylfluoren-9'-yl) (1,2,3,4-tetrahydropentalene)] zirconium dichloride, [1- (3 ', 6'-di-tert-butylfluoren-9'-yl) (1,2,3,4-tetrahydropentalene) Len)] zirconium dichloride, [1- (3 ′, 6′-di- (1-adamantyl) -fluoren-9′-yl) (1,2,3,4-tetrahydropentalene)] zirconium dichloride, [1 -(3 ', 6'-di-tert-butyl-2', 7'-dimethylfluoren-9'-
- the transition metal compound [I] may be a titanium derivative or a hafnium derivative of the compounds exemplified above. However, the transition metal compound [I] is not limited to the compounds exemplified above.
- the position number used for naming the above compound is [1- (1 ′, 1 ′, 4 ′, 4 ′, 7 ′, 7 ′, 10 ′, 10′-octamethyloctahydrodibenzo [b, h] fluorene.
- the transition metal compound used in the present invention can be produced by a known method, and the production method is not particularly limited.
- the production method is not particularly limited.
- an example of a method for producing the transition metal compound [I] used in the present invention will be described. The same applies to the method for producing the enantiomer.
- the method for producing the transition metal compound [I] includes, for example, a step (1) of preparing a pentalene compound represented by the general formula (1a).
- a step (1) of preparing a pentalene compound represented by the general formula (1a) In the pentalene compound (1a), an isomer corresponding to the configuration of the target transition metal compound [I] can be used.
- R 1 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, a hetero atom-containing hydrocarbon group or a silicon-containing group
- R 2 is A hydrocarbon group, a heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon group or a silicon-containing group
- R 4 is a hydrogen atom
- any two substituents of R 1 to R 8 excluding R 4 are bonded to each other To form a ring.
- the pentalene compound (1a) and the fluorene derivative (2a) are reacted to obtain a precursor compound (3a) of the transition metal compound [I], And a step (3) of obtaining the transition metal compound [I] from the precursor compound (3a).
- the pentalene compound (1a) is obtained, for example, by reacting a cyclopentadiene derivative (1a-1) with an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carbonyl compound (1a-2) as shown in the reaction [A]; As shown, it can be synthesized by a method in which a cyclopentadiene derivative (1a-1), a carbonyl compound (1a-3) and an aldehyde compound (1a-4) are reacted.
- R 1 to R 6 and R 8 have the same meanings as the same symbols in the general formula [I]
- R 7 is a hydrogen atom.
- R 1 to R 8 have the same meanings as the same symbols in the general formula [I].
- These preferred embodiments are the same as those described in the general formula [I].
- an isomer corresponding to the steric configuration of the target pentalene compound (1a) can be used.
- the cyclopentadiene derivative (1a-1), the fluorene derivative (2a), and the precursor compound (3a), which will be described later, can be considered to have isomers that differ only in the position of the double bond in the cyclopentadienyl ring. In each reaction, only one of them is illustrated.
- the cyclopentadiene derivative (1a-1), the fluorene derivative (2a) described later, and the precursor compound (3a) may be other isomers that differ only in the position of the double bond in the cyclopentadienyl ring, or A mixture thereof may also be used.
- the pentalene compound (1a) based on the reaction [A] can be produced from a cyclopentadiene derivative (1a-1) and an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carbonyl compound (1a-2) under known conditions (for example, J Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 4981-4982).
- the cyclopentadiene derivative (1a-1) is treated with a base and then subjected to the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carbonyl compound (1a-2).
- Method A ′ a method in which a ketone or an aldehyde is synthesized by 1,4-addition and then dehydrated and condensed.
- bases can be used, for example, alkali metals such as sodium, potassium, lithium, etc .; potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, barium hydroxide, Alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts such as sodium alkoxide, potassium alkoxide, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium alkoxide, potassium hydrogen atom, sodium hydrogen atom; diethylamine, ammonia, pyrrolidine, piperidine, aniline, methylaniline, triethylamine, lithium diisopropyl Nitrogenous bases such as amide and sodium amide; organic alkali metal compounds such as butyl lithium, methyl lithium and phenyl lithium; methyl magnesium chloride, methyl magnesium bromide And Grignard reagents such as phenylmagnesium chloride.
- alkali metals such as sodium, potassium, lithium, etc .
- a catalyst may be added in order to carry out the reaction more efficiently.
- known catalysts can be used.
- crown ethers such as 18-crown-6-ether and 15-crown-5-ether
- cryptants tetrabutylammonium fluoride, methyltrioctylammonium chloride, tritium
- examples thereof include quaternary ammonium salts such as caprylmethylammonium chloride; phosphonium salts such as methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide and tetrabutylphosphonium bromide; and phase transfer catalysts represented by chain polyethers.
- magnesium, calcium, lithium, zinc, aluminum, titanium, iron, zirconium, hafnium, boron, tin, rare earth halides, Lewis acids such as triflate, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, paratolylsulfone Acids such as acids may be used.
- Lewis acids such as triflate, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, paratolylsulfone Acids such as acids may be used.
- copper halides such as copper chloride and copper iodide may be used as copper halides.
- reaction [B] the reaction can be performed more efficiently by adding a base or a catalyst.
- Examples of the base and catalyst that can be used in the reaction [B] include those described above in the reaction [A].
- the cyclopentadiene derivative (1a-1) may be reacted with the carbonyl compound (1a-3) or the aldehyde compound (1a-4) at the same time, or the carbonyl compound (1a-3) or One of the aldehyde compounds (1a-4) can be reacted and then the other can be reacted.
- the carbonyl compound (1a-3) or the aldehyde compound (1a-4) may be reacted after being converted into an enolate type using lithium propylamide or the like, and further reacted with the carbonyl compound (1a-3) or
- An enolate corresponding to the aldehyde compound (1a-4) may be synthesized and reacted by a known method.
- the carbonyl compound (1a-3) and the aldehyde compound (1a-4) may be reacted under different conditions.
- Examples of the solvent that can be used in the reactions [A] and [B] include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, and decalin; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; tetrahydrofuran, diethyl Ethers such as ether, dioxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tert-butyl methyl ether and cyclopentyl methyl ether; halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and chloroform; carboxylic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid and trifluoroacetic acid; ethyl acetate and acetic acid Esters such as methyl; amines such as triethylamine, pyrrolidine, piperidine, aniline, pyridine, acetonitrile, nitriles or nitrogen-containing compounds; methanol,
- the reaction temperature for the reactions [A] and [B] is preferably ⁇ 100 to 150 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 40 to 120 ° C.
- R 1 to R 16 are each synonymous with the same symbol in general formula [I], and L is an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.
- alkali metal include lithium, sodium, and potassium
- alkaline earth metal include magnesium and calcium.
- a precursor having a hydrogen atom (R 4 ) facing the central metal when a complex is formed at the ⁇ -position of the cyclopentadiene ring due to the difference in size between R 4 (hydrogen atom) and R 5 Compound (3a) can be obtained.
- the fluorene derivative (2a) can be obtained by a conventionally known method.
- organic solvent examples include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, and decalin; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, dioxane, 1 , 2-dimethoxyethane, tert-butyl methyl ether, cyclopentyl methyl ether and other ethers; dichloromethane, chloroform and other halogenated hydrocarbons; or a solvent obtained by mixing two or more of these.
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, and decalin
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene
- tetrahydrofuran diethyl ether, dioxane, 1 , 2-dimeth
- the reaction between the pentalene compound (1a) and the fluorene derivative (2a) is preferably a molar ratio of 10: 1 to 1:10, more preferably 2: 1 to 1: 2, particularly preferably 1.2: 1 to 1. : Performed in 1.2.
- the reaction temperature is preferably ⁇ 100 to 150 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 40 to 120 ° C.
- ⁇ Synthesis of dialkali metal salt> By bringing the precursor compound (3a) into contact with at least one metal component selected from an alkali metal, an alkali metal hydrogen atom, an alkali metal alkoxide, an organic alkali metal and an organic alkaline earth metal in an organic solvent. To obtain a dialkali metal salt.
- Examples of the alkali metal that can be used in the above reaction include lithium, sodium, and potassium; examples of the hydrogen atom alkali metal include sodium hydrogen atom and potassium hydrogen atom; and examples of the alkali metal alkoxide include Examples include sodium methoxide, potassium ethoxide, sodium ethoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, etc .; examples of the organic alkali metal include methyl lithium, butyl lithium, and phenyl lithium; examples of the organic alkaline earth metal include methyl Examples thereof include magnesium halide, butyl magnesium halide, and phenyl magnesium halide; or two or more of these may be used in combination.
- organic solvent used in the above reaction examples include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, and decalin; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, dioxane, 1, 2, and the like. -Ethers such as dimethoxyethane, tert-butyl methyl ether, cyclopentyl methyl ether; halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and chloroform; or solvents obtained by mixing two or more of these.
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, and decalin
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene
- tetrahydrofuran diethyl ether
- the reaction temperature is preferably ⁇ 100 to 200 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 80 to 120 ° C.
- Lewis base typified by tetramethylethylenediamine or the like, or ⁇ -methylstyrene as described in International Publication No. 2009/072505 pamphlet can also be used.
- transition metal compound [I] is synthesized by reacting the dialkali metal salt obtained by the above reaction with the compound represented by the general formula (4a) in an organic solvent.
- M is a Group 4 transition metal, and a plurality of Zs are each independently a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, an anionic ligand, or a neutral ligand capable of coordinating with a lone electron pair.
- K is an integer of 3-6.
- the atoms or groups listed as M and Z are the same as M and Q described in the section of the general formula [I], respectively.
- Examples of the compound (4a) include trivalent or tetravalent titanium fluoride, chloride, bromide and iodide; tetravalent zirconium fluoride, chloride, bromide and iodide; tetravalent hafnium fluoride, chloride. Products, bromides and iodides; or complexes thereof with ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, dioxane or 1,2-dimethoxyethane.
- Examples of the organic solvent used in the above reaction include the organic solvents described in the section ⁇ Synthesis of dialkali metal salt>.
- the reaction between the dialkali metal salt and the compound (4a) is preferably a molar ratio of 10: 1 to 1:10, more preferably 2: 1 to 1: 2, particularly preferably 1.2: 1 to 1: 1.
- the reaction temperature is preferably ⁇ 80 to 200 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 75 to 120 ° C.
- the precursor compound (3a) is converted into an organometallic reagent such as tetrabenzyl titanium, tetrabenzyl zirconium, tetrabenzyl hafnium, tetrakis (trimethylsilylmethylene) titanium, tetrakis (trimethylsilylmethylene) zirconium, tetrakis (trimethylsilylmethylene) hafnium.
- organometallic reagent such as tetrabenzyl titanium, tetrabenzyl zirconium, tetrabenzyl hafnium, tetrakis (trimethylsilylmethylene) titanium, tetrakis (trimethylsilylmethylene) zirconium, tetrakis (trimethylsilylmethylene) hafnium.
- the transition metal compound [I] obtained by the above reaction can be isolated and purified by methods such as extraction, recrystallization and sublimation.
- the transition metal compound [I] obtained by such a method is identified by using analytical techniques such as proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, 13 C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis.
- the catalyst for olefin polymerization used in the present invention contains at least one transition metal compound (A) selected from the transition metal compound represented by the general formula [I] and its enantiomers.
- the olefin polymerization catalyst used in the present invention further comprises: (B) at least one selected from (B-1) an organometallic compound, (B-2) an organoaluminum oxy compound, and (B-3) a compound that reacts with a transition metal compound (A) to form an ion pair.
- Seed compound hereinafter also referred to as “compound (B)” It is preferable to contain.
- the olefin polymerization catalyst of the present invention further, if necessary, (C) It is more preferable to contain a carrier.
- the olefin polymerization catalyst of the present invention further, if necessary, (D) An organic compound component can also be contained.
- Organic metal compound (B-1) Examples of the organometallic compound (B-1) include an organoaluminum compound represented by the general formula (B-1a) and a complex alkylated product of a Group 1 metal represented by the general formula (B-1b) and aluminum. And organic metal compounds of Groups 1, 2 and 12, 13 such as dialkyl compounds of Group 2 or Group 12 metals represented by the general formula (B-1c).
- organoaluminum compound (B-1a) examples include trialkylaluminum such as trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, and triisobutylaluminum, dialkylaluminum hydride such as diisobutylaluminum hydride, and tricycloalkylaluminum.
- M2 is Li, Na or K
- Ra is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the complex alkylated product (B-1b) include LiAl (C 2 H 5 ) 4 and LiAl (C 7 H 15 ) 4 .
- Ra and Rb are each independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and M3 is Mg, Zn or Cd.
- Examples of the compound (B-1c) include dimethylmagnesium, diethylmagnesium, di-n-butylmagnesium, ethyl n-butylmagnesium, diphenylmagnesium, dimethylzinc, diethylzinc, din-butylzinc and diphenylzinc.
- organometallic compounds (B-1) organoaluminum compounds (B-1a) are preferable.
- the organometallic compound (B-1) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the organoaluminum oxy compound (B-2) may be, for example, a conventionally known aluminoxane, which is insoluble or hardly soluble in benzene as exemplified in JP-A-2-78687. It may be a compound.
- the conventionally known aluminoxane can be produced, for example, by the following methods (1) to (4), and is usually obtained as a solution in a hydrocarbon solvent.
- a compound containing adsorbed water or a salt containing water of crystallization such as magnesium chloride hydrate, copper sulfate hydrate, aluminum sulfate hydrate, nickel sulfate hydrate, first cerium chloride hydrate
- a method of reacting adsorbed water or crystal water with an organoaluminum compound by adding an organoaluminum compound such as trialkylaluminum to a suspension of a hydrocarbon medium such as trialkylaluminum.
- Non-hydrolyzable compounds such as thermal decomposition reactions are produced by reacting organic aluminum such as trialkylaluminum with organic compounds having carbon-oxygen bonds such as tertiary alcohols, ketones and carboxylic acids. How to convert.
- the aluminoxane may contain a small amount of an organometallic component.
- the solvent or the unreacted organoaluminum compound may be removed by distillation from the recovered aluminoxane solution, and then redissolved in a solvent or suspended in a poor aluminoxane solvent.
- organoaluminum compound used in preparing the aluminoxane include the same organoaluminum compounds as those exemplified as the organoaluminum compound (B-1a).
- organoaluminum compound (B-1a) examples include the same organoaluminum compounds as those exemplified as the organoaluminum compound (B-1a).
- trialkylaluminum and tricycloalkylaluminum are preferable, and trimethylaluminum is particularly preferable.
- organoaluminum oxy compound (B-2) examples include modified methylaluminoxane.
- Modified methylaluminoxane is an aluminoxane prepared using trimethylaluminum and an alkylaluminum other than trimethylaluminum. Such a compound is generally called MMAO.
- MMAO can be prepared by the methods listed in US Pat. Nos. 4,960,878 and 5,041,584.
- aluminoxanes prepared by using trimethylaluminum and triisobutylaluminum from Tosoh Finechem Co., Ltd. and having R as an isobutyl group are commercially produced under the names MMAO and TMAO.
- MMAO is an aluminoxane having improved solubility in various solvents and storage stability. Specifically, unlike MMAO, which is insoluble or hardly soluble in benzene, aliphatic hydrocarbons and It has the feature of being soluble in alicyclic hydrocarbons.
- organoaluminum oxy compound (B-2) for example, an organoaluminum oxy compound containing a boron atom, and those exemplified in International Publication No. 2005/066191 and International Publication No. 2007/131010
- An aluminoxane containing a halogen and an ionic aluminoxane as exemplified in WO2003 / 082879 can also be mentioned.
- Compound (B-2) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the ionic compound (B-3) is preferably a compound represented by the general formula (B-3a).
- examples of R e + include H + , carbenium cation, oxonium cation, ammonium cation, phosphonium cation, cycloheptyltrienyl cation, and ferrocenium cation having a transition metal.
- R f to R i are each independently an organic group, preferably an aryl group.
- carbenium cation examples include trisubstituted carbenium cations such as a triphenyl carbenium cation, a tris (methylphenyl) carbenium cation, and a tris (dimethylphenyl) carbenium cation.
- ammonium cation examples include trialkylammonium cations such as trimethylammonium cation, triethylammonium cation, tri (n-propyl) ammonium cation, triisopropylammonium cation, tri (n-butyl) ammonium cation, and triisobutylammonium cation; N N, N-dimethylanilinium cation, N, N-diethylanilinium cation, N, N-2,4,6-pentamethylanilinium cation, etc., N, N-dialkylanilinium cation; diisopropylammonium cation, dicyclohexylammonium cation And dialkyl ammonium cations.
- trialkylammonium cations such as trimethylammonium cation, triethylammonium cation, tri (n-propyl) ammonium cation, triisopropy
- Examples of the phosphonium cation include triarylphosphonium cations such as a triphenylphosphonium cation, a tris (methylphenyl) phosphonium cation, and a tris (dimethylphenyl) phosphonium cation.
- R e + for example, a carbenium cation and an ammonium cation are preferable, and a triphenylcarbenium cation, an N, N-dimethylanilinium cation, and an N, N-diethylanilinium cation are particularly preferable.
- carbenium salt examples include triphenylcarbenium tetraphenylborate, triphenylcarbeniumtetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, triphenylcarbeniumtetrakis (3,5-ditrifluoromethylphenyl) borate, and tris (4-methylphenyl).
- ammonium salts include trialkyl-substituted ammonium salts, N, N-dialkylanilinium salts, and dialkylammonium salts.
- trialkyl-substituted ammonium salt examples include triethylammonium tetraphenylborate, tripropylammonium tetraphenylborate, tri (n-butyl) ammonium tetraphenylborate, trimethylammonium tetrakis (p-tolyl) borate, trimethylammonium tetrakis (o- Tolyl) borate, tri (n-butyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, triethylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, tripropylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, tripropylammonium tetrakis (2,4-dimethyl) Phenyl) borate, tri (n-butyl) ammonium tetrakis (3,5-dimethylpheny
- N, N-dialkylanilinium salts include N, N-dimethylanilinium tetraphenyl borate, N, N-dimethylanilinium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, N, N-dimethylanilinium tetrakis (3, 5-ditrifluoromethylphenyl) borate, N, N-diethylanilinium tetraphenylborate, N, N-diethylanilinium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, N, N-diethylanilinium tetrakis (3,5-ditrifluoro) Methylphenyl) borate, N, N-2,4,6-pentamethylanilinium tetraphenylborate, N, N-2,4,6-pentamethylanilinium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate.
- dialkylammonium salt examples include di (1-propyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate and dicyclohexylammonium tetraphenylborate.
- ionic compound (B-2) other ionic compounds disclosed by the present applicant (eg, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-51676) can be used without limitation.
- the ionic compound (B-2) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Carrier (C) examples include inorganic or organic compounds and granular or particulate solids.
- the transition metal compound (A) is preferably used in a form supported on the carrier (C).
- the inorganic compound in the carrier (C) is preferably a porous oxide, inorganic chloride, clay, clay mineral, or ion-exchangeable layered compound.
- porous oxide examples include oxides such as SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , MgO, ZrO 2 , TiO 2 , B 2 O 3 , CaO, ZnO, BaO, and ThO 2 , or composites containing these, Mixtures can be used.
- natural or synthetic zeolite SiO 2 —MgO, SiO 2 —Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 —TiO 2 , SiO 2 —V 2 O 5 , SiO 2 —Cr 2 O 3 , SiO 2 —TiO 2 —MgO Can be used.
- a porous oxide containing SiO 2 and / or Al 2 O 3 as a main component is preferable.
- the properties of porous oxides vary depending on the type and production method.
- the carrier preferably used in the present invention has a particle size of preferably 1 to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 to 100 ⁇ m; a specific surface area of preferably 50 to 1300 m 2 / g, more preferably 200 to 1200 m 2 / g.
- the pore volume is preferably 0.3 to 3.0 cm 3 / g, more preferably 0.5 to 2.0 cm 3 / g.
- Such a carrier is used after being dried and / or calcined at 100 to 1000 ° C., preferably 150 to 700 ° C., if necessary.
- the particle shape is not particularly limited, but is particularly preferably spherical.
- the inorganic chloride for example, MgCl 2 , MgBr 2 , MnCl 2 , and MnBr 2 are used.
- the inorganic chloride may be used as it is or after being pulverized by a ball mill or a vibration mill. Moreover, after dissolving inorganic chloride in solvent, such as alcohol, what was made to precipitate into a fine particle form with a depositing agent can also be used.
- Clay is usually composed mainly of clay minerals.
- An ion-exchangeable layered compound is a compound having a crystal structure in which planes constituted by ionic bonds and the like are stacked in parallel with a weak binding force, and the contained ions can be exchanged.
- Most clay minerals are ion-exchangeable layered compounds.
- these clays, clay minerals, and ion-exchange layered compounds are not limited to natural ones, and artificial synthetic products can also be used.
- clay, clay mineral or ion-exchangeable layered compound clay, clay mineral, or ion crystalline compound having a layered crystal structure such as hexagonal closest packing type, antimony type, CdCl 2 type, CdI 2 type, etc. It can be illustrated.
- clay and clay minerals examples include kaolin, bentonite, kibushi clay, gyrome clay, allophane, hysinger gel, pyrophyllite, unmo group, montmorillonite group, vermiculite, ryokdeite group, palygorskite, kaolinite, nacrite, dickite, Halloysite, pectolite, teniolite.
- Examples of the ion-exchangeable layered compound include ⁇ -Zr (HAsO 4 ) 2 ⁇ H 2 O, ⁇ -Zr (HPO 4 ) 2 , ⁇ -Zr (KPO 4 ) 2 ⁇ 3H 2 O, ⁇ -Ti (HPO 4 ) 2 , ⁇ -Ti (HAsO 4 ) 2 ⁇ H 2 O, ⁇ -Sn (HPO 4 ) 2 ⁇ H 2 O, ⁇ -Zr (HPO 4 ) 2 , ⁇ -Ti (HPO 4 ) 2 , ⁇ - Examples thereof include crystalline acid salts of polyvalent metals such as Ti (NH 4 PO 4 ) 2 .H 2 O.
- the clay and clay mineral it is also preferable to subject the clay and clay mineral to chemical treatment.
- chemical treatment any of a surface treatment that removes impurities adhering to the surface and a treatment that affects the crystal structure of clay can be used.
- Specific examples of the chemical treatment include acid treatment, alkali treatment, salt treatment, organic matter treatment, and the like.
- the ion-exchangeable layered compound may be a layered compound in a state where the layers are expanded by exchanging the exchangeable ions between the layers with other large and bulky ions using the ion-exchangeability.
- Such bulky ions play a role of supporting pillars to support the layered structure and are usually called pillars.
- introducing another substance between the layers of the layered compound in this way is called intercalation.
