CN1688742A - 采用醇形成金属氧化物的系统和方法 - Google Patents
采用醇形成金属氧化物的系统和方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1688742A CN1688742A CNA038245760A CN03824576A CN1688742A CN 1688742 A CN1688742 A CN 1688742A CN A038245760 A CNA038245760 A CN A038245760A CN 03824576 A CN03824576 A CN 03824576A CN 1688742 A CN1688742 A CN 1688742A
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
- C23C16/403—Oxides of aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种采用气相淀积工艺和一种或多种醇与一种或多种含金属前体化合物在底材上、特别是在半导体底材或底材组件上形成金属氧化物层的方法及装置。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及在气相淀积工艺期间,采用一种或多种醇和一种或多种含金属的前体化合物在底材上生成金属氧化物层的方法。所述前体化合物及方法特别适用于在半导体底材或底材组件上生成金属氧化物层。
发明背景
近年来微电子元件(如电容器和门电路(gate))的持续微型化已导致传统用于集成电路技术的各种材料正接近其性能极限。底材通常选取硅(即掺杂多晶硅),二氧化硅(SiO2)常用作介电材料与硅一起构成微电子元件。然而,当二氧化硅层满足最新的微型元件的要求其厚度薄至1nm(即仅有4个或5个分子厚)时,由于隧道电流通过其中而使该层不能再作为绝缘体进行有效工作。
因此需要新的高介电常数的材料来扩大元件的性能。这种材料需要表现出高的介电常数、势垒高度足以防止隧道效应、与硅直接接触时稳定以及良好的界面质量和薄膜形态。此外,这种材料必须与门电路材料、电极、半导体加工温度和操作条件相匹配。
最近淀积于半导体晶片上的高质量的金属氧化物薄膜(如ZrO2、HfO2、Al2O3和YSZ)在各种存储元件(例如动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)元件、静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)元件和铁电随机存取存储器(FERAM)元件)中的使用引起了人们的兴趣。这些材料的介电常数高,因此是作为存储器中层厚要求相当薄的SiO2的一个极具吸引力的替代品。在硅的存在下,这些金属氧化物层是热力学稳定的,在加温退火时最大限度地减少硅的氧化,并表现出与金属门电路电极相容。具体而言,由于La2O3、HfO2和ZrO2拥有较高的介电常数和带隙,因此它们也是颇具前景的门电路电介质。
该发现引发人们对生成层、尤其是基于金属氧化物的介电层的各种淀积方法进行研究。这些淀积方法包括气相淀积、金属热氧化和高真空喷镀。包括化学气相淀积(CVD)和原子层淀积(ALD)的各种气相淀积工艺由于其能够出色地控制电介质在底材上的均匀性和厚度而相当引人注目。但气相淀积工艺通常包括反应性金属前体化合物与氧源(如氧或水)之间的共反应,氧源中的任何一种都能导致不需要的二氧化硅界面层的形成。因此人们正在尝试开发无水和无氧的气相淀积工艺。
Ritala等在“Atomic Layer Deposition of Oxide Thin Films withMetal Alkoxides as Oxygen Sources”(采用金属醇盐作为氧源原子层淀积氧化物薄膜),SCIENCE,288:319-321(2000)中描述了一种ALD氧化物薄膜的化学方法。在该方法中,用作金属源和氧源的金属醇盐与另一种金属化合物(如金属氯化物或烷基金属)反应以将金属氧化物淀积于硅上而不出现氧化硅界面层。但该方法也生成了各种不合需要的氯残余物。此外,烷基锆和烷基铪通常是不稳定的,并且无法在市场上购得。同时它们很可能在所得的膜中留下碳。
尽管在半导体介电层中有这些持续的改进,但仍需要一种利用具有足够挥发性的金属前体化合物的气相淀积工艺,采用该气相淀积工艺,这些前体化合物能够在特别是半导体底材上形成薄的、高质量的氧化物层。
发明概述
本发明提供了各种在底材上气相淀积金属氧化物层的方法。这些气相淀积工艺包括通过将一种或多种醇与一种或多种金属有机胺前体化合物(如烷基胺或烷基亚胺-烷基胺)和/或金属烷基前体化合物结合来形成所述金属氧化物层。重要的是,本发明的方法不需要使用水或强氧化剂,因而减少了(并且通常避免了)在所需的金属氧化物层与底材之间产生不合需要的界面氧化物层,以及氧化在顶层之下的其他层的问题。通常并优选所述层为介电层。
本发明的方法包括在底材(例如为用于制造半导体结构的半导体底材或底材组件)上形成金属氧化物层。这些方法包括:提供底材(优选为半导体底材或底材组件);提供至少一种式R(OH)r的醇,其中R为有机基团,r为1-3;提供至少一种式M1(NR1)w(NR2R3)z(式I)、式M2R4 q(式II)或式II的路易斯碱加合物的含金属前体化合物;和采用气相淀积工艺使所述前体化合物在所述底材的一个或多个表面上接触,形成金属氧化物层。在式I和II中:M1和M2各自独立为金属(用于此处的金属包括准金属或半金属);R1、R2、R3和R4各自独立为氢或有机基团;w为0-4;z为1-8;q为1-5;和w、z和q取决于所述金属的氧化态。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,所提供的一种方法包括:在淀积室内提供底材(优选为半导体底材或底材组件);提供至少一种式R(OH)r的醇,其中R为有机基团,r为1-3;提供至少一种式M1(NR1)w(NR2R3)z(式I)、式M2R4 q(式II)或式II的路易斯碱加合物的含金属前体化合物;气化所述前体化合物形成气化的前体化合物;并将所述气化的前体化合物引向所述底材,在所述底材一个或多个表面上形成金属氧化物介电层。在式I和II中:M1和M2各自独立为金属;R1、R2、R3和R4各自独立为氢或有机基团;w为0-4;z为1-8;q为1-5;和w、z和q取决于所述金属的氧化态。
