TWI691616B - 蝕刻方法及蝕刻裝置 - Google Patents

蝕刻方法及蝕刻裝置 Download PDF

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TWI691616B
TWI691616B TW105123371A TW105123371A TWI691616B TW I691616 B TWI691616 B TW I691616B TW 105123371 A TW105123371 A TW 105123371A TW 105123371 A TW105123371 A TW 105123371A TW I691616 B TWI691616 B TW I691616B
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gas
etching
oxidizing
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林軍
竹谷考司
立花光博
八尾章史
山內邦裕
宮崎達夫
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日商東京威力科創股份有限公司
日商中央玻璃股份有限公司
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Abstract

提供一種技術,係使用氧化鈷膜的氧化氣體與由β-二酮所構成之蝕刻氣體,在蝕刻被處理體表面之鈷膜時,可防止在被處理體形成碳膜。
將被處理體加熱至250℃以下的溫度,並將由β-二酮所構成之蝕刻氣體及用以氧化該鈷膜之氧化氣體以該氧化氣體流量相對於該蝕刻氣體流量之比例為0.5%~50%來供給至該被處理體。藉此,便可抑制碳膜的形成,並蝕刻該鈷膜。

Description

蝕刻方法及蝕刻裝置
本發明係關於一種鈷膜之蝕刻方法及蝕刻裝置。
作為半導體元件之配線有在Si(矽)上沉積Co(鈷)膜來加熱以形成CoSi2(鈷矽化物)層的情況。此CoSi2層形成後,為形成有該CoSi2層之基板的半導體晶圓(以下,記載為晶圓)會浸泡在例如由鹽酸及過氧化氫所構成之藥液來進行濕蝕刻,以全部去除多餘的Co膜。
然而,在半導體元件之配線微細化進展的現在,便檢討有取代至今作為配線所使用的Cu(銅)而使用Co來做為配線。此理由為在使用Cu來做為配線的情況,為了防止構成該配線之金屬原子擴散至周圍的絕緣膜,會需要在Cu配線周圍形成障蔽膜,但使用Co來做為配線的情況,會因配線本身便具有障蔽膜的功能,而不需要在配線外再另外形成障蔽膜之故。
由於有此般欲形成微細Co配線之背景,故便被要求要能高度地控制Co膜的蝕刻。具體而言,係檢討以將晶圓面內之蝕刻量的差異抑制在1nm以下的方式來蝕刻Co膜,就蝕刻後的Co膜表面來控制粗度,以及選擇性地蝕刻Co膜等。為了進行此般高度的蝕刻控制,上述的濕蝕刻將有所困難,而檢討以氣體來蝕刻Co膜。
例如,專利文獻1係記載有在基板上藉由Co所構成之金屬膜於基板加熱至200℃~400℃的狀態下,將氧氣及β-二酮之六氟乙醯丙酮(Hfac)氣體以氧(O2)氣體相對於Hfac氣體之流量比為1%以下的方式來同時地供給以蝕刻Co膜。O2氣體係氧化Co膜之氧化氣體,Hfac氣體會形成與氧化後的Co膜相比較低蒸氣壓的配位化合物,為去除該Co膜之氧化物的蝕刻氣體。專利文獻2記載有使用Hfac氣體來做蝕刻,以及此時於Hfac氣體亦可添加氧氣。又,專利文獻3記載有將基板表面之銅等金屬污染物和氧化氛圍中的β-二 酮反應來加以去除。
【先前技術文獻】
【專利文獻】
專利文獻1:日本特開2015-12243號(段落0030~段落0035)
專利文獻2:日本特開2015-19065號(段落0035、0036)
專利文獻3:日本特許第2519625號(段落0035、0036)
