JP2015505480A - 合成葉緑体輸送ペプチド - Google Patents
合成葉緑体輸送ペプチド Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015505480A JP2015505480A JP2014555791A JP2014555791A JP2015505480A JP 2015505480 A JP2015505480 A JP 2015505480A JP 2014555791 A JP2014555791 A JP 2014555791A JP 2014555791 A JP2014555791 A JP 2014555791A JP 2015505480 A JP2015505480 A JP 2015505480A
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- C12N15/8216—Methods for controlling, regulating or enhancing expression of transgenes in plant cells
- C12N15/8221—Transit peptides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/10—Seeds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- A01N57/20—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2012年2月1日に出願された米国特許仮出願番号第61/593,555号および2012年4月17日に出願された米国特許仮出願番号第61/625,222号の利益を主張する。
37 C.F.R.§ 1.821(c)または(e)に従って、配列表のASCIIテキストバージョンを含むファイルは、本出願と同時に提出され、その内容は参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
葉緑体輸送ペプチド(CTP)(またはプラスチド輸送ペプチド)は、CTPを含むポリペプチドをプラスチド(例えば、葉緑体)に向かわせるよう、同時翻訳的または翻訳後に機能する。本発明のいくつかの実施形態では、内因性葉緑体タンパク質または異種タンパク質のいずれかが、CTPを含む大きな前駆体ポリペプチドとして、このようなタンパク質の発現によって葉緑体に向けられ得る。特定の実施形態では、CTPは、たとえば、限定されないが、異種生物から得られるオーソロガス遺伝子由来の少なくとも1つの連続配列を組み込むことによって、5−エノールピルビルシキミ酸−3−リン酸シンターゼ(EPSPS)酵素のアラインメントから得られるヌクレオチド配列またはその機能的変異体から誘導され得る。
CTP 葉緑体輸送ペプチド
EPSPS 3−エノールピルビルシキミ酸−5−リン酸シンセターゼ
YFP 黄色蛍光タンパク質
Ti 腫瘍誘導性(A.ツメファシエンス(A. tumefaciens)に由来するプラスミド)
T−DNA トランスファーDNA
本開示の種々の実施形態の再調査を容易にするために、特定の用語の以下の説明を提供する:
高ストリンジェンシー条件(少なくとも90%の配列同一性を共有する配列を検出する):65℃で16時間の5×SSCバッファー中でのハイブリダイゼーション;室温で各15分の2×SSCバッファーでの2回の洗浄;および65℃で各20分間の0.5×SSCバッファーでの2回の洗浄。
中程度のストリンジェンシー条件(少なくとも80%の配列同一性を共有する配列を検出する):65〜70℃で16〜20時間の5×〜6×SSCバッファー中でのハイブリダイゼーション;室温で各5〜20分の2×SSCバッファーでの2回の洗浄;および55〜70℃で各30分間の1×SSCバッファーでの2回の洗浄。
非ストリンジェント対照条件(少なくとも50%の配列同一性を共有する配列がハイブリダイズする):室温〜55℃で16〜20時間の6×SSCバッファーでのハイブリダイゼーション;室温〜55℃で各20〜30分の2×〜3×SSCバッファーでの少なくとも2回の洗浄。
