CN1345343A - 基于苯乙烯一丁二烯嵌段共聚物的玻璃状透明冲击改性的聚苯乙烯 - Google Patents
基于苯乙烯一丁二烯嵌段共聚物的玻璃状透明冲击改性的聚苯乙烯 Download PDFInfo
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- C08F297/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer
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Abstract
嵌段共聚物,包括至少两种由乙烯基芳香族单体制备的硬段S1与S2以及位于其中间的至少一种由乙烯基芳香族单体以及由二烯制备的无规软段B/S组成,其中基于整个嵌段共聚物,硬段的重量百分比超过40%。
Description
本发明涉及嵌段共聚物,包括至少两种乙烯基芳香族单体制备的硬段S1与S2以及位于其中间的至少一种由乙烯基芳香族单体以及由二烯制备的无规软段B/S组成,其中基于整个嵌段共聚物,硬段的重量百分比超过40%。
本发明进一步涉及制备嵌段共聚物的工艺,也涉及其应用。
US4939208描述了结构为S1-B1-B/S-S2的线性透明苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物。苯乙烯与丁二烯在路易斯碱,尤其是四氢呋喃(无规化剂)存在下的聚合,得到无规的共聚物嵌段B/S。B/S段的长度取决于路易斯碱的用量。
EP-A0654488描述了多峰态偶合的苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物。嵌段B/S含有苯乙烯梯度(锥形嵌段)。通过加入极性化合物,例如四氢呋喃,作为无规化剂,可提高嵌段中无规的比例。
苯乙烯与丁二烯在少量四氢呋喃作为无规化剂存在下的聚合得到高比例的均聚丁二烯嵌段并且得到向聚苯乙烯嵌段的锥形转变。如果增加四氢呋喃的量,则会得到具有某种程度无规特征的丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物嵌段,但是同时在聚二烯中1,2链结的相对比例(1,2-乙烯基含量)也会明显增加。然而,高的1,2-乙烯基含量削弱了相应嵌段共聚物的热稳定性并提高了玻璃化转变温度。
DE-A19615533描述了一种弹性苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物,其中在聚二烯中1,2链结的相对比例为低于15%,硬相的体积比例从1到40%。软相的聚合在可溶解的钾盐存在下进行。
钾醇盐或氢氧化钾以及有机锂聚合引发剂的使用在US3,767,632,US3,872,177,US3,944,528以及C.W.Wolfford等人在J.Polym.Sci.,A-1部分,第7卷(1969),461-469页中有所描述。
苯乙烯与丁二烯于环己烷中,在可溶解的钾盐存在下的无规共聚在S.D.Smith,A.Ashraf于Polymer Preprints,34(2),672(1993)以及35(2),466(1994)中有所描述。所述可溶解的钾盐是2,3-二甲基-3-戊醇钾以及3-乙基-3-戊醇钾组成。
本发明的目的是提供一种玻璃状透明冲击改性的聚苯乙烯,其具有均衡的韧性/刚性比并且没有上面提到的缺陷。尤其是,冲击改性的聚苯乙烯应具有高的本征的热稳定性以及减少的触变性。其还应与苯乙烯聚合物相容,以便得到透明的混合物。苯乙烯聚合物,尤其是标准聚苯乙烯的冲击改性效率,应该得到提高。
我们发现可通过嵌段共聚物的方法来实现本目标,该嵌段共聚物包括至少两种由乙烯基芳香族单体制备的硬段S1与S2以及位于其中间的至少一种由乙烯基芳香族单体以及二烯制备的无规软段B/S,其中基于整个嵌段共聚物,硬段的重量百分比超过40%。在优选的嵌段共聚物中,软段B/S中1,2-乙烯基的含量少于20%。