- Examples of the guest compounds to be intercalated include, for example, TiCl 4, ZrCl 4 cationic inorganic compounds such as, Ti (OR) 4, Zr (OR) 4, PO (OR) 3, B (OR) 3 or the like of metal Metal hydroxide such as alkoxide (R is hydrocarbon group, etc.), [Al 13 O 4 (OH) 24 ] 7+ , [Zr 4 (OH) 14 ] 2+ , [Fe 3 O (OCOCH 3 ) 6 ] + Examples include physical ions. These compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the pillar include an oxide generated by heat dehydration after intercalation of the metal hydroxide ions between layers.
- a porous oxide containing SiO 2 and / or Al 2 O 3 as a main component is preferable.
- clays or clay minerals particularly preferred are montmorillonite, vermiculite, pectolite, teniolite and synthetic ummo.
- Examples of the organic compound in the carrier (C) include granular or fine particle solids having a particle size in the range of 5 to 300 ⁇ m.
- a (co) polymer produced mainly from an ⁇ -olefin having 2 to 14 carbon atoms such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene and 4-methyl-1-pentene, vinylcyclohexane and styrene are mainly used.
- generated as a component and those modified products can be illustrated.
- Organic compound component (D) is used for the purpose of improving the polymerization performance and the physical properties of the produced polymer, if necessary.
- examples of the organic compound (D) include alcohols, phenolic compounds, carboxylic acids, phosphorus compounds, amides, polyethers, and sulfonates.
- a catalyst component carrying component (B) on component (C) A method of adding the component (A) to the polymerization vessel in an arbitrary order.
- a method in which a catalyst component in which component (A) and component (B) are supported on component (C) is added to a polymerization vessel.
- At least two of the catalyst components may be contacted in advance.
- the component (B) that is not supported may be added in any order as necessary. In this case, the component (B) may be the same or different.
- the solid catalyst component in which the component (C) is supported on the component (C) and the solid catalyst component in which the component (A) and the component (B) are supported on the component (C) In addition, a catalyst component may be further supported on the prepolymerized solid catalyst component.
- the method for producing an olefin polymer of the present invention comprises at least one olefin A selected from ethylene and an ⁇ -olefin having 4 to 30 carbon atoms in the presence of the above-mentioned olefin polymerization catalyst, and, if necessary, propylene and A step of polymerizing.
- olefin A selected from ethylene and an ⁇ -olefin having 4 to 30 carbon atoms in the presence of the above-mentioned olefin polymerization catalyst, and, if necessary, propylene and A step of polymerizing.
- polymerization is used to collectively refer to homopolymerization and copolymerization.
- the term “polymerize olefin in the presence of an olefin polymerization catalyst” means that each component of the olefin polymerization catalyst is added to the polymerization vessel by any method as in the above methods (1) to (5). And an embodiment of polymerizing olefins
- the polymerization can be carried out by either a liquid phase polymerization method such as solution polymerization or suspension polymerization or a gas phase polymerization method.
- a liquid phase polymerization method such as solution polymerization or suspension polymerization or a gas phase polymerization method.
- the inert hydrocarbon medium used in the liquid phase polymerization method include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, decane, dodecane, and kerosene; cyclopentane, cyclohexane, methylcyclopentane, and the like.
- alicyclic hydrocarbons aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene; and halogenated hydrocarbons such as ethylene chloride, chlorobenzene and dichloromethane.
- An inert hydrocarbon medium may be used individually by 1 type, and 2 or more types may be mixed and used for it.
- a so-called bulk polymerization method in which liquefied olefin itself that can be supplied to the polymerization is used as a solvent can also be used.
- the amount of each component that can constitute the olefin polymerization catalyst is as follows.
- the content of each component can be adjusted as follows.
- Component (A) is generally used in an amount of 10 ⁇ 10 to 10 ⁇ 2 mol, preferably 10 ⁇ 8 to 10 ⁇ 3 mol, per liter of reaction volume.
- Component (B-1) has a molar ratio [(B-1) / M] of component (B-1) to all transition metal atoms (M) in component (A) of usually 1 to 50,000, preferably Can be used in an amount of 10 to 20,000, particularly preferably 50 to 10,000.
- Component (B-2) has a molar ratio [Al / M] of aluminum atoms in component (B-2) to all transition metal atoms (M) in component (A) of usually 10 to 5,000, preferably Can be used in an amount of 20 to 2,000.
- Component (B-3) has a molar ratio [(B-3) / M] of component (B-3) to all transition metal atoms (M) in component (A) of usually 1 to 1000, preferably 1 It can be used in an amount of 200.
- the weight ratio of component (A) to component (C) [(A) / (C)] is preferably 0.0001 to 1, more preferably 0.0005 to 0.5. More preferably, it can be used in an amount of 0.001 to 0.1.
- the molar ratio [(D) / (B-1)] is usually 0.01 to 10, preferably 0.
- the molar ratio [(D) / (B-2)] is usually 0.005 to 2, preferably 0.
- the component (B) is the component (B-3) in such an amount as to be from 0.01 to 1
- the molar ratio [(D) / (B-3)] is usually 0.01 to 10, preferably 0.
- the amount can be 1 to 5.
- the polymerization temperature of the olefin is usually ⁇ 50 to + 200 ° C., preferably 0 to 180 ° C .; the polymerization pressure is usually normal pressure to 10 MPa gauge pressure, preferably normal pressure to 5 MPa gauge pressure. is there.
- the polymerization reaction can be carried out in any of batch, semi-continuous and continuous methods. Furthermore, the polymerization can be carried out in two or more stages having different reaction conditions.
- the molecular weight of the resulting olefin polymer can be adjusted by allowing hydrogen or the like to be present in the polymerization system, changing the polymerization temperature, or using the component (B).
- the production method of the present invention can produce an olefin polymer having high stereoregularity, high melting point and high molecular weight while maintaining high catalytic activity even under high temperature conditions advantageous in industrial production methods. It is. Under such high temperature conditions, the polymerization temperature is usually 40 ° C. or higher, preferably 40 to 200 ° C., more preferably 45 to 150 ° C., particularly preferably 50 to 150 ° C. (in other words, particularly preferably industrializable. Temperature.).
- hydrogen can be said to be a preferable additive because it can improve the polymerization activity of the catalyst and increase or decrease the molecular weight of the polymer.
- the amount is suitably about 0.00001 to 100 NL per mole of olefin.
- the hydrogen concentration in the system is not limited to the method of generating or consuming hydrogen in the system, the method of separating hydrogen using a membrane, It can also be adjusted by releasing the gas out of the system.
- a post-treatment step such as a known catalyst deactivation treatment step, a catalyst residue removal step, and a drying step is performed as necessary. It's okay.
- the olefin supplied to the polymerization reaction is at least one olefin A selected from ethylene and an ⁇ -olefin having 4 to 30 carbon atoms, and propylene can be used in combination as necessary. .
- the ⁇ -olefin is an ⁇ -olefin having 4 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably an ⁇ -olefin having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably an ⁇ -olefin having 4 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Examples of ⁇ -olefins include linear or branched ⁇ -olefins.
- Examples of linear or branched ⁇ -olefins include 1-butene, 2-butene, 1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, and 3-methyl.
- Examples include 1-pentene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-heptadecene, 1-octadecene, and 1-icocene.
- the polymerization can also proceed by coexisting in the reaction system at least one selected from a cyclic olefin, an olefin having a polar group, a terminal hydroxylated vinyl compound, and an aromatic vinyl compound. It is also possible to use polyene in combination. Further, other components such as vinylcyclohexane may be copolymerized without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
- cyclic olefin examples include cyclopentene, cycloheptene, norbornene, 5-methyl-2-norbornene, tetracyclododecene, 2-methyl-1,4,5,8-dimethano-1,2,3,4,4a, 5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene.
- ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, fumaric acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride, bicyclo (2,2,1) -5-heptene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride Acids and their metal salts such as sodium, potassium, lithium, zinc, magnesium, calcium, and aluminum salts; Methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid esters such as n-propyl, isopropyl methacrylate
- terminal hydroxylated vinyl compound examples include hydroxyl-1-butene, hydroxyl-1-pentene, hydroxyl-1-hexene, hydroxyl-1-octene, hydroxyl-1-decene, hydroxyl-1- Linear terminal hydroxylated vinyl compounds such as undecene, hydroxyl-1-dodecene, hydroxyl-1-tetradecene, hydroxyl-1-hexadecene, hydroxyl-1-octadecene, hydroxyl-1-octadecene, hydroxyl-1-eicosene; -3-Methyl-1-butene, 3-methyl-1-pentene hydroxide, 4-methyl-1-pentene hydroxide, 3-ethyl-1-pentene hydroxide, 4,4-dimethyl hydroxide 1-pentene, 4-methyl-1-hexene hydroxide, 4,4-dimethyl-1-hexene hydroxide, 4-ethyl-1-hex
- aromatic vinyl compound for example, styrene; o-methyl styrene, m-methyl styrene, p-methyl styrene, o, p-dimethyl styrene, o-ethyl styrene, m-ethyl styrene, p-ethyl styrene, etc.
- polyalkylstyrene methoxystyrene, ethoxystyrene, vinyl benzoic acid, methyl vinyl benzoate, vinyl benzyl acetate, hydroxystyrene, o-chlorostyrene, p-chlorostyrene, divinylbenzene, and other functional group-containing styrene derivatives; 3-phenyl Examples include propylene, 4-phenylpropylene, and ⁇ -methylstyrene.
- the polyene is preferably selected from diene and triene. It is also a preferred embodiment that polyene is used in the range of 0.0001 to 1 mol% with respect to the total olefin supplied to the polymerization reaction.
- dienes examples include 1,4-pentadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, 1,4-hexadiene, 1,4-octadiene, 1,5-octadiene, 1,6-octadiene, 1,7-octadiene, 1, ⁇ , ⁇ -non-conjugated dienes such as 9-decadiene; non-conjugated such as ethylidene norbornene, vinyl norbornene, dicyclopentadiene, 7-methyl-1,6-octadiene, 4-ethylidene-8-methyl-1,7-nonadiene Diene; conjugated dienes such as butadiene and isoprene are exemplified. Among these, ⁇ , ⁇ -nonconjugated dienes and dienes having a norbornene skeleton are preferable.
- triene examples include 6,10-dimethyl-1,5,9-undecatriene, 4,8-dimethyl-1,4,8-decatriene, 5,9-dimethyl-1,4,8-decatriene, 6,9-dimethyl-1,5,8-decatriene, 6,8,9-trimethyl-1,5,8-decatriene, 6-ethyl-10-methyl-1,5,9-undecatriene, 4- Ethylidene-1,6, -octadiene, 7-methyl-4-ethylidene-1,6-octadiene, 4-ethylidene-8-methyl-1,7-nonadiene (EMND), 7-methyl-4-ethylidene-1, 6-nonadiene, 7-ethyl-4-ethylidene-1,6-nonadiene, 6,7-dimethyl-4-ethylidene-1,6-octadiene, 6,7-dimethyl-4-ethylidene-1,
- non-conjugated triene having a double bond at the terminal 4,8-dimethyl-1,4,8-decatriene, 4-ethylidene-8-methyl-1,7-nonadiene (EMND) is preferable.
- Diene or triene may be used alone or in combination of two or more. A combination of diene and triene may also be used.
- the polyenes ⁇ , ⁇ -nonconjugated dienes and polyenes having a norbornene skeleton are particularly preferable.
- At least one of the supplied olefins A is ethylene, 1-butene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene and 1-decene.
- ethylene homopolymerization ethylene / propylene copolymer, ethylene / 1-butene copolymer, 1-butene homopolymer, 1-butene / ethylene copolymer, 1-butene / propylene copolymer, 1-butene / 1 -Hexene copolymerization, 1-butene / 1-octene copolymerization, ethylene / 1-butene / propylene copolymerization, ethylene / 1-butene / 1-octene copolymerization, 4-methyl-1-pentene homopolymerization, 4-methyl -1-pentene / propylene copolymer, 4-methyl-1-pentene / 1-hexene copolymer, 4-methyl-1-pentene / 1-octene copolymer, 4-methyl-1 -Pentene / 1-decene copolymerization, 4-methyl-1-pentene / 1-hexadec
- olefin A selected from ethylene and an ⁇ -olefin having 4 to 30 carbon atoms and propylene used as necessary
- olefin A propylene (molar ratio) when propylene is used.
- it is 1: 100 to 5000: 1, preferably 1:50 to 1000: 1.
- the olefin polymer of the present invention polymerizes at least one olefin A selected from ethylene and an ⁇ -olefin having 4 to 30 carbon atoms and, if necessary, propylene in the presence of the above-mentioned catalyst for olefin polymerization. Can be obtained.
- the olefin polymer of the present invention comprises a total of more than 50 mol% and not more than 100 mol%, preferably 55 to 100 mol%, of structural units derived from at least one selected from ethylene and an ⁇ -olefin having 4 to 30 carbon atoms, Preferably, it is contained in the range of 70 to 100 mol%, and the structural unit derived from propylene is contained in the range of 0 to less than 50 mol%, preferably 0 to 45 mol%, more preferably 0 to 30 mol%.
- the total of the content of structural units derived from at least one selected from ethylene and ⁇ -olefins having 4 to 30 carbon atoms and the content of structural units derived from propylene is 100 mol%.
- the olefin polymer of the present invention comprises a total of 50 mol% of structural units derived from at least one selected from ethylene, 1-butene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene and 1-decene. It is preferable to include more.
- a 1-butene polymer containing more than 50 mol% of structural units derived from 1-butene, and 4-methyl containing more than 50 mol% of structural units derived from 4-methyl-1-pentene is particularly preferred.
- the weight average molecular weight measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) method is preferably 10,000 to 5,000,000, more preferably 50,000 to 3,000,000, particularly preferably 100,000 to 250. It is ten thousand.
- the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn), which is the ratio of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn), is preferably 1.0 to 8.0, more preferably 1.5 to 5.0, and particularly preferably Is 1.8 to 3.5.
- the intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] is preferably 0.1 to 20 dl / g, more preferably 0.3 to 10 dl / g, and further preferably 0.5 to 8 dl / g.
- the stereoregularity due to the ⁇ -olefin-derived structural unit is preferably an isotactic structure or a hemiisotactic structure, and more preferably a meso-dyad fraction measured by 13 C-NMR. Is 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, still more preferably 90% or more, and particularly preferably 95% or more.
- the olefin polymer of the present invention has the above constitution and physical properties (particularly high stereoregularity), it has a high melting point, high heat resistance, high mechanical properties such as high rigidity and high strength, and the like. Or an amorphous or low crystalline olefin polymer having both viscous and elastic properties.
- a part of the olefin polymer according to the present invention may be graft-modified with a polar monomer.
- polar monomers include hydroxyl group-containing ethylenically unsaturated compounds, amino group-containing ethylenically unsaturated compounds, epoxy group-containing ethylenically unsaturated compounds, aromatic vinyl compounds, unsaturated carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, and vinyl ester compounds. , Vinyl chloride, vinyl group-containing organosilicon compounds, carbodiimide compounds, and the like.
- an unsaturated carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof, and a vinyl group-containing organosilicon compound are particularly preferable.
- unsaturated carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof include unsaturated compounds having one or more carboxylic acid groups, esters of compounds having carboxylic acid groups and alkyl alcohols, unsaturated compounds having one or more carboxylic anhydride groups, and the like.
- unsaturated group include a vinyl group, a vinylene group, and an unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon group. Conventionally known compounds can be used for these compounds and are not particularly limited.
- Such derivatives include methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, dimethyl maleate, monomethyl maleate, dimethyl fumarate, dimethyl itaconate, diethyl citraconic acid, dimethyl tetrahydrophthalate, dimethyl nadic acid (endocis-bicyclo [2 , 2,1] hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylate), maleyl chloride, maleimide, maleic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, monomethyl maleate, dimethyl maleate, glycidyl maleate and the like.
- These unsaturated carboxylic acids and derivatives thereof can be used singly or in combination of two or more. Of these, unsaturated dicarboxylic acids or acid anhydrides thereof are preferred, and maleic acid, nadic acid [trademark] or acid anhydrides thereof are particularly preferably used.
- vinyl group-containing organosilicon compound conventionally known compounds can be used and are not particularly limited. Specifically, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltris ( ⁇ -methoxy-ethoxysilane), ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxy Silane, 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethylethoxysilane, p-styryltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropylmethyl Dimethylmethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, N
- ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane Preferred are vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane that have low steric hindrance and high graft modification efficiency.
- the polar monomer is usually used in an amount of 1 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 80 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the olefin polymer of the present invention.
- the polar monomer can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- This graft polymerization is usually carried out in the presence of a radical initiator.
- an organic peroxide or an azo compound can be used as the radical initiator.
- conventionally known ones can be used, such as digamyl peroxide, di-t-butyl peroxide, di-t-butylperoxy-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, t-butyl.
- the radical initiator can be used as it is by mixing it with the polymer and the polar monomer, but can also be used after being dissolved in a small amount of an organic solvent. Any organic solvent that can dissolve the radical initiator can be used without particular limitation.
- a reducing substance may be used.
- the graft amount of the polar monomer can be improved.
- Graft modification can be performed by a conventionally known method.
- the polymer is dissolved in an organic solvent, and then a polar monomer and a radical initiator are added to the solution, and the temperature is 60 to 260 ° C., preferably 80 to 200 ° C.
- the reaction can be carried out for 0.5 to 15 hours, preferably 1 to 10 hours.
- it can be produced by reacting a polymer and a polar monomer in the absence of a solvent using an extruder or the like. This reaction is usually carried out at a temperature not lower than the melting point of the polymer, specifically 120 to 300 ° C., usually for 0.5 to 10 minutes.
- the modified amount of the polymer obtained by the above method (the graft amount of the polar monomer) is usually 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 30% by weight, based on 100% by weight of the polymer after graft modification. %, More preferably 0.2 to 10% by weight.
- the polymer when the polymer contains a graft-modified polymer, the adhesiveness and compatibility with other resins are excellent, and the wettability of the surface of the molded body can be improved. Further, the graft-modified polymer can be suitably used for a crosslinked electric wire and a crosslinked pipe by crosslinking.
- the halogen-modified olefin polymer obtained by halogenating the olefin polymer according to the present invention is used as a macroinitiator, and by atom transfer radical polymerization of the radical polymerizable monomer, the polyolefin segment and the polar polymer segment are chemically synthesized. Bonded block / graft copolymers can also be obtained.
- the macroinitiator is a polymer having the ability to initiate atom transfer radical polymerization, and represents a polymer having a site that can serve as an initiation point for atom transfer radical polymerization in the molecular chain.
- the halogen-modified olefin polymer is produced by reacting the olefin polymer according to the present invention with a halogenating agent.
- the halogenating agent is not particularly limited as long as it can produce a halogen-modified olefin polymer by halogenating the olefin polymer according to the present invention.
- the reaction of the olefin polymer and the halogenating agent according to the present invention is preferably performed in an inert gas atmosphere.
- the inert gas include inert gases such as nitrogen, argon, and helium.
- a solvent can be used for the said reaction as needed. Any solvent can be used as long as it does not inhibit the reaction. Examples thereof include aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene, toluene and xylene, fats such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane and decane.
- Chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents such as cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane and decahydronaphthalene, chlorination of chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, tetrachloroethylene, tetrachloroethane, etc.
- Hydrocarbon solvents such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol and tert-butanol, keto such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone System solvent; ester solvents such as ethyl acetate and dimethyl phthalate; dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, di -n- amyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and ether solvents such as dioxy anisole and the like.
- alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol and tert-butanol
- keto such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone System solvent
- ester solvents such as ethyl acetate and di
- a radical initiator can be added as necessary to accelerate the reaction.
- examples of the radical initiator include the above radical initiators.
- the olefin polymer is suspended or dissolved in a solvent, usually at a temperature of ⁇ 80 ° C. to 250 ° C., preferably at a temperature not lower than room temperature and not higher than the boiling point of the solvent. Or the like, or a method of bringing the olefin polymer into contact with a halogenating agent and, if necessary, a radical initiator under melt kneading at a temperature higher than its melting point, for example, 180 to 300 ° C. Can be mentioned.
- the polar polymer segment is a homopolymer or copolymer of one or more monomers selected from radically polymerizable monomers.
- the radical polymerizable monomer include (meth) acrylic acid, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid-n-propyl, and isopropyl (meth) acrylate.
- nitrile group-containing vinyl monomers such as acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, (meth) acrylamide, N-methyl (meth) acrylamide, N-ethyl (meth) acrylamide, N-propyl (meth) acrylamide, N -Biamide containing amide groups such as isopropyl (meth) acrylamide, N-butyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-dimethyl (meth) acrylamide, etc.
- the atom transfer radical polymerization can be performed by a conventionally known method, and the polymerization method is not particularly limited, and bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, bulk / suspension polymerization, and the like can be applied.
- the reaction temperature may be any temperature as long as the radical polymerization reaction proceeds, and is not uniform depending on the degree of polymerization of the desired polymer and the type and amount of the radical initiator and solvent used. 250 ° C.
- the olefin polymer according to the present invention includes a weather resistance stabilizer, a heat resistance stabilizer, an antistatic agent, a slip agent, an antiblocking agent, a foaming agent, and a crystallization aid, as necessary, within a range that does not impair the object of the invention.
- Antifogging agent (transparent) nucleating agent, lubricant, pigment, dye, plasticizer, anti-aging agent, hydrochloric acid absorbent, antioxidant, release agent, impact modifier, anti-UV agent (ultraviolet absorber), filling
- Additives such as an agent, a crosslinking agent, a co-crosslinking agent, a crosslinking aid, an adhesive, a softening agent, a flame retardant, and a processing aid may be blended.
- the amount of the additive is not particularly limited, but is usually 0 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 0 to 30 parts by weight, more preferably 0 to 10 parts by weight, and particularly preferably 0 to 100 parts by weight of the olefin polymer. To 1 part by weight.
- antioxidant known antioxidants can be used. Specifically, a hindered phenol compound, a sulfur-based antioxidant, a lactone-based antioxidant, an organic phosphite compound, an organic phosphonite compound, or a combination of these can be used.
- a known nucleating agent can be used to further improve the moldability of the olefin polymer, that is, to increase the crystallization temperature and increase the crystallization speed.
- the amount of the nucleating agent is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 1 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the olefin polymer.
- the nucleating agent can be appropriately added during polymerization, after polymerization, or during molding.
- a known lubricant can be used as the lubricant.
- Specific examples include sodium, calcium, and magnesium salts of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids such as lauric acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, etc., and these may be used alone or in admixture of two or more. Can do.
- the blending amount of the lubricant is not particularly limited, but is usually about 0.1 to 3 parts by weight, preferably about 0.1 to 2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymer composition.