いくつかの実施形態では、本開示は、対象とするヌクレオチド配列と作動可能に連結している合成CTPをコードする少なくとも1種のヌクレオチド配列を含む核酸分子を提供する。特定の実施形態では、対象とするヌクレオチド配列は、対象とするポリペプチドをコードするヌクレオチド配列であり得る。特定の例では、TraP23配列が対象とするポリペプチドのN末端と融合しているポリペプチドをコードする単一の核酸分子が、提供される。
いくつかの実施形態では、少なくとも1種の合成CTPを含むポリペプチドまたはその機能的同等物をコードするヌクレオチド配列を含む少なくとも1種の核酸分子が、そこでのポリペプチドの発現のために細胞、組織または生物中に導入され得る。特定の実施形態では、核酸分子は、合成CTPをコードするヌクレオチド配列と作動可能に連結している対象とするヌクレオチド配列を含み得る。例えば、核酸分子は、少なくとも1種の合成CTPと、対象とするヌクレオチド配列によってコードされる少なくとも1種のさらなるペプチド配列を含むポリペプチドをコードするコード配列を含み得る。いくつかの実施形態では、本発明の核酸分子が、プラスチドを含有する宿主細胞、組織または生物(例えば、植物細胞、植物組織および植物体)中に導入され得、その結果、ポリペプチドが、プラスチドを含有する宿主細胞、組織または生物中の核酸分子から発現され得、発現されたポリペプチドが、少なくとも1種の合成CTPおよび対象とするヌクレオチド配列によってコードされる少なくとも1種のさらなるペプチド配列を含む。特定の例では、このような発現されたポリペプチドの合成CTPは、少なくともさらなるペプチド配列を含むポリペプチドの一部を、宿主細胞、組織または生物のプラスチドへのターゲッティングを容易にし得る。
いくつかの実施形態では、少なくとも1種の合成CTPを含むポリペプチドをコードするヌクレオチド配列を含む植物細胞を含む植物が、提供される。特定の実施形態では、このような植物は、植物組織または植物細胞の形質転換および全植物体の再生によって製造され得る。さらなる実施形態では、このような植物は、市販の供給源から、または少なくとも1種の合成CTPを含むポリペプチドをコードするヌクレオチド配列を含む核酸の生殖質への遺伝子移入によって得られ得る。少なくとも1種の合成CTPを含むポリペプチドをコードするヌクレオチド配列を含む植物細胞を含む植物材料も提供される。このような植物材料は、植物細胞を含む植物から得られ得る。
本発明のいくつかの実施形態は、プラスチド(例えば、葉緑体)への遺伝子産物の発現および/または局在のための方法を提供する。特定の実施形態では、遺伝子産物は、マーカー遺伝子産物、例えば、蛍光分子であり得る。合成CTPを含むポリペプチドの一部としての遺伝子産物の発現は、特定の合成CTP配列のプラスチド局在能を評価するためのシステムを提供し得る。いくつかの実施形態では、合成CTPを含有するポリペプチドの一部としてのマーカー遺伝子産物の発現は、マーカー遺伝子産物の発現を、ポリペプチドが発現される細胞のプラスチドにターゲッティングするために使用される。特定の実施形態では、このようなマーカー遺伝子産物は、宿主細胞のプラスチド(複数可)に局在している。例えば、マーカー遺伝子産物は、プラスチド(複数可)において、宿主細胞のサイトゾルまたはその他のオルガネラよりも高レベルで発現され得るか;マーカー遺伝子産物は、本質的にプラスチド(複数可)のみにおいて発現され得るか;またはマーカー遺伝子産物は、サイトゾルまたは非プラスチドオルガネラにおける発現が検出され得ないよう、プラスチド(複数可)において完全に発現され得る。
(実施例)
プラスチドは、高等植物種に見出される細胞小器官であり、すべての植物組織中に存在する。葉緑体は、本質的な生理機能に関与している緑色の光合成組織に見られる特定のタイプのプラスチドである。例えば、このような1つの主要な生理機能は、植物に必要とされる芳香族アミノ酸の合成である。核コードされた酵素は、この生合成経路に必要とされ、細胞質から葉緑体の内部に輸送される。これらの核コードされた酵素は、通常、葉緑体のストロマへのペプチド輸送を促進するために、葉緑体の膜と相互作用するN末端輸送ペプチドを有する。Bruce B. (2000) Chloroplast transit peptides: structure, function, and evolution. Trends Cell Bio. 10: 440-447。