WO2005071332A1 - 機器診断装置、冷凍サイクル装置、流体回路診断方法、機器監視システム、冷凍サイクル監視システム - Google Patents
機器診断装置、冷凍サイクル装置、流体回路診断方法、機器監視システム、冷凍サイクル監視システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005071332A1 WO2005071332A1 PCT/JP2004/018918 JP2004018918W WO2005071332A1 WO 2005071332 A1 WO2005071332 A1 WO 2005071332A1 JP 2004018918 W JP2004018918 W JP 2004018918W WO 2005071332 A1 WO2005071332 A1 WO 2005071332A1
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- state
- refrigeration cycle
- refrigerant
- measured
- value
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
- F24F11/38—Failure diagnosis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/52—Indication arrangements, e.g. displays
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/13—Economisers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/22—Preventing, detecting or repairing leaks of refrigeration fluids
- F25B2500/222—Detecting refrigerant leaks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
- F25B2700/21151—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the suction side of the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
- F25B2700/21152—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the discharge side of the compressor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
- F25B2700/21163—Temperatures of a condenser of the refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser
Definitions
- Equipment diagnostic equipment refrigeration cycle equipment, fluid circuit diagnostic method, equipment monitoring system, refrigeration cycle monitoring system
- the present invention relates to a technology related to failure diagnosis and monitoring of devices such as a compressor of a refrigeration cycle device used in a refrigeration system or an air conditioner, a fluid circuit, etc., and other devices and devices such as a blower. .
- the liquid between the liquid reservoir (the liquid receiving tank) and the auxiliary tank is made to communicate with each other by a communication pipe, so that the liquid between the liquid reservoir and the auxiliary tank is formed.
- the refrigerant is brought to the same liquid level, the liquid level is detected by a float type level sensor installed in the auxiliary tank, and the detected liquid level in the reservoir is determined to be equal to or higher than a predetermined normal liquid level.
- a refrigerant leak has been detected.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-2-110242 (FIGS. 4 to 11)
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-59-68643 (page 23, top left to top right)
- Patent Document 3 JP-A-2000-259222 (FIGS. 3-9)
- Patent Document 4 JP-A-10-103820 (Claim 1, FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 4)
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-185839 (Claim 1, FIG. 1, FIG. 3)
- the conventional refrigeration cycle apparatus has a force S to measure the mixing of bubbles into the liquid surface of the liquid reservoir or the refrigerant liquid flowing out of the liquid reservoir, that is, to attach a special sensor for specific data, There is a problem that the device becomes very expensive.
- the conventional refrigeration cycle apparatus has a problem that it is difficult to install the refrigeration cycle apparatus in an existing refrigeration cycle apparatus because a special sensor for necessary data is assembled in the apparatus.
- the conventional refrigeration cycle device detects the refrigerant leakage after the refrigerant leakage reaches the limit at which the normal cooling capacity can be maintained, and detects the refrigerant leakage at an early stage. There were problems that could not be dealt with.
- the conventional refrigeration cycle apparatus attempts to detect refrigerant leakage based on specific data, and thus has a problem in that it is not possible to determine abnormality between refrigerant leakage and other abnormalities.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus, for example, a state quantity calculated not only for a compressor alone but also for an entire apparatus such as a refrigeration cycle.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus capable of detecting an early sign of a failure based on the information. Also, the purpose of the present invention is to obtain a practical product that absorbs individual differences in actual equipment in failure determination, and that can easily set thresholds and the like, and can be easily used anytime and anywhere.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a highly accurate and highly reliable technique capable of identifying a failure cause in failure determination.
- the present invention provides an inexpensive and highly reliable refrigeration cycle apparatus or a diagnosis and monitoring technique capable of detecting an abnormality of a refrigeration cycle such as a refrigerant leak using information of only general temperature measurement means and pressure measurement means. It is aimed at.
- Another object of the present invention is to obtain a refrigeration cycle apparatus which can be easily applied to an existing refrigeration cycle apparatus, or a technique for diagnosis and monitoring.
- the present invention utilizes a correlation between a plurality of data to obtain a refrigeration cycle apparatus capable of discriminating each abnormality such as a refrigerant leak and discovering the abnormality at an early stage.
- the purpose is to obtain a practical thing that can be predicted without any other factors.
- the device diagnostic apparatus of the present invention includes a measuring unit that measures a plurality of measured amounts of a device that sucks and discharges a fluid, a calculating unit that calculates a correlation between the measured plurality of measured amounts, and an operation unit. Is a state quantity that is a calculated value such as an average value obtained from the measured quantity measured when it is determined to be normal, and at least the state quantity that includes the correlation of the calculated multiple measured quantities.
- a normal state quantity storage means for storing as a normal state quantity, and calculating an abnormal state quantity by calculating from the normal state quantity stored in the normal state quantity storage means.
- the device diagnostic apparatus of the present invention includes: a measuring unit that measures a plurality of measured amounts of a device that sucks and discharges a fluid; a calculating unit that calculates a correlation between the measured plurality of measured amounts; Is a calculated value such as an average value calculated from the measured quantities measured when the measured value is normal, and the state quantity including at least the correlation between the calculated multiple measured quantities is referred to as the normal value of the device. It is stored as a state quantity of the state, or a plurality of measurement quantities that are measured when the equipment is judged to be abnormal or set so that an abnormal state can be obtained.
- a state quantity storage means for storing a state quantity including at least a correlation as a state quantity of an abnormal state of the device, and a calculation means for calculating a correlation using a plurality of measured amounts of fluid as variables during a current operation of the device.
- the current operating state including at least the obtained state quantity is compared with at least one of the normal state quantity and the abnormal state quantity stored in the state quantity storage means, and the current operating state is determined to be normal.
- State A determination unit for performing estimation of the extent or cause of the abnormality of the abnormality when it is determined that than be provided with.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the present invention includes a refrigeration cycle formed by connecting a compressor, a condenser, expansion means, and an evaporator with piping, and circulating a refrigerant therein, and a discharge side of the compressor.
- Force High-pressure side measuring means which is high-pressure measuring means for measuring the high pressure of the refrigerant pressure at any position in the flow path leading to the expansion means or condensation temperature measuring means for measuring the high-pressure saturation temperature, and expansion means force compressor Low pressure side measuring means which measures the low pressure which is the pressure of the refrigerant at any position in the flow path leading to the suction side of the refrigerant, or low pressure side measuring means which is the evaporating temperature measuring means which measures the low pressure saturation temperature, and expands from the condenser. From the liquid temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature at any position in the flow path leading to the means, or from the discharge temperature measuring means or the evaporator for measuring the temperature at any position in the flow path from the compressor to the condenser.
- Computed values such as complex variables are calculated from the measured values of the refrigerant temperature measuring means, which is the suction temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature at the position of the displacement, the high pressure side measuring means, the low pressure side measuring means, and the refrigerant temperature measuring means.
- Determining means for storing each measured value or calculated value, comparing the previously stored value with the present measured value or calculated value, and determining an abnormality in the refrigeration cycle based on the comparison result. And with.
- the refrigeration cycle device of the present invention includes a refrigeration cycle in which a compressor, a condenser, expansion means, and an evaporator are connected by pipes and a refrigerant is circulated therein, and the refrigeration cycle operates normally.
- the correlation of calculating multiple measured values as multiple variables A state quantity storage means for storing the state quantity including the normal operation state as a state quantity in a normal operation state, and a state including at least a correlation calculated as a plurality of variables using a plurality of measured values when an abnormality occurs in the refrigeration cycle.
- An abnormal state quantity storing the quantity as a state quantity of an abnormal operating state, and a state quantity including at least a correlation obtained by calculating a plurality of measured values obtained from a current operating state of the refrigeration cycle as a plurality of variables.
- Comparison means for comparing the distance between the current operation state quantity and a plurality of state quantities stored in the normal state quantity storage means or abnormal state quantity storage means, and a distance compared by the comparison means. Or a means for judging the degree of normality of the refrigeration cycle, the degree of abnormality, or the cause of the abnormality from the change in the distance.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the present invention includes a refrigeration cycle configured by connecting a compressor, a condenser, expansion means, and an evaporator with piping and allowing a refrigerant to flow through the refrigeration cycle apparatus.
- High-pressure side measuring means which is a high-pressure measuring means for measuring the high pressure of the refrigerant pressure or a condensing temperature measuring means for measuring the saturation temperature of the high pressure, at any position in the flow path leading to the expansion means, From the condenser to the expansion means, a low-pressure measuring means for measuring the low pressure which is the pressure of the refrigerant at any position in the flow path to the suction side or an evaporating temperature measuring means for measuring the saturation temperature of the low pressure.
- Liquid temperature measuring means to measure the temperature at any position in the flow path to the outlet or discharge temperature measuring means to measure the temperature at any position in the flow path from the compressor to the condenser or evaporator power to the compressor Temperature of any force position in the flow path
- the measured value or measured value of each measuring means is stored.
- the calculated value is stored, and the stored value is compared with the current measured value or calculated value.
- the fluid circuit diagnosis method of the present invention includes a measuring step of measuring a plurality of measurands from a physical quantity of a fluid flowing through the circuit by suctioning and discharging by the device, and a plurality of measurable steps obtained from the measured data.
- the fluid circuit diagnostic method of the present invention includes a measuring step of measuring a plurality of measured quantities from a physical quantity of a fluid sucked and discharged by a device circulating in the fluid circuit, and a plurality of measured quantities obtained from the measured measured quantities.
- the fluid circuit diagnosis method of the present invention includes a measuring step of measuring a plurality of measured quantities from physical quantities of a fluid sucked and discharged by a device circulating in the fluid circuit, and a plurality of measured quantities obtained from the measured measured quantities.
- the refrigeration cycle monitoring system of the present invention is a device monitoring system for monitoring the operating state of a device being operated by a device diagnostic device, and includes a measurement amount measured by the device diagnostic device, a calculated value, At least one of the results of determining whether the device is in a normal operating state by comparing whether the calculated value is within a set threshold value is transmitted to a remote monitoring device that monitors the operating state of the device via a communication line or wireless communication. What is transmitted.
- the refrigeration cycle monitoring system of the present invention relates to a compressor of a refrigeration cycle device that forms a refrigeration cycle by connecting a compressor, a condenser, expansion means, and an evaporator by piping, and circulating a refrigerant therein.
- a high-pressure side measuring means which is a high-pressure measuring means for measuring the high pressure of the refrigerant pressure or a condensing temperature measuring means for measuring a high-pressure saturation temperature at any position in the flow path from the discharge side to the expanding means
- the low-pressure side measuring means for measuring the low pressure which is the pressure of the refrigerant at any position in the flow path to the suction side of the machine
- the low-pressure side measuring means which is the evaporating temperature measuring means for measuring the low-pressure saturation temperature
- expansion from the condenser Liquid temperature measuring means to measure the temperature at any position in the flow path leading to the means
- discharge temperature measuring means to measure the temperature at any position in the flow path from the compressor to the condenser, or from the evaporator.
- a composite variable is calculated from the measured values of the refrigerant temperature measuring means, which is the suction temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature at any position in the flow path leading to the compressor, and the high pressure side measuring means, low pressure side measuring means, and refrigerant temperature measuring means.
- a judgment means for judging abnormality of the refrigeration plant based on the comparison result.
- the judgment means is provided at a position distant from the refrigeration cycle device, and is judged by at least one of the measured value or the calculated value or the judgment means.
- the present invention diagnoses an operating state from a general measured amount of a fluid, and can detect an abnormality and further predict an abnormal time by a simple and reliable diagnosis. Further, the present invention provides a practical technique with high accuracy and a diagnostic technique capable of specifying the cause of a failure and the like. In the present invention, the monitoring of the equipment and the refrigeration cycle is reliably performed.
