CN1203954C - 摩擦搅拌焊接方法 - Google Patents

摩擦搅拌焊接方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1203954C
CN1203954C CNB971034974A CN97103497A CN1203954C CN 1203954 C CN1203954 C CN 1203954C CN B971034974 A CNB971034974 A CN B971034974A CN 97103497 A CN97103497 A CN 97103497A CN 1203954 C CN1203954 C CN 1203954C
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
panel
welding
vertical
hollow member
panelling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CNB971034974A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1163813A (zh
Inventor
青田欣也
竹中刚
石丸靖男
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=13201704&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=CN1203954(C) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Hitachi Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Ltd
Publication of CN1163813A publication Critical patent/CN1163813A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1203954C publication Critical patent/CN1203954C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B61D17/043—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures connections between superstructure sub-units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
    • B23K20/126—Workpiece support, i.e. backing or clamping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
    • B23K33/004—Filling of continuous seams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/08—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of metal, e.g. sheet metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/36—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/54—Slab-like translucent elements
    • E04C2/543—Hollow multi-walled panels with integrated webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/045—Hollow panels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/1234—Honeycomb, or with grain orientation or elongated elements in defined angular relationship in respective components [e.g., parallel, inter- secting, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12375—All metal or with adjacent metals having member which crosses the plane of another member [e.g., T or X cross section, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12382—Defined configuration of both thickness and nonthickness surface or angle therebetween [e.g., rounded corners, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/19—Sheets or webs edge spliced or joined
    • Y10T428/192—Sheets or webs coplanar
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24777—Edge feature

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Standing Axle, Rod, Or Tube Structures Coupled By Welding, Adhesion, Or Deposition (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提出一种接头结构，在对两个外装结构(镶板)进行头尾相接的摩擦搅拌焊接时，使用该接头结构可以减小接头区域的变形量，从而获得满意的焊接接头。各个镶板(31，32)具有两块相互平行的板件(33，34)以及与这两个板件(33，34)相接的第三构件(35)。某一镶板(32)之板件(33，34)的端部由摩擦搅拌焊接方法焊接在另一镶板(31)之板件(33，34)的端部。至少一个镶板的端部设有用来连接板件(33)和(34)的板件(36)，该镶板的刚度足以承受摩擦搅拌焊接过程中所产生的压力。

