JP2008544540A - 発光素子及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
発光素子及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明は、基板、該基板の上に形成されたN型半導体層及び該N型半導体層の上に形成されたP型半導体層を有し、前記N型半導体層またはP型半導体層を含む側面が水平面から20〜80°の勾配を有する発光素子及びその製造方法を提供する。また、本発明は、N型半導体層及び該N型半導体層の上に形成されたP型半導体層を含む多数の発光セルが形成された基板及び前記基板がフリップチップボンディングされるサブマウント基板を備え、前記一方の発光セルのN型半導体層とそれに隣り合う他方の発光セルのP型半導体層が接続され、前記発光セルの少なくともP型半導体層を含む側面が水平面から垂直ではなく所定の勾配を有する発光素子及びその製造方法を提供する。本発明は、発光素子の発光効率、外部量子効率、取出効率などの特性を高めると共に信頼性を確保することにより、高光度、高輝度の光を発光することが可能になるというメリットがある。
【選択図】図2
Description
図1を参照すれば、発光素子は、基板1と、基板1の上に形成されたN型半導体層2と、該N型半導体層2の一部に形成された活性層3と、P型半導体層4と、を備えている。これは、前記基板1の上にN型半導体層2、活性層3、P型半導体層4を順次に形成した後、所定の領域のP型半導体層4と活性層3をエッチングしてN型半導体層2の一部を露出させ、その露出されたN型半導体層2の上面とP型半導体層2の上面にそれぞれ所定の電圧を印加するためのものである。
図2を参照すれば、発光素子は、ベース基板1の上に順次に形成されたN型半導体層2と、活性層3及びP型半導体層4を備え、さらに、金属バンプ8、9を用いて前記ベース基板1をフリップチップボンディングしたサブマウント基板5を備えている。このために、所定の基板1の上にN型半導体層2と、活性層3及びP型半導体層4を順次に形成し、P型半導体層4と活性層3の一部をエッチングすることによりN型半導体層2を露出させて発光セルを形成する。また、別のサブマウント基板5を用意して第1及び第2の電極6、7を形成し、第1の電極6の上にはP型金属バンプ8を形成し、第2の電極7の上にはN型金属バンプ9を形成する。この後、前記発光セルを前記サブマウント基板5にボンディングするが、発光セルのP電極をP型金属バンプ8に、N電極をN型金属バンプ9にボンディングして発光素子を作製する。このような従来のフリップチップ構造の発光素子は、放熱効率が高く、且つ、光の遮蔽がほとんどないことから、光効率が既存の発光素子に比べて50%以上増大するという効果があり、発光素子の駆動のための金線が不要になることから、種々の小型パッケージへの応用も考えられている。
また、全反射される相当量の光は内部反射により外部に放出されないままで発光素子の内部において消滅されてしまう。すなわち、電気エネルギーが光エネルギーに変換されて素子の外部に抜け出る発光効率が低いという不都合がある。
前記一方の発光セルのN型半導体層とそれに隣り合う他方の発光セルのP型半導体層が接続され、前記発光セルのN型半導体層またはP型半導体層を含む側面が水平面から20〜80°の勾配を有することを特徴とする発光素子を提供する。前記一方の発光セルのN型半導体層とそれに隣り合う他方の発光セルのP型半導体層を接続するための配線をさらに備えてもよい。前記P型半導体層の上に透明電極層をさらに備えてもよく、前記P型半導体層及び前記N型半導体層の上にCrまたはAuを含むP型オーミック金属層及びN型オーミック金属層をそれぞれさらに備えてもよい。
図3を参照すれば、発光素子は、基板10と、基板10の上に順次に形成されたN型半導体層20と、活性層30及びP型半導体層40を備えている。前記P型半導体層40と、活性層30及び所定の部分のN型半導体層20の側面は水平面から80〜20°の勾配を有し、この側面から光の臨界角を変えて容易に光を取り出すことができるので、発光素子の発光効率を改善することができる。
図4Aを参照すれば、基板10の上にN型半導体層20と、活性層30及びP型半導体層40を順次に形成する。
本発明による第2の実施形態は、第1の実施形態とほとんど同様である。単に相違点があれば、第2の実施形態は、ウェーハのレベルで多数の発光セルを直列、並列または直並列など種々に接続して素子を小型化させ、適正な電圧及び電流に駆動して照明として使用可能である他、交流電源においても駆動可能な発光素子を提供するということである。以下では、上述した第1の実施形態と重なる部分の説明は省く。
本発明による第3の実施形態は第2の実施形態とほとんど同様である。単に相違点があれば、第2の実施形態においては、先ず、N型半導体層20を露出させた後、発光セル間の分離のために露出されたN型半導体層20の一部を除去していたが、第3の実施形態においては、先ず、多数の発光セルを分離した後、N型半導体層20の一部を露出させているところにある。以下では、上記の第2の実施形態と重なる説明は省く。
本発明による第4の実施形態は第3の実施形態とほとんど同様である。単に相違点があれば、第3の実施形態においては、ブリッジ工程により隣り合う発光セルのN型半導体層とP型半導体層を電気的に接続する導電性配線を形成していたが、第4の実施形態においては、ステップカバレジ工程により上記の導電性配線を形成するところにある。以下では、上記の第3の実施形態と重なる説明は省く。
図8を参照すれば、ベース基板110の上に順次に形成された発光層、すなわち、N型半導体層120、活性層130及びP型半導体層140を備え、さらに、金属バンプ150、155を用いて前記発光層が形成されたベース基板110とフリップチップボンディングされるサブマウント基板200を備える。前記P型半導体層140、活性層130及びN型半導体層120を備える発光層の側面は水平面から20〜80°の勾配を有し、この側面から光の臨界角を変えて容易に光を取り出すことができ、発光素子の発光効率を改善することができる。