- FIG. 1 is an overall conceptual diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a Mollier chart showing the operation of the refrigeration cycle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the relationship between the distance of Mahalanobis and its appearance rate according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart for calculating a Mahalanobis distance according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a concept of a Mahalanobis distance according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a relationship between a refrigerant leakage degree and a Mahalanobis distance according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is an operation flowchart of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is another configuration diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a time change of a Mahalanobis distance according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is another configuration diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is another configuration diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is another configuration diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is another configuration diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is another configuration diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is another configuration diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a relationship between a reference space and an abnormal space according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is an operation flowchart of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing test results of refrigerant leakage in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a method of dividing a reference space in a year according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is another configuration diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing a concept of a Mahalanobis distance between an abnormal space and a normal space according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing the contents of a new abnormality learning function according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a general conceptual diagram of the present invention, wherein 1 is a refrigeration cycle device such as a refrigerator or an air conditioner, 2 is a refrigerator / refrigeration cycle device that detects an operation state quantity, and calculates, stores, and displays the detection result.
- microcomputer 3 means for communication with the outside such as telephone line, LAN line, wireless, etc.
- 4 is a remote monitoring room for centralized management such as remote monitoring and control of the refrigeration cycle device 1 and 5 is a remote monitoring room 4
- a computer which is installed in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 and is a remote viewing means having a display and an arithmetic function for transmitting and receiving data to and from the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1
- 6 is a display device such as a liquid crystal display provided in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1
- 7 is a touch panel Or
- an input device such as a button
- 8 is a warning lamp for notifying the occurrence of an abnormality
- 9 is a speaker for generating a sound for notifying the occurrence of an abnormality.
- Refrigeration cycle devices 1 such as refrigerators and air conditioners are used for air conditioning in buildings, refrigerators and air conditioning systems installed in large stores such as supermarkets, refrigeration and air conditioning devices in small stores, and air conditioning in households in apartment buildings.
- the remote monitoring room can be used to monitor a plurality of these facilities or individual facilities. Alternatively, it may be connected to a monitoring computer or monitoring device in each house such as a detached house.
- the display device 6, the input device 7, the warning lamp 8, and the loudspeaker 9 have the force S shown in the case where they are built in the refrigeration cycle device 1, and of course, all or one of them. It may be installed outside the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1, or may be provided with some or all of them. It is okay if there is a computer connected to the point by communication means 3 installed.
- FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing details of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 of FIG. 1 of the present invention
- 11 is a compressor
- 12 is a condenser
- 35 is a liquid reservoir
- 37 is a supercooling means
- 36 is a flow path opening / closing means
- Reference numeral 13 denotes expansion means
- reference numeral 14 denotes an evaporator, which are connected by pipes, and allow a refrigerant to flow inside to constitute a refrigeration cycle.
- the compressor 11, the flow passage opening / closing means 36, the expansion means 13, and the evaporator 14 are installed, the condenser 12 is installed in a machine room or outside, and the evaporator 14 is, for example, a showcase. It is built in.
- 16 is a refrigerant measurement amount detecting means for detecting a refrigerant state such as pressure and temperature of the refrigeration cycle device 1
- 16a is a refrigerant high pressure detecting means
- 16b is a refrigerant low pressure detecting means
- 38 is a liquid pipe temperature detecting means.
- Means 61 is a refrigerant discharge temperature detecting means
- 62 is a refrigerant suction temperature detecting means
- 41 is a data collecting means
- 18 is a refrigerant state quantity detecting means
- 16 is an arithmetic means for performing various calculations based on detection results of the refrigerant state quantity detecting means.
- Storage means for storing the calculation results, reference values, etc.
- Fig. 3 is a Mollier diagram showing the operation of the refrigeration cycle of the refrigeration cycle device. The horizontal axis is the enthalpy, the vertical axis is pressure, and the numbers of the eaves correspond to those in Fig. 2. The cycle of expansion, evaporation and evaporation is shown. Although not shown in FIG. 2, the condenser 12 and the evaporator 14 are provided with air blowers.
- the compressor 11 is known to be of a scroll type, a rotary type, a reciprocating type, a screw type, etc., but most of the compressors are driven by a motor (not shown) directly connected to a compression mechanism inside the housing. ing.
- This motor includes an induction motor that rotates at a substantially constant speed by commercial power from an AC power supply, and a DC brushless motor that converts commercial power to DC and adjusts the frequency with an inverter to change the rotational speed of the compressor.
- a voltage is applied to the motor that drives the compressor, and a current corresponding to the load is flowing.
- the data collection means 41 is a motor that drives a device that circulates the fluid of the refrigeration cycle device that outputs the physical quantity of the fluid.
- the current that is, the amount of electricity driving the device driving means, is also detected and collected as data.
- the calculating means 18 performs a complex variable calculating process.
- Storage means 19 for storing past data and set threshold values, etc., comparing means 20 for comparing the stored data with the present value, determining means 21 for making a comprehensive judgment based on the comparison result, and outputting for outputting the judgment result.
- Means 22 the output judgment result is displayed on the display means 6, or information is transmitted to the remote monitoring means 5 for monitoring the operation state at a remote place.
- the refrigerant circuit that circulates refrigerant to perform air conditioning such as heating and cooling, and refrigeration and freezing such as refrigerators and freezers, sensors that detect the operating state of this refrigerant circuit, calculations, etc. It is described that the microcomputer and the boards required for the control of the refrigeration cycle are stored in the refrigeration cycle device, the operating state is measured, calculated, compared, evaluated and judged in this device. However, it may be provided in the vicinity of the refrigeration cycle up to the point where measurement is performed by sensors, and may be provided in the remote monitoring room 4 after the calculation 18.
- Refrigerant is sealed in the refrigerant circuit of the refrigeration cycle device 1.
- the refrigerant is compressed and pressurized by the compressor 11 and
- the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant is cooled and liquefied by a liquid cooling method (not shown) such as an air-cooling fan or water-cooling, and is decompressed and expanded by an expansion valve 13 to become a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant.
- a liquid cooling method such as an air-cooling fan or water-cooling
- an expansion valve 13 to become a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant.
- a liquid heat medium not shown
- the vaporized refrigerant returns to the suction side of the compressor 11, and moves to the compression / pressurization step again.
- the air or liquid heat exchanged with the refrigerant in the condenser 12 is heated to a high temperature and used as a heating heat source or heat exchanged with the outside air, and the air or liquid exchanged with the refrigerant in the evaporator 14 is cooled. Cooled at low temperature or used for cooling or refrigeration ⁇ Use as a freezing heat source or exchange heat with the outside air.
- Refrigerants used include natural refrigerants such as carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons and helium; alternative refrigerants such as HFC410A and HFC407C; chlorine-free refrigerants; or R22 and Rl34a used in existing products
- Fluid equipment, such as compressors, that circulate the refrigerant using a chlorofluorocarbon-based refrigerant will be of various types, such as reciprocating, rotary, scroll, and screw.
- the abnormality determination of the present invention can be realized not only for a new product but also for an existing product that is already in operation by adding a missing sensor later.
- the configuration of the data collection means 41 to the output means 22 shown in FIG. 2 describes a method in which each set of means is built in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 as a substrate.
- the function up to the output means 22 may be provided in the computer 5 provided in the remote monitoring room 4 in FIG. Further, the functions may be shared or coexist in both the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 and the computer 5 provided in the remote monitoring room 4. For example, both have storage means 19, and the data in the storage means in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 with a small storage area 1 can be rewritten with the corresponding data in the computer 5 with a large storage capacity. This is an effective method in such cases.
- the function of each means may be provided in either the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 main body or the remote monitoring room 4 as long as the function can be satisfied.
- the measurement amounts collected by the respective detection means of the refrigeration cycle device are the measurement amounts of the pressure and temperature of each part of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit necessary for grasping the operation state of the refrigeration cycle.
- Various data are detected at 16 and collected by the data collection means 41.
- the compressor 11, the condenser 12, the expansion means 13, and the evaporator 14 are connected by piping to form a refrigeration cycle, and the inside of the circulation circuit is formed.
- High-pressure measuring means for measuring the high pressure of the refrigerant at any position in the flow path from the discharge side of the compressor 11 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 to the expansion means 13 or the saturation temperature of the high pressure.
- a high-pressure side measuring means 16a as a condensation temperature measuring means to be measured, and a low-pressure measuring means for measuring a low pressure which is a pressure of a refrigerant in any position of a flow path from the expansion means 13 to the suction side of the compressor 11.
- the low-pressure side measuring means 16b which is an evaporating temperature measuring means for measuring a low-pressure saturation temperature
- the liquid temperature measuring means 38 or compression which measures the temperature at any position in the flow path from the condenser 12 to the expansion means 13.
- Refrigerant temperature measurement means 61 for measuring the temperature at any position in the passage or suction temperature measurement means 62 for measuring the temperature at any position in the flow path from the evaporator 14 to the compressor 11 Means and, as it were, measurement means for measuring the physical quantity of the refrigerant in each part. It should be noted that it is easy to use these measuring means that are usually arranged in the refrigeration cycle, but they can be externally added later if necessary.
- a state quantity representing the characteristics of the data can be obtained by calculation.
- the complex variable is computed by the computing means 18, and a plurality of measured values of each measuring means are regarded as a complex variable, or a characteristic computed value is obtained from a measured quantity and these are regarded as a complex variable. It is stored in storage means 19. By comparing the past value stored in the storage means with the present measured value or the calculated value, it is possible to determine the abnormality of the refrigeration cycle based on the comparison result.
- the pressure is measured using a pressure converter that converts the pressure of the refrigerant into an electric signal, and the temperature is measured using a temperature detecting means such as a thermistor or a thermocouple.
- the pressure and temperature measurement positions are adjusted according to the configuration and operating characteristics of the target refrigeration cycle.
- the refrigeration cycle operation status may be more accurately grasped by changing the position and increasing the measurement position.
- the measurement of the state quantity is performed at a certain fixed interval, for example, a minute unit such as 1 minute or a time unit interval, and the information is transmitted to the data collection unit 41.
- the measurement of the physical quantity of the refrigerant by each measuring means is measured in a state where the physical quantity of the refrigerant is correlated with the fluid that is the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit that is the fluid circuit from which the data is collected, and is measured in the same time period or Data measured in the relevant time zone is used.
- the state quantity can be obtained by calculating from a plurality of measured data.However, in order to treat each measurement data as the same data, the calculation process is performed at the same measurement interval, and the calculation process is performed at regular time intervals. Do. Therefore, the state quantity is obtained from the related data.
- An example of a method of processing a plurality of measured quantities is Mahalanobis' distance and force S, which are generally known.
- the Mahalanobis distance is, for example, a method used in the field of multivariate analysis, which is described in “Easily Understand Multivariate Analysis” published by Tokyo Book Co., Ltd. on October 26, 1992. is there.
- a method of detecting an abnormality of a compressor or the like using the Mahalanobis distance will be described. Except for the final stage such as breakage, insulation short circuit, etc.
- each measurement quantity or state quantity is assigned to a variable X, and m operation state quantities of XI Xm are defined.
- the normal operating condition that is the standard, for example, the condition where the air conditioner is installed and test-run confirmed that it is normal, or the operating condition of XI Xm in the operation of the device that is outputting the set capacity smoothly Collect reference data for a total of n (2 or more) combinations.
- the average value mi and the standard deviation ⁇ i (degree of variation of the reference data) of each of XI—Xm are obtained by the following equations (1) and (2).
- i is the number of items (the number of parameters), and here, it is set to 11 m to indicate the value corresponding to XI-Xm.
- the standard deviation is the square root of the expected value obtained by squaring the difference between the variable and its average value.
- the correlation of XI Xm as the variance-covariance matrix IJ that is, the correlation matrix R indicating the relationship between the variates and And the inverse matrix R-1 of the correlation matrix are defined by the following equation (4).
- k is the number of items (the number of parameters), and here, m.
- i and p indicate the value of each item, and here take a value of 11 m.
- a Mahalanobis distance which is a state quantity indicating a feature, is obtained based on the following equation (5).
- j takes any value from 1 to n and corresponds to each of the n measured values.
- k is the number of items (the number of parameters), and here, m.
- Al l—akk is the coefficient of the inverse matrix of the correlation matrix in the above equation (4).
