KR101670150B1 - 이름 발음을 위한 시스템 및 방법 - Google Patents
이름 발음을 위한 시스템 및 방법 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
이름을 수신하고, 이름의 음성 발음을 구성하도록 조합될 수 있는 복수의 단음절 성분들에 이름을 맵핑하고, 복수의 단음절 성분들 중 하나 이상을 선택하기 위한 사용자 입력을 수신하고, 복수의 단음절 성분들 중 선택된 하나 이상의 단음절 성분을 조합하여 이름의 음성 발음을 구성함으로써 음성 발음과 이름을 관련시키기 위한 시스템들 및 방법들이 제공된다.
Description
본 출원은 음성의 인식 및 합성에 관한 것이며, 보다 구체적으로는 이름(name) 발음의 인식 및 합성에 관한 것이다.
이름 인식은 음성 인식의 특히 어려운 일면이다. 이름들은 사람들, 비즈니스들 및 다른 엔티티(entity)들의 이름들을 포함할 수 있다. 이름들의 분포는 롱 테일(long tail)을 갖는다. 더구나, 이름들을 발음하는 방식은 주관적이며, 이름의 유래에 의존할 수 있다. 매우 일반적인 소수의 이름이 있을 수 있지만, 매우 드문 이름들은 그보다 한 자릿수(order of magnitude) 더 많을 수 있다. 음성 인식 시스템이 이름들을 인식하기 위해서는, 통상적으로 언어학자가 음성 인식 시스템이 배치된 장소 또는 언어에 의해 지원되는 음성 알파벳으로 모든 가능한 발음들을 문자화하는 것이 필요하다. 대부분의 기존 음성 인식 및 합성 시스템은 최대 수백 내지 수천 개의 이름을 갖는 반면, 현재 사용되고 있는 실제 고유 이름들은 아마도 수백만 개 정도이다.
통상적으로 현재의 음성 인식 시스템들은 사용자 디바이스의 콘택 애플리케이션(contact application) 내의 명명된 엔트리에 기초하는 전화 다이얼링, 검색 및 조회, 알림(reminder) 및 이벤트 스케줄링과 같은 작업들을 지원하기 위하여 이름 인식을 모델화한다. 이름을 인식 또는 합성하기 위해, 현재의 시스템들은 종종 사전(dictionary) 또는 어휘 목록(lexicon)을 사용한다. 이들은 이름들을 그들의 가능한 발음들에 맵핑하는 것을 포함한다. 그러나, 이름이 음성 어휘 목록 내에 모델화되지 않은 경우, 시스템은 발음을 추측해야 한다. 음성 합성의 목적을 위해, 시스템은 또한 이름 내에 포함된 개별 음절들에 대한 강세를 추측하는 것을 필요로 할 수 있다.
어휘 목록 내에 명확히 모델화되지 않은 이름들에 대해, 통상적으로 음성 인식 시스템들은 정교한 문자 대 사운드 규칙들을 이용하는 발음 추측기(pronunciation guesser)에 의존한다. 그러나, 소정의 음성 단위들은 특정 언어에 고유하므로, 동일한 이름이 상이한 사용자들에 의해 상이하게 발음될 수 있다. 따라서, 기존의 시스템들은 상이한 언어들 및 문화들로부터의 이름들의 발음을 모델화하는 적절한 발음 추측기를 형성하지 못한다. 많은 경우에, 추측기 내에 명확한 규칙들이 표현되지 않는 한, 외국 이름 발음은 적절히 추측되지 못할 수 있다.
본 출원은 다양한 구현들에서 이름들의 음성 발음을 효율적으로 그리고 알맞게 구성하기 위한 사용자 인터페이스를 제공하는 시스템들, 방법들 및 디바이스들을 제공한다.
일 태양에서, 시스템은 이름의 단음절 성분들의 사용자 선택에 기초하여 이름의 음성 발음을 생성한다. 시스템은 음성 발음과 이름을 관련시킬 수 있다. 시스템은 이름을 수신하도록 배열된 사용자 인터페이스를 포함할 수 있다. 시스템은 또한 이름의 음성 발음을 구성하도록 조합될 수 있는 복수의 단음절 성분들에 이름을 맵핑하도록 배열된 프로세서를 포함할 수 있다. 사용자 인터페이스는 또한 복수의 단음절 성분들 중 하나 이상을 선택하기 위한 사용자 입력을 수신하도록 배열될 수 있다. 또한, 프로세서는 복수의 단음절 성분들 중 선택된 하나 이상의 단음절 성분을 조합하여 이름의 음성 발음을 구성하도록 배열될 수 있다.
일 구성에서, 사용자 인터페이스는 사용자에게 음성 발음을 제공하도록 배열된다. 사용자 인터페이스는 음성 발음을 선택하거나 거절하기 위한 제2 사용자 입력을 수신하도록 배열될 수 있다. 사용자 인터페이스는 또한 복수의 단음절 성분들의 제1 부분을 사용자에게 디스플레이하도록 배열될 수 있다. 사용자 인터페이스는 복수의 단음절 성분들의 제1 부분 중 하나의 사용자 선택에 응답하여 단음절 성분들의 제2 부분을 디스플레이하도록 추가로 배열될 수 있다.
프로세서는 사용자와 관련된 콘택 애플리케이션 및/또는 다른 애플리케이션의 콘택 리스트(contact list)로부터 이름을 수신하도록 배열될 수 있다. 이름은 텍스트 포맷(text format)일 수 있다. 프로세서는 이름과 관련된 단음절 성분들 중 하나 이상을 포함하는 데이터 저장소 및/또는 데이터베이스에 조회하도록 배열될 수 있다. 단음절 성분들은 하나 이상의 언어, 문화 및/또는 장소와 관련된 성분들을 포함할 수 있다. 이름의 음성 발음의 구성은 오디오 파일의 생성을 포함할 수 있다.
다른 태양에서, 이름의 음성 발음과 관련된 사용 정보를 결정하기 위한 시스템은 하나 이상의 콘택 이름을 수신하도록 배열되는 서버를 포함할 수 있다. 시스템은 하나 이상의 이름과 관련된 하나 이상의 음성 발음을 저장하도록 배열되는 데이터 저장소를 포함할 수 있다. 서버는 하나 이상의 사용자 디바이스로부터 하나 이상의 이름과 관련된 하나 이상의 음성 발음의 지시(indication)를 수신하고, 하나 이상의 이름과 관련된 하나 이상의 음성 발음과 관련된 사용 데이터를 결정하도록 배열될 수 있다.
지시는 하나 이상의 음성 발음을 포함할 수 있다. 지시는 하나 이상의 사용자 디바이스로부터의 하나 이상의 음성 발음의 선택을 포함할 수 있다. 사용 데이터는 일정 기간 동안 지시가 수신되는 사례들의 양을 포함할 수 있다. 서버는 사용 데이터에 기초하여 이름과 관련된 음성 발음들 중 적어도 하나를 제1 사용자 디바이스에 제공하도록 배열될 수 있다.
다른 태양에서, 시스템은 복수의 발음 추측기들을 포함하고/하거나 그들을 구비할 수 있으며, 발음 추측기들 각각은 언어 또는 장소의 특정 음성 알파벳과 관련된다. 예를 들어, 음성 알파벳들은, 제한 없이, 영어, 불어, 독어, 스페인어 및 이태리어일 수 있다. 프로세서는 사용자와 관련된 언어 또는 장소를 결정하고, 제1 음성 알파벳(예컨대, 영어)을 사용자와 관련된 언어 또는 장소와 관련시킨다. 언어 및/또는 장소의 결정은 제조자 입력, 서비스 제공자 입력, 사용자 입력, 시스템의 위치와 관련된 지리 영역의 검출, 이름들의 타입들의 분석 및/또는 사용자에 의한 다른 단어들의 입력 등을 통해 이루어질 수 있다.
발음 추측기들 각각은 이름의 표현을 수신할 수 있다. 표현은 철자(orthographic)일 수 있다. 철자는 일반적으로 단어의 스펠링을 지칭할 수 있다. 철자 표현은 단어 및/또는 이름의 표현과 관련된 언어의 음소(phoneme)들 및/또는 심벌들(예컨대, 문자소들 및/또는 파생어)을 정의할 수 있다. 이어서, 복수의 발음 추측기들 각각은 이름의 하나 이상의 성분의 음성 발음을 추측할 수 있다. 이어서, 음성 맵퍼가 복수의 발음 추측기들 각각에 의해 추측된 이름의 하나 이상의 성분의 음성 발음을 제1 음성 알파벳에 맵핑하여, 추측된 발음들의 리스트를 생성할 수 있다. 음성 인식기가 이름의 오디오 발음을 수신한 후에, 발음될 때 이름의 오디오 발음과 실질적으로 그리고/또는 가장 잘 매칭되는 성분들의 조합을 추측된 발음들의 리스트로부터 선택할 수 있다.
이름의 하나 이상의 성분 각각은 사운드 단위, 음소, 단음절 성분, 특정 타입의 강세를 갖는 단음절 성분, 및 단어의 일부 중 적어도 하나를 포함할 수 있다. 프로세서(102)는 사용자와 관련된 언어 또는 장소를 식별할 수 있다. 발음 추측기들의 수는 사용자와 관련된 언어 또는 장소에 기초하여 결정될 수 있다. 복수의 발음 추측기들 각각의 타입은 사용자와 관련된 언어 또는 장소에 기초하여 결정될 수 있다. 발음 추측기의 타입은 발음 추측기와 관련된 언어 또는 장소의 타입을 포함할 수 있다.
일부 구현들에 따르면, 방법이 제공되며, 방법은 이름을 수신하는 단계; 이름을 복수의 단음절 성분들에 맵핑하는 단계 - 복수의 단음절 성분들의 적어도 서브세트(subset)가 이름의 음성 발음을 구성하도록 조합가능함 -; 복수의 단음절 성분들 중 하나 이상의 단음절 성분을 선택하기 위한 사용자 입력을 수신하는 단계; 및 복수의 단음절 성분들 중 선택된 하나 이상의 단음절 성분을 조합하여 이름의 음성 발음을 구성하는 단계를 포함한다.
일부 구현들에 따르면, 방법이 제공되며, 방법은 복수의 발음 추측기들을 제공하는 단계 - 복수의 발음 추측기들 각각은 언어 또는 장소의 각자의 음성 알파벳과 관련됨 -; 사용자 언어 또는 사용자 장소를 결정하는 단계; 제1 음성 알파벳을 사용자 언어 또는 사용자 장소와 관련시키는 단계; 각각의 발음 추측기에서 이름의 표현을 수신하는 단계; 각각의 발음 추측기에서, 이름의 하나 이상의 성분의 음성 발음을 추측하는 단계; 복수의 발음 추측기들 각각에 의해 추측된 이름의 하나 이상의 성분의 음성 발음을 제1 음성 알파벳에 맵핑하여, 추측된 발음들의 리스트를 생성하는 단계; 이름의 오디오 발음을 수신하는 단계; 및 발음될 때 이름의 오디오 발음과 실질적으로 매칭되는 성분들의 조합을 추측된 발음들의 리스트로부터 선택하는 단계를 포함한다.
일부 구현들에 따르면, 이름의 음성 발음들의 사용을 결정하기 위한 방법이 제공되며, 방법은 이름을 수신하는 단계; 이름과 관련된 하나 이상의 음성 발음을 저장하는 단계; 하나 이상의 사용자 디바이스로부터 이름과 관련된 하나 이상의 음성 발음의 지시를 수신하는 단계; 및 이름과 관련된 하나 이상의 음성 발음과 관련된 사용 데이터를 결정하는 단계를 포함한다.