- a known slip agent can be used. Specifically, it is preferable to use amides of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids such as lauric acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, erucic acid, and ariaic acid, or bisamides of these saturated or unsaturated fatty acids. Of these, erucic acid amide and ethylene bisstearamide are particularly preferred. These fatty acid amides are preferably blended in the range of usually 0.01 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymer composition.
- antiblocking agent known antiblocking agents can be used. Specifically, fine powder silica, fine powder aluminum oxide, fine powder clay, powdered or liquid silicon resin, tetrafluoroethylene resin, fine powder cross-linked resin, for example, cross-linked acrylic, methacrylic resin powder, etc. it can. Of these, fine powder silica and crosslinked acrylic and methacrylic resin powders are preferred.
- softeners conventionally known softeners can be used. Specifically, petroleum-based substances such as process oil, lubricating oil, paraffins, liquid paraffin, polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, petroleum asphalt and petroleum jelly; coal tars such as coal tar and coal tar pitch; castor oil and linseed oil Fatty oils such as rapeseed oil, soybean oil and coconut oil; waxes such as tall oil, beeswax, carnauba wax and lanolin; ricinoleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, montanic acid, oleic acid and Fatty acids such as erucic acid or metal salts thereof; synthetic polymers such as petroleum resins, coumarone indene resins and atactic polypropylene; ester plasticizers such as dioctyl phthalate, dioctyl adipate and dioctyl sebacate; other microcris Phosphorus waxes
- crosslinking agent a conventionally known crosslinking agent can be used.
- specific examples include organic peroxides such as dicumyl peroxide and 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-tert-butylperoxyhexyne, sulfur, morpholine disulfide, and the like. It can be used in combination with agents such as stearic acid and zinc oxide.
- sulfur it is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the olefin polymer.
- the amount is preferably 0.05 to 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the olefin polymer.
- SiH group-containing compound it is usually 0.2 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 10 parts by weight, most preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the olefin polymer. is there.
- SiH group containing compound you may add a silane coupling agent and / or reaction inhibitor as a catalyst and arbitrary components.
- the novel 1-butene polymer of the present invention has a mesopentad fraction (mmmm) measured by 13 C-NMR of 98.0% or more and 99.8% or less, preferably 98.5% or more and 99.5% or less. Particularly preferably, it is 99.0% or more and 99.4% or less.
- the novel 1-butene polymer of the present invention has substantially no structure derived from positional irregularity.
- “Substantially” means the ratio of regioregular units based on 2,1-insertion of 1-butene monomer in all 1-butene constituent units determined from 13 C-NMR spectrum (hereinafter referred to as “2,1”).
- the amount of regioregular units based on 1,4-insertion (hereinafter also referred to as “1,4-bond amount”) is 0.1 mol% or less, It means preferably 0.06 mol% or less, particularly preferably below the detection limit.
- mmmm is lower than the lower limit or the 1-butene polymer has position irregularity, heat resistance and rigidity may be insufficient, and if mmmm exceeds the upper limit, moldability may deteriorate. is there.
- the novel 1-butene polymer of the present invention has a melting point Tm measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) (temperature increase rate: 10 ° C./min), preferably 90 to 150 ° C., more preferably 100 to 100 ° C. 140 ° C., more preferably 120 ° C. to 140 ° C.
- Tm measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) (temperature increase rate: 10 ° C./min)
- DSC differential scanning calorimetry
- the novel 1-butene polymer of the present invention preferably has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) and a molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) in the range described in the column of [Olefin polymer].
- the intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] is preferably 0.1 to 10 dl / g, more preferably 0.3 to 5 dl / g, still more preferably 0.5 to 4 dl / g.
- the novel 1-butene polymer of the present invention has an elution start temperature (temperature at which the cumulative elution weight% becomes 0.5% by weight) in the cross fractionation chromatography (CFC) using o-dichlorobenzene as an eluent.
- [T S ] and elution end temperature temperature at which cumulative elution weight% becomes 99% by weight
- the accumulated elution amount at the temperature [T X ] is preferably 40% by weight or more.
- the cumulative elution amount at the temperature [T X ] is preferably 80% by weight or less, more preferably 70% by weight or less.
- This index shows that the elution ratio on the low temperature side in the elution region in the CFC measurement of the 1-butene polymer of the present invention is higher than that of conventionally known 1-butene polymers. It is relatively large.
- a highly stereoregular 1-butene polymer has a thick crystal phase and tends to increase the elution component on the high temperature side in CFC measurement as compared with a low stereoregular 1-butene polymer.
- the 1-butene polymer of the present invention shows the opposite tendency. That is, the 1-butene polymer of the present invention has a relatively high elution ratio on the low temperature side in CFC measurement despite having high stereoregularity as compared with conventionally known 1-butene polymers (See FIG. 1).
- a polymer with high stereoregularity has a higher yield stress due to the thickening of the crystal phase, which may cause deterioration of moldability and stretchability.
- the 1-butene polymer of the present invention which exhibits a characteristic behavior in CFC measurement has a high tensile elastic modulus derived from high stereoregularity, the yield stress is conventionally known 1-butene weight. Equivalent to coalescence. Therefore, the 1-butene polymer of the present invention can be said to be a material having an excellent rigidity / yield stress balance.
- the novel 1-butene polymer of the present invention is a 1-butene polymer consisting essentially only of structural units derived from 1-butene, but includes comonomer-derived structural units within the scope of the present invention. You may go out. “Substantially” means that the proportion of the structural unit derived from 1-butene is 95% by weight or more.
- a comonomer the olefin described in the column of [The manufacturing method of an olefin polymer] is mentioned, for example.
- the 1-butene polymer having the above constitution and physical properties is, for example, 1-butene and, if necessary, a comonomer (eg, ethylene, propylene, and carbon number 5 in the presence of the olefin polymerization catalyst of the present invention described above. And at least one olefin selected from ⁇ -olefins of ⁇ 30).
- a comonomer eg, ethylene, propylene, and carbon number 5
- olefin polymerization catalyst of the present invention described above.
- olefin polymerization catalyst of the present invention described above.
- olefin polymerization catalyst of the present invention e.g, ethylene, propylene, and carbon number 5
- olefin polymerization catalyst of the present invention e.g, ethylene, propylene, and carbon number 5
- at least one olefin selected from ⁇ -olefins of ⁇ 30 olefin selected from ⁇ -ole
- the 1-butene polymer of the present invention having the above constitution and characteristics can be synthesized by, for example, the above method, and is presumed to have many uniform and thin lamellar structures.
- the lamellar structure is considered to be a cause of the characteristic CFC measurement result in the 1-butene polymer.
- the 1-butene polymer of the present invention may be subjected to post-treatment steps such as a known catalyst deactivation treatment step, a catalyst residue removal step, and a drying step, if necessary, after synthesis by the above method.
- post-treatment steps such as a known catalyst deactivation treatment step, a catalyst residue removal step, and a drying step, if necessary, after synthesis by the above method.
- the 1-butene polymer of the present invention has mechanical properties such as high heat resistance, high rigidity, and high strength because its primary structure is controlled within the specific range as described above.
- the olefin polymer of the present invention has a higher melting point and higher stereoregularity than conventional olefin polymers.
- the 1-butene polymer of the present invention preferably has an excellent balance of rigidity / yield stress because the cumulative elution amount at a temperature [T X ] by CFC measurement is in a specific range.
- the 1-butene polymer of the present invention has the above properties (high heat resistance, rigidity / yield stress balance), so it can be preferably used as a material for pipes, films, sheets and the like. In particular, when used as a pipe, it can be considered to be excellent in heat-resistant creep characteristics.
- the first 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer according to the present invention has the following requirement (a) (for structural units), requirement (b) (for stereoregularity), requirement (c) (heat of fusion ⁇ Hm) About the relationship of the melting point Tm).
- the amount of structural units derived from 4-methyl-1-pentene is 100 to 80 mol%, preferably 100 to 90 mol%, and carbon
- the amount of structural units derived from at least one selected from olefins of 2 to 30 (excluding 4-methyl-1-pentene) is 0 to 20 mol%, preferably 0 to 10 mol%.
- 4-methyl-1-pentene is also referred to as “4MP1”
- 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer is also referred to as “4MP1 polymer”.
- the total of the amount of the structural unit derived from 4MP1 and the amount of the structural unit derived from at least one selected from olefins having 2 to 30 carbon atoms (excluding the 4MP1 monomer) is preferably 100 mol%.
- the olefin is preferably an ⁇ -olefin.
- these olefins include olefins described in the column of [Method for producing olefin polymer]. Preferred are ⁇ -olefins having 2 to 20 carbon atoms (excluding 4MP1 monomer).
- examples include ⁇ -olefins such as butene, 3-methyl-1-pentene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-hexadecene, 1-heptadecene, 1-octadecene, and particularly preferably propylene, 1-hexene, 1-octene. , 1-decene, 1-hexadecene and 1-octadecene.
- the mesodyad fraction (m) measured by 13 C-NMR is 98.5% or more and 100% or less. “M” is preferably 99% or more and 100% or less. When “m” is below the lower limit, heat resistance and rigidity may be insufficient.
- Relational expression (1) ⁇ Hm ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ Tm ⁇ 76
- preferred ranges of ⁇ Hm and Tm are as follows.
- the first 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer according to the present invention has a melting point Tm measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) (heating rate: 10 ° C./min), preferably 100 to 260 ° C. More preferably, the temperature is 110 to 250 ° C, more preferably 150 to 250 ° C, still more preferably 152 to 250 ° C, particularly preferably 175 to 250 ° C, and most preferably 190 to 250 ° C.
- DSC differential scanning calorimetry
- the first 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer according to the present invention preferably has a heat of fusion ⁇ Hm measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) (heating rate: 10 ° C./min), preferably 5 to 80 J / G, more preferably 10 to 60 J / g.
- DSC differential scanning calorimetry
- Relational expression (1) indicates that the first 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention has a higher heat of fusion than the conventionally known 4MP1 polymer (see FIG. 3). Specifically, the first 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention has a feature that the heat of fusion ( ⁇ Hm) at the same melting point (Tm) is larger than that of the conventionally known 4MP1 polymer, that is, the crystallinity is high. Have. Since the conventionally known 4MP1 polymer usually has a high melting point but a small heat of fusion, it can be said that the first 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention exhibits excellent characteristics.
- the first 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention has the following excellent characteristics.
- the toughness such as elongation at break is generally lowered instead of the rigidity such as tensile modulus.
- the elongation at break does not decrease even though the tensile modulus is increased. (See FIG. 2). This is a very characteristic behavior in crystalline polymers.
- the first 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention preferably has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) and a molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) in the range described in the column of [Olefin polymer].
- the intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] is preferably 0.1 to 20 dl / g, more preferably 0.2 to 10 dl / g, still more preferably 0.5 to 8 dl / g.
- the first 4MP1 polymer having the above structure and physical properties is, for example, 4MP1 in the presence of the above-described olefin polymerization catalyst of the present invention and, if necessary, a comonomer (eg, ⁇ -carbon having 2 to 30 carbon atoms). It can be obtained by polymerizing with an olefin (however, at least one olefin selected from 4MP1). The details of the polymerization conditions are as described in the column [Method for producing olefin polymer].
- the first 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention having the above configuration and characteristics can be synthesized, for example, by the above method.
- the characteristics of the first 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention include that the 4MP1 polymer obtained by the above method has high stereoregularity, and that the average chain length of 4MP1 in the polymer is that of a normal 4MP1 polymer. It can be inferred that one of the factors is short. As a result, it is considered that the thickness and spherulite size of the crystal lamella formed in the first 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention are smaller than those of a normal 4MP1 polymer. On the other hand, since the first 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention has high stereoregularity, the crystallinity becomes high.
- the first 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention compared with the normal 4MP1 polymer, (1) the long period of the crystal structure is short and many smaller spherulites are formed, (2) It is considered that the thickness and spherulite size of the formed crystal lamella are extremely uniform.
- the first 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention is considered to have the above crystal structure characteristics, the following inference can be made. Even if the normal 4MP1 polymer has high crystallinity and high rigidity, the crystal structure size is non-uniform, and therefore, a portion having strong resistance against tensile deformation and a portion having weak resistance are mixed, In particular, breakage is easily caused by a portion having a weak resistance to tensile deformation. On the other hand, in the first 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention, since there is little non-uniformity in the crystal structure, the resistance to tensile deformation is uniform in the space, there is no part that triggers breakage, and the elongation at break is Is not expected to decline.
- the first 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention has the above properties (stiffness / toughness balance), it is suitably used as a material for films, sheets, tubes, injection molded products, hollow molded products, fibers and the like.
- packaging film, release film, breathable film, reflective film, release paper for synthetic leather, medical tube, industrial tube, food container, heat-resistant container, medical container, animal cage, physics laboratory equipment, rubber hose manufacture As a material for mandrels and non-woven fabrics, as well as resin property modifiers such as coating properties, clearing modifiers, thermoplastic resin modifiers, release properties, gas barrier properties such as polyolefins, elastomers, rubber modifiers, It is considered suitable for molding modifiers, compatibilizers (graft modification) and the like.
- the first 4MP1 polymer can be processed into a fine powder by pulverization.
- the fine powder obtained is used as an additive for ink compositions and coating compositions, as an additive for powder compositions for metallurgy, as an additive for powder compositions for sintering ceramics, as an additive for adhesives, and as a rubber
- it can be used as a mold release agent or the like as a toner release agent.
- the obtained fine powder is used as a resin additive for shafts, gears, cams, electrical parts, camera parts, automobile parts, parts for household goods, wax, grease, engine oil, fine ceramics, plating, etc. It can also be used as a resin additive.
- the second 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer according to the present invention has the following requirements (d) (for structural units), requirements (e) (for stereoregularity), requirements (f) (for melting point Tm) Satisfy.
- the amount of structural units derived from 4-methyl-1-pentene is more than 50 mol% and less than 80 mol%, and having 2 to 30 carbon atoms.
- the amount of structural units derived from at least one selected from olefins (excluding 4-methyl-1-pentene) is more than 20 mol% and less than 50 mol%.
- the constituent unit amount derived from 4MP1 is preferably more than 50 mol% and less than 78 mol%, and the constituent unit amount derived from olefin is preferably more than 22 mol% and less than 50 mol%.
- the total of the structural unit amount derived from 4MP1 and the structural unit amount derived from at least one selected from olefins having 2 to 30 carbon atoms (excluding 4MP1) is preferably 100 mol%.
- the olefin is preferably an ⁇ -olefin.
- these olefins include olefins described in the column of [Method for producing olefin polymer]. Preferred are ⁇ -olefins having 2 to 20 carbon atoms (excluding 4MP1 monomer). From the viewpoint of copolymerization, ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, 3-methyl-1- Examples include ⁇ -olefins such as butene, 3-methyl-1-pentene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-hexadecene, 1-heptadecene, and 1-octadecene. Particularly preferred are ethylene, propylene, and 1-butene. Can be mentioned.
- the mesodyad fraction (m) measured by 13 C-NMR is 98.5% or more and 100% or less.
- M is preferably 99% or more and 100% or less.
- the melting point Tm measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is less than 100 ° C. or substantially Does not exist.
- substantially no melting point means that the heat of fusion ⁇ Hm (unit: J / g) measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) (temperature increase rate: 10 ° C./min) is substantially That is not observed.
- the second 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer according to the present invention is an amorphous or low-crystalline polymer.
- the second 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention preferably has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) and a molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) in the range described in the column of [Olefin polymer].
- the intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] is preferably 0.1 to 20 dl / g, more preferably 0.2 to 10 dl / g, still more preferably 0.5 to 8 dl / g.
- the second 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention has a gel fraction by boiling p-xylene (solvent) extraction of preferably 0 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0 to 5% by weight, particularly preferably. Is in the range of 0 to 0.5% by weight. Although the polymer has a low gel fraction, it exhibits excellent elastic properties.
- the second 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention satisfying the above requirements (d) to (f) has a 4MP1 content comparable to that of a conventionally known amorphous or low crystalline 4MP1 polymer.
- the loss tangent (tan ⁇ ) measured by dynamic viscoelasticity is high, and the compression set, which is an index of elastic properties, does not decrease.
- the second 4MP1 polymer having the above structure and physical properties is, for example, 4MP1 in the presence of the above-described olefin polymerization catalyst of the present invention and, if necessary, a comonomer (eg, ⁇ -carbon having 2 to 30 carbon atoms). It can be obtained by polymerizing with an olefin (however, at least one olefin selected from 4MP1). The details of the polymerization conditions are as described in the column [Method for producing olefin polymer].
- the second 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention having the above configuration and characteristics can be synthesized by, for example, the above method.
- the present inventors presume that the above characteristics of the second 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention are manifested for the following reason.
- the governing factor of the above-mentioned viscous property (G ′′) is the magnitude of the frictional force between the molecular chains, which is determined by the primary structure (monomer). Therefore, in the 4MP1 polymer, it is determined only by the copolymer composition. If the content of 4MP1 is about the same, it is considered that there is no significant difference between the second 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention and the normal 4MP1 polymer.
- the compression set is smaller in the second 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention and is excellent in strain recovery.
- the following reason can be guessed as this reason.
- the 4MP1 polymer it is known that an agglomerated structure having a spatial order of about several hundred nm exists even in a non-crystallized amorphous region. The formation of such an aggregate structure is thought to be due to the low molecular mobility resulting from the rigidity of the 4MP1 polymer chain (derived from the bulkiness of the side chain).
- the size of the aggregated structure existing in such an amorphous region is non-uniform and the existence ratio is low.
- the size of the agglomerated structure existing in the amorphous region is uniform and the existence ratio is large. This is because the second 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention has a high stereoregularity even when it is non-crystalline, and has a structure that easily aggregates.
- This agglomerated structure in the amorphous region is considered to act as a “pseudo-crosslinking point” against externally applied deformation such as compression and tension. Therefore, it is considered that the greater the ratio of the pseudo cross-linking points, the larger the deformation recovery amount when the deformation such as compression is released. It can be inferred that this is the reason why the compression set does not decrease in the second 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention even though tan ⁇ is high.
- the second 4MP1 polymer according to the present invention has the above viscoelastic properties, it is a material such as a vibration damping material, a vibration proof material, a sound proof material, a shock absorber, and a sound insulation material as a film, a sheet, and an injection molded body. Is preferably used.
- audio equipment OA equipment, industrial machinery, automobiles, railroads, bridges, anti-vibration mats, anti-vibration dampers, interior materials for ships, etc .
- damping materials, anti-vibration materials, soundproofing for home appliances such as air conditioners and washing machines Shock absorbers such as mouth guards, protectors for sports, protectors for nursing care, mats, and inner soles of shoes
- adhesive materials such as adhesive films and protective film adhesive layers; process protective films for semiconductors; sports equipment and stationery ⁇ Grip materials for health products
- polyolefin modifiers such as polypropylene, poly-4-methyl-1-pentene, polybutene, and polyethylene, elastomer modifiers, rubber modifiers, acrylic adhesive modifiers, hot melt Molding modifiers such as adhesive modifiers, flow mark modifiers, weld modifiers, surface modifiers, gas barrier modifiers, release agents Sex modifier resin modifier such as is believed to be suitable for the compatibilizer (graft modification), or the like.
- the second 4MP1 polymer can be processed into a fine powder by pulverization.
- the obtained fine powder is used as an additive for ink compositions such as vibration-damping paints and paint compositions, as an additive for powder compositions for metallurgy, as an additive for powder compositions for ceramic sintering, It can be used as an additive.
- the molded article of the present invention comprises the above-mentioned olefin polymer, 1-butene polymer or 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer.
- olefin polymers are produced by various molding methods such as injection molding, extrusion molding, injection stretch blow molding, blow molding, cast molding, calendar molding, press molding, stamping molding, inflation molding, and roll molding. It can be processed into a desired molded article, for example, a film, a sheet, a hollow molded article, an injection molded article, a fiber and the like.
- containers include food containers such as tableware, seasoning containers, retort containers, frozen storage containers, retort pouches, heat-resistant containers for microwave ovens, frozen food containers, frozen dessert cups, cups, baby bottles, beverage bottles, retort containers, bottles
- food containers such as tableware, seasoning containers, retort containers, frozen storage containers, retort pouches, heat-resistant containers for microwave ovens, frozen food containers, frozen dessert cups, cups, baby bottles, beverage bottles, retort containers, bottles
- transfusion sets medical bottles, medical containers, medical hollow bottles, medical bags, infusion bags, blood storage bags, infusion bottle chemical containers, detergent containers, softener containers, bleach containers, shampoos Containers, rinse containers, cosmetic containers, perfume containers, toner containers, powder containers, adhesive containers, gasoline tank containers, kerosene containers, and the like.
- packaging materials include food packaging materials, meat packaging materials, processed fish packaging materials, vegetable packaging materials, fruit packaging materials, fermented food packaging materials, confectionery packaging materials, oxygen absorbent packaging materials, retort food packaging materials, and freshness.
- Retaining film, pharmaceutical packaging material, cell culture bag, cell inspection film, bulb packaging material, seed packaging material, film for vegetable / mushroom cultivation, heat-resistant vacuum forming container, side dish container, side dish cover, commercial wrap film, home use Examples include wrap film and baking cartons.
- films, sheets, and tapes include: Release film for flexible printed circuit boards, release film for ACM boards, release film for rigid boards, release film for rigid flexible boards, release film for advanced composite materials, release film for curing carbon fiber composites, glass fiber Release film for curing composite material, Release film for curing aramid fiber composite material, Release film for curing nanocomposite material, Release film for curing filler filler, Release film for semiconductor sealing, Release film for polarizing plate Release film for diffusion sheet, release film for prism sheet, release film for reflection sheet, cushion film for release film, release film for fuel cell, release film for various rubber sheets, release film for urethane curing Release films such as epoxy curing release films, Solar cell sealing sheet, solar cell back sheet, solar cell plastic film, battery separator, lithium ion battery separator, fuel cell electrolyte membrane, adhesive / adhesive separator, light guide plate, optical disk, Substrates / adhesive materials / separators for semiconductor process films such as dicing tape, back grind tape, die bonding film, double-layer FCCL
- packing materials used for high temperature processing such as boiling and high-pressure steam sterilization, industrial sealing materials
- Cap liners such as industrial sewing machine tables, license plate housings, PET bottle cap liners, Protective film adhesive layer, adhesive material such as hot melt adhesive, Laboratory equipment such as stationery, office supplies, OA printer legs, FAX legs, sewing machine legs, motor support mats, audio vibration isolators, precision equipment and OA equipment support members, heat-resistant packing for OA, animal cages, beakers, graduated cylinders, etc.
- Fiber applications include monofilaments, multifilaments, cut fibers, hollow fibers, non-woven fabrics, stretchable non-woven fabrics, fibers, waterproof fabrics, breathable fabrics and fabrics, disposable diapers, sanitary products, sanitary products, filters, bag filters, Filter for dust collection, air cleaner, hollow fiber filter, water filter, filter cloth, filter paper, gas separation membrane, Etc.
