TW200405394A - Susceptor for MOCVD reactor - Google Patents
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- TW200405394A TW200405394A TW092112833A TW92112833A TW200405394A TW 200405394 A TW200405394 A TW 200405394A TW 092112833 A TW092112833 A TW 092112833A TW 92112833 A TW92112833 A TW 92112833A TW 200405394 A TW200405394 A TW 200405394A
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- 238000002488 metal-organic chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004602 germ cell Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 36
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 5
- XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylgallium Chemical compound C[Ga](C)C XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylindium Chemical compound C[In](C)C IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052778 Plutonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N plutonium atom Chemical compound [Pu] OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/67098—Apparatus for thermal treatment
- H01L21/67103—Apparatus for thermal treatment mainly by conduction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/683—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping
- H01L21/687—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches
- H01L21/68714—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support
- H01L21/68771—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support characterised by supporting more than one semiconductor substrate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/683—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping
- H01L21/687—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches
- H01L21/68714—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support
- H01L21/68778—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support characterised by supporting substrates others than wafers, e.g. chips
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Description
200405394 玫、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關有機金屬化學氣相沉積(M0CVD)反應器, 而更特定言之,係有關MOCVD反應器所用之承受器。 【先前技術】 氮化鎵(GaN)基半導體元件在MOCVD反應器中之生長, 鄧貝爾及凱勒(DenBaars and Keller)在「半導體及半金屬 (Semiconductors and Semimetals)」(Academic Press公司 1997 年出版)第50卷第11-35頁中已有一般性描述。MOCVD係一 種非平衡生長技術,其依賴加熱區中前驅物之氣相傳輸及 隨後第III族烷基化物與第V族氫化物之反應。生長氣體及 摻雜劑係供應至反應器,並在一基材或晶圓上沉積成為磊 晶層。通常有一或多個晶圓放在稱為承受器之石墨結構 上,該承受器可用無線電頻率(RF)線圈加熱、電阻加熱、 或用長條燈或線圈加熱器進行輻射加熱。在生長過程期 間,經加熱之承受器會將晶圓加熱。 圖1顯示一種習知承受器10,其用於諸如湯姆斯史威科學 設備公司(Thomas Swan Scientific Equipment Ltd·)所提供之 MOCVD反應器中。該承受器具有中空圓筒形狀,並安裝在 反應咨底σ卩之反應器加熱元件之上,源氣體(s〇urce gas)入 口之下。其具有圓形基板丨2及圓筒套管13,而圓形板12具 有一系列繞承受器縱長軸等距隔開的盤狀凹陷1 4。在生長 時’每一凹陷14可容納一半導體晶圓。當承受器1〇由加熱 元件加熱時’半導體晶圓也會被加熱。當諸源氣體進入 85261 -6- 200405394 MOCVD反應器中時,這些氣體便會結合,然後沉積在加熱 之半導體晶圓上成為磊晶層。承受器10通常可以在1,〇〇〇至 2,000 rpm範圍内之速度旋轉,而在晶圓上產生更均勻之蟲 晶層。 習知承受器10通常係由石墨或經塗覆石墨之單一結構形 成,此一單一結構會吸收加熱器元件之熱量並將其傳導至 與承受器10接觸之晶圓。整個承受器10都受到均勻加熱, 而在晶圓之整個表面達到一致的生長條件。在磊晶層製造 期間,諸材料不但會沉積在加熱之晶圓上,而且也會沉積 在加熱之承受器10上。這會引起相當量的GaN、InGaN、 AlInGaN及類似化合物沉積在承受器表面上。結果是,反應 沉積物在承受器上的累積會對隨後的製造步驟產生不利影 響。例如,沉積物會在隨後的磊晶層生長期間變成是雜質, 且也會在不同層之間產生不良的界面過渡。例如,若有一 層利用錮源氣體生長,則銦會沉積在承受器上,而雖然欲 生長之下一層並不包括鋼,承受器表面的姻也會被包括在 諸層之間的過渡中。這些雜質會引起不良之元件性能,且 會防礙半導體元件在晶圓上之一致再製造。 習知承受器之另一缺點是,加熱元件會將整個承受器加 熱,不僅僅是晶圓下方或周圍的區域。這樣就需要大量的 熱量,因為與晶圓比較起來承受器具有相對較大的表面 積。大部份的能量都因不用於晶圓加熱而浪費掉。這會增 加加熱器之負擔,造成加熱器提早故障。同時,由於整個 加熱器都在足供化學氣相沉積之溫度下,故會消耗掉較多 85261 200405394 的反應物。 習知承受器之另一缺點是,彼等很難製造。彼等必須從 一大塊的石墨加工,而若承受器之任何邵份受損,則整個 結構都不能使用。凹陷之加工也極度困難,因為彼等偏移 結構之縱長軸。凹陷無法使用單一車床來加工,而必須包 含更多複雜過程。為了相同理由,也極難修改凹陷表面之 形狀來補償溫度之不均勻性。 【發明内容】 本發明揭示一種承受器,其用於在反應器中在晶圓上生 長磊晶層時托住半導體晶圓。該承受器包含一具有一基板 及一套管之基本結構,基板及套管二者都由具有高溫低熱 傳導度之材料製成。基板有一或多個板孔。也包括一或多 個熱傳塞,每一塞都放在一或多個板孔之各自一孔中。熱 傳塞係由具有高溫高熱傳導度之材料製成,以將熱傳送至 半導體晶圓。 本發明也揭示一種用於在半導體晶圓上生長磊晶層之反 應器,其包括一置放加熱元件及承受器之反應器室。承受 器托住半導體晶圓並配置在加熱器元件之上。承受器包含 一具有一基板及一套管之基本結構且二者均由具有高溫低 熱傳導度之材料製成;基板有一或多個板孔,而每一個板 孔中各自放一個熱傳塞。晶圓係配置在諸塞上,而諸塞係 由具有高溫高熱傳導度之材料製成。諸塞將加熱器元件之 熱量傳送至半導體晶圓。也包括一生長氣體入口,以提供 在半導體晶圓上生長磊晶層之氣體。 85261 200405394 沉積在此處所揭示承受器具體例上之反應物量減少,因 而隨後加工步驟期間所不要的雜質也減少。磊晶層也可利 用較低能量及消耗較少源材料生長,因為大部份來自反應 器加熱元件之熱量都通過熱傳塞而不將整個承受器加熱。 承受器也可利用較不複雜的方法製造,因其不要從整塊的 石墨加工。同時,熱傳塞可更容易加工,故彼等她鄰晶圓 的表面可具有一凸面或凹面形狀以補償任何溫度不均勻 性。