일부 구현들에 따르면, 전자 디바이스는 하나 이상의 프로세서, 메모리 및 하나 이상의 프로그램을 포함하고, 하나 이상의 프로그램은 메모리에 저장되고, 하나 이상의 프로세서에 의해 실행되도록 구성되며, 하나 이상의 프로그램은 전술한 임의의 방법 및/또는 기술의 동작들을 수행하기 위한 명령어들을 포함한다. 일부 구현들에 따르면, 컴퓨터 판독가능 저장 매체는 그 안에 명령어들을 저장하며, 명령어들은 전자 디바이스에 의해 실행될 때 디바이스로 하여금 전술한 임의의 방법 및/또는 기술의 동작들을 수행하게 한다. 일부 구현들에 따르면, 전자 디바이스는 전술한 임의의 방법 및/또는 기술의 동작들을 수행하기 위한 수단을 포함한다. 일부 구현들에 따르면, 전자 디바이스에서 사용하기 위한 정보 프로세싱 장치는 전술한 임의의 방법 및/또는 기술의 동작들을 수행하기 위한 수단을 포함한다.
일부 구현들에 따르면, 전자 디바이스는 이름을 수신하고, 이름을 복수의 단음절 성분들에 맵핑하도록 구성되는 프로세싱 유닛을 포함하며, 여기서 복수의 단음절 성분들의 적어도 서브세트는 이름의 음성 발음을 구성하도록 조합될 수 있다. 전자 디바이스는 또한 프로세싱 유닛에 결합된 입력 수신 유닛을 포함하며, 입력 수신 유닛은 복수의 단음절 성분들 중 하나 이상을 선택하는 사용자 입력을 수신하도록 구성된다. 프로세싱 유닛은 복수의 단음절 성분들 중 선택된 하나 이상의 단음절 성분을 조합하여 이름의 음성 발음을 구성하도록 추가로 구성된다.
일부 구현들에 따르면, 전자 디바이스는 복수의 발음 추측 유닛들을 포함하는 프로세싱 유닛을 포함하며, 복수의 발음 추측 유닛들 각각은 언어 또는 장소의 각자의 음성 알파벳과 관련된다. 프로세싱 유닛은 사용자 언어 또는 사용자 장소를 결정하고; 제1 음성 알파벳을 사용자 언어 또는 사용자 장소와 관련시키고; 각각의 발음 추측 유닛에서 이름의 표현을 수신하고; 각각의 발음 추측 유닛에서, 이름의 하나 이상의 성분의 음성 발음을 추측하고; 복수의 발음 추측 유닛들 각각에 의해 추측된 이름의 하나 이상의 성분의 음성 발음을 제1 음성 알파벳에 맵핑하여, 추측된 발음들의 리스트를 생성하도록 구성된다. 전자 디바이스는 또한 프로세싱 유닛에 결합된 입력 수신 유닛을 포함하며, 입력 수신 유닛은 이름의 오디오 발음을 수신하도록 구성된다. 프로세싱 유닛은 발음될 때 이름의 오디오 발음과 실질적으로 매칭되는 성분들의 조합을 추측된 발음들의 리스트로부터 선택하도록 추가로 구성된다.
일부 구현들에 따르면, 전자 디바이스는 이름을 수신하도록 구성되는 프로세싱 유닛; 프로세싱 유닛에 결합된 저장 유닛 - 저장 유닛은 이름과 관련된 하나 이상의 음성 발음을 저장하도록 구성됨 -; 및 프로세싱 유닛에 결합된 지시 수신 유닛을 포함하며, 지시 수신 유닛은 하나 이상의 사용자 디바이스로부터 이름과 관련된 하나 이상의 음성 발음의 지시를 수신하도록 구성된다. 프로세싱 유닛은 이름과 관련된 하나 이상의 음성 발음과 관련된 사용 데이터를 결정하도록 추가로 구성된다.
본 발명의 원리들에 따른 이름 발음 시스템 및 인터페이스를 사용하는 것에 대한 다양한 장점들 및 응용들이 아래에서 더 상세히 설명된다.
본 출원의 상기 및 다른 특징들, 그의 특성 및 다양한 장점들은 첨부 도면들과 관련하여 취해진 아래의 상세한 설명을 고찰할 때 더 명백해질 것이며, 도면들에서 유사한 도면 부호들은 전반적으로 유사한 요소들을 나타낸다.
<도 1>
도 1은 사용자 구동 이름 발음 시스템의 컴포넌트들을 포함하는 다이어그램.
<도 2>
도 2는 사용자 구동 발음 시스템 내에서 실행되는 다양한 함수들, 애플리케이션들 및/또는 루틴들을 포함하는 컴퓨터 프로세싱 환경의 다이어그램.
<도 3>
도 3은 사용자 구동 이름 발음 시스템을 포함하는 네트워크의 다이어그램.
<도 4>
도 4는 콘택 리스트 또는 사용자 입력으로부터 이름의 발음을 생성하기 위한 프로세스의 흐름도.
<도 5>
도 5는 그의 단음절 성분들을 포함하는 이름의 디스플레이.
<도 6>
도 6은 그의 단음절 성분들을 포함하는 다른 이름의 디스플레이.
<도 7>
도 7은 그의 단음절 성분들을 포함하는 또 다른 이름의 디스플레이.
<도 8>
도 8은 이름의 음성 발음들을 결정하기 위한 시스템의 다이어그램.
<도 9>
도 9는 이름의 음성 발음을 생성하기 위한 프로세스의 흐름도.
<도 10>
도 10은 이름의 단음절 성분들의 사용자 선택에 기초하여 이름의 음성 발음을 생성하기 위한 다른 프로세스의 흐름도.
<도 11>
도 11은 이름의 음성 발음과 관련된 사용 정보를 결정하기 위한 프로세스의 흐름도.
<도 12>
도 12는 일부 실시예들에 따른 전자 디바이스의 기능 블록 다이어그램을 나타내는 도면.
<도 13>
도 13은 일부 실시예들에 따른 전자 디바이스의 기능 블록 다이어그램을 나타내는 도면.
<도 14>
도 14는 일부 실시예들에 따른 전자 디바이스의 기능 블록 다이어그램을 나타내는 도면.
<도 1>
도 1은 사용자 구동 이름 발음 시스템의 컴포넌트들을 포함하는 다이어그램.
<도 2>
도 2는 사용자 구동 발음 시스템 내에서 실행되는 다양한 함수들, 애플리케이션들 및/또는 루틴들을 포함하는 컴퓨터 프로세싱 환경의 다이어그램.
<도 3>
도 3은 사용자 구동 이름 발음 시스템을 포함하는 네트워크의 다이어그램.
<도 4>
도 4는 콘택 리스트 또는 사용자 입력으로부터 이름의 발음을 생성하기 위한 프로세스의 흐름도.
<도 5>
도 5는 그의 단음절 성분들을 포함하는 이름의 디스플레이.
<도 6>
도 6은 그의 단음절 성분들을 포함하는 다른 이름의 디스플레이.
<도 7>
도 7은 그의 단음절 성분들을 포함하는 또 다른 이름의 디스플레이.
<도 8>
도 8은 이름의 음성 발음들을 결정하기 위한 시스템의 다이어그램.
<도 9>
도 9는 이름의 음성 발음을 생성하기 위한 프로세스의 흐름도.
<도 10>
도 10은 이름의 단음절 성분들의 사용자 선택에 기초하여 이름의 음성 발음을 생성하기 위한 다른 프로세스의 흐름도.
<도 11>
도 11은 이름의 음성 발음과 관련된 사용 정보를 결정하기 위한 프로세스의 흐름도.
<도 12>
도 12는 일부 실시예들에 따른 전자 디바이스의 기능 블록 다이어그램을 나타내는 도면.
<도 13>
도 13은 일부 실시예들에 따른 전자 디바이스의 기능 블록 다이어그램을 나타내는 도면.
<도 14>
도 14는 일부 실시예들에 따른 전자 디바이스의 기능 블록 다이어그램을 나타내는 도면.
본 출원은 다양한 구현들에서 이름들의 음성 발음을 효율적으로 그리고 알맞게 구성하기 위한 사용자 인터페이스를 제공하는 시스템들, 방법들 및 디바이스들을 제공한다. 소정 구성들에서, 인터페이스는 사용자의 콘택으로부터의 임의의 이름을 복수의 단음절 성분들에 맵핑하여 이름의 올바른 발음을 구성하기 위한 애플리케이션을 구현하는 프로세서를 사용한다. 이름은 먼저 사용자에 의해 문자화 의도의 언어로 쉽게 발음되는 다수의 단음절 단어로 음절화될 수 있다. 음절은 모음, 이중 모음 또는 음절 자음에 의해 형성되는 단일의 연속된 사운드를 포함하는 구어의 단일 요소로서 간주될 수 있다. 사운드는 단일 자음 또는 다수의 자음에 의해 선행되거나 후속되거나 둘러싸일 수 있다.
소정 구성들에서, 인터페이스는 사용자가 그 자신의 단음절 단어들을 입력하여 이름의 발음을 정확하게 제공하는 것을 가능하게 한다. 인터페이스는 단음절 단어들의 시퀀스를 사용자에게 제공할 수 있으며, 사용자가 다양한 단음절 단어들을 선택하여 이름의 전체 발음을 형성하는 것을 가능하게 할 수 있다. 소정 구현들에서, 인터페이스는 사용자에게 선택된 발음과 관련된 오디오를, 사용자로 하여금 발음을 정밀화하는 것을 가능하게 하기 위한 피드백으로서 제공한다.
인터페이스는 사용자가 사용자의 콘택들의 리스트 내의 이름의 기초 발음을 가장 잘 근사화하는 하나 이상의 단음절 단어를 선택하고/하거나 단음절 단어들의 특정 시퀀스를 선택하는 것을 가능하게 할 수 있다. 인터페이스는 단음절 단어들 중 하나 이상의 단음절 단어의 효율적인 사용자 선택을 가능하게 하기 위한 터치 스크린을 포함할 수 있다. 인터페이스는 사용자에게 발음의 최상의 추측을 제공할 수 있다. 일 구현에서는, 정밀화된 발음이 음성 인식 기능에 의해 지원되는 음성 알파벳으로 문자화되며, 사용자의 동적 어휘의 어휘 목록의 일부로서 통합된다.
어휘 목록은 다수의 사용자로부터의 입력들에 기초하여 발음들을 크라우드 소싱(crowd-sourcing)하기 위한 프로세스의 일부로서 사용될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 사용되는 단음절 단어들의 타입들 및 소정의 단음절 단어들이 사용되는 빈도와 관련된 다수의 사용자로부터의 발음 데이터를 수집함으로써, 음성 이름들의 더 포괄적이고 적절한 어휘 목록을 생성하면서, 언어학자들을 고용하는 잠재적으로 상당한 비용을 줄이거나 없앨 수 있다. 이름 발음 시스템은 또한 사용자가 표준에서 벗어난 발음 추측기들에 의존하는 것이 아니라 일상 작업들에 대한 인식 및 합성을 위해 더 정확하게 발음된 이름들을 사용하는 것을 가능하게 한다.
도 1은 사용자 구동 이름 발음 시스템(100)의 컴포넌트들을 포함하는 다이어그램이다. 시스템(100)은 사용자 인터페이스(102), 프로세서(104) 및 데이터 저장소(106)를 포함한다. 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 하나 이상의 사용자가 시스템(100)과 통신하기 위한 인터페이스를 제공하도록 배열되는 하드웨어, 소프트웨어 또는 이들의 조합을 포함할 수 있다. 프로세서(104)는 시스템(100)의 데이터, 함수들 및/또는 애플리케이션들을 프로세싱하도록 배열되는 하나 이상의 프로세서를 포함할 수 있다. 데이터 저장소(106)는 하나 이상의 저장 디바이스를 포함할 수 있다.
