JP2012513253A - 前頭洞スペーサー - Google Patents
前頭洞スペーサー Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012513253A JP2012513253A JP2011542562A JP2011542562A JP2012513253A JP 2012513253 A JP2012513253 A JP 2012513253A JP 2011542562 A JP2011542562 A JP 2011542562A JP 2011542562 A JP2011542562 A JP 2011542562A JP 2012513253 A JP2012513253 A JP 2012513253A
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- sinus
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Abstract
Description
この特許出願は、2004年4月21に出願された発明の名称が「副鼻腔炎並びに耳、鼻及び/又は咽喉の他の疾患を診断及び治療するための装置、システム及び方法」(Devices, Systems and Methods for Diagnosing and Treating Sinusitis and Other Disorders of the Ears, Nose and/or Throat)である米国特許出願第10/829,917号の一部継続出願である、2004年8月4日に出願された発明の名称が「副鼻腔炎及び他の疾患を治療するために薬物及び他の物質を送達するための移植式装置及び方法」(Implantable Device and Methods for Delivering Drugs and Other Substances to Treat Sinusitis and Other Disorders)である米国特許出願第10/912,578号の一部継続出願である、2005年1月17日に出願された発明の名称が「耳、鼻、及び咽喉の疾患を治療するための装置、システム及び方法」(Devices, Systems and Methods for Treating Disorders of the Ear, Nose and Throat)である米国特許出願第11/037,548号の一部継続出願である、2005年9月23日に出願された発明の名称が「副鼻腔炎及び他の疾患を治療するために治療物質を送達するための装置及び方法」(Devices and Methods for Delivering Therapeutic Substances for the Treatment of Sinusitis and Other Disorders)である米国特許出願第11/234,395号の一部継続出願である、2006年10月4日に出願された発明の名称が「副鼻腔炎及び他の疾患を治療するための移植式装置及び方法」(Implantable Devices and Methods for Treating Sinusitis and Other Disorders)である同時係属中の米国特許出願第11/544,009号の一部継続出願である、2008年4月9日に出願された発明の名称が「副鼻腔炎の治療のための治療物質送達能力を有する篩骨洞切開術システム及び移植式スペーサー装置」(Ethmoidotomy System And Implantable Spacer Devices Having Therapeutic Substance Delivery Capability For Treatment Of Paranasal Sinusitis)である同時係属中の米国特許出願第12/100,361号の一部継続出願である。上記出願のそれぞれの全開示内容を本明細書に参照により明確に組み入れるものである。
本発明は、一般的には医療装置及び方法に関し、より詳細には、副鼻腔炎、並びに他の耳、鼻及び咽喉の疾患を含むがこれらに限定されない、広範な疾患を治療するための物質送達インプラント及び方法に関する。
機能的内視鏡下副鼻腔手術(FESS)は、鼻に内視鏡を挿入して行われる一般的なタイプの手術であり、内視鏡による可視化の下で、外科医が罹患若しくは肥厚した組織又は骨を除去し、副鼻腔の自然孔を外科的に拡張して副鼻腔の正常な換気及び排液を回復させることができる。