Description

摩擦搅拌焊接方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种摩擦搅拌焊接方法，该方法适用于铝合金有轨机动车及房屋等场合所用镶板的焊接。
背景技术
日本公开专利说明书246863/1990公开了一种采用中空构件的有轨机动车用双表面结构板(镶板)，而日本公开专利说明书106661/1994则公开了一种采用蜂窝型镶板一类层状镶板的方案。
摩擦搅拌焊接是通过旋转某一插入接头区域中的圆杆而实现的，圆杆的旋转可以加热接头区域并使之塑化，从而达到焊接的目的。这种焊接方法适用于对接接头及搭接接头。该工艺在WO93/10935(同于WO0615480B1，也同于外国PCT专利申请指定日本而公开的专利文献No.505090/1995号)和期刊(Welding&Metal Fabrication，January1995，pp.13-16)中已有介绍。
在摩擦搅拌焊接中，直接从焊接工具(圆杆)之下挤出的塑化金属会在焊接过程中冲击焊接表面，因而有一下驱力作用在接头区域上。这样，在将该焊接方法运用于双表面结构板(镶板)时，该下驱力将使接头区域的焊接材料向下流动并使接头区域变形。如此便不可能获得满意的焊接质量。
双表面结构板(镶板)包含由挤压铝合金制成的中空构件以及蜂窝型镶板。这类镶板的连接可以由MIG焊接法及TIG焊接法实现。而用摩擦搅拌焊接进行这类连接则可能使接头区域向下弯曲，或者使接头区域内的材料因焊接过程中产生的下驱力而被迫向下流动。
本发明人通过大量试验发现了上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目标是：在进行两个表面的摩擦搅拌焊接时，通过减小接头区域的变形量而获得满意的焊接接头。
本发明的第二个目标是在进行单个表面的摩擦搅拌焊接时获得满意的焊缝。
本发明的第三个目标是：使两个表面的摩擦搅拌焊接在较短的时间内以较小的变形量同时完成。
第一个目标的实现方式是：将某一连接件置于接头区域，该连接件可以将构成两个表面的两个板件连接起来。
第二个目标的实现方式是：在构件的接头区域处设置凸出部分，该凸出部分伸向摩擦搅拌焊接工具一侧。
第三个目标的实现方式是：在焊接对象的两侧同时设置摩擦搅拌焊接用的旋转工具，使某一旋转工具的旋转中心轴线位于另一旋转工具之旋转中心轴线的延长线上，两侧的摩擦搅拌焊接同时进行。
本发明的一种摩擦搅拌焊接方法，它包括以下步骤：准备两个各具有一个凸出部分的构件，其中，凸出部分位于构件宽度方向的一端并沿厚度方向从某一侧伸出；使二者的凸出部分彼此靠住；以及从凸出部分一侧对构件进行摩擦搅拌焊接。
本发明的一种摩擦搅拌焊接方法，它包括以下步骤：针对两个构件的接头区域设置两套摩擦搅拌焊接旋转工具，将一旋转工具置于构件的上表面一侧，将另一旋转工具置于构件的下表面一侧；使一旋转工具的旋转中心轴线位于另一旋转工具之旋转中心轴线的延长线上；以及使旋转工具同时旋转并移动。
附图说明
图1是本发明某一实施例的垂直截面。
图2是图1在摩擦搅拌焊之后的垂直截面。
图3是本发明另一实施例的垂直截面。
图4是图3在摩擦搅拌焊之后的垂直截面。
图5是本发明又一实施例的垂直截面。
图6是图5在摩擦搅拌焊之后的垂直截面。
图7是本发明再一实施例的垂直截面。
图8是图7在摩擦搅拌焊之后的垂直截面。
图9是表示如本发明又一实施例所述摩擦搅拌焊过程的垂直截面。
图10是本发明又一实施例的垂直截面。
图11是本发明又一实施例的垂直截面。
图12是本发明又一实施例的垂直截面。
图13是本发明又一实施例的垂直截面。
图14是本发明又一实施例的垂直截面。
图15是有轨机动车的车身透视图。
具体实施方式
在图1所示实施例中，作为镶板的中空构件31，32之间具有对接式的接头结构。中空构件31，32宽度方向的端部设有垂直板36，36。垂直板36，36在焊接之前被直接置于旋转工具50的下方。垂直板36，36彼此面对面接触。即便彼此分离，二者间的距离也很小并大约为1mm。凸部52的中心轴线位于二垂直板36，36之间界面的延伸面上。垂直板36，36的刚度足以承受前面提及的下驱力。垂直板36垂直于另外两块板件33，34。中空构件31，32由铝合金挤压成形。中空构件31的上表面和下表面与中空构件32上对应的上表面及下表面齐平。亦即中空构件31和32具有相等的厚度。下文所述的实施例也是如此。在摩擦搅拌焊接中，旋转(焊接)工具50大径部分51与小径凸部52之间的边缘53位于中空构件31，32上表面的上方。标号35表示用来连接两块板件33，34并以桁架结构形式设置的若干个构件。两个中空构件31，32都具有两边对称的端部。中空构件31，32被装在某一底架(图中未加表示)上并被固死。底架也位于垂直板36，36下方。
摩擦搅拌焊接的实施方式是：使旋转工具50旋转，将凸部52插入中空构件31，32的接头区域并使凸部52沿接头区域移动。凸部52的转动中心轴线位于两个垂直板36，36之间。
图2表示两个经过摩擦搅拌焊接之后的镶板。标号45表示焊接后形成的焊道。焊道45的宽度中心位于垂直板36，36接合线的延长线上。焊道45位于垂直板36，36厚度范围内的某一区域内。焊道45的深度取决于旋转工具50底端凸部52插入接头区域中的高度。
在这种结构中，垂直于板件33，34的垂直板36，36支承着摩擦搅拌焊接过程中产生的垂向力，所以接头区域不会发生弯曲，由此可获得图2所示的令人满意的接头。制做垂直板36时应使之尽可能地垂直于板33，34。
垂直板36上可以打孔，以减轻重量，下文所述实施例也是如此。
焊接中空构件底侧时可将其上下翻转。
在图3所示实施例中，某一中空构件31的端部设有垂直板36，而另一中空构件32的对应端部却没有。在中空构件31的垂直板36上，其垂直方向上的角部被做出切口，由此可嵌接中空构件32上突出体38，38的端部。该切口部分沿中空构件31的厚度方向及厚度的垂直方向(朝向中空构件32一侧)张开。当突出体38被放置(嵌套)于切口部分中时，二者之间留有一定的间隙，尽管在图中看来是彼此相接触的。这些构件的前端之间(即突出体38，38与角边33a，34a之间)也留有间隙。两个中空构件31，32及垂直板36上表面一侧的对接接头部分直接位于旋转工具50中心轴线的下方。旋转工具50凸部52的旋转中心轴线位于垂直板36厚度中心线的延长线上。也就是说，板件33(34)和板件34(33)的接头区域位于垂直板36厚度中心线的延长线上。从板件33，34延伸至切口部分的角边33b，34b位于垂直板36厚度中心线的延长线上。考虑到角边33b，34b与突出体38之间的间隙，角边33b，34b位置应稍稍偏向垂直板36厚度中心线延长线的左侧。垂直板36的刚度应足以承受下驱力。突出体38前端与中空构件31之间的水平间隙同于图1所示情形。焊接工具50凸部52的高度与突出体38的厚度大致相等。塑性流动区域在突出体38下侧扩展，逐渐形成大于凸部52直径的区域，由此完成两个中空构件31，32的摩擦搅拌焊接。对于突出体38下侧与垂直板36间的接触区域来说，其下侧也必须分布着按上述方式形成的摩擦搅拌焊缝。
图4表示焊接后的接头状况。焊道45的成形特点在于：其宽度中心位于垂直板36，36厚度中心线的延长线上。
为了能承受垂向力，必须使旋转工具50的旋转中心轴线位于垂直板36，36厚度中心线的延长线上。为使左右中空构件31，32的接合量相同，角边33b，34b也必须位于垂直板36，36厚度中心线的延长线上。作为优选方案，旋转工具50的凸部52位于垂直板36厚度延长线的范围内，而垂直板36的厚度又取决于垂向力的大小、凸部52的位置以及垂直板36的强度。因此，垂直板36厚度小于凸部52直径的情况是存在的。鉴于旋转工具50及角边33b，34b可能存在的位置误差，应使角边33b，34b定位于垂直板36厚度延长线的范围内，而且凸部52也应至少有一部分位于该范围内。这种设置可使垂直板36至少承担一部分垂向力，从而基本实现对接头变形的结构性预防。如此便可获得满意的焊接效果。就焊道45来说，即使其尺寸略大于凸部52，上述结论仍然是有效的。对于其它实施例来说也同样如此。
与图1所示的情形相比，这种接头结构即使在突出体38与中空构件31之间间隙较大时，也能够使接头区域的表面凹陷减至最低程度。这一特点可以使该接头获得较好的外观质量，并可减少喷漆时的腻子用量。其原因在于，两个构件之间的间隙终止于与突出体38厚度相等的深度位置上。还需要指出：这种接头结构可以减轻重量。此外，由于两个中空构件彼此嵌接，所以二者在高度方向上的定位也易于实现。