藉由本發明人的驗證,確認到將上述O2氣體與Hfac氣體一同供給至基板來蝕刻處理該基板表面所形成之Co膜的情況,即便為較低溫度,仍能藉由Co及氧化後Co所具有的觸媒效果及O2氣體的作用來讓Hfac分解,而在處理後基板殘留有以碳為主成分之膜(以下,記載為碳膜)。上述專利文獻1中,暗示有將O2氣體與Hfac氣體同時供給至晶圓,此時讓基板加熱至300℃~400℃般較高的溫度亦可。進行此般處理的情況,由於會形成碳膜,故專利文獻1中,便未注意到Hfac氣體會形成碳膜。從而,該專利文獻1便沒有可解決此般形成碳膜的問題者。專利文獻2、3亦未對解決該問題之方法有所記載。
本發明有鑑於此般情事,其目的在於提供一種技術,在使用氧化鈷膜之氧化氣體與由β-二酮所構成的蝕刻氣體來蝕刻被處理體表面之鈷膜時,可防止於被處理體形成有碳膜。
本發明之蝕刻方法係包含有以下工序:將表面形成有鈷膜之被處理體加熱至250℃以下的溫度,並將由β-二酮所構成之蝕刻氣體及用以氧化該鈷膜之氧化氣體以該氧化氣體流量相對於該蝕刻氣體流量之比例為0.5%~50%來供給至該被處理體,以蝕刻該鈷膜之工序。
本發明其他之蝕刻方法係含有以下工序:第1氣體供給工序,係於表面形成有鈷膜的被處理體供給用以氧化該鈷膜之氧化氣體;第2氣體供給工序,係之後供給由β-二酮所構成之蝕刻氣體及用以抑制該蝕刻氣體之分解的分解抑制氣體,來蝕刻氧化後之該鈷膜。
本發明之蝕刻裝置,係含有:載置台,係設置於處理容器內,載置表面形成有鈷膜的被處理體;加熱部,係加熱該載置台所載置之被處理體; 氣體供給部,係供給由β-二酮所構成之蝕刻氣體以及用以氧化該鈷膜之氧化氣體;以及控制部,係為了蝕刻該鈷膜而以將被處理體加熱至250℃以下之溫度,且該氧化氣體流量相對於該蝕刻氣體流量之比例為0.5%~50%來供.給該蝕刻氣體及氧化氣體至該被處理體之方式,來輸出控制訊號。
本發明之蝕刻裝置,係含有:載置台,係設置於處理容器內,載置表面形成有鈷膜的被處理體;氧化氣體供給部,係將用以氧化該鈷膜之氧化氣體供給至該被處理體;蝕刻氣體供給部,係將由β-二酮所構成之蝕刻氣體供給至該被處理體;分解抑制氣體供給部,係將用以抑制該蝕刻氣體之分解的分解抑制氣體供給至該被處理體;以及控制部,係以進行將該氧化氣體供給至該被處理體的第1步驟以及接著將該蝕刻氣體及該分解抑制氣體供給至該被處理體的第2步驟之方式,來輸出控制訊號。
依本發明,在以可抑制因鈷所致蝕刻氣體的分解之方式而讓被處理體溫度在250℃以下的狀態下,得到充分的蝕刻速度來將調整相互流量比例之蝕刻氣體及氧化氣體供給至該被處理體。從而,可抑制蝕刻氣體分解所致碳膜的形成,並蝕刻被處理體表面之鈷膜。
依本發明其他之發明,在鈷膜氧化後,藉由將蝕刻氣體及蝕刻氣體的分解抑制氣體供給至被處理體,便能在抑制蝕刻氣體分解的狀態下進行蝕刻。從而,可抑制蝕刻氣體分解所致之碳膜的形成,並蝕刻被處理體表面的鈷膜。
W‧‧‧晶圓
1‧‧‧蝕刻裝置
10‧‧‧控制部
11‧‧‧處理容器
2‧‧‧台座
22‧‧‧加熱器
3‧‧‧氣體供給部
61‧‧‧Hfac氣體供給源
62‧‧‧O2氣體供給源
64‧‧‧H2氣體供給源
圖1係本發明第1實施形態相關之蝕刻裝置的縱剖側面圖。
圖2係該第1實施形態相關之蝕刻裝置的縱剖側面圖。
圖3係該第1實施形態相關之蝕刻裝置的縱剖側面圖。
圖4係本發明第2實施形態相關之蝕刻裝置的縱剖側面圖。
圖5係該第2實施形態相關之蝕刻裝置的縱剖側面圖。
圖6係該第2實施形態相關之蝕刻裝置的縱剖側面圖。
圖7係該第2實施形態相關之蝕刻裝置的縱剖側面圖。
圖8係顯示氣體之供給狀態及供給停止狀態之時序圖。
圖9係晶圓之縱剖側面圖。
圖10係晶圓之縱剖側面圖。
圖11係晶圓之縱剖側面圖。
圖12係顯示評估試驗結果的圖表。
圖13係顯示評估試驗結果的圖表。
圖14係顯示評估試驗結果的能譜圖。
圖15係顯示評估試驗結果的能譜圖。
圖16係顯示評估試驗結果的能譜圖。
圖17係顯示評估試驗結果的縱剖側面概略圖。
