WO2010109873A1 - シリコンウェーハおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
シリコンウェーハおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010109873A1 WO2010109873A1 PCT/JP2010/002117 JP2010002117W WO2010109873A1 WO 2010109873 A1 WO2010109873 A1 WO 2010109873A1 JP 2010002117 W JP2010002117 W JP 2010002117W WO 2010109873 A1 WO2010109873 A1 WO 2010109873A1
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 377
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 376
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 373
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 242
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 196
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 298
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 158
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 claims description 497
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 117
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- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 34
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
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- 150000003376 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen(.) Chemical compound [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanol Chemical compound [SiH3]O SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
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- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B33/00—After-treatment of single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure
- C30B33/02—Heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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- C30B23/025—Epitaxial-layer growth characterised by the substrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
- C30B25/18—Epitaxial-layer growth characterised by the substrate
- C30B25/186—Epitaxial-layer growth characterised by the substrate being specially pre-treated by, e.g. chemical or physical means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/02—Elements
- C30B29/06—Silicon
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/20—Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth solid phase epitaxy
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/322—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to modify their internal properties, e.g. to produce internal imperfections
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- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/322—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to modify their internal properties, e.g. to produce internal imperfections
- H01L21/3221—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to modify their internal properties, e.g. to produce internal imperfections of silicon bodies, e.g. for gettering
- H01L21/3225—Thermally inducing defects using oxygen present in the silicon body for intrinsic gettering
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- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
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- H01L21/67115—Apparatus for thermal treatment mainly by radiation
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- H01L21/683—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping
- H01L21/687—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches
- H01L21/68714—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support
- H01L21/68735—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support characterised by edge profile or support profile
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/16—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/16—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
- H01L29/167—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table further characterised by the doping material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/36—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities in the bulk material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10S438/914—Doping
- Y10S438/918—Special or nonstandard dopant
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a silicon wafer and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a technique suitable for use in preventing deformation such as warpage of a silicon wafer subjected to a heat treatment in which high internal stress is generated.
- This application was filed in Japan on March 25, 2009, Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2009-074836, 2009-074837 and 2009-075001, and on April 14, 2009. Claim priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-098262, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- annealing process FLA (flash lamp annealing), LSA (Laser Spike Anneal), LTP (laser thermal process), Spike-RTA (Rapid Thermal Annealing) may be used from the 45 nm node (hp65).
- the wafer in FLA heat treatment, the wafer is heated to an initial temperature of 400 ° C. to 600 ° C., and the entire surface of the wafer is irradiated with light having a short wavelength such as an Xe lamp, so that only the surface layer of the wafer is 1100 ° C. or higher. Rapid heating and cooling to near the melting point.
- the heat treatment time is in units (order) from ⁇ (micro) seconds to milliseconds.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and even when subjected to a rapid heating / cooling heat treatment step, it is possible to reduce the oxygen precipitation that is the cause and prevent the occurrence of wafer deformation, and at the same time, the cause of the decrease in wafer strength. It is an object of the present invention to provide a wafer capable of preventing slip extension caused by a boat flaw and a conveyance flaw and a manufacturing method thereof.
- Another object of the present invention is to prevent the formation of oxygen precipitates during the device process at the outer periphery of the wafer in order to prevent local wafer deformation in the device process, and a method for manufacturing the silicon wafer having excellent slip resistance. And to provide.
- Another object of the present invention is to prevent the formation of oxygen precipitates in the bulk even when the DZ annealing process is performed at a high temperature, and further to suppress the formation of oxygen precipitates during the device process.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a silicon wafer excellent in slip resistance and a method for producing the same, in which the wafer is prevented from being deformed and oxygen precipitates are not formed during the device process.
- Another object of the present invention is to prevent the formation of oxygen precipitates during the device process at the outer periphery of the wafer in order to prevent local wafer deformation, particularly in the device process at the outer periphery of the wafer. It is to provide a wafer and a manufacturing method thereof.
- the processing temperature peak temperature
- the temperature rises and falls in a very short time so the stress applied to the wafer increases and oxygen precipitation occurs.
- Deformation such as warpage occurs in the wafer due to the slip extending to the surface. Therefore, the present inventors have sought a means for providing a wafer that can withstand a rapid heating / cooling heat treatment process.
- the prevention of slip elongation due to oxygen precipitates in the wafer which has been adopted as a means for preventing wafer deformation during heat treatment that is not strict as in the prior art, is reverse because the temperature conditions in the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment process are harsh and severe.
- the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment process there is a MOS FET annealing process at a 45 nm node (hp65).
- annealing is performed at a higher temperature and in a shorter time than the conventional RTA.
- the MOS FET indicated by the symbol Mos is an extremely shallow junction that is adjacent to the source Ms and drain Md and is a shallow impurity diffusion region with a depth (junction depth) Xi of about 20 nm from the substrate surface. Mex is formed. In this ultra-shallow junction Mex, it is necessary to realize a box-shaped impurity profile as shown in FIG.
- a heating / cooling heat treatment process is performed.
- the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment process sufficiently activates impurities implanted at a high heating temperature to lower the resistance, and at the same time suppresses unnecessary diffusion of impurities by a short heating time and deactivates activated impurities. ) Can be avoided.
- FLA FLA, LSA, or the like is performed in order to realize the junction depth Xi that is less than 20 nm required at the 45 nm node (hp65).
- a wafer is heated to an initial temperature of 400 ° C. or more and 600 ° C. or less, irradiated with light of a short wavelength such as a Xe flash lamp, and exposed to the wafer electrode in a heat treatment time in milliseconds. Only the surface layer is rapidly heated and rapidly cooled to about 900 ° C to 1350 ° C.
- LSA the temperature of a wafer is raised to an initial temperature of 400 ° C. to 600 ° C.
- the internal stress generated in the wafer during heat treatment may reach a level of 50 to 150 MPa.
- the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment process in the present invention is not limited to this FLA, and is intended for all heat treatments under severe conditions in which the generated internal stress exceeds 20 MPa.
- the wafer 21 is held and fixed on a work stage 22 by vacuum suction as shown in FIG. It is held and fixed to a mask holder 24 above the work stage 22, the work stage 22 is raised and the thin wafer 21 is brought into close contact with the photomask 23, and then post exposure is performed.
- a photoresist film (not shown) is formed on the surface of the wafer 21 in advance, and this photoresist film is exposed and a pattern of the photomask 23 is baked.
- FIG. 6 a horizontal change generated when a pattern to be formed in the subsequent process of the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment process is superimposed on the pattern formed in the previous process of the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment process on the wafer.
- the quantity is indicated by the length of the arrow at each point on the wafer.
- the wafer is vacuum-sucked on the stage. If there is deformation such as warping, the wafer is fixed to the stage with the deformation such as warping corrected during suction. It is considered that the pattern formed on the wafer in the previous process is deformed (horizontal movement) by the corrected deformation and is shifted from the original position to cause an overlay error.
- deformation such as warpage of the wafer is caused by slip dislocation generated from a large size precipitate. If a certain amount of deformation occurs due to deformation such as warping, the deformation cannot be corrected, and the wafer is discarded. That is, due to the deformation of the wafer, the device yield is significantly reduced, and the device manufacturing cost as a whole is greatly increased.
- gettering ability has been imparted to the wafer by oxygen precipitates, but the frequency at which gettering is actually required, that is, the frequency of occurrence of heavy metal contamination is extremely low in the current device manufacturing process.
- This is the current 300 mm diameter relative to the cleanliness (rate in which no foreign matter is present) in the production line that mainly used a 200 mm diameter wafer that required gettering and the environment in which this line was installed.
- This is because the cleanliness of the wafer or the wafer having a diameter of 450 mm is extremely improved. Therefore, it is possible to select a countermeasure against an overlay error that directly affects the device yield as compared with the provision of the gettering ability that is a countermeasure against contamination with a low probability of occurrence. Therefore, the present inventors have chosen to reduce BMD.
- the heat treatment is performed in a state where the wafer is supported so that the ring-shaped susceptor contacts only the edge portion of the wafer. For this reason, when observed by X-ray topography by reflection ore in the ⁇ 4, 0, 0> direction, slip dislocation occurs at the supported wafer edge portion as shown in FIG.
- This slip dislocation is considered to have no effect on the device portion itself if it is about 3 mm from the periphery of the support portion, that is, only at the wafer edge portion and not on the device portion.
- the crack of the wafer is generated from this slip and the strength of the wafer itself is reduced, which causes a decrease in device yield.
- oxygen precipitates having a slip extension suppressing effect are present in the wafer, an overlay error due to wafer deformation is caused in the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment step, and therefore measures other than this method are preferable.
- an oxygen concentration at the time of ingot pulling before being subjected to a device process that generates a large stress, an oxygen concentration at the time of ingot pulling, a dopant concentration added at the time of pulling, and an RTA that dissolves precipitation nuclei so as to suppress oxygen precipitation inside the wafer.
- the inventors of the present invention have found that, by appropriately setting these conditions as in the examples to be described later, a slip suppression state that causes deformation occurring in the wafer by the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment process can be realized. Furthermore, the present inventors have realized a state in which slip extension caused by boat scratches / transport scratches, which is a problem in processes other than the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment process, can be prevented by appropriately setting these conditions. I found out that I can do it.
- the method for producing a silicon epitaxial wafer according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a semiconductor having a heat treatment step in which the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or higher and the melting point of silicon or lower and the temperature rising / falling rate is 150 ° C./sec or higher.
- a method of manufacturing an epitaxial silicon wafer used in a device manufacturing process Using a substrate doped with boron to have a resistance value of 0.02 ⁇ cm to 1 k ⁇ cm and an initial oxygen concentration Oi of 14.0 ⁇ 10 17 to 22 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 (Old-ASTM), An epitaxial step of growing an epitaxial layer on the surface of the substrate; And a step of subjecting the wafer to precipitation melting heat treatment at a processing temperature range of 1150 ° C. to 1300 ° C., a holding time range of 5 sec to 1 min, and a temperature drop rate of 10 ° C./sec to 0.1 ° C./sec.
- the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step is performed before or after the epitaxial step.
- the first aspect of the present invention is provided for a semiconductor device manufacturing process having a heat treatment step in which the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or higher and the melting point of silicon or lower and the temperature rising / falling rate is 150 ° C./sec or higher.
- a method of manufacturing a silicon epitaxial wafer Using a substrate doped with 1 ⁇ 10 13 to 5 ⁇ 10 14 atoms / cm 3 of nitrogen, An epitaxial step of growing an epitaxial layer on the surface of the substrate; After the epitaxial step, there is a step of subjecting the wafer to precipitation melting heat treatment at a processing temperature range of 1200 ° C.
- the first aspect of the present invention is provided for a semiconductor device manufacturing process including a heat treatment step in which the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or higher, the silicon melting point or lower, and the temperature rising / falling rate is 150 ° C./sec or higher.
- Oi initial oxygen concentration
- the first aspect of the present invention is provided for a semiconductor device manufacturing process having a heat treatment step in which the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or higher, the silicon melting point or lower, and the temperature rising / falling rate is 150 ° C./sec or higher.
- An epitaxial step of growing an epitaxial layer on the surface of the substrate Before the epitaxial step, there is a step of subjecting the wafer to precipitation melting heat treatment at a processing temperature range of 1150 ° C. to 1300 ° C., a holding time range of 5 sec to 1 min, and a cooling rate of 10 ° C./sec to 0.1 ° C./sec. .
- the treatment atmosphere is a mixed atmosphere of non-oxidizing gas not containing nitrogen and 3% or more oxygen gas, and the temperature lowering rate is 50 It is also possible to adopt means for setting the temperature in the range of ° C / sec to 20 ° C / sec.
- the silicon epitaxial wafer of the present invention is manufactured by the method for manufacturing a silicon epitaxial wafer according to any one of [A1] to [A7].
- the method for manufacturing a silicon epitaxial wafer according to the first aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device having a heat treatment step in which the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or higher and the melting point of silicon or lower and the temperature rising / falling rate is 150 ° C./sec or higher.
- a method for producing an epitaxial silicon wafer to be subjected to a process Using a substrate doped with boron to have a resistance value of 0.02 ⁇ cm to 1 k ⁇ cm and an initial oxygen concentration Oi of 14.0 ⁇ 10 17 to 22 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 (Old-ASTM), An epitaxial step of growing an epitaxial layer on the surface of the substrate; Before or after the epitaxial step, a step of subjecting the wafer to precipitation melting heat treatment at a processing temperature range of 1150 ° C. to 1300 ° C., a holding time range of 5 sec to 1 min, and a temperature drop rate of 10 ° C./sec to 0.1 ° C./sec. And have.
- the method for manufacturing an epitaxial silicon wafer of the first aspect of the present invention a p-wafer having a high oxygen concentration and a relatively low boron concentration having a slip elongation suppressing effect at the time of pulling up single crystal silicon.
- the oxygen precipitation nuclei causing the wafer deformation can be dissolved by the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step.
- the silicon wafer obtained by the manufacturing method of the first aspect of the present invention has stricter conditions than the conventional RTA treatment, the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. to the silicon melting point range, and the temperature rising / falling rate is 150 ° C.
- the manufacturing method of the first aspect of the present invention it is possible to provide a silicon wafer capable of preventing slip extension caused by boat damage / transport damage that causes a reduction in wafer strength.
- the processing temperature in the epitaxial process only needs to be lower than the processing temperature in the precipitation-melting heat treatment process, and can be set to general conditions (for example, 1000 ° C. or more and 1100 ° C. or less). is there.
- the temperature decreasing rate means a cooling rate in the range from at least the highest temperature (for example, a range of 1050 ° C. or higher and 1400 ° C. or lower) to 700 ° C. that greatly contributes to dissolving the precipitate.
- the concentration of dopant such as boron in the epitaxial layer is set according to the standard of the device to be formed. However, since the contribution to the slip and deformation of the present invention is small, any dopant concentration of the epitaxial layer can be applied.
- a first aspect of the present invention is a silicon epitaxial wafer used for a semiconductor device manufacturing process having a heat treatment step in which the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or higher, the silicon melting point or lower, and the temperature rising / falling rate is 150 ° C./sec or higher.
- an epitaxial silicon wafer of the first aspect of the present invention it is possible to simultaneously prevent wafer deformation and slip even in a nitrogen-doped p-wafer that is liable to form oxygen precipitates. be able to.
- a first aspect of the present invention is a silicon epitaxial wafer used for a semiconductor device manufacturing process having a heat treatment step in which the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or higher, the silicon melting point or lower, and the temperature rising / falling rate is 150 ° C./sec or higher.
- a manufacturing method of A substrate doped with boron to have a resistance value of 0.02 ⁇ cm to 0.001 ⁇ cm and an initial oxygen concentration Oi of 11.0 ⁇ 10 17 to 3 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 (Old-ASTM) Use An epitaxial process for growing an epitaxial layer on the surface of the substrate; According to the method for manufacturing an epitaxial silicon wafer of the first aspect of the present invention, even in a p + wafer or a p ++ wafer having a relatively high boron concentration having a low oxygen concentration at the time of pulling and having a slip extension inhibiting effect, Further, it is possible to simultaneously prevent wafer deformation and slip.
- the silicon single crystal when a silicon single crystal (silicon ingot) into which a silicon wafer is sliced is grown by the CZ (Czochralski) method, the silicon single crystal is within the oxygen concentration range of the silicon wafer.
- the oxygen concentration can be set by applying a magnetic field to the silicon melt, controlling the crucible / crystal rotation speed, or the like.
- the interstitial oxygen concentration is preferably set to 4 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 or less by MCZ method (Magnetic CZ method) in which a magnetic crystal is applied to the silicon melt to grow a single crystal.
- the interstitial oxygen concentration can also be reduced by reducing the rotation speed of the quartz crucible and the single crystal to be pulled up.
- the range is R1: 0.1 or more and 2 or less, R2: 1 or more and 7 or less, R1: When 0.5 or more and 0.7 or less, R2 ⁇ 7-5 (R1-0.5) is satisfied, R1: When 0.7 or more and 1 or less, R2 ⁇ 6 is satisfied, When R1 is 1 or more and 2 or less, it can be set in a range satisfying R2 ⁇ 6-4 (R1-1).
- a silicon single crystal having a low oxygen concentration can be grown by setting the interstitial oxygen concentration in the single crystal to 4.0 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 or less.
- the quartz crucible rotation speed R1 (rpm) and the crystal rotation speed R2 (rpm) are in the range of R1: 0.1 or more and 2 or less, R2: 1 or more and 7 or less, However, when R1: 0.3 or more and 0.5 or less, R2 ⁇ 7-5 (R1-0.3) is satisfied, R1: When 0.5 or more and 0.7 or less, R2 ⁇ 6 is satisfied, When R1: 0.7 or more and 1 or less, R2 ⁇ 6-3.4 (R1-0.7) may be set in a range satisfying.
- a silicon single crystal having a low oxygen concentration can be provided by setting the interstitial oxygen concentration in the single crystal to 3.5 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 or less.
- a horizontal magnetic field, a cusp magnetic field, or the like can be adopted as the magnetic field applied to the silicon melt.