中空构件31的端部具有两边对称的形状。中空构件32也是两边对称的。另外，中空构件31的一端可以是图3所示形状，而其另一端则可做成图3所示中空构件32端部的形状。
在图5所示实施例中，中空构件31上切口部分的角边33b，34b下侧实际上并没有直接设置垂直板36。垂直板36的右端位于角边33b，34b的延伸部分上。旋转工具50的旋转中心轴线对准该延伸部分。中空构件31的端部应具有足以承受垂向力的刚度，为此，可以增厚接头处的下侧突出体37并增大从突出体37的前端部至垂直板36的过渡圆角尺寸。象以上图3所示的实施例一样，另一中空构件32的突出体38可嵌入突出体37的切口部分中。第二个中空构件32的突出体38附近设有用来连接上侧板件33和下侧板件34的垂直板36。对于这种设置来说，即使切口部分的角边正下方没有垂直板36，接头区域中也不会出现缺陷。不过需要指出，焊道45下侧设有板件31的垂直板36。图6表示了焊接之后的状况。
在图5所示实施例中，中空构件32的板件36是可以去除的。
图7表示作为图5所示实施例之改型的另一个实施例，其中，两个中空构件31，32的接头区域设有向外伸出的凸出部分37a，38a。这可以使接头区域增厚。两个凸出部分37a，38a的高度是相等的。除垂直板36和凸部37稍薄以外，该结构的其它部分同于图5所示结构。
对这种结构来说，如果两个凸出部分37a，38a之间在焊接前存在间隙，那么在焊接时就需要用凸出部分37a，38a的材料填充该间隙，由此可改进外观质量并降低腻子用量。
在普通焊缝中，下驱力使材料41向下流动，焊道中的凹陷部分便对应着材料41流失所形成的空隙。在图7所示接头结构中，旋转工具使突出部分37a，38a塑化并迫使其弥补材料41的流失空隙。这样便避免了形成凹陷，从而获得满意的焊接头。图8表示焊接后的焊道45形状。焊接之后如果存在多余部分，可如图所示将其切除。
设置凸出部分37a，38a的做法也适用于图1，3，5及下文所述的各实施例。
图9表示另一实施例，该实施例只允许从一侧对上下表面进行焊接。中空构件31，32底侧的端部设有突出体34a，34a，该突出体与下侧板件34，34齐平并显著地伸向对面的中空构件一侧。两个突出体34a，34a的前端彼此大致相接触。上侧板件33，33的前端比下侧板件34a，34a的前端靠后一些。上侧板件33，33的前端通过垂直板36，36与下侧板件34，34相接。垂直板36，36接在下侧板件34的中部。垂直板36，36的顶部设有可容纳某一连接件60的切口部分39，39。当连接件60被装在切口部分39，39上时，其上表面可与上侧板件33，33的上表面齐平。两个垂直板36，36间的距离应尽可能小，但也应足以保证旋转工具50的插入。垂直板36，36与切口部分39间的关系同于对图5和图7所示实施例的描述。
以下介绍焊接过程。在图9(A)所示状态下，用旋转工具50焊接下侧板件的前端。此时，包含板件34a，34a之接头区域在内的中空构件31，32被装在底架上。底架的上表面(即焊道背后)为平面。旋转工具50之凸部52的高度小于板件34a，34a的厚度。这种设计可保证底面在焊接后仍然平整。因此，底面一侧无疑可以作为有轨机动车或房屋结构的外表面(该外表面是指未装装饰板的表面)。通常，摩擦搅拌焊接区的上表面(在边缘部分51)是不易于平整的。
此后，如图9(B)所示，将连接件60装在两个中空构件31，32之间。连接件60具有T形垂直截面。当连接件60的两端被装在切口部分39，39上时，垂直部分61的底端与下侧板件上的焊道之间将形成一定的间隙。垂直部分61可被省去。
接着，如图9(C)所示，用旋转工具50对连接件60与中空构件31之间的接头部分进行摩擦搅拌焊接。旋转工具50无需与图9(A)中所用的工具相同。
然后，如图9(D)所示，用旋转工具50对连接件60与中空构件32之间的接头部分进行摩擦搅拌焊接。
上述方法允许从一侧进行焊接，因而除去了翻转操作。除去翻转操作的优点在于省去了翻转及定位操作所需的工时，并省去了翻转装置，而且装配精度也进而得以改善。
图10表示另一实施例，其中采用了对中空构件51，52的上下两侧同时进行摩擦搅拌焊接的方法。用于下侧的旋转工具50a在上侧所用焊接工具50的垂直下方布置。第二个焊接工具50a的凸部52朝向上方。两个彼此相向的焊接工具50，50a在进行摩擦搅拌焊接时以相同的速度运动。标号70，70表示底架(台面)。工具50和50a的旋转中心轴线位于同一条直线上，中空构件31，32的接头区域也在该直线上。
采用这种布置可以使第二工具50a的旋转中心轴线定位于第一工具50旋转中心轴线的延长线上，二者间的力学平衡有助于在较短的时间内以较小的变形完成接头的焊接。此外，由于无需翻转中空构件31，32，焊接过程将在短时间内完成，而且接头的变形也比较小。
该实施例也适用于其它实施例。
上述各实施例以中空构件为待焊接的镶板。下文的实施例将介绍适用于蜂窝型镶板的摩擦搅拌焊接方法。如图11所示，蜂窝型镶板80a，80b包括以下部分：两块表面板件81，82；具有蜂窝状内腔的芯骨构件83；以及沿表面板件81，82边缘布置的边缘构件84，其中，芯骨构件83和边缘构件84被钎焊在表面板件81，82上，从而形成一个整体结构。表面板件81，82，芯骨构件83及边缘构件84均由铝合金制成。边缘构件84为挤压成形件并具有矩形截面。该矩形截面上每一条边的厚度都大于表面板件81，82的厚度。类似于图1所示情形，对于相互接触的两个边缘构件84，84来说，二者垂直边的厚度是相等的。两个蜂窝型镶板80a，80b具有相等的厚度。
图11所示实施例对应于图1所示实施例。旋转工具50凸部52的高度大于表面板件81，82的厚度。这样便于对表面板件81，82和边缘构件84，84进行焊接。加在镶板80a，80b上的载荷主要通过边缘构件84传递。对已完工的镶板80a，80b可进行装配及摩擦搅拌焊接。
图12所示实施例对应于图3所示实施例。蜂窝型镶板80a的边缘构件84具有大致为矩形的截面，且角边处设有切口。而蜂窝型镶板80b的边缘构件84则象一个开口朝向蜂窝型镶板80a的管道。边缘构件84的开口端被接在蜂窝型镶板80a之边缘构件84的切口部分上。
对应于图5的蜂窝型镶板可按同样方法制造。
图13表示对应于图7的又一个实施例。在装配好两个蜂窝型镶板80a，80b之后，将板件86放在表面板件81，81上并临时性地将其焊在表面板件81，81上。板件86可对塑化并流出的材料加以补偿。图12所示蜂窝型镶板80a之边缘构件的垂直部分被去掉了，垂向力被边缘构件84的水平部分及其周围其它部分承受。
图14表示本发明的另一个实施例。在图13及其之前的各实施例中，镶板具有两个表面(表面板件)，而图14所示实施例中的镶板91，92实际上只有一个表面(表面板件94，94)。摩擦搅拌焊接在镶板91，92毗连端的两个位置上进行，即具有表面板件94的外侧以及没有表面板件的内侧。因此，内侧的接头部分设有较窄的表面板件(表面板件93，93)。较窄的表面板件93，93由垂直板96，96支承。在该例中，垂直板96也大体垂直于表面板件93，94。与图7所示情形类似，表面板件93，94上也设有凸出部分37a，38a。表面板件94，94具有若干个以一定间距分布的加强肋(板件)95，95。这些加强肋95的截面为T形。加强肋95的顶面与接头部分的表面板件93的顶面齐平。可在顶面焊上加固构件(如支柱)，也可将顶面作为物体的安装座。此外，顶面93，93也可以充当控制焊接工具50高度的基准座。工具50的移动载体可以沿着表面板件93，93运动。由于表面板件93和94的存在，可以说镶板91，92也是一个双表面结构。镶板91，92是挤压成形构件。
图14表示了彼此相对的两个镶板91及92在其接头部分处的垂直板96，96，其结构类似于图1，不过对此也可以采取图3，5及7所示的方式，亦即将垂直板彼此装配起来。
图15表示该实施例在有轨机动车车身结构上的应用实例。该车身结构具有侧部车身101，车顶结构102，底板结构103以及处于纵向端部的角形结构104。侧部车身101和车顶结构102使用了长边指向车辆纵向的镶板31，32，80a，80b，91，92。侧部车身101与车顶结构102之间以及侧部车身101与底板结构103之间的接合由MIG焊接法实现。车顶结构102及侧部车身101一般做成弧形截面。当用镶板91，92做侧部车身101时，具有垂直板96和加强肋96的一侧朝向车辆内侧，而且支柱由加固构件构成。
图9所示镶板31和32可以以镜像布置方式配合使用。将各镶板之伸出板件34a的端部置于另一镶板上板件33的切口部分39处。这样将无需使用连接件60，而且可以对上下两侧的接头区域同时进行摩擦搅拌焊接。如图7所示，镶板33，34a上可设置凸出部分。