在本发明的另一个优选实施方案中,提供了一种制造存储器元件结构的方法。所述方法包括:提供在其上具有第一电极的底材;提供至少一种式R(OH)r的醇,其中R为有机基团,r为1-3;提供至少一种式M1(NR1)w(NR2R3)z(式I)、式M2R4 q(式II)或式II的路易斯碱加合物的含金属前体化合物;气化所述前体化合物形成气化的前体化合物;将所述气化的前体化合物引向所述底材,在所述底材的第一电极上形成金属氧化物介电层;和在所述介电层上形成第二电极。在式I和II中:M1和M2各自独立为金属;R1、R2、R3和R4各自独立为氢或有机基团;w为0-4;z为1-8;q为1-5;和w、z和q取决于所述金属的氧化态。
本发明还提供了一种气相淀积装置,所述装置包括:在其中放置了底材的气相淀积室;一个或多个包含一种或多种式R(OH)r的醇(其中R为有机基团,r为1-3)的容器;一个或多个包含一种或多种式M1(NR1)w(NR2R3)z(式I)、式M2R4 q(式II)的前体化合物或式II的路易斯碱加合物的容器。在式I和II中:M1和M2各自独立为金属;R1、R2、R3和R4各自独立为氢或有机基团;w为0-4;z为1-8;q为1-5;和w、z和q取决于所述金属的氧化态。
本发明的方法可利用化学气相淀积(CVD)工艺(可以是脉冲式)或原子层淀积(ALD)工艺(一种包括多个淀积周期,通常在各周期之间进行清除的自限性气相淀积工艺)。优选本发明的方法使用ALD。对于某些ALD工艺,可在每一个淀积周期期间交替地将所述前体化合物引入至淀积室内。
本文中所用的“半导体底材”或“底材组件”指的是半导体底材,例如基础半导体层,或在其上形成了一个或多个层、结构或区域的半导体底材。基础半导体层通常是晶片上最低的硅材料层,或淀积于另一种材料上的硅层,如蓝宝石上的硅。当提及底材组件时,可预先使用各种工艺步骤来生成或介定各种区域、连接、各种结构或构造以及开孔,例如电容器板或电容器隔板。
本文中所用的“层”指的是可采用气相淀积工艺由本发明的前体化合物在底材上形成的任何金属氧化物层。术语“层”包括各种半导体工业特定的层,如“阻挡层”、“介电层”和“导电层”(术语“层”与半导体工业中常用的术语“膜”同义)。术语“层”的意义还包括在半导体技术以外的技术中所见到的各种层,如玻璃上的涂层。
本文中所用的“前体化合物”指在气相淀积工艺中能够单独或与其他前体化合物一起在底材上形成金属氧化物层的醇或含金属化合物。
本文中所用的“淀积工艺”和“气相淀积工艺”指的是一种在底材(如掺杂多晶硅晶片)的一个或多个表面上由气化的前体化合物形成金属氧化物层的工艺。具体而言,将一种或多种金属前体(即含金属前体)化合物气化并引向放置在淀积室内的预热底材(如半导体底材或底材组件)的一个或多个表面。这些前体化合物在底材的表面上(例如通过反应或分解)形成了不挥发的、薄的、均匀的金属氧化物层。就本发明而言,术语“气相淀积工艺”包括化学气相淀积工艺(包括脉冲式化学气相淀积工艺)和原子层淀积工艺两种。
本文中所用的“化学气相淀积”(CVD)指的是一种在淀积室内由气化的金属前体化合物(和所用的任何任选的反应气体)淀积于底材上形成所需层,而无须分离各反应组分的气相淀积工艺。与涉及基本上同时使用前体化合物和任何反应气体的“简单”CVD工艺相反,“脉冲式”CVD交替地将这些物质脉冲输送至淀积室内,但不似原子层淀积或ALD那样(以下将更详细讨论)通常要求严格避免前体与反应气流之间的混合。
本文中所用的“原子层淀积”(ALD)指的是一种在淀积室进行多个连续的淀积周期的气相淀积工艺。通常在每个周期期间金属前体被化学吸附至底材表面上;清除过量的前体;引入后续的前体和/或反应气体以便与化学吸附层进行反应;除去过量的反应气体(如果使用的话)和各种副产物。与所述一个周期的化学气相淀积(CVD)工艺相比,持续时间更长的多周期ALD工艺通过自限制层的形成并通过分离各种反应组分从而最大限度地减少有害的气相反应,使得对层厚的控制得以改进。当采用前体化合物、反应气体和清除(即惰性载体)气体进行交替的脉冲时,本文中所用的术语“原子层淀积”包括相关的术语原子层取向生长(ALE)、分子束取向生长(MBE)、气源MBE、有机金属MBE和化学束取向生长。
本文中所用的“化学吸附”指的是气化的反应性前体化合物在底材的表面上的化学吸附。由于较强的结合力(特征为吸附能高,例如大于30kcal/mol)使被吸附的物质不可逆地结合到底材的表面上,其强度可与普通化学键相媲美。被化学吸附的物质通常在底材的表面上形成了单分子层(参见“The Condensed Chemical Dictionary”,第10版,G.G.Hawley修订,Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.,New York出版,225(1981))。ALD技术的原理基于通过化学吸附形成反应性前体分子的饱和单分子层。在ALD中,将一种或多种适当的前体化合物或反应气体交替地引入(例如脉冲输送)至淀积室并化学吸附到底材的表面上。通常通过惰性载气吹扫将每次按顺序引入的反应性化合物(如一种或多种前体化合物和一种或多种反应气体)分开。每次前体化合物的共反应为之前淀积的层增加一层新的原子层以形成累积的固体层。重复所述周期(通常为数百次)以逐渐形成所需的层厚。应理解的是,ALD可以交替采用一种前体化合物(被化学吸附)和一种反应气体(与被化学吸附的物质反应)。
附图简述
图1-3为电容器结构的示意图。
图4为适用于本发明方法中的气相淀积涂覆系统的透视图。
本发明优选实施方案的详述
本发明提供了使用一种或多种式R(OH)r(其中r为1-3,优选为1)的醇和一种或多种式M1(NR1)w(NR2R3)z(式I)、式M2R4 q(式II)或式II的路易斯碱加合物的含金属前体化合物在底材(优选为半导体底材或底材组件)上形成金属氧化物层的方法。在式I和II中:M1和M2各自独立为任何金属(主族、过渡金属、镧系元素);R1、R2和R3各自独立为氢或有机基团;w为0-4(优选为0-2);z为1-8(优选为2-6);q为1-5(优选为2-3);和w、z和q取决于所述金属的氧化态。
