EP3112177B1 - Beschichtungseinrichtung und zugehöriges beschichtungsverfahren - Google Patents
Beschichtungseinrichtung und zugehöriges beschichtungsverfahren Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3112177B1 EP3112177B1 EP16001688.7A EP16001688A EP3112177B1 EP 3112177 B1 EP3112177 B1 EP 3112177B1 EP 16001688 A EP16001688 A EP 16001688A EP 3112177 B1 EP3112177 B1 EP 3112177B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coating agent
- coating
- print head
- accordance
- nozzles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
- B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
- B41J3/4073—Printing on three-dimensional objects not being in sheet or web form, e.g. spherical or cubic objects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
- B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/14—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
- B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
- B05C11/1002—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves
- B05C11/1005—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material already applied to the surface, e.g. coating thickness, weight or pattern
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
- B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
- B05C11/1002—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves
- B05C11/1015—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to a conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature ; responsive to position or movement of the coating head relative to the target
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
- B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
- B05C11/1002—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves
- B05C11/1015—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to a conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature ; responsive to position or movement of the coating head relative to the target
- B05C11/1018—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to a conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature ; responsive to position or movement of the coating head relative to the target responsive to distance of target
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
- B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
- B05C11/1036—Means for supplying a selected one of a plurality of liquids or other fluent materials, or several in selected proportions, to the applying apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
- B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
- B05C11/1044—Apparatus or installations for supplying liquid or other fluent material to several applying apparatus or several dispensing outlets, e.g. to several extrusion nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
- B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
- B05C5/027—Coating heads with several outlets, e.g. aligned transversally to the moving direction of a web to be coated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
- B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/08—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
- B05B12/12—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus
- B05B12/122—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus responsive to presence or shape of target
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
- B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
- B05B13/0431—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with spray heads moved by robots or articulated arms, e.g. for applying liquid or other fluent material to 3D-surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
- B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
- B05B13/0447—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles
- B05B13/0452—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles the conveyed articles being vehicle bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B14/00—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material
- B05B14/40—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material for use in spray booths
- B05B14/43—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material for use in spray booths by filtering the air charged with excess material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
Definitions
- the invention relates to a coating device for coating, in particular painting of motor vehicle body components. Furthermore, the invention relates to a corresponding coating method.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view through a conventional paint shop for painting automotive body components.
- the vehicle body components to be painted are transported on a conveyor 1 at right angles to the plane through a painting booth 2, in which the vehicle body components are then painted by painting robots 3, 4 in a conventional manner.
- the painting robots 3, 4 have a plurality of pivotable robot arms and each lead via a multi-axis robot hand axis an application device, such as a rotary atomizer, an air atomizer or a so-called airless device.
- a disadvantage of these known application devices is the non-optimal application efficiency, so that a designated as overspray part of the sprayed paint does not land on the vehicle body part to be painted and must be removed with the cabin air from the spray booth 2. Therefore, a so-called plenum 5, is introduced from the air through a ceiling 6 of the spray booth 2 down in the direction of arrow in the paint booth 2 above the spray booth 2. The cabin air then passes with the contained therein overspray down from the spray booth 2 in a below the spray booth 2 located leaching 7, in which the overspray is removed again from the cabin air and bound to water.
- the shipssink Malawi in the spray booth 2 must be at least in the range of about 0.3-0.5 m / s in order to quickly remove the resulting during painting overspray from the spray booth 2.
- ATEX At phere ex plosible
- the known application devices are also associated with high operating costs due to the paint losses and the disposal costs for disposal of the overspray due to the resulting in operation overspray.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a corresponding improvement.
- EP 1 449 667 A1 discloses an ink jet printer for generating image pixels having different gray levels.
- two adjacent print heads are provided in various embodiments, each containing a plurality of arranged in a row nozzles of different sizes to produce correspondingly different sized ink drops.