- the strength of the horizontal magnetic field can be 3000 to 5000 G (0.3 T to 0.5 T).
- the magnetic field strength is below the above range, the effect of suppressing convection of the silicon melt is not sufficient, and the shape of the solid-liquid interface cannot be made preferable, and the oxygen concentration cannot be lowered sufficiently, which is not preferable.
- the magnetic field strength is increased beyond the above range, convection is suppressed too much, and the high-temperature silicon melt advances the deterioration of the inner surface of the quartz crucible, and the dislocation-free rate of the crystal is lowered.
- the relationship between the magnetic field center position and the melt surface position during crystal pulling is preferably ⁇ 75 mm to +50 mm, more preferably ⁇ 20 to +45 mm.
- the magnetic field center position means a height position where the center of the magnetic field generating coil is located in the horizontal magnetic field.
- ⁇ 75 mm means that the magnetic field center position is 75 mm below the melt surface.
- +50 mm means that the magnetic field center position is 50 mm above the melt surface.
- the convection of the silicon melt is suppressed, the amount of dissolution of the quartz crucible is reduced, and the synthetic quartz crucible is used, the impurity concentration in the quartz crucible is reduced, and the quality closer to the FZ crystal.
- CZ crystals can be grown.
- the synthetic quartz crucible means that at least the inner surface in contact with the raw material melt is formed of the following synthetic quartz.
- Synthetic quartz is a chemically synthesized and manufactured raw material, and synthetic quartz glass powder is amorphous. Since the raw material of synthetic quartz is gas or liquid, it can be easily purified, and synthetic quartz powder can have a higher purity than natural quartz powder.
- Synthetic quartz glass raw materials include gaseous raw materials such as carbon tetrachloride and liquid raw materials such as silicon alkoxide. In synthetic quartz powder glass, it is possible to make all impurities 0.1 ppm or less. In the glass obtained by melting synthetic quartz glass powder, when the light transmittance is measured, ultraviolet rays up to a wavelength of about 200 nm are well transmitted.
- this glass is considered to have characteristics close to those of synthetic quartz glass made from carbon tetrachloride, which is used for ultraviolet optical applications.
- a fluorescence spectrum obtained by excitation with ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 245 nm is measured, a fluorescence peak like a melted product of natural quartz powder is not observed.
- the glass material is natural quartz or synthetic quartz by measuring the concentration of impurities contained, the amount of silanol, the light transmittance, or the fluorescence spectrum obtained by excitation with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 245 nm. .
- the furnace pressure is 10 torr (1.3 kPa) or more, preferably 30 torr and 200 torr (4.0 to 4.0) in order to control the gas flow state on the surface of the silicon melt. 27 kPa), more preferably 30 torr and 70 torr (4.0 to 9.3 kPa).
- inert gas such as Ar
- the gas flow rate on the melt of inert gas such as Ar decreases, making it difficult to exhaust the reactant gas such as SiO evaporated from the melt, and the oxygen concentration in the crystal is reduced. Get higher. Further, the SiO is not exhausted, and dust is generated by agglomerating at a temperature of about 1100 ° C. or lower temperature above the melt in the furnace.
- the upper limit of the pressure in the furnace defined the above upper limit pressure.
- the atmospheric gas flow rate supplied to the CZ furnace is set to 100 to 200 liters / min or more, the pressure in the CZ furnace is set to 6700 pa or less, and the SiO evaporated from the melt surface is effective.
- the foreign matter floating on the surface of the melt is forced to the crucible wall to prevent the oxygen concentration in the crystal from increasing.
- the silicon wafer manufacturing method according to the first aspect of the present invention is a semiconductor device manufacturing process having a heat treatment step in which the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or higher, the silicon melting point or lower, and the temperature rising / falling rate is 150 ° C./sec or higher.
- Oi initial oxygen concentration
- An epitaxial step of growing an epitaxial layer on the surface of the substrate Before the epitaxial step, there is a precipitation melting heat treatment step in which the treatment temperature is in the range of 1150 ° C. to 1300 ° C., the holding time is in the range of 5 sec to 1 min, and the temperature drop rate is in the range of 10 ° C./sec to 0.1 ° C./sec.
- an epitaxial silicon wafer of the first aspect of the present invention even in a p + wafer or p ++ wafer having a high oxygen concentration at the time of pulling and a relatively large boron concentration having an effect of increasing oxygen precipitation. Further, it is possible to simultaneously prevent wafer deformation and slip.
- the treatment atmosphere is a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere containing no nitrogen, a mixed atmosphere of a non-oxidizing gas containing no nitrogen and 1% or more oxygen gas, and a non-oxidizing gas containing no nitrogen and 3% or more oxygen gas.
- a mixed atmosphere is used, and means for setting the temperature lowering rate in the range of 50 ° C./sec to 20 ° C./sec is employed.
- nitrogen which is a hole injection gas
- the oxygen concentration is relatively high among the above means, it is possible to simultaneously prevent wafer deformation and slip by setting a large temperature drop rate.
- the upper limit of oxygen gas content is 10%.
- the silicon epitaxial wafer according to the first aspect of the present invention is manufactured by any one of the above-described silicon epitaxial wafer manufacturing methods, the occurrence of deformation such as warpage of the wafer causing the overlay error shown in FIG. 5, it is possible to simultaneously prevent the occurrence of slip dislocation at the supported wafer edge portion.
- a method for producing a silicon wafer according to the second aspect of the present invention includes a semiconductor device having a heat treatment step in which the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or higher and the melting point of silicon or lower, and the heating / cooling rate is 150 ° C./sec or higher.
- a method of manufacturing a silicon wafer to be used in the manufacturing process of A silicon single crystal pulling step for growing a silicon single crystal straight body portion as a defect-free region in which no grown-in defects exist by the Czochralski method;
- a mirror processing process for mirror processing of the sliced wafer; Precipitates and dissolves wafers in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere that does not contain nitrogen at a processing temperature range of 950 ° C to 1200 ° C, a holding time range of 5 sec to 1 min, and a cooling rate of 10 ° C / sec to 0.1 ° C / sec.
- a step of heat treatment The said subject was solved by performing the said precipitation solution heat treatment process before or after a mirror surface treatment process.
- the second aspect of the present invention is provided for a semiconductor device manufacturing process having a heat treatment step in which the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or higher and the melting point of silicon or lower and the temperature rising / falling rate is 150 ° C./sec or higher.
- a silicon wafer manufacturing method comprising: A silicon single crystal pulling step for growing a silicon single crystal straight body by a Czochralski method so as to include a defect-free region having no grown-in defects and an OSF region; A mirror processing process for mirror processing of the sliced wafer; Precipitates and dissolves wafers in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere that does not contain nitrogen at a processing temperature range of 1225 ° C to 1350 ° C, a holding time range of 5 sec to 1 min, and a cooling rate of 10 ° C / sec to 0.1 ° C / sec.
- a step of heat treatment The said subject was solved by performing the said precipitation solution heat treatment process before or after a mirror surface treatment process.
- the silicon wafer manufacturing method according to the second aspect of the present invention is a semiconductor device manufacturing process having a heat treatment step in which the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or higher, the silicon melting point or lower, and the heating / cooling rate is 150 ° C./sec or higher.
- a method of manufacturing a silicon wafer provided, A silicon single crystal pulling step for growing the silicon single crystal straight body portion as a defect-free region in which no grown-in defects exist by the Czochralski method; A mirror processing process for mirror processing of the sliced wafer; Precipitates and dissolves wafers in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere that does not contain nitrogen at a processing temperature range of 950 ° C to 1200 ° C, a holding time range of 5 sec to 1 min, and a cooling rate of 10 ° C / sec to 0.1 ° C / sec.
- a step of heat treatment, The precipitation dissolution heat treatment step is performed before or after the mirror surface treatment step.
- the conditions are stricter than those of the conventional RTA treatment, the maximum temperature range is from 1050 ° C. to the silicon melting point, the heating / cooling rate is from 150 ° C./sec to 10000 ° C./sec, 500 ° C./sec to 3000 ° C./sec, Even when it is subjected to a rapid heating / cooling heat treatment in a device manufacturing process under extremely severe conditions where the maximum stress generated in a silicon wafer exceeds 20 MPa at 1000 ° C. to 2000 ° C./sec, deformation of the wafer can be prevented. At the same time, it is possible to provide a silicon wafer capable of preventing slip extension caused by boat damage and transport damage that causes a reduction in wafer strength.
- the inventors of the present invention have found a condition to be set when growing by the Czochralski method as a measure for simultaneously enabling prevention of wafer deformation and slip in the silicon wafer manufacturing process.
- the silicon single crystal when the silicon single crystal is grown by the Czochralski method, the silicon single crystal is grown at a pulling speed at which the grown-in defect-free silicon single crystal can be pulled up.
- “Grown-in defect free” means that all defects that may occur with crystal growth such as COP defects and dislocation clusters are eliminated.
- the OSF area can be excluded, which means a Pv area and a Pi area.
- the OSF region can be realized by the following method. First, the wafer is heated from 900 ° C. to 1000 ° C. in a dry oxygen atmosphere at a heating rate of 5 ° C./min, and then held at 1000 ° C. for 1 hour in a dry oxygen atmosphere. Thereafter, the wafer is heated from 1000 ° C. to 1150 ° C. at a heating rate of 3 ° C./min in a wet oxygen atmosphere, and then held at 1150 ° C. for 2 hours in a wet oxygen atmosphere. Then, after further performing a heat treatment to lower the temperature to 900 ° C., a 2 ⁇ m light etching is performed to reveal the OSF region.
- the OSF region means a region where the OSF density is 10 / cm 2 or more when the OSF density distribution in the wafer surface is measured.
- the OSF region can be excluded, as described above, when the OSF region is revealed and the distribution of the OSF density in the wafer surface is measured, if the OSF density does not exist at 10 / cm 2 , the OSF region Does not exist, that is, the OSF area can be excluded.
- a region where interstitial silicon type point defects exist predominantly in the ingot is defined as an I region, and vacancy type point defects exist predominantly.
- the region is defined as a V region, and a region in which no agglomerates of interstitial silicon type point defects and vacant type point defect aggregates exist is defined as a P region.
- a region that is adjacent to the I region and belongs to the P region and capable of forming an interstitial dislocation is less than the lowest interstitial silicon concentration is defined as a Pi region.
- a region adjacent to the OSF region and belonging to the P region and having a vacancy concentration or less that can form a COP is defined as a Pv region.
- a silicon wafer is produced by pulling up an ingot from a silicon melt in a pulling furnace by a CZ method with a predetermined pulling speed profile based on Boronkov's theory, and then cutting out the ingot.
- point defects and agglomerates agglomerates: three-dimensional defects
- a vacancy is one in which one silicon atom leaves one of its normal positions in the silicon crystal lattice.
- a defect caused by such a hole is a hole-type point defect.
- silicon atoms present at positions (interstitial sites) other than the lattice points of the silicon crystal are interstitial silicon. Such defects caused by interstitial silicon are interstitial silicon point defects.
- Point defects are generally formed at the contact surface between a silicon melt (molten silicon) and an ingot (solid silicon). However, by continuously pulling up the ingot, the portion that was the contact surface begins to cool as it is pulled up. During cooling, the vacancies or interstitial silicon diffuse and form dislocation clusters that are COP or interstitial agglomerates that are vacancy agglomerates. In other words, the aggregate is a three-dimensional structure generated due to the merge of point defects.
- the agglomerates of vacancy point defects include defects called LSTD (Laser Scattering Tomograph Defects) or FPD (Flow Pattern Defects) in addition to the above-mentioned COP.
- Agglomerates of interstitial silicon type point defects include the defects called LD described above.
- LSTD is a source that generates scattered light having a refractive index different from that of silicon when an infrared ray is irradiated into a silicon single crystal.
- the pulling rate of the ingot is V (mm / min)
- the temperature gradient in the vertical direction of the ingot near the interface between the ingot and the silicon melt is G (° C. / Mm)
- V / G mm 2 / min ⁇ ° C.
- the above-described V region, OSF region, Pv region, Pi region, and I region are formed in order in the ingot.
- V / G serving as the boundary between such regions is the threshold that serves as the boundary between the V region and the OSF region, the threshold that serves as the boundary between the OSF region and the Pv region, and the Pv region and Pi region.
- the threshold value decreases in the order of the threshold value that becomes the boundary and the threshold value that becomes the boundary between the Pi region and the I region.
- the value of V / G varies depending on the actual machine, such as the structure of the hot zone in the upper part of the pulling furnace, but is determined by measuring the COP density, OSF density, BMD density, LSTD density or FPD, light etching defect density, etc. Is possible.
- a “light etching defect” is a defect detected by the following method. First, an As-grown silicon single crystal wafer is immersed in an aqueous copper sulfate solution and then air-dried, followed by Cu decoration in a nitrogen atmosphere with heat treatment at 900 ° C. for about 20 minutes. Thereafter, in order to remove the Cu silicide layer on the specimen surface layer, the specimen is immersed in a HF / HNO 3 mixed solution, and the surface layer is etched and removed by about several tens of microns. Thereafter, the wafer surface is subjected to 2 ⁇ m light etching (chromic acid etching), and light etching defects are detected using an optical microscope.
- 2 ⁇ m light etching chromic acid etching
- the dislocation clusters formed at the time of crystal growth can be revealed by Cu decoration, and the dislocation clusters can be detected with high sensitivity. That is, the light etching defect includes a dislocation cluster.
- the “LPD density” is a density of defects of 0.1 ⁇ m size or more detected using a laser light scattering particle counter (SP1 (surfscan SP1): manufactured by KLA-Tencor).
- a silicon single crystal grown by the following method is used. That is, when a silicon single crystal is grown by the Czochralski method, a hydrogen atom-containing substance having a gas-converted partial pressure in the range of 40 Pa or more and 400 Pa or less is introduced into the atmosphere gas in the CZ furnace, and the silicon single crystal is pulled up. The speed is grown so that the grown-in defect-free silicon single crystal can be pulled up. In addition, it can also be set as the atmosphere only of the inert gas which does not contain hydrogen gas.
- a hydrogen-containing substance is a substance that contains hydrogen atoms in its molecule, and is a gaseous substance that generates hydrogen gas by being thermally decomposed when dissolved in a silicon melt.
- This hydrogen-containing substance includes hydrogen gas itself.
- the hydrogen-containing substance include inorganic compounds containing hydrogen atoms such as hydrogen gas, H 2 O, and HCl, hydrocarbon atoms such as silane gas, CH 4 , and C 2 H 2, and hydrogen atoms such as alcohol and carboxylic acid.
- the organic compound include, but it is particularly preferable to use hydrogen gas.
- inexpensive Ar gas is preferable, and various rare gases such as He, Ne, Kr, and Xe alone or a mixed gas thereof can be used.
- the concentration of the hydrogen-containing substance in the hydrogen-containing atmosphere is in the range of 40 Pa to 400 Pa in terms of hydrogen gas partial pressure.
- the hydrogen gas equivalent partial pressure is because the amount of hydrogen atoms obtained by thermal decomposition of the hydrogen-containing material depends on the number of hydrogen atoms originally contained in the hydrogen-containing material. .
- 1 mole of H 2 O contains 1 mole of H 2
- 1 mole of HCl contains only 0.5 mole of H 2 . Therefore, in the present invention, a hydrogen-containing substance is used so that an atmosphere equivalent to this reference atmosphere can be obtained on the basis of a hydrogen-containing atmosphere in which hydrogen gas is introduced into an inert gas at a partial pressure of 40 to 400 Pa. It is desirable to determine the concentration of.
- a preferable pressure of the hydrogen-containing substance at this time is defined as a hydrogen gas equivalent partial pressure.
- the hydrogen gas equivalent partial pressure in the atmosphere after conversion is 40 to 400 Pa. What is necessary is just to adjust the addition amount of a hydrogen-containing substance so that it may become this range.
- a grown-in defect-free silicon single crystal is introduced by introducing a hydrogen atom-containing substance having a hydrogen gas equivalent partial pressure in the range of 40 Pa to 400 Pa. Can widen the allowable range of the speed at which can be pulled up. In other words, the pulling speed margin can be increased, whereby a wafer composed of Pv and Pi regions from which COP defects and dislocation clusters are eliminated in the entire crystal diameter direction can be easily manufactured.
- the Pv region does not exist in a region within 20 mm in the radial direction from the outer peripheral portion of the wafer toward the center of the wafer, and the other region is pulled up so as to be a Pi region.
- V / G in a pulling atmosphere not containing hydrogen is preferably in the range of 0.22 to 0.15 (mm 2 ) / (° C./min).
- a silicon wafer for use in a semiconductor device manufacturing process having a heat treatment step in which a maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or higher, a silicon melting point or lower and a temperature rising / falling rate is 150 ° C./sec or higher.