所述金属氧化物层可包括一种或多种不同的金属,通常为式MnOm(式III),其中M可为上述定义的M1和M2中的一种或多种(即所述氧化物可为单一的金属氧化物,也可为混合的金属氧化物)。任选所述金属氧化物层为混合的金属氧化物(即包括两种或多种金属)。更优选所述金属氧化物层仅包括一种金属。
所述金属氧化物层(特别是如果为介电层时尤其如此)优选包括ZrO2、HfO2、Ta2O3、Al2O3、TiO2和镧系元素氧化物中的一种或多种。一种特别优选的金属氧化物层包括优选为锐钛矿相的TiO2。
如果所述金属氧化物层包括两种或多种不同的金属,则金属氧化物层可以是合金、固溶体或纳米层压材料的形式。优选这些材料具有介电性质。
在其上形成金属氧化物层的底材优选为半导体底材或底材组件。任何适宜的半导体材料均可考虑,例如电导掺杂多晶硅(本发明简称为“硅”)。底材组件也可含有包括以下物质的层:铂、铱、铑、钌、氧化钌、一氮化钛、一氮化钽、钽-硅-氮化物、二氧化硅、铝、砷化镓、玻璃等,以及用于半导体结构(例如动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)元件和静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)元件)中的其他现有或正在开发中的各种材料。
半导体底材或底材组件以外的各种底材可用于本发明的方法中。这些底材包括例如纤维、导线等。如果所述底材为半导体底材或底材组件,则所述层可直接在底材的最低半导体表面上形成,或者可在例如带花纹晶片(patterned wafer)中的各种层(即表面)上形成。
本文所述的前体化合物可包括种类繁多的金属。本文中所用的“金属”包括元素周期表的所有金属(包括主族金属、过渡金属元素、镧系元素、锕系元素)以及准金属或半金属。对于本发明的某些方法,优选每种金属M选自以下的金属:IIIB族(Sc、Y)、IVB族(Ti、Zr、Hf)、VB族(V、Nb、Ta)、VIB族(Cr、Mo、W)、VIIB族(Mn、Tc、Re)、IIIA族(Al、Ga、In、Tl)、IVA族(Si、Ge、Sn、Pb)以及镧系元素(La、Ce、Pr等)(也称为元素周期表的3-7、13、14族和镧系元素)。更优选每一种金属M选自以下的金属:IIIB族(Sc、Y)、IVB族(Ti、Zr、Hf)、VB族(V、Nb、Ta)、VIB族(Cr、Mo、W)、VIIB族(Mn、Tc、Re)、IVA族(Si、Ge、Sn、Pb)以及镧系元素(La、Ce、Pr等)(也称为元素周期表的3-7、14族和镧系元素)。还更优选每一种金属M选自以下的金属:IIIB族(Sc、Y)、IVB族(Ti、Zr、Hf)、VB族(V、Nb、Ta)、VIB族(Cr、Mo、W)、VIIB族(Mn、Tc、Re)、IIIA族(Al、Ga、In、Tl)、IVA族(Si、Ge、Sn、Sb)以及镧系元素(La、Ce、Pr等)(也称为元素周期表的3-7族和镧系元素)。
对一些实施方案,优选金属M1和M2选自Y、La、Pr、Nd、Gd、Ti、Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta、Si和Al。对一些其他的实施方案,优选金属M2为Y、La、Pr、Nd、Gd、Ti、Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta和Si,更优选金属M2为Y、La、Pr、Nd、Gd、Ti、Zr、Hf、Nb和Ta。
所述前体化合物(即所述醇和式M1(NR1)w(NR2R3)z(式I)和M2R4 q(式II))中的R各自独立为氢或有机基团,优选为有机基团。本文中所用的术语“有机基团”就本发明而言是烃基,如脂族基团、环状基团或脂族基团与环状基团的组合(如烷芳基和芳烷基)。在本发明的上下文中,适用于本发明前体化合物的有机基团是那些不影响采用气相淀积技术形成金属氧化物层的基团。在本发明的上下文中,术语“脂族基团”指的是饱和或不饱和的直链或支链烃基。使用该术语来包含例如烷基、链烯基和炔基。术语“烷基”指的是饱和的直链或支链的一价烃基,包括例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、戊基、庚基等。术语“链烯基”指的是不饱和的直链或支链的、具有一个或多个烯属不饱和基团(如碳-碳双键)的一价烃基,例如乙烯基。术语“炔基”指的是不饱和的直链或支链的、具有一个或多个碳-碳三键的一价烃基。术语“环状基团”指的是闭环烃基,如脂族环状基团、芳族基团或杂环基团的。术语“脂族环状基团”指具有类似脂族基团性质的环状烃基。术语“芳族基团”指的是单核或多核的芳族烃基。术语“杂环基团”指的是闭环烃基,其环中的一个或多个原子为非碳元素(如氮原子、氧原子、硫原子等)。
作为一种简化整篇本申请书所用的某些专用名词的描述和陈述方式,术语“基团”和“部分”用来区分允许取代或可被取代的化学种类与不允许取代或不能被取代的化学种类。因此,当术语“基团”用于描述化学取代基时,所述的化学物质包括未取代的基团和在链中具有非过氧化的O、N、Si、F或S原子的基团,以及羰基或其他常见的取代基。当术语“部分”用于描述化学化合物或取代基时,只包括未取代的化学物质。例如,短语“烷基基团”不仅包括纯开链饱和烃的烷基取代基(如甲基、乙基、丙基、叔丁基等),而且还包括带有本领域中所知的其他取代基(如羟基、烷氧基、烷基磺酰基、卤素原子、氰基、硝基、氨基、羧基等)的烷基取代基。因此,“烷基基团”包括醚基、卤代烷基、硝基烷基、羧基烷基、羟基烷基、磺基烷基等。另一方面,短语“烷基部分”仅限于包括纯开链饱和烃的烷基取代基,如甲基、乙基、丙基、叔丁基等。
对本发明所有前体化合物(包括含金属化合物和醇)而言,R各自独立并优选为氢或有机基团,更优选为(C1-C10)有机基团,还更优选为(C1-C8)有机基团,还更优选为(C1-C6)有机基团,和还更优选为“低级的”(即C1-C4)的有机基团。还更优选这些有机基团的每一个均为烷基基团。最优选每一个有机基团为有机部分,并优选为烷基部分。
在一些实施方案中,所述醇前体化合物的R基团中的碳原子可被氟原子取代。优选的醇包括乙醇、异丙醇、正丙醇、正丁醇和乙二醇一甲醚。