- the nozzles of one printhead are larger than the nozzles of the other printhead, while in a second embodiment, both printheads alternately contain large and small nozzles, each large and small nozzles being adjacent the row in the transverse direction.
- drops from both print heads are mixed with each other.
- JP H09-164706 A discloses a further inkjet printer for printing lines of paper with the individual pixels, for example of letters, with several rows of nozzles of different sizes producing dots of different sizes which can superimpose respective desired gray values in the individual rows.
- the invention comprises the general technical teaching of using an application device with such a high degree of application efficiency that leaching can be dispensed with, in which convention the overspray is washed out of the cabin air.
- An advantage of the coating device according to the invention is therefore in the preferred embodiment is that can be dispensed with a separate leaching.
- the invention is not on Limited painting, which have no leaching at all. Rather, by the use of application equipment with a higher order efficiency, the possibility of a smaller dimensioning of the leaching, if a complete waiver is not possible.
- the application device is a printhead, as used in similar form, for example in inkjet printers.
- it may be a bubble jet printhead or a piezo printhead.
- the invention is not limited to Bubble Jet printheads and piezo printheads in terms of the technical principle of the printhead used, but in principle also with other ejection mechanisms feasible.
- the print head ejects the coating agent pneumatically.
- the individual coating agent drops can be ejected by short air pulses, which the coating agent drops in the direction of the coated Speed component, whereby the painting distance can be increased.
- the print head can eject the coating agent optionally in individual coating agent droplets or continuously.
- a part of the coating agent nozzles of the print head continuously ejects the coating agent, whereas another part of the coating agent nozzles of the print head ejects the coating agent in individual coating agent droplets.
- the print head is positioned by a multi-axis robot, wherein the robot preferably comprises a plurality of pivotable robot arms and a multi-axis robot hand axis to which the print head is mounted.
- the printhead in the coating device according to the invention preferably has a much larger surface coating performance, preferably greater than 1m 2 / min., 2m 2 / min., 3 m 2 per minute or 4m 2 / min. is.
- the printhead in the coating device according to the invention must also be able to apply liquid lacquers which contain solid lacquer constituents, such as, for example, pigments and so-called metallic flakes (Mika's).
- the individual coating agent nozzles of the print head are therefore preferably adapted in terms of their size to the solid paint components, so that the print head can also apply paints with the solid paint components.
- the application device is preferably arranged in a painting booth in which the components are coated with the coating agent.
- paint booths are known from the prior art and therefore need not be described in detail.
- the printheads used in the context of the invention as application devices have a much greater application efficiency than conventional application devices, such as rotary atomizers.
- the leaching located below the spray booth can therefore be dimensioned substantially smaller than in conventional spray booths with rotary atomizers as application devices.
- the high degree of application efficiency of the printheads used as application devices even allows a complete elimination of leaching or other complex filtering measures, such as dry separation or the like. below the paint booth. Sufficient are in In this case, simple filters that are replaced or cleaned cyclically (eg weekly, monthly, semi-annual or yearly).
- the high degree of application efficiency of the printheads used as application devices in the invention makes it possible to dispense with explosion protection measures in accordance with the relevant statutory ATEX directives, since less overspray is generated and therefore no potentially explosive atmosphere arises during operation. In one embodiment of the invention, therefore, no explosion protection is provided in the paint booth.
- an air extraction system which sucks the cabin air out of the painting booth, with the suction preferably taking place downwards.
- the cabin air is in this case preferably sucked off by an air filter which filters the overspray from the cabin air, wherein the air filter may be formed, for example, as a filter cover, which is arranged at the bottom of the paint booth, so that the cabin air sucked through the filter cover from the paint booth down becomes.
- the air sink rate in the spray booth can be lower than in conventional spray booths, which use, for example, rotary atomizers as application devices.
- the air sink rate in the paint booth can therefore be less than 0.5 m / s, 0.4 m / s, 0.3 m / s, 0.2 m / s or 0.1 m / s.