圖18係顯示評估試驗結果的能譜圖。
圖19係顯示評估試驗結果的能譜圖。
圖20係顯示評估試驗結果的能譜圖。
圖21係顯示評估試驗結果的能譜圖。
圖22係顯示評估試驗結果的能譜圖。
圖23係顯示評估試驗結果的能譜圖。
圖24係顯示評估試驗結果的能譜圖。
圖25係顯示評估試驗結果的能譜圖。
圖26係顯示評估試驗結果的圖表。
(第1實施形態)
參照圖1,就實施本發明第1實施形態相關之蝕刻方法的蝕刻裝置1來加以說明。此蝕刻裝置1所處理之被處理體的晶圓W表面會形成用以形成半導體配線之Co膜。蝕刻裝置1係具備橫剖面形狀為概略圓形之真空腔室的處理容器11。圖中12係為了進行晶圓W之收授而開口於處理容器11側面之搬出入口,並藉由閘閥13來加以開閉。又,處理容器11係設有將其內面加熱至既定溫度的未圖示之加熱器。
處理容器11內部係設有為晶圓W載置部之圓柱狀台座2。圖中21係支撐台座2所載置之晶圓W的支撐銷,支撐銷21係以將該晶圓W支撐於從台座2上面浮起例如0.3mm狀態之方式而複數設置於該台座2上面。台座2內部係設有構成加熱部之加熱器22,以將台座2所載置之晶圓W加熱至設定溫度。
圖中23係貫穿台座2及處理容器11底面之貫穿孔,貫穿孔23係設有 以藉由升降機構24來在台座2上面出沒之方式所設置之晶圓W的收授用頂升銷25。圖中26為伸縮管,會覆蓋頂升銷25的下部側,以確保處理容器11的氣密性。圖中14係開口於處理容器11底面之排氣口,連接有排氣管15之一端。排氣管15之另端則依序透過壓力調整閥16、開閉閥17而連接至為真空排氣機構之真空泵18。
以封閉處理容器11上面所形成之開口部的方式,來設置圓形的氣體供給部3。圖中31係構成氣體供給部3之圓形擴散板,會對向於台座2所載置之晶圓W。圖中32係於厚度方向貫穿擴散板31之氣體供給孔,該擴散板31係構成為於縱橫配列有此氣體供給孔32之衝壓板。擴散板31上方係形成有用以在氣體供給部3內將供給至晶圓W的各氣體加以分散的分散室33。圖中34係加熱氣體供給部3之加熱器。
圖中41,42係氣體供給管,並在各下游端開口於分散室33。氣體供給管41上游端係依序透過閥V1,V2、流量調整部51而連接至為β-二酮之六氟乙醯丙酮(Hfac)氣體的供給源61。氣體供給管42上游端係依序透過閥V3,V4、流量調整部52而連接至氧(O2)氣之供給源62。
又,圖中63係氮(N2)氣之供給源,連接有氣體供給管43之上游端。氣體供給管43係朝下游側依序介設有流量調整部53、閥V5,其下游端係分歧為二,並分別連接至氣體供給管41之閥V1,V2之間及氣體供給管42之閥V3,V4之間。O2氣體係用以氧化Co膜之氧化氣體,Hfac係蝕刻氧化後Co膜之蝕刻氣體。N2氣體係用以稀釋Hfac氣體及O2氣體之稀釋氣體。
氣體供給管41之Hfac氣體供給源61與流量調整部51之間係連接有分叉配管44之上游端,分叉配管44下游端係依序透過流量調整部54、閥V6而連接至排氣管15之壓力調整閥16與開閉閥17之間。氣體供給管42之O2氣體供給源62與流量調整部52之間係連接有分叉配管45之上游端,分叉配管45下游端係依序透過流量調整部55、閥V7而連接至排氣管15之壓力調整閥16與開閉閥17之間。分叉配管44,45係在進行後述蝕刻處理時,於不將Hfac氣體及O2氣體供給至處理容器11內時而朝排氣管15供給,將該等Hfac氣體及O2氣體供給至處理容器11時用以穩定各氣體流量之配管。
進一步地,蝕刻裝置1係具備有控制部10。此控制部10係由例如電腦所構成,具備程式、記憶體、CPU。程式係以實施後述作用說明的一連串動 作之方式來組成步驟群,並依照程式來進行晶圓W之溫度調整,各閥之開閉、各氣體流量之調整、處理容器11內之壓力調整等。此程式係收納在電腦記憶媒體,例如光碟、硬碟、磁光碟、記憶卡等而安裝至控制部10。