소정 구현들에서, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 사용자가 시스템(100)과 상호작용하는 것을 가능하게 한다. 예를 들어, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 버튼, 키패드, 다이얼, 클릭 휠, 마이크 및/또는 터치스크린과 같은 다양한 형태를 취할 수 있는 사용자 입력 디바이스를 포함할 수 있다. 사용자 인터페이스(102)는, 제한 없이, 디스플레이, 스피커, 트랜스듀서, 헤드폰 및/또는 진동 생성기와 같은 다양한 형태를 취할 수 있는 출력 디바이스를 포함할 수 있다. 소정 구현들에서, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 사용자로부터 구두 입력들 및/또는 명령들을 수신하도록 배열된다. 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 하나 이상의 스피커 및/또는 헤드폰을 통해 사용자에게 오디오 정보를 출력할 수 있다.
소정 구현들에서, 프로세서(104)는 사용자 디바이스 내에 배열되는 하나 이상의 프로세서를 포함한다. 다른 구현들에서, 프로세서(104)는 다수의 디바이스 사이의 다수의 프로세서를 포함할 수 있다. 그러한 구현에 관한 추가 상세사항들은 본 명세서에서 나중에 도 3과 관련하여 설명된다. 프로세서(104)는 도 2와 관련하여 본 명세서에서 나중에 설명되는 바와 같은 다양한 기능들의 동작 및 시스템(100) 내에 포함된 다른 회로를 제어할 수 있다. 프로세서(104)는 사용자 인터페이스(102)의 디스플레이를 구동할 수 있으며, 사용자 인터페이스(102)로부터 사용자 입력들을 수신할 수 있다. 프로세서(104)는 예를 들어 실행가능 코드를 포함하는 데이터를 시스템(100)의 동작들 동안 데이터 저장소(106)로 그리고/또는 그로부터 수신, 검색 및/또는 송신할 수 있다. 프로세서(104)는 이름들의 발음, 음성, 음악 및 다른 유사한 오디오를 포함하는 사운드를 생성하기 위해 디지털 오디오 신호들을 사용자 인터페이스(102)의 스피커를 구동하기 위한 아날로그 신호들로 변환하기 위한 코더/디코더(코덱) 프로세서를 포함할 수 있다. 코덱은 또한 사용자 인터페이스(102)의 마이크로부터의 오디오 입력들을 디지털 오디오 신호들로 변환할 수 있다. 프로세서는 디지털 오디오 신호들을 데이터 저장소(106) 내에 데이터 파일들로서 저장할 수 있다. 코덱은 디지털 및/또는 아날로그 비디오 신호들을 프로세싱하기 위한 비디오 코덱을 포함할 수 있다. 일부 구성들에서, 프로세서(104)는 하나 이상의 사용자 디바이스, 개인용 컴퓨터 및/또는 서버에서 동작하는 하나 이상의 중앙 처리 유닛(CPU)을 포함한다.
소정 구현들에서, 데이터 저장소(106)는 미디어(예컨대, 음악 및 비디오 파일들), 콘택 정보(예컨대, 콘택 이름들), 콘택 이름들과 관련된 음성 데이터(예컨대, 단음절 단어들), (예컨대, 시스템(100)의 기능들을 구현하기 위한) 소프트웨어, 선호 정보(예컨대, 미디어 재생 선호들), 거래 정보(예컨대, 신용 카드 정보와 같은 정보), 접속 정보(예컨대, 시스템(100)의 컴포넌트가 다른 시스템과의 통신을 설정하는 것을 가능하게 할 수 있는 정보), 가입 정보(예컨대, 사용자가 가입한 팟캐스트들 또는 텔레비전 쇼들 또는 다른 미디어의 추적을 유지하는 정보) 및 임의의 다른 적절한 데이터를 저장할 수 있다. 데이터 저장소(106)는 하드 드라이브, ROM과 같은 영구 메모리, RAM과 같은 반영구 메모리, 솔리드 스테이트 메모리, 이동식 메모리, CD-ROM, CD-RW, 디스켓, 펌웨어, 캐시, 및 전자 데이터를 저장할 수 있는 다른 유사한 디바이스들을 제한 없이 포함하는 하나 이상의 저장 매체를 포함할 수 있다. 데이터 저장소(106)는 데이터베이스를 포함할 수 있다. 데이터베이스는 관계형 데이터베이스 관리 시스템(RDBMS) 및/또는 구조화 질의 언어(SQL) 데이터베이스 등을 포함할 수 있다.
도 2는 예를 들어 도 1의 시스템(100)과 같은 사용자 구동 발음 시스템 내에서 실행되는 다양한 함수들, 애플리케이션들 및/또는 루틴(202 내지 210)을 포함하는 컴퓨터 프로세싱 환경(200)의 다이어그램이다. 컴퓨터 프로세싱 환경(200)은 발음 추측기(202), 음성 인식기(204), 음성 합성기(206), 콘택 애플리케이션(208) 및 다른 애플리케이션(210)들을 포함할 수 있다.
소정 구현들에서, 발음 추측기(202)는 이름들과 같은 단어들을 그들과 관련된 텍스트 스펠링들로부터 발음하기 위한 규칙들을 모델화한다. 발음 추측기는, 제한 없이, 히든 마르코프 모델(hidden-markov model)들, 판정 트리 분류기들, 및/또는 이름들의 발음들을 생성하기 위해 음소들 또는 음소들의 시퀀스들을 문자들, 문자들의 시퀀스들 및/또는 단어들과 관련시킬 수 있는 다른 통계 모델들과 같은 학습 알고리즘들 및/또는 기술들을 포함할 수 있다. 발음 추측기는 하나 이상의 언어와 관련된 데이터 및/또는 라이브러리들을 이용하여, 예를 들어 데이터 저장소(106 및/또는 312) 내의 데이터베이스로부터의 데이터를 포함하는 발음을 예측할 수 있다.
소정 구현들에서, 음성 인식기(204)는 사용자에 의한 구두 단어들을 전자 텍스트 및/또는 데이터로 변환한다. 음성 인식기(204)는 특정 사용자로부터 음성을 인식하고/하거나 임의의 사용자로부터 일반적으로 음성을 인식하도록 구성될 수 있다. 음성 인식기(204)는 예를 들어 전화 통화를 개시하기 위한 음성 구동 다이얼링 애플리케이션(예컨대, "콜 빌(Call Bill)")과 같은 다른 애플리케이션(210)들과 연계하여 사용될 수 있다. 다른 애플리케이션(210)들은 디바이스 제어(예컨대, "전화를 끊음"), 검색(예컨대, "러브 송을 찾음"), 데이터 입력(예컨대, "10 Main Street"), 음성 대 텍스트 프로세싱(예컨대, 이메일 내용 입력) 및 구두 사용자 입력들을 이용하는 임의의 유사한 애플리케이션을 포함할 수 있다. 음성 인식기(204)는 히든 마르코프 모델들(HMM들), 동적 타임 워핑(DTW) 기반 음성 인식 및/또는 통계 음성 인식 모델들을 제한 없이 포함하는 다수의 모델 중 어느 하나를 사용할 수 있다. 음성 인식기(204)는 음소들에 대한 상황 의존성들, 음관 길이 정규화(VTLN), 최대 가능성 회귀(MLLR), 이분산 선형 판별식 분석(HLDA), 베이시안 네트워크들, 비터비 알고리즘들 및/또는 음성 인식을 위한 유사한 기술들을 이용할 수 있다.
소정 구현들에서, 음성 합성기(206)는 사람의 음성을 전자적으로 생성한다. 음성 합성기(206)는 소프트웨어, 하드웨어 또는 이들의 조합으로 구현될 수 있다. 일 구성에서, 합성기(206)는 전자 데이터, 전자 텍스트 및/또는 음성 문자들과 같은 심벌 언어 표현들을 음성으로 변환한다. 합성기(206)는 예를 들어 데이터 저장소(106 및/또는 312) 내의 데이터베이스로부터 기록된 사운드들의 부분들을 연결함으로써 이름들과 같은 구두 단어들을 생성할 수 있다. 음성 합성기(206)는 단음들, 이중음들, 단어들, 단어들의 단음절 성분들 및/또는 문장들에 액세스하여, 합성된 오디오 출력들 및/또는 오디오 파일들을 생성할 수 있다. 합성기(206)는 임의의 하나 이상의 기술을 이용하여, 자연스럽고 이해가능한 사운드들을 생성할 수 있다. 기술들은 연결 합성, 단위 선택 합성, 이중음 합성, 단음절 성분 합성, 도메인 고유 합성, 포맷 합성, 유성음 합성, 히든 마르코프 모델(HMM) 합성 및/또는 사인파 합성을 제한 없이 포함할 수 있다. 합성기(206)는 콘택 애플리케이션(208) 및 다른 애플리케이션(210)들과 같은 하나 이상의 애플리케이션과 함께 사용될 수 있다. 시리(Siri)(등록상표)는 미국 캘리포니아주 쿠퍼티노 소재의 애플 인크.(Apple Inc.)에 의해 입수가능하게 되는 이름 인식을 이용하는 애플리케이션의 일 타입이다. 예를 들어, 사용자는 "스티브로부터의 이메일들을 찾아라" 또는 "집에 있는 피터에게 전화해라"라고 말할 수 있다.
소정 구현들에서, 콘택 애플리케이션(208)은 리스트 및/또는 데이터베이스에 저장될 수 있는 사용자와 관련된 하나 이상의 콘택을 포함한다. 각각의 콘택은 콘택 이름, 주소, 전화 번호, 전자 메일(이메일) 주소 및/또는 다른 정보를 포함할 수 있다. 각각의 콘택은 "음성 성(Phonetic Last Name)" 및/또는 "음성 명(Phonetic First Name)" 필드를 포함할 수 있다. 콘택 애플리케이션(208)은 다른 애플리케이션(210)들과 인터페이스하는 독립 애플리케이션일 수 있다. 예를 들어, 다른 애플리케이션(210)은 무선 전화 호출 애플리케이션을 포함할 수 있다. 콘택 애플리케이션(210)은 호출 애플리케이션과 인터페이스하여, 콘택 애플리케이션(208)으로부터 선택된 콘택에 대해 전화를 개시할 수 있다. 콘택 애플리케이션(208)은 다른 애플리케이션(210)들과 통합될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 다른 애플리케이션(210)은 사용자가 이메일들을 송수신하고/하거나 메일 서버에 액세스하는 것을 가능하게 하는 이메일 애플리케이션을 포함할 수 있다. 콘택 애플리케이션(208)은 사용자가 콘택 이름, 주소, 전화 번호, 전자 메일(이메일) 주소 및/또는 다른 정보와 같은 관련 정보와 함께 하나 이상의 콘택을 저장하는 것을 가능하게 하는 메일 애플리케이션의 기능일 수 있다. 콘택 애플리케이션 및/또는 이메일 애플리케이션은 예를 들어 미국 캘리포니아주 쿠퍼티노 소재의 애플 인크.에 의해 입수가능하게 되는 애플(Apple)(등록상표) 아이폰(iPhone)(등록상표), 아이패드(iPad)(등록상표) 및 아이팟 터치(iPod Touch)(등록상표) 상에서 구현되는 콘택 및/또는 메일 애플리케이션들을 포함할 수 있다.