自然孔に隣接する組織が外科的に切除又は切開される場合、手術後の瘢痕組織、線維症、ポリープ症又は組織の内殖によって副鼻腔の自然孔が再閉塞する可能性がある。このような手術後の前頭洞及び蝶形骨洞の再閉塞を防止するため、外科的に改変された副鼻腔自然孔、すなわち流出路に小型の管状ステントを手術後の限定された期間の間、留置することがこれまで行われてきた。
副鼻腔炎を治療し、かつ/又は外科的に改変された流出路又は自然孔の手術後の再閉塞を防止するために副鼻腔の内部又は周囲に用いられる様々な薬物送達用インプラントが提案されている。
現在までのところ、鼻腔及び副鼻腔手術におけるステント及びスペーサーの使用は、組織及び骨を切除又は除去する手術後に、前頭洞の流出路及び蝶形骨洞の自然孔内に留置することに主として限定されてきた。しかしながら、他の種類の鼻腔及び副鼻腔の疾患の治療用に新たな装置及び方法が利用可能となるに従って、前頭洞の流出路に限定されない様々な場所に留置するのに適した鼻腔内又は副鼻腔スペーサー及びステント(薬物溶出性能を有する、又は有さないもの)が求められるようになる可能性が高い。
上記の課題の多くは、具体的には前頭洞の治療にも関連している。更に、前頭洞の独特の解剖学的構造のため、更なる課題がある。すなわち、前頭洞へのアクセスには特別な器具が必要となりうる。更に、前頭洞に行われる従来のFESS手術は瘢痕化する傾向が高くなることが分かっている。このような瘢痕化は、不充分な排液及び換気の再発につながりうる。
図7A〜7Kは、上記に述べた副鼻腔ニードル装置60、シース40及び物質送達装置10を使用して篩骨洞切開術通路を効果的に「ステント」し、治療物質(例えば、コルチコステロイド)を術後のある期間にわたって病変した篩骨洞内に送達するためのニードル式篩骨洞切開術を行う方法の一例を示したものである。
図8A〜8Gは、前頭洞の流出路FSOをバルーンで拡張した後、ステント及び物質送達機能を行うために物質送達スペーサー装置10を前頭洞の流出路FSO内に配置する一方法の例を示したものである。
この例では、図9A〜9Dは、成人のヒト患者において前頭洞炎を治療する別の方法の各工程を示す。前頭洞自然孔FSOは、過去に外科的に改変又は上記に述べたように拡張されている場合もあればそうでない場合もある。内視鏡による可視化の下、前頭洞ガイドカテーテル500(例えば、Relieva(商標)70°副鼻腔ガイドカテーテル、アクラレント社(Acclarent, Inc.)カリフォルニア州、メンロパーク)を鼻孔を通じて挿入し、その遠位端が前頭洞の自然孔FSOの内部に位置するか前頭洞自然孔FSOと整列する位置にまで進める。ガイドカテーテル500のこのような配置は、内視鏡による可視化及び/又はX線透視法によって確認することができる。
図10Aは、前頭洞に物質を送達するように構成された物質送達システム500の一実施形態を示したものである。一実施形態では、システム500は、副鼻腔スペーサー511を含む物質送達装置510、送達プロセスの前及びプロセスの部分の間に副鼻腔スペーサー530を覆うためのシース530、及び、これを通じて前頭洞内にスペーサー511を案内するガイド装置540を含んでよい。これらの装置のそれぞれについて、下記に詳細に述べる。特定の実施形態では、システム500は、注射器(図に示されていない)又は物質送達装置510の近位端に連結して装置510を通じてスペーサー511内へと物質/液体を注入するための他の物質/液体注入装置を更に含んでもよい。特定の実施形態では、本明細書において列記する物質の任意のものを含むがこれらに限定されない、注射器に予め充填されたある量の物質を更に含んでもよい。場合により、特定の実施形態では、ガイド装置540の扱い及び患者の鼻孔内へのガイド装置540の前進を容易にするためにガイド装置540と連結するためのハンドル(図に示されていない)を含んでもよい。代替的な実施形態では任意の適当なハンドルを使用することが可能であり、例えば一実施形態では、Relieva Sidekick(商標)副鼻腔ガイドカテーテルハンドル(アクラレント社(Acclarent, Inc.)カリフォルニア州、メンロパーク)を使用することができる。
