JP5075627B2 - Uv線を用いたシリコン含有膜の低温エピタキシャル成長 - Google Patents
Uv線を用いたシリコン含有膜の低温エピタキシャル成長 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5075627B2 JP5075627B2 JP2007527784A JP2007527784A JP5075627B2 JP 5075627 B2 JP5075627 B2 JP 5075627B2 JP 2007527784 A JP2007527784 A JP 2007527784A JP 2007527784 A JP2007527784 A JP 2007527784A JP 5075627 B2 JP5075627 B2 JP 5075627B2
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 67
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 60
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 32
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 177
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 64
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 47
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 26
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH2]Cl MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ge] Chemical group [Si].[Ge] LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 13
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- VEDJZFSRVVQBIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisilane Chemical compound [SiH3][SiH2][SiH3] VEDJZFSRVVQBIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005046 Chlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilane Chemical class Cl[SiH3] KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004518 low pressure chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052990 silicon hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- LXEXBJXDGVGRAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(trichlorosilyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl LXEXBJXDGVGRAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 films such as Si Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 229910000078 germane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QUZPNFFHZPRKJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N germane Chemical compound [GeH4] QUZPNFFHZPRKJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052986 germanium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZPPHXVFMVZRTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Kr]F Chemical compound [Kr]F VZPPHXVFMVZRTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ISQINHMJILFLAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N argon hydrofluoride Chemical compound F.[Ar] ISQINHMJILFLAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VQPFDLRNOCQMSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromosilane Chemical class Br[SiH3] VQPFDLRNOCQMSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012707 chemical precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SLLGVCUQYRMELA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilicon Chemical compound Cl[Si] SLLGVCUQYRMELA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012864 cross contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- VJIYRPVGAZXYBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibromosilane Chemical compound Br[SiH2]Br VJIYRPVGAZXYBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXGHASBVNMHGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digermane Chemical compound [Ge][Ge] VXGHASBVNMHGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N disilane Chemical compound [SiH3][SiH3] PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003608 radiolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003376 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012686 silicon precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000427 thin-film deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Th]=O ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003452 thorium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- BYMUNNMMXKDFEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluorolanthanum Chemical compound F[La](F)F BYMUNNMMXKDFEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000007704 wet chemistry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HGCGQDMQKGRJNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon monochloride Chemical compound [Xe]Cl HGCGQDMQKGRJNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02612—Formation types
- H01L21/02617—Deposition types
- H01L21/0262—Reduction or decomposition of gaseous compounds, e.g. CVD
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/48—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating by irradiation, e.g. photolysis, radiolysis, particle radiation
- C23C16/482—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating by irradiation, e.g. photolysis, radiolysis, particle radiation using incoherent light, UV to IR, e.g. lamps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
- C30B25/10—Heating of the reaction chamber or the substrate
- C30B25/105—Heating of the reaction chamber or the substrate by irradiation or electric discharge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/02—Elements
- C30B29/06—Silicon
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02367—Substrates
- H01L21/0237—Materials
- H01L21/02373—Group 14 semiconducting materials
- H01L21/02381—Silicon, silicon germanium, germanium
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02518—Deposited layers
- H01L21/02521—Materials
- H01L21/02524—Group 14 semiconducting materials
- H01L21/02532—Silicon, silicon germanium, germanium
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02612—Formation types
- H01L21/02617—Deposition types
- H01L21/02636—Selective deposition, e.g. simultaneous growth of mono- and non-monocrystalline semiconductor materials
- H01L21/02639—Preparation of substrate for selective deposition
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02656—Special treatments
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- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Electrodes Of Semiconductors (AREA)
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- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Description
[001]本発明は、シリコン含有膜の選択的及び一括的(非選択的)エピタキシャル成長に有用な装置及び方法であって、経済的に実現可能な膜成長速度を与えつつ、約700℃未満の温度でエピタキシャル膜成長を可能にするためにUV線が用いられる前記装置及び方法に関する。
[002]シリコン含有膜のエピタキシャル成長は、高度なロジックデバイスやDRAMデバイスの新規な用途のためにますます重要になってきた。これらの用途に鍵となる要求は、より低温のプロセスであり、その結果、デバイス特徴部がデバイスの製造中に悪影響を受けない。より低温のプロセスは、また、将来の市場に重要であり、特徴部のサイズは45nm〜65nmの範囲であり、隣接する物質の拡散の回避が重要になる。より低いプロセス温度は、シリコン含有エピタキシャル膜の成長前とエピタキシャル膜の選択的又は一括的な成長中の双方の基板洗浄に必要とされる。選択的な成長とは、一般的には、シリコン含有膜が基板表面上に1を超える物質を含む基板上で成長し、シリコン含有膜が前記基板の第1物質の表面上で選択的に成長し、前記基板の第2物質の表面上では最小限の成長から全く成長しないことを意味する。
[0037]下で示される詳細な説明の前置きとして、本明細書と添付の特許請求の範囲に用いられるように、特にことわらない限り、単数形は複数の対象を含むことを留意すべきである。
[0046]本明細書に記載される実施形態例のエッチングプロセスを、カリフォルニア州サンタクララのアプライドマテリアルズ社から入手できるEpiCENTURA(登録商標)総合処理システムで行った。本発明に関するこの装置の具体的な特徴は下で詳しく記載されるが、膜のエピタキシャル成長に業界で知られている他の装置が本発明を実施するために用いることができることは企図される。
実施例1
[0059]基板上のシリコン含有膜のエピタキシャル成長の前に、清浄な不動態化した表面にシリコン含有エピ膜の続いての成長を得るために、表面格子構造に影響を与える基板表面上の未変性酸化物を除去するとともに水素とのダングリングボンドを停止させることが必要である。しばしば、基板は、ウエハ表面上に未変性酸化物を有するシリコンウエハである。未変性酸化物の大部分は、ウェット化学プロセス、典型的には、水性HF浸漬を用いて除去される。未変性酸化物の大部分の除去に続いて、我々は残留酸化物と炭化水素を除去するために、また、シリコン含有膜のエピタキシャル成長の前に基板表面を不動態化するために、コーティング堆積チャンバ内で行われるインサイチュ洗浄/不動態化プロセスを用いた。インサイチュ洗浄/不動態化方法の間、基板は処理容積内で水素雰囲気に曝され、同時に約180nm以下の波長の放射線に曝される。本明細書に前に記載された処理装置において、水素流量は25slm〜50slmの範囲であった。基板表面の温度は、約1分間〜約5分間、500℃〜650℃の範囲であった。処理容積中の圧力は、約0.1トール〜約100トールの範囲であってもよく、典型的には約5トール〜約30トールの範囲である。出力密度は、約2mW/cm2〜約25mW/cm2の範囲であり、典型的には約2mW/cm2〜約10mW/cm2の範囲である。基板表面と放射線源の間の間隔“d”は、典型的には約5cm〜約20cm、好ましくは約5cm〜約10cmの範囲である。基板の処理時間は、典型的には、約1分間〜約5分間の範囲である。