도 3은 사용자 구동 이름 발음 시스템(300)을 포함하는 네트워크의 다이어그램이다. 시스템(300)은 사용자 디바이스(302, 304 및/또는 306), 네트워크(308), 서버(310) 및/또는 데이터 저장소(312)를 포함한다.
사용자 디바이스(302, 304 및/또는 306)는 개인용 컴퓨터(PC), 개인용 휴대 단말기(PDA), 휴대용 컴퓨팅 디바이스, 셀룰러 전화, 위성 전화, 코드리스 전화, 페이저, 또는 도 2의 환경(200)의 하나 이상의 기능을 구현할 수 있는 임의의 다른 전자 디바이스를 포함할 수 있다. 사용자 디바이스(302, 304 및/또는 306)는 차량, 비디오 게임 시스템, 기구, 의류, 헬멧, 안경, 착용가능 의복, 스테레오 시스템, 엔터테인먼트 시스템 또는 다른 휴대용 디바이스들과 같은 다른 디바이스들 또는 구조체들의 패키징 내에 통합될 수 있다. 사용자 디바이스(302, 304 및/또는 306)의 타입들은 예를 들어 미국 캘리포니아주 쿠퍼티노 소재의 애플 인크.에 의해 입수가능하게 되는 애플(등록상표) 아이팟(iPod)(등록상표), 아이패드(등록상표), 아이폰(등록상표), 아이맥(iMac)(등록상표), 맥북 프로(MacBook Pro)(등록상표), 맥북 에어(MacBook Air)(등록상표) 등 및 유선 및/또는 무선 방식으로 통신할 수 있는 임의의 다른 디바이스들을 포함할 수 있다.
사용자 디바이스(302, 304 및/또는 306)는 (무선 또는 유선 통신 경로들을 이용하여) 미디어 및/또는 사용자 발음 관련 데이터를 수신하기 위해 예를 들어 원격 컴퓨팅 시스템 또는 서버(310)와 동기화될 수 있다. 미디어는 스트리밍 및/또는 개별(예컨대, 파일들 및 패킷들) 포맷들에서의 사운드 또는 오디오 파일들, 음악, 비디오, 멀티미디어 및 디지털 데이터를 제한 없이 포함할 수 있다.
사용자 디바이스(302, 304 및/또는 306)는 유선 및/또는 무선 통신(예컨대, 단거리 및/또는 장거리 통신)을 위한 통신 회로를 포함할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 무선 통신 회로는 802.11 표준들 중 하나에 따른 무선 통신을 가능하게 하는 와이-파이(Wi-Fi)™ 가능 회로일 수 있다. 식별된 프로토콜들에 대한 대안으로 또는 식별된 프로토콜에 더하여, 다른 무선 네트워크 프로토콜 표준들이 또한 사용될 수 있다. 다른 네트워크 표준들은 블루투스, 이동 통신용 글로벌 시스템(GSM), 코드 분할 다중 액세스(CDMA), 롱텀 에볼루션(LTE) 및/또는 4G 기반 무선 프로토콜들을 포함할 수 있다.
통신 네트워크를 생성하도록 동작하는 임의의 적절한 회로, 디바이스, 시스템 또는 이들의 조합(예컨대, 통신 타워들 및 통신 서버들을 포함하는 무선 통신 기반구조)이 네트워크(308)를 생성하는 데 사용될 수 있다. 네트워크(308)는 임의의 적절한 통신 프로토콜을 이용하여 통신을 제공할 수 있다. 일부 실시예들에서, 네트워크(308), 사용자 디바이스(302, 304 및/또는 306) 및 서버(310)는 예를 들어 전통적인 전화 회선, 케이블 텔레비전, 와이-파이™, 이더넷, 블루투스™, 고주파 시스템(예컨대, 900 ㎒, 2.4 ㎓ 및 5.6 ㎓ 통신 시스템), 적외선, 전송 제어 프로토콜/인터넷 프로토콜("TCP/IP")(예컨대, TCP/IP 계층들 각각에서 사용되는 임의의 프로토콜), 하이퍼텍스트 전송 프로토콜("HTTP"), 비트토렌트(BitTorrent)™, 파일 전송 프로토콜("FTP"), 실시간 전송 프로토콜("RTP"), 실시간 스트리밍 프로토콜("RTSP"), 보안 쉘 프로토콜("SSH"), 임의의 다른 통신 프로토콜 또는 이들의 임의의 조합을 지원할 수 있다.
소정 구현들에서, 서버(310)는 LINUX, UNIX, 윈도우즈(Windows)(등록상표) 또는 MAC OS 운영 체제 중 하나 이상을 포함한다. 서버(310)는 하나의 컴퓨터 디바이스 또는 다수의 컴퓨터 디바이스 상에서 구현될 수 있다. 데이터 저장소(312)는 하나 이상의 디스크 드라이브, 솔리드 스테이트 메모리, 휘발성 및/또는 비휘발성 메모리, 저장 디스크들의 어레이 및/또는 복수의 중복 저장 요소를 포함할 수 있다. 서버(310)는 다수의 하드웨어 서버 요소 사이에 분산 및/또는 복사된 가상 서버를 포함할 수 있다.
일 구현에서, 사용자 디바이스(302, 304 및/또는 306)는 도 1의 컴포넌트(102, 104, 106) 중 하나 이상 및 도 2의 기능(202, 204, 206, 208, 210) 중 하나 이상을 포함한다. 예를 들어, 사용자 디바이스(302)는 도 1의 컴포넌트(102, 104, 106) 및 도 2의 기능(202, 204, 206, 208, 210)을 모두 포함하는 독립적인 사용자 발음 시스템으로서 동작하는 휴대용 컴퓨팅 디바이스를 포함할 수 있다. 일 구성에서, 사용자 디바이스(302)는 콘택 이름들, 콘택 정보(예컨대, 주소, 이메일 주소, 전화 번호 등), 및 콘택 이름들과 관련된 단음절 성분들을 포함하는 사용자 발음 관련 데이터를 얻기 위해 데이터 저장소(312)에 주기적으로 또는 다른 경우에 액세스한다. 사용자 디바이스(302)는 사용자 발음 관련 데이터를 데이터 저장소(106) 내에 로컬로 그리고/또는 데이터 저장소(312) 내에 원격으로 저장할 수 있다.
다른 구현에서, 사용자 디바이스(302) 및 서버(312)는 도 2의 기능(202, 204, 206, 208, 210) 중 하나 이상을 구현하기 위해 협력하여 동작할 수 있다. 일 구성에서, 사용자 디바이스(302)는 도 2의 환경(200)의 기능들을 구현하는 서버(310)에 대한 클라이언트 및/또는 단말기로서 동작한다. 다른 구성에서, 사용자 디바이스(302) 및 서버(310)는 둘 모두가 도 2의 환경(200)의 하나 이상의 기능을 수행한다. 또 다른 구성에서, 사용자 디바이스(302)는 도 2의 기능(202, 204, 206, 208, 210)의 일부를 수행하는 반면, 서버(310) 및/또는 데이터 저장소(312)는 도 2의 기능(202, 204, 206, 208, 210)의 다른 부분을 수행한다.
도 4는 콘택 리스트 또는 사용자 입력으로부터 이름의 음성 발음을 생성하기 위한 프로세스(400)의 흐름도이다. 프로세스(400)의 단계들 중 하나 이상은 예를 들어 도 2의 기능(202, 204, 206, 208, 210) 중 하나 이상을 이용하여 도 1 및 도 3의 시스템(100, 300)과 같은 사용자 구동 이름 발음 시스템에 의해 구현될 수 있다.
일 구현에서, 사용자 디바이스(302)와 같은 사용자 디바이스는 하나 이상의 콘택 이름을 포함하는 콘택 애플리케이션(208)을 포함한다. 사용자는 콘택 애플리케이션(208)에 액세스하여, 저장된 콘택 이름의 텍스트와 관련된 음성 발음을 결정할 수 있다. 콘택 이름은 성(last name) 및/또는 명(first name)을 포함할 수 있다. 애플(등록상표) 아이폰(등록상표)과 같은 소정의 디바이스들은 콘택 이름이 어떻게 발음되어야 하는지를 결정하기 위해 사용자가 음성 스펠링을 수동으로 삽입하기 위한 음성 성 및 음성 명 필드들을 제공한다. 수동 입력은 시간 소모적이면서도, 올바른 발음이 최종적으로 합성되는 것을 보장하지 못할 수 있다. 따라서, 사용자의 콘택들 내의 이름들과의 사용자의 친밀성 및 사용자가 그러한 이름들을 어떻게 발음하기를 의도하는지를 이용하여, 이름 발음들을 효율적으로 그리고 알맞게 나타내고 발음하기 위한 방법을 사용자에게 제공하는 것이 유리할 것이다.
소정의 구현들에서, 사용자는 콘택 애플리케이션(208) 또는 다른 애플리케이션(210) 내의 사용자 인터페이스(102)를 통해 이름을 선택하여, 이름에 대한 적절한 음성 발음을 할당할 수 있다. 발음 추측기(202)가 이름을 수신한다(단계 402). 대안적으로 또는 추가로, 사용자 디바이스(302)와 같은 사용자 디바이스가 구두 이름들 및/또는 다른 단어들을 수신하기 위한 사용자 인터페이스(102)를 포함할 수 있다. 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 사용자 제공 이름을 수신하기 위한 마이크를 포함할 수 있으며, 이어서 사용자 제공 이름은 구두 이름을 텍스트로 변환하기 위한 음성 인식기(204)에 제공된다. 사용자는 예를 들어 "Philippe"과 같은 이름을 말할 수 있으며, 이어서 이 이름은 전자 데이터 및/또는 텍스트로 변환된다. 이어서, "Philippe"에 대한 전자 데이터 및/또는 텍스트는 추가적인 프로세싱을 위해 발음 추측기(202)에 의해 수신될 수 있다. 수신된 이름은 콘택 내의 엔트리, 예를 들어 아이폰(등록상표)과 같은 사용자 디바이스(302) 내의 콘택 애플리케이션(208)에 대한 "성" 및/또는 "명" 필드일 수 있다. 수신된 이름은 콘택 애플리케이션(208) 내의 이름 엔트리와 관련된 이름의 레코딩일 수 있다. 예를 들어, 사용자가 발음과 이름을 관련시키는 것을 가능하게 하는, 이름 옆에 디스플레이되고/되거나 배치된 아이콘을 가질 수 있다.
이어서, 발음 추측기(202)는 이름과 관련된 한 세트의 가능한 음성 발음들을 오버제너레이팅(overgenerating)한다(단계 404). 예를 들어, 도 4의 특징부(feature)(414)는 용어 "Hafs"의 다수의 가능한 발음을 표시한다. 일 구성에서, 발음 추측기(202)는 하나 이상의 단음절 성분을 이름에 맵핑한다. 맵핑은 예를 들어 데이터 저장소(106 및/또는 312) 내에 포함된 데이터베이스로부터 하나 이상의 단음절 성분을 생성, 관련 및/또는 획득하는 것을 포함할 수 있다. 데이터베이스는 하나 이상의 콘택 이름 및 각각의 콘택 이름과 관련되고/되거나 그에 맵핑된 하나 이상의 단음절 성분 및/또는 단어를 저장하는 관계형 데이터베이스를 포함할 수 있다. 소정 구성들에서, 발음 추측기(202)는 하나 이상의 장소 및/또는 언어에 기초하여 가능한 음성 발음들을 맵핑 및/또는 생성할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 발음 추측기(202)는 영어, 독어, 불어 등과 같은 다양한 언어들에서의 음성 발음들의 어휘 목록을 포함하는 데이터 저장소(106 및/또는 312) 내의 데이터베이스에 액세스할 수 있다. 어휘 목록은 하나 이상의 언어에서의 이름과 관련된 단음절 성분들을 포함할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 도 5와 관련하여, 이름 "Philippe"은 영어 성분(508) "fill" 및 불어 성분(506) "leap"을 가질 수 있다.