トリアムシノロンアセトニドの注射用懸濁液(Kenalog(登録商標)40、ブリストルマイヤーズ・スクイブ社(Bristol-Myers Squibb)ニュージャージー州、プリンストン)は、物質送達スペーサー装置10のリザーバ14内に充填した場合、装置の移植後少なくとも30日にわたって完全な状態に維持され、薬学的活性を発揮しうることを確認するために実験を行った。この実験では、1個の装置10のリザーバ14を0.31ccの上記に述べたようなトリアムシノロンアセトニドの注射用懸濁液を注入することによって充填した(以後、「トリアムシノロンアセトニド充填リザーバ」と呼ぶ)。第2の装置10のリザーバ14には生理食塩水を充填し(以後、「プラシーボ充填リザーバ」と呼ぶ)、第3の装置のリザーバは空のままとした(以後、「ブランクリザーバ」と呼ぶ)。3個の装置はすべて、Caron型番6030環境安定性チャンバ内でICH安定性条件下(40 C 2 C/75%RH 5%RH)に維持した。0日目及び30日目に各リザーバの内容物のアリコートに高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)を行った。この実験の結果を下記表1にまとめる。
個々の不純物率(%)=(不純物のピーク面積/K−40副鼻腔スペーサーの全ピーク面積)×100
0日目のK−40副鼻腔スペーサーの全平均ピーク面積=5869075
30日目のK−40副鼻腔スペーサーの全平均ピーク面積=5233043
全体の不純物率(%)=(不純物の全ピーク面積/K−40副鼻腔スペーサーの全ピーク面積)×100
0.02%以上の不純物ピークのみを有意な不純物とみなした。
慢性的な副鼻腔の炎症状態の治療における局所的コルチコステロイド療法の使用は、より効果的な薬物の濃度は、鼻粘膜に局在する受容体部位において得られ、全身性の副作用のリスクが最小となるという根拠に基づいたものである。トリアムシノロンアセトニド(TA)は第2世代の合成コルチコステロイドであり、現在、6種類の化合物が経鼻投与用に承認されている。6種類のコルチコステロイドは、効力及び有効性の面ですべて比較的同等であると考えられる。TAは、最も長い安全記録を有する化合物であり、この装置における使用に適した濃縮液として入手しやすい点から、篩骨洞スペーサーで使用するために選択した。詳細には、トリアムシノロンアセトニドの承認済みの市販の製剤の1つであることからKenalog−40を使用した。
患者番号1〜10:
患者1〜10におけるTAの血中濃度を、麻酔の投与前、並びに物質送達スペーサー装置10の移植及び充填の1、2及び4時間後に調べた。特定の患者が治療施設に一晩滞在した場合には、血液試料を23時間目に、又は退院の直前に採取した。患者1〜10の更なる血液試料を、手術の3、7、10及び14日後、並びに物質送達スペーサー装置10の外植及び除去の直前に採取した。
患者番号11〜13には、以下の点を除いて患者番号1〜10と同様の術後ケア及び血液採取を行った。
患者番号14は、篩骨洞疾患ではなく前頭洞炎の治療を行った患者である。患者番号14には、患者番号1〜10とほぼ同様の術後フォローアップ及びデータ収集(例えば、血液試料及びSNOT−20質問表)を行った。
CTスキャンを読影し、病変した副鼻腔の改善をルンド・マッケイ(Lund McKay)スコアリング法によって採点した。これらのルンド・マッケイスコアを図15にグラフで示す。ベースライン(術前)では、平均のルンド・マッケイスコアは10.4であった。フォローアップにおける平均のルンド・マッケイスコアは3.9であった。したがって、調査した14人の患者は、ルンド・マッケイスコアにおいて65.1%の平均低下率を示した。
図16は、1、2、4、及び6週目に測定したSNOT−20スコアにおけるベースラインからの平均改善率を示す(注:1人の患者がプロトコールから外れ、6週間のフォローアップ通院を4週目で終了した)。1.07以下のスコアは、副鼻腔炎の症状の臨床的に有意な低下を示すものとみなした(すなわち、ベースラインSNOT 20スコアから少なくとも0.8の低下)。これらのデータは、手術の2、4及び6週間後に平均のSNOT 20スコアにおける臨床的に有意な低下が観察されたことを示している。
SNOT−20の結果を5回の術後評価のための通院時に記録した。このエンドポイントに基づいて評価した帰無仮説及び対立仮説は以下のとおりである。
Ho:μ(42日目−ベースライン)=0
Ha:μ(42日目−ベースライン)≠0
CTスキャンをベースライン及び術後42日目に行ってLMKスコアを導出した。このエンドポイントに基づいて評価した帰無仮説及び対立仮説は以下のとおりである。
Ho:μ(42日目−ベースライン)=0
Ha:μ(42日目−ベースライン)≠0
時間の経過とともに物質送達スペーサー装置10から溶出するTAの能力の二次エンドポイントを評価するため、採取した血液試料のそれぞれからの血漿中のTA濃度を調べた。これらのデータを下記表2にまとめる。