- a manufacturing method comprising: A silicon single crystal pulling step for growing a silicon single crystal straight body portion by Czochralski method so as to include a defect-free region in which no grown-in defect exists and an OSF region; A mirror processing process for mirror processing of the sliced wafer; Precipitation performed in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere containing no nitrogen at a processing temperature range of 1225 ° C to 1350 ° C, a holding time range of 5 sec to 1 min, and a temperature drop rate of 10 ° C / sec to 0.1 ° C / sec.
- a melting heat treatment step The precipitation dissolution heat treatment step is performed before or after the mirror surface treatment step.
- the precipitation solution heat treatment step by setting the temperature condition to be higher than that in the state not including OSF, it is possible to simultaneously prevent wafer deformation and slip.
- a mixed atmosphere of non-oxidizing gas not containing nitrogen and 3% or more oxygen gas is used as a processing atmosphere, thereby preventing wafer deformation and slipping. And simultaneously.
- the initial oxygen concentration Oi is 12.0 ⁇ 10 17 to 20 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 (Old-ASTM) in the pulling step.
- Old-ASTM 12.0 ⁇ 10 17 to 20 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3
- the silicon wafer according to the second aspect of the present invention is manufactured by any one of the above-described silicon wafer manufacturing methods. Therefore, a wafer capable of simultaneously preventing the occurrence of deformation such as warpage of the wafer causing the overlay error shown in FIG. 6 and the occurrence of slip dislocation at the supported wafer edge as shown in FIG.
- a method for producing a silicon wafer according to the third aspect of the present invention includes a heat treatment step in which the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or higher and the melting point of silicon or lower, and the heating / cooling rate is 150 ° C./sec or higher.
- a method of manufacturing a silicon wafer to be used in the manufacturing process of A silicon single crystal pulling step for growing a silicon single crystal straight body portion as a region where a void defect exists by the Czochralski method, Precipitates and dissolves wafers in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere that does not contain nitrogen at a processing temperature range of 950 ° C to 1200 ° C, a holding time range of 5 sec to 1 min, and a cooling rate of 10 ° C / sec to 0.1 ° C / sec.
- the third aspect of the present invention is provided for a semiconductor device manufacturing process having a heat treatment step in which the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or higher, the melting point of silicon or lower, and the temperature rising / falling rate is 150 ° C./sec or higher.
- a silicon wafer manufacturing method comprising: A silicon single crystal pulling step for growing a silicon single crystal straight body portion as a region in which a nitrogen defect is doped with nitrogen by 1 ⁇ 10 13 to 5 ⁇ 10 14 atoms / cm 3 by a Czochralski method, Precipitates and dissolves wafers in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere that does not contain nitrogen at a processing temperature range of 1225 ° C to 1350 ° C, a holding time range of 5 sec to 1 min, and a cooling rate of 10 ° C / sec to 0.1 ° C / sec.
- a heat treatment step After the precipitation-melting heat treatment process, the sliced wafer is subjected to high-temperature annealing at 1100 ° C.
- the silicon wafer according to the third aspect of the present invention is manufactured by the method for manufacturing a silicon wafer according to any one of [C1] to [C4].
- the silicon wafer described in [C5] has an oxygen precipitate density of 1 ⁇ 10 4 pieces / cm 2 or less after heat treatment at 1000 ° C. for 16 hours.
- the silicon wafer manufacturing method of the third aspect of the present invention is a semiconductor device manufacturing process having a heat treatment step in which the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or higher, the silicon melting point or lower, and the heating / cooling rate is 150 ° C./sec or higher.
- a method of manufacturing a silicon wafer provided, A silicon single crystal pulling step for growing a silicon single crystal straight body portion as a region where a void defect exists by the Czochralski method; Precipitates and dissolves wafers in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere that does not contain nitrogen at a processing temperature range of 950 ° C to 1200 ° C, a holding time range of 5 sec to 1 min, and a cooling rate of 10 ° C / sec to 0.1 ° C / sec.
- a heat treatment step After the precipitation-melting heat treatment process, the sliced wafer is subjected to high-temperature annealing at 1100 ° C.
- the treatment temperature is in the range of 950 ° C. to 1200 ° C.
- the holding time is in the range of 5 sec to 1 min
- the temperature drop rate is 10 ° C./sec to 0.1 ° C./sec.
- a so-called annealed wafer that is formed of a V region having a void defect that is pulled up at a high pulling speed and that is extremely susceptible to BMD can dissolve oxygen precipitation nuclei that cause deformation by a precipitation melting heat treatment step. Therefore, the conditions are stricter than those of the conventional RTA process, and deformation can be prevented even when the annealed wafer is subjected to a rapid heating / cooling heat treatment in a device manufacturing process in which the maximum stress generated in the silicon wafer exceeds 20 MPa. At the same time, it is possible to prevent slip extension caused by boat scratches and conveyance scratches that cause a decrease in wafer strength.
- the inventors of the present invention have found conditions to be set when growing by the Czochralski method as a measure for simultaneously enabling such wafer deformation prevention and slip prevention in the silicon wafer manufacturing process. .
- the silicon wafer according to the third aspect of the present invention is grown by high-speed pulling that can pull up a silicon single crystal having a void defect when the silicon single crystal is grown by the Czochralski method.
- having a void defect means that it has at least a V region that is not grown-in defect-free but has defects that may occur with crystal growth such as COP defects. That is, it means that it has a COP generation region, and if it has this V region, it means that it may have an OSF region, a Pv region, and a Pi region.
- the wafer containing COP according to the third aspect of the present invention is a wafer having a number of Light Point Defects (LPD) of 0.09 ⁇ m or more of 100 / wf or more.
- LPD Light Point Defects
- V / G is preferably 0.22 or more.
- the wafer subjected to the DZ treatment in the third aspect of the present invention has a LPD density of 0.09 ⁇ m or more when measured with a laser light scattering particle counter (SP1 (surfscan SP1): manufactured by KLA-Tencor).
- SP1 laser light scattering particle counter
- a wafer having a size LPD number of 100 / wf or more is employed.
- a wafer containing such a COP is one that is sliced from an ingot pulled up by doping with nitrogen and has a COP having the above-mentioned wafer in-plane density (number of wafers / wafer area). is there. That is, a wafer including a void defect on the entire surface and a wafer partially including an OSF-ring are targeted.
- the OSF-ring region tends to expand to the void region, but may include the OSF region, the Pv region, and the like.
- a silicon wafer for use in a semiconductor device manufacturing process having a heat treatment step in which the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or higher, the silicon melting point or lower, and the heating / cooling rate is 150 ° C./sec or higher.
- a manufacturing method comprising: A silicon single crystal pulling step for growing a silicon single crystal straight body portion as a region in which a nitrogen defect is doped with nitrogen by 1 ⁇ 10 13 to 5 ⁇ 10 14 atoms / cm 3 by a Czochralski method, Precipitates and dissolves wafers in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere that does not contain nitrogen at a processing temperature range of 1225 ° C to 1350 ° C, a holding time range of 5 sec to 1 min, and a cooling rate of 10 ° C / sec to 0.1 ° C / sec.
- a heat treatment step After the precipitation-melting heat treatment process, the sliced wafer is subjected to high-temperature annealing at 1100 ° C.
- the wafer deformation is prevented and the slip is prevented. And simultaneously.
- the initial oxygen concentration Oi is 12.0 ⁇ 10 17 to 18 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 (Old-ASTM) in the pulling step.
- the silicon wafer according to the third aspect of the present invention is manufactured by any one of the above-described methods for manufacturing a silicon wafer, and after heat treatment at 1000 ° C. for 16 hours, the oxygen precipitate density is 1 ⁇ 10 4 pieces / cm 3. 2 or less. According to this silicon wafer, it is possible to simultaneously prevent the occurrence of deformation such as warpage of the wafer causing the overlay error shown in FIG. 6 and the occurrence of slip dislocation at the supported wafer edge as shown in FIG. .
- the silicon wafer manufacturing method includes a heat treatment step in which the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or higher, the melting point of silicon or lower, and the temperature rising / falling rate is 150 ° C./sec or higher.
- a Pv region that is a defect-free dominant region distributed concentrically in the outer periphery of the wafer sliced from the silicon single crystal exists in a region within 20 mm in the radial direction from the wafer outer periphery toward the wafer center. Without The other region is pulled up so as to be a Pi region which is a defect-free region dominant in interstitial silicon.
- the entire surface of the wafer is pulled up to be a Pi region which is a defect-free region in which the interstitial silicon is dominant.
- the interstitial silicon dominant defect-free region is Pi.
- the pulling conditions may be set so that the density of oxygen precipitates in the region is 1 ⁇ 10 14 pieces / cm 2 or less.
- the initial oxygen concentration Oi is 12.0 ⁇ 10 17 to 14 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 ( (Old-ASTM).
- the silicon wafer of the present invention is manufactured by the method for manufacturing a silicon wafer according to any one of [D1] to [D3].
- the silicon wafer manufacturing method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is a semiconductor device manufacturing process having a heat treatment step in which the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or higher, the silicon melting point or lower, and the heating / cooling rate is 150 ° C./sec or higher.
- a method of manufacturing a silicon wafer provided, A pulling process for growing a silicon single crystal by the Czochralski method; A mirror processing step of mirror processing the sliced wafer, In the pulling step, the silicon single crystal straight body is grown as a defect-free region in which no grown-in defects exist, There is no Pv region, which is a hole-dominant defect-free region concentrically distributed in the outer periphery of the wafer sliced from the silicon single crystal, in a region within 20 mm in the radial direction from the wafer outer periphery toward the wafer center. , The other region is pulled up so as to be a Pi region which is a defect-free region dominant in interstitial silicon.
- slip extension on the outer periphery can be suppressed by eliminating the Pv region. Furthermore, since it is formed of a defect-free region, no precipitate formation occurs during the device process at the outer periphery of the wafer. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture a wafer having excellent slip resistance without performing precipitation dissolution heat treatment that dissolves oxygen precipitation nuclei that cause deformation. As a result, the conditions are stricter than those of the conventional RTA treatment, the maximum temperature is in the range of 1050 ° C.
- the heating / cooling rate is 150 ° C./sec to 10,000 ° C./sec, 500 ° C./sec to 3000 ° C./sec, 1000
- Deformation can be prevented even when the wafer is subjected to a rapid heating / cooling heat treatment in a device manufacturing process, which is extremely severe such that the maximum stress generated in a silicon wafer exceeds 20 MPa at a temperature of °C / sec to 2,000 ° C / sec.
- the inventors of the present invention have found conditions to be set when growing by the Czochralski method as a measure for simultaneously enabling such wafer deformation prevention and slip prevention in the silicon wafer manufacturing process. .
- the silicon single crystal used for the silicon wafer according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is grown at a pulling speed capable of pulling a grown-in defect-free silicon single crystal when grown by the Czochralski method.
- “Grown-in defect-free” means that all defects that may occur with crystal growth such as COP defects and dislocation clusters are eliminated, the OSF region can be eliminated, the Pv region, Pi Means an area.
- the hydrogen gas equivalent partial pressure in the atmospheric gas in the CZ furnace is in the range of 40 Pa to 400 Pa.
- a hydrogen atom-containing substance was introduced, and the silicon single crystal was grown at a speed capable of pulling up the grown-in defect-free silicon single crystal.
- it can also be set as the atmosphere only of the inert gas which does not contain hydrogen gas.
- the hydrogen-containing substance is a substance that contains hydrogen atoms in its molecule, like the hydrogen-containing substance described in the second aspect, and is thermally decomposed when dissolved in the silicon melt. It is a gaseous substance to be generated.
- a grown-in defect-free silicon single crystal can be pulled by introducing a hydrogen atom-containing material having a hydrogen gas equivalent partial pressure in the range of 40 Pa to 400 Pa.
- the allowable range of speed can be increased.
- the pulling speed margin can be increased, whereby a wafer composed of Pv and Pi regions from which COP defects and dislocation clusters are eliminated in the entire crystal diameter direction can be easily manufactured.
- the Pv region does not exist in a region within 20 mm in the radial direction from the outer peripheral portion of the wafer toward the center of the wafer, and the other region is pulled up so as to be a Pi region.
- V / G in a pulling atmosphere not containing hydrogen is preferably in the range of 0.20 to 0.15 (mm 2 ) / (° C./min).
- the entire surface of the wafer is pulled up to be a Pi region which is a defect-free region dominant in interstitial silicon.
- oxygen precipitates are prevented from being formed at the outer peripheral portion, deformation due to precipitates on the entire wafer surface is prevented, and slip generation is further prevented. Wafers can be manufactured.
- the oxygen precipitate density is 1 ⁇ 10 14 in the Pi region, which is a defect-free region dominant for interstitial silicon.
- the pulling conditions are set so as to be less than pieces / cm 2 . According to the wafer manufacturing method of the fourth aspect as described above, it is possible to simultaneously prevent occurrence of wafer deformation and occurrence of slip.
- the initial oxygen concentration Oi is 12.0 ⁇ 10 17 to 14 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 (Old-ASTM) in the pulling step. It is good to set. According to the wafer manufacturing method of the fourth aspect as described above, even when the wafer is set to a high oxygen concentration by the setting at the time of pulling up, it is possible to simultaneously prevent occurrence of wafer deformation and occurrence of slip.
- the silicon wafer according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is manufactured by any one of the above-described silicon wafer manufacturing methods.
- Such a wafer of the fourth aspect simultaneously causes the occurrence of deformation such as warpage of the wafer causing the overlay error shown in FIG. 6 and the occurrence of slip dislocation at the supported wafer edge portion as shown in FIG. It can be prevented.
- the deformation such as the warp of the wafer and the slip dislocation of the edge portion are the slip length.
- each of 0.5 to 2 mm is determined as ⁇ (A; Good), 2 to 5 mm as ⁇ (B; Acceptable), and 5 to 10 mm as ⁇ (C; Not Acceptable). .
- the conditions are severer than those of the conventional RTA process, and the maximum stress generated in the silicon wafer exceeds 20 MPa. Even when a wafer is subjected to a rapid heating / cooling heat treatment in a manufacturing process, it is possible to provide a silicon wafer or a silicon epitaxial wafer that can prevent the occurrence of wafer deformation by reducing the oxygen precipitation that is the cause. At the same time, it is possible to provide a silicon wafer that can prevent slip extension caused by boat damage or conveyance damage that causes a reduction in wafer strength.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a CZ furnace used when carrying out the method for producing a silicon wafer according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows the 3rd aspect of the manufacturing method of the silicon wafer which concerns on this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the 4th aspect of the manufacturing method of the silicon wafer which concerns on this invention.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a silicon epitaxial wafer and a manufacturing method thereof in the first embodiment.
- the method for manufacturing a silicon epitaxial wafer in the first aspect includes a manufacturing condition setting step S10, a wafer preparation step S111, a setting step S112 for setting the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step, and an epitaxial step S12. And precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S13.
- the manufactured silicon epitaxial wafer is subjected to a device manufacturing process S15 having a rapid heating / cooling heat treatment process S152.
- the conditions for pulling the silicon single crystal from the silicon melt by the CZ (Czochralski) method in the wafer preparation step S111 and the standard of the wafer used in the device manufacturing step S15 are set.
- the silicon wafer (substrate) oxygen concentration Oi, the boron concentration as the dopant concentration, and the nitrogen concentration as parameters to be controlled at the time of pulling are set as the operating conditions in the wafer preparation step S111.
- the wafer preparation step S111 is a step of preparing a silicon wafer for forming an epitaxial layer.
- the single crystal is pulled by the CZ method, the pulled silicon single crystal ingot is sliced to form a wafer, and surface treatment such as chamfering, grinding, polishing, and cleaning of the wafer is performed.
- a silicon wafer having a diameter of about 300 mm to about 450 mm can be applied.
- the setting step S112 shown in FIG. 1 is a step of setting the processing conditions in the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S13 in order to make it possible to suppress the occurrence of wafer deformation and slip in the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment step S152.
- the surface of the silicon wafer prepared in the wafer preparation step S111 is epitaxially grown through the epitaxial step S12.
- the obtained silicon epitaxial wafer is then subjected to a semiconductor device manufacturing step S15.
- the semiconductor device manufacturing step S15 includes a rapid heating / cooling heat treatment step S152 such as FLA.
- the stress generated in the wafer and the oxygen precipitation state required corresponding to the stress are set in a desired state in accordance with the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment step S152.
- the heat treatment to which the silicon wafer is provided is a rapid heating / cooling heat treatment process S152 in which the maximum temperature range is 1050 ° C. or more, the melting point of silicon is not more than 150 ° C./sec or more. .
- the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step is performed in the setting step S112 so that the pattern formed in the previous photolithography step S151 and the pattern formed in the subsequent photolithography step S153 do not cause an overlay error.
- the processing conditions in S13 are determined, and deformation and slip generation are suppressed in the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment step S152.
- the order including the processing order of the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S13 and the epitaxial step S12 is set at the same time. At this time, it is possible to select not to perform the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S13. That is, in the setting step S112, the conditions for the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S13 are determined in consideration of the conditions in the manufacturing condition setting step S10 and the conditions in the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment step S152.
- the following conditions can be selected as the conditions in the manufacturing condition setting step S10 and the setting step S112.
- the processing temperature is in the range of 1150 ° C. to 1300 ° C.