- the Mahalanobis distance is about 1 in the reference data, that is, in normal operation, and falls below 4; And the distance increases in accordance with the degree of abnormality (the degree of deviation from normal).
- the Mahalanobis distance is used as the dissimilarity required for cluster analysis, that is, the distance, but multivariate analysis methods such as using standardized Euclidean distance, Minkowski distance, and other shortest distance methods and longest distance methods are used. But it's fine. [0047] [Number 5]
- FIGS. Figure 4 shows the relationship with the distance of Mahalanobis on the horizontal axis and the appearance rate on the vertical axis. As shown in the figure, it is possible to determine the position of the calculated Mahalanobis distance with respect to the reference data group, regardless of the number of parameters, and confirm the failure state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus. In the reference data, the average Mahalanobis distance is about 1, and it is 4 or less even when variations are considered.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart for calculating the Mahalanobis distance.
- ST1 the average value, standard deviation of the reference data, the regression of the correlation matrix, and the number of items are set (ST1), and the state quantities measured and calculated during the refrigeration cycle operation are acquired (ST2).
- these acquired data are normalized based on the above equation (3) (ST3), and thereafter, the Mahalanobis distance is set to 0 as an initial value, and the force centers i and j are set to 1 as initial values.
- ST4 the counters i and j are changed up to the number of items k, and the Mahalanobis distance is calculated by repeating the calculation of equation (5) by ST5 to ST7 and dividing the integral obtained by ST8 by the number of items k. By doing so, the distance D 2 between Mahalanobis and the line can be obtained.
- the diagnosis of the refrigerant leakage will be described with reference to FIG. 2, etc., including the operation of the refrigeration cycle and the method of estimating the abnormality.
- the refrigerant amount in the refrigeration cycle will be described.
- the showcases are installed at the food counter, but the number, size, type and arrangement of the showcases vary depending on the store where they are installed.
- the internal volume of the evaporator 14 arranged in the case is also different.
- Ma The locations of the compressor 11, the condenser 12, and the liquid reservoir 35 also differ depending on the structure of the store.For example, they may be installed behind the food counter or on the rooftop, so that the evaporator may be installed.
- the length of the pipes that form the control tower cycle that connects 14 with the compressor 11, the condenser 12, and the liquid reservoir 35 will be different.
- a refrigerant amount appropriate for the internal volume of the refrigeration cycle is required, and if the internal volume of the evaporator and the length of the piping are different, the refrigerant amount required for the entire refrigeration cycle is also required. Because of the difference, the refrigerant of the refrigeration system is charged after installing the equipment on site.
- the required amount of refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle varies depending on the state of the refrigeration cycle, and the state of the refrigeration cycle varies depending on the outside air temperature and the operating state of load-side devices such as showcases.
- the refrigerant is filled with a little more so that the required amount of refrigerant is always distributed to each component such as the condenser and evaporator, and each component of the refrigeration cycle is set to the appropriate amount of refrigerant. After that, the excess refrigerant accumulates in the liquid reservoir 35.
- the amount of refrigerant required by each component device changes every moment depending on the state of the refrigeration plant, and accordingly, the amount of surplus refrigerant in the liquid reservoir 35 also changes. I do. If the amount of refrigerant required by each component of the refrigeration cycle becomes sufficiently large with respect to the amount of refrigerant charged, it becomes impossible to have excess refrigerant in the liquid reservoir 35, and the two-phase mixture of the liquid 35 The refrigerant flows out. If the gas is slightly mixed, the liquid is liquefied by supercooling means 37 (including cooling of the liquid pipe by ambient air) and heat exchange in the liquid pipe heat exchange means 37b through the branch path expansion means 37a.
- supercooling means 37 including cooling of the liquid pipe by ambient air
- a liquid reservoir 35 for storing the surplus refrigerant is provided, and the refrigerant is charged in consideration of the fluctuation of the refrigerant amount required by the refrigeration cycle.
- refrigerant leakage from the cooling cycle may occur.
- the amount of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle gradually decreases, and eventually the refrigerant enters an uncooled state.
- the refrigerant liquid level in the liquid reservoir 35 is at a sufficient height, so that the refrigeration cycle does not change. This is the first step. Then, as the refrigerant leaks, the liquid level in the liquid reservoir 35 falls, and the refrigerant flowing out of the liquid reservoir 35 becomes a two-phase refrigerant mixed with gas. ) And liquefies, and the refrigerant returns to liquid refrigerant before reaching the expansion means, so that the cooling performance is sufficiently secured. This is the second stage.
- the amount of gas mixed into the refrigerant flowing out of the liquid reservoir 35 increases, and the cooling capacity of the supercooling means 37 (including cooling of the liquid pipe by ambient air) cannot be sufficient.
- the gas-mixed two-phase refrigerant flows into the expansion means, and the required cooling capacity cannot be obtained, resulting in an uncooled state. This is the stage where the air conditioner or refrigeration system becomes useless, and this is the third stage. Even if a refrigerant leak is found at this stage, it is already too late, so it is necessary to detect the refrigerant leak at the first or second stage.
- a special sensor for measuring the liquid level in the liquid reservoir 35 is indispensable and cannot be applied to the existing machine, and differs for each product. Become. However, since the purpose here is to detect refrigerant leakage that is practical, inexpensive and can be used in standard refrigeration equipment, the refrigerant in the second stage is not necessary in the first stage. Consider a way to detect leaks. In the second stage, since the refrigerant flowing into the supercooling means 37 is a two-phase refrigerant, the cooling capacity of the supercooling means 37 is lower than in the case of the complete liquid refrigerant, and the cooling capacity at the inlet of the expansion means 13 is reduced.
- the subcooling (degree of supercooling) of the refrigerant is smaller than when there is no refrigerant leakage or in the first stage of refrigerant leakage. Therefore, if a change in the subcool (difference between the condensing temperature and the liquid tube temperature) can be detected, refrigerant leakage can be specified.
- the amount of heat exchange in the condenser 12 differs when the outside air temperature differs.
- the ambient air temperature of the evaporator 14 built in the load-side device such as a showcase or a refrigerator is constantly controlled by opening and closing the flow path opening / closing means 36 and opening degree of the expansion means 13.
- the compressor 11 performs capacity control, number control or ON / OFF control so that the refrigeration cycle operates normally.
- each state quantity of the refrigeration cycle changes in correlation with each other.
- Each state variable of the refrigeration cycle such as subcool (difference between condensing temperature and liquid tube temperature), changes.
- the subcooling (difference between the condensing temperature and the liquid pipe temperature) of the refrigeration cycle depends on the amount of heat exchange in the condenser 12, the control state of the flow path opening / closing means 36 and the expansion means 13, and the control state of the compressor 11
- the state quantity of other refrigeration cycles other than subcooling, such as high pressure and low pressure, is also affected by the amount of heat exchange in the condenser 12, the flow path opening / closing means 36 and the like. It changes depending on any of the control state of the expansion means 13, the control state of the compressor 11, and the amount of refrigerant leakage.
- Equation 1 The average value and standard deviation (variation degree of data) of each of XI X3 have already been described in Equations 1 and 2.
- Equation 3 the original XI-X3, which is normalized as shown in Equation 3, is converted to xl-x3.
- j takes one of the values up to 111 and corresponds to each of the n measured values.
- Equation 4 the correlation matrix R indicating the correlation between xl—x3 and the inverse matrix R—1 of the correlation matrix are obtained.
- Data can be treated as an aggregate having a certain distribution by means of a matrix showing the average value, standard deviation, and correlation. This collection of data is called a unit space.
- the unit space for the normal state which is the base of the judgment, here, the state without refrigerant leakage, is called a reference space. Further, data constituting the reference space is referred to as reference data.
- the Mahalanobis distance D2 is defined by Equation 5. Note that j in the equation takes any value up to 111 and corresponds to each of the n measured values. K is the number of items (the number of parameters), which is 3 here. Also, al l—akk is the coefficient of the inverse matrix of the correlation matrix, and the Mahalanobis distance is about 1 in the reference space, that is, when there is no refrigerant leakage.
- the high pressure XI, the low pressure X2, and the subcool (difference between the condensing temperature and the liquid pipe temperature) X3 corresponding to the refrigerant leakage amount to be detected are measured, and the Mahalanobis distance in the refrigerant leakage state is obtained as described above, and these are stored as threshold values. I do.
- the inverse matrix of the correlation matrix used is a value obtained in a state where there is no refrigerant leakage serving as a reference.
- FIG. 6 shows the concept of the Mahalanobis distance.
- Figure 6 shows the correlation between the two parameters, with the high pressure on the horizontal axis and the subcool (difference between the condensation temperature and the liquid tube temperature) on the vertical axis. That is, the higher the high pressure, the greater the subcool.
- Each measurement data varies depending on the operating conditions and control of the equipment, but has a correlation between the high pressure and the subcool, and falls within a certain range when there is no refrigerant leakage. Create a reference space using data. In each of the other state variables, there is a correlation like this high pressure and subcool. Then, for the reference space (reference data), whether the data to be determined is normal or abnormal is determined based on the Mahalanobis distance.
- the Mahalanobis distance and its appearance ratio are normal depending on the positional relationship of the calculated Mahalanobis distance with respect to the reference space regardless of the number of parameters. Or abnormal.
- the Mahalanobis distance has an average of approximately 1 and has a characteristic of being 4 or less even if variations are considered.
- the actual machine is provided with a measuring means for measuring each measured amount of the refrigeration system, and these measured values are processed by the above equation to obtain a state quantity, thereby obtaining a Mahalanobis distance.
- the magnitude of the Mahalanobis distance corresponds to the refrigerant leakage amount, and the refrigerant leakage can be known from the magnitude of the Mahalanobis distance.
- the threshold value for judging the refrigerant leakage is set to an appropriate value larger than 4, for example, 50.
- the threshold value is set to a value corresponding to the amount of refrigerant in the second stage of refrigerant leakage before the refrigeration cycle becomes uncooled.
- the horizontal axis indicates the amount of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit
- the vertical axis indicates Mahalanobis distance. That is, this is an example showing the relationship between the refrigerant leakage amount and the Mahalanobis distance in the actual machine.
- a reference space was created using this data under normal conditions with no refrigerant leakage.
- the triangle indicating a drop in the liquid level is the first stage of the refrigerant leakage described above, and the two-phase outflow indicated by a square. Indicates the second stage, and “immediately before uncooling” indicates a third stage.
- the Mahalanobis distance in the first stage of refrigerant leakage and no refrigerant leakage, but it can be seen that the Mahalanobis distance gradually increases as the stages proceed to the second and third stages. In this case, it was not possible to distinguish between the normal state and the first stage because the feature values were set to high pressure, low pressure, and subcool.However, a sensor that can detect changes in the liquid level in the liquid reservoir (amount of refrigerant in the liquid reservoir) was installed. It is also known that when the amount of refrigerant in the reservoir is added to the characteristic value, the Mahalanobis distance changes between the normal state and the first stage, and the normal state and the first stage can be distinguished. Therefore, the normal range can be set more strictly by increasing the amount of measurement.
- a failure can be predicted by detecting this intermediate stage and estimating the time required for the failure, thereby ensuring highly reliable operation of equipment and devices.
- an intermediate stage for example, a characteristic deterioration phenomenon of an electric component or the like may be captured, or a deterioration such as a partial abnormal contact of a mechanical component or a change in surface roughness may be captured.
- the average value and standard deviation of the reference data, the regression of the correlation matrix 1J, the number of items are set (ST61), and the Mahalanobis distance threshold is set (ST62).
- high pressure, low pressure, and liquid tube temperature are measured, and a subcool is calculated from the high pressure and the liquid tube temperature (ST63), and the high pressure, low pressure, and subcool are sequentially placed in XI-X3 (ST64).
- the data is normalized by the equation 9 shown above (ST65), and the distance of the Mahalanobis is set to the initial value of 0, and the counters i and j are set to the initial value of 1 (ST66).
- each of the counters i and j is changed until the number of items reaches k, and the calculation of Equation 5 is performed (ST67-ST70).