- At least one color changer is associated with the print head, which is connected on the output side to the print head and supplied with various coating agents on the input side, so that the color changer selects one of the coating agents and feeds the print head with the selected coating agent.
- the color changer on the input side can be supplied with various effect coatings, such as special paints, metallic paints or mica paints.
- the color changer outputs on the output side each a group of several coating agent nozzles with the same coating agent, wherein the coating agent nozzles can be arranged, for example, in a row, for example in a row or a column.
- the color changer on the input side can be preceded by a color mixer, which is supplied on the input side with differently colored coating agents in the primary colors of a color system (for example CMYK color system).
- the color mixer can then mix together a desired color tone from the different primary colors of the respective color system and provide it to the color changer for selection.
- the color changer in this embodiment is preferably supplied with at least one effect varnish, for example a mica varnish, a metallic varnish and / or a special varnish.
- the color changer can then either select the color shade mixed together by the color mixer or access one of the effect colors.
- the coating agent nozzles in the print head can be arranged in rows, for example, in rows and columns.
- the coating agent nozzles are thus arranged in the form of a matrix in the printing head.
- a part of the coating agent nozzles of the print head is connected to a first coating agent feed line, while a second part of the coating agent nozzles of the print head is connected to a second coating agent feed line, so that the print head can apply two different coating agents.
- the coating agent nozzles in the individual rows of nozzles are in this case connected alternately with the one coating agent supply line or with the other coating agent supply line.
- the print head has at least one separate coating agent nozzle, which applies only effect paint with effect particles contained therein.
- the print head then preferably has at least one further coating agent nozzle which applies normal paint which contains no effect particles. The various coating agent nozzles can then be adjusted accordingly.
- the coating agent nozzles in the print head are preferably arranged in matrix form in a plurality of rows and columns.
- the adjacent rows of nozzles can be arranged offset from each other in the longitudinal direction, in particular by half a nozzle width, which allows a maximum packing density of the coating agent nozzles in the nozzle head.
- the individual rows of nozzles are preferably aligned transversely, in particular at right angles to the feed direction of the nozzle head.
- nozzle rows with large coating agent nozzles and rows of nozzles with small coating agent nozzles may be arranged alternately in the print head. It may be useful if the nozzle rows are arranged offset with the larger coating agent nozzles relative to each other, in particular by half a nozzle width.
- the print head is rotatably mounted and rotates during the coating.
- the printhead different sized coating agent nozzles , wherein the smaller coating agent nozzles are preferably arranged closer to the axis of rotation of the print head than the larger coating agent nozzles.
- a plurality of print heads are provided, which are guided jointly by a multi-axis robot and are pivotable relative to one another, which allows adaptation to curved component surfaces.
- the surface areas of the print head eg lines
- a wear-reducing coating such as, for example, a DLC coating (DLC: diamond-like carbon), a diamond coating, a hard metal or a material combination of a hard and a soft material.
- the surface areas of the print head which come into contact with the coating agent can be coated with titanium nitride, titanium oxide or chemical nickel or with another layer which is PVC (Physical Vapor Deposition) in the CVD process (CVD: Chemical Vapor Deposition ) or in the anodizing process (anodizing: electrolytic oxidation of aluminum) or provided with an "easy-to-clean" coating.
- electrostatic coating agent charging and / or compressed air assist may be provided.
- Another possibility is a position detection which detects the spatial position of the print head and / or the component surface to be coated and controls or regulates the positioning of the print head accordingly.
- the "mixing space” may be a mixing chamber, a piece of tubing or a mixing system (e.g., Keenix mixer).
- a mixing system e.g., Keenix mixer.
- the dosing technique can also be inkjet technology.
- the required amount of individual droplets that are dependent on the opening time of the nozzle and the pressure can be generated.
- These inkjet nozzles in turn mix the color in a mixing room.
- the senor is mounted on the printhead or on the robot, but in principle other constructions are possible.