Claims (3)

1.一种摩擦搅拌焊接方法，它包括以下步骤：
准备两个各具有一个凸出部分的构件，其中，凸出部分位于构件宽度方向的一端并沿厚度方向从某一侧伸出；
使二者的凸出部分彼此靠住；以及
从凸出部分一侧对构件进行摩擦焊接。
2.如权利要求1所述的摩擦搅拌焊接方法，其特征在于：在所述两个构件之间存在间隙。
3.如权利要求2所述的摩擦搅拌焊接方法，其特征在于：在焊接时上述凸出部分的材料填充上述间隙。
CNB971034974A 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 摩擦搅拌焊接方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1203954C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62491/96 1996-03-19
JP62491/1996 1996-03-19
JP6249196 1996-03-19

Related Child Applications (14)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB2004100949164A Division CN1310732C (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 摩擦搅拌焊接方法
CN2006100943928A Division CN1880002B (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 摩擦搅拌焊接方法
CNB011114983A Division CN1165403C (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 摩擦焊接用构件
CNB991084934A Division CN1208165C (zh) 1996-03-19 1999-06-18 结构体及车辆的制造方法
CNB011118059A Division CN1208166C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 结构体制造方法和结构体
CNB011118016A Division CN1203956C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接方法及使用摩擦焊接方法的结构体
CN01111497A Division CN1322650A (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 铁路车辆的结构体
CNB011118075A Division CN1199756C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 用于摩擦焊接的构件
CNB011114967A Division CN1192847C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接方法和结构体
CNB011118067A Division CN1208167C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接用构件
CNB011118024A Division CN1203957C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接方法及使用摩擦焊接方法的结构体
CN011118040A Division CN1216713C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接方法
CNB011114991A Division CN1192848C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接方法、结构体以及制造该结构体的方法
CNB011118032A Division CN1211180C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接用中空构件

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1163813A CN1163813A (zh) 1997-11-05
CN1203954C true CN1203954C (zh) 2005-06-01

Family

ID=13201704

Family Applications (20)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB2004101046719A Expired - Fee Related CN1322242C (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 摩擦焊接用结构体
CNB2004100949164A Expired - Fee Related CN1310732C (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 摩擦搅拌焊接方法
CNB2006100943947A Expired - Fee Related CN100441935C (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 镶板结构体
CN2006100943928A Expired - Fee Related CN1880002B (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 摩擦搅拌焊接方法
CNB2004101046013A Expired - Fee Related CN1322241C (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 摩擦焊接用结构体
CNB011114983A Expired - Fee Related CN1165403C (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 摩擦焊接用构件
CNB971034974A Expired - Fee Related CN1203954C (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 摩擦搅拌焊接方法
CNB2006100998206A Expired - Fee Related CN100475411C (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 摩擦焊接方法及使用摩擦焊接方法的结构体
CNB2006100943932A Expired - Fee Related CN100531997C (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 镶板构造体
CNB991084934A Expired - Fee Related CN1208165C (zh) 1996-03-19 1999-06-18 结构体及车辆的制造方法
CNB011118075A Expired - Fee Related CN1199756C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 用于摩擦焊接的构件
CNB011118024A Expired - Fee Related CN1203957C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接方法及使用摩擦焊接方法的结构体
CNB011118059A Expired - Fee Related CN1208166C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 结构体制造方法和结构体
CN01111497A Pending CN1322650A (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 铁路车辆的结构体
CN011118040A Expired - Fee Related CN1216713C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接方法
CNB011114967A Expired - Fee Related CN1192847C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接方法和结构体
CNB011118032A Expired - Fee Related CN1211180C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接用中空构件
CNB011118067A Expired - Fee Related CN1208167C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接用构件
CNB011118016A Expired - Fee Related CN1203956C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接方法及使用摩擦焊接方法的结构体
CNB011114991A Expired - Fee Related CN1192848C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接方法、结构体以及制造该结构体的方法

Family Applications Before (6)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB2004101046719A Expired - Fee Related CN1322242C (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 摩擦焊接用结构体
CNB2004100949164A Expired - Fee Related CN1310732C (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 摩擦搅拌焊接方法
CNB2006100943947A Expired - Fee Related CN100441935C (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 镶板结构体
CN2006100943928A Expired - Fee Related CN1880002B (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 摩擦搅拌焊接方法
CNB2004101046013A Expired - Fee Related CN1322241C (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 摩擦焊接用结构体
CNB011114983A Expired - Fee Related CN1165403C (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 摩擦焊接用构件

Family Applications After (13)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB2006100998206A Expired - Fee Related CN100475411C (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 摩擦焊接方法及使用摩擦焊接方法的结构体
CNB2006100943932A Expired - Fee Related CN100531997C (zh) 1996-03-19 1997-03-18 镶板构造体
CNB991084934A Expired - Fee Related CN1208165C (zh) 1996-03-19 1999-06-18 结构体及车辆的制造方法
CNB011118075A Expired - Fee Related CN1199756C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 用于摩擦焊接的构件
CNB011118024A Expired - Fee Related CN1203957C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接方法及使用摩擦焊接方法的结构体
CNB011118059A Expired - Fee Related CN1208166C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 结构体制造方法和结构体
CN01111497A Pending CN1322650A (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 铁路车辆的结构体
CN011118040A Expired - Fee Related CN1216713C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接方法
CNB011114967A Expired - Fee Related CN1192847C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接方法和结构体
CNB011118032A Expired - Fee Related CN1211180C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接用中空构件
CNB011118067A Expired - Fee Related CN1208167C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接用构件
CNB011118016A Expired - Fee Related CN1203956C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接方法及使用摩擦焊接方法的结构体
CNB011114991A Expired - Fee Related CN1192848C (zh) 1996-03-19 2001-03-16 摩擦焊接方法、结构体以及制造该结构体的方法

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (24) US6581819B1 (zh)
EP (18) EP1222998B1 (zh)
JP (7) JP2000202651A (zh)
KR (13) KR100445140B1 (zh)
CN (20) CN1322242C (zh)
DE (17) DE69735964T2 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103722288A (zh) * 2007-06-14 2014-04-16 日本轻金属株式会社 接合方法