- the above calculation is performed by the calculation means.
- the calculated Mahalanobis distance is compared with the threshold value by the comparing means, and it is determined by the determining means whether the Mahalanobis distance exceeds the threshold value (ST71), and if YES, a refrigerant leak has occurred.
- the output is considered to be output to the output means, for example, a refrigerant leak is indicated or a voltage is output (ST72).
- refrigerant leakage is estimated based on three measured quantities or state quantities of high pressure, low pressure, and subcool (difference between condensing temperature and liquid pipe temperature) of the refrigeration cycle.
- the condensation temperature condenser saturation temperature
- the evaporation temperature evaporator saturation temperature
- the detection accuracy can be improved by obtaining the Mahalanobis distance using more than three state quantities.
- the liquid pipe temperature detecting means 38 has been described as an example in which the liquid pipe temperature detecting means is installed at the outlet pipe of the supercooling means, but is not limited to this. Has the effect of However, the larger the subcool (difference between the condensation temperature and the liquid pipe temperature) at the position where the liquid pipe temperature detection means is installed, the higher the accuracy of refrigerant leak detection. It is more preferable to install it as close as possible.
- the Mahalanobis distance may be directly output as the refrigerant leakage amount.
- the D value find the D value corresponding to the limit refrigerant leakage, and associate it with the maximum output voltage, for example, 5V.
- a method is also conceivable in which the output value 22 is output from the output means 22 in correspondence with the D value and the voltage from the small leakage amount, the medium leakage amount, the large leakage amount to the limit refrigerant leakage amount.
- FIG. 9 shows the configuration of the refrigeration cycle apparatus as in FIG. 2, and a voltage indicating the level of the amount of leakage is output from the output means 22 as shown in the figure.
- the Mahalanobis distance described so far is a value proportional to the square of the Mahalanobis distance
- the force D value which is a value proportional to the square of the deviation of each state variable, is a value proportional to the deviation of each state variable. It is a value that is easy to handle to correspond to etc.
- Fig. 10 is a graph in which the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents D value (square root of Mahalanobis distance), and shows the transition of the D value over time from the normal state when a certain abnormality occurs.
- the D value is 2 or less in a normal state, and the D value gradually changes to a larger value with time in response to a certain abnormality as shown in the figure. Therefore, the time to failure can be estimated from the relationship between the increasing tendency of the D value and the failure threshold, and the equipment stops abnormally by performing appropriate maintenance before the estimated failure time. Can be prevented beforehand.
- the D value changes in a non-proportional manner, for example, if the rate of increase of the D value in the last week has increased, the failure time is predicted using the change rate of the D value in the last week. By doing so, more accurate failure prediction can be performed.
- the same can be said by using the Mahalanobis distance instead of the D value.
- the tendency of increase means that the increase must be monotonic, not necessarily a small increase, but a decrease, except for a decrease, as a whole. Then, based on the prediction of the time when the refrigerant leakage reaches the limit amount, the timing at which the refrigerant leakage amount reaches the limit amount may be output from the output means as a voltage.
- FIG. 11 shows a configuration diagram of another refrigeration cycle.
- Fig. 11 has the same configuration as Fig. 2 and Fig. 9, but from output means 22, the distance is within 1 day for 5V, within 1 week for 3V, within 1 month for IV, and as long as there is no refrigerant leakage for OV. It is possible to set the state of refrigerant leakage in proportion to time.
- a Mahalanobis distance as a method of capturing a plurality of state quantities as an aggregate, other multivariate analysis and calculation of a plurality of correlated detection data are performed. Alternatively, a method of obtaining the same may be used. As another method, for example, a method of calculating the heat exchange amount in the supercooling means can be considered. Based on the configuration diagram of FIG. 2, a method of making a determination based on a state quantity that is a calculation result that is not a distance will be described.
- the amount of heat exchange in the supercooling means 37 depends on the flow rate and temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit, that is, the refrigerant flowing through the flow path opening / closing means 36 and the expansion means 13, and flowing through the branch path.
- the flow rate and temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit are GMR and TMR
- the flow rate and temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the branch are GBR and TBR
- the heat exchange amount in the liquid pipe heat exchange means 37b is QSC.
- the heat transfer area of 37b is ASC and the heat transfer coefficient is KSC, the following equation is simply established.
- the heat transfer area ASC is a constant, and the heat transfer rate KSC does not change so much, but becomes larger as the flow rate of the refrigerant increases.
- the temperature TMR of the refrigerant in the main circuit is a liquid pipe temperature detected by the liquid pipe temperature detecting means 38 and has a strong correlation with a condensation temperature which is a high-pressure saturation temperature detected by the high-pressure detecting means 16a.
- the temperature TBR of the refrigerant in the branch passage is an evaporation temperature which is a low-pressure saturation temperature detected by the low-pressure detecting means 16b.
- the heat exchange amount QSC in the liquid tube heat exchange means 37b changes according to the difference between the condensing temperature and the evaporation temperature, and the larger the difference, the greater the relationship.
- the refrigerant flowing into the liquid tube heat exchange means 37b is usually a liquid, but when the refrigerant leaks and decreases, it enters a two-phase state, and most of the heat is used to condense the two-phase refrigerant. Therefore, the subcool (difference between the condensing temperature and the liquid pipe temperature) at the outlet of the liquid pipe heat exchange means 37b is reduced.
- the subcool (or liquid tube temperature) in the normal state is determined by comparing the high pressure (or the condensation temperature) and the low pressure (or the evaporation temperature) or the difference between the high and low pressures (or the difference between the condensation temperature and the evaporation temperature).
- the refrigerant leakage can be detected by observing the change. That is, a change in a specific parameter or the like may be extracted and output without depending on the Mahalanobis distance described above.
- any method may be used for the refrigerant flowing in the refrigeration cycle of the refrigeration apparatus, for example, a single-component refrigerant such as R22 or R32, or a mixed refrigerant having a three-component system such as R407C.
- a mixed refrigerant composed of two components such as R410A, a natural refrigerant such as HC refrigerant such as propane, and C02 can be used.
- Refrigerant which has a bad effect on global environmental protection, can be replaced if the leakage starts even a little.
- Combustible refrigerant leakage By displaying the safety limit values defined in the standards, etc., can be dealt with before a problem occurs.
- flammable refrigerants--Refrigerants that use refrigerants containing a small amount of flammable components, such as propane, R32 and R410A, and refrigerants that are harmful to the human body, are harmful to refrigerant leakage in terms of safety.
- refrigerant leak is detected and output as an electric signal such as a voltage or a communication code, priority is given to output of an abnormality of another refrigeration apparatus, thereby greatly improving safety.
- FIG. 12 shows a configuration diagram of another refrigeration cycle apparatus.
- the output means 22 is connected to the alarm 54 as a voltage output or a current output, and issues an alarm by sound or light, so that a refrigerant leak can be notified early. Since the alarm 54 is provided in the office 53, it is possible to know immediately if a leak occurs. According to this configuration, even if the fluid is a flammable gas or a liquid harmful to the human body, for example, a chemical substance, the leak can be detected by the alarm at an early stage while the influence is limited.
- the force S described using a refrigeration apparatus having a liquid reservoir and a liquid tube temperature detecting means as an example, no matter what the load-side equipment is, if the refrigeration cycle is similar, the same applies to the refrigeration cycle. Since an abnormality can be determined, it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to an air conditioner having a mechanism for storing excess refrigerant at a high or intermediate pressure. In addition to the refrigeration cycle, for example, even in the case of fluids in chemical manufacturing equipment or fuel storage, multiple measured quantities such as physical quantities of related fluids are detected, and these variables are used to compare the normal and abnormal times as the calculated state quantities. If this is the case, abnormalities can be determined early.
- FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of another refrigeration cycle. The same can be said for an air conditioner having an accumulator 10, a discharge temperature detecting means 61, and a suction temperature detecting means 62 as shown in FIG.
- the surplus refrigerant is stored in the accumulator 10
- the refrigerant flowing out of the accumulator 10 becomes a saturated gas refrigerant, and the force S
- the refrigerant leaks and the amount of the surplus refrigerant decreases and the refrigerant level in the accumulator falls below the position of the outlet pipe of the accumulator, the refrigerant gas flows out of the accumulator.
- the suction temperature 62 or the discharge temperature 61 of the detection means becomes higher, the same processing as described above is performed using the high pressure or the condensation temperature, the low pressure or the evaporation temperature, the suction temperature or the discharge temperature as a characteristic amount, and the refrigerant Judgment of leakage Wear.
- refrigerant leakage can be determined by performing the same processing as above using the high pressure or condensation temperature, the low pressure or evaporation temperature, and the liquid tube temperature as the characteristic amounts.
- the discharge temperature since the discharge temperature also decreases, the discharge temperature may be selected as the characteristic amount.
- the refrigerant cycle has been described as an example of the refrigeration cycle abnormality, but the behavior of the refrigeration cycle at the time of occurrence of the abnormality can be predicted by a simple calculation for other abnormalities. Can be determined.
- the abnormalities here include not only failures of the equipment but also changes over time such as deterioration of the equipment, and any abnormality that changes the operating state can be detected.
- 14 and 15 are configuration diagrams of another refrigeration cycle device. In the refrigeration system having the liquid reservoir 35 shown in FIG. 14 and the air conditioner having the accumulator shown in FIG. 15, deterioration due to the life of the compressor 11 and liquid back, heat exchange in the condenser 12 and the evaporator 14 are performed.
- Strainer 49a which removes dirt and damage on the surface of the heat exchanger of the heat exchanger, deterioration and failure of the air blower 45 of the condenser 12 and the air blower 46a of the evaporator, and debris inside the fluid circulating refrigerant.
- Clogged dryer 49b to prevent refrigerant moisture, broken or broken or clogged piping, deterioration of refrigerating machine oil used in compressor 11 (Detected by clogging of piping, poor lubrication of compressor, change in heat transfer, etc. ) Can be detected and determined by the same configuration.
- the unit space for calculation is composed of an average value, a standard deviation, and a correlation coefficient of each feature amount, and these are stored in a memory on a substrate in the refrigeration cycle apparatus. When learning all or some of these with an actual machine, they must be stored in a rewritable memory.
- the unit space it is possible to grasp the intermediate stage, such as the distance between normal and abnormal. By providing this intermediate stage, it is possible to catch the gradually changing characteristics such as the refrigerant leakage already described, and to predict a failure.
- Diagnosis can be made to accurately distinguish the degree of an abnormal state, which is a failure in the middle stage, which is not divisible by the normal state and the fault state, such as defective connected equipment, expansion or deformation due to high temperature, and operation failure due to low temperature.
- the high-pressure measuring means for measuring the high pressure of the refrigeration cycle apparatus or the condensing temperature measuring means for measuring the high-pressure saturation temperature
- the low-pressure measuring means for measuring the low pressure
- An evaporation temperature measuring means for measuring a low-pressure saturation temperature, a liquid temperature measuring means, a discharge temperature measuring means, or a suction temperature measuring means, and an arithmetic means for obtaining a composite variable from these measured values
- Storage means for storing measured values or calculated values such as complex variables calculated from them
- comparing means for comparing comparing a value previously stored by the storage means with a current measured value or calculated value
- the presentation data measuring means such as temperature measurement may be replaced with another kind, for example, by changing the measurement data to be taken into a compound variable that can be used even with the power supply current of a driving motor, or by using more measurement data as a compound variable. The accuracy will be further improved.
- the degree of abnormality such as the amount of refrigerant leaking in the refrigeration cycle is calculated by the calculation means, and the value of the degree of power is predicted to reach an abnormal limit at which a predetermined cooling capacity can be maintained. Abnormalities can be found early. Further, by providing an output means for outputting a time when the predicted abnormality limit is reached by an electric signal such as voltage or current, the discovered abnormality can be transmitted early.
- the refrigerant is a refrigerant that contains a considerable amount of flammable components, and by connecting an alarm that emits an alarm with sound or light to the output means, it is possible to transmit an abnormality such as deterioration that has been discovered, at an early stage. .