局所的に有効な量のTAが、術後最大で28日間にわたって物質送達スペーサー装置10から送達された。CTスキャンにより副鼻腔の炎症の顕著な低減が示された。また、各患者で、SNOT 20及び患者質問表の結果に基づいて副鼻腔炎の症状の大幅な改善を認めた。
(1) 前頭洞に物質を送達するための物質送達副鼻腔スペーサーシステムであって、
湾曲した送達ガイドであって、前記ガイドの遠位端が前頭洞の自然孔の内部又は付近に位置する一方で、前記ガイドの近位端が鼻腔の外部に位置するように前記鼻腔を通じて延びるように構成された、湾曲した送達ガイドと、
近位端及び遠位端を有する細長い物質送達カテーテルと、
前記送達カテーテルの前記遠位端から延びて、前記遠位端と流体連通する物質送達副鼻腔スペーサー装置であって、
非外傷性の先端部を有する細長い管状シャフトと、
前記シャフトに取り付けられ、内部に前記治療物質を充填することが可能な膨張可能なリザーバと、
前記リザーバに隣接してかつ前記リザーバと長手方向に重なる、潰すことが可能な少なくとも2個の保持部材と、を含む、スペーサー装置と、
を含む、システム。
(2) 前記副鼻腔スペーサー装置に着脱可能に被せて配置されることによって前記保持部材を潰れた形態に保持するシースであって、前記送達ガイドを通じた前記シースの前進を停止させるための係止部をその近位端又は近位端付近に含む、シース、を更に含む、実施態様1に記載のシステム。
(3) 前記物質送達カテーテルがその長さの一部に沿って配置されたマーカーを含むことによって、前記送達カテーテル及び前記シースが前記ガイド内に進められる際、前記マーカーの遠位端が前記シースの前記近位端に達すると、前記副鼻腔スペーサーの前記非外傷性の先端部が前記ガイドの前記遠位端に位置し、前記マーカーの近位端が前記シースの前記近位端に達すると、前記潰すことが可能な保持部材が前記ガイドの前記遠位端の外部に位置する、実施態様2に記載のシステム。
(4) 前記湾曲した送達ガイドが、剛性の近位側部分と、可撓性の湾曲した遠位側部分とを含む、実施態様1に記載のシステム。
(5) 前記送達ガイドが、放射線不透過性の遠位側先端部を更に含む、実施態様4に記載のシステム。
(6) 前記物質送達カテーテルが不透明であり、前記副鼻腔スペーサー装置が半透明である、実施態様1に記載のシステム。
(7) 前記副鼻腔スペーサーを鼻腔又は前頭洞の流出路内部の組織に取り付けるために、前記副鼻腔スペーサー装置と結合された縫合糸ループを更に含む、実施態様1に記載のシステム。
(8) 前記カテーテルが、前記物質の供給源に前記カテーテルを結合するためにその近位端に結合されたルアー連結部を更に含む、実施態様1に記載のシステム。
(9) 前記ガイドの前記近位端に着脱可能に結合可能なハンドルを更に含む、実施態様1に記載のシステム。
(10) ある量の前記物質を更に含む、実施態様1に記載のシステム。
(12) 前記ステロイドがトリアムシノロンアセトニドを含む、実施態様11に記載のシステム。
(13) 前記副鼻腔スペーサー装置の前記リザーバがほぼ円筒状の側壁及びテーパ状の端部を有し、前記リザーバの前記側壁及び前記テーパ状の端部には開口部が形成されることによって、前記リザーバ内に充填された治療物質が前記開口部を通じて前記リザーバの外部に溶出する、実施態様1に記載のシステム。
(14) 前記各開口部が、約20マイクロメートル〜約40マイクロメートルの直径を有する、実施態様2に記載のシステム。
(15) 前記副鼻腔スペーサー装置の前記保持部材が、ループ状の翼状要素を含む、実施態様1に記載のシステム。
(16) 前記保持部材が、広がった形態で約13mm〜約16mmの翼幅を有する、実施態様15に記載のシステム。
(17) 前記保持部材が、前記シャフト上に正反対に対向して設けられる、実施態様1に記載のシステム。
(18) 前記保持部材が、前記装置の長手方向の寸法に沿って互い違いに設けられる、実施態様1に記載のシステム。
(19) 前記保持部材が、前記シャフトの共通の側面に沿って取り付けられる、実施態様1に記載のシステム。
トリアムシノロンアセトニドの注射用懸濁液(Kenalog(登録商標)40、ブリストルマイヤーズ・スクイブ社(Bristol-Myers Squibb)ニュージャージー州、プリンストン)は、物質送達スペーサー装置10のリザーバ14内に充填した場合、装置の移植後少なくとも30日にわたって完全な状態に維持され、薬学的活性を発揮しうることを確認するために実験を行った。この実験では、1個の装置10のリザーバ14を0.31ccの上記に述べたようなトリアムシノロンアセトニドの注射用懸濁液を注入することによって充填した(以後、「トリアムシノロンアセトニド充填リザーバ」と呼ぶ)。第2の装置10のリザーバ14には生理食塩水を充填し(以後、「プラシーボ充填リザーバ」と呼ぶ)、第3の装置のリザーバは空のままとした(以後、「ブランクリザーバ」と呼ぶ)。3個の装置はすべて、Caron型番6030環境安定性チャンバ内でICH安定性条件下(40℃±2℃/75%RH±5%RH)に維持した。0日目及び30日目に各リザーバの内容物のアリコートに高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)を行った。この実験の結果を下記表1にまとめる。