図9Aを参照すれば、ベース基板110の上にN型半導体層120、活性層130及びP型半導体層140を順次に形成する。
ベース基板110とは、発光素子を製作するための通常のウェーハを言い、Al2O3、ZnO、LiAl2O3などの透明基板を用いる。この実施形態においては、サファイア製の透明な結晶成長基板が用いられている。
加えて、発光層の上部に必ずしもN型及びP型金属バンプ150、155が形成されるわけではなく、サブマウント基板200の上にそれぞれの金属バンプが形成されてもよい。
本発明による第6の実施形態は第5の実施形態とほとんど同様である。単に相違点があれば、第6の実施形態においては、ウェーハのレベルで多数の発光セルを直列、並列または直並列など種々に接続して素子を小型化させ、適正な電圧及び電流に駆動して照明として使用可能であり、交流電源においても駆動可能なフリップチップ構造の発光素子を提供することである。以下では、上述した実施形態と重なる説明は省く。
本発明による第7の実施形態は第6の実施形態とほとんど同様である。単に相違点があれば、第7の実施形態においては、図10Bに示すように、側面が種々の勾配を有するようにエッチングして多数の発光セルを分離した後、N型半導体層を露出させるためにエッチングする場合にも、同じエッチング工程を用いて発光素子を製造できることである。すなわち、図11に示すように、N型半導体層120が露出されるようにエッチングされるP型半導体層140と活性層130の側面が種々の勾配を有するようにできる。
20、120:N型半導体層、
30、130:活性層、
40、140:P型半導体層、
50、55:ボンディングパッド、
60、160:配線、
200:サブマウント基板、
210、215:金属バンプ、
220:ボンディング層
Claims (16)
- 基板の上にN型半導体層及び該N型半導体層の一部に形成されたP型半導体層を含む発光セルを多数備え、
前記一方の発光セルのN型半導体層とそれに隣り合う他方の発光セルのP型半導体層が接続され、前記発光セルのN型半導体層またはP型半導体層を含む側面が水平面から20〜80°の勾配を有することを特徴とする発光素子。 - 前記一方の発光セルのN型半導体層とそれに隣り合う他方の発光セルのP型半導体層を接続するための配線をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発光素子。
- 前記P型半導体層の上に透明電極層をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の発光素子。
- 前記P型半導体層及び前記N型半導体層の上にCrまたはAuを含むP型オーミック金属層及びN型オーミック金属層をそれぞれさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の発光素子。
- N型半導体層及び該N型半導体層の上に形成されたP型半導体層を含む多数の発光セルが形成された基板と、
前記基板がフリップチップボンディングされるサブマウント基板と、を備え、
前記一方の発光セルのN型半導体層とそれに隣り合う他方の発光セルのP型半導体層が接続され、前記発光セルの少なくともP型半導体層を含む側面が水平面から20〜80°の勾配を有することを特徴とする発光素子。 - 前記一方の発光セルのN型半導体層とそれに隣り合う他方の発光セルのP型半導体層を接続するための配線をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の発光素子。
- 基板の上にN型半導体層及びP型半導体層を順次に形成するステップと、
前記P型半導体層の上に側面が水平面から垂直ではなく所定の勾配を有するエッチングマスクパターンを形成するステップと、
前記エッチングマスクパターンにより露出されたP型半導体層及び前記エッチングマスクパターンを除去するステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする発光素子の製造方法。 - 前記P型半導体層の除去により露出されたN型半導体層の一部を除去して多数の発光セルを形成するステップと、
導電性配線を介して一方の発光セルのN型半導体層とそれに隣り合う他方の発光セルのP型半導体層を接続するステップと、
をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の発光素子の製造方法。 - 前記P型半導体層及び前記エッチングマスクパターンを除去するステップ後に、
前記基板を別のサブマウント基板にフリップチップボンディングするステップ
をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の発光素子の製造方法。 - 前記P型半導体層の除去により露出されたN型半導体層の一部を除去して多数の発光セルを形成するステップを含み、
前記P型半導体層及び前記エッチングマスクパターンを除去するステップ後に、
導電性配線を介して一方の発光セルのN型半導体層とそれに隣り合う他方の発光セルのP型半導体層を接続するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の発光素子の製造方法。 - 前記多数の発光セルを形成するステップは、
前記P型半導体層の上に側面が水平面から垂直ではなく所定の勾配を有するエッチングマスクパターンを形成するステップと、
前記エッチングマスクパターンにより露出されたP型半導体層及びN型半導体層を除去して多数の発光セルを形成するステップと、
前記エッチングマスクパターンを除去するステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項8又は10に記載の発光素子の製造方法。 - 前記導電性配線は、ブリッジ工程またはステップカバレジ工程により一方の発光セルのN型半導体層とそれに隣り合う他方の発光セルのP型半導体層を接続するものであることを特徴とする請求項8又は10に記載の発光素子の製造方法。
- 前記エッチングマスクパターンを形成するステップにおいて、
3〜50?の厚さの感光膜が用いられることを特徴とする請求項7から10のいずれかに記載の発光素子の製造方法。 - 前記エッチングマスクパターンを形成するステップは、