- the holding time is in the range of 5 sec to 1 min
- the cooling rate is in the range of 10 ° C./sec to 0.1 ° C./sec.
- the initial oxygen concentration Oi is preferably 15.0 ⁇ 10 17 to 20.0 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 .
- the treatment temperature is in the range of 1175 ° C. to 1250 ° C.
- the holding time is in the range of 10 sec to 30 sec
- the temperature drop rate is in the range of 8 ° C./sec to 0.5 ° C./sec.
- the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S13 is performed after the epitaxial step S12, the processing temperature is in the range of 1200 ° C. to 1300 ° C., the holding time is in the range of 5 sec to 1 min, and the cooling rate is 10 ° C./sec to 0.1 ° C. The range is / sec.
- the treatment temperature is in the range of 1225 ° C. to 1275 ° C.
- the holding time is in the range of 10 sec to 30 sec
- the temperature drop rate is in the range of 8 ° C./sec to 0.5 ° C./sec.
- the manufacturing condition setting step S10 boron is doped so that the resistance value is 0.02 ⁇ cm to 0.001 ⁇ cm, and the initial oxygen concentration Oi is 11.0 ⁇ 10 17 to 3 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 (Old ⁇ ASTM)).
- the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S13 is not performed. More preferably, the initial oxygen concentration Oi is 10 ⁇ 10 17 to 5 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 .
- the manufacturing condition setting step S10 boron is doped so that the resistance value is 0.02 ⁇ cm to 0.001 ⁇ cm, and the initial oxygen concentration Oi is 11.0 ⁇ 10 17 to 18 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 (Old ⁇ ASTM).
- the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S13 is performed before the epitaxial step S12, the processing temperature is in the range of 1150 ° C. to 1300 ° C., the holding time is in the range of 5 sec to 1 min, and the temperature drop rate is 10 ° C./sec to 0. The range is 1 ° C./sec.
- the initial oxygen concentration Oi is 12.0 ⁇ 10 17 to 16 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 .
- the treatment temperature is in the range of 1175 ° C. to 1275 ° C.
- the holding time is in the range of 10 sec to 45 sec
- the temperature drop rate is in the range of 8 ° C./sec to 0.5 ° C./sec.
- a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere containing no nitrogen may be used as the treatment atmosphere of the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S13.
- a mixed atmosphere of non-oxidizing gas not containing nitrogen and 1% or more oxygen gas may be used as the treatment atmosphere of the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S13.
- a mixed atmosphere of non-oxidizing gas not containing nitrogen and 3% or more oxygen gas may be used as the treatment atmosphere of the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S13, and the temperature lowering rate may be in the range of 50 ° C./sec to 20 ° C./sec. .
- the oxygen gas in each mixed atmosphere is preferably 10% or less, and more preferably 5% or less.
- an epitaxial layer is formed on the wafer surface and can be, for example, p / p-type.
- the boron (B) concentration is a concentration corresponding to a resistivity of 0.1 to 100 ⁇ cm
- the p type is a concentration corresponding to a resistivity of 0.1 to 100 ⁇ cm.
- the wafer W is placed in a horizontal state with its peripheral edge supported by a ring-shaped edge ring 11 made of SiC provided in the furnace.
- the source of precipitation nuclei inside the wafer W is obtained. Dissolve.
- the lamps 13 in the RTA processing apparatus 10 are provided inside the reflectors 14 that have been subjected to surface treatment such as gold plating.
- the upper dome 12 and the lower dome are connected by a wall portion 15 made of SUS (stainless steel), thereby forming a chamber (furnace).
- the device manufacturing process S15 shown in FIG. 1 a necessary process for forming a device having a 65 nm node or a 45 nm node on a silicon wafer is performed.
- the device manufacturing process S15 includes a rapid heating / cooling heat treatment process S152 such as Spike-RTA or FLA.
- the wafer 21 is held and fixed on the work stage 22 by vacuum suction as shown in FIG. Further, the photomask 23 is held and fixed to the mask holder 24 above the work stage 22. Thereafter, the work stage 22 is raised to bring the thin plate-like wafer 21 into close contact with the photomask 23, followed by exposure.
- a photoresist film (not shown) is formed on the surface of the wafer 21 in advance, and this photoresist film is exposed and a pattern of the photomask 23 is baked.
- the conditions in the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S13 are set in consideration of the conditions in the manufacturing condition setting step S10 and the conditions in the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment step S152. decide. Then, each process is performed according to the determined conditions. Therefore, precipitates having a density and size exceeding 5 ⁇ 10 4 pieces / cm 2 in which slip dislocations are generated inside the wafer are not formed on the silicon epitaxial wafer in the first aspect. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, even when the wafer 21 is held and fixed on the work stage 22 by vacuum suction, the maximum deviation shown in FIG. 7 due to such precipitates exceeds the allowable reference value of 10 nm. There is no end.
- slip dislocation can be prevented from occurring at the edge portion of the supported wafer W as shown in FIG. 8, and the strength of the wafer can be prevented from decreasing.
- the conditions can be set in the RTA apparatus 10 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the silicon wafer and the manufacturing method thereof in the present embodiment.
- the method for manufacturing a silicon wafer in the second aspect includes a manufacturing condition setting step S20, a wafer preparation step S211 including a pulling step, a polishing step S212, and a precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S23.
- the silicon wafer manufactured through the precipitation melting heat treatment step S23 is subjected to a device manufacturing step S25 having a rapid heating / cooling heat treatment step S252.
- the processing conditions in the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S23 are determined.
- the heat treatment for providing the silicon wafer is a rapid temperature raising and lowering heat treatment process S252 in which the maximum temperature range is 1100 ° C. or more and the melting point of silicon or less and the treatment time is about 1 ⁇ sec to 100 msec. It is. Before and after this rapid heating / cooling heat treatment step S252, the pattern formed in the previous photolithography step S251 and the pattern formed in the subsequent photolithography step S253 are not shifted to cause an overlay error. Conditions that can suppress the occurrence of deformation and slip are set in the manufacturing condition setting step S20.
- the ratio between the pulling speed V and the temperature gradient G from the solid-liquid interface which is a parameter to be controlled during pulling as the operating condition in the wafer preparation step S211, that is, the value of V / G, silicon wafer
- the oxygen concentration Oi of the (substrate), the dopant concentration, etc. are set.
- a single crystal is pulled up by a CZ method in a CZ furnace, the pulled silicon single crystal ingot is sliced to form a wafer, and further, surface treatment such as chamfering, grinding, and cleaning of the wafer is performed. . Thereafter, the silicon wafer is subjected to a polishing step S212 as a finishing process.
- a silicon wafer having a diameter of about 300 mm to about 450 mm can be applied.
- FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of a CZ furnace suitable for carrying out the method for manufacturing a silicon wafer in each embodiment of the present invention.
- the CZ furnace shown in FIG. 11 includes a crucible 1 disposed in the center of the chamber, a heater 2 disposed outside the crucible 1, and a magnetic field supply device 9 disposed outside the heater 2.
- the crucible 1 has a double structure in which a quartz crucible 1a containing a silicon melt 3 inside is held by an outer graphite crucible 1b, and is rotated and moved up and down by a support shaft 1c called a pedestal.
- a cylindrical heat shield 7 is provided above the crucible 1.
- the heat shield 7 has a structure in which an outer shell is made of graphite and the inside thereof is filled with graphite felt.
- the inner surface of the heat shield 7 is a tapered surface whose inner diameter gradually decreases from the upper end to the lower end.
- the upper outer surface of the heat shield 7 is a tapered surface corresponding to the inner surface, and the lower outer surface is formed in a substantially straight surface so as to gradually increase the thickness of the heat shield 7 downward.
- the silicon single crystal 6 can be formed by immersing the seed crystal T attached to the seed chuck 5 in the silicon melt 3 and pulling up the seed crystal T while rotating the crucible 1 and the pulling shaft 4.
- the heat shield 7 blocks the radiation heat from the heater 2 and the silicon melt 3 surface to the side surface of the silicon single crystal 6, surrounds the side surface of the growing silicon single crystal 6, and the silicon melt 3. It surrounds the surface.
- An example of the specification of the heat shield 7 is as follows.
- the radial width W is, for example, 50 mm
- the inclination ⁇ of the inner surface of the inverted truncated cone surface with respect to the vertical direction is, for example, 21 °
- the height H1 of the lower end of the heat shield 7 from the melt surface is, for example, 60 mm.
- the magnetic field supplied from the magnetic field supply device 9 may be a horizontal magnetic field or a cusp magnetic field.
- the horizontal magnetic field strength is 2000 to 4000 G (0.2 T to 0.4 T), more preferably.
- the height of the magnetic field center is set in the range of ⁇ 150 to +100 mm, more preferably ⁇ 75 to +50 mm with respect to the melt surface.
- the wafer preparation step S211 first, for example, 100 kg of a high-purity silicon polycrystal is charged into the crucible 1 of FIG. .
- the inside of the CZ furnace is made into a hydrogen-containing atmosphere composed of a mixed gas of a hydrogen-containing substance and an inert gas, the atmospheric pressure is set to 1.3 to 13.3 kPa (10 to 100 torr), and the hydrogen-containing substance in the atmosphere gas is The concentration is adjusted to be about 40 to 400 Pa in terms of hydrogen gas partial pressure.
- the hydrogen gas partial pressure may be 40 to 400 Pa.
- the concentration of hydrogen gas is in the range of 0.3% to 31%.
- it can also be set as the atmosphere only of the inert gas which does not contain hydrogen gas.
- the hydrogen gas equivalent partial pressure of the hydrogen-containing substance is less than 40 Pa, the allowable range of the pulling rate is reduced, and generation of COP defects and dislocation clusters cannot be suppressed. Further, the higher the hydrogen gas equivalent concentration (hydrogen concentration) of the hydrogen-containing substance, the greater the effect of suppressing dislocation generation. However, if the hydrogen gas equivalent partial pressure exceeds 400 Pa, the risk of explosion or the like increases when an oxygen leak occurs in the CZ furnace, which is not preferable for safety.
- the hydrogen gas equivalent partial pressure of the hydrogen-containing substance is more preferably in the range of 40 Pa to 250 Pa, and particularly preferably the hydrogen gas equivalent partial pressure is in the range of 40 Pa to 135 Pa.
- a horizontal magnetic field of, for example, 3000 G (0.3 T) is supplied and applied from the magnetic field supply device 9 so that the center height of the magnetic field is ⁇ 75 to +50 mm with respect to the melt surface, and the polycrystalline silicon is heated by the heater 2.
- the seed crystal T attached to the seed chuck 5 is immersed in the silicon melt 3, and the crystal is pulled up while rotating the crucible 1 and the pulling shaft 4.
- the growth rate of the single crystal is V (mm / min), and the ratio V / G (when the temperature gradient of 1350 ° C. from the melting point during single crystal growth is G (° C./mm).
- V is the speed at which the grown-in defect-free silicon single crystal can be pulled up to 0.65 to 0.42 to 0.33 mm /
- An example of such a condition is that the minute control is performed.
- Other conditions include a quartz crucible rotation speed of 5 to 0.2 rpm, a single crystal rotation speed of 20 to 10 rpm, an argon atmosphere pressure of 30 Torr, and a magnetic field strength of 3000 Gauss. .
- a quartz crucible rotation speed of 5 to 0.2 rpm a single crystal rotation speed of 20 to 10 rpm
- an argon atmosphere pressure 30 Torr
- a magnetic field strength 3000 Gauss.
- the other conditions are that the rotation speed of the quartz crucible is 0.2 rpm or less, the rotation speed of the single crystal is 5 rpm or less, the pressure of the argon atmosphere is 1333 to 26660 Pa, and the magnetic field strength is 3000 to 5000 Gauss. It can be illustrated.
- the rotation speed of the single crystal may be 15 rpm or more.
- the manufacturing condition setting step S20 boron is doped so that the resistance value is 0.001 ⁇ cm to 1 k ⁇ cm, and the initial oxygen concentration Oi is 12.0 ⁇ 10 17 to 20 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 (Old-ASTM).
- the conditions for manufacturing the silicon single crystal including the Pv region and the Pi region and including the OSF region are selected.
- the conditions of the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S23 are as follows: the treatment temperature is in the range of 950 ° C. to 1200 ° C., the holding time is in the range of 5 sec to 1 min, and the temperature drop rate is 10 ° C./sec to 0.1 ° C./sec.
- the initial oxygen concentration Oi is preferably 13 ⁇ 10 17 to 18 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 .
- the treatment temperature is in the range of 1000 ° C. to 1175 ° C.
- the holding time is in the range of 10 sec to 45 sec
- the temperature drop rate is in the range of 8 ° C./sec to 0.5 ° C./sec
- the oxygen gas concentration is 3. It may be 5 to 10%.
- the manufacturing condition setting step S20 boron is doped so that the resistance value is 0.001 ⁇ cm to 1 k ⁇ cm, and the initial oxygen concentration Oi is 12.0 ⁇ 10 17 to 20 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 (Old-ASTM).
- the conditions for manufacturing the silicon single crystal including the Pv region, the Pi region, and the OSF region are selected.
- the conditions of the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S23 are as follows: the processing temperature is in the range of 1225 ° C. to 1350 ° C., the holding time is in the range of 5 sec to 1 min, and the cooling rate is 10 ° C./sec to 0.1 ° C./sec.
- the initial oxygen concentration Oi is preferably 12.5 ⁇ 10 17 to 18 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 .
- the treatment temperature is in the range of 1250 ° C. to 1325 ° C.
- the holding time is in the range of 10 sec to 45 sec
- the temperature drop rate is in the range of 8 ° C./sec to 0.5 ° C./sec
- the oxygen gas concentration is 3. It may be 5 to 10%.
- the RTA processing apparatus 10 is the RTA processing apparatus 10 of FIG. 2 shown in the first mode.
- the device manufacturing process S25 shown in FIG. 10 a necessary process for making a device with a 45 nm node (hp65) into a silicon wafer is performed.
- the device manufacturing process S25 includes a rapid heating / cooling heat treatment process S252 such as Spike-RTA or FLA.
- the wafer 21 is held and fixed on the work stage 22 by vacuum suction, and the photomask 23 is a mask holder above the work stage 22. 24, the work stage 22 is raised and the thin wafer 21 is brought into close contact with the photomask 23, followed by exposure.
- a photoresist film (not shown) is formed on the surface of the wafer 21 in advance, and this photoresist film is exposed and a pattern of the photomask 23 is baked.
- the pulling conditions in the wafer preparation step S211 and the processing conditions in the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S23 are determined in consideration of the conditions in the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment step S252. Then, each process is performed according to the determined conditions. Therefore, precipitates having a density and size exceeding 5 ⁇ 10 4 pieces / cm 2 in which slip dislocations are generated inside the wafer are not formed on the silicon wafer in the second embodiment. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, even when the wafer 21 is held and fixed on the work stage 22 by vacuum suction, the maximum deviation shown in FIG. 7 due to such precipitates exceeds the allowable reference value of 10 nm. There is no end.
- slip dislocation can be prevented from occurring at the edge portion of the supported wafer W as shown in FIG. 8, and the strength of the wafer can also be prevented from decreasing.
- the conditions can be set in the RTA apparatus 10 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the silicon wafer and the manufacturing method thereof in the present embodiment.
- the method for manufacturing a silicon wafer in the present embodiment includes a manufacturing condition setting step S30, a wafer preparation step S311 including a pulling step, a precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S33, and a DZ treatment step S313.
- the silicon wafer manufactured through the precipitation melting heat treatment step S33 is subjected to a device manufacturing step S35 having a rapid heating / cooling heat treatment step S352.
- the conditions for pulling the silicon single crystal from the silicon melt by the CZ (Czochralski) method in the wafer preparation step S311 and the wafer standard used in the device manufacturing step S35 are set.
- Stress is generated in the wafer in accordance with the processing conditions of the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment step S352 such as FLA in the semiconductor device manufacturing step S35 which is a post-process for providing the wafer. In order to prevent the generation of this stress, there is an oxygen precipitation state required corresponding to the stress.
- the processing conditions in the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S33 are determined in order to set the oxygen precipitation state to a desired state.
- the heat treatment for providing the silicon wafer is a rapid temperature raising and lowering heat treatment process S352 in which the maximum temperature range is 1100 ° C. or higher and the melting point of silicon is lower and the processing time is about 1 ⁇ sec to 100 msec. It is. Before and after this rapid heating / cooling heat treatment step S352, in the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment step S352, the pattern formed in the previous photolithography step S351 and the pattern formed in the subsequent photolithography step S353 are not shifted to cause an overlay error.
- the operation condition in the wafer preparation step S311 is the ratio between the pulling speed V and the temperature gradient G from the solid-liquid interface, which is a parameter to be controlled during pulling, the value of V / G, that is, a silicon wafer.
- the oxygen concentration Oi of the (substrate), the dopant concentration, etc. are set.
- a single crystal is pulled up by a CZ method in a CZ furnace, a silicon single crystal ingot pulled up is sliced to form a wafer, and further, surface treatment such as chamfering, grinding, polishing and cleaning of the wafer is performed.