乙烯基的含量是指,基于整个1,2-,1,4-顺以及1,4-反链结的总量,二烯单元中1,2-链结的相对比例。软段中1,2-乙烯基的含量优选为10到20%,特别优选为12到16%。
可用作硬段S1与S2,或用作软段B/S的乙烯基芳香族单体包括苯乙烯,α-甲基苯乙烯,对甲基苯乙烯,乙基苯乙烯,叔-丁基苯乙烯,乙烯基甲苯或其混合物,优选为苯乙烯。
用作软段B/S的优选的二烯包括丁二烯,异戊二烯,2,3-二甲基丁二烯,1,3-戊二烯,1,3-己二烯或间戊二烯或其混合物,特别优选为1,3-丁二烯。
嵌段共聚物优选仅由硬段S1与S2以及至少一种无规软段B/S构成,并且不含任何均聚二烯嵌段B。优选的嵌段共聚物含有外部的硬段S1与S2,其具有不同的嵌段长度。S1的摩尔质量优选为5000到30000克/摩尔,特别优选为10,000到20,000克/摩尔。S2的摩尔质量优选为35,000克/摩尔以上。S2的摩尔质量优选为50,000到150,000克/摩尔。
在硬段S1与S2中间,也会有多于一个的无规软段B/S。优选为至少两个无规软段,(B/S)1与(B/S)2,其含有不同比例的乙烯基芳香族单体,因此具有不同的玻璃化转变温度。
嵌段共聚物可具有线性或星型结构。
所用的线性嵌段共聚物优选具有S1-(B/S)1-(B/S)2-S2的结构。在嵌段(B/S)1中乙烯基芳香族单体与二烯S/B的摩尔比优选低于0.25,在嵌段(B/S)2中优选0.5到2。
所用的星型嵌段共聚物优选那些具有至少星的一臂含有嵌段序列S1-(B/S)及星的一臂含有嵌段序列S2-(B/S)的结构,或那些至少星的一臂含有嵌段序列S1-(B/S)-S3以及至少星的一臂含有嵌段序列S2-(B/S)-S3。这里S3为另一个由上述的乙烯基芳香族单体制备的硬嵌段。
特别优选的星型嵌段共聚物具有在星中含有至少一个具有嵌段序列S1-(B/S)1-(B/S)2的臂,以及至少一个具有嵌段序列S2-(B/S)1-(B/S)2的臂,或者在星中含有至少一个具有嵌段序列S1-(B/S)1-(B/S)2-S3的臂,以及至少一个具有嵌段序列S2-(B/S)1-(B/S)2-S3的臂。乙烯基芳香族单体与二烯的摩尔比S/B在外嵌段(B/S)1中,优选在0.5到2,在内嵌段(B/S)2中,优选低于0.5。在外无规嵌段(B/S)1中更高的乙烯基芳香族单体含量会使嵌段共聚物,在整个丁二烯的含量不变情况下更柔软,这证明了与标准聚苯乙烯共混是非常有利的。
带有附加内嵌段S3的星型嵌段共聚物在可比的柔性上具有较高的硬度。因此嵌段S3在软相中起填料的作用,无需改变硬相与软相的比例。嵌段S3的摩尔质量一般显著低于嵌段S1与S2。S3的摩尔质量优选在500到5000克/摩尔。
新型嵌段共聚物可通过例如连续阴离子聚合得到,其中至少嵌段(B/S)的聚合是在无规化剂的存在下发生。无规化剂的存在导致在软段(B/S)中,二烯与乙烯基芳香族单体单元的无规分布。适合的无规化剂为给体溶剂,例如醚,如四氢呋喃,或叔-胺,或可溶的钾盐。就四氢呋喃来说,对于理想无规分布所使用的量,基于溶剂,一般在体积百分数为0.25%以上。低浓度下,“锥形”嵌段在共单体组成中以梯度形式得到。
同时,使用更大量的四氢呋喃时,二烯单元中1,2链结的比例增加到30%至35%。
相反,如果使用钾盐,软段中1,2-乙烯基含量只有不明显的增加。因此,所得嵌段共聚物不易交联并且在相同的丁二烯含量时具有更低的玻璃化转变温度。
基于阴离子聚合引发剂,通常使用不足摩尔量的钾盐。选择的阴离子聚合引发剂与钾盐的摩尔比优选为10∶1到100∶1,特别优选从30∶1到70∶1所用的钾盐应该溶解在反应介质中。适合的钾盐的例子包括钾醇盐,优选含有至少5个碳原子的叔醇的钾醇盐。特别优选使用2,2-二甲基-1-丙醇钾,2-甲基丁醇钾(叔戊醇钾),2,3-二甲基-3-戊醇钾,2-甲基己醇钾,3,7-二甲基-3-辛醇钾(四氢里哪醇钾)或3-乙基-3-戊醇钾。钾醇盐可通过例如将元素钾,钾/钠合金或烷基钾与适合的醇在惰性溶剂中反应得到。