- coating materials films obtained by coating, sheets, release materials, water repellent materials, insulating films, adhesives, adhesive materials, coated paper, transparent sealants, sealants, hot melt adhesives, solvent adhesives It is also suitably used for adhesives, film-like adhesives, cloth tapes, craft tapes, elastic adhesives and the like.
- Intrinsic viscosity [Measurement methods for various physical properties]
- Intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ]
- the specific viscosity ⁇ sp at 135 ° C. was determined for decalin using an automatic kinematic viscosity measuring device VMR-053PC manufactured by Koiso Co., Ltd. and a modified Ubbelohde capillary viscometer, and the intrinsic viscosity ([ ⁇ ]) was calculated from the following formula.
- TSKgel GMH6-HT and TSKgel GMH6-HTL two columns each having an inner diameter of 7.5 mm and a length of 300 mm were used.
- Tm differential refractometer melting point
- Tc crystallization temperature
- ⁇ Hm heat of fusion
- CFC analysis ⁇ melting point
- crystallization temperature of butene homopolymer obtained by atmospheric polymerization> Using RDC220 manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc., a sample of about 5 mg was heated from 30 ° C. to 200 ° C.
- the sample measured as described above was allowed to stand at 23 ° C. for 10 days or more, and then heated from 30 ° C. to 200 ° C. at 10 ° C./min.
- the peak of the crystal melting peak observed at the time of temperature rise was taken as the melting point (Tm).
- the sample was allowed to stand at room temperature (20 to 25 ° C.) for 10 days or more, and then heated from 30 ° C. to 200 ° C. at 10 ° C./min. After holding at 200 ° C. for 5 minutes, it was cooled to 30 ° C. at 20 ° C./min.
- the peak of the crystallization peak observed during cooling was defined as the crystallization temperature (Tc), and the peak of the crystal melting peak observed during heating was defined as the melting point (Tm).
- CFC Chroross-fractionation chromatographic method
- Apparatus Cross fractionation chromatograph CFC2 (manufactured by Polymer Char)
- Detector Bandpass filter type infrared detector IR4 (manufactured by Polymer Char) Detection wavelength range: about 3000 to 2800 cm ⁇ 1
- TREF column Stainless steel column (outer diameter 3/8 inch x length 15 cm, built-in device)
- GPC column Shodex HT-806M x 3 (manufactured by Showa Denko)
- Molecular weight conversion Polystyrene conversion by monodisperse polystyrene (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation)
- Eluent o-dichlorobenzene (special grade, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)
- Flow rate 1.0 mL / min
- Sample injection volume 0.5 mL
- GPC column temperature 140 ° C
- a sample prepared under the following conditions was injected into a CFC apparatus and held in a TREF column at
- the elution start temperature (temperature at which the cumulative elution weight% is 0.5% by weight) is [T S ]
- the elution end temperature (temperature at which the cumulative elution weight% is 99% by weight) is [T E ].
- the cumulative elution amount with respect to the total elution amount at the temperature [T X ] specified by S ] + [T E ]) / 2 was determined. If the [T X] does not match the temperature of the elution division, across the [T X], [T X ] from each of the cumulative elution amount at the temperature of dissolution section of the last two points, the temperature region between the two points The cumulative elution amount at [T X ] was determined on the assumption that the cumulative elution amount with respect to the temperature in FIG.
- Sample preparation conditions Sample preparation concentration: 120 mg / 30 mL
- Sample preparation solvent o-dichlorobenzene (special grade, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)
- Sample preparation temperature 145 ° C
- ⁇ Melting point, crystallization temperature, heat of fusion of 4-methyl-1-pentene homopolymer> Using EXSTAR DSC7020 manufactured by SII Nano Technology, a sample of about 5 mg was heated from 30 ° C.
- the temperature was raised to 280 ° C. at 10 ° C./min.
- the top of the crystallization peak observed during cooling was the crystallization temperature (Tc), and the top of the crystal melting peak observed during the second temperature increase was the melting point (Tm). Further, the heat of fusion ⁇ Hm was calculated from the integrated value of the crystal melting peak.
- Measurement was performed using an AVANCE III cryo-500 type nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus manufactured by BioSpin, at 120 ° C., using a 45 ° pulse, with a repetition time of 5.5 seconds and an integration count of 256 times.
- the reference value for the chemical shift was 27.50 ppm of the signal derived from mmmm of the side chain methylene group.
- the peaks were assigned with reference to K. Matsuzaki, T. Uryu, T. Asakura, NMR SPECTROSCOPY AND STEREOREGULARITY OF POLYMERS, JAPAN SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES PRESS.
- I (X) [I (mmmm + mmmr) -I (rmmr + mmrr) -I (mrrm)] / I (CH2)
- I (X) represents a peak product derived from 26.2 to 28.5 ppm of methylene group assigned to X.
- I (CH 2 ) represents the total peak area derived from 26.2 to 28.5 ppm of methylene group. In addition, less than 0.01% was made into the detection limit or less.
- Propylene content in 4-methyl-1-pentene / propylene copolymer and 4-methyl-1-pentene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer was calculated from the 13 C-NMR spectrum using the following apparatus and conditions.
- the solvent is an o-dichlorobenzene / benzene-d 6 (4/1 v / v) mixed solvent
- the sample concentration is 55 mg / 0.6 mL
- the measurement temperature Is 120 ° C the observation nucleus is 13 C (125 MHz)
- the sequence is single-pulse proton broadband decoupling
- the pulse width is 5.0 ⁇ sec (45 ° pulse)
- the repetition time is 5.5 seconds
- the number of integration is 64 times
- benzene 128 ppm of ⁇ d 6 was measured as a reference value for chemical shift.
- the propylene content was calculated by the following formula.
- Propylene content (%) [P / (P + M)] ⁇ 100
- P represents the total peak area of the propylene main chain methine signal
- M represents the total peak area of the 4-methyl-1-pentene main chain methine signal.
- the ⁇ -olefin content was calculated in the same manner using the integrated value of the signal derived from ⁇ -olefin (excluding 4MP1).
- 4-Methyl-1-pentene polymer iso-dyad tacticity The 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer iso-dyad tacticity (meso-dyad fraction) is determined by any two head-to-tail bonds in the polymer chain.
- the methyl-1-pentene unit chain was expressed in a planar zigzag structure, it was defined as the ratio in which the directions of isobutyl branching were the same, and was determined from the 13 C-NMR spectrum by the following formula.
- Isodiad tacticity (%) [m / (m + r)] ⁇ 100 [Wherein m and r are the following formulae:
- the absorption intensity derived from the main chain methylene of 4-methyl-1-pentene units bonded at the head-to-tail represented by ] 13 C-NMR spectrum was measured using an AVANCE III cryo-500 nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus manufactured by Bruker BioSpin, the solvent was an o-dichlorobenzene / benzene-d 6 (4/1 v / v) mixed solvent, and the sample concentration was 60 mg.
- measurement temperature is 120 ° C.
- observation nucleus is 13 C (125 MHz)
- sequence is single pulse proton broadband decoupling
- pulse width is 5.0 ⁇ s (45 ° pulse)
- repetition time is 5.5 seconds
- 128 ppm of benzene-d 6 was measured as a reference value for chemical shift.
- the peak region was divided into 41.5 to 43.3 ppm regions by the minimum points of the peak profile, and the high magnetic field side was classified as the first region and the low magnetic field side was classified as the second region.
- the main chain methylene in the 2-chain 4-methyl-1-pentene unit represented by (m) resonates, but the integrated value regarded as a 4-methyl-1-pentene homopolymer is “m”. It was.
- the main chain methylene in the two 4-methyl-1-pentene units represented by (r) resonated, and the integrated value was designated as “r”. In addition, less than 0.01% was made into the detection limit or less.
- 1,1,4,4,7,7,10,10-octamethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,10,12-octahydro-1H-dibenzo [b, h] fluorene is It was synthesized according to the examples in the pamphlet of 2001/27124. 1,1,4,4,7,7,10,10-octamethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,10,12-octahydro-1H-dibenzo [b, h] fluorene "Methylfluorene".
- the mixture was returned to room temperature and stirred at 40 ° C. for 1.5 hours. An additional 2.1 ml of isobutyraldehyde was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours and further at 70 ° C. for 7 hours. Acetone 7.0 ml was charged and reacted at 70 ° C. for 17 hours. Further, 10 ml of acetone was charged and stirred at 70 ° C. for 6 hours. The reaction solution was poured into 150 ml of 0.5M hydrochloric acid.
- Catalyst A 1- (Octamethylfluoren-12'-yl) -5-tert-butyl-3-isopropyl-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro in a 30 ml Schlenk tube under nitrogen atmosphere 0.699 g of pentalene, 0.140 g of ⁇ -methylstyrene, 10 g of hexane, and 1.15 ml of cyclopentyl methyl ether were charged. Under an oil bath at 26 ° C., 1.45 ml of a 1.65M n-butyllithium hexane solution was added dropwise over 15 minutes. After stirring at 70 ° C.
- the target product was identified from the measurement results of 1 H-NMR and FD-MS.
- the organic layer was separated, the aqueous layer was extracted with 100 ml of hexane, and combined with the previous organic layer, washed with a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, water, and a saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution. After drying with magnesium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off. The obtained solid was added to a mixed solvent of ethanol and methanol and stirred. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and dried under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound. Yield 2.09 g, yield 44%.
- the target product was identified from the measurement result of 1 H-NMR.
- the system was degassed by reducing the pressure for 5 minutes, and the pressure was returned to normal pressure with nitrogen. After adding 0.3978 g of zirconium tetrachloride, the acetone bath was removed, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature for 16 hours. After the solvent was distilled off, the soluble component was extracted with hexane. Insoluble matter was removed by filtration, and the insoluble matter was washed with hexane. The resulting solution was concentrated and recrystallized with hexane. The target product was obtained by filtering off the solid and drying under reduced pressure. Yield 0.423 g, yield 34%.
- the target product was identified from the measurement results of 1 H-NMR and FD-MS.
- the mixture was charged with 1.3 ml of acetic acid and 5.2 ml of pyrrolidine and stirred at room temperature for 17 hours.
- the reaction solution was poured into 120 ml of 0.5N hydrochloric acid.
- the organic layer was separated, the aqueous layer was extracted with 200 ml of hexane, and combined with the previous organic layer, washed with water, a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, and a saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution. After drying with magnesium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off. Recrystallization from methanol gave the title compound. Yield 0.445g, 9.5% yield.
- the target product was identified from the measurement results of 1 H-NMR and GC-MS.
- the target product was identified from the measurement results of 1 H-NMR and FD-MS.
- the target product was identified from the measurement result of 1 H-NMR.
- the target product was identified from the measurement results of 1 H-NMR and GC-MS.
- the target product was identified from the measurement result of 1 H-NMR.
- the solution was charged with 1.33 ml of isobutyraldehyde, returned to room temperature, and stirred for 17 hours. 0.66 ml of isobutyraldehyde was added and stirred at room temperature for 7 hours. Further, 0.66 ml of isobutyraldehyde was added and stirred at 50 ° C. for 17 hours. After cooling to room temperature, 5.2 ml of pyrrolidine and 4.0 ml of acetone were added and reacted at 70 ° C. for 18 hours. A saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution was added, the organic layer was separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with diethyl ether.
- the target product was identified from the measurement results of 1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 ) and FD-MS.
- the target product was identified from the FD-MS measurement results.
- the solvent was distilled off, and 20 ml of hexane was added to the obtained solid.
- the solid was collected by filtration and dried under reduced pressure. 708 mg of the resulting solid was charged into a 100 ml Schlenk flask, followed by 40 ml of diethyl ether.
- a dry ice-methanol bath 255 mg of zirconium tetrachloride was charged and stirred for 30 minutes.
- the dry ice-methanol bath was removed, and the mixture was stirred for 18 hours while returning to room temperature.
- the solvent was distilled off, and the soluble component was extracted with dichloromethane and hexane.
- the target product was identified from the measurement results of 1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 ) and FD-MS.
- reaction solution was poured into 250 ml of 1N hydrochloric acid.
- the organic layer was separated, the aqueous layer was extracted with 200 ml of hexane, combined with the previous organic layer, and washed with water and a saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution. After drying with magnesium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off. Purification by column chromatography gave the title compound. As a result of analysis by gas chromatography, the purity was 86.8%. Yield 5.46 g, 59.4% yield.
- the organic layer was separated, the aqueous layer was extracted twice with 75 ml of hexane, and combined with the previous organic layer, washed once with a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, twice with water, and once with saturated brine. After drying with magnesium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off. The obtained solid was purified by column chromatography and washed with pentane and ethanol to obtain the title compound. Yield 2.02 g, 84% yield.
- the target product was identified from the measurement results of 1 H-NMR and FD-MS.
- the reddish purple powder obtained was washed with about 10 ml of hexane.
- a reddish purple powder and 30 ml of diethyl ether were inserted into a 30 ml Schlenk tube.
- 0.452 g (1.94 mmol) of zirconium tetrachloride was added.
- the mixture was stirred for 39 hours while gradually returning to room temperature.
- the solvent was distilled off
- the soluble component was extracted with dichloromethane.
- the solvent was distilled off.
- Hexane was added to the obtained solid to extract a soluble component.
- the hexane solution was concentrated, and the precipitated solid was taken out by decantation and dried under reduced pressure to obtain the desired product. Yield 0.248 g, Yield 22.2%.
- the target product was identified from the measurement results of 1 H-NMR and FD-MS.
- Example 1A A gas-flowing glass polymerizer with an internal volume of 500 ml that was sufficiently purged with nitrogen was charged with 250 ml of hexane, and 1-butene was passed at 90 liters / hour at 25 ° C. to fully saturate the system. Then 0.25 mmol of triisobutylaluminum was added. A hexane solution containing 10 ⁇ mol of a transition metal compound (catalyst B) and 5.0 mmol (MMAA-3A) methylaluminoxane (MMA) produced by Tosoh Finechem Co. was added thereto, and the system was kept at 25 ° C. Polymerization was continued for 45 minutes.
- MMAA-3A methylaluminoxane
- the polymerization was stopped by adding a small amount of isobutyl alcohol.
- the polymerization suspension was placed in 1 L of a mixed solvent of methanol and acetone (volume ratio 1: 1) to which a small amount of hydrochloric acid was added, and the mixture was sufficiently stirred and filtered.
- the polymer was washed with a large amount of methanol and dried at 80 ° C. for 10 hours. The results are summarized in Table 1.
- Example 1A was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1A, except that the type and amount of the transition metal compound in the hexane solution, the amount of methylaluminoxane, and the polymerization conditions were changed as described in Table 1. The results are summarized in Tables 1 and 2.
- transition metal compound Catalyst D
- TMAO-341 Tosoh Finechem Methylaluminoxane
- Nitrogen-substituted 1,500 mL SUS autoclave was charged with 500 mL of heptane and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum heptane solution, and then 100 g of 1-butene.
- the autoclave was heated to 70 ° C., and nitrogen was charged so that the pressure in the autoclave was 0.50 MPaG.
- Example 5A was carried out in the same manner as Example 5A, except that the polymerization temperature was 40 ° C. The results are summarized in Table 3-1.
- Example 5A was carried out in the same manner as Example 5A, except that the amount of 1-butene was 180 g and the polymerization temperature was 50 ° C. The results are summarized in Table 3-1 and Table 3-2. The obtained polymer is designated as X1.
- Example 7A was carried out in the same manner as Example 7A, except that the polymerization temperature was 60 ° C. The results are summarized in Table 3-1.
- Example 9A In Example 7A, the amount of transition metal compound and methylaluminoxane charged and the polymerization temperature were changed as shown in Table 3-1. After 1-butene was charged, 0.06 NL of hydrogen was charged, and the polymerization temperature was The same procedure as in Example 7A was performed except that the temperature was 60 ° C. The results are summarized in Table 3-1.
- Example 10A In Example 7A, the amount of transition metal compound and methylaluminoxane charged and the polymerization temperature were changed as shown in Table 3-1. After 1-butene was charged, hydrogen was charged at 0.13 NL. The same procedure as in Example 7A was performed except that the temperature was 60 ° C. The results are summarized in Table 3-1 and Table 3-2. The resulting polymer is designated X2. In addition, Table 3-3 shows the measurement results of polymer X2 by cross-fractionation chromatography (CFC).
- CFC cross-fractionation chromatography
- Example 7A the type of transition metal compound was changed as shown in Table 3-1, and 1-butene was charged, then hydrogen was added in 0.012 NL, and the polymerization temperature was 40 ° C. The same method as in 7A was performed. The results are summarized in Table 3-1 and Table 3-2. The resulting polymer is designated X3.
- Example 7A the same procedure as in Example 7A was performed except that the type of transition metal compound, the amount of transition metal compound and methylaluminoxane were changed as shown in Table 3-1, and the polymerization temperature was 60 ° C. It was. The results are summarized in Table 3-1. The resulting polymer is designated X4. In addition, Table 3-3 shows the measurement results of the polymer X4 by cross-fractionation chromatography (CFC).
- CFC cross-fractionation chromatography
- Heating time 5 min Heating temperature: 190 ° C Heating pressure: 10 MPa Cooling rate: 40 ° C./min or more (Pressurized at 10 MPa for 4 minutes with another press set to 20 ° C. and cooled to room temperature)
- FIG. 1 (a) shows the CFC elution curve of 1-butene polymer X2
- FIG. 1 (b) shows the CFC elution curve of 1-butene polymer X4.
- the polymer X2 has a mmmm of 98.0% or more and a cumulative elution amount at a temperature [T X ] specified by ([T S ] + [T E ]) / 2 is 40% by weight or more. is there. As shown in Table 3-2, this polymer X2 exhibits a high tensile elastic modulus while having the same tensile yield stress as that of a conventional product (eg, polymer X4). That is, the novel 1-butene polymer of the present invention is excellent in the balance between rigidity and yield stress.
- transition metal compound catalyst C
- TMAO-341 Tosoh Finechem Methylaluminoxane
- Polymerization was started by introducing 0.2 mL of the above catalyst solution into the reactor, and subsequently introducing 0.7 mL of toluene. Polymerization was carried out for 20 minutes, and isobutyl alcohol was charged to terminate the polymerization. The obtained polymer solution was added to methanol to precipitate a polymer. The polymer was dried under reduced pressure at 80 ° C. for 12 hours. The results are summarized in Table 4.
- Example 1B was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1B, except that the type of transition metal compound and the catalyst concentration of the catalyst solution were changed as described in Table 4. The results are summarized in Table 4.
- transition metal compound catalyst D
- TMAO-341 Tosoh Finechem Methylaluminoxane
- Nitrogen-substituted 1,500 mL SUS autoclave was charged with 750 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene, 75 mL of 1-octene, and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution, and then the autoclave was heated to 50 ° C.
- the whole amount of the above catalyst solution was introduced into the autoclave and polymerized at 50 ° C. for 15 minutes, and methanol was charged into the autoclave to stop the polymerization.
- the obtained polymer solution was added to 2 L of a mixed solvent of methanol and acetone (volume ratio 1: 1) to precipitate a polymer.
- the polymer was dried under reduced pressure at 80 ° C. for 10 hours. The results are summarized in Table 5.
- Example 1C was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1C, except that the amount of octene and the polymerization time were changed as described in Table 5. The results are summarized in Table 5.
- TMAO-341 Tosoh Finechem Methylaluminoxane
- Nitrogen-substituted 1,500 mL SUS autoclave was charged with 750 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene, 8 mL of 1-octene, and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution, and then the autoclave was heated to 50 ° C.
- Example 5C was carried out in the same manner as Example 5C, except that the amount of octene, the amount of hydrogen, and the polymerization time were changed as described in Table 5. The results are summarized in Table 5.
- transition metal compound catalyst D
- TMAO-341 Tosoh Finechem Methylaluminoxane
- a 1,500 mL SUS autoclave purged with nitrogen was charged with 400 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene, 350 mL of cyclohexane, 4 mL of 1-octene, and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution, and then the autoclave was heated to 65 ° C. Heated.
- the whole amount of the above catalyst solution was introduced into the autoclave and polymerized at 65 ° C. for 20 minutes, and methanol was charged into the autoclave to stop the polymerization.
- the obtained polymer solution was added to 2 L of a mixed solvent of methanol and acetone (volume ratio 1: 1) to precipitate a polymer.
- the polymer was dried under reduced pressure at 80 ° C. for 10 hours. The results are summarized in Table 5.
- Example 10C The same procedure as in Example 9C was performed except that in Example 9C, the transition metal compound was changed to 3.4 mg of catalyst E. The results are summarized in Table 5.
- a 1,500 mL SUS autoclave purged with nitrogen was charged with 400 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene, 350 mL of cyclohexane, 4 mL of 1-octene, and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution, and then the autoclave was heated to 65 ° C. Heated.
- transition metal compound catalyst C
- TMAO-341 Tosoh Finechem Methylaluminoxane
- a 1,500 mL SUS autoclave purged with nitrogen was charged with 750 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution.
- the autoclave was heated to 70 ° C., and nitrogen was charged so that the pressure in the autoclave was 0.30 MPaG, and then propylene was charged so that the pressure was 0.50 MPaG.
- the whole amount of the above catalyst solution was introduced into the autoclave and polymerized at 70 ° C. for 20 minutes, and propylene was supplied so as to maintain the pressure in the autoclave at 0.50 MPaG during the polymerization.
- the polymerization was stopped by charging methanol into the autoclave.
- the obtained polymer solution was added to 2 L of a mixed solvent of methanol and acetone (volume ratio 1: 1) to precipitate a polymer.
- the polymer was dried under reduced pressure at 80 ° C. for 12 hours.
- Table 6 The results are summarized in Table 6.
- transition metal compound catalyst C
- TMAO-341 methylaluminoxane
- a 1,500 mL SUS autoclave purged with nitrogen was charged with 750 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution.
- the autoclave was heated to 70 ° C., and nitrogen was charged so that the pressure in the autoclave was 0.40 MPaG, and then propylene was charged so that the pressure was 0.50 MPaG.
- transition metal compound catalyst C
- TMAO-341 methylaluminoxane
- a 1,500 mL SUS autoclave purged with nitrogen was charged with 750 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution.
- the autoclave was heated to 70 ° C., and nitrogen was charged so that the pressure in the autoclave was 0.45 MPaG, and then propylene was charged so that the pressure was 0.50 MPaG.
- transition metal compound catalyst D
- TMAO-341 methylaluminoxane
- a 1,500 mL SUS autoclave purged with nitrogen was charged with 750 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution. After heating the autoclave to 70 ° C. and charging hydrogen 0.13NL into the autoclave, nitrogen was charged so that the pressure in the autoclave was 0.40 MPaG, and propylene was charged so that the pressure was 0.50 MPaG. .