- the abnormality of the refrigeration cycle apparatus can be grasped to some extent by changing the distance of the Mahalanobis or the D value.
- a method of identifying the cause of an abnormality and estimating the degree of abnormality or normality Is described.
- a description will be given mainly of a refrigerant leak in a refrigeration apparatus having a liquid reservoir.
- the first reason is that there are various kinds of abnormalities.
- a reference space is created for a normal state where no abnormality has occurred.
- the distance or D value of Mahalanobis takes a small value, so that an abnormal state, that is, an abnormality can be grasped by the change.
- abnormalities include refrigerant leakage, liquid back to the compressor, contamination of the condenser and evaporator, deterioration and failure of the condenser and evaporator air blower, clogging of the piping and dryer or strainer, and breakage of the piping.
- There are a wide variety of things such as breakage, clogging, and deterioration of refrigerator oil, and any of these causes the Mahalanobis distance and D value to increase. Therefore, it is difficult to identify the cause of the abnormality by looking only at the Mahalanobis distance or D value.
- the second reason is that it does not represent the distance of Mahalanobis or the value S of the D value or the degree of abnormality itself. If the cause of the abnormality could be inferred from the Mahalanobis distance or D value, an increase in that value certainly indicates that the degree of abnormality is increasing. However, for example, taking a refrigerant leak as an example, it is not clear from the value of the Mahalanobis distance alone what percentage of the refrigerant leaks when the Mahalanobis distance is 10. In order to identify this, for example, the correspondence between the Mahalanobis distance and the degree of abnormality must be clarified, for example, the Mahalanobis distance 50 is the limit refrigerant leakage amount. . However, it is very difficult to reproduce and quantify all abnormalities in advance.
- the third reason is that some installation work is performed locally, such as a refrigeration cycle apparatus.
- a refrigeration cycle apparatus For example, taking the refrigeration equipment installed in a supermarket as an example, the refrigeration equipment and the showcase are not necessarily made by the same maker. Yes, how many are connected, I can't figure out.
- the distance between the refrigeration system and the showcase is completely different depending on whether the store is a one-story store or in a building with many floors. Since the lengths of the extension pipes to be connected are different, the amount of refrigerant to be charged is also different. Therefore, the refrigerant of the refrigeration system needs to connect the refrigeration system, After connection, the volume is filled such that the refrigeration cycle operates properly.
- the reference space created without refrigerant leakage cannot be created at the factory shipment stage of the refrigeration equipment, but must be created after the system is connected on site. Therefore, it becomes increasingly difficult to correlate the Mahalanobis distance or D value with the amount of refrigerant leakage.
- FIG. 16 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle device, 16a is high-pressure detecting means, 16b is low-pressure detecting means, 38 is liquid pipe temperature detecting means, 61 is discharge temperature detecting means, and 62 is suction temperature detecting means.
- the subcool is calculated from the detecting means 16a and the liquid pipe temperature detecting means 38, and the superheat is calculated from the low pressure detecting means 16b and the suction temperature detecting means 62.
- Others are the same as those described in FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the relationship between the reference space and the abnormal space obtained from the Mahalanobis distance.
- the reference space indicates the unit space corresponding to the normal state of the refrigeration cycle device
- the abnormal spaces 1 to 3 indicate the unit spaces corresponding to the states when different abnormal causes occur, respectively.
- Space 4 shows the unit space corresponding to the case where the same cause of abnormality as in abnormal space 1 occurs and the degree of abnormality is smaller than that in abnormal space 1.
- the unit space can be treated as an aggregate with a certain distribution by means of a matrix showing the mean, standard deviation, and correlation. This is called a unit space.
- the following describes an example of a refrigerant leak in a refrigeration apparatus.
- the refrigerating apparatus when a refrigerant leak occurs, the presence of the liquid reservoir 35 causes three states from the first stage to the third stage according to the amount of leakage as described above. Conceivable. Then, in the second stage, the high pressure and the low pressure hardly change, and only the subcool becomes small. Therefore, only the average value of the subcool is processed into a small value out of the matrix representing the correlation between the high pressure, the low pressure, the average value of the subcool, the standard deviation, and the state quantity stored in the normal state, and these are processed as the abnormal space 1.
- the subcool in the refrigerant leakage state is set to be 0.2 times the normal value. In this way, there is a unit section called an abnormal space 1 for the refrigerant leakage in consideration of the data distribution.
- the reference space is a matrix that represents the correlation between the average value, standard deviation, and each state quantity of all data necessary for discriminating each abnormality, as shown in Fig. 17 and already described.
- ST83 the state at the time of occurrence of each abnormality is estimated, and data in the reference space is forcibly processed to create an abnormal space (ST83).
- the distance (D value) between the reference space and each abnormal space is calculated and stored as an initial D value (ST84).
- the distance may be the Mahalanobis distance, but the D value, which is the primary value, is easier to handle, so the D value is used here.
- each data is measured from time to time (ST85), and after normalizing these data (ST86), the D value (square root of Mahalanobis distance) for each abnormal space is calculated (ST87). Then, the occurrence probability of each abnormality is calculated using the following equation (8) (ST88).
- the subscripts in the following equation indicate the values for each abnormal space
- FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining the result of actually performing a refrigerant leak test of the refrigerating apparatus according to the above-described operation processing flowchart of FIG. 18, and the horizontal axis indicates the elapsed time of the refrigerating cycle apparatus operation.
- an empty cylinder was connected to the refrigeration system via a valve, and the valve was operated to simulate the leakage of the refrigerant by gradually collecting the refrigerant in the cylinder. The distance shown on the vertical axis in Fig.
- the abnormal space is created in advance by imagining the state of refrigerant leakage. From this figure, as the time on the horizontal axis elapses and the amount of refrigerant leakage increases, the distance from the reference space increases, and the distance from the abnormal space created by refrigerant leakage decreases, as shown in Fig. 19 (3). It can be seen that as the probability of occurrence of refrigerant leakage increases, it can be determined that the abnormality is refrigerant leakage.
- the D value and the probability of occurrence of anomaly fluctuate in the figure, because the refrigerator performs automatic control to stabilize the temperature on the load side. Also, refrigerant leakage can be detected.
- the data is described as if all of the five data of high pressure, low pressure, discharge temperature, superheat, and subcool were described.
- some refrigeration cycle devices are provided with high-pressure maintaining means because if the high pressure is too low, it is not desirable in terms of equipment reliability. In this case, whether or not the high-pressure maintaining means works in summer when the high pressure is high and in winter when the high pressure is low, the operation of the refrigeration cycle differs. Therefore, if the same reference space and anomalous space are used throughout the year, the accuracy of anomaly discrimination may deteriorate. In such a case, it is advisable to have multiple reference spaces and anomalous spaces each year, and use these differently according to the seasons, as shown in Fig.
- FIG. 20 is an illustration of using multiple reference spaces. It should be noted that this season may be properly used depending on the outside air temperature, but the actual machine often does not have the outside air temperature detecting means. In such a case, judging from the detected high pressure range, which reference space is used. Use it properly or not.
- the vertical axis represents the outside air temperature and the horizontal axis represents the passage of time throughout the year.
- the reference space when installed in winter is 1 and the reference space when the outside air temperature is hot in summer is 4. The description describes that a plurality of reference spaces are provided according to changes in the outside air temperature.
- the refrigerating device having a liquid reservoir has been described.
- a method for estimating an abnormal state is not described.
- the same method can be used to detect the occurrence of abnormalities such as refrigerant leakage, predict abnormal limit times, and determine the cause of abnormalities.
- any other devices can be applied as long as they constitute the refrigeration cycle, and the same effects can be obtained. Since the cause of the abnormality can be determined, the priority of countermeasures can be determined in advance according to the cause of the abnormality.
- the measurement should be high pressure, low pressure, subcool or super cool. At the heat or discharge temperature, these aggregates are obtained as characteristic quantities, ie as state quantities. At this time, since the surplus refrigerant only remains inside the condenser, the measured physical quantity of the entire refrigeration cycle changes depending on the amount of refrigerant in the circuit. At this time, if the refrigerant leaks, all the state quantities are affected, and the determination is made including the overall change.
- Fig. 21 is a block diagram of another remote monitoring system
- 11 is a compressor
- 12 is a condenser
- 35 is a liquid reservoir
- 37 is a supercooling means
- 36 is a flow path opening / closing means
- 13 is an expansion means
- 14 are evaporators, which are connected by pipes and allow a refrigerant to flow inside, and constitute a refrigeration cycle in the same manner as the others in FIG.
- One or a plurality of compressors 11, flow passage opening / closing means 36, expansion means 13, and evaporators 14 are installed, a condenser 12 is installed in a machine room or outdoors, and an evaporator 14 is, for example, a showcase. It is built in.
- 16a is high pressure detection means
- 16b is low pressure detection means
- 38 is liquid pipe temperature detection means
- 41 is data collection means
- 18 is arithmetic means
- 19 is storage means
- 20 is comparison means
- 21 is judgment means
- 22 is judgment means.
- Output means, 55 is data transmission / reception means
- 56 is a network or a public line.
- Refrigeration cycle abnormalities that can be detected by the configuration in Fig. 21 include physical quantities of fluids, compressors, fans, etc., as long as the operating state changes, such as failure or deterioration (aging) of various devices. It can be detected from the steady data of the driving current of the driving motor. For example, deterioration due to the life of the compressor, liquid back, dirt or damage to the condenser or evaporator, deterioration or failure of the blower of the condenser or evaporator, clogging of the strainer / dryer, broken or broken piping Clogging, deterioration of refrigerating machine oil (clogging of piping, poor lubrication of compressor, heat transfer Can be detected and determined. Further, by transmitting the detected data via the data transmission / reception means 55 and the network 56, monitoring can be easily performed at a maintenance center where a centralized monitoring device is placed.
- the abnormality can be remotely performed without going to the site. Since the cause can be identified, preparations can be made in advance to the site, and the time until recovery can be shortened. For example, when a refrigerant leak occurs, it can be known remotely, so that refrigerant cylinders and maintenance tools can be prepared and dispatched to the site.
- the calculation means 18, the storage means 19, the comparison means 20, the determination means 21, and the output means 22 are grouped into one force as if they were separate.
- all of these functions can be implemented using computer software, and the output in this case can be output from an external display such as a display or hard disk. It is made on a storage medium and can be displayed.
- the unit space is composed of an average value, a standard deviation, and a correlation coefficient of each feature amount.
- these are stored in a memory on a substrate of a refrigeration cycle device or in a remote location. It is stored in the installed personal computer.
- the data that does not need to be learned may be stored in either the memory on the board of the refrigeration cycle device or the personal computer, but the data that needs to be learned is Store it on your computer's hard disk.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the present invention is configured such that a compressor, a condenser, expansion means, and an evaporator are connected by piping, and a refrigerant is circulated therein to form a refrigeration cycle, and expansion is performed from the discharge side of the compressor.
- High-pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure of the refrigerant, that is, high pressure, at any point in the flow path leading to the means, or condensation temperature measuring means for measuring the high-pressure saturation temperature; and any flow path from the expansion means to the suction side of the compressor.
- a low-pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure of the refrigerant at a certain position, that is, a low pressure, or an evaporating temperature measuring means for measuring a low-pressure saturation temperature, and a liquid temperature for measuring the temperature at any position in the flow path leading to the condenser power expanding means.
- Measuring means or compressor Discharge temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature of any position of the flow path from the evaporator to the compressor, or suction temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature of any position of the flow path from the evaporator to the compressor.
- Calculation means for calculating complex variables from the measured values of high-pressure measuring means or condensing temperature measuring means, low-pressure measuring means or evaporating temperature measuring means, liquid temperature measuring means or discharge temperature measuring means or suction temperature measuring means, and measurement of each measuring means
- Storage means for storing values or calculated values such as complex variables calculated from them; comparing means for comparing values previously stored by the storage means with current measured or calculated values; And a judgment means for judging the abnormality of the refrigeration cycle, and a highly reliable device with a simple configuration can be obtained.