直到阴离子聚合引发剂加入后,再将钾盐加入到反应混合物中是有用的。采用这种方式,可避免由于痕量的质子污染物而引起的钾盐水解。钾盐特别优选刚好在无规软段B/S聚合之前加入。
可使用的阴离子聚合引发剂通常为单-,双-或多官能团碱金属烷基化物,碱金属芳基化物或碱金属芳烷基化物。使用有机锂化物是有利的,例如乙基-,丙基-,异丙基-,正-丁基-,仲-丁基,叔-丁基-,苯基-,二苯基己基-,六甲基二-,丁二烯基-,异戊二烯基-或聚苯乙烯基锂,1,4-二锂丁烷,1,4-二锂-2-丁烯或1,4-二锂苯。所需聚合引发剂的量取决于所需的摩尔质量。基于单体的总量,通常从0.001到5摩尔%。
在制备非对称性、星型嵌段共聚物过程中,至少两次加入聚合引发剂。优选将乙烯基芳香族单体Sa与引发剂I1同时加入到反应器中,并将聚合反应进行完全,再同时加入乙烯基芳香族单体Sb与引发剂I2。这个方法并排得到两种“活性”聚合物链Sa-Sb-I1以及Sb-I2,在其上,嵌段(B/S)1通过乙烯基芳香族单体与二烯共同加入,这里如果适合,嵌段(B/S)2通过乙烯基芳香族单体与二烯再次共同加入,并且同样如果适合,嵌段S3通过进一步加入乙烯基芳香族单体Sc而聚合。引发剂I1与引发剂I2的比例决定了偶联后在每一星型嵌段共聚物中无规分布的星的各自臂的相对比例。这里嵌段S1是通过加入乙烯基芳香族单体Sa与Sb而形成,嵌段S2与S3则分别通过加入Sb与Sc形成。引发剂摩尔比I2/I1优选从4/1到1/1,特别优选从3.5/1到1.5/1
聚合可在溶剂存在下进行。适合的溶剂为那些常用于阴离子聚合的含有4到12个碳原子的脂肪族,脂环族或芳香族碳氢化合物,如戊烷,己烷,庚烷,环己烷,甲基环己烷,异-辛烷,苯,烷基苯,如甲苯,二甲苯,乙苯或萘烷或适合的混合物。优选为环己烷及甲基环己烷。
聚合也可不使用溶剂,在有机金属化合物存在下进行,该有机金属化合物可降低聚合的速率,例如烷基镁化合物,烷基铝化合物或烷基锌化合物。
一旦聚合结束,活性聚合物链可以使用链终止剂加以终止。适合的链终止剂为质子活性的物质或路易斯酸,如水,醇,脂肪族或芳香族羧酸,或无机酸,如碳酸或硼酸。
一旦聚合终止后,代替加入链终止剂,活性聚合物链也可通过多官能团偶合剂链接得到星型结构,如多官能醛,酮,酯,酐或环氧。对称的或非对称的星型嵌段共聚物,其臂可能具有上述的嵌段结构,可通过偶合相同的或不同的嵌段来得到。例如,非对称星型嵌段共聚物可通过分别制备星的各个臂和/或引发多次引发,例如两次,按从2/1到10/1比率划分引发剂来加以制备。
新型嵌段共聚物显出玻璃状。透明冲击改性的聚苯乙烯的行为性能,其具有均衡的韧性/硬度比。由于无规软段B/S,本发明的嵌段共聚物比具有“锥形”B/S嵌段的相应嵌段共聚物,在二烯的含量不变情况下,具有更好的热稳定性和柔韧性。在钾盐存在下制备的具有低1,2-乙烯基含量的嵌段共聚物具有非常高的本征热稳定性。
新型嵌段共聚物也具有与其它苯乙烯聚合物好的相容性,因此可以加工得到透明的聚合物混合物。新型嵌段共聚物或聚合物混合物可用来生产纤维,薄膜和模塑制品。
实施例测试方法
熔体体积率MVR(200℃/5千克)按照ISO1133测定。
用于力学测试的试样是在220℃熔体温度以及45℃模压温度下注射成型的。弹性模量,屈服应力,断裂应力,屈服点伸长率以及断裂伸长率是由采用ISO3167的拉伸试样按照ISO527拉伸测试的方法测定的。
Vicat软化点VST/A及VST/B按DIN ISO306测试规范进行测定。