在一些实施方案中,所述含金属前体化合物的R基团的碳原子任选被硅原子、氟原子、氧原子和/或氮原子或含有这些原子的基团置换或取代。因此,甲硅烷基化的胺和甲硅烷基化的亚胺-胺在式I的范畴内。对式I:M1(NR1)w(NR2R3)z的化合物而言,R1、R2和R3各自优选为(C1-C6)有机基团。适宜的前体化合物的例子包括四(二甲基氨基)钛、四(二甲基氨基)铪、四(乙基甲基氨基)铪和Al(NMe2)2(N(Me)CH2CH2NMe2)。这些化合物可以购自如StremChemical Co.,也可以采用标准技术(如通过使金属氯化物与对应的二烷基氨基锂进行反应)进行制备。
对式II:M2R4 q的化合物及其路易斯碱加合物而言,每一个R4优选为氢或(C1-C4)有机基团。优选式II的化合物不包括其中所有的R4基团均为甲基(特别是当M2为铝时)的化合物。适宜的前体化合物的例子包括AlH3、AlMe3、AlHMe2、ZnEt2和AlH3NMe3。这些化合物可以购自如Sigma Aldrich,也可以采用标准技术(如通过格氏试剂与金属卤化物反应)制备。
各种前体化合物可以各种组合形式使用,任选与一种或多种有机溶剂一起(特别是采用CVD工艺时)用于形成前体组合物。室温下所述前体化合物可为液体或固体(优选在气化温度下为液体)。通常所述前体化合物为挥发性足以应用于已知的气相淀积技术的液体。然而,作为固体,它们的挥发性也应足以采用已知的气相淀积技术使其从固态气化或升华。如果它们是挥发性不足的固体,则优选其在有机溶剂中具有足够的溶解度或其熔点低于其分解温度,使得其可用于闪蒸、鼓泡、微滴形成技术等。此处,可单独使用气化的前体化合物,也可任选与其他前体化合物的气化分子或任选与气化的溶剂分子(如果使用的话)一起使用。本文中所用的“液体”指的是溶液或纯液体(室温下为液体或室温下为固体但在高温下熔化)。本文中所用的“溶液”并不要求固体完全溶解,但可允许一些固体不溶解,只要有足够量的固体通过有机溶剂传递至气相用于化学气相淀积工艺即可。如果在淀积中使用溶剂稀释,则所产生的溶剂蒸气的总摩尔浓度也可视为惰性载气。
对含金属的前体而言,如需要可使用各种溶剂。适用于这种应用(尤其是CVD工艺)的溶剂可以是一种或多种以下溶剂:脂族烃或不饱和烃(环状、支链或直链C3-C20,优选C5-C10);芳族烃(C5-C20,优选C5-C10);卤代烃;甲硅烷基化烃(如烷基硅烷、硅酸烷基酯);醚;聚醚;硫醚;酯;内酯;氨;酰胺;胺(脂族或芳族的伯胺、仲胺或叔胺);多元胺;腈;氰酸酯;异氰酸酯;硫氰酸酯;硅油;醇或含有上述任何物质组合的化合物或上述一种或多种物质的混合物。所述化合物还通常彼此相容,以便各种前体化合物的可改变量的混合物不会互相影响,从而明显改变其物理特性。
就本发明而言,优选不使用反应气体以便最大限度减少底材(通常为硅)氧化为其氧化物(通常为二氧化硅)。这种氧化过程还可导致其他底材(例如金属电极或氮化物阻挡层)发生有害的氧化反应。同时,如本领域所知,一些层可被氧化气体渗透,并导致位于底材顶层之下的层发生有害的氧化反应。
如果需要,可在惰性载气的存在下,将所述前体化合物气化。此外,惰性载气可用于ALD工艺的清除步骤中。所述惰性载气通常选自氮气、氦气、氩气及其组合。在本发明的上下文中,惰性载气为不影响金属氧化物层的形成的气体。不管惰性载气存在与否,优选在没有氧的存在下进行气化以避免对所述层造成氧污染(例如使硅氧化为二氧化硅)。
用于本发明的淀积工艺是一种气相淀积工艺。由于气相淀积工艺即使在深的连接面和其他开孔内也能快速提供高度保形的层,因此人们在半导体工业中通常倾向于使用该工艺。化学气相淀积(CVD)和原子层淀积(ALD)是两种常用来在半导体底材上形成薄的、连续均匀的金属氧化物(优选为电介质)层的气相淀积工艺。无论采用哪一种气相淀积工艺,一种或多种前体化合物都通常在淀积室内被气化,并任选与一种或多种反应气体结合,以在底材上形成金属氧化物层。对本领域技术人员而言显而易见的是,通过采用各种相关技术,例如等离子辅助、光辅助、激光辅助以及其他技术可增强所述气相淀积工艺。
优选最后形成的层(优选为介电层)的厚度范围为约10至约500。更优选所述金属氧化物层的厚度范围为约30至约80。
在大多数气相淀积工艺中,前体化合物通常与氧化或还原反应气体在高温下反应形成金属氧化物层。然而,在实施本发明中,由于所述醇为所形成的薄膜提供氧,因此不需要这种反应气体。但如果需要,则可使用例如O2、O3、H2O、H2O2和N2O等氧化气体。
在半导体加工中,由于化学气相淀积(CVD)能够以较快的加工时间提供高度保形和高品质的介电层,因此该工艺已广泛用于金属氧化物层(如介电层)的制备。将所需的前体化合物气化,然后导入至含有预热底材、任选的反应气体和/或惰性载气的淀积室内。在典型的CVD工艺中,使气化的前体与反应气体在所述底材表面处接触,形成层(如介电层)。连续进行单个淀积周期直至获得所需的层厚。
典型的CVD工艺通常在与加工室(其中放置淀积表面或晶片)分开的气化室中使用前体化合物。例如,通常将液态前体化合物放置于扩散器内并加热至其气化温度,然后由经过扩散器或流经液态前体化合物的惰性载气将已气化的液态前体化合物输送。然后所述蒸气经气体管线流至淀积室,在置于其中的底材表面上淀积成层。人们已开发许多技术以精确控制该过程。例如,通过包含前体化合物的储存器的温度及经储存器扩散或流经其中的惰性载气的流量可精确控制转移至淀积室的前体物质的量。
本文所述的前体化合物的优选实施方案特别适用于化学气相淀积(CVD)。在底材表面的淀积温度优选保持在约100℃至约600℃、更优选在约200℃至约500℃的温度范围内。淀积室的压力优选保持在约0.1托至约10托的淀积压力范围内。惰性载气中前体化合物的分压优选为约0.001托至约10托。
可对CVD工艺和淀积室进行一些修改,例如采用常压化学气相淀积技术、低压化学气相淀积(LPCVD)技术、等离子增强化学气相淀积(PECVD)技术、热壁或冷壁反应器,或任何其他的化学气相淀积技术。此外还可采用与ALD(见下文的详细描述)相类似的脉冲式CVD,但强度不要太激烈以免前体与反应气体流互相混合。另外,对脉冲式CVD而言,与自限性的ALD(见下文的详细描述)不同,其淀积厚度取决于接触时间。
典型的CVD工艺可在化学气相淀积反应器内进行,这些反应器为例如可购自Genus,Inc.(Sunnyvale,CA)的商业名称为7000的淀积室、可购自Applied Materials,Inc.(Santa Clara,CA)的商业名称为5000的淀积室或可购自Novelus,Inc.(San Jose,CA)的商业名称为Prism的淀积室。然而,任何适用于进行CVD的淀积室均可使用。