이어서, 생성된 가능한 음성 발음들의 리스트 및/또는 세트가 예를 들어 인식기(204)에 제공되며, 이 인식기는 가능한 음성 발음들의 인식을 수행하고, 적절한 음성 변환의 가장 가까운 이용가능 추측을 선택한다(단계 406). 일 구성에서, 인식기(204)는 제한된 음성 인식을 이용한다. 제한된 인식은 제한된 프로세싱 능력과 같은 제한된 자원들, 더 빠른 인식에 대한 필요성, 저장 능력의 가용성, 음성 발음들의 어휘 목록의 크기 및/또는 다른 시스템 제약들에 기초하여 이용될 수 있다. 인식기(204)는 가장 가까운 이용가능 추측을 결정할 때 사용자의 위치와 같은 인자들을 고려할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 사용자 및/또는 사용자 디바이스(302)가 특정 언어 또는 장소와 관련된 특정 지리 영역 내에서 실질적으로 시작하고/하거나 존재하는 경우, 인식기(204)는 가장 가까운 이용가능 추측을 선택할 때 위치를 고려할 수 있다. 인식기(204)는 또한 이름에 대한 가장 가까운 이용가능 추측의 선택을 위해 언어 및/또는 장소를 결정할 때 다른 이름들에 대한 음성 발음들의 사용자 선택들을 고려할 수 있다.
대안적인 구현에서, 생성된 가능한 음성 발음들의 리스트 및/또는 세트는 사용자 인터페이스(102)를 통해 사용자에게 제공된다. 일 구성에서, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 단음절 성분들 및/또는 단어들의 세트를 포함하는 음성 발음들의 리스트 및/또는 세트를 제공한다.
도 5는 이름의 단음절 성분(504, 506, 508, 510, 512, 514, 516, 518)을 포함하는 이름(502)(예컨대, "Philippe")의 디스플레이(500)이다. 음절은 모음, 이중 모음 또는 음절 자음에 의해 형성된 단일의 연속된 사운드를 포함하는 구두 언어의 단일 요소로서 간주될 수 있다. 사운드는 단일 자음 또는 다수의 자음에 의해 선행되거나 후속되거나 둘러싸일 수 있다. 이름(502)은 콘택 애플리케이션(208)의 콘택 리스트 내의 명일 수 있다. 디스플레이(500)는 예를 들어 사용자 디바이스(302)의 사용자 인터페이스(102)를 통해 제공될 수 있다. 디스플레이(500)는 하나 이상의 단음절 성분을 선택하기 위한 사용자 입력을 수신할 수 있는 터치스크린을 포함할 수 있다. 이 경우, 이름(502) "Philippe"은 단음절 성분(504) "fee", 단음절 성분(506) "leap", 단음절 성분(508) "fill", 단음절 성분(510) "eap", 단음절 성분(512) "philly" 및 단음절 성분(514) "pay"를 포함할 수 있다. 사용자는 단음절 성분(504) "fee" 및 단음절 성분(506) "leap"을 선택하여, 이름(502) "Philippe"에 대한 음성 발음을 구성할 수 있다.
대안적으로, 사용자는 단음절 성분(508) "fill" 및 단음절 성분(506) "eap"를 선택하여, 이름(502) "Philippe"에 대한 상이한 음성 발음을 구성할 수 있다. 추가적인 옵션으로서, 사용자는 단음절 성분(512) "philly" 및 단음절 성분(514) "pay"를 선택하여, 이름(502) "Philippe"에 대한 다른 음성 발음을 구성할 수 있다. 일부 구현들에서, 디스플레이(500)는 단음절 성분 또는 단어를 정의하기 위한 사용자 입력을 수신할 수 있는 사용자 정의 가능 필드들로서 단음절 성분(516, 518)을 포함한다. 발음 추측기가 이름의 성분을 충분히 발음하는 단음절 성분을 제공하지 않는 상황들이 존재할 수 있다. 그러한 상황들에서, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 디스플레이(500)를 통해 이름의 일부의 단음절 발음을 제공하는 성분(516 및/또는 518)을 통해 사용자 입력 단어를 수신할 수 있다. 일부 구현들에서, 사용자는 성분(502 내지 518)의 임의의 조합을 선택하여, 이름(502) "Philippe"의 음성 발음을 구성할 수 있다.
전술한 바와 같이, 디스플레이(500)는 하나 이상의 언어 또는 장소와 관련된 단음절 성분들을 수신할 수 있다. 하나 이상의 언어와 관련된 단음절 성분들을 제공함으로써, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 디스플레이(500)를 통해 사용자에게 이름의 일부에 대한 다양한 가능한 대안적인 발음들을 효율적으로 제공한다. 하나 이상의 단음절 성분은 데이터 저장소(106 및/또는 312) 내에 저장된 하나 이상의 언어와 관련된 하나 이상의 어휘 목록 및/또는 데이터베이스에 기초하여 발음 추측기(202)에 의해 생성될 수 있다.
소정의 구성들에서, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 예측된 사용자 선호에 기초하는 순서 및/또는 시퀀스로 배열된 단음절 성분들 및/또는 다른 단어들을 디스플레이(500)를 통해 디스플레이한다. 예를 들어, 도 5에서, 단음절 성분(504) "fee"는 아마도 불어 발음에 대한 사용자 선호에 기초하여, 사용자 장소에 기초하여, 사용자와 관련된 언어에 기초하여, 그리고/또는 사용자에 의해 행해진 단음절 성분들의 선택들의 이전의 타입들에 기초하여 성분(508) "fill" 위에 디스플레이된다. 일부 구성들에서, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 일정 기간에 걸친 그리고/또는 특정 위치에서의 사용자들의 그룹 사이에서의 소정의 단음절 성분들의 사용의 인기 및/또는 빈도에 기초하여 특정 시퀀스 및/또는 순서로 단음절 성분들을 디스플레이(500)를 통해 제공할 수 있다.
소정 구현들에서, 디스플레이(500)는 음성 발음을 형성하기 위해 단음절 단어들과 조합될 수 있는, 데이터 저장소(106 및/또는 312) 내의 사전으로부터 탐색된 하나 이상의 다음절 단어를 포함할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 성분(620) "money"(도 6) 및 성분(512) "Philly"는, 또한 사용될 수 있는 기존 사전 내에 존재할 수 있는 다음절(즉, 2 음절) 단어들로서 간주될 수 있다. 따라서, 사전 내의 적법한 단음절 단어들로서 간주되지 않을 수 있지만, 적법한 단음절 단어들로부터 구성될 수 있는 소정의 단어들이 음성 발음의 구성을 위해 포함되고, 사용자에게 제공될 수 있으며, 여기서 사용자는 유사한 문맥에 기초하여 단음절을 적절하게 발음할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 단어 "Tim"은 사전 내의 적법한 단어일 수 있는 반면, 단어 "nim"은 적법한 단어가 아닐 수 있지만, 자음 "t"가 자음 "n"에 의해 대체되었다는 사실에 기초하여 그것이 발음되는 방식에 대한 적절한 추측을 행할 수 있다.
도 6은 이름의 단음절 성분(604 내지 626)을 포함하는 다른 이름(602) "Belyamani"의 디스플레이(600)의 다른 예이다. 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 이름(602) "Belyamani"를 그의 단음절 성분(604 내지 626)의 일부 또는 전부와 함께 디스플레이(600)를 통해 디스플레이할 수 있다. 이름(602)은 콘택 애플리케이션(208)의 콘택 리스트 내의 성일 수 있다. 일 구성에서, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 이름(602) "Belyamani"의 부분들과 관련된 단음절 성분(604 내지 626) 중 하나 이상 단음절 성분의 사용자 선택들을 수신한다. 단음절 성분(604 내지 626)은 사용자의 특성들 및/또는 사용자의 그룹의 특성들에 기초하여 배열될 수 있다. 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 단음절 성분들 중 하나 이상의 단음절 성분의 사용자 선택들을 수신할 수 있는 터치스크린을 포함할 수 있다. 사용자 인터페이스(102)는, 제한 없이, 마우스, 키패드, 클릭 휠, 마이크 등과 같은 사용자 입력들을 수신할 수 있는 다른 디바이스들을 포함할 수 있다.
일 구현에서, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 디스플레이(600)를 통해 단음절 성분들 중 일부를 제공할 수 있지만, 단음절 성분들의 다른 부분이 사용자 선택과 관련되지 않은 경우 또는 관련될 때까지 다른 부분을 제공하지 않을 수 있다. 예를 들어, 디스플레이(600)는 처음에 성분(604) "bell", 성분(610) "bail", 성분(616) "bale" 및 성분(622)만을 디스플레이할 수 있다. 이어서, 사용자가 어느 성분을 선택하는지에 따라, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 나머지 성분(606, 608, 612, 614, 618, 620, 624, 626) 중 하나 이상을 디스플레이(600)를 통해 디스플레이할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 사용자가 성분(604) "bell"을 선택하는 경우, 사용자 인터페이스는 성분(606) "ya", 성분(608) "mani" 및 성분(620) "money"만을 보여주면서 성분(614) "any"를 보여주지 않을 수 있는데, 그 이유는 사용자 인터페이스(102) 및/또는 발음 추측기(202)가 성분(614)을 성분(604) "bell" 및/또는 성분(606) "ya"와 충분히 관련된 것으로 간주하지 않을 수 있기 때문이다.
일부 구성들에서, 성분(604 내지 626)의 어느 하나 이상의 행 또는 열이 디스플레이(600)를 통해 디스플레이될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 성분(604, 610, 616, 622)을 포함하는 제1 열이 처음에 디스플레이될 수 있다. 사용자가 제1 열의 성분들 중 하나를 선택하면, 성분(606, 612, 618, 624)을 포함하는 제2 열이 디스플레이될 수 있다. 제1 열은 디스플레이(600)로부터 제거될 수 있다. 사용자가 제2 열의 성분을 선택하면, 성분(608, 614, 620, 626)을 포함하는 제3 열이 디스플레이될 수 있는 반면, 제2 열의 성분들은 디스플레이(600)로부터 제거될 수 있다. 단음절 성분들의 추가적인 열들이 유사한 방식 등으로 제공될 수 있다.
사용자 인터페이스(102)는 예를 들어 성분(604, 606, 608)을 포함하는 행과 같은 행들의 디스플레이를 위해 유사한 접근법을 이용할 수 있다. 단음절 성분들의 다른 부분들 및/또는 그룹들이 하나 이상의 다른 단음절 성분의 선택에 기초하여 동적으로 디스플레이될 수 있다. 일부 구성들에서, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 사용자 입력 단음절 성분들 및/또는 단어들을 수신하기 위한 하나 이상의 단음절 엔트리 필드(622, 624, 626)를 디스플레이(600)를 통해 제공할 수 있다. 일 구현에서, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 사용자에 의한 사용자 인터페이스(102)에 의한 후속 사용을 위해 그리고/또는 사용자 디바이스(304, 306)와 같은 다른 사용자 디바이스들과 관련된 다른 사용자들에 의한 후속 사용을 위해 데이터 저장소(106) 및/또는 데이터 저장소(312)와 같은 데이터 저장소 내에 사용자 입력 단음절 성분들을 저장한다.