- the abnormality of the refrigeration cycle determined by the determination means is a refrigerant leak, and a device with high environmental protection and high safety can be obtained. Also, there is a means for extracting and learning the state of normal operation of the refrigeration cycle device from the measured values of each measuring means stored in the storage means or the calculated values calculated from them, so that reliable failure diagnosis can be performed. Is possible.
- the content learned by the learning means includes a numerical value representing a correlation between a plurality of state quantities of the refrigeration cycle.
- any one of the measured values of each measuring means stored in the storage means of the present invention or one of the calculated values calculated from them is forcibly converted to another value, and after the conversion, the complex variable is converted.
- a new calculation is performed, and the newly calculated composite variable is set as a threshold value for the determination means to determine the refrigerant leakage, so that the refrigerant leakage condition can be easily set.
- the value to be converted to another value includes the value measured by the liquid temperature measuring means or the value obtained by calculating the measured value.
- the value to be converted to another value may be one, or two or more.
- the degree of abnormality of the refrigeration cycle is determined, and the limit time at which the refrigeration cycle cannot continue stable operation is predicted. I can do it.
- the amount of refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle or the amount of refrigerant leakage or an operation value equivalent thereto is calculated by the operation means, and the calculated amount of refrigerant leakage or the operation force corresponding thereto can maintain the previously stored cooling capacity.
- It is provided with an output means for predicting the time when the refrigerant reaches the limit refrigerant amount, and outputting the predicted limit time in the form of an electric signal such as the magnitude of a voltage or a current.
- the output means outputs an electric signal.
- the voltage output or the current output according to the degree of abnormality that maximizes the limit abnormality amount that can maintain the predetermined cooling capacity enables anyone to know the state of the abnormality and facilitates maintenance.
- the refrigeration cycle device of the present invention constitutes a refrigeration cycle by connecting a compressor, a condenser, an expansion means, and an evaporator with piping, and circulating a refrigerant inside the refrigeration cycle.
- High pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure of the refrigerant, that is, high pressure, at any position in the flow path from the discharge side of the compressor to the expansion means, or condensing temperature measurement for measuring the saturation temperature of the high pressure.
- Liquid temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature at any position in the flow path from the compressor to the expansion means, or discharge temperature measuring means or evaporator for measuring the temperature at any position in the flow path from the compressor to the condenser Of the flow path from Inhalation temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature at any position, storage means for storing the measured value of each measuring means or a calculated value calculated from them, and the value stored in the past by the storage means and the current measured value Or comparing means for comparing the calculated value with the calculated value, calculating means for calculating the amount of refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle or the amount of refrigerant leakage or a calculated value corresponding thereto, and outputting an abnormality of the refrigeration cycle as an electric signal or as a communication code with others.
- An output means for communication is provided, and when a refrigerant leak is detected, the output is given priority over other refrigeration cycle abnormalities, so safe operation is possible with simple equipment regardless of the refrigerant used. It is.
- the output means is a voltage output or a current output so that an alarm that issues an alarm by sound or light can be connected to this output means.
- the device diagnostic apparatus of the present invention includes means for storing a measured value or a calculated value of a measured force when the device is operating normally, and a state variable or state in an abnormal state in which the device is abnormal.
- a means for estimating the normal state, abnormal state, degree of abnormality, or cause of the abnormality from the change in the distance from the state and the distance from the abnormal state is provided, so that accurate diagnosis can be performed.
- a plurality of abnormal states are defined for one cause of abnormality according to the degree of abnormality of the device, and the degree of abnormality of the device is estimated from a change in the distance between the current operating state of the device and the plurality of abnormal states.
- the degree of abnormality of the device is estimated from a change in the distance between the current operating state of the device and the plurality of abnormal states.
- the remote monitoring system includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion means, and an evaporator, which are connected to each other by a pipe and through which a refrigerant flows to form a refrigeration cycle.
- a high-pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure of the refrigerant at any position in the flow path from the discharge side to the expansion means, that is, a high pressure, or a condensation temperature measuring means for measuring a high-pressure saturation temperature;
- Low pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure of the refrigerant at any position in the flow path, i.e., low pressure, or evaporation temperature measuring means for measuring the low pressure saturation temperature, and either the flow path from the condenser to the expansion means
- Either the liquid temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature at the position of the discharge or the discharge temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature at the position of the flow path from the compressor to the condenser or the flow path to the compressor To measure the temperature at Temperature measurement means, and obtains a complex variable from the measured value of the measured value
- Calculating means storing means for storing the measured values of each measuring means or calculated values such as complex variables calculated from them, and comparing the values stored in the past by the storing means with the present measured values or calculated values.
- a means for judging an abnormality in the refrigeration cycle based on the comparison result are provided in the vicinity of the refrigeration cycle apparatus or remotely via a network or a public line, and the measured data or the calculated value is calculated via the network or the public line. Since the system is configured to transmit any problem, it is easy to cope with any problems and it is effective to continue driving.
- a compressor, a condenser, expansion means, and an evaporator are connected by pipes, and a refrigerant containing at least a flammable component is circulated inside the pipe to constitute a refrigeration cycle.
- High-pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure of the refrigerant, that is, high pressure, at any position in the flow path from the discharge side of the compressor to the expansion means, or condensation temperature measuring means for measuring the high-pressure saturation temperature;
- Liquid temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature at any position in the flow path to the outlet, or discharge temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature at any position in the flow path from the compressor to the condenser, or from the evaporator to the compressor
- a storage means for connecting the suction temperature measurement means for measuring the temperature at any of the positions and storing the measured value of each measurement means or a calculated value calculated from them, and a value previously stored by the storage means
- Means for comparing the amount of refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle or the amount of refrigerant leakage or an operation value equivalent thereto, and output of an abnormality in the refrigeration cycle as an electric signal
- an output means for communicating with others as a communication code is provided in the vicinity of the refrigeration cycle device or remotely via a network or a public line, and the measured data or the calculated value is transmitted via the network or the public line, and the refrigerant is transmitted. If a leak is detected, the output is given priority over other refrigeration cycle abnormalities, so safe operation is possible.
- a plurality of means for storing a measured value or a calculated value from the measured value when the device is operating normally, and a calculated value of the measured value or the measured force in an abnormal state in which the device has an abnormality Means for estimating the error or reproducing the abnormal state of the equipment, calculating the distance between the normal state, the abnormal state, and the current operating state of the equipment, and the distance or abnormality between the current operating state of the equipment and the normal state.
- a means for estimating the normal state or abnormal state of the equipment or the degree of abnormality or the cause of the abnormality is provided near the refrigeration cycle device or remotely via a network or public line, and is provided via a network or public line. Therefore, the configuration is such that the measurement data or the calculated value is transmitted, so that the handling level of the device is simple.
- the D value was used as the distance.
- the Mahalanobis distance D2 for each of the reference space and each abnormal space is first obtained, and then the square root of D2 is calculated by the following equation (6). Then, the occurrence probability of each abnormality is calculated by equation (8), and the cause of the failure is evaluated and estimated from the probability of occurrence of each abnormality.
- the reason that the Mahalanobis distance D2 is raised to the power of 1/2 in equation (6) is that the distance D2 is a square value, so the value increases quadratically as the distance increases.
- ⁇ Initial D '' is the Mahalanobis distance when the abnormal space is applied to the initial normal state data.
- the distance to the normal based on the abnormality is Represent.
- “Current D” represents the distance when the abnormal space is applied to the current measurement data.
- “Current D” has a large value in the initial normal state (because the difference between the abnormal state and the normal state is large), but as the degree of abnormality progresses, “current D” becomes a small value (normally gradually normal). ), The probability of anomaly approaching approaches 100%.
- Abnormality 2 occurrence probability (8) Abnormality 3 occurrence probability If the judgment means of the present invention, ie, from the relationship between the distance and the threshold value shown in the flowchart, cannot be judged as normal, a failure screen display, a sound notification, an abnormality notification to a remote place, etc. are output. Then, the service technician who is notified of the failure performs repairs such as failure repair and overhaul, and the equipment is restored to a normal state.
- Each process in the flowchart of this description is performed by the other calculation means 18, storage means 19, comparison means 20, judgment means 21, and output means 22 in FIG.
- the initial learning presence / absence determination ST81 is determined by the determination means 21, and the learning-related processing ST82 and 83 are processed by the calculation means 18 and stored in the storage means 19.
- the Mahalanobis distance arithmetic processing ST84, 86, 87 is performed by the arithmetic means 18 based on the data of the reference space and the abnormal space stored in the storage means 19, and the failure determination ST88, 89 is performed by the comparison means 20 and The determination is performed by the determination unit 21, and the output is performed by the output unit 22. It should be noted that the relationship between the distances of the data in the reference space and the abnormal space may be determined without using the threshold value.
- the learning operation of learning the reference space for the normal state or the abnormal space for each abnormal state is performed by calculating a reference value required for calculating the Mahalanobis distance from the measured data, It represents an operation of storing as a reference value.
- the average value m of Equation (1), the standard deviation ⁇ of Equation (2), and the inverse matrix R ⁇ 1 of the correlation matrix of Equation (4) are described. Indicates that it is calculated.
- each abnormal space an average value and a standard deviation of each parameter and a correlation number of each parameter are stored.
- the distance between the reference space and each abnormal space can be obtained by calculating the Mahalanobis distance from the normal reference space using the average value of each parameter in each abnormal space, and this can be set as a threshold. it can.
- the distance the square root of the Mahalanobis distance
- DO takes a value of 2 or less in the initial state.
- the degree of approach to each abnormal space is calculated from Equation (8), and the occurrence probability of each abnormality is obtained.
- the abnormality occurrence probabilities are compared to determine the cause of the failure.
- the normal reference space and the abnormal space are defined, and the probability of occurrence for each abnormality is calculated.
- the degree of abnormality can be grasped, and the distance (the Mahalanobis distance or the square root of the Mahalanobis distance) to each abnormal space can be determined.
- the cause of the abnormality can be identified.
- the normal reference space is an image diagram in which each abnormal space exists at the center of coordinates and at a position away from the origin. Since the distance of Mahalanobis is actually a multidimensional space, FIG.
- the normal reference space and the abnormal space each have a region with a variation, and by judging which space it belongs to, it is possible to determine whether the current operating state is normal or abnormal. Judgment is possible.
- the distance between each abnormal space and the normal space can be calculated by calculating the Mahalanobis distance between the normal reference space and the representative data (average value data) of the abnormal space. For example, if this distance is 1000, the current refrigeration cycle operation amount is calculated using the normal reference space, and the distance is 1000.If the distance from the abnormal space of the parentheses is close to zero, it is this abnormality. The likelihood is high.
- the threshold for each abnormality is calculated by calculating the distance between the normal reference space for each abnormality and the Mahalanobis in each abnormality space.For example, if you want to detect the abnormality early, set 1/10 as the threshold for the abnormality. Threshold may be set.
- the failure condition is divided into several levels, and learning of the abnormal space is performed according to each level. May be performed.
- This level division will be described with reference to FIG. 22, which is a conceptual diagram of a multidimensional space of Mahalanobis distance.
- anomalous space 1 shows an example.
- anomalous level 1 and anomalous level 3 are divided according to the degree of anomaly.
- Do. Level 3 is the level that actually leads to compressor damage, and is an abnormal space where measurement is performed in advance in the test room and learning is performed.
- the degree of abnormality in which simulated operation of the actual machine is possible is small, the level of the abnormal area is low, and the abnormal vacancy of the actual actual machine is adjusted locally.
- a gap can be created, and early abnormality detection suitable for an actual machine can be performed.
- classifying the level of anomaly and creating an anomaly space for each anomaly level accurate failure prediction can be performed even when the anomaly level is low, and it is easy to determine another anomaly. Therefore, it is possible to predict the failure and identify the cause of the failure at an early stage before the failure occurs and the refrigeration cycle device fails.