分子量的测定是在室温下,使用四氢呋喃作为淋洗剂,采用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)法在Polymer labs.公司混合B型与单分散聚苯乙烯标样的聚苯乙烯凝胶柱中进行。
1,2-乙烯基含量用傅立叶红外光谱进行测定。
实施例1到5
结构为S1-(B/S)1-(B/S)2-S3的线性苯乙烯丁二烯嵌段共聚物是通过苯乙烯与丁二烯,以环己烷为溶剂,在60到90℃下连续阴离子聚合反应得到的。为此,598升环己烷与1,235升1.5摩尔浓度的仲-丁基锂溶液(正己烷/环己烷)加入到1500升搅拌的反应器中,并且计量制备嵌段S1所需的苯乙烯的量。所有苯乙烯消耗完后,加入四氢里哪醇钾作为无规化剂,嵌段(B/S)1与(B/S)2通过加入苯乙烯与丁二烯制得的混合物而联接在一起,如表1所示。最后,苯乙烯嵌段S2聚合并用异丙醇终止。嵌段共聚物的摩尔质量Mn为120,000克/摩尔。引发剂/无规化剂(Li/K)的摩尔比率以及在各自嵌段中基于整个聚合物的苯乙烯与丁二烯的含量在表1中给出。对于实施例1到4,总共使用了156千克苯乙烯与44千克丁二烯,对于实施例5,使用了152千克苯乙烯与48千克丁二烯。表1:线性苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物的嵌段结构(重量百分比)
以及无规化剂含量(Li/K的摩尔比)
表2:实施例1到5中线性苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物的力学数据
嵌段 | S1 | (B/S)1 | (B/S)1 | (B/S)2 | (B/S)2 | S2 | Li/K | 1.2-乙烯基 |
实施例 | 苯乙烯 | 丁二烯 | 苯乙烯 | 丁二烯 | 苯乙烯 | 苯乙烯 | [%] | |
1 | 18.0 | 14.7 | 8.3 | 7.3 | 15.7 | 36 | 60/1 | 16.2 |
2 | 18.0 | 14.7 | 8.3 | 7.3 | 15.7 | 36 | 80/1 | 14.5 |
3 | 18.0 | 14.7 | 8.3 | 7.3 | 15.7 | 36 | 40/1 | 17.9 |
4 | 9.0 | 14.7 | 8.3 | 7.3 | 15.7 | 45 | 60/1 | 15.2 |
5 | 9.0 | 14.7 | 8.3 | 9.3 | 13.7 | 45 | 60/1 | 15.8 |
(从压制的板材切割的测试试样)
实施例6到8
弹性模量 | 屈服应力 | 断裂应力 | 断裂伸长率 | 肖氏硬度D | 维卡B软化点 | |
实施例 | [MPa] | [MPa] | [MPa] | [%] | [°] | [℃] |
1 | 500 | 12.9 | 33.3 | 350 | 61 | 43.3 |
2 | 733 | 16.7 | 27.7 | 298 | 64 | 44.6 |
3 | 380 | 12.0 | 26.2 | 365 | 66 | 43.6 |
4 | 753 | 18.2 | 30.7 | 341 | 63 | 42.8 |
5 | 424 | 13.8 | 33.6 | 373 | 60 | 39.9 |
在描述中称为S1的嵌段对应于Sb,S2由Sa-Sb形成,S3对应于Sc。X为偶联剂残基。
本工艺通过在10升的搅拌反应容器中,使用仲-丁基锂滴定到终点的环己烷与仲-丁基锂作为初始进料,并且计量制备嵌段Sa所需苯乙烯的量(苯乙烯I)。随后使用仲-丁基锂(仲-丁基锂II)再一次引发并且计量制备嵌段Sb所需苯乙烯的量(苯乙烯II)。在全部苯乙烯都消耗完后,加入四氢里哪醇钾(Li/K=20∶1)作为无规化剂,嵌段(B/S)通过加入苯乙烯(苯乙烯III)与丁二烯的混合物而联接在一起。对于结构II,另一个苯乙烯嵌段Sc(苯乙烯IV)进行聚合。所得到的嵌段共聚物通过使用Edenol B316进行偶联。使用的起始材料的量列于表3,嵌段的组成以及嵌段共聚物的物理机械性能列于表4。表3:实施例6到8中加入的起始材料的量