도 7은 이름의 단음절 성분(704 내지 720)을 포함하는 또 다른 이름(702) "Hafsteinsson"의 디스플레이(700)이다. 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 디스플레이(500, 600)와 관련하여 전술한 바와 같은 특징부들을 디스플레이(700)를 통해 제공할 수 있다. 일부 구현들에서, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 선택을 위해 이름의 하나 이상의 구성된 음성 발음을 포함하는 리스트를 사용자에게 디스플레이(700)를 통해 제공한다. 예를 들어, 사용자 선택가능 단음절 성분(704, 706, 708)의 세트를 제공하는 대신에, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 성분(704, 706, 708)을 포함하는 구성된 음성 발음을 "yaf-stein-son"으로서 제공한다.
또한, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 성분(710, 712, 714)에 기초하는 "Half-steen-sown"과 같은 다른 구성된 음성 발음 등을 디스플레이(700)를 통해 제공한다. 요소(414)는 이름 "Hafs"에 대한 다수의 발음의 디스플레이의 예를 제공한다. 따라서, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 단음절 성분들의 다양한 조합들을 포함하는 이름을 발음할 수 있는 방식들의 리스트를 디스플레이(500, 600, 또는 700)를 통해 제공할 수 있다. 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 사용자 입력 단음절 성분들 및/또는 단어들을 수신하기 위한 하나 이상의 단음절 엔트리 필드(716, 718, 720)를 디스플레이(700)를 통해 제공할 수 있다.
도 4를 다시 참조하면, 단계 406에서 이름 발음 선택 및/또는 추측이 완료되면, 제한된 인식을 이용하여 가장 가까운 이용가능 추측을 자동으로 인식 및 선택함으로써 또는 사용자 인터페이스(102)를 이용하여 이름의 음성 발음을 구성하기 위한 선택가능 단음절 성분들의 디스플레이를 사용자에게 제공함으로써, 합성기(206)는 선택된 단음절 성분들을 수신하고 합성하여 이름의 음성 발음을 생성 및/또는 구성한다(단계 408). 이름의 구성된 음성 발음은 오디오 파일과 같은 전자 데이터의 형태일 수 있다. 일 구성에서, 합성기(202)는 예를 들어 사용자 인터페이스(102)의 하나 이상의 스피커를 통한 사용자에 대한 오디오 제공 및/또는 재생을 위해 음성 발음을 사용자 인터페이스(102)에 제공한다.
사용자는, 발음된 이름을 들은 것에 응답하여, 구성된 음성 발음을 수락하거나 거절할 수 있다(단계 410). 예를 들어, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 제공된 이름의 음성 발음을 수락하기 위한 사용자 입력 "예"를 수신하거나, 제공된 이름의 음성 발음을 거절하기 위한 사용자 입력 "아니오"를 수신할 수 있다. 사용자 입력은 터치스크린, 마우스, 키패드 및/또는 오디오 입력과 같은 사용자 입력 디바이스를 통해 제공될 수 있다.
사용자가 음성 발음을 수락하는 경우, 시스템(100 및/또는 300)과 같은 사용자 구동 발음 시스템은 후속 사용 및/또는 사용자에 대한 재생을 위해 이름에 대한 사용자 선택 음성 발음을 예를 들어 데이터 저장소(106 및/또는 312) 내에 저장한다(단계 412). 사용자가 이름과 관련된 음성 발음을 거절하는 경우, 사용자 구동 발음 시스템(100 및/또는 300)은 프로세스(400)의 단계 406으로 복귀하여, 다음의 이용가능한 가장 가까운 추측을 결정하거나, 사용자로 하여금 이름에 대한 단음절 성분들의 새로운 배열을 선택하게 한다. 따라서, 소정 구현들에서, 단계 406 내지 410은 사용자가 이름의 특정 음성 발음에 대해 만족할 때까지 반복 수행될 수 있다.
일반적으로, 본 발명의 시스템들 및 방법들은 사용자 구동 이름 발음을 가능하게 한다. 다양한 기술들이 사용자로 하여금 전자 디바이스에 의해 이름의 더 정확하고 적절한 발음으로 인식 및 합성될 수 있는 이름을 말하게 할 수 있다. 기술들은 또한 디바이스가 이름을 발음할 수 있는 방식들의 리스트를 사용자에게 제공하는 것을 가능하게 하며, 따라서 사용자는 더 정확한 발음을 선택할 수 있다. 더구나, 본 발명의 시스템들 및 방법들은 사용자로 하여금 전자 디바이스에 의해 이름의 더 정확한 발음을 구성하기 위해 이름과 관련된 하나 이상의 맵핑된 단음절 성분을 선택하는 것을 가능하게 하는 사용자 인터페이스를 제공한다.
도 8은 이름의 음성 발음들을 결정하기 위한 시스템(800)의 다이어그램이다. 시스템(800)은 발음 추측기(802), 음성 맵퍼(804) 및 제한된 인식기(806)를 포함한다. 발음 추측기(802)는 또한 다수의 발음 추측기(808, 810, 812)를 포함한다. 발음 추측기들 각각은 특정 언어 및/또는 장소와 관련된다. 예를 들어, 추측기(808)는 불어와 관련되고, 불어 음성 알파벳을 이용하여 발음들을 추측할 수 있다. 추측기(810)는 독어와 관련되고, 독어 음성 알파벳을 이용하여 발음들을 추측할 수 있다. 추측기(812)는 예를 들어 영어와 관련되고, 영어 음성 알파벳을 이용하여 발음들을 추측할 수 있다.
소정 구현들에서, 발음 추측기(802)는 도 2의 발음 추측기(202)를 포함한다. 제한된 인식기(806)는 도 2의 인식기(204)를 포함할 수 있다. 또한, 음성 맵퍼(804)는 도 2의 컴포넌트(202 내지 210) 중 어느 하나 이상에 포함될 수 있다. 더구나, 컴포넌트(802 내지 812)의 기능들 및/또는 동작들 중 어느 하나는 예를 들어 도 1의 프로세서(104)와 같은 하나 이상의 프로세서에 의해 구현될 수 있다.
소정 구현들에서, 사용자는 소정의 방식으로 발음되는 이름의 오디오 표현(예컨대, 레코딩)을 인터페이스(102)를 통해 말하고/하거나 제공할 수 있다. 인터페이스(102)는 이름 및 사용자가 이름을 발음하기 위해 선택하는 방식의 레코딩을 수신할 수 있다. 인터페이스(102)는 하나 이상의 추측기(808, 810, 812)를 통과하는 이름에 대한 텍스트 엔트리를 수신할 수 있다. 이어서, 이름을 발음하기 위한 방식의 레코딩은 (타겟 장소에 대한 음성 맵핑 후에) 하나 이상의 추측기(808, 810, 812) 및/또는 장소로부터 추측된 발음들의 제한된 리스트로부터 인식될 수 있다. 이어서, 시스템(800)은 사용자가 이름을 말한 방식과 최상으로 매칭되는 발음을 인식할 수 있다.
더 구체적으로, 제한된 인식기(806)는 최상의 매치 및/또는 구두 및/또는 제공된 이름에 상당히 가까운 매치를 선택할 수 있다. 발음 추측들의 제한된 리스트가 다수의 발음 추측기(808, 810, 812)에 의해 생성될 수 있다. 도 8은 3개의 추측기를 도시하지만, 추측기들의 수는 하나에서부터 시스템(800)에 의해 충분히 지원될 수 있는 임의의 수의 추측기까지 다양할 수 있다.
소정 구현들에서는, 이름이 특정 언어 또는 장소의 문자 세트를 지원하는 다수의 추측기(808, 810, 812)를 통과한다(예를 들어, 영어 이름은 일본어 장소에서는 잘 표현되지 못할 수 있지만, 불어 장소에서는 더 잘 표현될 것이다). 이어서, 상이한 언어 및/또는 장소와 관련된 각각의 발음 추측기(810, 812)로부터의 발음 추측이 맵퍼(804)에 의해 예를 들어 발음 추측기(808)와 관련된 음성 알파벳과 같은 타겟 장소의 음성 알파벳에 맵핑된다. 이러한 맵핑 알고리즘 및/또는 프로세스는 맵퍼(804)에 의해 각각의 추측기(810, 812)의 음성 알파벳으로부터의 사운드 단위들 및/또는 음소들을 타겟 추측기(808)의 음성 알파벳 및 그와 관련된 음성 알파벳에 맵핑할 때까지 수행된다. 맵퍼(804)는, 제한 없이, 사운드 단위들, 음소들, 단음절 성분들, 강세들의 타입들을 갖는 음절 성분들, 단어들의 부분들 등과 같은 다양한 음성 성분들을 맵핑할 수 있다. 이어서, 제한된 인식기(806)는 제한된 인식을 수행하여, 이러한 오버제너레이팅된 발음들로부터 최상의 매치를 선택할 수 있다.
추가적인 태양에서, 이름 발음들은 인식뿐만 아니라, 예를 들어 합성기(206)에 의한 음성 합성에 사용된다. 음성 합성의 경우, 맵핑될 음성 알파벳은 인식 알파벳과 다를 수 있다. 음성 합성에 대해, 음성 알파벳은 구두 발음을 렌더링하는 데 사용되는 음성 합성기에 의해 지원되는 것이다. 일 구성에서, 합성기(206) 및/또는 도 2의 다른 컴포넌트들 중 어느 하나는 음성 합성 사전에 기초하여 이름을 합성할 때 음절 강세를 추측한다. 음절 강세는 언어 및/또는 장소에 고유한 규칙들의 세트로부터 도출될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 이름 "Obama"는 사운드 단위 "o", "bam" 및 "a"를 포함한다. 제1 사운드 단위 "o"에 강세를 둘 수 있으며, 따라서 이름은 "Ohh-bam-a"로 발음된다. 대안적으로, 이름의 최종 단위에 강세를 둘 수 있으며, 따라서 이름은 "O-bam-Ahh"로 발음된다. 소정 구성들에서, 시스템(800 및/또는 100)은 강세를 갖거나 갖지 않는 다양한 사운드 단위들을 포함한다. 다양한 사운드 단위들은 예를 들어 도 5 내지 도 7에 도시된 성분들과 같은 대안적인 선택가능 성분들로서 사용자에게 제공될 수 있다. 일부 구현들에서, 시스템(800)은 사용자가 선택할 수 있는 강세를 갖는 사운드 단위 및 강세를 갖지 않는 사운드 단위를 갖는 발음들을 포함하는 다양한 발음들을 사용자에게 제공할 수 있다.
추가적인 태양에서, 프로세서(104)와 같은 프로세서는 추측기(808, 810 및/또는 812)를 제거하고/하거나 그 수를 줄이는 언어 식별 프로세스 및/또는 기능을 이용함으로써 이름을 통과시킬 추측기(808, 810 및/또는 812)의 수 및/또는 리스트를 제한할 수 있다. 언어 식별 프로세스 및/또는 기능은 이름과 가장 잘 맞는 언어들 및/또는 장소들을 추정하는 스코어를 순위화 및/또는 제공할 수 있다. 이어서, 프로세서(104)는 추측기들의 리스트를 제거하고/하거나 줄여서 추측기들의 수를 제한할 수 있다. 이것은 시스템(800 및/또는 100)이 사용자에게 더 빠르고 효율적으로 이름 발음들을 제공하는 것을 가능하게 하기 위해 시스템(800 및/또는 100)이 제한된 능력들(예컨대, 프로세싱 능력, 메모리 및 다른 자원들)을 갖는 경우에 유리할 수 있다.