- transition metal compound catalyst D
- TMAO-341 methylaluminoxane
- a 1,500 mL SUS autoclave purged with nitrogen was charged with 750 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution.
- the autoclave was heated to 80 ° C., and 0.06 NL of hydrogen was charged into the autoclave, then nitrogen was charged so that the pressure in the autoclave was 0.40 MPaG, and propylene was charged so that the pressure was 0.50 MPaG. .
- transition metal compound catalyst D
- TMAO-341 methylaluminoxane
- a 1,500 mL SUS autoclave purged with nitrogen was charged with 750 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution.
- the autoclave was heated to 70 ° C., and nitrogen was charged so that the pressure in the autoclave was 0.25 MPaG, and then propylene was charged so that the pressure was 0.50 MPaG.
- transition metal compound catalyst D
- TMAO-341 methylaluminoxane
- a 1,500 mL SUS autoclave purged with nitrogen was charged with 750 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution.
- the autoclave was heated to 70 ° C., and nitrogen was charged so that the pressure in the autoclave was 0.20 MPaG, and then propylene was charged so that the pressure was 0.50 MPaG.
- Example 8D The same procedure as in Example 2D was performed except that in Example 2D, the transition metal compound was changed to 3.0 mg of catalyst A. The results are summarized in Table 6.
- transition metal compound catalyst E
- TMAO-341 methylaluminoxane
- a 1,500 mL SUS autoclave purged with nitrogen was charged with 750 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution.
- the autoclave was heated to 70 ° C., and nitrogen was charged so that the pressure in the autoclave was 0.20 MPaG, and then propylene was charged so that the pressure was 0.60 MPaG.
- the above catalyst solution was introduced into an autoclave in 5.3 mL and polymerized at 70 ° C. for 20 minutes, and propylene was supplied so that the pressure in the autoclave was maintained at 0.60 MPaG during the polymerization.
- the polymerization was stopped by charging methanol into the autoclave. Subsequent operations were performed in the same manner as in Example 1D. The results are summarized in Table 6.
- transition metal compound catalyst E
- TMAO-341 methylaluminoxane
- a 1,500 mL SUS autoclave purged with nitrogen was charged with 750 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution. After heating the autoclave to 70 ° C and charging the autoclave with hydrogen 0.06NL, nitrogen was charged so that the pressure in the autoclave was 0.20 MPaG, and then propylene was charged so that the pressure was 0.60 MPaG. did.
- Example 3D was carried out in the same manner as Example 3D, except that the transition metal compound was 3.2 mg of catalyst b and the amount of methylaluminoxane (TMAO-341) used was 0.30 mL. The results are summarized in Table 6.
- Example 2D was carried out in the same manner as Example 2D, except that the transition metal compound was 2.9 mg of catalyst a and the amount of methylaluminoxane (TMAO-341) used was 0.30 mL. The results are summarized in Table 6.
- Example 1E A 1,500 mL SUS autoclave purged with nitrogen was charged with 500 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene, 250 mL of cyclohexane, 85 mL of 1-octene, and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution.
- the autoclave was heated to 60 ° C., and 0.09 NL of hydrogen was charged into the autoclave, and then nitrogen was charged so that the pressure in the autoclave became 0.10 MPaG.
- Example 2E A 1,500 mL SUS autoclave purged with nitrogen was charged with 750 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution. After heating the autoclave to 70 ° C. and charging the autoclave with hydrogen 0.06NL, nitrogen was charged so that the pressure in the autoclave was 0.40 MPaG, and propylene was charged so that the pressure was 0.50 MPaG. .
- Example 3E A 1,500 mL SUS autoclave purged with nitrogen was charged with 500 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene, 250 mL of cyclohexane, 10.4 mL of linearene 168 made by Idemitsu Kosan, and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution.
- Linearene 168 is a mixed ⁇ -olefin of 1-hexadecene and 1-octadecene.
- the autoclave was heated to 60 ° C., hydrogen 0.13NL was charged into the autoclave, and then nitrogen was charged so that the pressure in the autoclave was 0.14 MPaG.
- Example 4E A 1,500 mL SUS autoclave purged with nitrogen was charged with 750 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene, 26 mL of 1-octene, and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution. The autoclave was heated to 50 ° C., and hydrogen 0.25 NL was charged into the autoclave, and then nitrogen was charged so that the pressure in the autoclave was 0.14 MPaG.
- Example 5E A 1,500 mL SUS autoclave purged with nitrogen was charged with 500 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene, 250 mL of cyclohexane, 9.8 mL of 1-decene, and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution.
- the autoclave was heated to 60 ° C., hydrogen 0.13NL was charged into the autoclave, and then nitrogen was charged so that the pressure in the autoclave was 0.14 MPaG.
- TMAO-341 methylaluminoxane
- Press sheet production conditions using a hydraulic hot press manufactured by Shindo Metal Industry Co., Ltd., heat and press the test object for 5 minutes under the conditions of 270 ° C. and 10 MPa, and then for 5 minutes under the conditions of 30 ° C. and 10 MPa. Cool and pressurize.
- Press sheet production conditions using a hydraulic hot press manufactured by Shindo Metal Industry Co., Ltd., heat and press the test object under the conditions of 270 ° C. and 10 MPa for 5 minutes, and then at 30 ° C. and 10 MPa for 5 minutes. Cool and pressurize.
- ⁇ Vicat softening temperature (press sheet)> Using a press sheet having a thickness of 3 mm produced by the following method, in accordance with ASTM D1525, a Vicat softening temperature test was performed at a heating rate of 50 ° C./hr and a test load of 10 N using a tester manufactured by Yasuda Seiki Co., Ltd. Carried out.
- Press sheet production conditions using a hydraulic hot press manufactured by Shindo Metal Industry Co., Ltd., heat and press the test object under the conditions of 270 ° C. and 10 MPa for 5 minutes, and then at 30 ° C. and 10 MPa for 5 minutes. Cool and pressurize.
- FIG. 2 shows a graph plotting the Young's modulus against the elongation at break for the examples described in Table 7-1 and Table 7-2.
- FIG. 3 is a graph in which the heat of fusion ( ⁇ Hm) is plotted against the melting point (Tm) based on the results of Table 7-1 and Table 7-2. From the results shown in Table 7-1 and Table 7-2 (FIGS. 2 and 3), a polymer having a good balance between rigidity and toughness has a similar Tm to a polymer having the same toughness but poor rigidity. It can be seen that it has a large ⁇ Hm when compared with the polymer having it.
- Example 1F A 1,500 mL SUS autoclave purged with nitrogen was charged with 750 mL of 4-methyl-1-pentene and 1.5 mL of 0.5 M triisobutylaluminum toluene solution. After heating the autoclave to 70 ° C. and charging hydrogen 0.13NL into the autoclave, nitrogen was charged so that the pressure in the autoclave was 0.20 MPaG, and propylene was charged so that the pressure was 0.60 MPaG. .
- TMAO-341 transition metal compound
- Al / Zr 310, molar ratio
- ⁇ Loss tangent tan ⁇ (press sheet)> A press sheet having a thickness of 3 mm was prepared under the following conditions, and a strip of 45 mm ⁇ 10 mm ⁇ 3 mm necessary for dynamic viscoelasticity measurement was cut out. The temperature dependence of dynamic viscoelasticity from ⁇ 70 to 180 ° C. was measured at a frequency of 10 rad / s by using MCR301 manufactured by ANTONPaar, and the peak value of loss tangent (tan ⁇ ) due to glass transition temperature was measured. .
- Press sheet production conditions using a hydraulic hot press manufactured by Shindo Metal Industry Co., Ltd., heat and press the test object for 5 minutes under the conditions of 200 ° C. and 10 MPa, and then for 30 minutes under the conditions of 30 ° C. and 10 MPa. Cool and pressurize.
- ⁇ Tension permanent elongation (150%)> A press sheet having a thickness of 1 mm was prepared under the following conditions, and a No. 2 type test piece 1/2 of JIS K7113 was punched out and used as an evaluation sample. The distance between chucks of a test piece with an elongation rate of 150% at a tensile speed of 30 mm / min was measured. The test piece was held for 10 minutes under an atmosphere of 23 ° C., the distance between the chucks of the test piece after 10 minutes of opening was measured, and the tensile permanent elongation was determined from the difference.
- Press sheet production conditions using a hydraulic hot press manufactured by Shindo Metal Industry Co., Ltd., heat and press the test object for 5 minutes under the conditions of 200 ° C. and 10 MPa, and then for 30 minutes under the conditions of 30 ° C. and 10 MPa. Cool and pressurize.
- the compression set is a sample obtained by stacking 4 sheets of 3 mm thick press sheets prepared under the following conditions to 12 mm in accordance with JIS K6262 and then heat-treating at 23 ° C. for 22 hours. After being left at 23 ° C. for 2 hours, the thickness was measured, and the amount of strain before and after the test was calculated.
- Press sheet production conditions using a hydraulic hot press manufactured by Shindo Metal Industry Co., Ltd., heat and press the test object for 5 minutes under the conditions of 200 ° C. and 10 MPa, and then for 30 minutes under the conditions of 30 ° C. and 10 MPa. Cool and pressurize.
- Example 1G 4-methyl-1-pentene polymerization using supported catalyst
- a useful olefin polymer having high heat resistance and high molecular weight can be economically produced by the method for producing an olefin polymer of the present invention, and the production method of the present invention is extremely valuable industrially.
- the novel 1-butene polymer and 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer of the present invention each have excellent properties.
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Abstract
Description
近年、オレフィン重合用の均一系触媒として、メタロセン化合物がよく知られている。メタロセン化合物を用いてオレフィンを重合する方法、特にα-オレフィンを立体規則的に重合する方法は、W.Kaminskyらによってアイソタクチック重合が報告されて以来(非特許文献1参照)、多くの研究がなされている。
例えば、シクロペンタジエニル環とフルオレニル環とが架橋された配位子を有するメタロセン化合物をプロピレン重合用触媒に用いた場合について、以下の報告がされている。
また、シクロペンタジエニル環とフルオレニル環とが5員環を介して架橋されたメタロセン化合物を用いてプロピレンを重合した報告もある。しかしながら、得られるポリプロピレンの立体規則性が非常に低く、前記メタロセン化合物の工業上の有用性は低い(非特許文献4参照)。
一方、置換インデニル基を配位子として有するメタロセン化合物も、比較的高い立体規則性や分子量を与えることが報告されている(特許文献8~9参照)。しかしながら、上記化合物は経済性の高い重合条件下での性能が充分ではない。
最近になって、これらの問題を解決するために、例えば置換アズレニル基を配位子として有するメタロセン化合物を用いた例が報告されている(特許文献10参照)。しかしながら、これらの触媒でも経済的に有効な高い重合温度や固体担体上に担持された状態では、立体規則性等において充分な性能が得られているとは言い難い。
メタロセン触媒を用いたプロピレン以外の重合例に着目すると、例えば、インデン環を配位子として有するメタロセン化合物を触媒として用いた1-ブテンの重合例が報告されている(特許文献11~12参照)。
一般式[I]において、R1およびR3が水素原子であることが好ましく;R2が炭素数1~20の炭化水素基であることが好ましく、シクロペンタジエニル環に結合する炭素が3級炭素である置換基であることが好ましく;R5およびR7が互いに結合して環を形成していることが好ましく;R9、R12、R13およびR16が水素原子であることが好ましく;R10、R11、R14およびR15が炭化水素基であるか、またはR10とR11が互いに結合して環を形成し、かつR14とR15が互いに結合して環を形成していることが好ましい。
(a)4-メチル-1-ペンテン由来の構成単位量が100~80モル%であり、炭素数2~30のオレフィン(4-メチル-1-ペンテンを除く)から選ばれる少なくとも1種由来の構成単位量が0~20モル%。
(b)13C-NMRで測定されるメソダイアッド分率(m)が
98.5%以上100%以下。
(c)示差走査型熱量測定(DSC)で測定される融解熱量ΔHm(単位:J/g)と融点Tm(単位:℃)が以下の関係式(1)を満たす。
また、本発明は、下記要件(d)~(f)を満たす4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合体である。
(d)4-メチル-1-ペンテン由来の構成単位量が50モル%を超えて80モル%未満であり、炭素数2~30のオレフィン(4-メチル-1-ペンテンを除く)から選ばれる少なくとも1種由来の構成単位量が20モル%を超えて50モル%未満。
(e)13C-NMRで測定されるメソダイアッド分率(m)が
98.5%以上100%以下。
(f)示差走査型熱量測定(DSC)で測定される融点Tmが
100℃未満または実質的に存在しない。
本発明で用いられる遷移金属化合物(A)は、一般式[I]で表される遷移金属化合物およびその鏡像異性体から選ばれる少なくとも1種である。本明細書において鏡像異性体については特に言及していないが、遷移金属化合物(A)は、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で、遷移金属化合物[I]の全ての鏡像異性体、例えば一般式[I']で表される遷移金属化合物を包含する。
R1からR16(ただし、R4を除く。)における炭化水素基としては、例えば、直鎖状炭化水素基、分岐状炭化水素基、環状飽和炭化水素基、環状不飽和炭化水素基、飽和炭化水素基が有する1または2以上の水素原子を環状不飽和炭化水素基に置換してなる基が挙げられる。炭化水素基の炭素数は、通常1~20、好ましくは1~15、より好ましくは1~10である。
Mは、第4族遷移金属であり、好ましくはTi、ZrまたはHfであり、より好ましくはZrまたはHfであり、特に好ましくはZrである。
以下の例示において、1,1,4,4,7,7,10,10-オクタメチル-2,3,4,7,8,9,10,12-オクタヒドロ-1H-ジベンゾ[b,h]フルオレンをオクタメチルフルオレンと記載し、1',1',3',6',8',8'-ヘキサメチル-1'H,8'H-ジシクロペンタ[b,h]フルオレンをヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレンと記載する。
[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-フェニル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-フェニル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-フェニル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-フェニル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-フェニル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-フェニル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-フェニル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-(1-メチル-シクロヘキシル)-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、
[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-(1-メチル-シクロヘキシル)-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-(1-メチル-シクロヘキシル)-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-(1-メチル-シクロヘキシル)-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-(1-メチル-シクロヘキシル)-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-(1-メチル-シクロヘキシル)-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-(1-メチル-シクロヘキシル)-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、
[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1,3-ジメチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1,3-ジメチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1,3-ジメチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1,3-ジメチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1,3-ジメチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1,3-ジメチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1,3-ジメチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-3-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-3-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-3-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、
[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-3-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-3-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-3-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-3-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1、3-ジ-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1、3-ジ-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1、3-ジ-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1、3-ジ-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1、3-ジ-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1、3-ジ-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1、3-ジ-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、
[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1、3-ジ-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1、3-ジ-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1、3-ジ-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1、3-ジ-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1、3-ジ-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1、3-ジ-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1、3-ジ-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-3-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、
[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(3,5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、
[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、
[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-シクロヘキシル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、
[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-エチル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、
[1-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[1-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-1-iso-プロピル-3-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-5-エン-2-イル)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-iso-プロピル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-iso-プロピル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-iso-プロピル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-iso-プロピル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-iso-プロピル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、
[8-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-iso-プロピル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-iso-プロピル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-フェニル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-フェニル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-フェニル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-フェニル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-フェニル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-フェニル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-フェニル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-5,8-ジメチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-5,8-ジメチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-5,8-ジメチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-5,8-ジメチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-5,8-ジメチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-5,8-ジメチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-5,8-ジメチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-(3-シクロヘキセニル)-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(2-(1-アダマンチル)-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-(1-アダマンチル)-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-(1-アダマンチル)-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、