表4:星型苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物的物理机械性能
实施例9
嵌段 | 实施例6 | 实施例7 | 实施例8 | |
环己烷 | 3733克 | 3733克 | 3733克 | |
仲-丁基锂I(1.55m) | 5.1毫升 | 5.1毫升 | 4.66毫升 | |
苯乙烯I | Sa | 635.2克 | 635.2克 | 616.3克 |
仲-丁基锂II(1.55m) | Sb | 17.93毫升 | 17.93毫升 | 16.37毫升 |
苯乙烯II | Sb | 90420.8克 | 420.8克 | 371.4克 |
K-THL(0.358m在环己烷中) | 5.42毫升 | 5.42毫升 | 4.97毫升 | |
丁二烯 | B/S | 362.7克 | 272克 | 273.9克 |
苯乙烯III | B/S | 181.3克 | 272克 | 137克 |
苯乙烯IV | Sc | 205.3克 | ||
Edenol | 5.58毫升 | 5.58毫升 | 5.10毫升 |
实施例 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
结构 | I | I | II |
M(Sa) | 80000 | 80000 | 87600 |
M(Sb) | 11852 | 11777 | 11740 |
M(B/S) | 12698 | 15225 | 13000 |
M(Sc) | - | - | 6490 |
嵌段(B/S)中苯乙烯与丁二烯的重量比 | 1∶2 | 1∶1 | 1∶2 |
基于整个聚合物,丁二烯的量,%重量 | 20 | 17 | 17.1 |
基于整个聚合物,软段(B/S)的量,%重量 | 30 | 34 | 25.65 |
1,2-乙烯基含量(%)FT-IR | 15.9 | 19.5 | 7.2 |
Tg(℃,DSC) | -54 | -22 | -66 |
MVI(200℃/5千克) | 9.7 | 11.2 | 5.3 |
维卡软化点(℃) | 83.0 | 79.6 | 83.5 |
肖氏硬度A/D(℃) | 96.9/71.6 | ||
弹性模量(MPa) | 399 | 729 | 1294 |
屈服应力(MPa) | 15.8 | 22.3 | 25.6 |
断裂应力(MPa) | 27.2 | 33.1 | 23.2 |
断裂伸长率(%) | 304 | 300 | 297 |
与实施例1到5类似的方式,结构为S1-(B/S)1-(B/S)2-S2的线性苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物通过苯乙烯与丁二烯的连续阴离子聚合而制得。叔-戊醇钾(PTA)代替四氢里哪醇钾用作无规化剂。锂/钾的摩尔比为38∶1。
由4786毫升环己烷与1毫升1,1-二苯基乙烯制得的混合物用1.4摩尔浓度的仲-丁基锂在50℃滴定到终点,直到出现红色,然后用作初始进料。下面的起始原料分四步加入。每一次加料后,聚合在65℃发生直到完全转化。最后,反应用1.70毫升异丙醇加以终止,将混合物用7.3毫升甲酸进行酸化,然后加入64克Irganox 3052以及102克三壬基苯基亚磷酸酯(TNPP)作为稳定剂。
将所得嵌段共聚物在ZSK 25双螺杆挤出机中进行脱气。
加料1
211毫升(192克)苯乙烯
10.4毫升仲-丁基锂(1.4摩尔浓度,在环己烷/正己烷90/10中)
叔-戊醇钾(PTA)1.07毫升(0.338摩尔浓度,在环己烷中)