- the abnormal space two methods are available: one is to learn with the actual machine after installing the equipment at the installation site, and the other is to create the abnormal space using data obtained by simulating the failure state of the same model in the test room in advance.
- the former is intended for a failure state in which a failure state can be simulated at the installation site.
- the present invention covers a refrigerant liquid bag, a refrigerating machine oil dead, and the like.
- the state of the refrigerant liquid was simulated by opening the expansion valve of the refrigeration cycle, and the failure state was simulated on site by temporarily draining the oil from the bottom of the compressor.
- An abnormal space is created from these operating conditions.
- the created abnormal space is stored in the storage means and used for determining an abnormal state.
- the latter method of performing a failure simulation test in a test room in advance is intended for failures that are difficult to simulate at the installation site.
- a refrigeration cycle device capable of simulating an abnormal state was created, a test of the refrigeration cycle device was conducted in a test room, and abnormal operation state data was collected.
- Create The abnormal space prepared in advance as described above is stored in the storage means in advance when the refrigeration cycle apparatus is shipped, so that it can be applied to an actual machine. Some of the failure simulation tests can also be substituted by simulation.
- each parameter used in the normal reference space is learned.
- the method of creating new abnormal operation state data by changing only the values of parameters that clearly show signs at the time of occurrence of an abnormality to the values estimated when a failure has occurred has already been explained are doing.
- the value to be converted separately may be one, or two or more. This makes it possible to create an abnormal space based on the normal state of the actual machine if the parameters that show signs when an abnormality occurs are clear in advance, and completely absorb individual differences due to variations in the actual machine. It is possible to The
- the data of the past several days is always stored in the storage means, and ST52 selects an arbitrary part from this data.
- learning of the abnormal space is performed using the operation data (abnormal data) in the selected time zone.
- the learned abnormal space is stored in the storage unit as a new abnormal space. In the failure cause evaluation after the new abnormal space has been stored, it is possible to judge the new abnormal space.
- the learning operation in the operating device of the input means of the actual refrigeration cycle apparatus has been described.
- the same learning operation by the information terminal such as a remote PC in the remote monitoring means is also possible.
- a maintenance tool that allows service personnel to download and analyze data from the refrigeration cycle device and write information to the refrigeration cycle device when an error occurs that does not need to be permanently installed in the refrigeration cycle device.
- the maintenance may be carried out with a personal computer that has been set. If the learning method described in FIG. 23 is used, the information at the time of manufacturing and installation becomes unknown, and the present invention can be applied to existing machines that are currently operating normally. First, the normal learning described in FIG. 8 is performed, and then the data is collected to learn the abnormal space.
- the data during operation should be stored so that the new abnormality learning shown in Fig. 23 can be performed. That is, the present invention can be applied to any device that is already operating. Therefore, by providing a remote monitoring device such as the one shown in Fig. 21 of the present invention, the maintenance of the maintenance can be performed simply by sending data via the Internet or the like to the equipment such as the refrigeration cycle device owned by the contracted user. You can do it.
- a new maintenance ordering person is required.
- a maintenance department or person in charge receives a maintenance order.
- the fluid circuit which is a refrigeration cycle installed at a supermarket or the like where the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 of FIG. 1 to be maintained is installed, is provided with the measuring means described above.
- This measured amount is stored in the storage means provided in the microcomputer 2.
- the measurement quantity measured by this measuring means can be drawn out by the maintenance person via the communication means, and the physical quantity of the fluid sucked and discharged by the device circulating in the fluid circuit stored in this way is transmitted to a plurality of measuring means. It is possible to obtain a calculation result obtained by calculating a memorized amount measured and stored or a plurality of obtained parameters as a plurality of variables and calculating an aggregate related to each other. If the calculation is performed on site, the calculation result may be read out via communication. By combining the read calculation result or multiple parameters obtained from the measured quantity as multiple variables, and determining the calculation result of the aggregate related to each other, it is determined whether the calculation result is within the preset range.
- the current state quantity of the refrigeration cycle device can be grasped.
- Continue to accumulate the current state quantities, and distinguish between normal state and abnormal state based on the flowcharts in Figs. 8, 18, and 23, distance from normal space to abnormal space, etc. Judge the time to the allowable limit such as leakage and the cause of the abnormality.
- the results of the decision will be communicated to the maintenance order placer, and the result of the decision will include a number of suggestions for the nature and timing of the maintenance. That is, since the maintenance contents differ depending on the degree of the abnormality and the cause of the abnormality, the system of the present invention capable of predicting the abnormality can divide the period up to the allowable limit into a plurality of times and propose the maintenance contents at each stage.
- This proposal includes the estimated cost of performing the maintenance, and the maintenance ordering party knows the extent of the abnormality and can determine when and what maintenance should be performed based on the timing, cost, and content. If such a maintenance system can be adopted, the operation of devices and equipment can be performed without risk and with peace of mind. In addition, since the operation history and the details of the trouble can be recorded automatically, it is possible to easily take any necessary actions such as reporting. In this way, for existing equipment, or for equipment that is not clear even if it is located in a remote place such as overseas, it is only necessary to obtain measured quantities via communication means, or to obtain equipment via communication. ⁇ It is possible to diagnose by obtaining the installation status, operation history, etc., and it is easy to recommend and judge maintenance. In a short time.
- the method of performing the abnormality determination by converting the parameters of multiple items into one index using the Mahalanobis distance as the abnormality determination means has been described.
- an abnormality appears.
- a method may be used in which attention is paid to a specific item such as a standard deviation, and an abnormality is determined based on whether or not this item exceeds a threshold.
- the state quantity described above is calculated by measuring a physical quantity, a current effective value, and the like of a refrigerant or the like having a large time delay of change to obtain a measured quantity of a current or the like irrelevant to an instantaneous value.
- the compressor used in the refrigeration cycle discharges, inhales and circulates the refrigerant flowing through the refrigeration cycle, and it is effective for practical diagnosis to make variables including the physical quantity of this refrigerant.
- the same can be said of a fluid machine such as a blower that has a driving body and is related to the physical quantity of the flow of wind and a pump that is related to liquids of water, food, and chemicals, as well as a fax, a printer, or a production line. It can also be used for driving equipment of moving devices.
- the physical quantity of the refrigerant is measured in addition to the flow of the wind as a fluid in the same manner as described above, which is evident from the change in the performance and characteristics of the refrigeration cycle. .
- the current of the motor drive is used as one of the state quantities to be measured as variables
- other electric quantities such as the electromagnetic force between the stator rotors of the motor
- Related such as earth currents, noise radio waves leaking to the surroundings
- Multiple measurement data may be used to distinguish the measurement data of a phenomenon that is electrically related to a mechanical system or the like that is connected by force.
- the motor is an induction motor or a DC brushless motor
- the way the harmonics are generated changes, and the steady earth current, noise radio wave, shaft voltage, etc. also differ.
- an error is to be reported at the installation site, either the warning lamp 8 or the speaker 9 shown in Fig.
- the error 1 is used to notify the user of the error, or the error content is displayed on the display device 6 such as a liquid crystal display, or both. Can be used together.
- the display device 6 such as a liquid crystal display, or both.
- the notification to the remote monitoring room the details of the abnormality and the degree of abnormality will be reported to the remote monitoring room by communication means such as telephone lines, LAN, and wireless.
- a service person is dispatched according to the state of the abnormality. If the cause of the abnormality can be grasped remotely, the necessary parts can be prepared to deal with the abnormality before going to the site. Quick maintenance can be performed. In addition to this, it is also possible to notify the information directly to the information receiving means such as the mobile phone of the serviceman while notifying the remote monitoring room.
- Making the motor drive power supply current one of the measurands is, of course, the force power supply current itself or the need not be measured directly.
- a current flowing through the motor such as a coil around the motor may be picked up by an induced voltage, or an unbalanced current flowing through each layer of the motor winding may be picked up as a state quantity.
- the drive torque related to the motor current has a large torque pulsation due to the compression of the refrigerant, and the effect of the failure is lost.
- the torque greatly changes depending on the compression ratio, that is, the ratio of high pressure to low pressure, it is necessary to measure not only the current but also the high pressure and the low pressure, and to calculate and judge by the correlation between them.
- the high and low pressures of the refrigeration cycle are not stable for several tens of minutes after starting the compressor.
- steady data is used as the state quantity described in the present invention, it is good to start the measurement after the physical quantity of the refrigerant is stable, but on the other hand, when the physical quantity of the refrigerant is not stable, Failures such as tooth contact caused by the signal or torque caused by torque change during that time, so electrical systems such as capacitors that are not affected by torque at this time Can be determined as a failure.
- the frequency of the compressor does not change by controlling the load-side devices such as opening and closing the solenoid valve of the showcase, the state of the refrigeration cycle such as high pressure and low pressure changes, and the torque fluctuates.
- the reference state may be stored in relation to the torque or the compression ratio, or an average over a certain period of time may be taken.
- the refrigeration cycle device is normally operated from the measured values by the measured amount detection means stored in the storage means or the state characteristic values calculated from them. There is a step of extracting and learning the state.
- the method of diagnosing a refrigeration cycle device according to the present invention forcibly determines which one of the learned values obtained by the respective measurement amount detection means during normal operation or the state characteristic values calculated from them has been forced. A step of converting to a different value, a step of newly calculating a composite variable after the conversion, and a step of setting the newly calculated composite variable as a threshold value when the judging means judges a compressor abnormality.
- the learning can be performed by assuming an abnormal state based on the normal state without learning by causing an abnormal state in the actual machine.
- the diagnostic method for a refrigeration cycle apparatus provides a method for diagnosing a degree of abnormality based on the value of a composite variable in a normal state and the current computed value of the composite variable and a threshold or a threshold set by a user and elapsed time. A step of calculating the time until the failure occurs, that is, a step of predicting a failure.
- the refrigeration cycle device measures high pressure measuring means for measuring the high pressure of the refrigeration device or high pressure saturation temperature?
- a condensing temperature measuring means for measuring a low pressure or an evaporating temperature measuring means for measuring a low pressure saturation temperature, and a liquid temperature measuring means, a discharge temperature measuring means or a suction temperature measuring means.
- the provision of the comparing means for comparing the calculated value and the judging means for judging the refrigerant leakage based on the comparison result makes it possible to accurately detect the refrigeration cycle abnormality such as the refrigerant leakage.
- the degree of abnormality such as the amount of refrigerant leakage in the refrigeration cycle
- the value thereof is predicted at the time of reaching an abnormal limit at which a predetermined cooling capacity can be maintained.
- the refrigeration cycle abnormality can be found at an early stage.
- the refrigerant is a refrigerant containing not a small amount of flammable components, and by connecting an alarm that emits an alarm by sound or light to the output means, the detected abnormality can be transmitted early. Also, by monitoring and judging data remotely, abnormalities can be found early.
- the refrigerating cycle abnormality that can be detected by the present invention
- anything that changes the operating state can be detected, such as failure of various devices and deterioration (deterioration over time).
- failure of various devices and deterioration deterioration over time.
- deterioration due to the life of the compressor and liquid back dirt and damage to the condenser and evaporator, deterioration and failure of the blower for the condenser and evaporator, clogging of the strainer and dryer, and broken or broken piping
- clogging and deterioration of refrigerating machine oil detected by clogging of piping, poor lubrication of compressor, change in heat transfer, etc.
- the present invention By configuring the present invention in this way, it is possible to remotely monitor the abnormality (failure and deterioration) of the device, so that it is possible to discover the abnormality of the device without having to go to the site. This enables early detection of abnormalities. Conventionally, it was necessary to go to the site first to understand the cause of the abnormality and then take countermeasures at a later stage.On the other hand, the configuration of the present invention makes it possible to remotely Since the cause of the abnormality can be identified, it is possible to make preparations in advance and go to the site, thereby shortening the time required for recovery. For example, when a refrigerant leaks, it can be distributed remotely, so that a refrigerant cylinder can be prepared and dispatched to the site.
- the refrigeration cycle of the present invention which is determined by the determination means, can detect refrigerant leakage from the flow path, and therefore can be relieved by monitoring the flow of flammable refrigerant ⁇ a liquid harmful to the human body.