個々の不純物率(%)=(不純物のピーク面積/K−40副鼻腔スペーサーの全ピーク面積)×100
0日目のK−40副鼻腔スペーサーの全平均ピーク面積=5869075
30日目のK−40副鼻腔スペーサーの全平均ピーク面積=5233043
全体の不純物率(%)=(不純物の全ピーク面積/K−40副鼻腔スペーサーの全ピーク面積)×100
0.02%以上の不純物ピークのみを有意な不純物とみなした。
Claims (19)
- 前頭洞に物質を送達するための物質送達副鼻腔スペーサーシステムであって、
湾曲した送達ガイドであって、前記ガイドの遠位端が前頭洞の自然孔の内部又は付近に位置する一方で、前記ガイドの近位端が鼻腔の外部に位置するように前記鼻腔を通じて延びるように構成された、湾曲した送達ガイドと、
近位端及び遠位端を有する細長い物質送達カテーテルと、
前記送達カテーテルの前記遠位端から延びて、前記遠位端と流体連通する物質送達副鼻腔スペーサー装置であって、
非外傷性の先端部を有する細長い管状シャフトと、
前記シャフトに取り付けられ、内部に前記治療物質を充填することが可能な膨張可能なリザーバと、
前記リザーバに隣接してかつ前記リザーバと長手方向に重なる、潰すことが可能な少なくとも2個の保持部材と、を含む、スペーサー装置と、
を含む、システム。 - 前記副鼻腔スペーサー装置に着脱可能に被せて配置されることによって前記保持部材を潰れた形態に保持するシースであって、前記送達ガイドを通じた前記シースの前進を停止させるための係止部をその近位端又は近位端付近に含む、シース、を更に含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記物質送達カテーテルがその長さの一部に沿って配置されたマーカーを含むことによって、前記送達カテーテル及び前記シースが前記ガイド内に進められる際、前記マーカーの遠位端が前記シースの前記近位端に達すると、前記副鼻腔スペーサーの前記非外傷性の先端部が前記ガイドの前記遠位端に位置し、前記マーカーの近位端が前記シースの前記近位端に達すると、前記潰すことが可能な保持部材が前記ガイドの前記遠位端の外部に位置する、請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 前記湾曲した送達ガイドが、剛性の近位側部分と、可撓性の湾曲した遠位側部分とを含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記送達ガイドが、放射線不透過性の遠位側先端部を更に含む、請求項4に記載のシステム。
- 前記物質送達カテーテルが不透明であり、前記副鼻腔スペーサー装置が半透明である、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記副鼻腔スペーサーを鼻腔又は前頭洞の流出路内部の組織に取り付けるために、前記副鼻腔スペーサー装置と結合された縫合糸ループを更に含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記カテーテルが、前記物質の供給源に前記カテーテルを結合するためにその近位端に結合されたルアー連結部を更に含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記ガイドの前記近位端に着脱可能に結合可能なハンドルを更に含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- ある量の前記物質を更に含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記物質がステロイドを含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記ステロイドがトリアムシノロンアセトニドを含む、請求項11に記載のシステム。