上述蝕刻裝置1會同時供給氧化氣體之O2氣體及蝕刻氣體之Hfac氣體至晶圓W表面之Co膜。如此般供給有各氣體的Co膜係藉由以下的原理來被加以蝕刻。首先,如下述式1所示,Co膜表面會被氧化。下述CoOx為鈷的氧化物。然後,如下述式2所示,CoOx會與Hfac氣體反應,而產生為配位化合物之固體的Co(Hfac)2。此固體的Co(Hfac)2的蒸氣壓較低,如下述式3所表示,會因晶圓W的熱而昇華,而從該晶圓W來被加以去除。如此般,藉由進行式1~式3的反應,來蝕刻Co膜。
Co+O2→CoOx…式1
CoOx+Hfac→Co(Hfac)2+H2O…式2
Co(Hfac)2(固體)→Co(Hfac)2(氣體)…式3
然而,使用Hfac氣體及O2氣體,藉由進行相同的反應亦可蝕刻非Co膜之其他材料的金屬膜,例如Ni(鎳)所構成之金屬膜。在蝕刻其他金屬膜的情況,供給至晶圓W之Hfac氣體的熱分解溫度為較350℃稍高的溫度。因此,在蝕刻Co膜的情況中,為了有效進行上述式1~式3所表示的反應,以較此熱分解溫度要低的溫度範圍內之較高溫度來處理晶圓會較有效。具體而言,例如將晶圓W加熱至275℃~350℃,來進行上述式1~式3的反應會較有效。
但是,如發明所欲解決之課題項目所述般,本發明人確認到在蝕刻Co膜的情況,如此般地將晶圓W加熱至275℃~350℃,且同時供給Hfac氣體及O2氣體至晶圓W來進行處理時,會在蝕刻處理後之晶圓W表面形成有碳膜。這應該是在Co及CoOx作為觸媒的作用下,即便晶圓W溫度為275℃~350℃的情況,也會因為O2氣體的作用而使得Hfac氣體分解,並因沉積此Hfac氣體所含有之碳所加以形成。上述蝕刻裝置1係以抑制此般Hfac氣體之分解的方式,進行上述式1~式3所示的反應來進行Co膜的蝕刻。
接著,參照圖2、圖3,就蝕刻裝置1之動作來加以說明。圖2、圖3中,關於各配管,係將流通有氣體的位置以較停止流通氣體的位置要粗的線來加以表示。首先,將晶圓W載置於台座2,藉由加熱器22加熱至例如 200℃~250℃。然後,將處理容器11排氣,在該處理容器11內形成真空氛圍,並開啟閥V1,V3,V5,將N2氣體供給至處理容器11。並行於此N2氣體的供給,開啟閥V6,V7,將Hfac氣體及O2氣體供給至排氣管15。圖2係表示此般各氣體的供給狀態。
接著,關閉閥V6,V7,並開啟閥V2,V4,如圖3所示,於處理容器11將Hfac氣體及O2氣體供給至晶圓W。如此般在將Hfac氣體及O2氣體供給至晶圓W時,處理容器11內之壓力為例如10Pa~100Pa,且氧化氣體之O2氣體流量相對於蝕刻氣體之Hfac氣體流量為0.5%~50%。
藉由被供給至晶圓W之O2氣體及Hfac氣體,便會如上述式1、式2所說明般在Co表面引發配位化合物的形成,並如式3所說明般因晶圓W的熱而讓該配位化合物昇華以蝕刻該Co膜表面。如此般在進行蝕刻期間,晶圓W溫度會成為上述較低溫度,以抑制被供給至晶圓W的Hfac氣體的分解。又,即便如此般讓晶圓W溫度較低,由於O2氣體流量相對於Hfac氣體流量係如上述般設定,故會迅速地進行Co膜的蝕刻。藉由如此般設定Hfac氣體及O2氣體的流量,便能獲得充分蝕刻速度乃係藉由本發明人之實驗而獲得確認。
當Co膜表面被蝕刻所欲量時,便關閉閥V2,V4,並開啟閥V6,V7,如圖2所示,停止對處理容器11供給Hfac氣體及O2氣體,藉由被供給至處理容器11之N2氣體來吹淨處理容器11內所殘留的Hfac氣體及O2氣體,並結束Co膜的蝕刻處理。
此蝕刻處理裝置1之處理中,係如上述般設定晶圓W溫度並如上述般設定供給至晶圓W的Hfac氣體及O2氣體的流量比,可以抑制Hfac氣體的分解而防止碳膜的形成,並抑制蝕刻速度降低之方式來進行Co膜的蝕刻。
然而,為了將Co氧化而生成CoOx所使用的氧化氣體並不限於O2氣體。例如,可取代O2氣體而使用NO(一氧化氮)氣體,亦可使用O3(臭氧)氣體。藉由使用O3氣體或NO氣體,本發明人確認到能獲得較使用O2氣體的情況更高的蝕刻速度。即便是使用O3氣體或NO氣體來做為氧化氣體的情況,該等氧化氣體之流量相對於Hfac氣體之流量仍是以成為上述比例之方式來進行處理。