或者并优选用于本发明方法中的气相淀积工艺为多周期ALD工艺。这种工艺的优点(特别是相对于CVD工艺而言)在于可为淀积层(如介电层)的原子层厚度和均匀性及对金属前体化合物的接触提供最佳控制以降低气化和反应温度,从而最大限度地减少降解的发生。在ALD工艺中,通常在约25℃至约400℃(优选为约150℃至约300℃)的淀积温度下将每一种反应剂按顺序脉冲至适宜的底材上,该淀积温度比目前用于CVD工艺的温度要低。在这种条件下,薄膜的生长通常是自限性的(即在ALD工艺中,当位于表面的反应性中心用完时,一般将停止淀积),不但保证了优异的一致性,而且还保证了大面积良好的均匀性,以及对厚度实现简单而精密的控制。由于前体化合物和/或反应气体实行交替定量给料,与通过前体和/或反应气体的连续共反应进行的CVD工艺相比,ALD工艺从根本上消除了有害的气相反应。(参见Vehkamki等,“Growth of SrTiO3 and BaTiO3 ThinFilms by Atomic Layer Deposition”,Electrochemical and Solid-StateLetters,2(10):504-506(1999))。
典型的ALD工艺包括将初始的底材暴露于第一种化学物质(如式I的前体化合物)中以完成所述物质化学吸附于底材上。理论上所述化学吸附在整个暴露的初始底材上形成了一个原子或分子厚度均匀的单层。换言之,它是一个饱和的单层。实践上,化学吸附不可能发生于底材的所有部分。尽管如此,这种不完整的单层在本发明的上下文中仍为一个单层。在许多应用中,只要基本上饱和的单层就是适宜的。基本上饱和的单层是一种已经能够使沉积层展现出所需的品质和/或性能的层。
将第一种物质从底材上清除,并提供第二种化学物质(如不同的式I前体化合物或式II的前体化合物)以便与第一种物质的第一单层进行反应。然后清除第二种物质,使第二种物质单层暴露于第一种物质中重复各步骤。在一些情况下,所述两个单层可能是相同的物质。任选第二种物质可与第一种物质反应,但不再化学吸附其他的物质。也就是说第二种物质可以粘合一部分被化学吸附的第一种物质,改变这种单层而不在其上形成另一个单层。同样,第三种或更多种物质可以如同第一种和第二种物质所述的那样依次进行化学吸附(或反应)和清除。如果需要,任选第二种物质(或第三种或更多种)可以包括至少一种反应气体。
清除涉及各种技术,包括但不限于使底材和/或单层与载气接触和/或将压力降低至淀积压力以下以减少与底材和/或被化学吸附物质接触的物质浓度。载气的例子包括N2、Ar、He等。清除还可包括在引入另一种物质之前,使底材和/或单层与任何允许化学吸附的副产物解吸和降低接触物质的浓度的物质接触。根据具体淀积工艺产物的技术规格,可将所述接触物质降低至本领域技术人员所公知的适宜浓度或分压。
ALD通常被描述成一种自限性工艺,其中有限数量的部位存在于底材上,第一种物质可与之形成化学键。第二种物质可能仅键合于第一种物质上,因此也是自限性的。一旦底材上有限数量的所有部位都与第一种物质键合,则第一种物质通常不和已与底材键合的第一种物质键合。但在ALD中可以改变各种工艺操作条件以促进这种键合并使ALD呈现非自限性。因此,通过物质堆积形成一个原子或分子以上厚度的层,ALD还可包含每次形成不同于单层的物质。
所述方法指出在第一种前体的化学吸附期间“基本上不存在”第二种前体(即第二种物质)是由于可能存在微量的第二种前体。根据本领域技术人员的专业知识和喜好,可以确定所选择的第二种前体的允许量及工艺操作条件以实现基本上不存在第二种前体。
由此,在ALD工艺期间,在淀积室中进行多次连续的淀积周期,每一个周期淀积极薄的金属氧化物层(通常小于一个单层,因此每个周期的平均增长速率为约0.2至约3.0埃),直至在相关的底材上形成所需厚度的层为止。层的淀积通过以下步骤完成:交替地将前体化合物导入(即通过脉冲)到包含半导体底材的淀积室内,将前体化合物作为单层化学吸附至底材表面上,然后使被化学吸附的前体化合物与其他共反应的前体化合物进行反应。前体化合物及惰性载气的脉冲持续时间足以使底材表面饱和。脉冲持续时间通常为约0.1秒至约5秒,优选为约0.2秒至约1秒。
与主要由热驱动的CVD相比,ALD主要由化学驱动。因此,ALD通常在远比CVD低的温度下进行。在ALD工艺期间,将底材的温度保持在足够低的温度下,以便使被吸附的前体化合物与下面底材表面之间保持完整的键合并防止前体化合物发生分解。同时温度应足够高以避免前体化合物发生冷凝。通常将底材的温度保持在约25℃至约400℃(优选为约150℃至约300℃)的范围内,这通常低于目前用于CVD工艺的温度。由此,第一种物质或前体化合物在该温度下被化学吸附。第二种物质或前体化合物的表面反应可在与第一种前体的化学吸附基本相同的温度下进行,或者在基本上不同的温度下进行(不太优选)。显然,温度可发生一些小的变化,但由于统计学上的反应速率与在第一种前体发生化学吸附的温度下的反应速率相同,本领域的技术人员判断温度仍基本相同。化学吸附与随后的反应可在完全相同的温度下进行。
对典型的ALD工艺而言,淀积室内的压力保持在约10-4托至约1托,优选为约10-4托至约0.1托。通常每个周期在气化的前体化合物导入至淀积室内和/或反应后用惰性载气吹扫淀积室。每个周期期间惰性载气也可以与气化的前体化合物一起导入。
前体化合物的反应性可以显著影响ALD中的各工艺参数。在典型的CVD工艺条件下,高度反应性的化合物可在气相中反应产生微粒,过早地淀积于不合要求的表面上,得到质量差的薄膜,和/或获得差的逐步覆盖或获得不均匀的淀积物。至少由于这种原因,认为高度反应性的化合物不适合于CVD。但不适合于CVD的某些化合物却是优良的ALD前体。例如,如果第一种前体与第二种前体是气相反应性的话,则虽然这种化合物的组合可用于ALD,但它们却不适合于CVD。在CVD中,当采用高度气相反应性的前体时,如本领域技术人员所公知的那样,还与粘附系数和表面迁移率有关联,但在ALD中则很少或者没有这种关联。
在底材上形成层后,可任选在氮气气氛或氧化气氛的淀积室中原位进行退火加工。优选退火温度范围为约400℃至约1000℃。特别是在ALD之后,退火温度更优选为约400℃至约750℃,最优选为约600℃至约700℃。退火操作优选进行约0.5分钟至约60分钟,更优选为约1分钟至约10分钟。本领域的技术人员将会认识到这些温度及时间均是可以改变的。例如可以使用炉内退火和快速加温退火,此外,这种退火可在一个或多个退火步骤中进行。
