JP4680939B2 - 治療薬用脈管内送達システム - Google Patents
治療薬用脈管内送達システム Download PDFInfo
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Description
本明細書に説明した形式のシステムは医療の様々な分野での使用が見い出される。本発明の技術の応用は以下を含むが、それに限定されるものではない。
脈管内薬物送達システムは心臓血管状態及び/又はその症状を適切な薬材を脈管及び/又は心臓内の血液へ投与することにより治療するために用いることができる。例えば、システムは鬱血性心不全(CHF)症状の治療に用いられる薬剤を投与するために使用できる。このような薬剤は陽性変力、利尿、欠陥拡張、及びサイトカインエフェクターの分類内の薬剤を含む。特定の薬剤は以下を含む。即ちドブタミン、心房性ナトリウム利尿ペプチド、ジゴキシン、エノキシモネ、ネシリチド(Nesiritide)、テゾセンタン(Tezosentan)、ブメタニド、ヒドララジン、アルプロスタジル(Alprostadil)、カルベジロール、エナラップリラット(Enalaprilat)、アンブリセンタン(Ambrisentan)、及びレボシメンダン(Levosimendan)(商標名Simdaxの下でAbbott Laboratories社により市販されている)である。
脈管内薬物送達システムは糖尿病患者へインシュリンを送達するように構成してもよい。一つの実例例によれば、脈管内インシュリン送達システムは、閉ループシステムとすることができ、これは血糖レベルを測定するグルコースセンサ及びインシュリン貯蔵器を含んでいる。このシステムの実施の形態では、患者に要求されるインシュリンの適宜な用量を投与するようにプログラムしてもよい。
脈管内システムはO2又はCO2センサを患者の血液中の低酸素症又は高炭酸を検出するように備えてもよい。これに応じて、システムは器官支拡張薬及び/又はNO(一酸化窒素)などの他の投薬を低酸素血症又は高炭酸症の初期兆候において、患者が症状の兆候を自覚する前であったとしても投与してもよい。
薬物を特定の大動脈分岐(例えば、肝臓動脈、腎動脈等)へ指向させることにより、脈管内送達デバイスは、治療薬物(化学療法、遺伝子治療又は他の器官特定治療薬を含む)を脳、肝臓、腎臓、膵臓、肺等を含む特定の器官への目標送達を達成できる。例えば薬物はアルツハイマー症、パーキンソン症又は癲癇などの疾病を治療するように脳へ向けて指向させてもよく、脳、肝臓、腎臓、膵臓又は肺へ癌治療のために指向させてもよく、或いは鬱性心不全に関係し得る心臓腎臓症候群の治療のために腎臓へ指向さえてもよい。薬物は、喘息又は肺疾患の症状の治療のためには静脈系を介して、或いは肺癌の治療ためには動脈系を介して肺へ向けて指向させてもよい。
脈管システムの他の実施形態は、予めプログラムされた時間表に従って、或いは施術者から受信した遠隔指令に応答して科学治療薬を投与することができる。或る実施の形態では、このシステムは血管発達腫瘍を与える血管への薬剤の目標送達のために配置することができる。このシステムは放射性粒子を目標位置へ送達させるために用いてもよい。
多くの患者が患う慢性疼痛はPCA(患者調製鎮痛剤)についての対象であり、これは現在は病院で脈管投与されている。本明細書に記載したような脈管内システムは、患者に痛みの調節のために、PCAをその残りをぶらさげながら用いることを可能とする。
脈管内に薬物送達システムのための他の用途は、眼科的症状、血友病などの血液の症状。及び本明細書に言及したものに特定されない疾病及び症状の治療を含む。
一般論として、脈管内薬物送達システムは様々な部品を含み、その選択はデバイス及びそれが意図する薬物送達プロトコル(即ち、閉ループ対プログラム化送達プロトコル対送達のオンデマンド又は遠隔開始)についての用途に広く依存している。
・高分子膜を通じた薬剤の拡散;
・浸透ポンプ(例えばALZA Scientific productsにより商標名ALZETの下に市販されているポンプ)であって、流体の貯蔵器への移動により(即ち浸透により)及び、薬剤を貯蔵器から血液、組織又は器官へ押し出す動的膜上の力の発揮により誘発された浸透圧を介して圧送するポンプ;
・電子機械的マイクロポンプ(例えば、ギアポンプ、ソレノイドポンプ、蠕動ポンプ、真空ポンプ、ベンチュリポンプ、複動膜ポンプ、シリンジポンプ、及び気化置換ポンプを含む);
・貯蔵器ハウジング内の速度制御圧縮膜であって、薬剤を特定の速度で出口オリフィスを通じて推進させる速度制御圧縮膜。圧縮膜が貯蔵器内の流体に耐えるように様々な機構を用いることができる。このような機構は充電式浸透ポンプ、圧縮スリーブ、又は拡張自在ばね又はスリーブを含む。
Claims (44)
- 脈管内薬物送達システムであって、