- the sensor can detect the preceding painting track, so that the current painting track can be applied in a specific relative position relative to the preceding painting track.
- the senor is an optical sensor, but in principle, other types of sensors are possible.
- the aforesaid guideway may also be a separate web which is applied only for guidance purposes and may comprise, for example, a normally invisible color which is visible to the sensor only when illuminated with ultraviolet (UV) or infrared (IR) light.
- UV ultraviolet
- IR infrared
- a laser measuring system can also detect the distance to the surface of the component to be coated and keep it constant within the scope of a regulation.
- a robot controller is provided, which is connected on the input side to the sensor and on the output side to the robot, the robot controller controlling the Printhead positioned as a function of the course of the guideway.
- the printhead has an enveloped stream nozzle which emits an enveloping stream of air or another gas, the enveloping stream enveloping the coating medium stream emitted from the coating compound nozzle in order to atomize or delineate the coating agent droplets.
- this envelope flow in the form of an air curtain can direct the resulting overspray on the component surface, whereby the order efficiency is improved.
- the printhead has a plurality of coating agent nozzles juxtaposed with respect to the web direction, with the outer coating agent nozzles delivering less coating agent than the inner coating nozzles, resulting in a corresponding layer thickness of the pitch transverse to the web direction. It is not necessarily arranged nozzles in a row. It can be controlled for each nozzle and each pixel, the amount of color. By different amounts of color z. B. also controlled the hue intensity. In this case, there is the possibility that the layer thickness distribution is a Gaussian normal distribution. Alternatively, there is the possibility that the amount of coating agent dispensed from the individual coating agent nozzles is selected such that the layer thickness distribution is a trapezoidal distribution. Such a trapezoidal layer thickness distribution is advantageous because the adjacent coating center webs can overlap one another such that the superimposition of the trapezoidal layer thickness distributions of the adjacent coating center webs leads to a constant layer thickness.
- the components to be coated are conveyed along a conveying path, which is known per se from the prior art of paint shops and therefore need not be described in detail.
- a portal spans the conveying path, wherein on the portal numerous print heads are mounted, which are directed to the components on the conveying path and coat these components.
- the invention also includes a corresponding coating method, as already apparent from the above description.
- the technology according to the invention can also be used for the targeted coating of cut edges of pre-coated sheets, stamped sheets or for the efficient sealing of seams and edges
- FIG. 2 shows a painting according to the invention, which partially with the initially described and in FIG. 1
- FIG. 2 shows a painting according to the invention, which partially with the initially described and in FIG. 1
- a special feature of the painting plant according to the invention consists firstly in that the painting robots 3, 4 as application device no rotary atomizers lead, but printheads 8, 9, which have a much larger order efficiency of more than 95% and therefore produce significantly less overspray.
- this offers the advantage that in accordance with the conventional paint shop FIG. 1 existing leaching 7 can be dispensed with.
- an air suction 10 located in the paint shop according to the invention under the spray booth 2, an air suction 10, which sucks the cabin air through a filter cover 11 down from the spray booth 2.
- the filter cover 11 filters out the excess air in the cabin air overspray out without the leaching 7 is required as in the conventional painting.
- the printheads 8, 9 operate in this embodiment as conventional printheads according to the piezo principle, however, the surface coating performance of the printheads 8, 9 compared to conventional printheads substantially larger, so that the motor vehicle body components can be painted with a satisfactory operating speed.
- FIG. 3 shows a coating agent nozzle 12, which is arranged in each case in the print heads 8, 9 in addition to numerous other coating agent nozzles, wherein the coating agent nozzle 12 is supplied by a color changer 13 with the coating agent to be applied.
- the color changer 13 On the input side, the color changer 13 is connected to a total of seven coating agent supply lines, of which the color changer 13 can select one for coating agent supply of the coating agent nozzle 12.
- the other three coating agent supply lines of the color changer 13 on the other hand serve to supply a metallic lacquer, a mica lacquer and a special lacquer.