Families Citing this family (177)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1322242C (zh) * 1996-03-19 2007-06-20 株式会社日立制作所 摩擦焊接用结构体
JP3897391B2 (ja) * 1997-03-25 2007-03-22 昭和電工株式会社 金属製接合部材の摩擦撹拌接合法
GB9713209D0 (en) * 1997-06-20 1997-08-27 British Aerospace Friction welding metal components
JP3589863B2 (ja) * 1997-07-23 2004-11-17 株式会社日立製作所 構造体および摩擦攪拌接合方法
JP3070735B2 (ja) 1997-07-23 2000-07-31 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合方法
SE9704800D0 (sv) * 1997-12-19 1997-12-19 Esab Ab Anordning för svetsning
US6051325A (en) * 1997-12-23 2000-04-18 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Joining of machined sandwich assemblies by friction stir welding
JP3420502B2 (ja) * 1998-06-16 2003-06-23 株式会社日立製作所 構造体
US6745929B1 (en) 1998-06-16 2004-06-08 Hitachi, Ltd. Method of manufacturing structural body and structural body
US6045028A (en) 1998-07-17 2000-04-04 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Integral corrosion protection of friction-welded joints
AU733140B2 (en) * 1998-09-29 2001-05-10 Hitachi Limited A friction stir welding method
JP3459193B2 (ja) * 1999-05-26 2003-10-20 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合部の補修方法および鉄道車両の製作方法
JP3481501B2 (ja) 1999-05-28 2003-12-22 株式会社日立製作所 構造体およびその製作方法
TW464576B (en) * 1999-05-28 2001-11-21 Hitachi Ltd A structure body and a manufacturing method of a structure body
TW460346B (en) * 1999-05-28 2001-10-21 Hitachi Ltd A manufacturing method of a structure body and a manufacturing apparatus of a structure body
JP2000343245A (ja) * 1999-05-31 2000-12-12 Hitachi Ltd 構造体の製作方法
TW449519B (en) 1999-05-31 2001-08-11 Hitachi Ltd A manufacturing method of a structure body
DE19948441A1 (de) * 1999-10-08 2001-04-12 Abb Research Ltd Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verbinden von Bauelementen aus Metall
JP3459210B2 (ja) 1999-11-24 2003-10-20 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合方法
JP3538357B2 (ja) * 2000-01-24 2004-06-14 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合方法
JP3552978B2 (ja) * 2000-01-27 2004-08-11 株式会社日立製作所 中空形材
AU757401B2 (en) * 2000-01-27 2003-02-20 Hitachi Limited Structure body
JP3571601B2 (ja) * 2000-02-21 2004-09-29 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合方法
JP3589930B2 (ja) 2000-02-25 2004-11-17 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合方法
JP3575748B2 (ja) 2000-03-06 2004-10-13 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合方法
AU2001261365A1 (en) 2000-05-08 2001-11-20 Brigham Young University Friction stir weldin of metal matrix composites, ferrous alloys, non-ferrous alloys, and superalloys using superabrasive tool
JP3781099B2 (ja) * 2000-06-02 2006-05-31 トヨタ自動車株式会社 中空製品、流体処理システム、および中空部材の接合方法
US6352193B1 (en) 2000-08-01 2002-03-05 General Electric Company Apparatus for joining electrically conductive materials
JP2002086281A (ja) 2000-09-13 2002-03-26 Hitachi Ltd 摩擦攪拌接合方法
JP3818084B2 (ja) * 2000-12-22 2006-09-06 日立電線株式会社 冷却板とその製造方法及びスパッタリングターゲットとその製造方法
JP3761786B2 (ja) 2001-01-17 2006-03-29 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合方法および装置
JP3751215B2 (ja) 2001-04-16 2006-03-01 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合方法
JP3725043B2 (ja) * 2001-04-25 2005-12-07 株式会社日立製作所 軌条車両
US6732901B2 (en) 2001-06-12 2004-05-11 Brigham Young University Technology Transfer Office Anvil for friction stir welding high temperature materials
US7152909B2 (en) * 2001-06-22 2006-12-26 East Manufacturing Corporation Trailer and trailer body construction and extruded panel for same
JP2003095097A (ja) 2001-09-25 2003-04-03 Hitachi Ltd 軌条車両
JP3725057B2 (ja) * 2001-09-25 2005-12-07 株式会社日立製作所 軌条車両
DE20200646U1 (de) * 2002-01-17 2003-06-05 Horst Witte Entwicklungs- und Vertriebs-KG, 21369 Nahrendorf Sandwichplatte zum Aufbau von Werkstück-Aufspannvorrichtungen
DE20202108U1 (de) 2002-02-13 2003-06-26 Horst Witte Entwicklungs- und Vertriebs-KG, 21369 Nahrendorf Sandwichplatte zum Aufbau von Werkstück-Aufspannvorrichtungen
DE10226526A1 (de) * 2002-06-14 2003-08-07 Daimler Chrysler Ag Fahrwerkrahmen
JP4647179B2 (ja) * 2002-09-11 2011-03-09 株式会社日立製作所 加工方法
JP2006518671A (ja) 2003-01-30 2006-08-17 スミス インターナショナル、インコーポレテッド 高融点材料のアウト−オブ−ポジション摩擦攪拌溶接
WO2004096459A1 (en) * 2003-04-25 2004-11-11 Showa Denko K.K. Tubular metal body, method of producing same, liner for pressure vessel and method of producing same
WO2004101205A2 (en) 2003-05-05 2004-11-25 Smith International, Inc. Applications of friction stir welding using a superabrasive tool
US6893594B2 (en) * 2003-06-20 2005-05-17 Kuei Yung Wang Chen Extruded window and door composite frames
US6933057B2 (en) * 2003-07-17 2005-08-23 The Boeing Company Friction stir welded assembly and method of forming a friction stir welded assembly
WO2005084162A2 (en) 2003-08-04 2005-09-15 Smith International, Inc. Crack repair using friction stir welding on materials including metal matrix composites, ferrous alloys, non-ferrous alloys, and superalloys
US7494040B2 (en) * 2003-09-25 2009-02-24 Sii Megadiamond, Inc. Friction stir welding improvements for metal matrix composites, ferrous alloys, non-ferrous alloys, and superalloys using a superabrasive tool
US7398911B2 (en) * 2003-12-16 2008-07-15 The Boeing Company Structural assemblies and preforms therefor formed by friction welding
US7225967B2 (en) 2003-12-16 2007-06-05 The Boeing Company Structural assemblies and preforms therefor formed by linear friction welding
GB0329898D0 (en) * 2003-12-23 2004-01-28 Airbus Uk Ltd Welding process for large structures
KR100608712B1 (ko) * 2004-01-06 2006-08-03 삼성전자주식회사 이미지 데이터 디스플레이 장치 및 디스플레이 방법
US7698865B2 (en) * 2004-01-08 2010-04-20 Tecton Products, Llc Pultruded building product
US20050166516A1 (en) * 2004-01-13 2005-08-04 Valinge Aluminium Ab Floor covering and locking systems
US20050199372A1 (en) * 2004-03-08 2005-09-15 Frazer James T. Cold plate and method of making the same
WO2005094542A2 (en) 2004-03-24 2005-10-13 Smith International, Inc. Solid state processing of industrial blades, edges and cutting elements
US20050210820A1 (en) * 2004-03-24 2005-09-29 Shinmaywa Industries, Ltd. Frame and method for fabricating the same
JP4485846B2 (ja) * 2004-05-11 2010-06-23 株式会社日立製作所 構体ブロックの製造方法及び製造装置
CA2507703C (en) * 2004-05-17 2013-02-12 Tecton Products Pultruded building product and system
CA2507701A1 (en) * 2004-05-17 2005-11-17 Tecton Products Siding and building product
US20060049234A1 (en) * 2004-05-21 2006-03-09 Flak Richard A Friction stirring and its application to drill bits, oil field and mining tools, and components in other industrial applications
US20100078224A1 (en) 2004-05-21 2010-04-01 Smith International, Inc. Ball hole welding using the friction stir welding (fsw) process
US7188686B2 (en) * 2004-06-07 2007-03-13 Varco I/P, Inc. Top drive systems
JP4695355B2 (ja) * 2004-07-15 2011-06-08 新日本製鐵株式会社 溶接部疲労強度に優れる建設機械のブーム・アーム部材およびその製造方法
US7841504B2 (en) * 2004-09-21 2010-11-30 The Boeing Company Apparatus and system for welding self-fixtured preforms and associated method
EP1796865B1 (en) * 2004-10-05 2012-06-06 Smith International, Inc. Expandable mandrel for use in friction stir welding
FR2879548B1 (fr) * 2004-12-17 2007-02-16 Alstom Transport Sa Ensemble de panneaux pour la construction d'une caisse de vehicule ferroviaire et procede correspondant
KR100780019B1 (ko) * 2005-02-01 2007-11-27 가부시끼가이샤 히다치 세이사꾸쇼 마찰교반접합방법
US7473475B1 (en) * 2005-05-13 2009-01-06 Florida Turbine Technologies, Inc. Blind weld configuration for a rotor disc assembly
JP5010117B2 (ja) * 2005-07-20 2012-08-29 株式会社神戸製鋼所 自動車用アルミ押出中空パネル及びその製造方法
WO2007023197A1 (es) * 2005-08-19 2007-03-01 Airbus España, S.L. Larguerillos de material compuesto con bulbo
US8632850B2 (en) 2005-09-26 2014-01-21 Schultz-Creehan Holdings, Inc. Friction fabrication tools
US9266191B2 (en) 2013-12-18 2016-02-23 Aeroprobe Corporation Fabrication of monolithic stiffening ribs on metallic sheets
US9511446B2 (en) 2014-12-17 2016-12-06 Aeroprobe Corporation In-situ interlocking of metals using additive friction stir processing
US9511445B2 (en) 2014-12-17 2016-12-06 Aeroprobe Corporation Solid state joining using additive friction stir processing
US8550326B2 (en) 2005-10-05 2013-10-08 Megastir Technologies Llc Expandable mandrel for use in friction stir welding
US8056797B2 (en) 2005-10-05 2011-11-15 Megastir Technologies Expandable mandrel for use in friction stir welding
DE102005048001B4 (de) * 2005-10-06 2007-06-14 Euro-Composites S.A., Zone Industrielle Verbindungselement
JP4531671B2 (ja) * 2005-10-12 2010-08-25 株式会社神戸製鋼所 中空パネル及びその製造方法
US7353978B2 (en) * 2005-10-13 2008-04-08 The Boeing Company Method of making tailored blanks using linear friction welding
SE530250C2 (sv) * 2006-03-08 2008-04-08 Sapa Profiler Ab Justerbar överlappsfog och konstruktion tillverkad genom densamma
JP4266024B2 (ja) * 2006-03-28 2009-05-20 株式会社日立製作所 軌条車両、その製作方法、及びそれに用いる中空形材
GB0616324D0 (en) * 2006-08-16 2006-09-27 Airbus Uk Ltd A cover panel for an aircraft wing and a method of forming thereof
US20080047222A1 (en) * 2006-08-23 2008-02-28 Lockheed Martin Corporation Friction stir welding process having enhanced corrosion performance
FR2907040B1 (fr) 2006-10-13 2009-06-26 Alstom Transport Sa Procede d'assemblage d'une structure comportant un exterieur et un interieur constituee d'une pluralite d'elements a double peau,telle qu'une caisse de vehicule ferroviaire,et structure obtenue.
US8174848B2 (en) 2006-11-03 2012-05-08 Dongyang Gangchul., Ltd. Reinforcement frame for a display panel using extruded aluminum alloy and apparatus and method for manufacturing the same