加料2
同时加入335毫升丁二烯(219克)与146毫升苯乙烯(133克)
加料3
同时加入276毫升丁二烯(181克)与276毫升苯乙烯(251克)
加料4
加入686毫升(624克)苯乙烯
实施例10
重复实施例9,除了使用0.968毫升PTA作为无规化剂。(Li∶K=42∶1)
实施例11
重复实施例9,除了使用3.62毫升0.1摩尔浓度的四氢里哪醇钾在环己烷中的溶液作为无规化剂。表5:实施例9-11中注射模压试样的分析与力学数据
实施例12到19
实施例9 | 实施例10 | 实施例11 | |
1H-NMR:丁二烯1,2加成的比例 | 15.1 | 13.7 | 12.7 |
DSC:玻璃化转变温度[℃] | -55/+90 | -55/+90 | -55/+90 |
拉伸测试:弹性模量[MPa] | 1175 | 1374 | 1170 |
拉伸测试:屈服应力[MPa] | 18.4 | 21.9 | 18.2 |
拉伸测试:断裂伸长率[%] | 284 | 288 | 290 |
维卡STB[℃] | 36.7 | 40.7 | 36.5 |
在描述中称为S1的嵌段对应于Sb,S2由Sa和Sb形成,S3对应于Sc。
与实施例8到11类似的方式,结构为I,Ib,IIb以及III的星型苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物通过苯乙烯与丁二烯的连续阴离子聚合而制得,其用量及投料顺序如表6所示。然后,将所得嵌段共聚物分别用Edenol B316(四官能团)以及碳酸二乙基酯(三官能团)进行偶合。物理与机械性能列于表7。
实施例20到27
将实施例12到20的每一个嵌段共聚物与标准聚苯乙烯(PS 158K,BASF),按重量比30/70(嵌段共聚物/PS)进行混合。表6: 实施例12到19的添加量和添加顺序
表7:实施例12到19中星型苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物的物理及力学性能
表8:实施例12到19制备的嵌段共聚物与GPPS共混物的物理及力学性能
实施例 | ||||||||||
嵌段 | 单位 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | |
环己烷 | 1 | 643 | 643 | 643 | 643 | 643 | 643 | 643 | 643 | |
苯乙烯I | Sa | kg | 76.2 | 76.2 | 76.2 | 57.2 | 45.8 | 76.2 | 54.2 | 54.2 |
仲丁基锂I1.35m | l | 0.788 | 0.788 | 0.788 | 0.788 | 0.788 | 1.050 | 0.900 | 0.900 | |
K-THL(3%) | l | 1.057 | 1.057 | 1.057 | 1.057 | 1.057 | 1.096 | 0.698 | 0.442 | |
仲丁锂II 1.35m | l | 2.757 | 2.757 | 2.757 | 2.757 | 2.757 | 2.625 | 1.440 | 1.440 | |
苯乙烯II | Sb | kg | 46.3 | 32.4 | 32.4 | 51.4 | 62.9 | 32.4 | 40.4 | 40.4 |
丁二烯I | (B/S)1 | kg | 52.0 | 10.0 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 18.0 | 18.0 |
苯乙烯III | (B/S)1 | kg | 25.4 | 13.9 | 13.9 | 13.9 | 13.9 | 13.9 | 17.1 | 17.1 |