如上所述,使用络合物和本发明的成膜方法有利于各种半导体结构中的薄膜应用,尤其是那些使用高介电材料的半导体结构应用。例如,这些应用包括各种电容器,如平面型单元、沟槽式单元(如双侧壁沟槽式电容器)、堆积式单元(如冠状(crow)V-单元、三角单元、多指状或圆柱形容器(container)堆积式电容器)以及场效应晶体管装置。
根据本发明形成的介电层的一个具体例子为电容器构件。示例性的电容器构件参见图1-3。参见图1,半导体晶片片段10包括按本发明方法形成的电容器构件25。晶片片段10包括具有在其中形成的导电扩散面14的底材12。底材12可包括例如单晶硅。在底材12上有通常为硼磷硅酸盐(borophosphosilicate)玻璃(BPSG)的绝缘层16,其中有提供给扩散面14的接触开口18。导电材料20填充接触开口18,如图所示材料20和氧化物层18已被平面化。材料20可以是任何适宜的导电材料,例如钨或导电性掺杂多晶硅。电容器构件25有顶层16及填料20,电容器构件通过填料20与节点14电连接。
电容器构件25包括已提供并绘制在节点20之上的第一个电容器电极26。材料的实例包括导电性掺杂多晶硅、Pt、Ir、Rh、Ru、RuO2、IrO2、RhO2。在第一个电容器电极26上有电容器介电层28。本发明的材料可用于形成电容器介电层28。优选如果第一个电容器电极26包括多晶硅,则在淀积介电材料之前通过进行原位HF浸渍清洗多晶硅的表面。采用256Mb集成的层28的厚度例如为100埃。
在介电层28上有扩散阻挡层30。扩散阻挡层30包括各种导电材料,如TiN、TaN、金属硅化物或金属硅化物-氮化物,可例如采用本领域技术人员众所周知的条件通过CVD来提供。在扩散阻挡层30形成后,在扩散阻挡层30上形成第二个电容器电极32以完成电容器25的结构。第二个电容器电极32可包括类似于上述第一个电容器电极26的构件,因此可包括如导电性掺杂多晶硅。扩散阻挡层30优选防止各种组分(如氧)从介电材料28扩散至电极32内。例如如果氧扩散进含硅的电极32内,则可形成不合需要的显著降低电容器25电容的SiO2。扩散阻挡层30还可防止硅从金属电极32扩散至介电层28。
图2示意电容器构件的一个备选实施方案。相应的部位使用与图1相似的编号,通过后缀“a”表示不同。晶片片段10a包括与图2构件25不同的电容器构件25a,不同之处在于其阻挡层30a位于第一电极26和介电层28之间而不是位于介电层28和第二个电容器电极32之间。阻挡层30a可包括与上述图1相同的各种构件。
图3示意电容器构件的另一个备选实施方案。相应的部位使用与图1相似的编号,通过后缀“b”或不同的编号表示不同。晶片片段10b包括分别具有第一个实施方案所述的第一个和第二个电容器板26及32的电容器构件25b。但晶片片段10b与图2的晶片片段10的不同之处在于除了阻挡层30外,晶片片段10b还包括第二阻挡层40。阻挡层40位于第一个电容器电极26和介电层28之间,而阻挡层30则位于第二个电容器电极32与介电层28之间。通过与上述图1用于形成阻挡层30的相同方法可形成阻挡层40。
在图1-3的实施方案中,阻挡层是作为与电容器电极分离的性质截然不同的层进行表述的。然而,应理解的是所述阻挡层可以包括各种导电性材料,因此在这些实施方案中可以理解为包括至少一部分电容器电极。在具体的实施方案中,整体电容器电极可包括各种导电性阻挡层材料。
图4表示可用于进行本发明气相淀积工艺(化学气相淀积或原子层淀积)的系统。该系统包括封闭的气相淀积室110,其中可采用涡轮泵112和前级泵114产生真空。将一个或多个底材116(如半导体底材或底材组件)放置于淀积室110内。为底材116设置恒定的标称温度,该温度可随所用工艺的不同而异。底材116可通过例如将底材116置于电阻加热器118上进行加热。也可以采用加热底材的其他已知方法。
在该工艺中,前体化合物160(如耐火金属前体化合物和醚)储存在容器162内。将前体化合物气化并分别沿管线164和166采用例如惰性载气168进料至淀积室110中。根据需要可沿管线172提供反应气体170。同时根据需要可沿管线176提供通常与所述惰性载气168相同的吹扫气体174。如图所示,按需要开启和关闭一系列阀门180-185。
提供以下的实施例以便进一步说明各种具体及优选的实施方案和技术。但应理解的是,在本发明范畴内可进行许多变化和改进,因此本发明的范畴并非受限于这些实施例。除非另有说明,否则实施例中所示的所有百分数均为重量百分数。
实施例
实施例1.脉冲式化学气相淀积TiO2
安装如图4所示配置的淀积室,其气动阀由电脑控制以便按序脉动开启各阀门。两个储存器与包含Ti(NMe2)4(Strem Chemical,Newburyport,MA)和异丙醇(General Chemical,Parsippany,NJ)的淀积室连接。底材为具有掺杂多晶硅作为顶层的硅晶片,并保持在220℃以进行淀积。
每个周期包括5秒的Ti(NMe2)4脉冲和5秒的异丙醇脉冲,每个周期间间隔5秒的氩气吹扫和5秒的动态真空下降压。导入没有氦载气的前体,仅使用一台设定为50sccm的质流控制器控制异丙醇储存器的下游流量。400个周期后得到1750厚的TiO2薄膜。根据X射线光电子光谱法(XPS)的分析结果,所述薄膜仅含有钛和氧,没有可检测到的氮或碳。薄膜的X射线衍射分析结果表明,淀积后已形成了锐钛矿晶相。
实施例2.原子层淀积HfO2
安装如图4所示配置的淀积室,其气动阀由电脑控制以便按序脉动开启各阀门。两个储存器与包含Hf(NMe2)4(Strem Chemical,Newburyport,MA)和异丙醇(General Chemical,Parsippany,NJ)的淀积室连接。将Hf(NMe2)4前体加热至40℃,而将异丙醇保持在室温下。底材为具有掺杂多晶硅作为顶层的硅晶片,并保持在215℃以进行淀积。
每个周期包括2秒的Hf(NMe2)4脉冲和1秒的异丙醇脉冲,每个周期间间隔5秒的氩气吹扫和5秒的动态真空下降压。导入没有氦载气的前体,仅使用一台设定为25sccm的质流控制器控制异丙醇储存器的下游流量。400个周期后得到250厚的HfO2薄膜。根据X射线光电子光谱法(XPS)的分析结果,所述薄膜仅含有铪和氧,并且在HfO2层内没有可检测到的氮或碳。X射线衍射分析结果表明,淀积后已形成了非晶态薄膜,但在氮气气氛、600℃下进行1分钟快速热处理后,所述薄膜为晶态HfO2。