- surface treatment such as chamfering, grinding, polishing and cleaning of the wafer is performed.
- a silicon wafer having a diameter of about 300 mm to about 450 mm can be applied.
- the CZ furnace of FIG. 11 shown in the second embodiment is used.
- the wafer preparation step S311 first, for example, 100 kg of high-purity silicon polycrystal is charged into the crucible 1 of FIG. 11, and a necessary dopant is added to adjust the dopant concentration in the silicon single crystal. .
- the inside of the CZ furnace is set to a predetermined atmosphere such as an inert gas and the pressure is adjusted.
- a horizontal magnetic field of, for example, 3000 G (0.3 T) is supplied and applied from the magnetic field supply device 9 so that the center height of the magnetic field is ⁇ 75 to +50 mm with respect to the melt surface, and the polycrystalline silicon is heated by the heater 2.
- the seed crystal T attached to the seed chuck 5 is immersed in the silicon melt 3, and the crystal is pulled up while rotating the crucible 1 and the pulling shaft 4.
- the growth rate of the single crystal is V (mm / min), and the ratio V / G (when the temperature gradient from the melting point during single crystal growth to 1350 ° C. is G (° C./mm).
- V is a V region where a void defect exists, which is a speed at which the silicon single crystal can be pulled up from 0.65 to 0.42 to 0.
- the condition of controlling to 33 mm / min can be exemplified.
- Other conditions include a quartz crucible rotation speed of 5 to 0.2 rpm, a single crystal rotation speed of 20 to 10 rpm, an argon atmosphere pressure of 30 Torr, and a magnetic field strength of 3000 Gauss. . Furthermore, conditions such as a magnetic field intensity of 3000 to 5000 Gauss can be exemplified. In addition, the rotation speed of the single crystal may be 15 rpm or more.
- the manufacturing condition setting step S30 shown in FIG. 12 is set as follows.
- the manufacturing condition setting step S30 as a condition in the pulling step, boron or the like is doped so that the resistance value is 0.001 ⁇ cm to 1 k ⁇ cm, and the initial oxygen concentration Oi is 12.0 ⁇ 10 17 to 18 ⁇ 10 17 atoms /
- the pulling speed is set so that a void defect exists in the range of cm 3 (Old-ASTM).
- a non-oxidizing atmosphere such as H 2 or Ar
- a treatment temperature range of 1150 ° C. to 1300 ° C. and a treatment time range of 30 min to 16 hours are set.
- the conditions in the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S33 are as follows: treatment temperature in the range of 950 ° C.
- the initial oxygen concentration Oi is preferably 12.5 ⁇ 10 17 to 17.0 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 .
- the treatment temperature of the DZ treatment step S313 is in the range of 1175 ° C. to 1275 ° C., and the treatment time is in the range of 40 min to 8 hours.
- the precipitation melting heat treatment step S33 has a treatment temperature in the range of 1000 ° C. to 1175 ° C., a holding time in the range of 10 sec to 45 sec, and a temperature drop rate in the range of 8 ° C./sec to 0.5 ° C./sec.
- the gas concentration is 1.5 to 10%.
- the manufacturing condition setting step S30 as a condition in the pulling step, boron is doped so that the resistance value is 0.001 ⁇ cm to 1 k ⁇ cm, and the initial oxygen concentration Oi is 12.0 ⁇ 10 17 to 18 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm. 3
- the range of (Old-ASTM) is set, and the pulling speed is set so that a void defect exists.
- a non-oxidizing atmosphere such as H 2 or Ar
- a treatment temperature range of 1150 ° C. to 1300 ° C. and a treatment time range of 30 min to 16 hours are set.
- the conditions in the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S33 are as follows: treatment temperature range of 1225 ° C.
- the treatment temperature of the DZ treatment step S313 is in the range of 1175 ° C. to 1275 ° C., and the treatment time is in the range of 40 min to 8 hours.
- the treatment temperature is in the range of 1250 ° C. to 1300 ° C.
- the holding time is in the range of 5 sec to 30 sec
- the cooling rate is in the range of 8 ° C./sec to 0.5 ° C./sec.
- the gas concentration is 1.5 to 10%.
- the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S33 shown in FIG. 12 is processed as a pre-process of the DZ treatment step S313 by the RTA processing apparatus 10 under the above conditions.
- the RTA processing apparatus 10 is the RTA processing apparatus 10 of FIG. 2 shown in the first mode.
- the DZ processing step S313 shown in FIG. 12 is performed by, for example, a vertical batch furnace.
- the wafer subjected to the dissolution treatment in the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S33 is subjected to a high-temperature annealing treatment at 1150 ° C. or more and 30 minutes or more in a non-oxidizing atmosphere such as H 2 or Ar.
- a non-oxidizing atmosphere such as H 2 or Ar.
- the silicon wafer after completion of the DZ treatment step S313 has a BMD (oxygen precipitate) density of 1 ⁇ 10 4 pieces / cm 2 or less when heat-treated at 1000 ° C. for 16 hours.
- BMD oxygen precipitate
- the device manufacturing process S35 shown in FIG. 12 a necessary process for forming a device with a 45 nm node (hp65) in a silicon wafer is performed.
- the device manufacturing process S35 includes a rapid heating / cooling heat treatment process S352 such as Spike-RTA or FLA.
- the wafer 21 is held and fixed on the work stage 22 by vacuum suction, as shown in FIG. 24, the work stage 22 is raised and the thin wafer 21 is brought into close contact with the photomask 23, followed by exposure.
- a photoresist film (not shown) is formed on the surface of the wafer 21 in advance, and this photoresist film is exposed and a pattern of the photomask 23 is baked.
- the conditions in the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment step S352 are taken into consideration, the pulling conditions in the wafer preparation step S311, the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S33, and the processing conditions in the DZ treatment step S313. To decide. Then, each process is performed according to the determined conditions. Therefore, precipitates having a density and size exceeding 5 ⁇ 10 4 pieces / cm 2 in which slip dislocation occurs inside the wafer are not formed on the silicon wafer in the third aspect. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, even when the wafer 21 is held and fixed on the work stage 22 by vacuum suction, the maximum deviation shown in FIG. 7 due to such precipitates exceeds the allowable reference value of 10 nm.
- slip dislocation can be prevented from occurring at the edge portion of the supported wafer W as shown in FIG. 8, and the strength of the wafer can be prevented from decreasing.
- the conditions can be set in the RTA apparatus 10 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the silicon wafer and the manufacturing method thereof in the present embodiment.
- the silicon wafer manufacturing method according to the fourth aspect includes a manufacturing condition setting step S40, a wafer preparation step S411, and a polishing step S412 as shown in FIG.
- the silicon wafer manufactured by the method of the fourth aspect is subjected to a device manufacturing process S45 having a rapid heating / cooling heat treatment process S452.
- the CZ furnace is used to pull up the single crystal by the CZ method, slice the pulled silicon single crystal ingot to form a wafer, and further perform surface treatment such as chamfering, grinding, and cleaning of the wafer. . Thereafter, the silicon wafer is provided to the polishing step S412 as a finishing process.
- a silicon wafer having a diameter of about 300 mm to about 450 mm can be applied.
- the CZ furnace of FIG. 11 shown in the second mode is used.
- the inside of the CZ furnace is made into a hydrogen-containing atmosphere composed of a mixed gas of a hydrogen-containing substance and an inert gas, the atmospheric pressure is set to 1.3 to 13.3 kPa (10 to 100 torr), and the hydrogen-containing substance in the atmosphere gas is The concentration is adjusted to be about 40 to 400 Pa in terms of hydrogen gas partial pressure.
- the hydrogen gas partial pressure may be 40 to 400 Pa.
- the concentration of hydrogen gas is in the range of 0.3% to 31%.
- it can also be set as the atmosphere only of the inert gas which does not contain hydrogen gas.
- the hydrogen gas equivalent partial pressure of the hydrogen-containing substance is less than 40 Pa, the allowable range of the pulling rate is reduced, and generation of COP defects and dislocation clusters cannot be suppressed. Further, the higher the hydrogen gas equivalent concentration (hydrogen concentration) of the hydrogen-containing substance, the greater the effect of suppressing dislocation generation. However, if the hydrogen gas equivalent partial pressure exceeds 400 Pa, the risk of explosion or the like increases when an oxygen leak occurs in the CZ furnace, which is not preferable for safety.
- the hydrogen gas equivalent partial pressure of the hydrogen-containing substance is more preferably in the range of 40 Pa to 250 Pa, and particularly preferably the hydrogen gas equivalent partial pressure is in the range of 40 Pa to 135 Pa.
- a horizontal magnetic field of, for example, 3000 G (0.3 T) is supplied and applied from the magnetic field supply device 9 so that the center height of the magnetic field is ⁇ 75 to +50 mm with respect to the melt surface, and the polycrystalline silicon is heated by the heater 2.
- the seed crystal T attached to the seed chuck 5 is immersed in the silicon melt 3, and the crystal is pulled up while rotating the crucible 1 and the pulling shaft 4.
- the growth rate of the single crystal is V (mm / min), and the ratio V / G (when the temperature gradient of 1350 ° C. from the melting point during single crystal growth is G (° C./mm).
- V is the speed at which the grown-in defect-free silicon single crystal can be pulled up to 0.65 to 0.42 to 0.33 mm /
- An example of such a condition is that the minute control is performed.
- Other conditions include a quartz crucible rotation speed of 5 to 0.2 rpm, a single crystal rotation speed of 20 to 10 rpm, an argon atmosphere pressure of 30 Torr, and a magnetic field strength of 3000 Gauss. .
- a quartz crucible rotation speed of 5 to 0.2 rpm a single crystal rotation speed of 20 to 10 rpm
- an argon atmosphere pressure 30 Torr
- a magnetic field strength 3000 Gauss.
- the other conditions are that the rotation speed of the quartz crucible is 0.2 rpm or less, the rotation speed of the single crystal is 5 rpm or less, the pressure of the argon atmosphere is 1333 to 26660 Pa, and the magnetic field strength is 3000 to 5000 Gauss. It can be illustrated.
- the rotation speed of the single crystal may be 15 rpm or more.
- the semiconductor device manufacturing process S45 is a post-process for providing the silicon wafer prepared in the wafer preparation process S411. Stress is generated in the wafer in accordance with the rapid heating / cooling heat treatment step S452 such as FLA in the semiconductor device manufacturing step S45. There is an oxygen precipitation state required corresponding to this stress. In the manufacturing condition setting step S40 shown in FIG. 13, the conditions of the wafer preparation step S411 are determined in order to set the oxygen precipitation state to a desired state.
- the heat treatment for providing the silicon wafer is a rapid heating / cooling heat treatment process S452 in which the maximum temperature range is 1100 ° C. or more and the melting point of silicon or less and the treatment time is about 1 ⁇ sec to 100 msec.
- the wafer preparation step S411 (of the CZ method) is performed so that a shift occurs between the pattern formed in the previous photolithography step S451 and the pattern formed in the subsequent photolithography step S453 and an overlay error does not occur.
- the conditions under which the occurrence of deformation and slip in the pulling conditions) can be suppressed are set in the manufacturing condition setting step S40.
- the following conditions can be selected as the conditions in the manufacturing condition setting step S40.
- the manufacturing condition setting step S40 boron is doped so that the resistance value is 0.001 ⁇ cm to 1 k ⁇ cm, and the initial oxygen concentration Oi is 12.0 ⁇ 10 17 to 14 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 (Old-ASTM). The range. At this time, the initial oxygen concentration Oi is preferably 12.3 ⁇ 10 17 to 13.8 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 .
- the device manufacturing process S45 shown in FIG. 13 necessary processing for making a device with a 45 nm node (hp65) into a silicon wafer is performed.
- the device manufacturing process S45 includes a rapid heating / cooling heat treatment process S452 such as Spike-RTA or FLA.
- the wafer 21 is held and fixed on the work stage 22 by vacuum suction, and the photomask 23 is a mask holder above the work stage 22. 24, the work stage 22 is raised and the thin wafer 21 is brought into close contact with the photomask 23, followed by exposure.
- a photoresist film (not shown) is formed on the surface of the wafer 21 in advance, and this photoresist film is exposed and a pattern of the photomask 23 is baked.
- the silicon wafer in the fourth embodiment is a wafer composed of a Pi region in which the oxygen precipitate density becomes 1 ⁇ 10 14 pieces / cm 2 or less after heat treatment at 800 ° C. for 4 hours + 1000 ° C. for 16 hours. That is, precipitates having a density and size exceeding 5 ⁇ 10 4 / cm 2 in which slip dislocation occurs in the wafer are not formed. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
- the conditions can be set in the RTA apparatus 10 shown in FIG.
- the RTA processing apparatus 10 is the RTA processing apparatus 10 of FIG. 2 shown in the first mode.
- the front surface Wu of the wafer is provided with a main surface W23 that is a flat surface and a surface chamfered portion W24 formed at the peripheral edge. It has been.
- the back surface Wr is provided with a main surface W27 that is a flat surface and a back surface side chamfered portion W28 formed at the peripheral edge.
- the width A1 of the front side chamfered portion W24 in the direction from the peripheral edge Wut toward the inner side in the wafer radial direction is larger than the width A2 in the direction from the peripheral edge Wrt of the rear surface side chamfered portion W28 toward the inner side in the radial direction of the wafer. It is narrowed.
- the width A1 of the surface chamfered portion W24 is preferably in the range of 50 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- the width A2 of the back side chamfer W28 is preferably in the range of 200 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m.
- the front side chamfered portion W24 has a first inclined surface W11 that is inclined with respect to the main surface W23 of the front surface Wu, and the back side chamfered portion W28 is a first inclined surface with respect to the main surface W27 of the back surface Wr.
- Two inclined surfaces W12 are provided.
- the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the first inclined surface W11 is preferably in the range of 10 ° to 50 °
- the inclination angle ⁇ 2 of the second inclined surface W12 is preferably in the range of 10 ° to 30 °
- ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ 2 is satisfied.
- a first curved surface W13 that connects them is provided on the outermost surface Wut between the first inclined surface W11 and the peripheral edge Wt.
- a second curved surface W14 that connects them is provided on the back outermost peripheral portion Wrt.
- the range of the radius of curvature R1 of the first curved surface W13 is preferably from 80 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m, and the range of the radius of curvature R2 of the second curved surface W14 is preferably from 100 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m.
- Boron concentration (resistivity), initial oxygen concentration, nitrogen concentration, etc. are set as shown in Tables 1 to 3, and then pulled from a 300 mm diameter silicon single crystal ingot by slicing and double-side polishing (DSP) (100) A wafer was prepared. On this silicon wafer, the conditions of the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S13 were set as shown in Tables 1 to 3, RTA treatment was performed, and an epitaxial film having a thickness of 4 ⁇ m was formed at an epitaxial step of 1150 ° C.
- the heat treatment in the device manufacturing process is simulated under the following conditions, the wafer is subjected to RTA heat treatment as a forced thermal stress test for deformation generation, and the presence or absence of slippage due to oxygen precipitates (BMD) is detected by X-ray topography confirmed.
- ⁇ Process simulation conditions in device manufacturing process > 1 step; 850 ° C. for 30 minutes 2 steps; 1000 ° C. for 30 minutes 3 steps; 1000 ° C. for 60 minutes 4 steps; ⁇ RTA furnace thermal stress load test conditions> The temperature increase / decrease rate from 700 ° C. was 150 ° C./sec, the maximum temperature was 1250 ° C., and the holding time was 1 sec.
- the notation of the result is the presence or absence of slip occurrence measured by X-ray topography or the slip length in the following range.
- the results of the RTA furnace thermal stress load test were evaluated as follows. ⁇ (A; Good): The occurrence of minute slip cannot be confirmed by X-ray topography. X (B; Not Acceptable): The occurrence of minute slip was confirmed in the wafer surface by X-ray topography. Since the RTA treatment is a short time, the slip length is fine and it is difficult to measure the Slip length. On the other hand, in the vertical furnace thermal stress load test, the Slip length extended from the boat trace was measured and evaluated as follows. ⁇ : Slip length 0.5-2mm (A: Good) ⁇ : Slip length 2-5mm (B; Acceptable) ⁇ : Slip length 5 to 10 mm (C; Not Acceptable)
- ⁇ 1e4 means a value below the real detection limit.
- sample A1 there is no formation of precipitates even in the case of Epi growth + precipitation treatment in order to keep oxygen precipitate nucleation at a low level even after epitaxial growth. Therefore, there is no slip caused by BMD. However, in the vertical furnace test, because the oxygen concentration is low, the slip caused by the boat grows, so it is NG.
- sample A2 the oxygen concentration was low, but the boron concentration was high, and precipitation nuclei were formed by the heat treatment after EPi. Slip generation due to boat is suppressed due to high boron concentration, but NG due to generation of Slip due to BMD.
- Sample A16 has no BMD and no boat slip because it is a high oxygen substrate. So OK.
- Sample A21 has no BMD and no boat slip because it is a high oxygen substrate. So OK.