丁二烯II | (B/S)2 | kg | 42.0 | 42.0 | 42.0 | 42.0 | 42.0 | 18.0 | 18.0 | |
苯乙烯IV | (B/S)2 | kg | 25.4 | 20.3 | 20.3 | 20.3 | 20.3 | 17.1 | 17.1 | |
丁二烯III | (B/S)3 | kg | 18.0 | 18.0 | ||||||
苯乙烯V | (B/S)3或Sc | kg | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 10.8 | 10.8 | ||
苯乙烯VI | Sc | kg | 6.4 | 6.4 | ||||||
Edenol B316 | ml | 531 | 531 | 531 | 531 | 551 | ||||
碳酸二乙酯 | ml | 128 | 128 | |||||||
结构 | I | Ib | IIb | IIb | IIb | IIb | III | III |
实施例 | 维卡B[℃] | 肖氏硬度D[℃] | 弹性模量[MPa] | 屈服应力[MPa] | 断裂伸长率[%] |
12 | 36.2 | 57 | 255 | 12.5 | 368 |
13 | 31.6 | 53 | 208 | 9.2 | 360 |
14 | 31.8 | 55 | 343 | 10.7 | 360 |
15 | 35.6 | 57 | 231 | 9.4 | 437 |
16 | 37.8 | 60 | 395 | 12.3 | 445 |
17 | 32.9 | 55 | 180 | 9.8 | 399 |
18 | 32.1 | 53 | 114 | 7.0 | 494 |
19 | 33.2 | 53 | 117 | 7.0 | 496 |
实施例 | 下列实施例的嵌段共聚物 | 维卡B[℃] | 肖氏硬度D[℃] | 弹性模量[MPa] | 屈服应力[MPa] | 断裂伸长率[%] |
20 | 12 | 76.3 | 75 | 1183 | 33.7 | 9.9 |
21 | 13 | 71.4 | 80 | 1236 | 34.2 | 11 |
22 | 14 | 63.7 | 79 | 1421 | 31.9 | 2.6 |
23 | 15 | 80.4 | 77 | 1169 | 28.5 | 49 |
24 | 16 | 86.9 | 77 | 1830 | 37.3 | 17 |
25 | 17 | 79.9 | 77 | 855 | 31.7 | 35 |
26 | 18 | 76.1 | 75 | 1467 | 27.6 | 49 |
27 | 19 | 78.7 | 74 | 1044 | 27.9 | 63 |
Claims (16)
1.一种嵌段共聚物,包括至少两种由乙烯基芳香族单体制备的硬段S1与S2以及位于其中间的至少一种由乙烯基芳香族单体和二烯制备的无规软段B/S,其中基于整个嵌段共聚物,硬段的重量百分比超过40%。
2.如权利要求1所述的嵌段共聚物,其中软段B/S中1,2-乙烯基含量少于20%。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的嵌段共聚物,其中没有由二烯制得的均聚嵌段B。
4.如权利要求1到3中任何一项所述的嵌段共聚物,其中S1的摩尔质量为从5000到30,000克/摩尔,S2的摩尔质量为35,000克/摩尔以上。
5.如权利要求1到4中任何一项所述的嵌段共聚物,其中至少有两种具有不同的乙烯基芳香族单体相对比例的无规软段(B/S)1与(B/S)2位于硬段S1与S2之间。
6.如权利要求1到4中任何一项所述的嵌段共聚物,其具有星型结构,且星的至少一臂含有嵌段序列S1-(B/S)和一臂含有嵌段序列S2-(B/S)。