取り込み時に、間質ペプチダーゼは輸送ペプチドを切断し、葉緑体に取り込まれた成熟機能性タンパク質を残す。Richter S, Lamppa GK. (1999) Stromal processing peptidase binds transit peptides and initiates their ATP-dependent turnover in chloroplasts. Journ. Cell Bio. 147: 33-43。葉緑体輸送ペプチドは、長さ、組成および機構において高度に分岐している可変配列である。Bruce B. (2000) Chloroplast transit peptides: structure, function, and evolution. Trends Cell Bio. 10: 440-447。葉緑体輸送ペプチドの配列類似性は、異なる植物種由来の相同タンパク質間で有意に分岐する。異なる植物種から得られた相同タンパク質は、プロセシングされた成熟機能性タンパク質を比較する場合、典型的に、比較的高レベルの配列類似性を共有することを考慮すると、葉緑体輸送ペプチド間の分岐量は予期されない。
タバコ一過性アッセイ:
最初に、一過性in plantaアッセイを介して、TraP23の合成葉緑体輸送ペプチド配列を試験した。TraP v2(配列番号12)の合成葉緑体輸送ペプチド配列をコードするポリヌクレオチド配列を合成した。得られた構築物は2つの植物転写単位(PTU)を含有した。第1のPTUは、シロイヌナズナ(Arabidopsis thaliana)ユビキチン10プロモーター(AtUbi10プロモーター;Callis, et al, (1990) J. Biol. Chem., 265: 12486-12493)、TraP−緑色蛍光タンパク質融合遺伝子(TraP−GFP;米国特許第7,678,893号)、およびアグロバクテリウム・ツメファシエンス(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)ORF23 3’非翻訳領域(AtuORF23 3’UTR;米国特許第5,428,147号)で構成された。第2のPTUは、キャッサバ葉脈モザイクウイルスプロモーター(CsVMVプロモーター;Verdaguer et al, (1996) Plant Molecular Biology, 31 : 1129-1139)、dsm−2(DSM2;米国特許出願第2011/0107455号)、およびアグロバクテリウム・ツメファシエンス(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)ORF1 3’非翻訳領域(AtuORF1 3’UTR;Huang et al, (1990) J. Bacteriol, 172: 1814-1822)で構成された。構築物pDAB107640は、TraP23 v2の合成葉緑体輸送ペプチドを含有する(図3)。構築物を制限酵素消化および配列決定を介して確認した。最後に、構築物をアグロバクテリウム・ツメファシエンス(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)に形質転換し、グリセロールストックとして保存した。
アグロバクテリウム浸潤したタバコの葉を植物から切断し、脱水を防ぐために水とともにペトリ皿に入れた。浸潤したタバコの葉は、GFPレポータータンパク質を首尾よく発現している葉の損傷がない領域を同定するために、Dark Reader Hand Lamp(商標)(Clare Chemical Research Co.;Dolores、CO)を用いて、適所に保持されたロングパスフィルターガラスを用いた青色光励起下で観察された。具体的に同定された葉の領域は葉から切断され、共焦点顕微鏡(Leica TCS−SP5 AOBS(商標);Buffalo Grove、IL)による画像化のために水中でマウントされた。GFPレポータータンパク質は、マルチラインアルゴンイオンレーザーを用いて、514nmのレーザー線で励起した。検出スリットの幅は、バックグラウンドの葉の自己蛍光を排除するために、非発現(暗)対照の葉試料を用いて調整された。クロロフィルの自己蛍光は、葉緑体の局在を決定するための蛍光レポータータンパク質シグナルとの直接比較のために第2のチャネルに同時に回収された。