[8-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(2-(1-アダマンチル)-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-(1-アダマンチル)-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(2-(1-アダマンチル)-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(2-(1-アダマンチル)-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(2-(1-アダマンチル)-8-iso-プロピル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-(1-アダマンチル)-8-iso-プロピル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-(1-アダマンチル)-8-iso-プロピル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(2-(1-アダマンチル)-8-iso-プロピル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-(1-アダマンチル)-8-iso-プロピル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(2-(1-アダマンチル)-8-iso-プロピル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[8-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(2-(1-アダマンチル)-8-iso-プロピル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-メチル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-メチル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-メチル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-メチル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-メチル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-メチル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-メチル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-iso-プロピル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-iso-プロピル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、
[7-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-iso-プロピル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-iso-プロピル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-iso-プロピル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-iso-プロピル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-iso-プロピル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-フェニル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-フェニル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-フェニル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-フェニル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-フェニル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-フェニル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(2-tert-ブチル-8-フェニル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-シクロヘキシル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-シクロヘキシル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-シクロヘキシル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-シクロヘキシル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-シクロヘキシル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-シクロヘキシル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-tert-ブチル-7-シクロヘキシル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-7-メチル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-7-メチル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-7-メチル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-7-メチル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-7-メチル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-7-メチル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-7-メチル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-7-iso-プロピル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(2',7'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-7-iso-プロピル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-7-iso-プロピル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-(1-アダマンチル)-フルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-7-iso-プロピル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(3',6'-ジ-tert-ブチル-2',7'-ジメチルフルオレン-9'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-7-iso-プロピル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-7-iso-プロピル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド、[7-(ヘキサメチルジシクロペンタフルオレン-10'-イル)(5-アダマンタン-1-イル-7-iso-プロピル-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-シクロペンタ[a]ペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド
が挙げられる。
本発明で用いられる遷移金属化合物は公知の方法によって製造可能であり、特に製造方法が限定されるわけではない。以下では、本発明で用いられる遷移金属化合物[I]の製造方法の一例を説明するが、その鏡像異性体の製造方法についても同様である。
ペンタレン化合物(1a)は、例えば、反応[A]に示すようにシクロペンタジエン誘導体(1a-1)とα,β-不飽和カルボニル化合物(1a-2)とを反応させる方法;反応[B]に示すようにシクロペンタジエン誘導体(1a-1)とカルボニル化合物(1a-3)とアルデヒド化合物(1a-4)とを反応させる方法によって、合成することができる。
反応[A]に基づくペンタレン化合物(1a)は、シクロペンタジエン誘導体(1a-1)とα,β-不飽和カルボニル化合物(1a-2)とから公知の条件によって製造することができる(例えば、J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 4981-4982参照)。
反応[B]の反応では、塩基や触媒を加えることでより効率よく反応を行うことができる。反応[B]で用いることのできる塩基や触媒は、反応[A]にて上述のものを挙げることができる。
一実施態様は、工程(1)に続いて、ペンタレン化合物(1a)とフルオレン誘導体(2a)とを反応させて、遷移金属化合物[I]の前駆体化合物(3a)を得る工程(2)を有する。
前駆体化合物(3a)から遷移金属化合物[I]を製造する例を以下に示す。これは、本発明の範囲を制限するものではなく、遷移金属化合物[I]は、公知のいかなる方法で製造されてもよい。
前駆体化合物(3a)と、アルカリ金属、水素原子化アルカリ金属、アルカリ金属アルコキシド、有機アルカリ金属および有機アルカリ土類金属から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属成分とを、有機溶媒中で接触させることで、ジアルカリ金属塩を得る。
上記反応で得られたジアルカリ金属塩と、一般式(4a)で表される化合物とを、有機溶媒中で反応させることで、遷移金属化合物[I]を合成する。
式(4a)中、Mは第4族遷移金属であり、複数あるZはそれぞれ独立にハロゲン原子、炭化水素基、アニオン配位子または孤立電子対で配位可能な中性配位子であり、kは3~6の整数である。MおよびZとして列挙される原子または基等は、一般式[I]の欄にて説明したMおよびQとそれぞれ同様である。
その他の方法として、前駆体化合物(3a)を、有機金属試薬、例えばテトラベンジルチタン、テトラベンジルジルコニウム、テトラベンジルハフニウム、テトラキス(トリメチルシリルメチレン)チタン、テトラキス(トリメチルシリルメチレン)ジルコニウム、テトラキス(トリメチルシリルメチレン)ハフニウム、ジベンジルジクロロチタン、ジベンジルジクロロジルコニウム、ジベンジルジクロロハフニウムや、チタン、ジルコニウム、ハフニウムのアミド塩と直接反応させてもよい。
本発明で用いられるオレフィン重合用触媒は、一般式[I]で表される遷移金属化合物およびその鏡像異性体から選ばれる少なくとも1種の遷移金属化合物(A)を含有する。
(B)(B-1)有機金属化合物、(B-2)有機アルミニウムオキシ化合物、および(B-3)遷移金属化合物(A)と反応してイオン対を形成する化合物、から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物(以下「化合物(B)」ともいう。)
を含有することが好ましい。
(C)担体
を含有することがより好ましい。
(D)有機化合物成分
を含有することもできる。
《有機金属化合物(B-1)》
有機金属化合物(B-1)としては、例えば、一般式(B-1a)で表される有機アルミニウム化合物、一般式(B-1b)で表される第1族金属とアルミニウムとの錯アルキル化物、一般式(B-1c)で表される第2族または第12族金属のジアルキル化合物等の、第1、2族および第12、13族の有機金属化合物が挙げられる。
式(B-1a)中、RaおよびRbはそれぞれ独立に炭素数1~15、好ましくは1~4の炭化水素基であり、Xはハロゲン原子であり、mは0<m≦3、nは0≦n<3、pは0≦p<3、qは0≦q<3を満たす数であり、かつm+n+p+q=3である。有機アルミニウム化合物(B-1a)としては、例えば、トリメチルアルミニウム、トリエチルアルミニウム、トリイソブチルアルミニウム等のトリアルキルアルミニウム、ジイソブチルアルミニウムハイドライド等のジアルキルアルミニウムハイドライド、トリシクロアルキルアルミニウムが挙げられる。
式(B-1b)中、M2はLi、NaまたはKであり、Raは炭素数1~15、好ましくは1~4の炭化水素基である。錯アルキル化物(B-1b)としては、例えば、LiAl(C2H5)4、LiAl(C7H15)4が挙げられる。
式(B-1c)中、RaおよびRbはそれぞれ独立に炭素数1~15、好ましくは1~4の炭化水素基であり、M3はMg、ZnまたはCdである。化合物(B-1c)としては、例えば、ジメチルマグネシウム、ジエチルマグネシウム、ジn-ブチルマグネシウム、エチルn-ブチルマグネシウム、ジフェニルマグネシウム、ジメチル亜鉛、ジエチル亜鉛、ジn-ブチル亜鉛、ジフェニル亜鉛が挙げられる。
有機アルミニウムオキシ化合物(B-2)としては、例えば、従来公知のアルミノキサンであってもよく、特開平2-78687号公報に例示されているようなベンゼンに対して不溶性または難溶性の有機アルミニウムオキシ化合物であってもよい。従来公知のアルミノキサンは、例えば、下記(1)~(4)の方法によって製造することができ、通常、炭化水素溶媒の溶液として得られる。
遷移金属化合物(A)と反応してイオン対を形成する化合物(B-3)(以下「イオン性化合物(B-3)」ともいう。)としては、例えば、特表平1-501950号公報、特表平1-502036号公報、特開平3-179005号公報、特開平3-179006号公報、特開平3-207703号公報、特開平3-207704号公報、US5321106号公報等に記載されたルイス酸、イオン性化合物、ボラン化合物およびカルボラン化合物が挙げられる。さらに、ヘテロポリ化合物およびイソポリ化合物も挙げることができる。
担体(C)としては、例えば、無機または有機の化合物であって、顆粒状ないしは微粒子状の固体が挙げられる。遷移金属化合物(A)は、担体(C)に担持された形態で用いることが好ましい。
担体(C)における無機化合物としては、多孔質酸化物、無機塩化物、粘土、粘土鉱物またはイオン交換性層状化合物が好ましい。
担体(C)における有機化合物としては、例えば、粒径が5~300μmの範囲にある顆粒状ないしは微粒子状固体が挙げられる。具体的には、エチレン、プロピレン、1-ブテン、4-メチル-1-ペンテン等の炭素数2~14のα-オレフィンを主成分として生成される(共)重合体、ビニルシクロヘキサン、スチレンを主成分として生成される(共)重合体、およびそれらの変成体を例示することができる。
本発明において、有機化合物成分(D)は、必要に応じて、重合性能および生成ポリマーの物性を向上させる目的で使用される。有機化合物(D)としては、例えば、アルコール類、フェノール性化合物、カルボン酸、リン化合物、アミド、ポリエーテルおよびスルホン酸塩等が挙げられる。
オレフィン重合の際には、各成分の使用法、添加順序は任意に選ばれるが、以下のような方法が例示される。以下では、遷移金属化合物(A)、化合物(B)、担体(C)および有機化合物成分(D)を、それぞれ「成分(A)~(D)」ともいう。
(1)成分(A)を単独で重合器に添加する方法。
(2)成分(A)および成分(B)を任意の順序で重合器に添加する方法。
(3)成分(A)を成分(C)に担持した触媒成分と、
成分(B)とを任意の順序で重合器に添加する方法。
(4)成分(B)を成分(C)に担持した触媒成分と、
成分(A)とを任意の順序で重合器に添加する方法。
(5)成分(A)と成分(B)とを成分(C)に担持した触媒成分を
重合器に添加する方法。
本発明のオレフィン重合体の製造方法は、上述のオレフィン重合用触媒の存在下で、エチレンおよび炭素数4~30のα-オレフィンから選ばれる少なくとも1種のオレフィンAと、必要に応じてプロピレンとを重合する工程を有する。ここで「重合」とは、単独重合および共重合を総称する意味で用いる。また「オレフィン重合用触媒の存在下でオレフィンを重合する」とは、上記(1)~(5)の各方法のように、任意の方法でオレフィン重合用触媒の各成分を重合器に添加してオレフィンを重合する態様を包含する。
本発明の製造方法において、重合反応に供給されるオレフィンは、エチレンおよび炭素数4~30のα-オレフィンから選ばれる少なくとも1種のオレフィンAであり、必要に応じてプロピレンを併用することができる。
アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、フマル酸、無水マレイン酸、イタコン酸、無水イタコン酸、ビシクロ(2,2,1)-5-ヘプテン-2,3-ジカルボン酸無水物等のα,β-不飽和カルボン酸、およびこれらのナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、リチウム塩、亜鉛塩、マグネシウム塩、カルシウム塩、アルミニウム塩等の金属塩;
アクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸n-プロピル、アクリル酸イソプロピル、アクリル酸n-ブチル、アクリル酸イソブチル、アクリル酸tert-ブチル、アクリル酸2-エチルヘキシル、メタクリル酸メチル、メタクリル酸エチル、メタクリル酸n-プロピル、メタクリル酸イソプロピル、メタクリル酸n-ブチル、メタクリル酸イソブチル等のα,β-不飽和カルボン酸エステル;
酢酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニル、カプロン酸ビニル、カプリン酸ビニル、ラウリン酸ビニル、ステアリン酸ビニル、トリフルオロ酢酸ビニル等のビニルエステル類;アクリル酸グリシジル、メタクリル酸グリシジル、イタコン酸モノグリシジルエステル等の不飽和グリシジル;
が挙げられる。
本発明のオレフィン重合体は、上述のオレフィン重合用触媒の存在下で、エチレンおよび炭素数4~30のα-オレフィンから選ばれる少なくとも1種のオレフィンAと、必要に応じてプロピレンとを重合することで得ることができる。
本発明の新規な1-ブテン重合体は、13C-NMRで測定されるメソペンタッド分率(mmmm)が98.0%以上99.8%以下、好ましくは98.5%以上99.5%以下、特に好ましくは99.0%以上99.4%以下である。
本発明に係る第1の4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合体は、以下の要件(a)(構成単位について)、要件(b)(立体規則性について)、要件(c)(融解熱量ΔHmと融点Tmの関係について)、を満たす。
本発明に係る第1の4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合体において、4-メチル-1-ペンテン由来の構成単位量が100~80モル%であり、好ましくは100~90モル%であり、炭素数2~30のオレフィン(4-メチル-1-ペンテンを除く)から選ばれる少なくとも1種由来の構成単位量が0~20モル%であり、好ましくは0~10モル%であること。以下、4-メチル-1-ペンテンを「4MP1」とも記載し、4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合体を「4MP1重合体」とも記載する。
本発明に係る第1の4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合体において、13C-NMRで測定されるメソダイアッド分率(m)が98.5%以上100%以下であること。「m」は、好ましくは99%以上100%以下である。「m」が前記下限値を下回ると、耐熱性や剛性が不充分になることがある。
本発明に係る第1の4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合体において、示差走査型熱量測定(DSC)で測定される融解熱量ΔHm(単位:J/g)と融点Tm(単位:℃)が以下の関係式(1)を満たす。
関係式(1)において、ΔHmおよびTmの好ましい範囲は以下のとおりである。
本発明に係る第2の4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合体は、以下の要件(d)(構成単位について)、要件(e)(立体規則性について)、要件(f)(融点Tmについて)、を満たす。
本発明に係る第2の4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合体において、4-メチル-1-ペンテン由来の構成単位量が50モル%を超えて80モル%未満であり、炭素数2~30のオレフィン(4-メチル-1-ペンテンを除く)から選ばれる少なくとも1種由来の構成単位量が20モル%を超えて50モル%未満であること。4MP1由来の構成単位量は、好ましくは50モル%を超えて78モル%未満であり、前記オレフィン由来の構成単位量は、好ましくは22モル%を超えて50モル%未満である。
本発明に係る第2の4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合体において、13C-NMRで測定されるメソダイアッド分率(m)が98.5%以上100%以下であること。「m」は、好ましくは99%以上100%以下である。「m」が前記下限値を下回ると、圧縮永久歪などの機械物性が不充分になることがある。
本発明に係る第2の4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合体において、示差走査型熱量測定(DSC)(昇温速度:10℃/min)で測定される融点Tmが100℃未満または実質的に存在しないこと。ここで、実質的に融点が存在しないとは、示差走査型熱量測定(DSC)(昇温速度:10℃/min)で測定される融解熱量ΔHm(単位:J/g)が、実質的に観測されないことをいう。融解熱量ΔHmが実質的に観測されないとは、ΔHmが5J/g未満であり、好ましくは1J/g以下であり、より好ましくは検出限界(=0.1J/g程度)以下である。このように、本発明に係る第2の4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合体は、非晶性または低結晶性の重合体である。
本発明の成形体は、上述のオレフィン重合体、または1-ブテン重合体もしくは4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合体を含んでなる。これらのオレフィン重合体は、射出成形法、押出成形法、射出延伸ブロー成形法、ブロー成形法、キャスト成形法、カレンダー成形法、プレス成形、スタンピング成形、インフレーション成形、ロール成形等の各種成形法により、目的とする成形体、例えばフィルム、シート、中空成形体、射出成形体、繊維等に加工することができる。
フレキシブルプリント基板用離型フィルム、ACM基板用離型フィルム、リジット基板用離型フィルム、リジットフレキシブル基板用離型フィルム、先端複合材料用離型フィルム、炭素繊維複合材硬化用離型フィルム、ガラス繊維複合材硬化用離型フィルム、アラミド繊維複合材硬化用離型フィルム、ナノ複合材硬化用離型フィルム、フィラー充填材硬化用離型フィルム、半導体封止用離型フィルム、偏光板用離型フィルム、拡散シート用離型フィルム、プリズムシート用離型フィルム、反射シート用離型フィルム、離型フィルム用クッションフィルム、燃料電池用離型フィルム、各種ゴムシート用離型フィルム、ウレタン硬化用離型フィルム、エポキシ硬化用離型フィルムなどの離型フィルム、
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ダイシングテープ・バックグラインドテープ・ダイボンディングフィルム、二層FCCL、フィルムコンデンサー用フィルムなどの半導体用工程フィルムの基材・粘着材・セパレーター、粘着フィルム、応力緩和フィルム、ペリクル用フィルム、偏光板用フィルム、偏光板用保護フィルム、液晶パネル用保護フィルム、光学部品用保護フィルム、レンズ用保護フィルム、電気部品・電化製品用保護フィルム、携帯電話用保護フィルム、パソコン用保護フィルム、タッチパネル用保護フィルム、窓ガラス保護フィルム、焼付塗装用フィルム、マスキングフィルム、コンデンサー用フィルム、キャパシターフィルム、燃料電池用キャパシターフィルム、反射フィルム、拡散フィルム、積層体(ガラス含む)、耐放射線フィルム、耐γ線フィルム、多孔フィルムなどの保護フィルム、
放熱フィルム・シート、電子部品封止体製造用型枠、LEDモールド、高周波回路用積層板、高周波ケーブル用被覆材、光導波路基板、ガラス繊維複合体、炭素繊維複合体、
ガラス中間膜、合わせガラス用フィルム、建材用ウインドウフィルム、防弾材、防弾ガラス用フィルム、遮熱シート、遮熱フィルム、
合皮用離型紙、先端複合材料用離型紙、炭素繊維複合材硬化用離型紙、ガラス繊維複合材硬化用離型紙、アラミド繊維複合材硬化用離型紙、ナノ複合材硬化用離型紙、フィラー充填材硬化用離型紙などの離型紙、耐熱耐水印画紙、
などが挙げられる。
ゴムホース製造用マンドレル、シース、ゴムホース製造用シース、ホース、チューブ、冷却水配管、温水配管、電線被覆材、ミリ波信号ケーブル被覆材、高周波信号ケーブル被覆材、エコ電線被覆材、車載用ケーブル被覆材、信号ケーブル被覆材、高圧電線用碍子、配線ダクト、化粧品・香水スプレー用チューブ、医療用チューブ、輸液チューブ、パイプ、ワイヤーハーネス、
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家具・履物・衣料・袋物・建材等の表皮材、建築用シール材、防水シート、建材シート、建材ガスケット、建材用ウインドウフィルム、鉄芯保護部材、地盤改良用シート、止水材、目地材、ガスケット、ドア、ドア枠、窓枠、廻縁、巾木、開口枠等、床材、天井材、壁紙、
健康用品(例:滑り止めマット・シート、転倒防止フィルム・マット・シート、)、健康器具部材、衝撃吸収パッド、プロテクター・保護具(例:ヘルメット、ガード)、スポーツ用品(例:スポーツ用グリップ、プロテクター)、スポーツ用防具、ラケット、マウスガード、ボール、ゴルフボール、運搬用具(例:運搬用衝撃吸収グリップ、衝撃吸収シート)、制振パレット、衝撃吸収ダンパー、インシュレーター、履物用衝撃吸収材、衝撃吸収発泡体、衝撃吸収フィルム・シートなどの衝撃吸収材、
グリップ材(筆記具、工具、運動用具、乗り物のハンドル、日用品、電気器具、家具等)、雑貨、玩具、靴底、靴底ソール、靴のミッドソール・インナーソール、ソール、サンダル、椅子表皮、鞄、ランドセル、ジャンバー・コートなどのウェア、帯、襷、リボン、手帳カバー、ブックカバー、キーホルダー、ペンケース、財布、名刺入れ、定期入れ、吸盤、歯ブラシ、床材、体操用マット、電動工具部材、農機具部材、放熱材、透明基板、防音材、クッション材、電線ケーブル、形状記憶材料、コネクタ、スイッチ、プラグ、家電部品(モータ部品、ハウジング等)、
医療用ガスケット、医療用キャップ、薬栓、ガスケット、ベビーフード・酪農製品・医薬品・滅菌水等を瓶に充填後、煮沸処理、高圧蒸気滅菌等高温処理される用途のパッキング材、工業用シール材、工業用ミシンテーブル、ナンバープレートハウジング、ペットボトルキャップライナーなどのキャップライナー、
プロテクトフィルム粘着層、ホットメルト粘着材などの粘着材、
文房具、オフィス用品、OAプリンタ脚、FAX脚、ミシン脚、モータ支持マット、オーディオ防振材などの精密機器・OA機器支持部材、OA用耐熱パッキン、アニマルケージ、ビーカー、メスシリンダー等の理化学実験機器、医療用フィルム・シート、細胞培養用フィルム・シート、シリンジ、光学測定用セル、衣装ケース、クリアーケース、クリアーファイル、クリアーシート、デスクマット、
繊維としての用途として、例えば、モノフィラメント、マルチフィラメント、カットファイバー、中空糸、不織布、伸縮性不織布、繊維、防水布、通気性の織物や布、紙おむつ、生理用品、衛生用品、フィルター、バグフィルター、集塵用フィルター、エアクリーナー、中空糸フィルター、浄水フィルター、濾布、濾紙、ガス分離膜、
などが挙げられる。
極限粘度([η])
離合社製自動動粘度測定装置VMR-053PCおよび改良ウベローデ型毛細管粘度計を用い、デカリン、135℃での比粘度ηspを求め、下記式より極限粘度([η])を算出した。
重量平均分子量(Mw)、数平均分子量(Mn)
ウォーターズ社製Alliance GPC2000を用い、濃度0.15(w/v)%の試料溶液500μlを流量1.0ml/分で移動させることにより、重量平均分子量(Mw)および数平均分子量(Mn)の測定を行った。標準ポリスチレンは東ソー社製を用い、ポリスチレン換算での分子量を算出した。
・分離カラム:TSKgel GMH6-HTおよびTSKgel GMH6-HTL(各内径7.5mm、長さ300mmのカラムを2本ずつ用いた。)
・カラム温度:140℃
・移動相:o-ジクロロベンゼン
(0.025wt% ジブチルヒドロキシトルエン含有)
・検出器:示差屈折計
融点(Tm)、結晶化温度(Tc)、融解熱量(ΔHm)、CFC分析
〈常圧重合によって得られたブテンホモポリマーの融点、結晶化温度〉
セイコーインスツル社製RDC220を用い、窒素雰囲気下(50mL/min)、約5mgの試料を30℃から200℃まで昇温した。200℃で5分間保持した後、10℃/minで-50℃まで冷却した。-50℃で5分間保持した後、10℃/minで200℃まで昇温させた。冷却時に観測された結晶化ピークの頂点を結晶化温度(Tc)、2回目の昇温時に観測された結晶溶融ピークの頂点を融点(TmII)とした。
エスアイアイナノテクノロジー社製EXSTAR DSC6220を用い、窒素雰囲気下(30mL/min)、約4mgの試料を30℃から200℃まで昇温した。200℃で5分間保持した後、20℃/minで-50℃まで冷却した。-50℃で5分間保持した後、10℃/minで200℃まで昇温させた。
下記の装置を用いて測定した。
検出器:バンドパスフィルター型赤外検出器IR4(Polymer Char社製)
検出波長範囲:およそ3000~2800cm-1
TREFカラム:ステンレスカラム(外径3/8インチ×長さ15cm,装置内蔵)
GPCカラム:Shodex HT-806M×3本(昭和電工社製)
分子量換算:単分散ポリスチレン(東ソー社製)によるポリスチレン換算
溶離液:o-ジクロロベンゼン(特級グレード、和光純薬社製)
流速:1.0mL/min
試料注入量:0.5mL
GPCカラム温度:140℃
下記条件で調製したサンプルをCFC装置へ注入し、TREFカラム中145℃で10分間、ついで140℃で20分間保持した。その後、-20℃まで1℃/minで冷却して60分間静置させた。その後、下記溶出区分に従いTREFカラムを昇温し、昇温操作のたびに溶出する成分をGPCカラムへ送液して分子量分布と溶出量を決定した。溶出開始温度(累積溶出重量%が0.5重量%となる温度)を[TS]、溶出終了温度(累積溶出重量%が99重量%となる温度)を[TE]とし、([TS]+[TE])/2で特定される温度[TX]における、全溶出量に対する累積溶出量を求めた。[TX]が溶出区分の温度と一致しない場合は、[TX]を挟んだ、[TX]直近2点の溶出区分の温度におけるそれぞれの累積溶出量から、当該2点間の温度領域における温度に対する累積溶出量が線型性を有すると仮定して[TX]における累積溶出量を求めた。
試料調製濃度:120mg/30mL
試料調製溶媒:o-ジクロロベンゼン(特級グレード、和光純薬社製)
試料調製温度:145℃
溶出区分:-20、0、2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16、18、20、22、24、26、28、30、32、34、36、38、40、42、44、46、48、50、52、54、56、58、60、62、64、66、68、70、140℃(計38分画)
〈4-メチル-1-ペンテンホモポリマーの融点、結晶化温度、融解熱量〉
エスアイアイナノテクノロジー社製EXSTAR DSC7020を用い、窒素雰囲気下(30mL/min)、約5mgの試料を30℃から300℃まで昇温した。300℃で5分間保持した後、10℃/minで0℃まで冷却した。0℃で5分間保持した後、10℃/minで300℃まで昇温させた。冷却時に観測された結晶化ピークの頂点を結晶化温度(Tc)、2回目の昇温時に観測された結晶溶融ピークの頂点を融点(Tm)とした。また、この結晶溶融ピークの積算値から融解熱量ΔHmを算出した。
エスアイアイナノテクノロジー社製EXSTAR DSC7020を用い、窒素雰囲気下(30mL/min)、約5mgの試料を30℃から250℃まで昇温した。250℃で5分間保持した後、10℃/minで0℃まで冷却した。0℃で5分間保持した後、10℃/minで250℃まで昇温させた。冷却時に観測された結晶化ピークの頂点を結晶化温度(Tc)、2回目の昇温時に観測された結晶溶融ピークの頂点を融点(Tm)とした。また、この結晶溶融ピークの積算値から融解熱量ΔHmを算出した。
エスアイアイナノテクノロジー社製EXSTAR DSC6220を用い、窒素雰囲気下(30mL/min)、約4mgの試料を30℃から280℃まで昇温した。280℃で5分間保持した後、10℃/minで-50℃まで冷却した。-50℃で5分間保持した後、10℃/minで280℃まで昇温させた。冷却時に観測された結晶化ピークの頂点を結晶化温度(Tc)、2回目の昇温時に観測された結晶溶融ピークの頂点を融点(Tm)とした。また、この結晶溶融ピークの積算値から融解熱量ΔHmを算出した。
メソペンタッド分率(mmmm)と2,1-挿入、1,4-挿入に起因する位置不規則性とを、13C-NMRスペクトルより算出した。13C-NMRスペクトルは、o-ジクロロベンゼンと重水素原子化ベンゼンの4/1混合溶媒(o-ジクロロベンゼン/重水素原子化ベンゼン;体積比)0.6ml中、サンプル50mgを溶解し、ブルカー・バイオスピン製AVANCEIIIcryo-500型核磁気共鳴装置を用いて、120℃で、45°パルスを用いて、繰返し時間5.5秒、積算回数256回で測定した。ケミカルシフトの基準値は、側鎖メチレン基のmmmm由来のシグナルを27.50ppmとした。ピークの帰属は、K. Matsuzaki, T. Uryu, T. Asakura, NMR SPECTROSCOPY AND STEREOREGULARITY OF POLYMERS, JAPAN SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES PRESSを参考に行った。
I(X)は、Xに帰属される26.2~28.5ppmのメチレン基由来のピーク積を示す。I(CH2)は、26.2~28.5ppmのメチレン基由来の全ピーク面積を示す。なお、0.01%未満を検出限界以下とした。
4-メチル-1-ペンテン/α-オレフィン共重合体中のα-オレフィン含量
4-メチル-1-ペンテン/プロピレン共重合体中のプロピレン含量および4-メチル-1-ペンテン/α-オレフィン共重合体中のα-オレフィン含量は、以下の装置および条件により、13C-NMRスペクトルより算出した。
ここでPはプロピレン主鎖メチンシグナルの全ピーク面積を示し、Mは4-メチル-1-ペンテン主鎖メチンシグナルの全ピーク面積を示す。
4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合体のアイソダイアドタクティシティー(メソダイアッド分率)は、ポリマー鎖中の任意の2個の頭尾結合した4-メチル-1-ペンテン単位連鎖を平面ジグザグ構造で表現した時、そのイソブチル分岐の方向が同一である割合と定義し、13C-NMRスペクトルから下記式により求めた。
[式中、m、rは下記式
13C-NMRスペクトルは、ブルカー・バイオスピン製AVANCEIIIcryo-500型核磁気共鳴装置を用いて、溶媒はo-ジクロロベンゼン/ベンゼン-d6(4/1 v/v)混合溶媒、試料濃度は60mg/0.6mL、測定温度は120℃、観測核は13C(125MHz)、シーケンスはシングルパルスプロトンブロードバンドデカップリング、パルス幅は5.0μ秒(45°パルス)、繰返し時間は5.5秒、ベンゼン-d6の128ppmをケミカルシフトの基準値として測定した。
重合体スラリーを濾過することで、固体状重合体(白色固体)と濾液とに分離した。次いで、濾液から蒸発法により溶媒を除去することで、濾液中に溶解している重合体を得た。次いで以下の式に基づき、濾液中の重合体量を算出した。
W1:濾別された固体状重合体(白色固体)の質量(g)
W2:スラリーの濾液中に溶解している重合体の質量(g)
4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合体のゲル分率
ゲル分率は、ソックスレー抽出機#325メッシュの金網中に試料を約5g装入し、沸騰p-キシレン還流で3時間抽出を行い、金網内に残存した物の重量から下記の式で算出した。
化合物および触媒の構造・純度の同定
実施例等で得られた化合物および触媒の構造・純度は、核磁気共鳴(NMR、日本電子社製GSH-270)、電解脱離質量分析(FD-MS、日本電子社製SX-102A)、ガスクロマトグラフィー質量分析(GC-MS、ヒューレットパッカード社製HP6890/HP5973または島津製作所社製GC-17A/GCMS-QP5050A)等を用いて決定した。メタロセン化合物の立体構造は、1H-NMR測定によって得られたスペクトルと、理論的な計算によって得られた各種立体異性体のスペクトルとを比較することにより決定した。
[合成例1](1-オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル-5-tert-ブチル-3-イソプロピル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)ジルコニウムジクロライド(触媒A)の合成
(1)5-tert-ブチル-1-イソプロピル-3-メチル-1,2-ジヒドロペンタレン:窒素雰囲気下、100ml三口フラスコにメタノール50ml、tert-ブチルシクロペンタジエン2.54g、ピロリジン5.2ml、イソブチルアルデヒド2.1mlを氷水浴下で装入した。室温に戻し4時間、さらに40℃で1.5時間攪拌した。イソブチルアルデヒド2.1mlを追加し、室温で18時間、さらに70℃で7時間攪拌した。アセトン7.0mlを装入し、70℃で17時間反応させた。さらにアセトン10mlを装入し、70℃で6時間攪拌した。反応溶液を0.5M塩酸150mlに注いだ。有機層を分離し、水層をヘキサン150mlで抽出し、先の有機層と合わせて、飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液、水、飽和塩化ナトリウム水溶液で洗浄した。硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した後、溶媒を留去した。カラムクロマトグラフィーで精製することにより、表題化合物を得た。収量0.96g、収率21%。
1H-NMRより、複数の異性体の混合物であった。
FD-MS: m/Z=762.3 (M+).