- the desired hue of the coating agent is mixed on the vehicle body component to be coated, with either temporal or local mixing being possible.
- successively coating agent droplets in the primary colors C, M, Y and K are applied in the desired color ratio, so that the coating agent droplets then mix on the motor vehicle body component to be coated.
- coating agent droplets of a specific base color C, M, Y or K are applied from the coating agent nozzle, which then mix on the vehicle body components to be coated with other coating agent droplets which are applied by another coating agent nozzle not shown here.
- FIG. 4A shows a group of coating agent nozzles 16.1-16.5, which are connected together with the output of a color changer 17 and therefore apply the same coating agent in operation.
- the color changer 17 is connected on the input side to seven coating agent supply lines, four of the coating agent supply lines supplying the primary colors C, M, Y, K of the CMYK color system, while the other three coating agent supply lines a metallic paint, a mica varnish or a special paint.
- FIG. 4B The embodiment according to FIG. 4B is largely consistent with that described above and in FIG. 4A illustrated embodiment, so reference is made to avoid repetition of the above description, wherein the same reference numerals are used for corresponding details.
- a special feature of this exemplary embodiment consists firstly in that the color changer 17 is connected on the output side to a total of six coating agent nozzles 16.1-16.6, which thus apply the same coating agent.
- Another special feature of this embodiment is that the color changer 17 is connected on the input side only with five coating agent supply lines, four of the coating agent leads the primary colors C, M, Y, K of the CMYK color system, whereas the fifth coating agent supply line supplies a special paint.
- FIG. 5 partially in accordance with the embodiment FIG. 4A to avoid repetition, reference is made to the above description, wherein like reference numerals are used for corresponding details.
- a special feature of this embodiment is that the color changer 17 is connected on the input side to a color mixer 18, wherein the color mixer 18 is connected on the input side to four coating agent supply lines, which supply the four primary colors C, M, Y, K of the CMYK color system.
- the color mixer 18 can therefore from the four basic colors C, M, Y, K mix any color and perform the color changer 17.
- the color changer 17 can optionally supply the coating agent nozzles 16.2, 16.3 and possibly also further coating agent nozzles, which are not shown in the drawing.
- the paint mixer 25 is supplied on the input side with the primary colors C, M, Y, K of the CMYK color system and mixes a desired hue in accordance with the control , which is then applied by the coating agent nozzles 16.1-16.4.
- the adjacent coating agent nozzle 16.5 is connected via the color changer 17 to three further coating agent supply lines which supply a metallic lacquer, a mica lacquer or a special lacquer.
- a special feature of the embodiment according to FIG. 7 is that the individual rows of nozzles 19.1-19.4 are not supplied with different primary colors, but with a mixed-together coating agent, which is mixed together by a color mixer 26 of the primary colors C, M, Y and K.
- FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment of a nozzle arrangement in the print heads 8, 9, wherein here four nozzle rows 28.1-28.4 are shown, each having numerous coating agent nozzles 29. All coating agent nozzles 29 and all coating agent series 28.1-28.4 are supplied together by a color changer 30 with the same coating agent.
- the color changer 30 is connected to three special color supply lines via which three special paints S1, S2, S3 are supplied.
- the color changer 30 is connected on the input side to a color mixer 31, which mixes a desired color tone from the primary colors C, M, Y, K and makes it available to the color changer 30 for selection.
- FIG. 9 partly in agreement with the one described above and in FIG. 8 illustrated embodiment, so reference is made to avoid repetition of the above description, wherein the same reference numerals are used for corresponding details.
- a special feature of this embodiment is that all coating agent nozzles 29 are connected in all nozzle rows 28.1-28.4 to a common coating agent supply line 31, via which the same coating agent is supplied.
- FIG. 10 shows a scheme for painting a sharp edge 39. It can be seen that the edge 39 is composed of different sized coating agent surfaces 40, 41, 42, wherein the different sized coating agent surfaces 40-42 are produced by correspondingly different sized coating agent nozzles.