浸潤したタバコ植物の試料をウエスタンブロッティングを介してアッセイした。リーフパンチを収集し、ビーズミルに供した。約100〜200mgの葉材料は、Kleco(商標)ビーズミル中で3分間、2BB(鋼球;Daisy;Rogers、AR)および500mlのPBSTと混合された。次に、試料を14,000×g、4℃にて遠心機でスピンダウンした。上清を除去し、ウエスタンブロットまたは免疫沈降のいずれかを介して直接分析した。製造業者のプロトコールに従って、Pierce Direct IPキット(商標)(Thermo Scientific;Rockford、IL)を用いて免疫沈降を行った。およそ50μgの抗GFPを樹脂に結合させた。試料を樹脂とともに一晩、4℃にてインキュベートした。次に、試料を洗浄し、翌朝溶出した。等量の2×8M尿素試料緩衝液を合わせ、その後、試料を5分間煮沸することによって分析用に準備した。MOPS緩衝液中の4〜12%SDS−Bis Trisゲル上で煮沸試料を40分間泳動した。次に、製造業者のプロトコールに従って、Invitrogen iBlot(商標)(Life Technologies;Carlsbad、CA)を用いてゲルをブロットした。ブロットしたメンブレンをPBS−Tween溶液中の5%脱脂粉乳を用いて10分間ブロックした。PBS−Tween溶液中の5%脱脂粉乳で1:1000希釈で使用した一次抗体(ウサギのモノクローナル抗GFP)を用いてメンブレンを1時間探査した。次に、すべての未結合の一次抗体を除くために、PBS−Tweenを用いて5分間3回、メンブレンを濯いだ。1:1000希釈で使用したヤギの二次モノクローナル抗ウサギ抗体(Life Technologies)を用いてメンブレンを60分間探査した。メンブレンを上記に記載の通りに洗浄し、Themo BCIP/NBT基質を添加することによって発色させた。比色基質は、5〜10分間発色させ、続いて、乾燥させる前にブロットを水で濯いだ。
TraP23 v2合成葉緑体輸送ペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチド配列(配列番号12)は、緑色蛍光タンパク質遺伝子の上流にクローニングされ、トウモロコシプロトプラストの一過性in plantaアッセイを介した試験のためにpDAB106598構築物(図5)に組み込まれた。得られた構築物は、以下の植物転写単位(PTU)を含有した。第1のPTUは、トウモロコシ(Zea mays)ユビキチン1プロモーター(ZmUbi1プロモーター;Christensen, A., Sharrock R., and Quail P., (1992) Maize polyubiquitin genes: structure, thermal perturbation of expression and transcript splicing, and promoter activity following transfer to protoplasts by electroporation, Plant Molecular Biology, 18: 675-689)、TraP−緑色蛍光タンパク質融合遺伝子(TraP23−GFP;米国特許第7,678,893号)、およびトウモロコシ(Zea mays)ペルオキシダーゼ5 3’非翻訳領域(ZmPer5 3’UTR;米国特許第6384207号)で構成された。制限酵素消化および配列決定を介して構築物を確認した。
大腸菌(Esherichia coli)の5−エノールピルビルシキミ酸3−リン酸シンターゼ酵素(EPSPシンターゼ)における1アミノ酸突然変異(G96A)は、グリホサート非感受性をもたらすことができる(Padgette et al, (1991); Eschenburg et al., (2002); Priestman et al, (2005); Haghani et al, (2008))。この突然変異はグリホサートに対する耐性を付与するが、その天然基質であるホスホエノールピルビン酸(PEP)によるEPSPシンターゼの結合に悪影響を及ぼすことも知られている。基質結合効率において生じた変化は、グリホサートに対するin plantaにおける耐性を提供するために、突然変異した酵素を不適当なものにし得る。