前記P型半導体層の上に前記感光膜を塗布するステップと、
所定のマスクパターンに応じて前記感光膜を露光するステップと、
前記露光後に、ベーク工程を行うことなく現像を行うステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の発光素子の製造方法。 - 前記エッチングマスクパターンを形成するステップは、
前記P型半導体層の上に前記感光膜を塗布するステップと、
所定のマスクパターンに応じて前記感光膜を露光するステップと、
100〜140℃の温度下でハードベークを行うステップと、
現像を行うステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の発光素子の製造方法。 - 前記P型半導体層及び前記エッチングマスクパターンを除去するステップ後に、
前記基板の背面を所定の厚さだけ除去するステップと、
前記基板の背面にAl、Ti、Ag、W、Ta、Ni、Ruまたはこれらの合金を蒸着するステップと、
をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項7又は8に記載の発光素子の製造方法。
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US9577157B2 (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2017-02-21 | Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. | Light emitting diode chip having distributed Bragg reflector and method of fabricating the same |
US10128306B2 (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2018-11-13 | Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. | Light emitting diode chip having distributed bragg reflector and method of fabricating the same |
US10141480B2 (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2018-11-27 | Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. | Light emitting diode chip having distributed Bragg reflector and method of fabricating the same |
KR20110093587A (ko) * | 2010-02-12 | 2011-08-18 | 서울옵토디바이스주식회사 | 분포 브래그 반사기를 갖는 발광 다이오드 칩 및 그 제조방법 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2750194A1 (en) | 2014-07-02 |
JP2014112713A (ja) | 2014-06-19 |
US9929208B2 (en) | 2018-03-27 |
US20100078658A1 (en) | 2010-04-01 |
US8895957B2 (en) | 2014-11-25 |
WO2006137711A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 |
EP1897151A4 (en) | 2010-03-10 |
US8476648B2 (en) | 2013-07-02 |
US20080251796A1 (en) | 2008-10-16 |
US20100006870A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
US20130341592A1 (en) | 2013-12-26 |
EP2161752A2 (en) | 2010-03-10 |
US10340309B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 |
US9627435B2 (en) | 2017-04-18 |
EP2161752A3 (en) | 2010-03-24 |
JP5554792B2 (ja) | 2014-07-23 |
US7977691B2 (en) | 2011-07-12 |
US20170186810A1 (en) | 2017-06-29 |
US8704246B2 (en) | 2014-04-22 |
US7951626B2 (en) | 2011-05-31 |
EP2161752B1 (en) | 2015-08-12 |
US20100047943A1 (en) | 2010-02-25 |
JP2010034608A (ja) | 2010-02-12 |
US20160087003A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 |
US9209223B2 (en) | 2015-12-08 |
US7723737B2 (en) | 2010-05-25 |
US20180175105A1 (en) | 2018-06-21 |
EP1897151A1 (en) | 2008-03-12 |
US20130234173A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 |
JP2012084933A (ja) | 2012-04-26 |
US20150102367A1 (en) | 2015-04-16 |
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