- a device is obtained.
- the degree of abnormality of the refrigeration cycle can be determined, and the critical time when the refrigeration cycle cannot continue stable operation can be predicted. Is obtained. Further, the calculation means calculates the refrigerant / fluid amount or the refrigerant or fluid leak amount in the flow path cycle or the calculated value corresponding thereto, and the calculated leak amount or the calculated value force corresponding thereto is also stored in the cooling means in advance. Predicting when the capacity or supply will reach a critical level that can be maintained can provide peace of mind.
- an output means for outputting the predicted limit time as an electric signal such as a voltage or current, and the electric signal output by the output means is adapted to the degree of abnormality in which the limit capable of maintaining the predetermined device capability is the maximum value. Monitoring is easy because the corresponding voltage output or current output is used.
- the compressor, the condenser, the expansion means, and the evaporator are connected by pipes, and a refrigerant is circulated therein to constitute a refrigeration cycle.
- the refrigerant contains at least a flammable component.
- high-pressure measurement means for measuring the pressure of the refrigerant at any position in the flow path from the discharge side of the compressor to the expansion means, that is, high-pressure or condensation temperature measurement means for measuring the high-pressure saturation temperature, and expansion means Force Low pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure of the refrigerant at any position in the flow path to the suction side of the compressor, that is, low pressure, or evaporation temperature measuring means for measuring the low pressure saturation temperature, and from the condenser to the expansion means Liquid temperature measurement means to measure the temperature at any position in the flow path or discharge temperature measurement means to measure the temperature at any position in the flow path from the compressor to the condenser From the evaporator to the compressor The temperature at any point in the flow path Means for measuring the suction temperature to be measured, storage means for storing the measured value of each measuring means or the calculated value calculated from them, and comparing the value stored in the past by the storage means with the present measured value or calculated value.
- the refrigeration cycle of the present invention includes means for storing a measured amount or a calculated value from the measured amount when the device is operating normally, and a method for storing the measured amount or the measured amount in an abnormal state in which the device is abnormal.
- Means for estimating the calculated value of the above or means for reproducing the abnormal state of the equipment, means for calculating the distance between the normal state and the abnormal state and the current operating state of the equipment, and the current operating state and the normal state of the equipment Means for estimating the normal state or abnormal state or degree of abnormality or the cause of the abnormality from the distance to or from the abnormal state. Is obtained.
- a plurality of abnormal states can be created for one cause of abnormality in accordance with the degree of abnormality of the device, and a change in the distance between the current operating state of the device and the plurality of abnormal states can be used to determine the state of the device.
- Estimate the degree of abnormality The calculated value or distance corresponding to the complex variable or the refrigerant amount is a value obtained by processing the Mahalanobis distance or the Mahalanobis distance.
- the present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus which connects a compressor, a condenser, an expansion means, and an evaporator with piping and circulates a refrigerant therein to form a refrigeration cycle.
- High-pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure of the refrigerant at any point in the path, that is, high pressure or condensing temperature measuring means for measuring the high-pressure saturation temperature; and any position in the flow path from the expanding means to the suction side of the compressor.
- Low pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure of the refrigerant, that is, low pressure, or evaporating temperature measuring means for measuring the low pressure saturation temperature, and liquid temperature measuring means or compression for measuring the temperature at any position in the flow path from the condenser to the expansion means.
- Discharge temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature of any position of the flow path from the compressor to the condenser, or suction temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature of any position of the flow path from the evaporator to the compressor.
- Calculation means for determining the composite variables of the high-pressure measurement means or condensation temperature measurement means, low-pressure measurement means or evaporation temperature measurement means, liquid temperature measurement means or discharge temperature measurement means or suction temperature measurement means, and each measurement means Storage means for storing the measured values of the current or calculated values such as complex variables calculated from them, comparing means for comparing the values stored in the past by the storage means with the current measured values or the calculated values, and comparison results Determining means for determining an abnormality in the refrigeration cycle based on Since it is configured to be provided remotely via a public line and to transmit measurement data or calculated values via a network or public line, monitoring can be performed at low cost.
- the present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus which connects a compressor, a condenser, an expansion means, and an evaporator with piping and circulates a refrigerant containing at least a flammable component therein to constitute a refrigeration cycle.
- the pressure of the refrigerant at any position in the flow path from the discharge side of the compressor to the expansion means ie, high pressure measurement means for measuring high pressure or condensation temperature measurement means for measuring high pressure saturation temperature
- expansion means force Compressor suction Low pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure of the refrigerant, i.e., low pressure, or evaporating temperature measuring means for measuring the low pressure saturation temperature, and any position in the flow path from the condenser to the expansion means.
- a storage means for connecting the suction temperature measuring means to be measured and storing the measured values of the respective measuring means or their calculated values, a value previously stored by the storage means and a current measured value or a calculated value.
- a remote means via a network or a public line to transmit measured data or calculated values via a network or a public line, and to perform other operations when a refrigerant leak is detected. This is output in preference to the refrigeration cycle abnormality.
- the present invention provides a means for storing a measured amount or a calculated value from a measured amount when a device is operating normally, and a method for calculating a measured amount or a measured force in an abnormal state in which a device is abnormal.
- a means for estimating the normal state or abnormal state of the equipment or the degree of abnormality or the cause of the abnormality from a change in the distance from the abnormal state is provided near the refrigeration cycle device or remotely via a network or public line, and the network or public line is connected. It is configured to transmit the measurement data or the calculated value through the interface.
- the present invention describes the measured value or the calculated value of the measured force when the device is operating normally.
- means for estimating the normal or abnormal state of the equipment or the degree of change or the cause of the abnormality Is provided near the refrigeration cycle apparatus or remotely via a network or a public line, and is configured to transmit measured data or calculated values via the network or the public line.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a high-pressure measuring means for measuring a high pressure of the refrigeration apparatus, a condensing temperature measuring means for measuring the saturation temperature of the high pressure, a low-pressure measuring means for measuring a low pressure, or the low-pressure measuring means. Calculating means for measuring the saturation temperature of the liquid, evaporating temperature measuring means, liquid temperature measuring means, discharge temperature measuring means, or suction temperature measuring means, and calculating means for determining the composite force of these measured values, and measurement of each measuring means.
- Storage means for storing values or calculated values such as complex variables calculated from them; comparison means for comparing values stored in the past by the storage means with current measured values or calculated values;
- the degree of abnormality such as the amount of refrigerant leakage in the refrigeration cycle, is calculated by the calculation means, and the value thereof is predicted at the time of reaching an abnormality limit at which a predetermined cooling capacity can be maintained. Abnormalities can be found early.
- the calculation means 22, storage means 23, comparison means 24, judgment means 25, and output means 26 may be integrated into one.For example, when remote monitoring is performed using a general-purpose computer such as a personal computer, All functions can be realized by computer software, and the output in this case is output to a display or external storage medium such as a hard disk.
- the unit space is composed of an average value, a standard deviation, and a correlation coefficient of each feature value, and may be added with other conditions. It is stored in a memory on the board or a remotely installed personal computer. When learning all or part of these with the actual machine, data that does not need to be learned may be stored in either the memory on the board of the refrigeration cycle device or the personal computer, but it is necessary to learn The data is stored on the hard disk of the personal computer.
- the present invention provides a refrigeration cycle in which a compressor, a condenser, expansion means, and an evaporator are connected by pipes and a refrigerant is circulated therein, and a flow path from the discharge side of the compressor to the expansion means is formed.
- High pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure of the refrigerant at any position, that is, high pressure, or condensing temperature measuring means for measuring the saturation temperature of high pressure, and one of the flow paths from the expansion means to the suction side of the compressor
- Low pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure of the refrigerant, that is, low pressure, or evaporating temperature measuring means for measuring the saturation temperature of the low pressure
- liquid temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature at any position in the flow path from the condenser to the expansion means.
- discharge temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature at any position in the flow path from the compressor to the condenser, or suction temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature at the position of the flow path from the evaporator to the compressor
- Storage means for storing calculated values such as complex variables calculated from them; comparison means for comparing values stored in the past with current measured values or calculated values; refrigeration cycle based on the comparison results; And a judging means for judging the abnormality of the above.
- the refrigerant is a refrigerant containing not a small amount of flammable components, and by connecting an alarm that emits an alarm with sound or light to the output means, it is possible to transmit the detected abnormality early. Also, by monitoring and judging data remotely, it is possible to detect abnormalities early.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04807276.3A EP1731857B1 (en) | 2004-01-21 | 2004-12-17 | Device diagnosis device |
ES04807276.3T ES2669032T3 (es) | 2004-01-21 | 2004-12-17 | Dispositivo de diagnóstico de dispositivo |
US10/585,946 US7558700B2 (en) | 2004-01-21 | 2004-12-17 | Equipment diagnosis device, refrigerating cycle apparatus, fluid circuit diagnosis method, equipment monitoring system, and refrigerating cycle monitoring system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004-013165 | 2004-01-21 | ||
JP2004013165A JP4396286B2 (ja) | 2004-01-21 | 2004-01-21 | 機器診断装置および機器監視システム |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005071332A1 true WO2005071332A1 (ja) | 2005-08-04 |
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ID=34805374
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2004/018918 WO2005071332A1 (ja) | 2004-01-21 | 2004-12-17 | 機器診断装置、冷凍サイクル装置、流体回路診断方法、機器監視システム、冷凍サイクル監視システム |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7558700B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1731857B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4396286B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100458319C (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2669032T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005071332A1 (ja) |
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EP1876403A4 (en) * | 2005-04-07 | 2011-11-09 | Daikin Ind Ltd | SYSTEM FOR JUDGING THE QUANTITY OF REFRIGERANT OF A CONDITIONED AIR SYSTEM |
US8215121B2 (en) | 2005-04-07 | 2012-07-10 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Refrigerant quantity determining system of air conditioner |
US8087258B2 (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2012-01-03 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Air conditioner, refrigerant filling method of air conditioner, method for judging refrigerant filling state of air conditioner as well as refrigerant filling and pipe cleaning method of air conditioner |
US9103574B2 (en) | 2005-10-25 | 2015-08-11 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Air conditioner, refrigerant filling method of air conditioner, method for judging refrigerant filling state of air conditioner as well as refrigerant filling and pipe cleaning method of air conditioner |
EP1970651A1 (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2008-09-17 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Refrigerating/air conditioning system having refrigerant learage detecting function, refrigerator/air conditioner and method for detecting leakage of refrigerant |
EP1970651A4 (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2012-08-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | AIR REFRIGERATION / AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM HAVING REFRIGERANT LEAK DETECTION FUNCTION, REFRIGERATOR / AIR CONDITIONER AND METHOD FOR DETECTION OF REFRIGERANT LEAK |
JP2020030043A (ja) * | 2015-06-26 | 2020-02-27 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 空気調和システム |
JP2021071225A (ja) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-05-06 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
JP7328533B2 (ja) | 2019-10-30 | 2023-08-17 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
CN114746683A (zh) * | 2020-03-17 | 2022-07-12 | 金子产业株式会社 | 机器学习装置、数据处理系统、推理装置以及机器学习方法 |
CN114746683B (zh) * | 2020-03-17 | 2023-12-29 | 金子产业株式会社 | 机器学习装置、数据处理系统、推理装置以及机器学习方法 |
US20230111875A1 (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2023-04-13 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Refrigeration cycle system |
US12104835B2 (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2024-10-01 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Refrigeration cycle system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20070156373A1 (en) | 2007-07-05 |
US7558700B2 (en) | 2009-07-07 |
EP1731857A4 (en) | 2009-03-18 |
EP1731857B1 (en) | 2018-04-18 |
JP2005207644A (ja) | 2005-08-04 |
CN1906453A (zh) | 2007-01-31 |
ES2669032T3 (es) | 2018-05-23 |
CN100458319C (zh) | 2009-02-04 |
JP4396286B2 (ja) | 2010-01-13 |
EP1731857A1 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
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