(第2實施形態)
接著,就實施本發明第2實施形態相關之蝕刻方法的蝕刻裝置7,以和蝕刻裝置1的差異點為中心,參照圖4來加以說明。此蝕刻裝置7係設置有下游端開口於分散室33之氣體供給管46,氣體供給管46的上游端係依序透過閥V8,V9、流量調整部56而連接至用以抑制Hfac氣體分解之氫(H2)氣的供給源64。
又,氣體供給管46之H2氣體供給源64與流量調整部56之間係連接有分叉配管47之上游端,分叉配管47之下游端係依序透過流量調整部57、閥V10而連接至排氣管15之壓力調整閥16與開閉閥17之間。分叉配管47與分叉配管44,45同樣地,係在未供給H2氣體至處理容器11時,會藉由朝排氣管15供給,而在將H2氣體供給至處理容器11時用以穩定該H2氣體流量之配管。又,上游端連接至N2氣體供給源之氣體供給管43的下游端係分歧為三,其中兩者係與蝕刻裝置1同樣地連接至氣體供給管41,42,剩下一者係連接至氣體供給管46中的閥V8,V9之間。
接著,參照與圖2及圖3同樣地表示各配管之氣體流動的圖5~圖7來說明蝕刻裝置7的動作。又,圖8係就各Hfac氣體、H2氣體來表示進行對晶圓W之供給狀態(圖中記載為ON)與停止供給狀態(圖中記載為OFF)之切換的時序圖,並適宜地參照此圖。進一步地,圖9~圖11係晶圓W的縱剖側面圖,並適宜地參照該等圖9~圖11。圖9係蝕刻裝置7處理前之晶圓W,圖中的71係晶圓W表面所形成的Co膜。
首先,將上述圖9所示之晶圓W載置於台座2,藉由加熱器22加熱至例如250℃以上且較Hfac氣體之分解溫度要低的溫度,具體而言,係例如250℃~350℃。然後,將處理容器11排氣,來讓該處理容器11內形成真空氛圍,並開啟閥V1,V3,V5,V8,將N2氣體供給至處理容器11。並行於此N2氣體的供給,而開啟閥V6,V7,V10,將Hfac氣體、O2氣體及H2氣體供給至排氣管15。圖5係顯示如此般供給有各氣體之狀態。
接著,關閉閥V7並開啟閥V4,在例如處理容器11內壓力為10Pa~100Pa的狀態下,如圖6所示般在處理容器11將O2氣體供給至晶圓W來做為步驟S1(圖中,時刻t1)。藉此,便會如上述式1所說明般,Co膜表面會被氧化而形成有CoOx的層72(圖10)。
然後,關閉閥V4,V6,V10,並開啟閥V2,V7,V9,在例如讓處理容器11 內的壓力為10Pa~100Pa的狀態下,如圖7所示在處理容器11將Hfac氣體及H2氣體供給至晶圓W(圖中,時刻t2)來做為步驟S2,藉由該等氣體來吹淨處理容器11內的O2氣體。如此般停止對處理容器11內之O2氣體的供給而讓該處理容器11內之O2氣體濃度下降的狀態下,與為分解抑制氣體的H2氣體一同地供給Hfac氣體,便能抑制該Hfac氣體的分解。從而,便會抑制碳層的形成,並引發上述式2、式3所說明的配位化合物之形成及該配位化合物的昇華,以去除Co膜表面的CoOx之層72(圖11)。
之後,關閉閥V2,V7,V9,並開啟閥V4,V6,V10,停止對處理容器11之Hfac氣體及H2氣體的供給,並再度在處理容器11將O2氣體供給至晶圓W,以進行上述步驟S1(時刻t3)。亦即,Co膜的表面會被氧化而形成CoOx的層72。然後,關閉閥V4,V6,V10並開啟閥V2,V7,V8,停止對處理容器11之O2氣體的供給,並再度在處理容器11將Hfac氣體及H2氣體供給至晶圓W,以進行上述步驟S2。亦即,形成配位化合物而去除CoOx之層72(時刻t4)。
以既定次數重複步驟S1,S2,來蝕刻所欲量的Co膜表面時,會從進行步驟S2的狀態而成為開啟閥V6,V10並關閉閥V2,V9之圖5所示在處理容器11僅供給N2氣體的狀態。藉由該N2氣體來吹淨處理容器11所殘留之Hfac氣體及H2氣體,並結束Co膜的蝕刻處理。
依此蝕刻裝置7,係將O2氣體供給至於表面形成有Co膜的晶圓W後來供給Hfac氣體及H2氣體,藉此,便會抑制Co及CoOx之觸媒效果所致之Hfac氣體因O2氣體的分解,可防止於晶圓W形成碳膜,並進行Co膜的蝕刻。