本發明之這些及其他特點及優點,熟諳本技藝者從以下 配合隨附圖式所作之詳細說明,將很明白。 【實施方式】 圖2至4顯示一根據本發明之承受器20,其可在MOCVD反 應器中在磊晶層生長時托住基材或晶圓。承受器20可安裝 在MOCVD反應器底部之反應器加熱元件之上,且可在生長 過程期間旋轉。
承受器20包括一基本結構22,其由一基板24及一圓筒套 管26所組成,彼等可為分開或製造成為一個結構。基板24 有沿承受器之縱長軸30等距隔開之圓形穿通孔28。穿通孔 28之數量可視承受器20所設計在生長時托住之晶圓之數量 而異。 基本結構22應由具有高溫低熱傳導度之剛硬材料製成, 俾其自MOCVD反應器之加熱元件傳送較少之熱量。它也應 由會反射之材料製成,俾其將加熱元件之輕射熱反射,以 進一步降低其傳送之熱量。它也應具有低熱膨脹,俾其膨 85261 200405394 脹與承雙器其他組件符合。 #基,結構22可由許多不同材料製成,如氮化硼' 熔融石 英、氮化銘或陶究,氮化銘及陶资具體例並以一材料塗覆 以降低彼等與源氣體之反射性。一較佳基本結構22係由氮 化硼或覆蓋氮化硼之熔融石英製成。這些材料都具有低溫 同煞傳導度、咼溫低熱傳導度,且氮化硼為白色,可增強 結構之反射率。基本結構22係利用已知方法製造。 基本結構22可具有許多不同尺寸。圓筒套管之適當高度 為約2吋,而托住三個2吋晶圓之承受器之適當直徑為约6·2 吋。基板24也具有適當直徑為約6·2吋,板孔28繞基板以中 心等距隔開。板孔28之適當直徑為約23吋。基板24及套管 26可具有不同厚度,而適當的厚度為約〇.2吋。 承受器20也包括熱傳塞32,其每一個正好套入一各別板 孔28中。在磊晶層生長時半導體晶圓係和塞32放置接觸, 而來自加熱元件之熱量必須有效地經由塞32傳導至晶圓。 基32幸乂佳由種具有向溫鬲熱傳導度及深色之材料製成, 高溫高熱傳導度及深色都會促進熱傳導。塞32之較佳材料 為石墨或碳化矽塗覆之石墨。每一塞32具有一環繞其外表 面之軸向唇33,其放在穿通孔28之内表面之軸向凸緣“之 一上,使得各別塞32都放在孔28之一之内。 也可包括一面板36,其具有與基本結構之板孔28對準之 孔38。面板係配置在基本結構之基板24上,面板及基本結 構孔38、28對準。唯有塞32不被面板孔38覆蓋,而當晶圓 放在塞32上時,唯有晶圓未被孔38覆蓋。 85261 -10- 200405394 承受器20在無面板36時也可運作,但小量之反應物會在 磊晶生長時沉積在基本結構22上。面板36提供一表面,其 對反應物種之沉積具有較大阻力且該表面也容易清淨。該 表面較佳為紅外線透明,俾其不會吸收光學熱。它也應由 一種不會與MOCVD源氣體反應之材料製成。它可由多種材 料如石英、純碳化矽、藍寶石、矽、塗覆之石墨、石墨或 鎢製成,以石英為較佳材料。沉積物可用蝕刻自石英清淨。 面板36應具有與基板24大約相同之直徑,而其孔%應具 有與板孔28相同或略小之直徑。面板36可具有許多不同厚 度’而適當厚度為约〇· 16忖。 承文器20係設計成在生長時可在反應器之加熱元件上旋 轉,故面板36應安裝在基本結構22上。有不同的安裝方法 可供使用,包括但不限於,結構22上之插銷與面板36中之 安裝孔、軸向槽縫或j形槽縫對合。或者,可在結構上包括 可轉動鉤,與面板36之槽縫對合。在一具體例中,可將諸 鉤轉離基板24之中心,然後將面板36放在基板24上,而鉤 桿則與各個槽縫對準。然後將鉤轉動,俾其對向基板24之 中〜。在圖2至4所示具體例中,面板具有與結構22上之插 銷39相配之軸向槽縫37。每一插銷39具有通過槽縫π之一 最寬部份的頭部。然後轉動面板直至每一插銷39之桿置於 其各別槽縫37之狹窄部份内為止。 面板36與基本結構22之間可包括一空間,以限制因面板 36與基板24之間接觸所導致的料熱。這最好是藉在基板 24之表面,繞其邊部包括一隆起部份來完成。 85261 -11 - 200405394 承受器20可用於MOCVD反應器中,在其中承受器係配置 在反應器之底部,圓形板向上。生長氣體由頂部或側面進 入反應器中,並沉積在放在塞32上的未覆蓋晶圓上。
此種承受器20可促進熱從反應器之加熱元件傳送通過塞 32,而減少基本結構22表面上之沉積物之量。此種沉積物 之減少會在隨後層之加工期間減少不要化合物之存在。加 工過程需要較少的生長氣體,因為大部份的氣體都會沉積 在晶圓上。所得導半導體元件具有更鮮明的界面及更低量 的不要雜質。這可提高磊晶生長方法之產率及可再製性。 此一設計與習知承受器比較,也會減少維持晶圓於任何 既定溫度下所需之電量。熱量主要僅通過塞,而非如先前 技藝通過整個承受器。這樣一來便可在加熱器總成使用較 小且較價廉之組件、增加加熱器總成之壽命及可使用較少 能量及源氣體生長磊晶層。