- interstitial Si is injected by forming an oxide film during the RTA process, and vacancy is not frozen even when cooled at 10 ° C./sec or higher.
- interstitial Si is injected by forming an oxide film during the RTA process, and vacancy is not frozen even if cooled at 10 ° C./sec or higher.
- sample A24 an oxide film was formed, but the cooling rate was too fast, and the pores were frozen and BMD-derived slip was generated. Therefore NG.
- the BMD of the nitrogen-doped epitaxial wafer is stable at high temperatures, and therefore does not disappear at 1150 ° C. RTA. Therefore, NG.
- a (100) wafer was prepared by slicing and double-side polishing (DSP) from a silicon single crystal ingot with a diameter of 300 mm pulled up with a boron concentration (resistivity) of 10 ⁇ cm and an initial oxygen concentration as shown in Table 4. Further, the Pi and Pv region distribution at this time and the V / G value at that time are shown in the table.
- the silicon wafer was subjected to RTA treatment by setting the conditions of the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S23 as shown in Table 4 as RTA conditions.
- the RTA heat treatment as a forced thermal stress test for deformation generation was performed by simulating the heat treatment in the device manufacturing process as the following conditions, and the presence or absence of slip generation due to oxygen precipitates (BMD) was confirmed by X-ray topography. .
- the measurement of the BMD density was performed after light etching (etching allowance is 2 ⁇ m) after the above-described device simulation and after the revealing heat treatment at 1000 ° C. ⁇ 16 hr.
- the notation of the result is the presence or absence of slip occurrence measured by X-ray topography or the slip length in the following range.
- XX Slip length 10 to 15 mm (D; poor)
- the defect areas (Pv, Pi, etc.) shown in the table indicate the defect areas included in the wafer surface.
- the G value changes in the wafer radial direction and the V / G value changes in the surface.
- the value will have a range.
- the V / G values in the table are described as having a range.
- a nitride film is formed in an N2 atmosphere, and vacancies are injected to enhance precipitation. Therefore NG.
- a (100) wafer was sliced and double-side polished (DSP) from a 300 mm diameter silicon single crystal ingot consisting of a V region containing a void defect that was pulled up with the nitrogen concentration and initial oxygen concentration set as shown in Table 5.
- This silicon wafer was subjected to RTA treatment by setting the conditions of the precipitation dissolution heat treatment step S33 as shown in Table 5 as RTA conditions, and then subjected to annealing at 1000 ° C. for 16 hours in a vertical batch furnace as DZ treatment. I did it.
- the heat treatment in the device manufacturing process is simulated under the following conditions, the wafer is subjected to RTA heat treatment as a forced thermal stress test for deformation generation, and the presence or absence of slippage due to oxygen precipitates (BMD) is detected by X-ray topography confirmed.
- ⁇ Process simulation conditions in device manufacturing process > 1 step; 850 ° C. for 30 minutes 2 steps; 1000 ° C. for 30 minutes 3 steps; 1000 ° C. for 60 minutes 4 steps;
- the notation of the result is the presence or absence of slip occurrence measured by X-ray topography or the slip length in the following range.
- ⁇ Slip length 0.5-2mm (A: Good)
- ⁇ Slip length 2-5mm (B; Acceptable)
- ⁇ Slip length 5 to 10 mm (C; Not Acceptable)
- sample C1 BMD formation was suppressed during high-temperature annealing by applying a low-oxygen substrate, and no slip was caused by BMD in the RTA treatment after annealing. However, because it is a low oxygen substrate, slip occurred in the vertical furnace stress load test after annealing, so it was NG.
- sample C2 BMD is formed during high-temperature annealing treatment, and slip is generated during RTA treatment. Oxygen concentration is high and slip from vertical furnace boat scratches is suppressed. Therefore NG.
- Samples C4, C5, C6 and C7 are OK as well.
- sample C14 the oxygen precipitation nuclei formed during crystal growth were stable in the N-dope wafer, and the maximum temperature of the RTA treatment was low, so the oxygen precipitation nuclei did not disappear and BMD growth occurred during the annealing process. . Therefore NG.
- a (100) wafer was prepared by slicing and double-side polishing (DSP) from a 300 mm diameter silicon single crystal ingot pulled up with a boron concentration (resistivity) of 12 ⁇ cm and an initial oxygen concentration as shown in Table 6.
- the RTA heat treatment as a forced thermal stress test for deformation generation was performed by simulating the heat treatment in the device manufacturing process as the following conditions, and the presence or absence of slip generation due to oxygen precipitates (BMD) was confirmed by X-ray topography. .
- the results are shown in Table 6 as RTA furnace stress load test results (BMD-induced slip generation).
- the measurement of the BMD density was performed after light etching (etching allowance is 2 ⁇ m) after the above-described device simulation and after the revealing heat treatment at 1000 ° C. ⁇ 16 hr.
- the notation of the result is the presence or absence of slip occurrence measured by X-ray topography or the slip length in the following range.
- ⁇ Slip length 0.5-2mm (A: Good)
- ⁇ Slip length 2-5mm (B; Acceptable)
- ⁇ Slip length 5 to 10 mm (C; Not Acceptable)
- ⁇ 1e4 means below the actual detection limit.
- sample D1 in the RTA furnace, the thermal stress on the outer periphery is large, and SMD is generated due to BMD.
- the vertical furnace oxygen concentration is low, and slip is generated from boat scratches. Therefore NG.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2009年3月25日に、日本に出願された特願2009-074836号、特願2009-074837号及び特願2009-075001号、並びに2009年4月14日に、日本に出願された特願2009-098262号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
FLA熱処理に関する技術は以下の特許文献1及び2に開示されている。
しかし、酸素濃度の増大、ボロン濃度の増大は、同時に、上記酸素析出物の形成を促進する効果がある。したがって、酸素析出物の形成によるウェーハ変形・反りの発生を抑制しつつ、同時に、プロセス起因のSlip発生を抑制させることは困難であった。
FLA、LSAにおいては、図3においてMexで示す極浅接合領域の不純物濃度分布特性維持、接合リークの低減、ゲート・リークの抑制、ソース・ドレインの寄生抵抗の低減、ゲートの空乏化も抑制を実現可能な処理条件が選択される。
この結果、オーバーレイエラー(Overlay Error )、すなわち、デバイス製造における急速昇降温熱処理工程前後でおこなわれるフォトリソ工程でパターンの重ね合わせがずれてしまうという事態が生じる。
[A1] 本発明の第1の態様におけるシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法は、最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で、昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるエピタキシャルシリコンウェーハの製造方法であって、
抵抗値が0.02Ωcm~1kΩcmとなるようにボロンがドープされ、初期酸素濃度Oiが、14.0×1017~22×1017atoms/cm3 (Old-ASTM)とされた基板を用い、
前記基板の表面にエピタキシャル層を成長させるエピタキシャル工程と、
処理温度1150℃~1300℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程とを有し、
前記析出溶解熱処理工程を、エピタキシャル工程の前または後に行うことを特徴とする。
[A2] 本発明の第1の態様は、最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で、昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法であって、
窒素が1×1013~5×1014atoms/cm3 ドープされた基板を用い、
前記基板の表面にエピタキシャル層を成長させるエピタキシャル工程と、
該エピタキシャル工程後に、処理温度1200℃~1300℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程とを有する。
[A3] 本発明の第1の態様は、最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法であって、
抵抗値が0.02Ωcm~0.001Ωcmとなるようにボロンがドープされ、初期酸素濃度Oiが、11.0×1017~3×1017atoms/cm3 (Old-ASTM)とされた基板を用い、
前記基板の表面にエピタキシャル層を成長させるエピタキシャル工程を有する。
[A4] 本発明の第1の態様は、最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法であって、
抵抗値が0.02Ωcm~0.001Ωcmとなるようにボロンがドープされ、初期酸素濃度Oiが、11.0×1017~18×1017atoms/cm3 (Old-ASTM)とされた基板を用い
前記基板の表面にエピタキシャル層を成長するエピタキシャル工程と、
該エピタキシャル工程前に、処理温度1150℃~1300℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程とを有する。
[A5] 前記[A1]~[A4]のいずれかに記載の析出溶解熱処理工程において、処理雰囲気を窒素を含まない非酸化性ガス雰囲気とする手段を採用することもできる。
[A6] 前記[A1]~[A4]のいずれかに記載の析出溶解熱処理工程において、処理雰囲気を窒素を含まない非酸化性ガスと1%以上の酸素ガスの混合雰囲気とする手段を採用することもできる。
[A7] 前記[A1]~[A4]のいずれかに記載の析出溶解熱処理工程において、処理雰囲気を窒素を含まない非酸化性ガスと3%以上の酸素ガスの混合雰囲気とし、降温速度を50℃/sec~20℃/secの範囲とする手段を採用することもできる。
[A8] 本発明のシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハは、[A1]~[A7]のいずれかに記載のシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法により製造される。
本発明の第1の態様におけるシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法は、最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上シリコンの融点以下で昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上の条件である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるエピタキシャルシリコンウェーハの製造方法であって、
抵抗値が0.02Ωcm~1kΩcmとなるようにボロンがドープされ、初期酸素濃度Oiが、14.0×1017~22×1017atoms/cm3 (Old-ASTM)とされた基板を用い、
前記基板の表面にエピタキシャル層を成長するエピタキシャル工程と、
該エピタキシャル工程の前または後において、処理温度1150℃~1300℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程とを有する。
本発明の第1の態様のエピタキシャルシリコンウェーハの製造方法によれば、単結晶シリコン引き上げ時の設定で、高酸素濃度とし、かつ、スリップ伸長抑制効果を有するボロン濃度を比較的小さくしたp-ウェーハにおいて、析出溶解熱処理工程によって、ウェーハ変形原因となる酸素析出核を溶解することができる。従って、本発明の第1の態様の製造方法で得られたシリコンウェーハを、従来のRTA処理に比べて条件が厳しく、最高温度の範囲が1050℃~シリコン融点の範囲、昇降温レートが150℃/sec~10000℃/sec、500℃/sec~3000℃/sec、1000℃~2000℃/secとされ、シリコンウェーハで生じる最大応力が20MPaを超えるような極めて過酷な条件であるデバイス製造プロセスの急速昇降温熱処理に供した場合でも、ウェーハの変形が防止できる。同時に、本発明の第1の態様の製造方法によれば、ウェーハ強度低下の原因となるボート傷・搬送傷から発生するスリップ伸展をも防止可能なシリコンウェーハを提供可能とすることができる。
なお、本発明の第1の態様において、エピタキシャル工程における処理温度は、析出溶解熱処理工程における処理温度より低ければよく、一般的な条件(例えば1000℃以上且つ1100℃以下)とすることが可能である。また、降温速度とは、析出を溶解するために寄与の大きい少なくとも最高温度(例えば1050℃以上且つ1400℃以下の範囲)から700℃までの範囲における冷却速度を意味するものである。またエピタキシャル層におけるボロン等ドーパントの濃度は形成されるデバイスの規格によって設定されるが、本発明のスリップや変形に対する寄与は小さいため、どのようなドーパント濃度のエピタキシャル層適用可能である。
本発明の第1の態様は、最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法であって、
窒素が1×1013~5×1014atoms/cm3 ドープされた基板を用い、
前記基板の表面にエピタキシャル層を成長させるエピタキシャル工程と、
該エピタキシャル工程後に、処理温度1200℃~1300℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程とを有する。本発明の第1の態様のエピタキシャルシリコンウェーハの製造方法によれば、酸素析出物の形成しやすい窒素のドープされたp-ウェーハにおいても、ウェーハ変形発生防止とスリップ発生防止とを同時に可能とすることができる。
本発明の第1の態様は、最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法であって、
抵抗値が0.02Ωcm~0.001Ωcmとなるようにボロンがドープされ、初期酸素濃度Oiが、11.0×1017~3×1017atoms/cm3 (Old-ASTM)とされた基板を用い、
前記基板の表面にエピタキシャル層を成長するエピタキシャル工程を有する。本発明の第1の態様のエピタキシャルシリコンウェーハの製造方法によれば、引き上げ時の設定で低酸素濃度とされ、かつ、スリップ伸長抑制効果を有するボロン濃度が比較的大きいp+ウェーハまたはp++ウェーハにおいても、ウェーハ変形発生防止とスリップ発生防止とを同時に可能とすることができる。
R1:0.5以上0.7以下の場合、R2<7-5(R1-0.5)を満足し、