上述範例中,雖係與Hfac氣體一同地將作為分解抑制氣體的H2氣體供給至晶圓W,但只要是對Hfac氣體具有還原性的氣體,由於便可抑制Hfac氣體的氧化來抑制分解,故亦可使用H2以外而具有此般還原性之氣體來做為分解抑制氣體。例如,可使用NH3(氨)氣體、H2S(硫化氫)氣體等氣體來做為分解抑制氣體。又,步驟S1,S2不限於重複進行複數次,在Co膜的蝕刻量較小的情況,亦可分別僅進行1次步驟S1,S2。又,O2氣體的停止供給及Hfac氣體與H2氣體的開始供給不限於同時。亦可在O2氣體停止供給後,藉由N2氣體來吹淨處理容器11內所殘留的O2氣體後,再供給Hfac氣體及H2氣體。
第1實施形態及第2實施形態中,蝕刻上述Co的氣體只要是能如上述式1~式3所示般與CoOx反應來形成蒸氣壓較CoOx要低的配位化合物之β-二酮的氣體即可,可例如取代Hfac(亦稱為1,1,1,5,5,5-六氟-2,4-戊二酮)氣體而使用三氟乙醯丙酮(亦稱為1,1,1-三氟-2’4,-戊二酮)、乙醯丙酮等之氣體。
評估試驗
以下,便就本發明相關所進行的評估試驗來加以說明。
(評估試驗1)
評估試驗1-1係就表面形成有Co膜之複數晶圓W,以上述第1實施形態所說明之方式,供給各氣體來進行Co膜的蝕刻處理。但是,供給Hfac氣體及H2氣體時之各晶圓W溫度則分別為250℃、275℃、300℃。然後,蝕刻結束後,測定晶圓W表面之碳膜的膜厚。
評估試驗1-2與評估試驗1-1同樣地,係在供給Hfac氣體及H2氣體時,將複數各晶圓W之溫度分別設定為250℃、275℃、300℃來進行蝕刻處理,並在處理後,測定各晶圓W表面的碳膜膜厚。但是,此評估試驗1-2中,晶圓W表面係取代Co膜而形成有其他種類的金屬膜,例如Ni膜,藉由Hfac氣體及O2氣體來蝕刻該其他種類的金屬膜。
圖12係顯示評估試驗1結果的圖表。圖表的橫軸為H2氣體及O2氣體供給時之晶圓W溫度(單位:℃),圖表的縱軸係碳膜的膜厚(單位:nm)。評估試驗1-2中,晶圓W溫度即便為250℃、275℃、300℃任一者,碳膜的膜厚仍為0nm。亦即,未確認到有碳膜的形成。但是,評估試驗1-1中,在晶圓W溫度為250℃的情況,碳膜膜厚為0nm,但在275℃的情況約形成有5nm,在300℃的情況則形成有約50nm。另外,如此般在評估試驗1-1所形成之碳膜在晶圓W面內之差異會較大。
本發明人藉由此評估試驗1的結果,得到如所述般在蝕刻Co膜時,會因Co及CoOx具有觸媒效果而讓Hfac氣體的分解溫度較蝕刻Co以外材料之膜的情況之Hfac氣體的分解溫度要低。又,如上述般在評估試驗1-1於晶圓W溫度為250℃的情況,並不會形成有碳膜,而確認到第1實施形態的效果。
(評估試驗2)
評估試驗2-1係與第1實施形態同樣地同時對晶圓W提供Hfac氣體及 O2氣體來進行晶圓W表面之Co膜的蝕刻。此評估試驗2-1中,在Hfac氣體及O2氣體供給時之處理容器11內的壓力係設定在20Torr(2.67×103Pa)。又,蝕刻處理係對複數片晶圓W來進行,以成為相互不同溫度之方式來加熱各晶圓W以進行處理。蝕刻處理後,測定各晶圓W之Co膜的蝕刻率(單位:nm/分鐘)。又,評估試驗2-2係與評估試驗2-1略同樣地來處理晶圓W,以測定Co膜的蝕刻率。評估試驗2-2中,與評估試驗2-1不同地是將Hfac氣體及O2氣體供給時之處理容器11內的壓力設定在100Torr(1.33×104Pa)。
圖13之半對數圖係顯示此評估試驗2的結果,圖表之橫軸為Hfac氣體及O2氣體供給時之晶圓W溫度(單位:℃),圖表之縱軸係蝕刻率(單位:nm/分鐘)。如此圖表所示,評估試驗2-1,2-2各自在250℃~330℃的範圍下,晶圓W溫度越高,則蝕刻率越高。從而,得知蝕刻率有溫度依存性。又,評估試驗2-1,2-2在晶圓W溫度相同的情況,評估試驗2-2的蝕刻率會較高。藉由阿瑞尼氏圖來求得用以進行產生上述式2之Co(Hfac)2的反應之活化能時,在處理容器11內壓力為20Torr的情況為1.39eV,在100Torr的情況為0.63eV,評估試驗2-2會較評估試驗2-1要容易讓式2之反應進行,而容易形成配位化合物。