圖5及6顯示熱傳塞50之一具體例。每一塞50實質上係冰 球(圓盤)狀,且設計成可將熱自反應器之加熱元件傳送至由 塞50接觸托住之半導體晶圓52(圖6a及6b所示)。塞50可在其 毗鄰晶圓52之表面具有隆脊54,而僅隆脊54接觸晶圓。這 可在晶圓52與塞50之間提供一小空間,以促進晶圓之平均 對流加熱。為進一步促進晶圓52之平均加熱,毗鄰晶圓52 之塞50之表面也可具有凸面、凹面或其他形狀之表面。塞 50應具有可讓其正好套入基板穿通孔28之一内之直徑,且 應具有可讓塞或基板熱膨脹之大小,其適當直徑為約2.1 吋。每一塞50在其邊緣四周具有一唇56(圖3及4中以編號33 85261 -12- 200405394 所示),俾塞頂部之直徑稍大於其下部。如以上所述,每一 塞之唇56即擱在一各自孔凸緣34之上。 塞可具有許多不同厚度,而適當之厚度為約0.33吋。隆 脊54可為許多不同尺寸,而適當尺寸為0.002吋高及0.003吋 寬。
磊晶層生長之前,先將晶圓52及傳熱塞50放進穿通孔28 中並將面板36安裝於基本結構22上,面板孔38與基本結構 之孔28對準。面板36不蓋住晶圓52,且在塞50由MOCVD之 加熱元件加熱時,晶圓52亦被加熱。生長氣體係在承受器 總成20旋轉及磊晶層在晶圓52生長時飼入反應器中。
圖7顯示MOCVD反應器70之一具體例,該反應器可利用 根据本發明之承受器在晶圓上生長磊晶層。反應器70包含 一反應室72,其放有可旋轉之生長承受器74。將一或多個 晶圓裝在承受器74上以生長磊晶層。在生長期間,承受器 74係由配置在承受器74内接近晶圓之加熱器元件(未示出) 加熱。加熱元件可為各種加熱裝置,但通常為無線電頻率 (RF)線圈、電阻線圈或長條狀加熱器。 載體氣體76係由氣體管線78供應,該載體氣體係惰性氣 體如氫或氮。載體氣體76也經由質量流量控制器80a、80b、 80c供應至各自發泡器82a、82b、82c。發泡器82a可含有生 長化合物,如具有甲基之烷基化化合物,例如三甲基鎵 (TMG)、三甲基鋁(TMA)或三甲基銦(TMI)。發泡器82b及82c 也可裝有類似之甲基化合物,以能生長第III族化合物之合 金。發泡器82a、82b、82c通常係藉怪溫浴84a、84b、84c 85261 -13- 200405394 維持在預定溫度下以確保有機金屬化合物之恆定蒸氣壓, 再由載體氣體76帶進反應室72。 通過發泡器82a、82b、82c之載體氣體76與在氣體管線78 内流動之載體氣體76係藉由打開所需閥86a、86b、86c之組 合而混合。然後混合氣體經由反應室72上端形成之氣體入 口 88引入反應室72中。入口 88可包括一蓮蓬頭入口(未示 出)。
含氮氣體90如氨係經由質量流量控制器92供應至氣體管 線78,而含氮氣體之流量係由閥94控制。若載體氣體76與 含氮氣體90及氣體管線78中之TMG蒸氣混合而然後引入反 應室72中時,即有要素存在以經由TMG及含氨氣體中存在 的分子的熱分解而在晶圓上生長氮化鎵。
為摻雜晶圓上之氮化鎵之合金,不用於TMG之發泡器 82a、82b、82c之一即用於摻雜劑物質,其通常為鎂(Mg)或 矽(Si),但可為其他物質如鋇、鈣、鋅或碳。發泡器82b或 82c可用於合金物質如硼、鋁、銦、磷、坤或其他物質。一 旦摻雜劑及合金己選擇及閥86a、86b、86c已打開以讓摻雜 劑與鎵及含氮氣體90流入管線時,經摻雜之氮化鎵層之生 長即在晶圓上進行。 反應室72内之氣體可經由連接至可在水壓下操作之泵98 之氣體清洗管線96清除。再者,清洗閥100可讓氣壓積聚或 自反應室72放氣。 生長過程通常係藉由關閉閥86a及86b而切斷鎵和摻雜劑 源並保持含氮氣體及載體氣體流動而停止。或者,反應室 85261 -14- 200405394 72可用氣體102清洗,該氣體可經由質量流量控制器1〇4及 閥106控制。清洗工作係藉打開閥ι〇〇讓泵%抽除反應室72 之過量生長氣體而得到幫助。清洗氣體1〇2通常是氫氣,但 可為其他氣體。然後切斷加熱器元件之電力,令晶圓冷卻。 雖然本發明已就其某些較佳型態相當詳細地說明,但可 有其他型怨。根据本發明之承受器無面板36也可運作。如 上所迷’根据本發明之承受器除可用於MOCVD反應器外, 也可用於許多不同反應器,且可用於許多不同類型之 MOCVD反應器。承受器可由許多不同材料製成,且可有許 多不同大小。彼等也可有不同配置,其一種不同之配置具 有放在面板孔38内之塞32。因此,隨附申請專利範圍之精 神及範圍應不限於本說明書内之較佳型態。