KR100832241B1 (ko) * 2006-11-03 2008-05-28 주식회사동양강철 알루미늄 합금 압출재를 이용한 디스플레이 패널용 보강프레임과 그 제조 방법
JP5094140B2 (ja) * 2006-11-09 2012-12-12 日野自動車株式会社 部材接合構造
JP4972417B2 (ja) * 2006-12-15 2012-07-11 日野自動車株式会社 部材接合方法及び構造
FR2912490B1 (fr) * 2007-02-09 2010-10-29 Alcan Rhenalu Panneau composite metallique et procede de fabrication
DE102007010262A1 (de) * 2007-03-02 2008-09-04 Siemens Ag Leichtbaustruktur
US20080230584A1 (en) * 2007-03-19 2008-09-25 The Boeing Company Method for Manufacturing a Workpiece by Friction Welding to Reduce the Occurrence of Abnormal Grain Growth
US20080308610A1 (en) * 2007-06-15 2008-12-18 United Technologies Corporation Hollow structures formed with friction stir welding
US20080311421A1 (en) * 2007-06-15 2008-12-18 United Technologies Corporation Friction stir welded structures derived from AL-RE-TM alloys
US20080308197A1 (en) * 2007-06-15 2008-12-18 United Technologies Corporation Secondary processing of structures derived from AL-RE-TM alloys
US7624907B2 (en) * 2007-06-15 2009-12-01 Cyril Bath Company Linear friction welding apparatus and method
US20100068550A1 (en) * 2007-06-15 2010-03-18 United Technologies Corporation Hollow structures formed with friction stir welding
KR101133361B1 (ko) * 2007-08-10 2012-04-06 니폰게이긴조쿠가부시키가이샤 접합 방법 및 접합 구조물의 제조 방법
CN102430854B (zh) * 2007-08-10 2014-04-02 日本轻金属株式会社 接合构造物的制造方法
US7856790B2 (en) * 2007-10-10 2010-12-28 Tecton Products, Llc Pultruded building product
JP5307026B2 (ja) * 2007-11-30 2013-10-02 キョーラク株式会社 中空二重壁パネル及びそれを用いて作られた車両用内装パネル
US8079126B2 (en) * 2008-01-25 2011-12-20 Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne, Inc. Friction stir welded bladder fuel tank
US20090223957A1 (en) 2008-03-06 2009-09-10 Hmt,Inc. Welded full contact floating roof and method
US20090235608A1 (en) * 2008-03-19 2009-09-24 Jan Kosny Support structures formed from triangular elements
US7762447B2 (en) * 2008-03-20 2010-07-27 Ut-Battelle, Llc Multiple pass and multiple layer friction stir welding and material enhancement processes
US8100316B2 (en) * 2008-05-29 2012-01-24 Airbus Operations Gmbh Method for joining aircraft fuselage elements by friction stir welding (fsw)
US10252376B2 (en) * 2009-03-03 2019-04-09 U-Haul International, Inc. Welded lap joint with corrosive-protective structure
DE202009003080U1 (de) * 2009-03-04 2009-04-30 Dy-Pack Verpackungen Gustav Dyckerhoff Gmbh Papiersack
KR101072373B1 (ko) 2009-04-13 2011-10-11 한국철도기술연구원 철도차량용 차체
FR2950017B1 (fr) * 2009-09-16 2017-07-07 Alstom Transport Sa Procede de montage d'un vehicule ferroviaire et vehicule ferroviaire obtenu par ledit procede
US20110079446A1 (en) * 2009-10-05 2011-04-07 Baker Hughes Incorporated Earth-boring tools and components thereof and methods of attaching components of an earth-boring tool
US20110127311A1 (en) 2009-11-02 2011-06-02 Jeremy Peterson Out of position friction stir welding of casing and small diameter tubing or pipe
US9238419B2 (en) * 2009-12-31 2016-01-19 L. B. Foster Company Conductor rail
US20110215614A1 (en) * 2010-02-25 2011-09-08 Ayyakannu Mani Lightweight cross-car beam and method of constructing a structural member
NO331928B1 (no) * 2010-03-31 2012-05-07 Aker Engineering & Technology Ekstruderte elementer
CN101804523B (zh) * 2010-04-23 2011-08-31 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 对接型材的焊接方法
US8881964B2 (en) 2010-09-21 2014-11-11 Ut-Battelle, Llc Friction stir welding and processing of oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloys
JP5237355B2 (ja) * 2010-11-26 2013-07-17 三菱重工業株式会社 パネル構造体の製造方法
CN103909344B (zh) * 2011-01-19 2016-05-25 日本轻金属株式会社 摩擦搅拌接合方法
WO2012098810A1 (ja) * 2011-01-19 2012-07-26 日本軽金属株式会社 回転ツールユニット、摩擦攪拌接合方法、ダブルスキンパネルの組立体及びダブルスキンパネルの摩擦攪拌接合方法
US20140103685A1 (en) * 2011-02-23 2014-04-17 Ayyakannu Mani Lightweight Cross-Car Beam and Method of Construction
US8403390B2 (en) * 2011-03-10 2013-03-26 Shiloh Industries, Inc. Vehicle panel assembly and method of attaching the same
KR101307295B1 (ko) * 2011-03-24 2013-09-12 주식회사동양강철 엘엔지 운반선의 엘엔지 저장탱크용 프로파일 부재의 조립체
KR101307294B1 (ko) * 2011-03-24 2013-09-12 주식회사동양강철 엘엔지 운반선의 엘엔지 저장탱크용 프로파일 부재
JP5575035B2 (ja) * 2011-03-29 2014-08-20 株式会社神戸製鋼所 自動車のバッテリーフレーム構造
JP5320439B2 (ja) * 2011-06-14 2013-10-23 株式会社日立製作所 高耐食プラント機器
US8590767B2 (en) * 2011-06-21 2013-11-26 Research Institute Of Industrial Science & Technology Method for welding hollow structure
WO2012175127A1 (en) 2011-06-22 2012-12-27 Sapa Ab Friction stir welding tool with shoulders having different areas methods using such tool; product welded with such tool
US9468990B2 (en) 2011-06-22 2016-10-18 Sapa Ab Friction stir welding tool with shoulders having different areas; methods using such tool; product welded with such tool
DE102011051728A1 (de) * 2011-07-11 2013-01-17 Thyssenkrupp Lasertechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von maßgeschneiderten Blechbändern
JP5567530B2 (ja) * 2011-08-19 2014-08-06 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 摩擦攪拌接合構造およびパワー半導体装置
US8561877B2 (en) * 2011-10-27 2013-10-22 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Structural integrity welded assembly
US20130256060A1 (en) * 2012-03-29 2013-10-03 Safway Services, Llc Scaffold Plank Structure
JP6047951B2 (ja) * 2012-06-29 2016-12-21 スズキ株式会社 金属材料の摩擦撹拌接合方法および金属材料接合体
RU2507113C1 (ru) * 2012-07-24 2014-02-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технический университет им. А.Н. Туполева-КАИ" (КНИТУ-КАИ) Сотовый заполнитель
CN103775136B (zh) * 2012-10-23 2015-06-10 中航商用航空发动机有限责任公司 一种叶片
CN103047287B (zh) * 2012-12-31 2015-06-17 浙江工业大学 锥形无摩擦旋转供气装置
US20140255620A1 (en) * 2013-03-06 2014-09-11 Rolls-Royce Corporation Sonic grain refinement of laser deposits
CN104235589A (zh) * 2013-06-16 2014-12-24 江苏新丽源南亚新材料有限公司 一种卡槽式蜂窝板及其制作工艺
CN103406681A (zh) * 2013-08-09 2013-11-27 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 一种用于搅拌摩擦焊接的自锁紧式防侧分接头
US20180361501A1 (en) * 2013-12-18 2018-12-20 MELD Manufacturing Corporation Meld solid-state joining of different features to cast parts
JP6248790B2 (ja) * 2014-05-08 2017-12-20 日本軽金属株式会社 摩擦攪拌接合方法
JP6287751B2 (ja) * 2014-10-17 2018-03-07 日本軽金属株式会社 摩擦攪拌接合方法
US9863103B2 (en) * 2015-02-24 2018-01-09 AlumaBridge, LLC Modular bridge deck system consisting of hollow extruded aluminum elements
US10668559B2 (en) * 2015-08-26 2020-06-02 Nippon Light Metal Company, Ltd. Joining method, method of manufacturing liquid cooling jacket, and liquid cooling jacket
CN105081596A (zh) * 2015-09-06 2015-11-25 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 用于搅拌摩擦焊的焊接接头
US9915046B2 (en) * 2015-12-15 2018-03-13 HFW Solutions, Inc. Self alignment structure for applications joining extruded members
SE539953C2 (en) * 2016-02-08 2018-02-06 Nitiu Ab Disposable board container and uses of board having a core structure of close packed asymmetric tetrahedrons
GB2552343A (en) * 2016-07-19 2018-01-24 Airbus Operations Ltd Method of manufacturing a multi-alloy aerospace component
US10087618B2 (en) * 2016-07-22 2018-10-02 HFW Solutions, Inc. System and method for interlocking structural members
US10549795B2 (en) 2016-08-31 2020-02-04 Wabash National L.P. Floor assembly and floor securing apparatus
CN106735975B (zh) * 2016-12-19 2018-10-09 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 铝合金地铁车底架焊接时的内侧宽度控制方法
CA3039566C (en) 2016-12-20 2021-04-13 Michael Kloepfer Cylindrical semi-trailer
CA3039568C (en) 2016-12-20 2020-06-30 Titan Trailers Inc. Cylindrical cargo container construction
CN106801473B (zh) * 2017-03-24 2023-01-31 广东铝遊家科技有限公司 铝合金结构房屋
JP2019025490A (ja) * 2017-07-25 2019-02-21 日本軽金属株式会社 接合方法
US10759009B2 (en) * 2017-09-11 2020-09-01 Hitachi Automotive Systems Americas, Inc. Friction stir welding flash and burr control
AU2018338411B2 (en) 2017-09-22 2022-11-10 Titan Trailers Inc. Quasi-cylindrical cargo container and construction
CN107503439A (zh) * 2017-10-11 2017-12-22 广东铝遊家科技有限公司 铝合金结构移动屋
EP3703888A4 (en) 2017-10-31 2021-08-18 Meld Manufacturing Corporation SYSTEM FOR GENERATIVE SOLIDS MANUFACTURING AND MATERIAL COMPOSITIONS AND STRUCTURES
CN107989277B (zh) * 2017-12-30 2024-01-23 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 一种新型铝合金结构大雁板
JP6681941B2 (ja) * 2018-05-31 2020-04-15 株式会社Uacj 衝撃吸収部材
CN108644602A (zh) * 2018-06-28 2018-10-12 太仓新浏精密五金有限公司 压铸板材
DE102018211574B4 (de) * 2018-07-12 2022-06-30 Thyssenkrupp Ag Werkstückgruppe
CN108723578B (zh) * 2018-07-18 2021-01-22 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 中空铝型材拼合圆弧板的搅拌摩擦焊接方法
USD880006S1 (en) * 2018-08-17 2020-03-31 Stage FX, Inc. Truss
CN109296927B (zh) * 2018-10-31 2021-11-23 河北金维重工有限公司 一种高焊接精度的整体车板
CN109797905A (zh) * 2019-01-04 2019-05-24 中国华冶科工集团有限公司 一种管桁架结构主次桁架相贯安装方法
CN109835359B (zh) * 2019-03-07 2020-04-28 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 一种铝基复合材料轨道车辆
CN110126861A (zh) * 2019-05-08 2019-08-16 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 车辆的上边梁
CA3087758A1 (en) 2019-07-25 2021-01-25 National Research Council Of Canada Snap-fit extrusions for forming panels
US11701737B2 (en) 2019-09-10 2023-07-18 Qingdao Cimc Reefer Trailer Co., Ltd. Friction-stir-welded sheet-and-post sidewall
CN111014937B (zh) * 2019-11-25 2021-08-03 长春城际轨道客车配件有限公司 基于搅拌摩擦焊的金属结构件的制作方法
CN111692172A (zh) * 2020-06-19 2020-09-22 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 连接件、端墙和车厢
US20220017315A1 (en) * 2020-07-16 2022-01-20 Motis Brands, Inc. Trussed ramp
CN115162513B (zh) * 2021-08-16 2023-09-19 任建利 拱形结构框架、多曲腔墙、发电建筑和多彩发电城市
CN115285157A (zh) * 2022-09-05 2022-11-04 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 一种磁浮列车的前端结构及磁浮列车