此处所引述的完整的各专利公开、专利文件和刊物通过全部引用并入本文,如同每一篇单独引用那样。在不偏离本发明范畴和精神实质的前提下,其各种改进及变更对本领域的技术人员而言都将变得显而易见。应理解本发明并非想过度受限于此处所提及的示例性实施方案和实施例,因这种实施例和实施方案仅作为例子出现,本发明的范畴只受限于以下提出的权利要求。
Claims (49)
1.一种制造半导体结构的方法,所述方法包括:
提供半导体底材或底材组件;
提供至少一种式R(OH)r的醇,其中R为有机基团,r为1-3;
提供至少一种式M1(NR1)w(NR2R3)z(式I)、式M2R4 q(式II)或式II的路易斯碱加合物的含金属前体化合物,其中:
M1和M2各自独立为金属;
R1、R2、R3和R4各自独立为氢或有机基团;
w为0-4;
z为1-8;
q为1-5;和
w、z和q取决于所述金属的氧化态;和
采用气相淀积工艺使所述前体化合物在所述半导体底材或底材组件的一个或多个表面上接触,形成金属氧化物层。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中所述半导体底材或底材组件为硅晶片。
3.权利要求1的方法,其中所述金属氧化物层为介电层。
4.权利要求3的方法,其中所述金属氧化物介电层包含两种或多种不同的金属。
5.权利要求4的方法,其中所述两种或多种不同的金属为合金、固溶体或纳米层压材料的形式。
6.权利要求1的方法,其中M1和M2各自独立选自3、4、5、6、7、13、14族和镧系的金属。
7.权利要求6的方法,其中M1和M2各自独立选自Y、La、Pr、Nd、Gd、Ti、Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta、Al和Si的金属。
8.权利要求1的方法,其中所述金属氧化物层的厚度为约30至约80。
9.权利要求1的方法,其中R各自独立为(C1-C10)有机基团。
10.权利要求1的方法,其中R1、R2、R3和R4各自独立为氢或(C1-C6)有机基团。
11.权利要求1的方法,其中w为0-2和z为2-6。
12.权利要求1的方法,其中q为2-3。
13.权利要求1的方法,其中所述金属氧化物层包含一种金属。
14.权利要求1的方法,其中所述金属氧化物层包含锐钛矿TiO2。
15.一种制造半导体结构的方法,所述方法包括:
在淀积室内提供半导体底材或底材组件;
提供至少一种式R(OH)r的醇,其中R为有机基团,r为1-3;
提供至少一种式M1(NR1)w(NR2R3)z(式I)、式M2R4 q(式II)或式II的路易斯碱加合物的含金属前体化合物,其中:
M1和M2各自独立为金属;
R1、R2、R3和R4各自独立为氢或有机基团;
w为0-4;
z为1-8;
q为1-5;和
w、z和q取决于所述金属的氧化态;
气化所述前体化合物形成气化的前体化合物;和
将所述气化的前体化合物引向所述半导体底材或底材组件,在所述半导体底材或底材组件的一个或多个表面上形成金属氧化物介电层。
16.权利要求15的方法,其中所述前体化合物在惰性载气的存在下气化。
17.权利要求15的方法,其中M1和M2各自独立选自3、4、5、6、7、13、14族和镧系的金属。
18.权利要求15的方法,其中采用化学气相淀积工艺完成所述前体化合物的气化与引导。
19.权利要求18的方法,其中所述半导体底材或底材组件的温度为约100℃至约600℃。
20.权利要求18的方法,其中所述半导体底材或底材组件置于压力为约0.1托至约10托的淀积室内。
21.权利要求18的方法,其中采用包括多个淀积周期的原子层淀积工艺完成所述前体化合物的气化与引导。
22.权利要求21的方法,其中在原子层淀积工艺期间,通过在每个淀积周期期间交替导入所述前体化合物来形成所述含金属的层。
23.权利要求21的方法,其中所述半导体底材或底材组件的温度为约25℃至约400℃。
24.权利要求21的方法,其中所述半导体底材或底材组件置于压力为约10-4托至约1托的淀积室内。
25.权利要求15的方法,其中所述金属氧化物层包含一种金属。
26.一种在底材上形成金属氧化物层的方法,所述方法包括:
提供底材;
提供至少一种式R(OH)r的醇,其中R为有机基团,r为1-3;
提供至少一种式M1(NR1)w(NR2R3)z(式I)、式M2R4 q(式II)或式II的路易斯碱加合物的含金属前体化合物,其中:
M1和M2各自独立为金属;
R1、R2、R3和R4各自独立为氢或有机基团;
w为0-4;
z为1-8;
q为1-5;和
w、z和q取决于所述金属的氧化态;和
采用气相淀积工艺使所述前体化合物在所述底材上接触,形成金属氧化物层。
27.权利要求26的方法,其中所述底材为硅晶片。
28.权利要求26的方法,其中M1和M2各自独立选自3、4、5、6、7、13、14族和镧系的金属。
29.权利要求28的方法,其中M1和M2各自独立选自Y、La、Pr、Nd、Gd、Ti、Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta、Al和Si的金属。
30.权利要求26的方法,其中所述金属氧化物层的厚度为约30至约80。
31.权利要求26的方法,其中R各自独立为(C1-C10)有机基团。
32.权利要求26的方法,其中R1、R2、R3和R4各自独立为氢或(C1-C6)有机基团。
33.权利要求26的方法,其中w为0-2和z为2-6。
34.权利要求26的方法,其中q为2-3。
35.权利要求26的方法,其中所述金属氧化物包含一种金属。
36.权利要求26的方法,其中所述金属氧化物层包含锐钛矿TiO2。
37.一种在底材上形成金属氧化物层的方法,所述方法包括:
提供底材;
提供至少一种式R(OH)r的醇,其中R为有机基团,r为1-3;
提供至少一种式M1(NR1)w(NR2R3)z(式I)、式M2R4 q(式II)或式II的路易斯碱加合物的含金属前体化合物,其中:
M1和M2各自独立为金属;
R1、R2、R3和R4各自独立为氢或有机基团;
w为0-4;
z为1-8;
q为1-5;和
w、z和q取决于所述金属的氧化态;
气化所述前体化合物形成气化的前体化合物;和
将所述气化的前体化合物引向所述底材,以在其上形成金属氧化物层。