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係先前技藝承受器之斜視圖; 圖2係根據本發明之承受器之斜視圖; 圖3係圖2之承受器沿剖線3_3所取之剖面圖; 圖4係圖2承受器之分解圖; 圖5係圖2承受器所用熱傳塞之平面圖; 固6a係圖5之基沿剖線6a_6a所取之剖面圖; 圖6b係圖6a所示塞隆脊之放大剖面圖;及 圖7係利用根據本發明之承受器之MOcvd反應器之簡化 流程。 【圖式代表符號說明】 10 習知承受器 85261 200405394 12 圓形基板 13,26 圓筒狀套管 14 凹陷 20,74 承受器 22 基本結構 24 基板 28 圓形穿通孔 30 縱長軸 32,50 熱傳塞 33 車由向唇 34 軸向凸緣 36 面板 37 軸向槽缝 38 面板孑L 39 銷 52 晶圓 54 圓形隆脊 56 塞唇 70 有機金屬氣相沉積反應器 72 反應室 76 載體氣體 78 氣體管線 80a,b,c,92,104 質量流量控制器 82a,b,c 發泡器 -16- 85261 200405394 84a,b,c 怪溫浴 86a,b,c,94,106 閥 88 入口 90 含氮氣體 96 氣體清洗管線 98 泵 100 清洗閥 102 清洗氣體 85261 - 17-
Claims (1)
- 200405394 拾、申請專利範圍: 種系又%其用於在反應器中托住半導體晶圓以供生 長羞晶層,包含: n基板及-套管之基本結構,該基本結構係由 -具有高溫低熱傳導度之材料製成,該基板具有一或多 個板孔;及. 或夕個4傳I,該每一塞係放在該一或多個板孔之 各自一孔中,該一或多個熱傳塞係由一種具高溫高熱傳 導度之材料製成以傳熱至半導體晶圓。 2·如申請專利範圍第i項之承受器,進一步包含一安裝於該 基板上足面板,該面板具有一或多個面板穿通孔,該一 或多個面板穿通孔之每一個均與該板穿通孔之各自一孔 對準。 3. 如申請專利範圍第2項之承受器,其中該面板係由一種紅 外線透明且可藉蝕刻清乾淨之材料製成。 4. 如申請專利範圍第2項之承受器,其中該面板係由一種自 石英、碳化矽、藍寶石、矽、塗覆之石墨、石墨及鎢所 、组成之族群中所選出之材料製成。 5 ·如申叫專利範圍第1項之承受器,其中該一或多個熱傳塞 係由石墨或經碳化矽塗覆之石墨所製成。 6·如申請專利範圍第1項之承受器,其中該一或多個熱傳塞 之每一個都在各該塞毗鄰該晶圓之表面上包括一環形隆 脊。 如申請專利範圍第1項之承受器,其中該基本結構係由一 85261 種自碳化硼、熔融石英、氮化鋁及陶党所组成之族群中 所選出之材料製成。 8.如申請專利範園第i項之承受器,其係安裝在一反應器中 用於生長磊晶層,該反應器在該反應器底部具有一加熱 器疋件,該承受器則安裝在該加熱元件之上。 9·如申請專利範圍第8項之承受器,其中來自該加熱元件之 熱I係主要經由該熱傳塞傳導至該晶圓。 10·如申請專利範圍第2項之承受器,其包含一裝置,用於將 汶面板士裝至咸基板結構以在該承受器旋轉時將該面板 固定住。 11· 一種用於在半導體晶圓上生長磊晶層之反應器,包含: 一放置一加熱元件及承受器之反應器室,該承受器耗 住晶圓且配置在該加熱器元件上方,該承受器包含: 一具有一基板及一套管之基本結構,該基本結構係 由一種具有高溫低熱傳導度之材料製成,該基板具有一 或多個板孔;及 一或多個熱傳塞,該一或多個熱傳塞之每一個係放 入該一或多個板孔之各自一孔中,該晶圓係放在該塞上 面,該塞係由一種具高溫高熱傳導度之材料製成,以自 該加熱器元件將熱傳至半導體晶圓, 一生長氣體入口,用於送入氣體以在該半導體晶圓上 生長蟲晶層。 12·如申請專利範圍第11項之反應器,其中,該加熱元件係 在該反應器室之底部。 200405394 13·如申請專利範圍第丨丨項之反應器,其中該承受器進一步 包含一安裝在該基板上之面板,該面板具有一或多個面 板穿通孔,該一或多個面板穿適孔之每一個係與該板穿 通孔之各自一個對準。 14·如申請專利範圍第13項之反應器,其中該面板係由一種 紅外線透明且可藉蝕刻清乾淨之材料製成。 15·如申請專利範圍第13項之反應器,其中該面板係由一種 自石英、碳化矽、藍寶石、矽、塗覆之石墨、石墨及鎢 所&成之族群中所選出之材料製成。 16·如申請專利範圍第u項之反應器,其中該一或多個熱傳 基係由石墨或經碳化矽塗覆之石墨製成。 17. 如申請專利範圍第u項之反應器,其中該一或多個熱傳 塞之每一個都在各該塞毗鄰該晶圓之表面上包括一環形 隆脊。 ^ 18. 如申請專利範圍第u項之反應器,纟中該基本結構係由 一種自碳化硼、熔融石英、氮化鋁及陶瓷所組成之族群 中所選出之材料製成。 