R1:0.7以上1以下の場合、R2<6を満足し、
R1:1以上2以下の場合、R2<6-4(R1-1)を満足する範囲に設定することができる。
この場合、単結晶中の格子間酸素濃度を4.0×1017atoms/cm3以下として低酸素濃度のシリコン単結晶を育成できる。
但しR1:0.3以上、0.5以下の場合、R2<7-5(R1-0.3)を満足し、
R1:0.5以上0.7以下の場合、R2<6を満足し、
R1:0.7以上1以下の場合、R2<6-3.4(R1-0.7)を満足する範囲に設定すればよい。
この場合、単結晶中の格子間酸素濃度が3.5×1017atoms/cm3以下として、低酸素濃度のシリコン単結晶を提供できる。
また、本発明では、磁場中心位置と結晶引き上げ時の融液表面位置の関係を好ましくは、-75mm~+50mm、より好ましくは、-20~+45mmとする。ここで磁場中心位置とは、水平磁場にあっては磁場発生コイルの中心が位置する高さ位置を意味する。-75mmとは、磁場中心位置が融液液面から下方75mmであることを意味している。+50mmとは、磁場中心位置が融液液面から上方50mmであることを意味している。
ここで、合成石英ルツボとは、少なくとも原料融液に当接する内表面が以下のような合成石英から形成されたものを意味する。
合成石英ガラス粉を溶融して得られたガラスでは、光透過率を測定すると、波長200nm程度までの紫外線を良く透過する。即ちこのガラスは、紫外線光学用途に用いられている四塩化炭素を原料とした合成石英ガラスに近い特性であると考えられる。
合成石英ガラス粉を溶融して得られたガラスでは、波長245nmの紫外線で励起して得られる蛍光スペクトルを測定すると、天然石英粉の溶融品のような蛍光ピークは見られない。
また、本発明の第1の態様では、CZ炉内に供給する雰囲気ガス流量を100~200リットル/min以上とし、CZ炉内の圧力を6700pa以下として、溶融液表面から蒸発するSiOを効果的に装置外に排出すると共に、溶融液表面を漂う異物もルツボ壁に追いやり、結晶中の酸素濃度が高くなることを防止することができる。
本発明の第1の態様のシリコンウェーハの製造方法は、最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法であって、
抵抗値が0.02Ωcm~0.001Ωcmとなるようにボロンがドープされ、初期酸素濃度Oiが、11.0×1017~18×1017atoms/cm3 (Old-ASTM)とされた基板を用い、
前記基板の表面にエピタキシャル層を成長させるエピタキシャル工程と、
該エピタキシャル工程前に、処理温度1150℃~1300℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲とされる析出溶解熱処理工程とを有する。本発明の第1の態様のエピタキシャルシリコンウェーハの製造方法によれば、引き上げ時の設定で高酸素濃度とされ、かつ、酸素析出増大効果を有するボロン濃度が比較的大きいp+ウェーハまたはp++ウェーハにおいても、ウェーハ変形発生防止とスリップ発生防止とを同時に可能とすることができる。
処理雰囲気を、窒素を含まない非酸化性ガス雰囲気、窒素を含まない非酸化性ガスと1%以上の酸素ガスの混合雰囲気、及び窒素を含まない非酸化性ガスと3%以上の酸素ガスの混合雰囲気の何れかとし、降温速度を50℃/sec~20℃/secの範囲とする手段を採用する。このように、空孔注入ガスである窒素を含まない雰囲気で処理することで、ウェーハ変形発生防止とスリップ発生防止とを同時に可能とすることができる。さらに、これに加えて上記の手段のなかでは比較的高い酸素濃度である場合には大きな降温速度とすることで、ウェーハ変形発生防止とスリップ発生防止とを同時に可能とすることができる。なお、混合雰囲気の場合、酸素ガスの含有上限値は10%とする。
[B1] 本発明の第2の態様におけるシリコンウェーハの製造方法は、最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で、昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンウェーハの製造方法であって、
チョクラルスキー法によりシリコン単結晶直胴部をGrown-in欠陥が存在しない無欠陥領域として育成する、シリコン単結晶引き上げ工程と、
スライスされたウェーハを鏡面加工する鏡面処理工程と、
窒素を含まない非酸化性ガス雰囲気下で、処理温度950℃~1200℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程とを有し、
前記析出溶解熱処理工程を、鏡面処理工程の前または後に行うことにより上記課題を解決した。
[B2] 本発明の第2の態様は、最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で、昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンウェーハの製造方法であって、
チョクラルスキー法によりシリコン単結晶直胴部をGrown-in欠陥が存在しない無欠陥領域およびOSF領域を含むようにして育成する、シリコン単結晶引き上げ工程と、
スライスされたウェーハを鏡面加工する鏡面処理工程と、
窒素を含まない非酸化性ガス雰囲気下で、処理温度1225℃~1350℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程とを有し、
前記析出溶解熱処理工程を、鏡面処理工程の前または後に行うことにより上記課題を解決した。
[B3] [B1]又は[B2]に記載の本発明の第2の態様のシリコンウェーハの製造方法では、前記析出溶解熱処理工程において、処理雰囲気として窒素を含まない非酸化性ガスと3%以上の酸素ガスの混合雰囲気を用いるとよい。
[B4] [B1]~[B3]の何れかに記載の本発明の第2の態様のシリコンウェーハの製造方法では、前記引き上げ工程において、初期酸素濃度Oiが、12.0×1017~20×1017atoms/cm3 (Old-ASTM)と設定できる。
[B5] 本発明の第2の態様のシリコンウェーハは、[B1]~[B4]の何れかに記載のシリコンウェーハの製造方法により製造される。
チョクラルスキー法によりシリコン単結晶直胴部をGrown-in欠陥が存在しない無欠陥領域として育成するシリコン単結晶引き上げ工程と、
スライスされたウェーハを鏡面加工する鏡面処理工程と、
窒素を含まない非酸化性ガス雰囲気下で、処理温度950℃~1200℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程とを有し、
前記析出溶解熱処理工程を、鏡面処理工程の前または後に行う。
本発明の第2の態様のシリコンウェーハの製造方法によれば、単結晶シリコン引き上げ時に、Grown-in欠陥フリーとして、さらに、析出溶解熱処理工程によって、変形原因となる酸素析出核を溶解する。従って、従来のRTA処理に比べて条件が厳しく、最高温度の範囲が1050℃~シリコン融点の範囲、昇降温レートが150℃/sec~10000℃/sec、500℃/sec~3000℃/sec、1000℃~2000℃/secとされ、シリコンウェーハで生じる最大応力が20MPaを超えるような極めて過酷な条件であるデバイス製造プロセスの急速昇降温熱処理に供した場合でも、ウェーハの変形が防止できる。同時に、ウェーハ強度低下の原因となるボート傷・搬送傷から発生するスリップ伸展をも防止可能なシリコンウェーハを提供可能とすることができる。
本発明において「Grown-in欠陥フリー」とは、COP欠陥や転位クラスタなどの結晶育成に伴って生じる可能性のある全ての欠陥が排除されることを意味する。更に、OSF領域を排除可能で、Pv領域、Pi領域であることを意味する。
このV/Gの値が高い値から低い値と変化するのに対応して、インゴット内に上述したV領域、OSF領域、Pv領域、Pi領域、I領域が順に形成される。
このV/Gの値は、引き上げ炉上部におけるホットゾーンの構造等、各実機によって異なるが、COP密度、OSF密度、BMD密度、LSTD密度又はFPD、ライトエッチング欠陥密度などを測定することによって、判別可能である。
また、「LPD密度」とは、レーザ光散乱式パーティクルカウンター(SP1(surfscan SP1):KLA-Tencor社製)を用いて検出される0.1μmサイズ以上の欠陥の密度である。
チョクラルスキー法によりシリコン単結晶直胴部をGrown-in欠陥が存在しない無欠陥領域およびOSF領域を含むようにして育成するシリコン単結晶引き上げ工程と、
スライスされたウェーハを鏡面加工する鏡面処理工程と、
窒素を含まない非酸化性ガス雰囲気雰囲気下で、処理温度1225℃~1350℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲にて行う析出溶解熱処理工程とを有し、
前記析出溶解熱処理工程を、鏡面処理工程の前または後に行う。
このように、析出溶解熱処理工程において、温度条件を、OSFを含まない状態に比べて高い温度条件とすることで、ウェーハ変形発生防止とスリップ発生防止とを同時に可能とすることができる。
[C1] 本発明の第3の態様におけるシリコンウェーハの製造方法は、最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で、昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンウェーハの製造方法であって、
チョクラルスキー法によりシリコン単結晶直胴部をVoid欠陥が存在する領域として育成する、シリコン単結晶引き上げ工程と、
窒素を含まない非酸化性ガス雰囲気下で、処理温度950℃~1200℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程と、
析出溶解熱処理工程後に、スライスされたウェーハにH2 及び/又はArによる非酸化性雰囲気下で、1100℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で、30min以上の高温アニール処理を施し、デバイス形成領域であるウェーハ表層のVoid欠陥を消滅させるDZ処理工程とを有する。
[C2] 本発明の第3の態様は、最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンウェーハの製造方法であって、
チョクラルスキー法によりシリコン単結晶直胴部を窒素が1×1013~5×1014atoms/cm3 ドープされVoid欠陥が存在する領域として育成する、シリコン単結晶引き上げ工程と、
窒素を含まない非酸化性ガス雰囲気下で、処理温度1225℃~1350℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程と、
析出溶解熱処理工程後に、スライスされたウェーハにH2及び/又はArによる非酸化性雰囲気下で、1100℃以上で30min以上の高温アニール処理を施し、デバイス形成領域であるウェーハ表層のVoid欠陥を消滅させるDZ処理工程とを有する。
[C3] [C1]又は[C2]に記載のシリコンウェーハの製造方法では、前記析出溶解熱処理工程において、処理雰囲気として窒素を含まない非酸化性ガスと1%以上の酸素ガスの混合雰囲気を用いることができる。
[C4] [C1]~[C3]のいずれかに記載のシリコンウェーハの製造方法では、前記引き上げ工程において、初期酸素濃度Oiが、12.0×1017~18×1017atoms/cm3 (Old-ASTM)となるように設定されることがある。
[C5] また、本発明の第3の態様のシリコンウェーハは、[C1]~[C4]のいずれか記載のシリコンウェーハの製造方法により製造される。
[C6] [C5]に記載のシリコンウェーハは、1000℃、16時間の熱処理後に、酸素析出物密度が1×104個/cm2以下とされる。
チョクラルスキー法によりシリコン単結晶直胴部をVoid欠陥が存在する領域として育成するシリコン単結晶引き上げ工程と、
窒素を含まない非酸化性ガス雰囲気下で、処理温度950℃~1200℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程と、
析出溶解熱処理工程後に、スライスされたウェーハにH2及び/又はArによる非酸化性雰囲気下で、1100℃以上で30min以上の高温アニール処理を施し、デバイス形成領域であるウェーハ表層のVoid欠陥を消滅するDZ処理工程とを有する。
前記DZ処理工程前に、窒素を含まない非酸化性ガス雰囲気下で、処理温度950℃~1200℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理することにより、急速昇降温熱処理に供した場合でも、変形が防止できる。従って、早い引き上げ速度で引き上げられてVoid欠陥を有するV領域からなり、極めてBMDのできやすいいわゆるアニールウェーハであっても、析出溶解熱処理工程によって、変形原因となる酸素析出核を溶解できる。従って、従来のRTA処理に比べて条件が厳しく、シリコンウェーハで生じる最大応力が20MPaを超えるようなデバイス製造プロセスの急速昇降温熱処理に、アニールウェーハを供した場合でも、変形が防止できる。また同時に、ウェーハ強度低下の原因となるボート傷・搬送傷から発生するスリップ伸展をも防止可能となる。
本発明においてVoid欠陥を有するとは、少なくとも、Grown-in欠陥フリーではなく、COP欠陥などの結晶育成に伴って生じる可能性のある欠陥を有しているV領域を有することである。つまり、COP発生領域を有することを意味し、このV領域を有していれば、OSF領域、Pv領域、Pi領域を有していてもよいことを意味する。
本発明の第3の様態において、V領域からなるように引き上げるためには、例えば、V/Gが0.22以上とするとよい。
本発明の第3の様態におけるDZ処理を施すウェーハとしては、レーザ光散乱式パーティクルカウンター(SP1(surfscan SP1):KLA-Tencor社製))でLPD密度を測定した際に、0.09μm以上のサイズのLPD数が100個/wf以上のウェーハが採用される。つまり、このようなCOPを含むウェーハとは、窒素をドープして引き上げたインゴットからスライスされ、上記のようなウェーハ面内密度(ウェーハ全面での個数/ウェーハ面積)を有するCOPが存在するものである。即ち、全面にVoid欠陥を含むウェーハとOSF-ringも一部含むウェーハとをその対象とする。
本発明の第3の様態の窒素ドープウェーハでは、OSF-ring領域がVoid領域に拡大する傾向が見られるが、OSF領域やPv領域等を含んでいてもよい。
チョクラルスキー法によりシリコン単結晶直胴部を窒素が1×1013~5×1014atoms/cm3 ドープされVoid欠陥が存在する領域として育成する、シリコン単結晶引き上げ工程と、
窒素を含まない非酸化性ガス雰囲気下で、処理温度1225℃~1350℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程と、
析出溶解熱処理工程後に、スライスされたウェーハにH2及び/又はArによる非酸化性雰囲気下で、1100℃以上で30min以上の高温アニール処理を施し、デバイス形成領域であるウェーハ表層のVoid欠陥を消滅するDZ処理工程とを有する。
このシリコンウェーハの製造方法によれば、BMDの形成されやすい窒素を含むウェーハであっても、析出溶解熱処理工程において、窒素を含まない状態に比べて高い温度条件とすることで、ウェーハ変形発生防止とスリップ発生防止とを同時に可能とする。
[D1] 本発明の第4の態様におけるシリコンウェーハの製造方法は、最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で、昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンウェーハの製造方法であって、
シリコン単結晶をチョクラルスキー法により育成する引き上げ工程と、
スライスされたウェーハを鏡面加工する鏡面処理工程とを有し、
前記引き上げ工程において、シリコン単結晶直胴部をGrown-in欠陥が存在しない無欠陥領域として育成し、
前記シリコン単結晶からスライスされたウェーハの外周部において同心円状に分布する空孔優勢な無欠陥領域であるPv領域が、ウェーハ外周部からウェーハ中心に向かって、径方向20mm以内の領域に存在せず、
それ以外の領域が、格子間シリコン優勢な無欠陥領域であるPi領域からなるように引き上げる。
[D2] [D1]に記載のシリコンウェーハの製造方法において、前記引き上げ工程において、ウェーハ全面が前記格子間シリコン優勢な無欠陥領域であるPi領域からなるように引き上げることが好ましい。
[D3] [D1]又は[D2]に記載のシリコンウェーハの製造方法は、前記引き上げ工程において、、800℃4時間+1000℃16時間の熱処理後に、前記格子間シリコン優勢な無欠陥領域であるPi領域の酸素析出物密度が1×1014個/cm2 以下となるように引き上げ条件が設定されるとよい。
[D4] [D1]~[D3]のいずれかに記載のシリコンウェーハの製造方法は、前記引き上げ工程において、初期酸素濃度Oiが、12.0×1017~14×1017atoms/cm3 (Old-ASTM)となるように設定されることがある。
[D5] 本発明のシリコンウェーハは、[D1]~[D3]のいずれかに記載のシリコンウェーハの製造方法により製造される。
シリコン単結晶をチョクラルスキー法により育成する引き上げ工程と、
スライスされたウェーハを鏡面加工する鏡面処理工程とを有し、
前記引き上げ工程において、シリコン単結晶直胴部をGrown-in欠陥が存在しない無欠陥領域として育成し、
前記シリコン単結晶からスライスされたウェーハの外周部において同心円状に分布する空孔優勢な無欠陥領域であるPv領域が、ウェーハ外周部からウェーハ中心に向けて径方向20mm以内の領域に存在せず、
それ以外の領域が、格子間シリコン優勢な無欠陥領域であるPi領域からなるように引き上げる。
この、第4の態様におけるシリコンウェーハの製造方法によれば、Pv領域を排除することで外周でのスリップ伸展を抑制することができる。更に、無欠陥領域からなることで、ウェーハ外周部でデバイスプロセス中に析出形成が起こらない。従って、変形原因となる酸素析出核を溶解する析出溶解熱処理を施すことなく、Slip耐性の優れたウェーハを製造することが可能となる。これにより、従来のRTA処理に比べて条件が厳しく、最高温度が1050℃~シリコン融点の範囲、昇降温レートが150℃/sec~10000℃/sec、500℃/sec~3000℃/sec、1000℃/sec~2000℃/secとされ、シリコンウェーハで生じる最大応力が20MPaを超えるような極めて過酷な条件であるデバイス製造プロセスの急速昇降温熱処理にウェーハを供した場合でも、変形が防止できる。同時に、ウェーハ強度低下の原因となるボート傷・搬送傷から発生するスリップ伸展をも防止可能なシリコンウェーハが提供可能である。
本発明において「Grown-in欠陥フリー」とは、COP欠陥や転位クラスタなどの結晶育成に伴って生じる可能性のある全ての欠陥が排除されること、OSF領域を排除可能で、Pv領域、Pi領域であることを意味する。
以下、本発明に係るシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハおよびその製造方法の第1の態様を、図面に基づいて説明する。
図1は、第1の態様におけるシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハおよびその製造方法を示すフローチャートである。
この製造条件設定工程S10においては、ウェーハ準備工程S111における操業条件として引き上げ時に制御するパラメーターとなるシリコンウェーハ(基板)の酸素濃度Oi、ドーパント濃度としてのボロン濃度、窒素濃度が設定される。
ウェーハ準備工程S111では、エピタキシャル層を成膜するためのシリコンウェーハを準備する工程である。ウェーハ準備工程S111では、CZ法で単結晶を引き上げ、引き上げられたシリコン単結晶インゴットをスライス加工してウェーハを形成し、更に、ウエーハの面取り・研削・研磨・洗浄等の表面処理等を行う。シリコンウェーハは直径が300mm以上450mm程度のものが適応可能である。
ウェーハ準備工程S111で準備したシリコンウェーハにエピタキシャル工程S12を介してその表面をエピタキシャル成長させる。得られたシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハは、その後半導体デバイスの製造工程S15に供される。半導体デバイスの製造工程S15は、FLA等の急速昇降温熱処理工程S152を有する。設定工程S112では、急速昇降温熱処理工程S152に応じて、ウェーハで発生する応力とこの応力に対応して要求される酸素析出状態を所望の状態に設定する。デバイス工程S15において、シリコンウェーハが供される熱処理は、最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上の条件とされる急速昇降温熱処理工程S152である。この急速昇降温熱処理工程S152の前後で、前フォトリソ工程S151で形成されたパターンと、後フォトリソ工程S153で形成するパターンとにずれが生じオーバーレイエラーとならないように、設定工程S112で析出溶解熱処理工程S13における処理条件を決定し、この急速昇降温熱処理工程S152において、変形発生とスリップ発生を抑制する。設定工程S112では、同時に、析出溶解熱処理工程S13とエピタキシャル工程S12との処理順も含めて設定する。このとき、析出溶解熱処理工程S13をおこなわないことも選択できる。つまり、設定工程S112においては、製造条件設定工程S10での条件と、急速昇降温熱処理工程S152における条件とを考慮して、析出溶解熱処理工程S13の条件を決定することになる。
同時に、第1の態様におけるシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハでは、図8に示すような支持されているウェーハWのエッジ部分でスリップ転位が発生することを防止して、ウェーハの強度が低下することを防止できる。
以下、本発明に係るシリコンウェーハおよびその製造方法の第2の態様を、図面に基づいて説明する。
図10は、本実施形態におけるシリコンウェーハおよびその製造方法を示すフローチャートである。
この製造条件設定工程S20においては、ウェーハ準備工程S211における操業条件として引き上げ時に制御するパラメーターとなる引き上げ速度Vと固液界面からの温度勾配Gとの比、つまり、V/Gの値、シリコンウェーハ(基板)の酸素濃度Oi、ドーパント濃度などが設定される。