(a)完全に脈管内に移植されるデバイスであり、血管内に移植するように寸法付けされた可撓性の細長いデバイスボディを含み、この可撓性の細長いデバイスボディは、貯蔵器と、この貯蔵器から血液中へ薬剤を通すように動作可能である解放手段とを含む完全に脈管内に移植されるデバイスと、
(b)前記デバイスボディに接続されて血管壁に接触するように拡張可能なアンカーと、
(c)前記貯蔵器に流体接続された脈管内充填ポートと、
(d)前記脈管内充填ポートに着脱自在な体外貯蔵器とを備えるシステム。 - 請求項1のシステムにおいて、前記貯蔵器が前記デバイスボディ内に収納されているシステム。
- 請求項2のシステムにおいて、前記貯蔵器が前記デバイスボディ内に配置された膨張自在な嚢を含むシステム。
- 請求項1のシステムにおいて、前記貯蔵器が前記デバイスボディの外側に存するシステム。
- 請求項4のシステムにおいて、前記貯蔵器が前記デバイスボディから長手方向へ延出する細長い膨張自在な嚢を含むシステム。
- 請求項1のシステムにおいて、前記解放手段がポンプであって、このポンプは、モータと、このモータに電気的に接続された動力源とを含むシステム。
- 請求項5のシステムにおいて、前記動力源がバッテリを含むシステム。
- 請求項1のシステムにおいて、前記貯蔵器が前記デバイスボディから長手方向へ延伸するシステム。
- 請求項1のシステムにおいて、前記デバイスボディが少なくとも一つの可撓性領域を含むと共に、この領域は、前記デバイスを血管内に挿通させて移動させる間に、前記デバイスボディの屈曲を可能とさせるのに充分に可撓であるシステム。
- 請求項9のシステムにおいて、前記デバイスボディは、複数のハウジング区画と、その隣接するハウジング区画を相互接続する複数の可撓性領域とを含むシステム。
- 請求項1のシステムにおいて、前記解放手段が前記デバイスボディ内に収容されて前記貯蔵器へ流体接続されたポンプであって、このポンプは薬剤を前記貯蔵器から血流中へ指向させるように動作可能であるシステム。
- 請求項11のシステムにおいて、前記ポンプが前記ハウジング区画の一つの内部に封止されると共に、前記システムは、それぞれハウジング区画内に封止されたモータ及びバッテリを更に含むシステム。
- 請求項11のシステムにおいて、前記貯蔵器が複数の前記ハウジング区画内に配置されているシステム。
- 請求項13のシステムにおいて、前記貯蔵器が複数の嚢を含み、その各々は、前記複数のハウジング区画のうちの対応する一つの中に配置されているシステム。
- 請求項1のシステムにおいて、前記デバイスボディはチタニウムから形成されているシステム。
- 請求項1のシステムにおいて、前記デバイスボディの長さは約10cm若しくはそれ以上であるシステム。
- 請求項1のシステムにおいて、前記デバイスボディの断面積は約79cm2若しくはそれ以下であるシステム。
- 請求項17のシステムにおいて、前記デバイスボディの断面積は約40cm2若しくはそれ以下であるシステム。
- 請求項17のシステムにおいて、前記ポンプは、ギアポンプ、蠕動ポンプ、電磁ポンプ、真空ポンプ、ベンチュリーポンプ、複動膜ポンプ、計量ポンプ、シリンジポンプ、及び気化変位ポンプからなるポンプのグループから選択されるシステム。
- 請求項11のシステムにおいて、前記貯蔵器は薬剤を包含するミクロスフィアを包含するシステム。
- 請求項20のシステムにおいて、前記解放手段はミクロスフェアを血流中に解放するように動作可能であるシステム。
- 請求項21のシステムにおいて、前記ミクロスフェアは血流を閉塞して血液中に薬剤を溶出させるシステム
- 請求項11のシステムにおいて、前記デバイスボディ内の遠隔回路系と、身体の外側から前記遠隔回路系と交信するように動作可能な遠隔交信デバイスとを更に含むシステム。
- 請求項1のシステムにおいて、前記デバイスボディから延伸する少なくとも一つの細長い管を更に含むと共に、前記解放手段は前記導管を通じて薬剤を血流中へ指向させるように作動可能であるシステム。
- 請求項24のシステムにおいて、前記細長い導管を血管内へ繋止するように拡張自在なアンカーを更に含むシステム。
- 請求項24のシステムにおいて、前記デバイスボディは第1の血管内に配置可能であり、且つ前記導管は第1の導管とは別の第2の導管内に配置可能であるシステム。
- 請求項1のシステムにおいて、前記システムは前記貯蔵器から延出する充填導管を含み、前記充填ポートはこの充填導管に接続されると共に、前記デバイスボディは第1の血管内に配置可能であり、前記充填ポートは第1の血管とは異なる第2の血管内に配置可能であるシステム。
- 請求項27のシステムにおいて、前記体外貯蔵器はシリンジを備えるシステム。
- 請求項27のシステムにおいて、前記シリンジは前記充填ポートに係合可能な針を含むシステム。