- 前記副鼻腔スペーサー装置の前記リザーバがほぼ円筒状の側壁及びテーパ状の端部を有し、前記リザーバの前記側壁及び前記テーパ状の端部には開口部が形成されることによって、前記リザーバ内に充填された治療物質が前記開口部を通じて前記リザーバの外部に溶出する、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記各開口部が、約20マイクロメートル〜約40マイクロメートルの直径を有する、請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 前記副鼻腔スペーサー装置の前記保持部材が、ループ状の翼状要素を含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記保持部材が、広がった形態で約13mm〜約16mmの翼幅を有する、請求項15に記載のシステム。
- 前記保持部材が、前記シャフト上に正反対に対向して設けられる、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記保持部材が、前記装置の長手方向の寸法に沿って互い違いに設けられる、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記保持部材が、前記シャフトの共通の側面に沿って取り付けられる、請求項1に記載のシステム。
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PCT/US2009/069143 WO2010078145A1 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2009-12-22 | Frontal sinus spacer |
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JP (1) | JP5602762B2 (ja) |
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AU (1) | AU2009333010B2 (ja) |
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JP2021513450A (ja) * | 2018-02-09 | 2021-05-27 | ホルガー ズートホフHolger Sudhoff | 耳カテーテル |
JP7361400B2 (ja) | 2018-02-09 | 2023-10-16 | アオリフェンティス ゲーエムベーハー | 耳カテーテル |
JP2021525603A (ja) * | 2018-06-01 | 2021-09-27 | ユニヴェルシテ グルノーブル アルプ | 内視鏡用光音響プローブ |
JP2021526412A (ja) * | 2018-06-01 | 2021-10-07 | ユニヴェルシテ グルノーブル アルプ | 内視鏡用超音波プローブおよび該プローブのためのシース |
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US10441758B2 (en) | 2019-10-15 |
CN102256658A (zh) | 2011-11-23 |
WO2010078145A1 (en) | 2010-07-08 |
MX2011006763A (es) | 2011-08-03 |
RU2011130530A (ru) | 2013-01-27 |
BRPI0923533A2 (pt) | 2016-01-26 |
US20140336575A1 (en) | 2014-11-13 |
EP2373372A1 (en) | 2011-10-12 |
US9649477B2 (en) | 2017-05-16 |
CA2747982A1 (en) | 2010-07-08 |
AU2009333010B2 (en) | 2015-07-02 |
US20090198216A1 (en) | 2009-08-06 |
US8764729B2 (en) | 2014-07-01 |
RU2494768C2 (ru) | 2013-10-10 |
US20170312485A1 (en) | 2017-11-02 |
JP5602762B2 (ja) | 2014-10-08 |
KR20110106413A (ko) | 2011-09-28 |
AU2009333010A1 (en) | 2010-07-08 |
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