7.如权利要求1到4中任何一项所述的嵌段共聚物,其具有星型结构,且至少星的一臂含有嵌段序列S1-(B/S)-S3,至少一臂含有嵌段序列S2-(B/S)-S3,这里S3为由乙烯基芳香族单体制备的另一个硬段。
8.如权利要求1到5中任何一项所述的嵌段共聚物,其具有星型结构,且星的至少一臂含有嵌段序列S1-(B/S)1-(B/S)2,至少一臂含有嵌段序列S2-(B/S)1-(B/S)2,乙烯基芳香族单体与二烯的摩尔比S/B在嵌段(B/S)1中为0.5到2,而在(B/S)2中低于0.5。
9.如权利要求1到5中任何一项所述的嵌段共聚物,其具有星型结构,且星的至少一臂含有嵌段序列S1-(B/S)1-(B/S)2-S3,至少一臂含有嵌段序列S2-(B/S)1-(B/S)2-S3,乙烯基芳香族单体与二烯的摩尔比S/B在嵌段(B/S)1中为0.5到2,而在(B/S)2中低于0.5。
10.如权利要求1到5中任何一项所述的嵌段共聚物,其具有线型结构S1-(B/S)1-(B/S)2-S2,其中乙烯基芳香族单体与二烯的摩尔比S/B在嵌段(B/S)1中低于0.25,而在(B/S)2中为0.5到2。
11.聚合物混合物,是由权利要求1到10中任何一项所述的嵌段共聚物以及由其它苯乙烯聚合物制备的。
12.制备权利要求1到10中任何一项所述的嵌段共聚物的工艺,包括通过连续阴离子聚合形成嵌段共聚物,其中至少软段(B/S)的聚合在钾盐存在下发生。
13.权利要求12所述的制备嵌段共聚物的工艺,其中阴离子聚合引发剂与钾盐的摩尔比从10∶1到100∶1。
14.权利要求12或13所述的制备嵌段共聚物的工艺,其中所用的钾盐为含有至少5个碳原子的叔醇的钾醇盐。
15.权利要求12到14中任何一项所述的制备嵌段共聚物的工艺,其中所用的钾盐为2-甲基丁醇钾,2,2-二甲基-1-丙醇钾,2,3-二甲基-3-戊醇钾,3,7-二甲基辛醇钾或3-乙基-3-戊醇钾。
16.权利要求1到11中任何一项所述的嵌段共聚物或聚合物混合物生产纤维,薄膜或模塑制品的用途。
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US09/471,288 | 1999-12-23 | ||
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CN102076763B (zh) * | 2008-06-27 | 2013-08-07 | 苯领有限公司 | 用于收缩性包装薄膜的苯乙烯丁二烯嵌段共聚物混合物 |
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CN110023401A (zh) * | 2016-11-21 | 2019-07-16 | 英力士苯领集团股份公司 | 苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物(sbc)与无规嵌段和smma的共混物 |
CN110023401B (zh) * | 2016-11-21 | 2022-05-27 | 英力士苯领集团股份公司 | 苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物(sbc)与无规嵌段和smma的共混物 |
CN110621739A (zh) * | 2017-03-16 | 2019-12-27 | 英力士苯领集团股份公司 | 高柔软性,不粘和透明的苯乙烯热塑性弹性体组合物 |
CN110621739B (zh) * | 2017-03-16 | 2022-12-27 | 英力士苯领集团股份公司 | 高柔软性,不粘和透明的苯乙烯热塑性弹性体组合物 |
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