- FIG. 11 schematically shows a rotatable printhead 43 with four large coating agent nozzles 44 and numerous smaller coating agent nozzles 45, wherein the larger coating agent nozzles 44 are arranged outside with respect to the axis of rotation of the printhead 43, while the smaller coating agent nozzles 45 are inside with respect to the axis of rotation of the printhead 43.
- FIG. 12 a printhead assembly 46 having a total of four print heads 47-50 which are pivotable relative to each other to allow a better fit to the surface of a curved member 51.
- FIG. 13 shows a pixel 52 which can be printed on a component 53 by means of a printing head using the coating method according to the invention, the pixel 52 being shown individually in the drawing for the sake of simplicity. In practice, however, numerous pixels 52 are applied.
- the pixel 52 consists of several layers 54-57, which are arranged one above the other.
- the three lower layers 55-57 consist of the primary colors red, green and blue of the RGB color system. Alternatively, however, there is also the possibility that the lower layers consist of the primary colors of another color system, such as the CMYK color system.
- the superimposed layers 55-57 then produce a specific hue by subtractive color mixing.
- the top layer on the other hand, consists of a semi-transparent metallic lacquer to achieve a metallic effect.
- FIG. 14 shows in greatly simplified form a coating device according to the invention with a multi-axis robot 58, which moves a print head 59 along predetermined coating medium paths over a component surface 60, wherein the robot 58 is controlled by a robot controller 61.
- the robot controller 61 controls the robot 58 in this case in such a way that the print head 59 is guided along the component surface 60 along predetermined coating middle paths, the coating middle webs lying next to one another in a meandering manner.
- a special feature here is that an optical sensor 62 is additionally attached to the print head 59, which detects the position and the course of the preceding coating middle web in operation so that the current coating middle web can be aligned exactly on the preceding coating middle web.
- FIG. 15 shows in greatly simplified form a variant of a coating device according to the invention with three separate coating agent feeds 63-65, each supplying a component of the coating agent to be applied.
- the coating agent feeders 63-65 are connected on the output side to a mixer 66 which mixes the individual components to form a coating agent mixture, which is then mixed a printhead 67 is supplied. The mixture of the various components of the coating agent is thus carried out before application by the print head 67.
- FIG. 16 shows in simplified form a print head 68, which applies three different components of a coating agent separately from each other on the component surface, wherein the mixture of the individual components takes place only on the component surface.
- FIG. 17 shows in schematic form a print head 69 for application of coating agent drops 70 on a component surface 71st
- the print head 69 in this case has a coating agent nozzle 72, from which the individual coating agent drops 70 are ejected pneumatically or in any other way.
- the print head 69 has an envelope flow nozzle 73 which annularly surrounds the coating agent nozzle 72 and emits an annular envelope flow surrounding the individual coating agent drops 70.
- this serves for atomization or delimitation of the individual coating agent drops 70.
- the sheath flow discharged by the sheath current nozzle 73 deflects any overspray in the direction of the component surface 71 and thereby improves the application efficiency.
- FIG. 18 also shows in greatly simplified form a printhead 69 according to the invention, which partly coincides with the printhead 69 according to FIG. 27, so that reference is made to the above description to avoid repetition with the same reference numerals being used for corresponding details.
- a peculiarity of this embodiment is that the individual coating agent drops 70 are pneumatically ejected from the coating agent nozzle 72, wherein the coating agent drops 70 are pneumatically accelerated, whereby the maximum possible Lackierabstand is increased because the individual coating agent drops 70 due to the pneumatic acceleration correspondingly greater genetic energy to have.
- FIG. 19 shows in a highly simplified form a printhead 74 in the application of two adjacent coating paths, wherein the position of the print head 74 is designated in the current Lackierbahn without apostrophe, whereas the position of the print head 74 'is marked in the previous Lackierbahn with an apostrophe.