如此評估試驗2所示,得知藉由調整Hfac氣體及H2氣體供給時之晶圓W周圍壓力,便可控制蝕刻率。從而,即便晶圓W之溫度較低,推測應該也能以實用上充分的速度來進行晶圓W的蝕刻。另外,發明人藉由實驗,推測為了進行用以形成上述配位化合物之式2反應所需要的活化能也能藉由調整該氧化氣體流量相對於蝕刻氣體流量之比例來加以改變。
(評估試驗3)
評估試驗3係就晶圓W所形成之Co膜表面,藉由X射線電子能譜法(XPS)來取得C1s之能譜。然後,就此晶圓W與第1實施形態同樣地同時供給Hfac氣體及O2氣體,以進行晶圓W表面之Co膜的蝕刻處理。但是,供給該等氣體時之晶圓W溫度與第1實施形態所示之溫度有所不同而為300℃。蝕刻處理後,藉由XPS就晶圓W表面之C1s來取得能譜。
圖14、圖15的圖表係分別顯示蝕刻前,蝕刻後所取得之能譜。圖表之橫軸數值係顯示元素鍵結能(單位:eV),縱軸的數值係顯示所檢出之光電子的強度。由圖14之蝕刻前的能譜,確認到碳原子與碳原子之雙重鍵結、碳 原子與碳原子之單鍵、以及碳原子與氧原子的單鍵存在,但從蝕刻後的能譜,顯示出除了該等鍵結外,尚存在有-COO-及-OCOO-所構成之基。又,從蝕刻後所取得之能譜,確認到C原子濃度為90%以上,且並未檢出Co。從藉由此XPS所取得之能譜,推測因蝕刻使得晶圓W表面狀態會改變,而形成碳層。
就取得圖15之能譜後的蝕刻後晶圓W表面,藉由進行拉曼光譜法來取得圖16所示之能譜。圖16之能譜的橫軸係表示拉曼位移(單位:cm-1),縱軸係表示強度。此圖16之能譜中,在1600cm-1附近的G-band、1340cm-1附近的D-band確認到推測為分別來自碳之峰值。G-band的峰值係暗示結晶碳的存在,D-band的峰值係暗示非晶碳的存在,故此晶圓W表面中,有形成在非晶碳中混入結晶碳之碳層的可能性。如此般,藉由拉曼光譜法亦暗示出碳層的存在。
就取得圖16之能譜後的蝕刻後晶圓W表面,藉由穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)來進行攝影。圖17係所取得之圖像的概略圖,係顯示晶圓W之縱剖側面。以SiO2膜、TiN膜之順序朝上方來層積各膜,蝕刻前,TiN膜上係形成有膜厚100nm之Co膜。由影像可確認到此Co膜已完全被去除,以及TiN膜上形成有膜厚70nm之碳膜。由此般評估試驗2,顯示出讓晶圓W為300℃,將Hfac氣體及O2氣體同時供給至該晶圓W,便會形成有碳膜(碳層)。本發明人係在得到此見解後而完成本發明。
(評估試驗4)
評估試驗4係就晶圓W所形成之Co膜表面,以與的1實施形態同樣地同時供給Hfac氣體及O2氣體,來進行複數晶圓W表面之Co膜的蝕刻處理。但是,供給該等氣體時之晶圓W溫度係依各晶圓W而設定為不同。將加熱至200℃以上,未達250℃之試驗為評估試驗4-1,將加熱至250℃之試驗為評估試驗4-2,將加熱至275℃之試驗為評估試驗4-3,將加熱至300℃之試驗為評估試驗4-4。蝕刻處理後,就各評估試驗4-1~4-4之晶圓W表面藉由XPS來取得能譜。
圖18及圖19、圖20及圖21、圖22及圖23、圖24及圖25係分別顯示由評估試驗4-1、4-2、4-3、4-4所取得之能譜的圖表。與圖14、圖15同樣地,圖表的橫軸、縱軸係分別顯示鍵結能(單位:eV)、所檢出之光電子強度。 圖18、圖20、圖22及圖24係顯示770eV~810eV之能譜,圖19、圖21、圖23及圖25係顯示275eV附近~295eV附近之能譜。圖18、圖20中,表示Co2p之峰值出現在778eV附近及795eV附近。又,圖19、圖21中,表示C1s之峰值出現在285eV附近,但該峰值較小。圖22、圖24中,表示Co2p之峰值未在778eV及795eV附近被觀察到。又,圖23、圖25中,雖285eV附近顯示出C1s峰值,但較圖19、圖21的峰值出現的要大。