[合成例2](1-オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル-3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)ジルコニウムジクロライド(触媒B)の合成
(1)1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-3-メチル-1,2-ジヒドロペンタレン:窒素雰囲気下、100ml三口フラスコにシクロペンチルメチルエーテル50ml、tert-ブチルシクロペンタジエン2.5gを装入した。氷水浴下、この溶液に1.57Mのn-ブチルリチウムヘキサン溶液13.2mlを40分間かけて滴下した。室温に戻し2時間攪拌した。氷水浴下、ピバルアルデヒド2.02gを3分間かけて滴下し、室温に戻し3時間攪拌した。ピロリジン8.3mlとアセトン6.0mlを装入し、80℃で16時間攪拌した。反応溶液を1.1N塩酸100mlに注いだ。有機層を分離し、水層をヘキサン100mlで抽出し、先の有機層と合わせて、飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液、水、飽和塩化ナトリウム水溶液で洗浄した。硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した後、溶媒を留去した。得られた固体をエタノールとメタノールの混合溶媒に加え、攪拌した。析出した固体をろ別し、減圧乾燥することにより、表題化合物を得た。収量2.09g、収率44%。
(2)1-オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル-3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン:窒素雰囲気下、100ml三口フラスコにオクタメチルフルオレン2.27g、シクロヘキサン50ml、シクロペンチルメチルエーテル1.4mlを装入した。氷水浴下、1.57Mのn-ブチルリチウムヘキサン溶液3.90mlを10分間かけて滴下した。50℃で2時間攪拌した。1,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-3-メチル-1,2-ジヒドロペンタレン1.50gを加えた。80℃で17時間攪拌した後、反応溶液を0.2N塩酸50mlに加えた。有機層を分離し、水層をヘキサン200mlで抽出し、先の有機層と合わせて、飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液で1回、水で2回、飽和食塩水で1回洗浄した。硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した後、溶媒を留去した。得られた固体をカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製した後、ヘキサンで洗浄することにより、表題化合物を淡黄色粉末として得た。収量1.91g、収率53%。
1H-NMRより、複数の異性体の混合物であった。
FD-MS: m/Z=776.3 (M+).
[合成例3](8-オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル-(2-tert-ブチル-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン))ジルコニウムジクロライド(触媒C)の合成
(1)2-tert-ブチル-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン:窒素雰囲気下、100ml三口フラスコにTHF50ml、tert-ブチルシクロペンタジエン2.5gを装入した。氷/アセトン浴下、この溶液に1.65Mのn-ブチルリチウムヘキサン溶液13.0mlを40分間かけて滴下した。室温に戻し17時間攪拌した。氷水浴下、塩化マグネシウム2.19gを加え、室温に戻し6.5時間撹拌した。ヨウ化銅0.432gを加えた。氷/アセトン浴下、1-アセチルシクロヘキセンのヘキサン溶液7.08g(38.3wt%)を10分間かけて滴下し、室温に戻し19時間攪拌した。酢酸1.3ml、ピロリジン5.2mlを装入し、室温で17時間攪拌した。反応溶液を0.5N塩酸120mlに注いだ。有機層を分離し、水層をヘキサン200mlで抽出し、先の有機層と合わせて、水、飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液、飽和塩化ナトリウム水溶液で洗浄した。硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した後、溶媒を留去した。メタノールから再結晶することにより、表題化合物を得た。収量0.445g、収率9.5%。
GC-MS: m/Z=228 (M+).
(2)8-オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル-(2-tert-ブチル-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン):窒素雰囲気下、30mlシュレンク管にオクタメチルフルオレン0.655g、tert-ブチルメチルエーテル20mlを装入した。氷水浴下、1.65Mのn-ブチルリチウムヘキサン溶液1.10mlを15分間かけて滴下した。徐々に室温に戻しながら22時間攪拌した。2-tert-ブチル-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン0.453gを加えた。室温で19時間、さらに50℃で6.5時間攪拌した後、反応溶液を0.1N塩酸100mlに加えた。有機層を分離し、水層をヘキサン100mlで抽出し、先の有機層と合わせて、飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液で1回、水で2回、飽和食塩水で1回洗浄した。硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した後、溶媒を留去した。得られた固体をカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製した後、アセトンで洗浄することにより、表題化合物を得た。収量0.50g、収率48%。
1H-NMRより、複数の異性体の混合物であった。
FD-MS: m/Z= 774.3 (M+).
[合成例4](8-オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル-(2-(アダマンタン-1-イル)-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン))ジルコニウムジクロライド(触媒D)の合成
(1)1-アダマンチルシクロペンタジエニルリチウム:窒素雰囲気下、200ml三口フラスコにエチルマグネシウムブロマイドのtert-ブチルメチルエーテル溶液(1.0M、40ml)を装入した。この溶液を氷浴で冷却しつつシクロペンタジエン2.64gを20分間かけて滴下し、室温に戻し17時間攪拌し、溶液Aを調製した。
(2)2-(アダマンタン-1-イル)-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン:窒素雰囲気下、100ml三口フラスコにTHF40ml、塩化マグネシウム1.57gを装入した。この溶液に1-アダマンチルシクロペンタジエニルリチウム3.09gをTHF10mlに溶解させて5分間かけて滴下し、室温で2時間、さらに50℃で3時間攪拌した。氷/アセトン浴下、1-アセチルシクロヘキセン1.96g(15.75mmol)をTHF10mlに溶解させて10分間かけて滴下し、室温で19時間攪拌した。氷/アセトン浴下、酢酸1.0ml、ピロリジン3.1mlを装入し、室温で17時間攪拌した。氷/アセトン浴下、飽和塩化アンモニウム水溶液30mlを加えた。ヘキサン100mlを加えた後、有機層を分離し、水層をヘキサン200mlで抽出し、先の有機層と合わせて、水で二回洗浄した。硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した後、溶媒を留去した。メタノールから再結晶することにより、表題化合物を得た。収量2.134g、収率47%。
GC-MS: m/Z=306 (M+).
(3)8-オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル- (2-(アダマンタン-1-イル)-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン):窒素雰囲気下、30mlシュレンク管にオクタメチルフルオレン1.546g、tert-ブチルメチルエーテル40mlを装入した。氷/アセトン浴下、1.6Mのn-ブチルリチウムヘキサン溶液2.62mlを15分間かけて滴下した。徐々に室温に戻しながら22時間攪拌した。2-(アダマンタン-1-イル)-8-メチル-3,3b,4,5,6,7,7a,8-オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[a]インデン1.349gを加えた。室温で19時間、さらに50℃で8時間攪拌した後、反応溶液を飽和塩化アンモニウム水溶液100mlに加えた。有機層を分離し、水層をヘキサン100mlで抽出し、先の有機層と合わせて、水で2回洗浄した。硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した後、溶媒を留去した。得られた固体をアセトンで洗浄することにより、表題化合物を得た。収量1.51g、収率54%。
1H-NMRより、複数の異性体の混合物であった。
[合成例5](1-オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル-5-アダマンチル-3-イソプロピル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン)ジルコニウムジクロライド(触媒E)の合成
(1)5-アダマンチル-1-イソプロピル-3-メチル-1,2-ジヒドロペンタレン:窒素雰囲気下、100ml三口フラスコに合成例4で合成したアダマンチルシクロペンタジエニルリチウム2.5g、シクロペンチルメチルエーテルを60ml装入し、氷水浴につけた。ここにイソブチルアルデヒドを1.33ml装入し、室温に戻して17時間攪拌した。イソブチルアルデヒド0.66mlを加え、室温で7時間攪拌した。さらにイソブチルアルデヒド0.66mlを加え50℃で17時間攪拌した。室温まで冷却し、ピロリジン5.2ml、アセトン4.0mlを加え、70℃で18時間反応させた。飽和塩化アンモニウム水溶液を加えて、有機層を分離し、水層をジエチルエーテルで抽出した。先の有機層と合わせて飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液、水、飽和塩化ナトリウム水溶液で洗浄した。硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、溶媒を留去した。カラムクロマトグラフィーで精製した後、エタノールで洗浄することにより表題化合物を得た。収量706mg、収率20%。
FD-MS: m/Z=294.3(M+).
(2)1-オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル-5-アダマンチル-3-イソプロピル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン:窒素雰囲気下、100ml三口フラスコにオクタメチルフルオレン893mg、tert-ブチルメチルエ-テル20mlを装入した。1.63Mのn-ブチルリチウムヘキサン溶液1.5mlを5分間かけて滴下した。室温で2時間、40℃で2時間攪拌した。室温に戻した後、氷浴下、5-アダマンチル-1-イソプロピル-3-メチル-1,2-ジヒドロペンタレン748mgをtert-ブチルメチルエ-テル30mlに溶解させた溶液を加えた。室温で24時間攪拌した後、飽和塩化アンモニウム水溶液を加えて、有機層を分離し飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液、水、飽和塩化ナトリウム水溶液で洗浄した。硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、溶媒を留去した。得られた固体をメタノールで洗浄することにより表題化合物を得た。収量1.027g、収率64%。
(3)触媒(E):窒素雰囲気下、100mlシュレンクフラスコに1-オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル-5-アダマンチル-3-イソプロピル-1-メチル-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロペンタレン1000mg、ヘキサン30ml、シクロペンチルメチルエーテル2.57ml、α-メチルスチレン0.46mlを装入した。1.63Mのn-ブチルリチウムヘキサン溶液2.16mlを10分間かけて滴下した。70℃で4時間攪拌した。溶媒を留去し、得られた固体にヘキサン20mlを加えた。ろ過により固体を回収し、減圧下で乾燥した。得られた固体708mgを100mlシュレンクフラスコに装入し、続いてジエチルエーテル40mlを装入した。ドライアイス-メタノール浴下、四塩化ジルコニウムを255mg装入し、30分撹拌した。ドライアイス-メタノール浴を外し、室温に戻しながら18時間撹拌した。溶媒を留去し、ジクロロメタン、ヘキサンで可溶分を抽出した。得られた溶液を濃縮し、ヘキサン2mlに溶解させ、-20℃にて再結晶した。析出した赤色固体をろ過によって回収し、ヘキサンで洗浄した後、減圧下で乾燥させることで表題化合物を得た。収量207.6mg、収率17%。
FD-MS: m/Z=840.3(M+).
[比較合成例1][3-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(1,1,3-トリメチル-5-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,3a-テトラヒドロペンタレン)]ジルコニウムジクロライド(触媒a)の合成
(1)5-tert-ブチル-1,1,3-トリメチル-1,2-ジヒドロペンタレン:窒素雰囲気下、200ml三口フラスコにtert-ブチルシクロペンタジエン4.83g、4-メチルペンタ-3-エン-2-オン9.0ml、メタノール40ml、ピロリジン16.5mlを装入した。還流下で43時間攪拌した。反応溶液を1N塩酸250mlに注いだ。有機層を分離し、水層をヘキサン200mlで抽出し、先の有機層と合わせて、水、飽和塩化ナトリウム水溶液で洗浄した。硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した後、溶媒を留去した。カラムクロマトグラフィーで精製することにより、表題化合物を得た。ガスクロマトグラフィーにより分析した結果、純度は86.8%であった。収量5.46g、収率59.4%。
GC-MS: m/Z=202 (M+).
(2)3-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(1,1,3-トリメチル-5-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,3a-テトラヒドロペンタレン):窒素雰囲気下、100ml三つ口フラスコにオクタメチルフルオレン1.58g、ジエチルエーテル30mlを装入した。氷/アセトン浴下、1.56Mのn-ブチルリチウムヘキサン溶液2.7mlを15分間かけて滴下した。徐々に室温まで昇温しながら25時間攪拌した。5-tert-ブチル-1,1,3-トリメチル-1,2-ジヒドロペンタレン0.95gのジエチルエーテル溶液10mlを5分間かけて加えた。還流下で56時間攪拌した後、反応溶液を1N塩酸100mlに注いだ。有機層を分離し、水層をヘキサン75mlで2回抽出し、先の有機層と合わせて、飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液で1回、水で2回、飽和食塩水で1回洗浄した。硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した後、溶媒を留去した。得られた固体をカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製し、ペンタンおよびエタノールで洗浄することにより、表題化合物を得た。収量2.02g、収率84%。
FD-MS: m/Z=589 (M+).
(3)触媒(a):窒素雰囲気下、30mlシュレンク管に3-(オクタメチルフルオレン-12'-イル)(1,1,3-トリメチル-5-tert-ブチル-1,2,3,3a-テトラヒドロペンタレン)0.884g、ヘキサン20mlを装入した。氷/アセトン浴下、1.56Mのn-ブチルリチウムヘキサン溶液2.05mlを加え、15分間攪拌した。tert-ブトキシカリウム0.351g(3.12mmol)を加えた。徐々に室温に戻しながら5時間攪拌した後、濾過により赤紫色粉末を得た。得られた赤紫色粉末を、ヘキサン約10mlを用いて洗浄した。30mlシュレンク管に赤紫色粉末、ジエチルエーテル30mlを挿入した。氷/アセトン浴で冷却後、四塩化ジルコニウム0.452g(1.94mmol)を加えた。徐々に室温に戻しながら39時間攪拌した。溶媒を留去した後、ジクロロメタンで可溶分を抽出した。溶媒を留去した。得られた固体にヘキサンを加え、可溶分を抽出した。ヘキサン溶液を濃縮し、析出した固体をデカンテーションによって取り出し、減圧乾燥することにより、目的物を得た。収量0.248g、収率22.2%。
FD-MS: m/Z=748 (M+).
[比較合成例2]国際公開第2006/025540号パンフレットの合成例1に従って合成したメタロセン化合物(ジフェニルメチレン(3-tert-ブチル-5-エチルシクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド;触媒b)
[比較合成例3]国際公開第2001/027124号パンフレットの実施例1に従って合成したメタロセン化合物(ジメチルメチレン(3-tert-ブチル-5-メチルシクロペンタジエニル)フルオレニルジルコニウムジクロリド;触媒c)
[比較合成例4]国際公開第2004/087775号パンフレットの実施例3cに従って合成したメタロセン化合物(ジフェニルメチレン(3-tert-ブチル-5-メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジ-tert-ブチルフルオレニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド;触媒d)
充分に窒素置換した内容積500mlのガス流通式ガラス製重合器に、ヘキサン250mlを入れ、25℃にて、1-ブテンを90リットル/時間で流通し、系を充分に飽和させた。次いで、トリイソブチルアルミニウム0.25mmolを加えた。ここにあらかじめ混合しておいた遷移金属化合物(触媒B)10μmolと東ソー・ファインケム社製メチルアルミノキサン(MMAO-3A)5.0mmol(Al原子換算)とを含むヘキサン溶液を加え、系を25℃に保ったまま45分間重合した。重合の停止は少量のイソブチルアルコールを加えることにより行った。重合懸濁液を少量の塩酸を加えたメタノールとアセトンとの混合溶媒(体積比1:1)1Lに入れて充分に攪拌し、濾過した。ポリマーを大量のメタノールにて洗浄し、80℃で10時間乾燥した。結果を表1にまとめた。
実施例1Aにおいて、ヘキサン溶液における遷移金属化合物の種類および量、メチルアルミノキサンの量、ならびに重合条件を表1に記載したとおりに変更したこと以外は実施例1Aと同様の方法で行った。結果を表1および表2にまとめた。
窒素置換した30mLの枝付きフラスコに攪拌子を入れ、遷移金属化合物(触媒D)3.9mg、ヘプタン5mL、東ソー・ファインケム社製メチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.35mL(Al/Zr=310、モル比)を加え、30分以上攪拌し、触媒溶液を得た。
実施例5Aにおいて、重合温度を40℃としたこと以外は実施例5Aと同様の方法で行った。結果を表3-1にまとめた。
実施例5Aにおいて、1-ブテン装入量を180g、重合温度を50℃としたこと以外は実施例5Aと同様の方法で行った。結果を表3-1および表3-2にまとめた。得られた重合体をX1とする。
実施例7Aにおいて、重合温度を60℃としたこと以外は実施例7Aと同様の方法で行った。結果を表3-1にまとめた。
実施例7Aにおいて、遷移金属化合物、メチルアルミノキサンの装入量、重合温度を表3-1のとおりに変更し、1-ブテン装入後、ついで水素を0.06NL装入し、その他、重合温度を60℃としたこと以外は実施例7Aと同様の方法で行った。結果を表3-1にまとめた。
実施例7Aにおいて、遷移金属化合物、メチルアルミノキサンの装入量、重合温度を表3-1のとおりに変更し、1-ブテン装入後、ついで水素を0.13NL装入し、その他、重合温度を60℃としたこと以外は実施例7Aと同様の方法で行った。結果を表3-1および表3-2にまとめた。得られた重合体をX2とする。また、重合体X2のクロス分別クロマトグラフ(CFC)による測定結果を表3-3に記載した。
実施例7Aにおいて、遷移金属化合物の種類を表3-1のとおり変更し、1-ブテン装入後、ついで水素を0.012NL装入し、その他、重合温度を40℃としたこと以外は実施例7Aと同様の方法で行った。結果を表3-1および表3-2にまとめた。得られた重合体をX3とする。
実施例7Aにおいて、遷移金属化合物の種類、遷移金属化合物、メチルアルミノキサンの装入量を表3-1のとおり変更し、重合温度を60℃としたこと以外は実施例7Aと同様の方法で行った。結果を表3-1にまとめた。得られた重合体をX4とする。また、重合体X4のクロス分別クロマトグラフ(CFC)による測定結果を表3-3に記載した。
JIS K 7113に準拠して、以下の方法で得られた2mm厚プレスシートから打ち抜いたJIS K 7113の2号型試験片1/2を評価用試料とし、23℃の雰囲気下で引張速度30mm/minで測定を実施した(測定機:株式会社インテスコ製 型番:202X-5)。
以下の条件で作成したプレスシートを10日間室温で保管したものを試験に使用した。
加熱時間:5min
加熱温度:190℃
加熱時圧力:10MPa
冷却速度:40℃/min以上(20℃に設定した別のプレス機で、10MPaで4分間加圧し、室温まで冷却)
重合体X2は、mmmmが98.0%以上であり、かつ、([TS]+[TE])/2で特定される温度[TX]での累積溶出量が40重量%以上である。この重合体X2は、表3-2に示すとおり、引張降伏応力が従来品(例:重合体X4)と同程度でありながら、高い引張弾性率を示す。すなわち、本発明の新規な1-ブテン重合体は、剛性および降伏応力のバランスに優れていることを示している。
窒素置換した30mLの枝付きフラスコに攪拌子を入れ、遷移金属化合物(触媒C)4.6mg、トルエン22.0mL、東ソー・ファインケム社製メチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.58mL(Al/Zr=300、モル比)を加え、30分以上攪拌し、触媒C濃度0.25mmol/Lの触媒溶液を得た。
実施例1Bにおいて、遷移金属化合物の種類および触媒溶液の触媒濃度を表4に記載したとおりに変更したこと以外は実施例1Bと同様の方法で行った。結果を表4にまとめた。
窒素置換した30mLの枝付きフラスコに攪拌子を入れ、遷移金属化合物(触媒D)3.4mg、トルエン5mL、東ソー・ファインケム社製メチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.30mL(Al/Zr=310、モル比)を加え、30分以上攪拌し、触媒溶液を得た。
実施例1Cにおいて、オクテン量および重合時間を表5に記載したとおりに変更したこと以外は実施例1Cと同様の方法で行った。結果を表5にまとめた。
窒素置換した30mLの枝付きフラスコに攪拌子を入れ、0.25mg/mLの遷移金属化合物(触媒D)トルエン溶液4.4mL、東ソー・ファインケム社製メチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.10mL(Al/Zr=310、モル比)を加え、30分以上攪拌し、触媒溶液を得た。
実施例5Cにおいて、オクテン量、水素量および重合時間を表5に記載したとおりに変更したこと以外は実施例5Cと同様の方法で行った。結果を表5にまとめた。
窒素置換した30mLの枝付きフラスコに攪拌子を入れ、遷移金属化合物(触媒D)3.4mg、トルエン5mL、東ソー・ファインケム社製メチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.30mL(Al/Zr=310、モル比)を加え、30分以上攪拌し、触媒溶液を得た。
実施例9Cにおいて、遷移金属化合物を触媒E 3.4mgに変更したこと以外は実施例9Cと同様の方法で行った。結果を表5にまとめた。
窒素置換した30mLの枝付きフラスコに攪拌子を入れ、遷移金属化合物(触媒E)4.6mg、トルエン8.8mL、東ソー・ファインケム社製メチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.41mL(Al/Zr=310、モル比)を加え、30分以上攪拌し、触媒溶液を得た。
窒素置換した30mLの枝付きフラスコに攪拌子を入れ、遷移金属化合物(触媒C)1.1mg、トルエン5mL、東ソー・ファインケム社製メチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.11mL(Al/Zr=310、モル比)を加え、30分以上攪拌し、触媒溶液を得た。
窒素置換した30mLの枝付きフラスコに攪拌子を入れ、遷移金属化合物(触媒C)3.3mg、トルエン5mL、メチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.30mL(Al/Zr=310、モル比)を加え、30分以上攪拌し、触媒溶液を得た。
窒素置換した30mLの枝付きフラスコに攪拌子を入れ、遷移金属化合物(触媒C)2.2mg、トルエン5mL、メチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.22mL(Al/Zr=310、モル比)を加え、30分以上攪拌し、触媒溶液を得た。