Family Cites Families (167)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11673A (en) * 1854-09-12 Cooking stove and range
US42293A (en) * 1864-04-12 Improvement in balanced valves for steam-engines
US69833A (en) * 1867-10-15 Improved ioe-oeeam freezer
US211819A (en) * 1879-01-28 Improvement in harrow-teeth
US92889A (en) * 1869-07-20 Improvement in corn-planters
US74949A (en) * 1868-02-25 Improved washiko-maohine
US11671A (en) * 1854-09-12 Improved method of
US69834A (en) * 1867-10-15 palmbe
US11672A (en) * 1854-09-12 Coknt-sheller
US51601A (en) * 1865-12-19 Improvement in sawing-machines
US27154A (en) * 1860-02-14 Straw-ctjtteb
US69835A (en) * 1867-10-15 Improved washing machine
US1913342A (en) * 1930-07-03 1933-06-06 Truscon Steel Co Metal structure
US1954511A (en) * 1930-08-13 1934-04-10 Youngstown Sheet And Tube Co Method and apparatus for forming welded material
US2177868A (en) * 1937-06-08 1939-10-31 Comb Eng Co Inc Welded joint
US2284229A (en) * 1940-08-19 1942-05-26 Palmer George Vincent Metal wall building construction
GB572789A (en) 1941-10-17 1945-10-24 Hans Klopstock An improved method of joining or welding metals
US2457129A (en) * 1946-02-27 1948-12-28 Metal Lumber Corp Of New Jerse Hatch cover
US3301147A (en) * 1963-07-22 1967-01-31 Harvey Aluminum Inc Vehicle-supporting matting and plank therefor
US3269072A (en) * 1963-08-26 1966-08-30 Pullman Inc Vehicle floor construction
US3397496A (en) * 1965-02-04 1968-08-20 K & Associates Inc As Locking means for roof and wall panel construction
US3385182A (en) * 1965-09-27 1968-05-28 Harvey Aluminum Inc Interlocking device for load bearing surfaces such as aircraft landing mats
US3443306A (en) * 1966-08-03 1969-05-13 Nooter Corp Method of joining clad material
US3348459A (en) * 1967-01-03 1967-10-24 Harvey Aluminum Inc Interlocking matting and coupling bar therefor
US3386221A (en) * 1967-09-08 1968-06-04 Revere Copper & Brass Inc Lightweight panel
IL31940A (en) * 1968-04-05 1971-08-25 Dynamit Nobel Ag Sections from thermoplastic resins
US3538819A (en) * 1968-07-26 1970-11-10 Us Navy Airfield matting locking pin
SE359479B (zh) * 1972-02-24 1973-09-03 Platmanufaktur Ab
US3849835A (en) * 1972-09-19 1974-11-26 Acme General Corp Spring hinge for bifold doors
US3848871A (en) 1973-04-19 1974-11-19 A Sweet Non-slipping hand grip for tennis racket and the like
US3849871A (en) * 1973-08-06 1974-11-26 Neander H Method for welding pipes
US4019018A (en) * 1974-09-30 1977-04-19 Kobe Steel Ltd. Process for narrow gap welding of aluminum alloy thick plates
DE2450747C2 (de) * 1974-10-25 1976-08-26 Talbot Waggonfab Zweiachsiges schienenfahrzeug mit einem verwindungsfaehigen untergestell
JPS51111925A (en) 1975-03-27 1976-10-02 Mitsutoshi Washizu Tone generator for gas cock
US3984961A (en) * 1975-08-04 1976-10-12 Fruehauf Corporation Composite extruded floor
DE2604882C2 (de) * 1976-02-07 1986-06-26 Klaus 8940 Memmingen Kaspar Befahrbare Fläche für mechanische Parkeinrichtungen, Rampen, Hebebühnen o.dgl.
JPS52123358A (en) 1976-04-09 1977-10-17 Shigeru Kimura Frictional welding method
JPS5411250A (en) 1977-06-10 1979-01-27 Japan Synthetic Rubber Co Ltd Production of powdery food
US4337708A (en) * 1980-04-11 1982-07-06 Pullman Incorporated Railway car superstructure frame
GB2088195B (en) 1980-11-18 1984-04-18 British United Shoe Machinery Apparatus for use in heat setting a lasted shoe upper
US4488833A (en) * 1982-04-27 1984-12-18 Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation Rapidly deployed assault vehicle surfacing or trackway system
JPS60166177A (ja) 1984-02-07 1985-08-29 Toshiba Corp 異種金属体間の嵌着溶接方法
DE3406609C2 (de) * 1984-02-23 1998-08-06 Magnetbahn Gmbh Wagenkasten für Fahrgastwagen von Eisenbahnen, Nahverkehrsbahnen, Magnetschwebebahnen
AU566257B2 (en) * 1985-01-10 1987-10-15 Hockney Pty Ltd Table top for lorry
SU1393566A1 (ru) 1985-10-08 1988-05-07 Производственное Объединение "Вильнюсский Завод Топливной Аппаратуры Им.50-Летия Ссср" Способ шовной сварки трением
JPS62189251A (ja) * 1986-02-13 1987-08-19 川崎重工業株式会社 床構造
SE457809B (sv) * 1987-05-20 1989-01-30 Lars Svensson Brobana
US4966082A (en) * 1987-10-21 1990-10-30 Hitachi, Ltd. Construction and a manufacturing method of underframe for a rolling stock
JPH01148655A (ja) * 1987-12-04 1989-06-12 Tokyu Car Corp 車両の構体接合構造
JPH01244961A (ja) * 1988-03-25 1989-09-29 Hitachi Ltd 車両構体の構造
JP2669535B2 (ja) * 1988-06-06 1997-10-29 株式会社日立製作所 鉄道車両の車体
SU1655725A1 (ru) 1988-06-27 1991-06-15 Производственное Объединение "Вильнюсский Завод Топливной Аппаратуры Им.50-Летия Ссср" Способ сварки деталей
JP2679817B2 (ja) * 1988-08-16 1997-11-19 ジャトコ株式会社 自動変速機用二分割式回転ドラムの結合構造
DE375591T1 (de) * 1988-12-21 1990-10-18 United Technologies Corp., Hartford, Conn. Traegheitschweissverbesserungen durch die verwendung von gestaffelter wand-geometrie.
US5267515A (en) * 1989-01-18 1993-12-07 Hitachi, Ltd. Vehicle body construction having longitudinally elongated extruded panels and continuous welds joining the panels
US5098007A (en) 1989-01-18 1992-03-24 Hitachi, Ltd. Method of manufacturing a vehicle body
IL89005A (en) * 1989-01-19 1991-11-21 Polygal Lightweight construction panels with interconnectable edges
JP2604226B2 (ja) 1989-03-20 1997-04-30 財団法人 鉄道総合技術研究所 鉄道車両の構体構造
US4977722A (en) * 1989-06-14 1990-12-18 Repla Limited Frame system
US5199632A (en) * 1989-06-30 1993-04-06 Hitachi. Ltd. Railway car body structures and methods of making them
EP0405889B1 (en) 1989-06-30 1997-08-27 Hitachi, Ltd. Railway car body structures and methods of making them
JP2533663B2 (ja) 1989-06-30 1996-09-11 株式会社日立製作所 鉄道車両構体
GB8928881D0 (en) * 1989-12-21 1990-02-28 Avon Inflatables Ltd Inflatable boat and deck therefor
US5433151A (en) * 1990-09-07 1995-07-18 Hitachi, Ltd. Railway car body structures and methods of making them using welded honeycomb panels connected in an edge to edge relation
US5064097A (en) 1990-10-10 1991-11-12 Water Center International Ltd. Compact water purification and beverage dispensing apparatus
US5188278A (en) * 1990-11-22 1993-02-23 A & S Corporation Friction welding method for joining a rim and a disc of a disc wheel and the apparatus therefor
US5204149A (en) * 1991-01-04 1993-04-20 Case Designers Corporation Method and apparatus for making double wall containers
US5298098A (en) * 1991-03-22 1994-03-29 Hoedl Herbert K Industrial pallets and methods of manufacture of panel structures
JPH0645340A (ja) 1991-11-12 1994-02-18 Rohm Co Ltd 半導体装置及びその製造方法
JP2626372B2 (ja) * 1991-11-25 1997-07-02 株式会社日立製作所 車 両
GB9125978D0 (en) 1991-12-06 1992-02-05 Welding Inst Hot shear butt welding
USD338968S (en) * 1991-12-26 1993-08-31 Certainteed Corporation Window component extrusion
FR2691937B1 (fr) 1992-06-03 1994-07-22 Alsthom Gec Caisse de vehicule ferroviaire en acier inoxydable.
TW261590B (zh) 1992-07-17 1995-11-01 Hitachi Seisakusyo Kk
JP2692505B2 (ja) * 1992-08-21 1997-12-17 株式会社日立製作所 車両の補修方法および車両
JP3266325B2 (ja) * 1992-09-10 2002-03-18 ▲滲▼透工業株式会社 熱交換バッキング体
JP2773570B2 (ja) * 1992-09-18 1998-07-09 株式会社日立製作所 積層パネル
JPH06106681A (ja) 1992-09-24 1994-04-19 Toppan Printing Co Ltd 紙容器
GB9220273D0 (en) * 1992-09-25 1992-11-11 Welding Inst Improvements relating to friction jointing and surfacing
IT1257961B (it) * 1992-12-30 1996-02-19 Fiat Ferroviaria Spa Struttura di cassa a pannelli strutturali ondulati per veicoli ferrotranviari.
JP2640078B2 (ja) * 1993-02-08 1997-08-13 株式会社神戸製鋼所 制振形材及び輸送機用構造体
JP3110195B2 (ja) * 1993-03-16 2000-11-20 積水化学工業株式会社 並設用板体
JPH06328273A (ja) * 1993-05-20 1994-11-29 Daido Steel Co Ltd 金属棒ないし線材の接合方法
JP3237037B2 (ja) * 1993-06-17 2001-12-10 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦圧接装置
JP2626471B2 (ja) 1993-06-22 1997-07-02 株式会社日立製作所 車両構体の製作方法
US5476210A (en) * 1993-06-25 1995-12-19 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Structure for joining plate elements and method for joining the same
JPH06156271A (ja) * 1993-06-28 1994-06-03 Hitachi Ltd 鉄道車両構体およびそのブロック製作方法
US5450317A (en) * 1993-11-24 1995-09-12 U S West Advanced Technologies, Inc. Method and system for optimized logistics planning
US5398805A (en) 1993-12-13 1995-03-21 Interfit International, Ltd. Wear shoe retainer for a sludge collector flight
DE4342786A1 (de) * 1993-12-15 1995-06-22 Lignotock Gmbh Verfahren zum Fügen von Bauelementen und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
JP2544706B2 (ja) 1994-03-25 1996-10-16 富国工業株式会社 連続圧搾機
NO942790D0 (no) * 1994-03-28 1994-07-27 Norsk Hydro As Fremgangsmåte ved friksjonssveising og anordning for samme
JPH07266068A (ja) 1994-03-30 1995-10-17 Kobe Steel Ltd アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金部材のレーザ溶接方法
US5480317A (en) * 1994-03-31 1996-01-02 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Socket for receiving a threaded member which prevents cross-threading
JPH07205807A (ja) * 1994-08-31 1995-08-08 Hitachi Ltd 鉄道車両車体