도 9는 이름의 음성 발음을 생성하기 위한 프로세스(900)의 흐름도이다. 시스템(800)과 같은 시스템은 복수의 발음 추측기(808, 810 및/또는 812)를 포함 및/또는 구비할 수 있으며, 발음 추측기(808, 810 및/또는 812) 각각은 언어 또는 장소의 특정 음성 알파벳과 관련된다(단계 902). 프로세서(104)와 같은 프로세서는 사용자와 관련된 언어 또는 장소를 결정하고(단계 904), 제1 음성 알파벳을 사용자와 관련된 언어 또는 장소와 관련시킨다(단계 906). 언어 또는 장소의 결정은 제조자 입력, 서비스 제공자 입력, 사용자 입력, 시스템(800 및/또는 100)의 위치와 관련된 지리 영역의 검출, 사용자에 의해 입력된 이름들 및/또는 단어들의 타입들의 분석 등을 통해 이루어질 수 있다.
발음 추측기(808, 810 및/또는 812) 각각은 이름의 표현을 수신한다(단계 908). 표현은 철자일 수 있다. 복수의 발음 추측기(808, 810 및/또는 812) 각각은 이름의 하나 이상의 성분의 음성 발음을 추측한다(단계 910). 이어서, 음성 맵퍼(804)는 복수의 발음 추측기(808, 810 및/또는 812) 각각에 의해 추측된 이름의 하나 이상의 성분의 음성 발음을 제1 음성 알파벳에 맵핑하여, 추측된 발음들의 리스트를 생성한다(단계 912). 소정 구성들에서, 맵퍼(804) 및/또는 프로세서(104)는 추측된 발음들의 리스트 내에 포함될 수 있는 제1 음성 알파벳 및/또는 다른 음성 알파벳과 관련된 어휘 목록 내에 언어학자에 의해 문자화되는 음성 발음을 수신할 수 있다. 인식기(806)와 같은 인식기는 이름의 오디오 발음을 수신할 수 있고(단계 914), 이어서 발음될 때 이름의 오디오 발음과 실질적으로 그리고/또는 최상으로 매칭되는 성분들의 조합을 추측된 발음들의 리스트로부터 선택할 수 있다(단계 916).
이름의 하나 이상의 성분 각각은 사운드 단위, 음소, 단음절 성분, 특정 타입의 강세를 갖는 단음절 성분 및 단어의 일부 중 적어도 하나를 포함할 수 있다. 프로세서(102)는 사용자와 관련된 언어 또는 장소를 식별할 수 있다. 발음 추측기(808, 810 및/또는 812)의 수는 사용자와 관련된 언어 또는 장소에 기초하여 결정될 수 있다. 복수의 발음 추측기(808, 810 및/또는 812) 각각의 타입은 사용자와 관련된 언어 또는 장소에 기초하여 결정될 수 있다. 발음 추측기의 타입은 발음 추측기와 관련된 언어 또는 장소의 타입을 포함할 수 있다.
도 10은 이름의 단음절 성분들의 사용자 선택에 기초하여 이름의 음성 발음을 생성하기 위한 다른 프로세스(1000)의 흐름도이다. 도 1의 시스템(100)과 같은 시스템이 음성 발음과 이름을 관련시킬 수 있다. 시스템(100)은 이름을 수신하도록 배열된 사용자 인터페이스(102)를 포함할 수 있다(단계 1002). 시스템은 또한 이름의 음성 발음을 구성하도록 조합될 수 있는 복수의 단음절 성분들에 이름을 맵핑하도록 배열되는 프로세서(104)를 포함할 수 있다(단계 1004). 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 또한 복수의 단음절 성분들 중 하나 이상을 선택하기 위한 사용자 입력을 수신하도록 배열될 수 있다(단계 1006). 또한, 프로세서(104)는 복수의 단음절 성분들 중 선택된 하나 이상의 단음절 성분을 조합하여 이름의 음성 발음을 구성하도록 배열될 수 있다(단계 1008).
일 구성에서, 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 사용자에게 음성 발음을 제공하도록 배열된다. 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 음성 발음을 선택하거나 거절하기 위한 제2 사용자 입력을 수신하도록 배열될 수 있다. 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 또한 사용자에게 복수의 단음절 성분들의 제1 부분을 디스플레이하도록 배열될 수 있다. 사용자 인터페이스(102)는 복수의 단음절 성분들의 제1 부분 중 하나의 사용자 선택에 응답하여 단음절 성분들의 제2 부분을 디스플레이하도록 추가로 배열될 수 있다.
프로세서(104)는 사용자와 관련된 콘택 애플리케이션(208) 및/또는 다른 애플리케이션(210)의 콘택 리스트로부터 이름을 수신하도록 배열될 수 있다. 이름은 텍스트 포맷일 수 있다. 프로세서(104)는 이름과 관련된 단음절 성분들 중 하나 이상을 포함하는 데이터 저장소(106, 312)에 조회하도록 배열될 수 있다. 단음절 성분들은 하나 이상의 언어 및/또는 장소와 관련된 성분들을 포함할 수 있다. 이름의 음성 발음의 구성은 오디오 파일의 생성을 포함할 수 있다.
도 11은 이름의 음성 발음과 관련된 사용 정보를 결정하기 위한 프로세스(1100)의 흐름도이다. 도 3의 시스템(300)과 같이 이름의 음성 발음들의 사용을 결정하기 위한 시스템은 이름을 수신하도록 배열된 서버(310)를 포함할 수 있다(단계 1102). 시스템(300)은 이름과 관련된 하나 이상의 음성 발음을 저장하도록 배열된 데이터 저장소(312)를 포함할 수 있다(단계 1104). 서버(310)는 하나 이상의 사용자 디바이스(302, 304, 306)로부터 이름과 관련된 하나 이상의 음성 발음의 지시를 수신하고(단계 1106), 이름과 관련된 하나 이상의 음성 발음과 관련된 사용 데이터를 결정하도록 배열될 수 있다(단계 1108).
지시는 하나 이상의 음성 발음을 포함할 수 있다. 지시는 하나 이상의 사용자 디바이스(302, 304, 306)로부터 하나 이상의 음성 발음의 선택을 포함할 수 있다. 사용 데이터는 일정 기간 동안 지시가 수신되는 사례들의 양을 포함할 수 있다. 서버(310)는 사용 데이터에 기초하여 이름과 관련된 음성 발음들 중 적어도 하나를 제1 사용자 디바이스(302)에 제공하도록 배열될 수 있다.
일부 실시예들에 따르면, 도 12는 전술한 바와 같은 본 발명의 원리들에 따라 구성되는 전자 디바이스(1200)의 기능 블록 다이어그램을 나타낸다. 디바이스의 기능 블록들은 본 발명의 원리들을 실행하도록 하드웨어, 소프트웨어 또는 하드웨어와 소프트웨어의 조합에 의해 구현될 수 있다. 당업자는 도 12에서 설명되는 기능 블록들이 전술한 바와 같은 본 발명의 원리들을 구현하도록 결합되거나 서브블록들로 분리될 수 있다는 것을 이해한다. 그러므로, 본 명세서에서의 설명은 본 명세서에 설명된 기능 블록들의 임의의 가능한 조합 또는 분리 또는 추가 정의를 지원할 수 있다.
도 12에 도시된 바와 같이, 전자 디바이스(1200)는 프로세싱 유닛(1206)에 각각 결합된 입력 수신 유닛(1202) 및 출력 유닛(1203)을 포함한다. 일부 구현들에서, 프로세싱 유닛(1202)은 이름 수신 유닛(1208), 맵핑 유닛(1210), 조합 유닛(1212), 데이터 저장소 조회 유닛(1214) 및 오디오 파일 생성 유닛(1216)을 포함한다. 일부 구현들에서, 출력 유닛(1203)은 비주얼 출력 유닛(1205) 및 오디오 출력 유닛(1207)을 포함한다.
프로세싱 유닛(1206)은 (예를 들어, 이름 수신 유닛(1208)을 이용하여) 이름을 수신하고, (예를 들어, 맵핑 유닛(1210)을 이용하여) 이름을 복수의 단음절 성분들에 맵핑하도록 구성되며, 여기서 복수의 단음절 성분들의 적어도 서브세트는 이름의 음성 발음을 구성하도록 조합될 수 있다. 입력 수신 유닛(1202)은 복수의 단음절 성분들 중 하나 이상을 선택하는 사용자 입력을 수신하도록 구성된다. 프로세싱 유닛(1206)은 (조합 유닛(1212)을 이용하여) 복수의 단음절 성분들 중 선택된 하나 이상의 단음절 성분을 조합하여 이름의 음성 발음을 구성하도록 추가로 구성된다. 일부 구현들에서, 음성 발음의 구성은 (예를 들어, 오디오 파일 생성 유닛(1216)을 이용하는) 오디오 파일의 생성을 포함한다.
일부 구현들에서, 이름 수신 유닛(1208)은 콘택 리스트와 관련된 사용자로부터 이름을 수신하도록 구성된다. 일부 구현들에서, 이름은 성 및 명 중 적어도 하나를 포함한다.
일부 구현들에서, 출력 유닛(1203)은 (예를 들어, 오디오 출력 유닛(1207)을 이용하여) 음성 발음을 출력하도록 구성된다. 일부 구현들에서, 입력 수신 유닛(1202)은 음성 발음을 선택하거나 거절하기 위한 제2 사용자 입력을 수신하도록 구성된다. 일부 구현들에서, 출력 유닛(1203)은 (예를 들어, 비주얼 출력 유닛(1205)을 이용하여) 복수의 단음절 성분들의 제1 부분을 디스플레이하도록 추가로 구성된다. 일부 구현들에서, 출력 유닛(1203)은 복수의 단음절 성분들의 제1 부분 중 하나의 (예를 들어, 입력 수신 유닛(1202)에 의해 수신된) 사용자 선택에 응답하여 복수의 단음절 성분들의 제2 부분을 디스플레이하도록 추가로 구성된다.
일부 구현들에서, 프로세싱 유닛(1206)은 (예를 들어, 데이터 저장소 조회 유닛(1214)을 이용하여) 단음절 성분들 중 하나 이상을 포함하는 데이터 저장소에 조회하도록 추가로 구성된다. 일부 구현들에서, 단음절 성분들은 하나 이상의 언어 또는 장소와 관련된 성분들을 포함한다. 일부 구현들에서, 프로세싱 유닛(1206)은 추가로 구성된다.
일부 실시예들에 따르면, 도 13은 전술한 바와 같은 본 발명의 원리들에 따라 구성된 전자 디바이스(1300)의 기능 블록 다이어그램을 나타낸다. 디바이스의 기능 블록들은 본 발명의 원리들을 실행하도록 하드웨어, 소프트웨어 또는 하드웨어와 소프트웨어의 조합에 의해 구현될 수 있다. 당업자는 도 13에서 설명되는 기능 블록들이 전술한 바와 같은 본 발명의 원리들을 구현하도록 결합되거나 서브블록들로 분리될 수 있다는 것을 이해한다. 그러므로, 본 명세서에서의 설명은 본 명세서에 설명된 기능 블록들의 임의의 가능한 조합 또는 분리 또는 추가 정의를 지원할 수 있다.
도 13에 도시된 바와 같이, 전자 디바이스(1300)는 프로세싱 유닛(1306)에 결합된 입력 수신 유닛(1302)을 포함한다. 일부 구현들에서, 프로세싱 유닛은 발음 추측 유닛(1307-n)들, 언어/장소 결정 유닛(1308), 언어/장소 관련 유닛(1310), 맵핑 유닛(1312) 및 발음 선택 유닛(1314)을 포함한다. 일부 구현들에서, 발음 추측 유닛(1307-n)들 각각은 언어 또는 장소의 각자의 음성 알파벳과 관련된다.