38.权利要求37的方法,其中采用化学气相淀积工艺完成所述前体化合物的气化与引导。
39.权利要求37的方法,其中采用包括多个淀积周期的原子层淀积工艺完成所述前体化合物的气化与引导。
40.权利要求37的方法,其中所述金属氧化物层包含一种金属。
41.一种制造存储器元件结构的方法,所述方法包括:
提供在其上具有第一电极的底材;
提供至少一种式R(OH)r的醇,其中R为有机基团,r为1-3;
提供至少一种式M1(NR1)w(NR2R3)z(式I)、式M2R4 q(式II)或式II的路易斯碱加合物的含金属前体化合物,其中:
M1和M2各自独立为金属;
R1、R2、R3和R4各自独立为氢或有机基团;
w为0-4;
z为1-8;
q为1-5;和
w、z和q取决于所述金属的氧化态;
气化所述前体化合物形成气化的前体化合物;
将所述气化的前体化合物引向所述底材,在所述底材的第一电极上形成金属氧化物介电层;和
在所述介电层上形成第二电极。
42.权利要求41的方法,其中采用化学气相淀积工艺完成所述前体化合物的气化与引导。
43.权利要求41的方法,其中采用包括多个淀积周期的原子层淀积工艺完成所述前体化合物的气化与引导。
44.权利要求41的方法,其中所述金属氧化物介电层包含两种或多种不同的金属。
45.权利要求44的方法,其中所述两种或多种不同的金属为合金、固溶体或纳米层压材料的形式。
46.权利要求41的方法,其中所述金属氧化物介电层包含ZrO2、HfO2、Ta2O3、Al2O3、TiO2以及镧系元素的氧化物中的一种或多种。
47.一种气相淀积装置,所述装置包括:
在其中放置了底材的气相淀积室;
一个或多个包含一种或多种式R(OH)r的醇的容器,其中R为有机基团,r为1-3;和
一个或多个包含一种或多种式M1(NR1)w(NR2R3)z(式I)、式M2R4 q(式II)或式II的路易斯碱加合物的前体化合物,其中:
M1和M2各自独立为金属;
R1、R2、R3和R4各自独立为氢或有机基团;
w为0-4;
z为1-8;
q为1-5;和
w、z和q取决于所述金属的氧化态。
48.权利要求47的装置,其中所述底材为硅晶片。
49.权利要求47的装置,所述装置还包括一种或多种将所述前体输送至所述气相淀积室的惰性载气源。
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- 2003-08-27 KR KR1020057003576A patent/KR101003214B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2003-08-27 EP EP03791828A patent/EP1534875A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-08-27 CN CNB038245760A patent/CN100422383C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-27 TW TW092123653A patent/TWI320061B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-08-27 WO PCT/US2003/026794 patent/WO2004020690A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-08-27 AU AU2003262902A patent/AU2003262902A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (5)
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CN103298973A (zh) * | 2010-12-09 | 2013-09-11 | 原子能及可替代能源委员会 | 由cvd制备锂基层的方法 |
CN109563621A (zh) * | 2016-06-06 | 2019-04-02 | 韦恩州立大学 | 二氮杂二烯络合物与胺的反应 |
US11015241B2 (en) | 2016-06-06 | 2021-05-25 | Wayne State University | Reaction of diazadiene complexes with amines |
CN109563621B (zh) * | 2016-06-06 | 2021-07-20 | 韦恩州立大学 | 二氮杂二烯络合物与胺的反应 |
CN111356785A (zh) * | 2017-11-19 | 2020-06-30 | 应用材料公司 | 用于金属氧化物在金属表面上的ald的方法 |
Also Published As
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TW200422426A (en) | 2004-11-01 |
US7410918B2 (en) | 2008-08-12 |
KR20050057087A (ko) | 2005-06-16 |
JP2005537639A (ja) | 2005-12-08 |
AU2003262902A1 (en) | 2004-03-19 |
TWI320061B (en) | 2010-02-01 |
US20060172485A1 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
KR101003214B1 (ko) | 2010-12-21 |
US20050136689A9 (en) | 2005-06-23 |
US20040043632A1 (en) | 2004-03-04 |
WO2004020690A1 (en) | 2004-03-11 |
US7041609B2 (en) | 2006-05-09 |
EP1534875A1 (en) | 2005-06-01 |
CN100422383C (zh) | 2008-10-01 |
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