実施例2
[0060]図3は、550℃〜750℃の範囲にある温度で堆積した膜に対して、膜堆積プロセス容積内で172nm放射線の利点を含んで、また、それを含まずにシリコン/ゲルマニウム膜のエピタキシャル成長速度を示すグラフ300である。基板温度℃は目盛り302で示され、成長速度Å/分は目盛り304で示される。曲線308は、172nm放射線の利点を含まない膜成長速度の代表例である。曲線306は、172nm放射線の利点を含む膜成長速度の代表例である。172nm放射線が存在した場合、基板表面の出力密度は約2mW/cm2であった。堆積プロセスガスのシリコン含有成分は、SiH2Cl2であり、ゲルマニウム含有成分はGeH4であり、シリコン:ゲルマニウムの比は約1:20の範囲内であった。基板214の上面216と放射線源208の間の間隔“d”(図2Aに示されるように)は約5cmであった。プロセス容積218は約7500ccであった。プロセス容積218へのプロセスガスの総流量は約30slmであった。SiH2Cl2の流量は100sccmであり、水素中の1容積%GeH4の流量は、300sccm〜500sccmに変化できた(3sccm〜5sccmのGeH4を供給する)。プロセス容積218内の圧力は10であった。加えられた出力密度は2mW/cm2であった。
実施例3
[0061]図4は、膜形成中にプロセス容積内で172nm放射線を用いることによる、シリコン/ゲルマニウム膜の成長速度の増加を示すグラフ400である。成長速度は、膜成長が行われる基板温度の関数として示される。プロセス条件は上記図3の条件であった。基板温度は目盛り402に℃で示され、シリコン/ゲルマニウム膜の成長速度の増加は目盛り404で示され、曲線406は、プロセス容積内の172nm放射線の存在により、より低い温度で有益な効果が増加することを示す関係を表している。
実施例4
[0062]図5は、HCl:GeH4(水素中1容積%で)の流量比の関数として、プロセス容積内で172nmUV線を用いて、また、それを用いずにシリコン・ゲルマニウム膜の選択的堆積の膜成長速度を示すグラフ500である。この流量比が約0.1未満である場合、堆積は非選択的、一括的SixGel-x膜成長になる。基板温度は650℃であり、プロセス容積内の圧力は10であり、出力密度は2mW/cm2であった。SiH2Cl2の流量は100sccmであり、水素中のGeH4の流量は約300sccm〜約500sccmであり、プロセスガスフィード中のSi:Geの容積比は、約100:3〜約100:5であった。HCl:(DCS+GeH4(水素中1%で)の容積流量比は目盛り502で示され、膜成長速度Å/分は目盛り504で示される。曲線508は、いかなる172nmの放射線入力もない場合の関係を表す。曲線506は、172nm放射線が2mW/cm2の出力密度で適用されている関係を表す。堆積は、HCl:(DCS+GeH4)比が増加するにつれて、より選択的である。HCl又はCl2又はHBrとシリコン含有前駆物質との容積比は、約0.05:1〜約50:1の範囲であってもよく、少なくとも0.05:1である。
実施例5
[0064]図7は、膜堆積が行われた温度の関数として、また、HCl:GeH4(水素中1容積%で)の流量比の関数として、選択的に堆積したシリコン・ゲルマニウム膜の膜厚の変化パーセントを示すグラフ700である。この流量比が約0.1未満である場合、堆積は非選択的、一括的SixGel-x膜成長になる。プロセス容積中の圧力は10であり、出力密度は2mW/cm2であった。SiH2Cl2の流量は100sccmであり、水素中1容積%のGeH4流量は約300sccm〜約500sccmであり、プロセスガスフィード中のSi:Geの容量比は、約100:3〜約100:5であった。HCl:(DCS+GeH4(水素中1%で)の容量流量比は目盛り702に示され、膜厚の増加パーセント(膜成長速度の表示)は目盛り704に示されている。曲線706は、膜堆積中の基板温度700℃に対する関係を示し、曲線710は、膜堆積中の基板温度650℃に対する関係を示している。より低い温度での膜堆積中のUV線の使用は膜成長速度に対する影響が非常に大きいことは容易に明らかである。
実施例6
[0067]図9は、シリコン源に用いられた前駆物質の関数として、また、172nm放射線の形で加えられた出力の関数として、一括的に堆積したシリコン・ゲルマニウム膜厚の増加パーセントを示すグラフである。加えた出力量は目盛り902にmW/cm2で示され、膜厚の増加は目盛り904に示されている。曲線906は、UV強化しない膜堆積と比べて、SiH4ベースのプロセスの場合の膜厚の増加パーセントを示し、曲線908は、UV線を膜成長速度の増加を可能にするために用いたときのSiH2Cl2ベースプロセスの場合の膜厚の増加パーセントを示している。塩素含有シリコン前駆物質成分が用いられる場合、膜成長速度がより速いことは容易に明らかである。基板温度は650℃であり、プロセス容積の圧力は10であり、SiH2Cl2の流量は100sccmであり、GeH4(水素中1%で)の流量は300sccmであった。SiH4の流量は100sccmであり、GeH4(水素中1%で)の流量は300sccmであった。これらの流量は、シリコン含有前駆物質がDCSであった場合、SiGe膜中ゲルマニウム原子濃度が約17.5%であり、シリコン含有前駆物質がSiH4であった場合、約10%であった。
Claims (4)
- シリコン含有膜のエピタキシャル成長を可能にする表面を得るために処理容積内においてシリコン含有膜に適用して使われる基板表面を洗浄及び不動態化する方法であって、前記洗浄及び不動態化する方法が、
前記処理容積内の水素分圧を0.1Torrから100Torrとする濃度の水素の使用を、前記処理容積内の波長を180nm〜120nmの範囲とするエキシマUVランプからの一定の放射線の使用と組み合わせて含み、ここで、前記放射線の出力密度が1mW/cm2 〜25mW/cm2の範囲にあり、
前記洗浄及び不動態化方法が500℃〜750℃の範囲にある温度で行われる、前記方法。 - 前記出力密度が2mW/cm2〜10mW/cm2の範囲にあり、前記洗浄及び不動態化方法が650℃〜500℃の範囲にある温度で行われる、請求項1記載の方法。
- 基板処理容積内の全圧が5Torr〜30Torrの範囲にある、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記温度が、前記洗浄及び不動態化方法の間、一定である、請求項2又は請求項3記載の方法。
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WO2005124838A1 (en) | 2005-12-29 |
CN100539021C (zh) | 2009-09-09 |
JP2008502580A (ja) | 2008-01-31 |
US20050277272A1 (en) | 2005-12-15 |
US20060258124A1 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
JP2012089861A (ja) | 2012-05-10 |
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