由此結果,評估試驗4-1、4-2中,雖未在晶圓W表面形成有碳膜,而為Co膜露出之狀態,但評估試驗4-3、4-4中,推測係以覆蓋Co膜之方式而形成有碳膜。亦即,得知同時供給Hfac氣體及O2氣體時,讓晶圓W為275℃以上,便會形成有碳膜。又,由評估試驗4-1、4-2未形成有碳膜,確認到第1實施形態的效果。
(評估試驗5)
評估試驗5係藉由第1實施形態所說明之方法來對複數晶圓W之Co膜進行蝕刻處理。但是,此評估試驗5之蝕刻處理中,係依各晶圓W來進行使用相互不同之用以讓Co膜氧化之氧化氣體的處理。氧化氣體係分別使用O3氣體、O2氣體、NO氣體、N2O(氧化亞氮)氣體、H2O2(過氧化氫)氣體。圖26係顯示評估試驗5的結果之圖表。縱軸係顯示既定時間中1次蝕刻處理時的Co蝕刻量(記載為nm/cycle),亦即蝕刻速度。如圖表所示上述氧化氣體中,確認到在使用任何氧化氣體的情況都能進行蝕刻。由圖表可知,使用O3氣體的情況及使用NO氣體的情況,蝕刻量會較使用O2氣體的情況要大。從而,從此評估試驗5確認到使用該等O3氣體或NO氣體來作為氧化氣體會特別有效。
1‧‧‧蝕刻裝置
11‧‧‧處理容器
15‧‧‧排氣管
2‧‧‧台座
W‧‧‧晶圓
V1~V7‧‧‧閥

Claims (6)

  1. 一種蝕刻方法,係含有以下工序:第1氣體供給工序,係於表面形成有鈷膜的被處理體供給用以氧化該鈷膜之氧化氣體;第2氣體供給工序,係之後供給由β-二酮所構成之蝕刻氣體及用以抑制該蝕刻氣體之分解的分解抑制氣體,來蝕刻氧化後之該鈷膜;該分解抑制氣體為選自氫氣、氨氣、硫化氫氣體之一種氣體。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之蝕刻方法,其係含有重複進行由該第1氣體供給工序及該第2氣體供給工序所構成之循環的工序。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之蝕刻方法,其中該第2氣體供給工序係含有將該被處理體加熱至250℃以上,且較該蝕刻氣體之分解溫度要低的溫度之工序。
  4. 一種蝕刻方法,係包含有以下工序:將表面形成有鈷膜之被處理體加熱至250℃以下的溫度,並將由β-二酮所構成之蝕刻氣體以及用以氧化該鈷膜之氧化氣體以該氧化氣體流量相對於該蝕刻氣體流量之比例為0.5%~50%來供給至該被處理體,以蝕刻該鈷膜之工序;該氧化氣體為一氧化氮氣體或臭氧氣體。
  5. 一種蝕刻裝置,係含有:載置台,係設置於處理容器內,載置表面形成有鈷膜的被處理體;氧化氣體供給部,係將用以氧化該鈷膜之氧化氣體供給至該被處理體;蝕刻氣體供給部,係將由β-二酮所構成之蝕刻氣體供給至該被處理體;分解抑制氣體供給部,係將用以抑制該蝕刻氣體之分解的分解抑制氣體供給至該被處理體;以及控制部,係以進行將該氧化氣體供給至該被處理體的第1步驟以及接著將該蝕刻氣體及該分解抑制氣體供給至該被處理體的第2步驟之方式,來輸出控制訊號;該分解抑制氣體為選自氫氣、氨氣、硫化氫氣體之一種氣體。
  6. 一種蝕刻裝置,係含有:載置台,係設置於處理容器內,載置表面形成有鈷膜的被處理體;加熱部,係加熱該載置台所載置之被處理體;氣體供給部,係供給由β-二酮所構成之蝕刻氣體以及用以氧化該鈷膜之氧化氣體;以及控制部,係為了蝕刻該鈷膜而以將被處理體加熱至250℃以下之溫度,且該氧化氣體流量相對於該蝕刻氣體流量之比例為0.5%~50%來供給該蝕刻氣體及氧化氣體至該被處理體之方式,來輸出控制訊號;該氧化氣體為一氧化氮氣體或臭氧氣體。
TW105123371A 2015-07-27 2016-07-25 蝕刻方法及蝕刻裝置 TWI691616B (zh)

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