입력 수신 유닛(1302)은 이름의 오디오 발음을 수신하도록 구성된다. 프로세싱 유닛(1306)은 (예를 들어, 언어/장소 결정 유닛(1308)을 이용하여) 사용자 언어 또는 사용자 장소를 결정하고; (예컨대, 언어/장소 관련 유닛(1310)을 이용하여) 제1 음성 알파벳을 사용자 언어 또는 사용자 장소와 관련시키고; 각각의 발음 추측 유닛(1307-n)에서 이름의 표현을 수신하고; 각각의 발음 추측 유닛(1307-n)에서 이름의 하나 이상의 성분의 음성 발음을 추측하고; (예컨대, 맵핑 유닛(1312)을 이용하여) 복수의 발음 추측 유닛들 각각에 의해 추측된 이름의 하나 이상의 성분의 음성 발음을 제1 음성 알파벳에 맵핑하여, 추측된 발음들의 리스트를 생성하도록 구성된다. 프로세싱 유닛(1306)은 (예컨대, 발음 선택 유닛(1314)을 이용하여) 발음될 때 이름의 오디오 발음과 실질적으로 매칭되는 성분들의 조합을 추측된 발음들의 리스트로부터 선택하도록 추가로 구성된다.
일부 구현들에서, 이름의 하나 이상의 성분은 사운드 단위, 음소, 단음절 성분, 특정 타입의 강세를 갖는 단음절 성분 및 단어의 일부 중 적어도 하나를 포함한다. 일부 구현들에서, 사용자 언어 또는 사용자 장소의 결정은 (예컨대, 입력 수신 유닛(1302)을 이용하여) 사용자 언어 또는 사용자 장소를 식별하는 입력을 수신하는 것을 포함한다. 일부 구현들에서, 복수의 발음 추측 유닛(1307-n)은 사용자 언어 또는 사용자 장소에 기초하여 프로세싱 유닛(1306)에 의해 선택된다.
일부 실시예들에 따르면, 도 14는 전술한 바와 같은 본 발명의 원리들에 따라 구성된 전자 디바이스(1400)의 기능 블록 다이어그램을 나타낸다. 디바이스의 기능 블록들은 본 발명의 원리들을 실행하도록 하드웨어, 소프트웨어 또는 하드웨어와 소프트웨어의 조합에 의해 구현될 수 있다. 도 14에 설명된 기능 블록들은 전술된 바와 같이 본 발명의 원리들을 구현하기 위해 조합되거나 서브-블록들로 분리될 수 있음이 당업자에 의해 이해된다. 그러므로, 본 명세서에서의 설명은 본 명세서에 설명된 기능 블록들의 임의의 가능한 조합 또는 분리 또는 추가 정의를 지원할 수 있다.
도 14에 도시된 바와 같이, 전자 디바이스(1400)는 프로세싱 유닛(1406), 프로세싱 유닛(1406)에 결합된 저장 유닛(1402), 및 프로세싱 유닛(1406)에 결합된 지시 수신 유닛(1403)을 포함한다. 일부 구현들에서, 전자 디바이스(1400)는 또한 프로세싱 유닛(1406)에 결합된 데이터 출력 유닛(1405)을 포함한다. 일부 구현들에서, 프로세싱 유닛(1406)은 이름 수신 유닛(1408), 사용 데이터 결정 유닛(1410), 맵핑 유닛(1412) 및 발음 선택 유닛(1414)을 포함한다.
저장 유닛(1402)은 이름과 관련된 하나 이상의 음성 발음을 저장하도록 구성된다. 지시 수신 유닛(1403)은 하나 이상의 사용자 디바이스로부터 이름과 관련된 하나 이상의 음성 발음의 지시를 수신하도록 구성된다. 일부 구현들에서, 지시는 하나 이상의 음성 발음 중 적어도 하나를 포함한다. 일부 구현들에서, 지시는 하나 이상의 사용자 디바이스로부터의 하나 이상의 음성 발음 중 적어도 하나의 음성 발음의 선택을 포함한다.
프로세싱 유닛(1406)은 (예컨대, 이름 수신 유닛(1408)을 이용하여) 이름을 수신하고, (예컨대, 사용 데이터 결정 유닛(1410)을 이용하여) 이름과 관련된 하나 이상의 음성 발음과 관련된 사용 데이터를 결정하도록 구성된다. 일부 구현들에서, 사용 데이터는 일정 기간 동안 지시가 수신되는 사례들의 양을 포함한다.
일부 구현들에서, 데이터 출력 유닛(1405)은 사용 데이터에 기초하여 이름과 관련된 음성 발음들 중 적어도 하나를 전자 디바이스로부터 떨어져 있는 제1 사용자 디바이스에 제공하도록 구성된다.
당업자에게는 본 출원에 포함된 시스템들 및 방법들이 컴퓨터 사용가능 비일시적 및/또는 판독가능 매체를 포함하는 컴퓨터 프로그램 제품으로 구현될 수 있다는 것이 명백할 것이다. 예를 들어, 그러한 컴퓨터 사용가능 매체는 CD ROM 디스크 또는 전통적인 ROM 디바이스들과 같은 판독 전용 메모리 디바이스 또는 하드 드라이브 디바이스 또는 컴퓨터 디스켓과 같은 랜덤 액세스 메모리 또는 컴퓨터 판독가능 프로그램 코드를 저장한 플래시 메모리 디바이스로 구성될 수 있다.
전술한 도면들 및 설명의 다양한 특징부들, 요소들 또는 프로세스들은 본 명세서에서 설명되는 구현들을 실현하거나 실시하기 위해 교환가능하거나 조합가능하다는 것을 이해한다. 당업자는 본 출원의 태양들이 한정이 아니라 예시의 목적을 위해 제공되는 설명된 구현들과 다른 구현들에 의해 실시될 수 있으며, 태양들은 아래의 특허청구범위에 의해서만 한정된다는 것을 알 것이다.
Claims (69)
- 방법으로서,
전자 디바이스에서:
이름(name)을 수신하는 단계;
상기 이름의 제1 부분의 대안적인(alternative) 음성 발음들을 나타내는 제1 복수의 단음절 성분들을 디스플레이하는 단계;
상기 제1 복수의 단음절 성분들 중 하나의 단음절 성분에 관한 제1 사용자 선택을 수신하는 단계;
상기 이름의 제2 부분을, 상기 이름의 상기 제2 부분의 대안적인 음성 발음들을 나타내는 제2 복수의 단음절 성분들에 맵핑하는 단계;
상기 제1 복수의 단음절 성분들 중 상기 하나의 단음절 성분에 기초하여 선택된 상기 제2 복수의 단음절 성분들의 서브세트(subset)를 디스플레이하는 단계;
상기 제2 복수의 단음절 성분들의 상기 서브세트 중 적어도 하나의 단음절 성분에 관한 제2 사용자 선택을 수신하는 단계; 및
상기 제1 복수의 단음절 성분들 중 상기 하나의 단음절 성분 및 상기 제2 복수의 단음절 성분들의 상기 서브세트 중 상기 적어도 하나의 단음절 성분을 조합하여, 상기 이름의 음성 발음을 구성하는 단계
를 포함하는, 방법. - 제1항에 있어서, 사용자 인터페이스를 통해 상기 음성 발음을 출력하는 단계를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 음성 발음을 선택하거나 거절하기 위한 사용자 입력을 수신하는 단계를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 제2 복수의 단음절 성분들의 상기 서브세트는, 상기 제1 복수의 단음절 성분들을 디스플레이하는 동안에 디스플레이되지 않는, 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 제2 복수의 단음절 성분들의 상기 서브세트는, 상기 제1 사용자 선택을 수신하는 즉시 디스플레이되는, 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 사용자 관련 콘택 리스트(contact list)로부터 상기 이름을 수신하는 단계를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 이름은 성(last name) 및 명(first name) 중 적어도 하나를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 이름과 연관된 하나 이상의 단음절 성분들을 포함하는 데이터 저장소에 조회하는 단계를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 제1 복수의 단음절 성분들은 하나 이상의 언어 또는 장소와 관련된 성분들을 포함하는, 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 이름의 상기 음성 발음을 구성하는 단계는 오디오 파일을 생성하는 단계를 포함하는, 방법.
- 시스템으로서,
이름을 수신하도록 배열된 사용자 인터페이스; 및
프로세서
를 포함하며,
상기 사용자 인터페이스는 상기 이름의 제1 부분의 대안적인 음성 발음들을 나타내는 제1 복수의 단음절 성분들을 디스플레이하도록 배열되고,
상기 사용자 인터페이스는 상기 제1 복수의 단음절 성분들 중 하나의 단음절 성분에 관한 제1 사용자 선택을 수신하도록 배열되고,
상기 프로세서는 상기 이름의 제2 부분을, 상기 이름의 상기 제2 부분의 대안적인 음성 발음들을 나타내는 제2 복수의 단음절 성분들에 맵핑하도록 배열되고,
상기 사용자 인터페이스는 상기 제1 복수의 단음절 성분들 중 상기 하나의 단음절 성분에 기초하여 선택된 상기 제2 복수의 단음절 성분들의 서브세트를 디스플레이하도록 배열되고,
상기 사용자 인터페이스는 상기 제2 복수의 단음절 성분들의 상기 서브세트 중 적어도 하나의 단음절 성분에 관한 제2 사용자 선택을 수신하도록 배열되고,
상기 프로세서는 상기 제1 복수의 단음절 성분들 중 상기 하나의 단음절 성분 및 상기 제2 복수의 단음절 성분들의 상기 서브세트 중 상기 적어도 하나의 단음절 성분을 조합하여, 상기 이름의 음성 발음을 구성하도록 배열되는, 시스템. - 제11항에 있어서, 상기 사용자 인터페이스는 상기 음성 발음을 제공하도록 배열되는, 시스템.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 사용자 인터페이스는 상기 음성 발음을 선택하거나 거절하기 위한 사용자 입력을 수신하도록 배열되는, 시스템.
- 제11항 내지 제13항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 사용자 인터페이스는 상기 제1 복수의 단음절 성분들을 디스플레이하는 동안에 상기 제2 복수의 단음절 성분들의 상기 서브세트를 디스플레이하지 않도록 배열되는, 시스템.
- 제11항 내지 제13항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 사용자 인터페이스는 상기 제1 사용자 선택을 수신하는 즉시 상기 제2 복수의 단음절 성분들의 상기 서브세트를 디스플레이하도록 배열되는, 시스템.
- 제11항 내지 제13항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 프로세서는 사용자 관련 콘택 리스트로부터 상기 이름을 수신하도록 배열되는, 시스템.
- 제11항 내지 제13항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 이름은 텍스트 포맷(text format)인, 시스템.
- 제11항 내지 제13항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 이름과 관련된 하나 이상의 단음절 성분들을 포함하는 데이터 저장소를 포함하며, 상기 프로세서는 상기 데이터 저장소에 조회하도록 배열되는, 시스템.
- 제11항 내지 제13항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 제1 복수의 단음절 성분들은 하나 이상의 언어 또는 장소와 관련된 성분들을 포함하는, 시스템.
- 제11항 내지 제13항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 이름의 상기 음성 발음을 구성하는 것은 오디오 파일을 생성하는 것을 포함하는, 시스템.
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PCT/US2013/028412 WO2013130878A2 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2013-02-28 | Systems and methods for name pronunciation |
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