新たに設計された、双子葉植物の最適化されたdgt−28 v5ポリヌクレオチド配列は配列番号14に列挙されている。新たに設計された、単子葉植物の最適化されたdgt−28 v6ポリヌクレオチド配列は配列番号15に列挙されている:この配列は、制限酵素部位を導入するために、第2のアミノ酸位置でアラニンを含むことによって僅かに改変された。得られたDNA配列は、高度なコドン多様性、所望の塩基組成を有し、戦略的に配置された制限酵素認識部位を含み、遺伝子の転写または生成物mRNAの翻訳を干渉し得る配列を欠損している。
上記のバイナリー形質転換ベクターを含むアグロバクテリウムのグリセロールストックは、適切な抗生物質を含むAB最小培地プレート上に筋状にし、20℃にて3〜4日間で増殖させた。単一のコロニーを採取し、同じ抗生物質を含むYEPプレート上に筋状にし、28℃にて1〜2日間インキュベートした。
Cry2Aa:
バチルス・チューリンゲンシス(Bacillus thuringiensis)由来のCry2Aaタンパク質は、アメリカタバコガ(Helicoverpa zea)(CEW)およびヨーロッパアワノメイガ(Ostrinia nubilalis)(ECB)に対して活性を実証した。cry2Aa遺伝子(配列番号13)の単一バージョンは、トウモロコシのための偏ったコドンであり、トウモロコシにおいて試験された。この実験では、Cry2Aaは、単独で、およびトウモロコシにおけるTraP23合成葉緑体輸送ペプチドと組み合わせて評価され、昆虫耐性活性を決定し、TraP23合成葉緑体輸送ペプチド配列がトウモロコシにおけるCry2Aaタンパク質の発現に及ぼす効果を評価した。
Claims (40)
- 5−エノールピルビルシキミ酸−3−リン酸シンターゼ(EPSPS)酵素のアラインメントから得られた参照ヌクレオチド配列から誘導される合成葉緑体輸送ペプチドをコードするヌクレオチド配列を含む単離された核酸分子。
- 合成葉緑体輸送ペプチドをコードするヌクレオチド配列に作動可能に連結している対象とするヌクレオチド配列をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の単離された核酸分子。
- 参照ヌクレオチド配列が、アブラナ属種(Brassica sp.)、ダイズ属種(Glycine sp.)、アラビドプシス属種(Arabidopsis sp.)、およびデュネイラ属種(Duneila sp.)からなる群から選択される種から単離された5−エノールピルビルシキミ酸−3−リン酸シンターゼ(EPSPS)酵素のアラインメントから得られる、請求項1に記載の単離された核酸分子。
- 参照ヌクレオチド配列が、配列番号1〜10からなる群から選択されるポリペプチドのアラインメントから得られる、請求項1に記載の単離された核酸分子。
- 合成葉緑体輸送ペプチドが、配列番号11の葉緑体輸送ペプチドと少なくとも80%同一である、請求項1に記載の単離された核酸分子。
- 合成葉緑体輸送ペプチドが、配列番号11の葉緑体輸送ペプチドと少なくとも85%同一である、請求項5に記載の単離された核酸分子。
- 合成葉緑体輸送ペプチドが、配列番号11の葉緑体輸送ペプチドと少なくとも90%同一である、請求項6に記載の単離された核酸分子。
- 合成葉緑体輸送ペプチドが、配列番号11の葉緑体輸送ペプチドと少なくとも95%同一である、請求項7に記載の単離された核酸分子。
- 合成葉緑体輸送ペプチドが、配列番号11の葉緑体輸送ペプチドと少なくとも98%同一である、請求項8に記載の単離された核酸分子。
- 合成葉緑体輸送ペプチドが、配列番号11を含む、請求項9に記載の単離された核酸分子。
- 合成葉緑体輸送ペプチドをコードするヌクレオチド配列が、配列番号12の核酸に特異的にハイブリダイズ可能である、請求項1に記載の単離された核酸分子。
- 各々、葉緑体輸送ペプチドをコードする、少なくとも1種のさらなるヌクレオチド配列をさらに含み、さらなるヌクレオチド配列が、対象とするヌクレオチド配列に作動可能に連結している、請求項2に記載の単離された核酸分子。
- 少なくとも1種のさらなるヌクレオチド配列が、原核生物、下等光合成真核生物および緑藻植物からなる群から選択される生物に由来する、請求項12に記載の単離された核酸分子。