19種承文态,其用於在反應器中托住半導體晶圓以供生 長羞晶層,包含·· —鬲溫高熱傳導度材料,其放在晶圓下方以將熱傳至 半導體晶圓;及 馬/m低熱傳導度材料,其用於其他各部份。 2〇·如申請專利範圍第19項之承受器’進一步包含一安裝在 又器上之面板,該面板具有一或多個面板穿通孔,該 85261 200405394 一或多個面板穿通孔之每_ 對準。 個與該高溫高熱傳導度材料 21. 如申請專利範圍第20項之承受H,以㈣ 紅外線透明且可藉触刻清乾淨之材料製成。 22. 如申請專利範圍第2〇項之承受器,其中該面 自石英、碳化矽、藍寶石、石夕、塗覆之石墨 所組成之族群中所選出之材料製成。 土 23. 如申請專利範圍第20項之承受器,其中該高 度材料係由石墨或經碳化矽塗覆之石墨H 24. 如申請專利範圍第2〇項之> “Μ 度材料係由一種自礙化石朋、橡融;5 組成之族群中所選出之材料製成。 25. 如申請專利範圍第2〇項之承受器,其中該高度材料包含一且右一其你芬 ^、、 -W基板及~圓筒狀套管之 该基板具有一或多個板孔。 板係由一種 板係由一種 、石墨及鶴 :w 高熱傳導 溫低熱傳導 銘及陶瓷所 溫低熱傳導 基板結構, 26. 如申請專利範圍第25項之承受器, 度材料包含一或多個熱傳塞,該一 個均放進該一或多個板孔之各自一 其中該南溫高熱傳導 或多個熱傳塞之每— 孔中。 85261
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- 2002-05-13 US US10/144,943 patent/US7122844B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-04-30 JP JP2004506067A patent/JP5001516B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-30 AU AU2003234333A patent/AU2003234333A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-30 EP EP03728649A patent/EP1504463A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-04-30 CN CNA038164205A patent/CN1669117A/zh active Pending
- 2003-04-30 CA CA002484700A patent/CA2484700A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-30 WO PCT/US2003/013648 patent/WO2003098667A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-04-30 KR KR10-2004-7017983A patent/KR20040108785A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-05-12 TW TW092112833A patent/TW200405394A/zh unknown
-
2006
- 2006-07-06 US US11/483,387 patent/US8372204B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US20030209719A1 (en) | 2003-11-13 |
WO2003098667A1 (en) | 2003-11-27 |
JP2005526394A (ja) | 2005-09-02 |
KR20040108785A (ko) | 2004-12-24 |
CN1669117A (zh) | 2005-09-14 |
EP1504463A1 (en) | 2005-02-09 |
CA2484700A1 (en) | 2003-11-27 |
JP5001516B2 (ja) | 2012-08-15 |
US20060269390A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
AU2003234333A1 (en) | 2003-12-02 |
US8372204B2 (en) | 2013-02-12 |
US7122844B2 (en) | 2006-10-17 |
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