- 請求項1のシステムにおいて、
前記貯蔵器が、混合チャンバと、第1の物質を包含する第1のチャンバと、第2の物質を包含する第2のチャンバとを含み、
前記解放手段は薬剤を混合チャンバから血液流中へ圧送するように配置された分注ポンプであり、
前記システムは第1の物質を第1のチャンバから前記混合チャンバへ圧送する第1のポンプを更に含み、
前記システムは第2の物質を第2のチャンバから前記混合チャンバへ圧送する第2のポンプを更に含むシステム。 - 請求項30のシステムにおいて、第1の物質が液体であり、且つ第2の物質が粉末であるシステム。
- 請求項30のシステムにおいて、第2のポンプが計量ポンプであるシステム。
- 請求項30のシステムにおいて、第1のチャンバが膨張自在な嚢であるシステム。
- 請求項33のシステムにおいて、前記膨張自在な嚢が前記デバイスボディの外部に配置され、且つ第2のチャンバがデバイスボディ内に配置されているシステム。
- 請求項11のシステムにおいて、前記デバイスボディ内の制御器を更に備え、前記ポンプは前記制御器により制御されて薬剤を血液流中に圧送するシステム。
- 請求項35のシステムにおいて、前記制御器は予め定められた投与予定に従って薬剤を送達させるようにプログラムされているシステム。
- 請求項35のシステムにおいて、患者の身体内の状態を検出するためにデバイスボディ上のセンサを更に備え、前記制御器は前記センサにより検出された状態に応じて薬剤を血液流中に圧送するデバイス。
- 請求項37のシステムにおいて、前記制御器は前記センサにより検出された状態の程度に応じて血液流中に圧送すべき薬剤の用量を決定するデバイス。
- 請求項35の システムにおいて、前記制御器が遠隔回路系を含むと共に、前記システムが身体の外側から前記遠隔回路系と交信するように作動する遠隔交信デバイ スを含み、前記制御器は前記遠隔回路系により検出された信号に応じて、特定の投与予定に従って薬剤を血液流中に圧送するシステム。
- 請求項35のシステムにおいて、前記システムは、
前記デバイスボディに係合可能であり、血管内で使用されて血管内へマンドレルを押す送達マンドレルと、
この送達マンドレルへ電気的に接続された体外のプログラミングデバイスとを備え、そのプログラミングデバイスは前記送達マンドレルを介して制御器へ投与計画を送信するように動作可能であるシステム。 - 請求項37のシステムにおいて、前記センサは物理的又は化学的パラメータを検出するように構成されているシステム。
- 請求項41のシステムにおいて、前記センサは動脈圧、心拍出量、心拍、Q−T間隔、AVO2差、血液PH,血液ガスレベル、血糖、及び生化学マーカーからなるパラメータのグループのうちからパラメータを検出するように構成されているシステム。
- 請求項20のシステムにおいて、前記ミクロスフェアは化学療法薬を含むシステム。
- 請求項1のシステムにおいて、前記貯蔵器は放射性粒子を包含するシステム。
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Also Published As
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US20090048583A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
WO2005077450A9 (en) | 2005-09-29 |
JP2007521921A (ja) | 2007-08-09 |
EP1718359B1 (en) | 2011-11-23 |
CA2553681A1 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
EP1718359A2 (en) | 2006-11-08 |
WO2005077450A2 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
US20050234431A1 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
WO2005077450A3 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
AU2005212341B2 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
ATE534426T1 (de) | 2011-12-15 |
AU2005212341A1 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
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