- 対象とする合成葉緑体輸送ペプチドをコードする配列およびヌクレオチド配列が、1つまたは複数の調節配列に作動可能に連結している、請求項2に記載の単離された核酸分子。
- 対象とするヌクレオチド配列によってコードされるペプチドおよび合成葉緑体輸送ペプチドを含むキメラポリペプチドをコードする、請求項2に記載の単離された核酸分子。
- 請求項15に記載の核酸分子によってコードされるキメラポリペプチド。
- 対象とするヌクレオチド配列によってコードされるペプチドが、プラスチド含有細胞中のプラスチドにターゲッティングされる、請求項16に記載のキメラポリペプチド。
- 対象とするヌクレオチド配列によってコードされるペプチドが、プラスチドにターゲッティングされると除去される合成葉緑体輸送ペプチドを含む、請求項17に記載のキメラポリペプチド。
- 対象とするヌクレオチド配列によってコードされるペプチドが、生物学的に活性なペプチドである、請求項16に記載のキメラポリペプチド。
- 対象とするヌクレオチド配列によってコードされるペプチドが、蛍光ペプチドである、請求項16に記載のキメラポリペプチド。
- 生物学的に活性なペプチドが、アセトラクターゼシンターゼ(ALS)、突然変異ALS、ALSの前駆体、3−エノールピルビルシキミ酸−5−リン酸シンセターゼ(EPSPS)、CP4 EPSPSおよびクラスIII EPSPSからなる群から選択される、請求項19に記載のキメラポリペプチド。
- 生物学的に活性なペプチドが、DGT−28またはCry2Aaである、請求項19に記載のキメラポリペプチド。
- 生物学的に活性なペプチドが、除草剤抵抗性、ウイルス抵抗性、細菌病原体抵抗性、昆虫抵抗性、線虫抵抗性、真菌抵抗性、草勢、植物の収量、温度耐性、土壌条件耐性、低光量レベル耐性、低水分レベル耐性、高水分レベル耐性、化学的環境耐性、種子色、デンプン変性、アミノ酸合成、光合成、脂肪酸の合成、油の合成、アロテノイド(arotenoid)の合成、テルペノイドの合成、デンプンの合成および除草剤抵抗性からなる群から選択されるプロセスに関与している、請求項19に記載のキメラポリペプチド。
- 生物学的に活性なペプチドが、除草剤抵抗性に関与している、請求項19に記載のキメラポリペプチド。
- 請求項2に記載の核酸分子を含む植物材料。
- 植物細胞、植物組織、植物組織培養物、カルス培養物、植物の一部および全植物体からなる群から選択される、請求項25に記載の植物材料。
- 核酸分子が、植物材料から得た細胞のゲノムに安定に組み込まれる、請求項25に記載の植物材料。
- トランスジェニック植物材料を製造する方法であって、
請求項2に記載の単離された核酸分子を得ることと、
植物材料を、核酸分子を用いて形質転換することと
を含む、方法。 - 請求項28に記載の方法によって製造されるトランスジェニック植物材料。
- ポリペプチドを葉緑体にターゲッティングするためのEPSPS由来の手段を含む単離された核酸分子。
- ポリペプチドを葉緑体にターゲッティングするためのEPSPS由来の手段に作動可能に連結している対象とするヌクレオチド配列をさらに含む、請求項30に記載の単離された核酸分子。
- 対象とするヌクレオチド配列によってコードされるペプチドを含むキメラポリペプチドをコードする、請求項31に記載の単離された核酸分子。
- 請求項31に記載の核酸分子を含む植物発現ベクター。
- 請求項33に記載の核酸分子を含む植物材料。
- トランスジェニック植物材料を製造する方法であって、
請求項31に記載の単離された核酸分子を得ることと、
植物材料を、核酸分子を用いて形質転換することと
を含む、方法。 - 植物材料が、植物細胞、植物組織、植物組織培養物、カルス培養物、植物の一部および全植物体からなる群から選択される、請求項35に記載の方法。
- 請求項35に記載の方法によって製造されるトランスジェニック植物材料。
- 請求項37に記載のトランスジェニック植物材料から再生されたトランスジェニック植物。
- 植物体に再生され得ない植物細胞である、請求項26に記載の植物材料。
- 植物材料が、植物体を生成するよう再生できない植物細胞である、請求項28に記載の方法。
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