窒素置換した30mLの枝付きフラスコに攪拌子を入れ、遷移金属化合物(触媒D)3.5mg、トルエン5mL、メチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.35mL(Al/Zr=310、モル比)を加え、30分以上攪拌し、触媒溶液を得た。
窒素置換した30mLの枝付きフラスコに攪拌子を入れ、遷移金属化合物(触媒D)2.9mg、トルエン2.9mL、メチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.25mL(Al/Zr=310、モル比)を加え、30分以上攪拌し、触媒溶液を得た。
窒素置換した30mLの枝付きフラスコに攪拌子を入れ、遷移金属化合物(触媒D)1.7mg、トルエン5mL、メチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.15mL(Al/Zr=310、モル比)を加え、30分以上攪拌し、触媒溶液を得た。
窒素置換した30mLの枝付きフラスコに攪拌子を入れ、遷移金属化合物(触媒D)3.2mg、トルエン3.2mL、メチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.15mL(Al/Zr=310、モル比)を加え、30分以上攪拌し、触媒溶液を得た。
実施例2Dにおいて、遷移金属化合物を触媒A 3.0mgとしたこと以外は実施例2Dと同様の方法で行った。結果を表6にまとめた。
窒素置換した30mLの枝付きフラスコに攪拌子を入れ、遷移金属化合物(触媒E)4.2mg、トルエン6.2mL、メチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.37mL(Al/Zr=310、モル比)を加え、30分以上攪拌し、触媒溶液を得た。
窒素置換した30mLの枝付きフラスコに攪拌子を入れ、遷移金属化合物(触媒E)2.9mg、トルエン2.7mL、メチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.26mL(Al/Zr=310、モル比)を加え、30分以上攪拌し、触媒溶液を得た。
実施例3Dにおいて、遷移金属化合物を触媒b 3.2mg、メチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)の使用量を0.30mLとしたこと以外は実施例3Dと同様の方法で行った。結果を表6にまとめた。
実施例2Dにおいて、遷移金属化合物を触媒a 2.9mg、メチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)の使用量を0.30mLとしたこと以外は実施例2Dと同様の方法で行った。結果を表6にまとめた。
窒素置換した内容量1,500mLのSUS製オートクレーブに4-メチル-1-ペンテン500mL、シクロヘキサン250mL、1-オクテンを85mL、0.5Mのトリイソブチルアルミニウムトルエン溶液1.5mLを装入した。オートクレーブを60℃まで加熱し、オートクレーブに水素0.09NLを装入した後、オートクレーブ内の圧力が0.10MPaGになるように窒素を装入した。ここにあらかじめ混合しておいた遷移金属化合物(触媒D)0.11μmolとメチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.03mmol(Al/Zr=310、モル比)とを含むトルエン溶液を導入して60℃で20分間重合を行った。オートクレーブにメタノールを装入して重合を停止した。得られたポリマー溶液をメタノールとアセトンとの混合溶媒(体積比1:1)2Lに加え、ポリマーを析出させた。ポリマーは80℃で12時間減圧乾燥した。ポリマーの収量は16.7gだった。結果を表7-1にまとめた。
窒素置換した内容量1,500mLのSUS製オートクレーブに4-メチル-1-ペンテン750mL、0.5Mのトリイソブチルアルミニウムトルエン溶液1.5mLを装入した。オートクレーブを70℃まで加熱し、オートクレーブに水素0.06NLを装入した後、オートクレーブ内の圧力が0.40MPaGになるように窒素を装入し、前記圧力が0.50MPaGとなるようにプロピレンを装入した。ここにあらかじめ混合しておいた遷移金属化合物(触媒D)0.22μmolとメチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.07mmol(Al/Zr=310、モル比)とを含むトルエン溶液を導入して70℃で18.5分間重合を行い、重合中はオートクレーブ内の圧力を0.50MPaGに維持するようにプロピレンを供給した。オートクレーブにメタノールを装入して重合を停止した。以降の操作は実施例1Eと同様の方法で行った。ポリマーの収量は50.9gだった。結果を表7-1にまとめた。
窒素置換した内容量1,500mLのSUS製オートクレーブに4-メチル-1-ペンテン500mL、シクロヘキサン250mL、出光興産製のリニアレン168を10.4mL、0.5Mのトリイソブチルアルミニウムトルエン溶液1.5mLを装入した。リニアレン168は、1-ヘキサデセンおよび1-オクタデセンの混合α-オレフィンである。オートクレーブを60℃まで加熱し、オートクレーブに水素0.13NLを装入した後、オートクレーブ内の圧力が0.14MPaGになるように窒素を装入した。ここにあらかじめ混合しておいた遷移金属化合物(触媒D)0.11μmolとメチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.04mmol(Al/Zr=310、モル比)とを含むトルエン溶液を導入して60℃で20分間重合を行った。オートクレーブにメタノールを装入して重合を停止した。以降の操作は実施例1Eと同様の方法で行った。ポリマーの収量は54.7gだった。結果を表7-1にまとめた。
窒素置換した内容量1,500mLのSUS製オートクレーブに4-メチル-1-ペンテン750mL、1-オクテンを26mL、0.5Mのトリイソブチルアルミニウムトルエン溶液1.5mLを装入した。オートクレーブを50℃まで加熱し、オートクレーブに水素0.25NLを装入した後、オートクレーブ内の圧力が0.14MPaGになるように窒素を装入した。ここにあらかじめ混合しておいた遷移金属化合物(触媒D)0.06μmolとメチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.02mmol(Al/Zr=310、モル比)とを含むトルエン溶液を導入して50℃で15分間重合を行った。オートクレーブにメタノールを装入して重合を停止した。以降の操作は実施例1Eと同様の方法で行った。ポリマーの収量は45.5gだった。結果を表7-1にまとめた。
窒素置換した内容量1,500mLのSUS製オートクレーブに4-メチル-1-ペンテン500mL、シクロヘキサン250mL、1-デセンを9.8mL、0.5Mのトリイソブチルアルミニウムトルエン溶液1.5mLを装入した。オートクレーブを60℃まで加熱し、オートクレーブに水素0.13NLを装入した後、オートクレーブ内の圧力が0.14MPaGになるように窒素を装入した。ここにあらかじめ混合しておいた遷移金属化合物(触媒D)0.11μmolとメチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.04mmol(Al/Zr=310、モル比)とを含むトルエン溶液を導入して60℃で20分間重合を行った。オートクレーブにメタノールを装入して重合を停止した。以降の操作は実施例1Eと同様の方法で行った。ポリマーの収量は49.0gだった。結果を表7-1にまとめた。
窒素置換した内容量1,500mLのSUS製オートクレーブに4-メチル-1-ペンテン750mL、0.5Mのトリイソブチルアルミニウムトルエン溶液1.5mLを装入した。オートクレーブを70℃まで加熱し、オートクレーブに水素0.06NLを装入した後、オートクレーブ内の圧力が0.50MPaGになるように窒素を装入した。ここにあらかじめ混合しておいた遷移金属化合物(触媒D)0.11μmolとメチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.04mmol(Al/Zr=310、モル比)とを含むトルエン溶液を導入して70℃で20分間重合を行った。オートクレーブにメタノールを装入して重合を停止した。以降の操作は実施例1Eと同様の方法で行った。ポリマーの収量は29.6gだった。結果を表7-1にまとめた。
窒素置換した内容量1,500mLのSUS製オートクレーブに4-メチル-1-ペンテン750mL、0.5Mのトリイソブチルアルミニウムトルエン溶液1.5mLを装入した。オートクレーブを70℃まで加熱し、オートクレーブ内の圧力が0.40MPaGになるように窒素を装入し、前記圧力が0.50MPaGとなるようにプロピレンを装入した。ここにあらかじめ混合しておいた遷移金属化合物(触媒b)3.87μmolとメチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)1.17mmol(Al/Zr=310、モル比)とを含むトルエン溶液を導入して70℃で20分間重合を行い、重合中はオートクレーブ内の圧力を0.50MPaGに維持するようにプロピレンを供給した。オートクレーブにメタノールを装入して重合を停止した。以降の操作は実施例1Eと同様の方法で行った。ポリマーの収量は20.5gだった。結果を表7-2にまとめた。
窒素置換した内容量1,500mLのSUS製オートクレーブに4-メチル-1-ペンテン500mL、シクロヘキサン250mL、出光興産製リニアレン168を5.0mL、0.5Mのトリイソブチルアルミニウムトルエン溶液1.5mLを装入した。オートクレーブを50℃まで加熱し、オートクレーブ内の圧力が0.16MPaGになるように窒素を装入した。ここにあらかじめ混合しておいた遷移金属化合物(触媒b)11μmolとメチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)1.17mmol(Al/Zr=100、モル比)とを含むトルエン溶液を導入して50℃で40分間重合を行った。オートクレーブにメタノールを装入して重合を停止した。以降の操作は実施例1Eと同様の方法で行った。ポリマーの収量は43.2gであった。結果を表7-2にまとめた。
窒素置換した内容量1,500mLのSUS製オートクレーブに4-メチル-1-ペンテン500mL、シクロヘキサン250mL、1-オクテンを7.5mL、0.5Mのトリイソブチルアルミニウムトルエン溶液1.5mLを装入した。オートクレーブを50℃まで加熱し、オートクレーブ内の圧力が0.16MPaGになるように窒素を装入した。ここにあらかじめ混合しておいた遷移金属化合物(触媒b)3.87μmolとメチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)1.17mmol(Al/Zr=310、モル比)とを含むトルエン溶液を導入して50℃で20分間重合を行った。オートクレーブにメタノールを装入して重合を停止した。以降の操作は実施例1Eと同様の方法で行った。ポリマーの収量は11.1gだった。結果を表7-2にまとめた。
窒素置換した内容量1,500mLのSUS製オートクレーブに4-メチル-1-ペンテン500mL、シクロヘキサン250mL、1-デセンを3.5mL、0.5Mのトリイソブチルアルミニウムトルエン溶液1.5mLを装入した。オートクレーブを50℃まで加熱し、オートクレーブ内の圧力が0.16MPaGになるように窒素を装入した。ここにあらかじめ混合しておいた遷移金属化合物(触媒b)3.87μmolとメチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)1.17mmol(Al/Zr=310、モル比)とを含むトルエン溶液を導入して50℃で20分間重合を行った。オートクレーブにメタノールを装入して重合を停止した。以降の操作は実施例1Eと同様の方法で行った。ポリマーの収量は19.8gだった。結果を表7-2にまとめた。
チタン触媒で合成した4-メチルペンテン-1共重合体として、以下に示す三井化学(株)製のTPX(メチルペンテンポリマー)を使用した。結果を表7-2にまとめた。
比較例6E:MX004(MFR=26g/10分、Tm=228℃)
比較例7E:RT18 (MFR=25g/10分、Tm=233℃)
比較例8E:MX019(MFR=90g/10分、Tm=243℃)
引張特性であるヤング率(YM)、破断点伸び(EL)の評価は以下の方法で得られた1mm厚プレスシートから打ち抜いたJIS K7113の2号型試験片1/2を評価用試料とし、23℃の雰囲気下で引張速度200mm/minで実施した。
以下の方法で作製した厚み3mmのプレスシートを用いて、アイゾッドASTMに準拠して、ハンマー容量3.92J、空振り角度149.1度、試験温度23℃の条件で衝撃試験を実施した。
以下の方法で作製した厚み3mmのプレスシートを用いて、ASTM D1525に準拠して、安田精機株式会社製試験機を用い、昇温速度50℃/hr、試験荷重10Nにてビカット軟化温度試験を実施した。
表7-1に記載した例では、剛性の指標であるヤング率が高く、かつ靭性の指標である破断点伸びも従来品と同程度である。一方、表7-2に記載した例では、ヤング率が低い。表7-1および表7-2に記載した例について、破断点伸びに対してヤング率をプロットしたグラフを図2に示す。
窒素置換した内容量1,500mLのSUS製オートクレーブに4-メチル-1-ペンテン750mL、0.5Mのトリイソブチルアルミニウムトルエン溶液1.5mLを装入した。オートクレーブを70℃まで加熱し、オートクレーブに水素0.13NLを装入した後、オートクレーブ内の圧力が0.20MPaGになるように窒素を装入し、前記圧力が0.60MPaGとなるようにプロピレンを装入した。ここにあらかじめ混合しておいた遷移金属化合物(触媒D)0.22μmolとメチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)0.07mmol(Al/Zr=310、モル比)とを含むトルエン溶液を導入して70℃で10分間重合を行い、重合中はオートクレーブ内の圧力を0.60MPaGに維持するようにプロピレンを供給した。オートクレーブにメタノールを装入して重合を停止した。以降の操作は実施例2Eと同様の方法で行った。ポリマーの収量は53.2gだった。結果を表8にまとめた。
窒素置換した内容量1,500mLのSUS製オートクレーブに4-メチル-1-ペンテン750mL、0.5Mのトリイソブチルアルミニウムトルエン溶液1.5mLを装入した。オートクレーブを70℃まで加熱し、オートクレーブ内の圧力が0.20MPaGになるように窒素を装入し、前記圧力が0.60MPaGとなるようにプロピレンを装入した。ここにあらかじめ混合しておいた遷移金属化合物(触媒D)3.8μmolとメチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)1.18mmol(Al/Zr=310、モル比)とを含むトルエン溶液を導入して70℃で20分間重合を行い、重合中はオートクレーブ内の圧力を0.60MPaGに維持するようにプロピレンを供給した。オートクレーブにメタノールを装入して重合を停止した。以降の操作は実施例2Eと同様の方法で行った。ポリマーの収量は63.0gだった。結果を表8にまとめた。
窒素置換した内容量1,500mLのSUS製オートクレーブに4-メチル-1-ペンテン400mL、ヘキサン300mL、1.0Mのトリイソブチルアルミニウムトルエン溶液0.75mLを装入した。オートクレーブを60℃まで加熱し、オートクレーブ内の圧力が0.40MPaGになるようにプロピレンを装入した。ここにあらかじめ混合しておいた遷移金属化合物(触媒b)10μmolとメチルアルミノキサン(TMAO-341)1.00mmol(Al/Zr=100、モル比)とを含むトルエン溶液を導入して60℃で60分間重合を行い、重合中はオートクレーブ内の圧力を0.40MPaGに維持するようにプロピレンを供給した。オートクレーブにメタノールを装入して重合を停止した。以降の操作は実施例1Eと同様の方法で行った。結果を表8にまとめた。ポリマーの収量は36.9gだった。
以下の条件で厚さ3mmのプレスシートを作成し、さらに動的粘弾性測定に必要な45mm×10mm×3mmの短冊片を切り出した。ANTONPaar社製MCR301を用いて、10rad/sの周波数で-70~180℃までの動的粘弾性の温度依存性を測定し、ガラス転移温度に起因する損失正接(tanδ)のピーク値を測定した。
以下の条件で厚さ1mmのプレスシートを作成し、JIS K7113の2号型試験片1/2を打ち抜いて評価用試料とした。引張速度30mm/minで伸長率150%とした試験片のチャック間距離を測定した。その試験片を23℃の雰囲気下で10分間保持し、開放10分後の試験片のチャック間距離を測定し、その差から引張永久伸びを求めた。
圧縮永久歪は、以下の条件で作製した厚み3mmのプレスシートを4枚重ねて12mmとしたサンプルを、JIS K6262に準拠して、25%圧縮した後、23℃で22時間熱処理を行い、その後23℃で2時間放置した後、厚みを測定し、試験前後での歪量を計算して得た。
実施例1F,2Fで得られた重合体は、メソダイアッド分率(m)が98.5%以上であり、かつ、融点Tmが不検出である。この重合体は、表8に示すとおり、損失正接が比較例1Fの重合体と同程度でありながら、小さな圧縮永久歪を示す。すなわち、本発明の新規な非晶性4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合体は、粘弾性特性のバランスに優れていることを示している。
[実施例1G]
(1)触媒Dを用いた担持触媒の調製
200℃で3時間乾燥したシリカ(AGCエスアイテック製 サンスフェア H-31)8.5kgを33 Lのトルエンで懸濁状にした後、メチルアルミノキサンのトルエン溶液(Al=1.42モル/ L)124.5 Lを30分かけて滴下した。次いで1.5時間かけて115℃まで昇温し、その温度で4時間反応させた。その後60℃まで降温し、上澄み液をデカンテーション法によって除去した。得られた固体触媒成分をトルエンで3回洗浄した後、トルエンで再懸濁化(0.16g/mL,1.5mmol-Al/mL)してシリカ担持メチルアルミノキサンを得た(MAO/Si=1.25モル比)。
窒素気流下で内容積500mLのガラス製重合器に、室温で4-メチル-1-ペンテン300mLを加え、昇温した。水素0.5L/hと窒素15L/hの混合気体を流通し、トリイソブチルアルミニウム(デカン溶液1.0mmol/mL)0.1mmol、および上記で調製した触媒懸濁液をジルコニウム原子換算で0.001mmol加え、重合器内を40℃に保ちながら撹拌した。重合時間1時間経過後、イソブチルアルコールを重合器内に加えて重合を終了し、ただちに重合液を濾過して固体状重合体を得た。減圧下、80℃で8時間乾燥し、収量11.0gの重合体を得た。この重合体は極限粘度[η]=5.58dl/g、Tm=242.6℃であり、溶媒可溶部量(SP)は0.38重量%であった。
触媒懸濁液の調製で触媒として比較合成例4の遷移金属化合物(触媒d)を12.5mg(17μmol)、シリカ担持メチルアルミノキサンをアルミニウム換算で4.6mmol使用し、重合時に触媒をジルコニウム原子換算量で0.4mmol使用したこと以外は実施例1Gと同様にして4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合を行った。得られた重合体は5.8gであった。この重合体は極限粘度[η]=1.50dl/g、Tm=232.8℃であり、溶媒可溶部量(SP)は17重量%であった。
Claims (16)
- 一般式[I]で表される遷移金属化合物およびその鏡像異性体から選ばれる少なくとも1種の遷移金属化合物(A)を含有するオレフィン重合用触媒の存在下で、エチレンおよび炭素数4~30のα-オレフィンから選ばれる少なくとも1種のオレフィンと、必要に応じてプロピレンとを重合する工程を有する、
エチレンおよび炭素数4~30のα-オレフィンから選ばれる少なくとも1種由来の構成単位を合計50モル%を超え100モル%以下の範囲で含み、プロピレン由来の構成単位を0モル%以上50モル%未満の範囲で含むオレフィン重合体(ただし、エチレンおよび炭素数4~30のα-オレフィン由来の構成単位の含量とプロピレン由来の構成単位の含量との合計を100モル%とする。)の製造方法。
- 一般式[I]において、R1およびR3が水素原子である請求項1に記載のオレフィン重合体の製造方法。
- 一般式[I]において、R2が炭素数1~20の炭化水素基である請求項1または2に記載のオレフィン重合体の製造方法。
- 一般式[I]において、R2が、シクロペンタジエニル環に結合する炭素が3級炭素である置換基である請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のオレフィン重合体の製造方法。
- 一般式[I]において、R5およびR7が互いに結合して環を形成している請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のオレフィン重合体の製造方法。
- 一般式[I]において、R9、R12、R13およびR16が水素原子である請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のオレフィン重合体の製造方法。
- 一般式[I]において、R10、R11、R14およびR15が炭化水素基であるか、またはR10とR11が互いに結合して環を形成し、かつR14とR15が互いに結合して環を形成している請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のオレフィン重合体の製造方法。
- 前記オレフィン重合用触媒が、さらに、
(B)(B-1)有機金属化合物、
(B-2)有機アルミニウムオキシ化合物、および
(B-3)遷移金属化合物(A)と反応してイオン対を形成する化合物
から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物
を含有する請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のオレフィン重合体の製造方法。 - 前記オレフィン重合用触媒が担体(C)をさらに含有し、遷移金属化合物(A)が担体(C)に担持された形態で用いられる請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載のオレフィン重合体の製造方法。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法で得られるオレフィン重合体。
- 1-ブテン重合体である請求項10に記載のオレフィン重合体。
- 4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合体である請求項10に記載のオレフィン重合体。
- 13C-NMRで測定されるメソペンタッド分率が98.0%以上99.8%以下である1-ブテン重合体。
- o-ジクロロベンゼンを溶離液とするクロス分別クロマトグラフ法(CFC)において、溶出開始温度(累積溶出重量%が0.5重量%となる温度)を[TS]、溶出終了温度(累積溶出重量%が99重量%となる温度)を[TE]とした場合に、全溶出量に対する、([TS]+[TE])/2で特定される温度[TX]での累積溶出量が40重量%以上である、請求項13に記載の1-ブテン重合体。
- 下記要件(a)~(c)を満たす4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合体。
(a)4-メチル-1-ペンテン由来の構成単位量が100~80モル%であり、炭素数2~30のオレフィン(4-メチル-1-ペンテンを除く)から選ばれる少なくとも1種由来の構成単位量が0~20モル%。
(b)13C-NMRで測定されるメソダイアッド分率(m)が
98.5%以上100%以下。
(c)示差走査型熱量測定(DSC)で測定される融解熱量ΔHm(単位:J/g)と融点Tm(単位:℃)が以下の関係式(1)を満たす。
関係式(1):ΔHm≧0.5×Tm-76 - 下記要件(d)~(f)を満たす4-メチル-1-ペンテン重合体。
(d)4-メチル-1-ペンテン由来の構成単位量が50モル%を超えて80モル%未満であり、炭素数2~30のオレフィン(4-メチル-1-ペンテンを除く)から選ばれる少なくとも1種由来の構成単位量が20モル%を超えて50モル%未満。
(e)13C-NMRで測定されるメソダイアッド分率(m)が
98.5%以上100%以下。
(f)示差走査型熱量測定(DSC)で測定される融点Tmが
100℃未満または実質的に存在しない。
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US20160376385A1 (en) | 2016-12-29 |
US10336837B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 |
CN104662050B (zh) | 2017-03-22 |
US20170327610A1 (en) | 2017-11-16 |
EP2902419A4 (en) | 2016-06-08 |
TW201802129A (zh) | 2018-01-16 |
EP2902419A1 (en) | 2015-08-05 |
US20170327611A1 (en) | 2017-11-16 |
TW201422657A (zh) | 2014-06-16 |
KR101640356B1 (ko) | 2016-07-15 |
US9458257B2 (en) | 2016-10-04 |
CN104662050A (zh) | 2015-05-27 |
SG11201502288TA (en) | 2015-05-28 |
JPWO2014050817A1 (ja) | 2016-08-22 |
US20150239996A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
US9896526B2 (en) | 2018-02-20 |
TWI598369B (zh) | 2017-09-11 |
TWI654208B (zh) | 2019-03-21 |
US10336838B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 |
EP2902419B1 (en) | 2020-08-19 |
KR20150053797A (ko) | 2015-05-18 |
JP5980339B2 (ja) | 2016-08-31 |
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