- the printhead 74 has a plurality of coating agent nozzles 75 juxtaposed transversely to the web direction, with the outer coating agent nozzles 75 delivering less coating agent than the inner coating nozzles 75.
- the printhead 74 creates a trapezoidal layer thickness distribution 76 on the component surface the trapezoidal layer thickness distribution 76 is then superimposed with the likewise trapezoidal layer thickness distribution 76 'of the preceding coating path, which leads to a constant layer thickness.
- FIG. 20 shows in simplified form a coating device according to the invention, in which the components to be coated 77 along a linear conveying path 78 through a paint booth be transported, which is known per se from the prior art and therefore need not be described in detail.
- the conveying path 78 is in this case spanned by a portal 79, wherein on the portal numerous print heads 80 are mounted, which are directed to the components 77 on the conveying path 78 and coat them with a coating agent.
- FIG. 21 shows an embodiment of a nozzle assembly 37 with five parallel rows of nozzles 38.1-38.5 with relatively large nozzle openings and four nozzle rows 39.1-39.4 with relatively small nozzle openings.
- the special feature is a large packing density of the individual coating agent nozzles.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
- Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Details Or Accessories Of Spraying Plant Or Apparatus (AREA)
- Ink Jet (AREA)
- Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
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PL16001688T PL3112177T3 (pl) | 2008-10-24 | 2009-10-16 | Urządzenie do powlekania i przynależny sposób powlekania |
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DE102008053178A DE102008053178A1 (de) | 2008-10-24 | 2008-10-24 | Beschichtungseinrichtung und zugehöriges Beschichtungsverfahren |
EP09737368.2A EP2337688B8 (de) | 2008-10-24 | 2009-10-16 | Beschichtungseinrichtung und zugehöriges beschichtungsverfahren |
PCT/EP2009/007448 WO2010046064A1 (de) | 2008-10-24 | 2009-10-16 | Beschichtungseinrichtung und zugehöriges beschichtungsverfahren |
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EP09737368.2A Division-Into EP2337688B8 (de) | 2008-10-24 | 2009-10-16 | Beschichtungseinrichtung und zugehöriges beschichtungsverfahren |
EP09737368.2A Division EP2337688B8 (de) | 2008-10-24 | 2009-10-16 | Beschichtungseinrichtung und zugehöriges beschichtungsverfahren |
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EP3112177B1 true EP3112177B1 (de) | 2019-01-09 |
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EP16001688.7A Active EP3112177B1 (de) | 2008-10-24 | 2009-10-16 | Beschichtungseinrichtung und zugehöriges beschichtungsverfahren |
EP09737368.2A Active EP2337688B8 (de) | 2008-10-24 | 2009-10-16 | Beschichtungseinrichtung und zugehöriges beschichtungsverfahren |
EP18151709.5A Active EP3332979B1 (de) | 2008-10-24 | 2009-10-16 | Beschichtungseinrichtung und zugehöriges beschichtungsverfahren |
EP16001689.5A Active EP3115216B1 (de) | 2008-10-24 | 2009-10-16 | Beschichtungseinrichtung und zugehöriges beschichtungsverfahren |
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EP09737368.2A Active EP2337688B8 (de) | 2008-10-24 | 2009-10-16 | Beschichtungseinrichtung und zugehöriges beschichtungsverfahren |
EP18151709.5A Active EP3332979B1 (de) | 2008-10-24 | 2009-10-16 | Beschichtungseinrichtung und zugehöriges beschichtungsverfahren |
EP16001689.5A Active EP3115216B1 (de) | 2008-10-24 | 2009-10-16 | Beschichtungseinrichtung und zugehöriges beschichtungsverfahren |
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US (3) | US10150304B2 (es) |
EP (5) | EP3112176B1 (es) |
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DE (1) | DE102008053178A1 (es) |
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HU (4) | HUE032462T2 (es) |
PL (2) | PL2337688T3 (es) |
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