そして、シードチャック5に取り付けた種結晶Tをシリコン融液3に浸漬し、ルツボ1および引き上げ軸4を回転させつつ種結晶Tを引き上げることにより、シリコン単結晶6を形成できる。
なお、水素ガスを含有しない不活性ガスのみの雰囲気とすることもできる。
次に、シードチャック5に取り付けた種結晶Tをシリコン融液3に浸漬し、ルツボ1および引き上げ軸4を回転させつつ結晶引き上げを行う。
この場合の引き上げ条件としては、単結晶の成長速度をV(mm/分)とし、単結晶成長時の融点から1350℃の温度勾配をG(℃/mm)としたときの比V/G(mm2/分・℃)を0.22~0.15程度に制御し、VをGrown-in欠陥フリーなシリコン単結晶が引き上げ可能な速度である0.65~0.42~0.33mm/分に制御する、といった条件を例示できる。
同時に、第2の態様におけるシリコンウェーハでは、図8に示すような支持されているウェーハWのエッジ部分でスリップ転位が発生することを防止して、ウェーハの強度が低下することも防止できる。
以下、本発明に係るシリコンウェーハおよびその製造方法の第3の態様を、図面に基づいて説明する。
図12は、本実施形態におけるシリコンウェーハおよびその製造方法を示すフローチャートである。
この製造条件設定工程S30では、ウェーハ準備工程S311における操業条件として、引き上げ時に制御するパラメーターとなる引き上げ速度Vと固液界面からの温度勾配Gとの比、V/Gの値、つまり、シリコンウェーハ(基板)の酸素濃度Oi、ドーパント濃度などが設定される。
ウェーハ準備工程S311においては、先ず、図11のルツボ1内に高純度シリコンの多結晶を例えば100kg装入するとともに、必要なドーパントを投入してシリコン単結晶中のドーパント濃度を調整することが好ましい。
次に、CZ炉内を不活性ガス等の所定の雰囲気とするとともにその圧力を調整する。
次いで、磁場供給装置9から例えば3000G(0.3T)の水平磁場を磁場中心高さが融液液面に対して-75~+50mmとなるように供給印加するとともに、ヒータ2によりシリコンの多結晶を加熱してシリコン融液3とする。
次に、シードチャック5に取り付けた種結晶Tをシリコン融液3に浸漬し、ルツボ1および引き上げ軸4を回転させつつ結晶引き上げを行う。
この場合の引き上げ条件としては、単結晶の成長速度をV(mm/分)とし、単結晶成長時の融点から1350℃の温度勾配をG(℃/mm)としたときの比V/G(mm2/分・℃)を0.22~0.15程度に制御し、VをVoid欠陥が存在するV領域としてシリコン単結晶が引き上げ可能な速度である0.65~0.42~0.33mm/分に制御する、といった条件を例示できる。
同時に、第3の態様におけるシリコンウェーハでは、図8に示すような支持されているウェーハWのエッジ部分でスリップ転位が発生することを防止して、ウェーハの強度が低下することも防止できる。
以下、本発明に係るシリコンウェーハおよびその製造方法の第4の態様を、図面に基づいて説明する。
図13は、本実施形態におけるシリコンウェーハおよびその製造方法を示すフローチャートである。
この製造条件設定工程S40においては、ウェーハ準備工程S411における操業条件として引き上げ時に制御するパラメーターとなる引き上げ速度Vと固液界面からの温度勾配Gとの比、V/Gの値、つまり、シリコンウェーハ(基板)の酸素濃度Oi、ドーパント濃度などが設定される。
ウェーハ準備工程S411においては、先ず、図11のルツボ1内に高純度シリコンの多結晶を例えば100kg装入するとともに、必要なドーパントを投入してシリコン単結晶中のドーパント濃度を調整することが好ましい。次に、CZ炉内を水素含有物質と不活性ガスとの混合ガスからなる水素含有雰囲気とし、雰囲気圧力を1.3~13.3kPa(10~100torr)とし、雰囲気ガス中における水素含有物質の濃度が水素ガス換算分圧で40~400Pa程度になるように調整する。水素含有物質として水素ガスを選択した場合には、水素ガス分圧を40~400Paとすればよい。このときの水素ガスの濃度は0.3%~31%の範囲になる。
なお、水素ガスを含有しない不活性ガスのみの雰囲気とすることもできる。
次に、シードチャック5に取り付けた種結晶Tをシリコン融液3に浸漬し、ルツボ1および引き上げ軸4を回転させつつ結晶引き上げを行う。
この場合の引き上げ条件としては、単結晶の成長速度をV(mm/分)とし、単結晶成長時の融点から1350℃の温度勾配をG(℃/mm)としたときの比V/G(mm2/分・℃)を0.22~0.15程度に制御し、VをGrown-in欠陥フリーなシリコン単結晶が引き上げ可能な速度である0.65~0.42~0.33mm/分に制御する、といった条件を例示できる。
同時に、第4の態様におけるシリコンウェーハでは、図8に示すような支持されているウェーハWのエッジ部分でスリップ転位が発生することを防止して、ウェーハの強度が低下することも防止できる。
。また、裏面側面取り部W28の幅A2は200μmから300μmの範囲が好ましい。
また、第一傾斜面W11と周縁端Wtとの間には、これらを接続する第一曲面W13が表面最外周Wutに設けられている。また、第二傾斜面W12と周縁端Wtとの間には、これらを接続する第二曲面W14が裏面最外周部Wrtに設けられている。第一曲面W13の曲率半径R1の範囲は80μmから250μmの範囲が好ましく、第二曲面W14の曲率半径R2の範囲は100μmから300μmの範囲が好ましい。
このシリコンウェーハに、析出溶解熱処理工程S13の条件を表1~3に示すように設定し、RTA処理をおこなうとともに、エピタキシャル工程1150℃で膜厚4μmのエピタキシャル膜を成膜した。
<デバイス製造工程における処理の模擬条件>
1step; 850℃ 30分
2step; 1000℃ 30分
3step; 1000℃ 60分
4step; 850℃ 30分
(いずれも昇降温速度は5℃/min)
<RTA炉熱応力負荷試験条件>
700℃からの昇降温レート150℃/secとして、最高温度を1250℃、保持時間を1secとした。
ここで、BMD密度の測定は、上記デバイスシミュレーション後に1000℃×16hrの顕在化熱処理後のライトエッチング(エッチング代は2μm)後に実施した。
<縦型炉熱応力試験条件>
700℃から1150℃までの昇温レートを8℃/minとして1150℃に60min保持し、1.5℃/minの降温レートで700℃まで冷却した。
RTA炉熱応力負荷試験結果については、以下のように評価した。
○(A;Good):X線トポグラフィーにて、微小スリップ発生が確認できない。
×(B;Not Acceptable):X線トポグラフィーにて、微小スリップ発生がウェーハ面内に確認できた。
RTA処理は短時間であるため、スリップ長が微細であり、Slip長の測定が困難である。
一方、縦型炉熱応力負荷試験では、ボート跡から伸展したSlip長を測定し以下のように評価した。
○;スリップ長0.5~2mm(A;Good)
△;スリップ長2~5mm(B;Acceptable)
×;スリップ長5~10mm(C;Not Acceptable)
このシリコンウェーハに、析出溶解熱処理工程S23の条件を表4にRTA条件として示すように設定し、RTA処理をおこなった。
<デバイス製造工程における処理の模擬条件>
1step; 850℃ 30分
2step; 1000℃ 30分
3step; 1000℃ 60分
4step; 850℃ 30分
(いずれも昇降温速度は5℃/min)
この結果を表4にRTA炉応力負荷試験結果(BMD起因Slip発生)として示す。
ここで、BMD密度の測定は、上記デバイスシミュレーション後に1000℃×16hrの顕在化熱処理後のライトエッチング(エッチング代は2μm)後に実施した。
<縦型炉熱応力試験条件>
700℃から1150℃までの昇温レートを8℃/minとして1150℃に60min保持し、1.5℃/minの降温レートで700℃まで冷却した。
◎;スリップ長0~0.5mm(S;Very Good)
○;スリップ長0.5~2mm(A;Good)
△;スリップ長2~5mm(B;Acceptable)
×;スリップ長5~10mm(C;Not Acceptable)
××;スリップ長10~15mm(D;poor)
このシリコンウェーハに、析出溶解熱処理工程S33の条件を表5にRTA条件として示すように設定してRTA処理をおこなった後、DZ処理として、縦型バッチ炉において1000℃、16時間のアニール処理をおこなった。
<デバイス製造工程における処理の模擬条件>
1step; 850℃ 30分
2step; 1000℃ 30分
3step; 1000℃ 60分
4step; 850℃ 30分
(いずれも昇降温速度は5℃/min)
ここで、BMD密度の測定は、上記デバイスシミュレーション後に1000℃×16hrの顕在化熱処理後のライトエッチング(エッチング代は2μm)後に実施した。
<縦型炉熱応力試験条件>
700℃から1150℃までの昇温レートを8℃/minとして1150℃に60min保持し、1.5℃/minの降温レートで700℃まで冷却した。
○;スリップ長0.5~2mm(A;Good)
△;スリップ長2~5mm(B;Acceptable)
×;スリップ長5~10mm(C;Not Acceptable)
<デバイス製造工程における処理模擬>
1step; 850℃ 30分
2step; 1000℃ 30分
3step; 1000℃ 60分
4step; 850℃ 30分
(いずれも昇降温速度は5℃/min)
この結果を表6にRTA炉応力負荷試験結果(BMD起因Slip発生)として示す。
ここで、BMD密度の測定は、上記デバイスシミュレーション後に1000℃×16hrの顕在化熱処理後のライトエッチング(エッチング代は2μm)後に実施した。
<縦型炉熱応力試験条件>
700℃から1150℃までの昇温レートを8℃/minとして1150℃に60min保持し、1.5℃/minの降温レートで700℃まで冷却した。
○;スリップ長0.5~2mm(A;Good)
△;スリップ長2~5mm(B;Acceptable)
×;スリップ長5~10mm(C;Not Acceptable)
Claims (24)
- 最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で、昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法であって、
抵抗値が0.02Ωcm~1kΩcmとなるようにボロンがドープされ、初期酸素濃度Oiが、14.0×1017~22×1017atoms/cm3 (Old-ASTM)とされた基板を用い、
前記基板の表面にエピタキシャル層を成長させるエピタキシャル工程と、
処理温度1150℃~1300℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程とを有し、
前記析出溶解熱処理工程を、エピタキシャル工程の前または後に行うことを特徴とするシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法。 - 最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で、昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法であって、
窒素が1×1013~5×1014atoms/cm3 ドープされた基板を用い、
前記基板の表面にエピタキシャル層を成長させるエピタキシャル工程と、
該エピタキシャル工程後に、処理温度1200℃~1300℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程とを有することを特徴とするシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法。 - 最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で、昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法であって、
抵抗値が0.02Ωcm~0.001Ωcmとなるようにボロンがドープされ、初期酸素濃度Oiが、11.0×1017~3×1017atoms/cm3 (Old-ASTM)とされた基板を用い、
前記基板の表面にエピタキシャル層を成長させるエピタキシャル工程を有することを特徴とするシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法。 - 最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で、昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法であって、
抵抗値が0.02Ωcm~0.001Ωcmとなるようにボロンがドープされ、初期酸素濃度Oiが、11.0×1017~18×1017atoms/cm3 (Old-ASTM)とされた基板を用い、
前記基板の表面にエピタキシャル層を成長させるエピタキシャル工程と、
該エピタキシャル工程前に、処理温度1150℃~1300℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程とを有することを特徴とするシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法。 - 前記析出溶解熱処理工程において、処理雰囲気を窒素を含まない非酸化性ガス雰囲気とする請求項1から4のいずれかに記載のシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法。
- 前記析出溶解熱処理工程において、処理雰囲気を窒素を含まない非酸化性ガスと1%以上の酸素ガスの混合雰囲気とする請求項1から4のいずれかに記載のシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法。
- 前記析出溶解熱処理工程において、処理雰囲気を窒素を含まない非酸化性ガスと3%以上の酸素ガスの混合雰囲気とし、降温速度を50℃/sec~20℃/secの範囲とする請求項1から4のいずれかに記載のシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法。
- 請求項1から7のいずれかに記載のシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法により製造されたことを特徴とするシリコンエピタキシャルウェーハ。
- 最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で、昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンウェーハの製造方法であって、
チョクラルスキー法によりシリコン単結晶直胴部をGrown-in欠陥が存在しない無欠陥領域として育成するシリコン単結晶引き上げ工程と、
スライスされたウェーハを鏡面加工する鏡面処理工程と、
窒素を含まない非酸化性ガス雰囲気下で、処理温度950℃~1200℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程とを有し、
前記析出溶解熱処理工程を、鏡面処理工程の前または後に行うことを特徴とするシリコンウェーハの製造方法。 - 最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で、昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンウェーハの製造方法であって、
チョクラルスキー法によりシリコン単結晶直胴部をGrown-in欠陥が存在しない無欠陥領域およびOSF領域を含んで育成する、シリコン単結晶引き上げ工程と、
スライスされたウェーハを鏡面加工する鏡面処理工程と、
窒素を含まない非酸化性ガス雰囲気下で、処理温度1225℃~1350℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程とを有し、
前記析出溶解熱処理工程を、鏡面処理工程の前または後に行うことを特徴とするシリコンウェーハの製造方法。 - 前記析出溶解熱処理工程において、処理雰囲気として窒素を含まない非酸化性ガスと3%以上の酸素ガスの混合雰囲気を用いる請求項9又は10記載のシリコンウェーハの製造方法。
- 前記引き上げ工程において、初期酸素濃度Oiが、12.0×1017~20×1017atoms/cm3 (Old-ASTM)となるように設定される請求項9から11のいずれかに記載のシリコンウェーハの製造方法。
- 請求項9から12のいずれかに記載のシリコンウェーハの製造方法により製造されたことを特徴とするシリコンウェーハ。
- 最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で、昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンウェーハの製造方法であって、
チョクラルスキー法によりシリコン単結晶直胴部をVoid欠陥が存在する領域として育成する、シリコン単結晶引き上げ工程と、
窒素を含まない非酸化性ガス雰囲気下で、処理温度950℃~1200℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程と、
析出溶解熱処理工程後に、スライスされたウェーハにH2及び/又はArによる非酸化性雰囲気下で、1100℃以上で30min以上の高温アニール処理を施し、デバイス形成領域であるウェーハ表層のVoid欠陥を消滅させるDZ処理工程とを有することを特徴とするシリコンウェーハの製造方法。 - 最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下で、昇降温レートが150℃/sec以上である熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンウェーハの製造方法であって、
チョクラルスキー法によりシリコン単結晶直胴部を窒素が1×1013~5×1014atoms/cm3 ドープされVoid欠陥が存在する領域として育成する、シリコン単結晶引き上げ工程と、
窒素を含まない非酸化性ガス雰囲気下で、処理温度1225℃~1350℃の範囲、保持時間5sec~1minの範囲、降温速度10℃/sec~0.1℃/secの範囲でウェーハを析出溶解熱処理する工程と、
析出溶解熱処理工程後に、スライスされたウェーハにH2及び/又はArによる非酸化性雰囲気下で、1100℃以上で30min以上の高温アニール処理を施し、デバイス形成領域であるウェーハ表層のVoid欠陥を消滅させるDZ処理工程と
を有することを特徴とするシリコンウェーハの製造方法。 - 前記析出溶解熱処理工程において、処理雰囲気として窒素を含まない非酸化性ガスと1%以上の酸素ガスの混合雰囲気を用いる請求項14又は15に記載のシリコンウェーハの製造方法。
- 前記引き上げ工程において、初期酸素濃度Oiが、12.0×1017~18×1017atoms/cm3 (Old-ASTM)となるように設定される請求項14から16のいずれかに記載のシリコンウェーハの製造方法。
- 請求項14から17のいずれかに記載のシリコンウェーハの製造方法により製造されたことを特徴とするシリコンウェーハ。
- 請求項18記載のシリコンウェーハであって、1000℃、16時間の熱処理後に、酸素析出物密度が1×104個/cm2以下とされるシリコンウェーハ。
- 最高温度の範囲が1050℃以上且つシリコンの融点以下の熱処理工程を有する半導体デバイスの製造プロセスに供されるシリコンウェーハの製造方法であって、
シリコン単結晶をチョクラルスキー法により育成する引き上げ工程と、
スライスされたウェーハを鏡面加工する鏡面処理工程とを有し、
前記引き上げ工程において、シリコン単結晶直胴部をGrown-in欠陥が存在しない無欠陥領域として育成し、
前記シリコン単結晶からスライスされたウェーハの外周部において同心円状に分布する空孔優勢な無欠陥領域であるPv領域が、ウェーハ外周部からウェーハ中心に向かって、径方向20mm以内の領域に存在せず、
それ以外の領域が、格子間シリコン優勢な無欠陥領域であるPi領域からなるように引き上げることを特徴とするシリコンウェーハの製造方法。 - 前記引き上げ工程において、ウェーハ全面が前記格子間シリコン優勢な無欠陥領域であるPi領域からなるように引き上げる請求項20に記載のシリコンウェーハの製造方法。
- 前記引き上げ工程において、800℃4時間+1000℃16時間の熱処理後に、前記格子間シリコン優勢な無欠陥領域であるPi領域の酸素析出物密度が1×1014個/cm2 以下となるように引き上げ条件が設定される請求項20又は21に記載のシリコンウェーハの製造方法。
- 前記引き上げ工程において、初期酸素濃度Oiが、12.0×1017~14×1017atoms/cm3 (Old-ASTM)となるように設定される請求項20~22のいずれかに記載のシリコンウェーハの製造方法。
- 請求項20~23のいずれかに記載のシリコンウェーハの製造方法により製造されたことを特徴とするシリコンウェーハ。
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EP2412849A1 (en) | 2012-02-01 |
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US8890291B2 (en) | 2014-11-18 |
EP2412849B1 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
EP2722423A2 (en) | 2014-04-23 |
KR20140076599A (ko) | 2014-06-20 |
US20150054134A1 (en) | 2015-02-26 |
KR20120001775A (ko) | 2012-01-04 |
EP2412849A4 (en) | 2013-06-26 |
KR20130076895A (ko) | 2013-07-08 |
KR101389058B1 (ko) | 2014-04-28 |
KR101507360B1 (ko) | 2015-03-31 |
EP2722423A3 (en) | 2014-07-09 |
KR101422713B1 (ko) | 2014-07-23 |
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