US5811035A (en) * 1995-06-06 1998-09-22 The Marley Cooling Tower Company Multiple purpose panel for cooling towers
US5665435A (en) * 1995-08-31 1997-09-09 University Of Pittsburgh Of The Commonwealth System Of Higher Education Method for fluorination of diamond surfaces
NO954273D0 (no) 1995-10-26 1995-10-26 Norsk Hydro As Hjulfelg
US5651154A (en) 1995-11-13 1997-07-29 Reynolds Metals Company Modular bridge deck system consisting of hollow extruded aluminum elements
US6199340B1 (en) * 1996-01-22 2001-03-13 L.B. Plastics Limited Modular construction element
US5819491A (en) * 1996-01-22 1998-10-13 L.B. Plastics Limited Modular construction elements
JP3807766B2 (ja) * 1996-02-20 2006-08-09 株式会社日立製作所 鉄道車両構体の製作方法
US5611479A (en) 1996-02-20 1997-03-18 Rockwell International Corporation Friction stir welding total penetration technique
CN1322242C (zh) * 1996-03-19 2007-06-20 株式会社日立制作所 摩擦焊接用结构体
US5862975A (en) * 1996-03-20 1999-01-26 The Boeing Company Composite/metal structural joint with welded Z-pins
US5713507A (en) * 1996-03-21 1998-02-03 Rockwell International Corporation Programmable friction stir welding process
US5664826A (en) * 1996-04-12 1997-09-09 Wilkens; Arthur L. Light weight trailer walls with smooth surfaces
US5718366A (en) 1996-05-31 1998-02-17 The Boeing Company Friction stir welding tool for welding variable thickness workpieces
US5794835A (en) 1996-05-31 1998-08-18 The Boeing Company Friction stir welding
US5769306A (en) 1996-05-31 1998-06-23 The Boeing Company Weld root closure method for friction stir welds
DK174563B1 (da) * 1996-09-06 2003-06-10 Daimlerchrysler Rail Systems Beklædningsplade samt fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af en sådan beklædningsplade
US5697511A (en) 1996-09-27 1997-12-16 Boeing North American, Inc. Tank and method of fabrication
US5836029A (en) * 1996-10-22 1998-11-17 Reynolds Metals Company Method of preparing an aluminum bridge deck and an aluminum bridge deck configuration for receiving a wearing surface
US5829664A (en) 1996-11-15 1998-11-03 Aluminum Company Of America Resistance heated stir welding
US5836128A (en) * 1996-11-21 1998-11-17 Crane Plastics Company Limited Partnership Deck plank
JPH10193143A (ja) * 1997-01-17 1998-07-28 Showa Alum Corp 摩擦撹拌接合法
JP3283433B2 (ja) 1997-01-31 2002-05-20 住友軽金属工業株式会社 アルミニウム広幅形材の製造方法
JP3897391B2 (ja) * 1997-03-25 2007-03-22 昭和電工株式会社 金属製接合部材の摩擦撹拌接合法
EP0891910B1 (de) * 1997-07-17 2002-05-02 Alcan Technology & Management AG Konstruktion mit Profilen und Verbundplatten
JP3589863B2 (ja) * 1997-07-23 2004-11-17 株式会社日立製作所 構造体および摩擦攪拌接合方法
JP3070735B2 (ja) * 1997-07-23 2000-07-31 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合方法
US6085485A (en) * 1997-12-11 2000-07-11 Murdock; Douglas G. Load bearing pre-fabricated building construction panel
SE9704800D0 (sv) * 1997-12-19 1997-12-19 Esab Ab Anordning för svetsning
US6290117B1 (en) * 1998-02-17 2001-09-18 Hitachi, Ltd. Friction stir welding method and friction stir welding apparatus
US6045027A (en) * 1998-03-04 2000-04-04 The Boeing Company Friction stir welding interlocking joint design and method
JP3420502B2 (ja) * 1998-06-16 2003-06-23 株式会社日立製作所 構造体
US6082810A (en) * 1998-09-18 2000-07-04 Utility Trailer Manufacturing Company Cargo vehicle floor construction and method
AU733140B2 (en) * 1998-09-29 2001-05-10 Hitachi Limited A friction stir welding method
CA2293907A1 (en) * 1999-01-04 2000-07-04 Sooner Trailer Manufacturing Co. Trailer with improved double skin slat construction
JP3459187B2 (ja) * 1999-02-02 2003-10-20 株式会社日立製作所 中空形材
JP3459193B2 (ja) * 1999-05-26 2003-10-20 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合部の補修方法および鉄道車両の製作方法
JP3481501B2 (ja) * 1999-05-28 2003-12-22 株式会社日立製作所 構造体およびその製作方法
TW464576B (en) * 1999-05-28 2001-11-21 Hitachi Ltd A structure body and a manufacturing method of a structure body
JP2000351365A (ja) * 1999-06-11 2000-12-19 Hitachi Ltd 車 体
EP1224052A1 (en) * 1999-09-03 2002-07-24 Lockheed Martin Corp. Friction stir welding as a rivet replacement technology
US6986452B2 (en) * 1999-09-03 2006-01-17 Lockheed Martin Corporation Friction stir welding as a rivet replacement technology
JP3459210B2 (ja) * 1999-11-24 2003-10-20 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合方法
US6722286B2 (en) * 1999-12-14 2004-04-20 Hitachi, Ltd. Structure and railway car
JP3538357B2 (ja) * 2000-01-24 2004-06-14 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合方法
JP3552978B2 (ja) * 2000-01-27 2004-08-11 株式会社日立製作所 中空形材
JP3589930B2 (ja) * 2000-02-25 2004-11-17 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合方法
US6324796B1 (en) * 2000-04-10 2001-12-04 Homeland Vinyl Products, Inc. Modular decking planks
US6398883B1 (en) * 2000-06-07 2002-06-04 The Boeing Company Friction stir grain refinement of structural members
US6729097B2 (en) * 2000-10-12 2004-05-04 Armstrong World Industries, Inc. Hollow building panel having an angled support member and method of making same
JP3575749B2 (ja) * 2000-11-17 2004-10-13 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合方法
JP3553012B2 (ja) * 2000-11-17 2004-08-11 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合方法
KR100812687B1 (ko) * 2000-11-30 2008-03-13 쇼와 덴코 가부시키가이샤 커패시터용 니오브 분말, 그 소결체 및 소결체를 이용한커패시터
US6769595B2 (en) * 2000-12-20 2004-08-03 Alcoa Inc. Friction plunge riveting
JP3675714B2 (ja) * 2000-12-20 2005-07-27 株式会社日立製作所 鉄道車両の妻の製作方法及び鉄道車両の車体
US6425626B1 (en) * 2001-01-04 2002-07-30 Michael Kloepfer Truck/trailer box constructions
JP3761786B2 (ja) * 2001-01-17 2006-03-29 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合方法および装置
USD459491S1 (en) * 2001-01-31 2002-06-25 Becht Engineering Company, Inc. Deck slat
US6871600B2 (en) * 2001-02-09 2005-03-29 Trn Business Trust Pultruded panel
US20020119336A1 (en) * 2001-02-26 2002-08-29 Takeshi Kawasaki Method of friction stir welding structural body, structural body, and extruded material
US20040074949A1 (en) * 2001-03-07 2004-04-22 Masayuki Narita Friction agitation joining method flat material for plastic working and closed end sleeve like body
US6550397B2 (en) * 2001-03-27 2003-04-22 Hitachi, Ltd. Car body
JP3751215B2 (ja) * 2001-04-16 2006-03-01 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合方法
US6669271B2 (en) * 2001-06-22 2003-12-30 East Manufacturing Corporation Smooth side body structure and method
JP3751237B2 (ja) * 2001-09-03 2006-03-01 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合用接続材
JP3725057B2 (ja) * 2001-09-25 2005-12-07 株式会社日立製作所 軌条車両
JP3929816B2 (ja) * 2002-04-16 2007-06-13 株式会社日立製作所 ヘアライン加工方法
US6918221B2 (en) * 2002-08-08 2005-07-19 Robert M. Williams Polymeric deck panels, deck assemblies, decks and methods for forming the same
JP4440522B2 (ja) * 2002-09-11 2010-03-24 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合用中空形材
JP2003136258A (ja) * 2002-09-11 2003-05-14 Hitachi Ltd 摩擦攪拌接合方法
US6739106B2 (en) * 2002-09-12 2004-05-25 Royal Group Technologies Limited Reversible plastic building board with different colored sides
US6933057B2 (en) * 2003-07-17 2005-08-23 The Boeing Company Friction stir welded assembly and method of forming a friction stir welded assembly
JP4205537B2 (ja) * 2003-09-04 2009-01-07 株式会社日立製作所 摩擦攪拌接合方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103722288A (zh) * 2007-06-14 2014-04-16 日本轻金属株式会社 接合方法
CN103722288B (zh) * 2007-06-14 2016-03-16 日本轻金属株式会社 接合方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20060254187A1 (en) 2006-11-16
US20040069834A1 (en) 2004-04-15
EP1222993A2 (en) 2002-07-17
CN1880699A (zh) 2006-12-20
US20030230625A1 (en) 2003-12-18
KR100426023B1 (ko) 2004-04-03
EP1222994B1 (en) 2006-11-15
EP1222994A2 (en) 2002-07-17
US20100297469A1 (en) 2010-11-25
US20040065715A1 (en) 2004-04-08
DE69735388T2 (de) 2006-12-07
CN1199756C (zh) 2005-05-04
DE69734367T2 (de) 2006-07-27
EP1190805A2 (en) 2002-03-27
EP1190806A3 (en) 2002-04-03
EP0797043A3 (en) 1999-09-01
EP1190808A2 (en) 2002-03-27
US6862860B2 (en) 2005-03-08
US20060254186A1 (en) 2006-11-16
EP1222994A3 (en) 2002-07-24
US20040026481A1 (en) 2004-02-12
CN1410221A (zh) 2003-04-16
EP1222995A1 (en) 2002-07-17
EP1222999B1 (en) 2005-01-12
CN1208166C (zh) 2005-06-29
US20040065040A1 (en) 2004-04-08
US6983873B2 (en) 2006-01-10
CN1248505A (zh) 2000-03-29
DE69736958D1 (de) 2006-12-28
EP1188507A2 (en) 2002-03-20
US20040025467A1 (en) 2004-02-12
US20040065714A1 (en) 2004-04-08
JP2000205217A (ja) 2000-07-25
EP1679148B1 (en) 2010-12-01
US20040069835A1 (en) 2004-04-15
DE69732260T2 (de) 2006-01-12
KR100445136B1 (ko) 2004-08-21
DE69734368D1 (de) 2006-02-23
DE69732191D1 (de) 2005-02-10
DE69732191T2 (de) 2005-12-29
EP1222993B1 (en) 2006-05-17
EP1679148A1 (en) 2006-07-12
US6840426B2 (en) 2005-01-11
EP1222998A1 (en) 2002-07-17
CN1347782A (zh) 2002-05-08
KR100428544B1 (ko) 2004-04-29
DE69739569D1 (de) 2009-10-15
DE69734368T2 (de) 2006-07-27
DE69736017D1 (de) 2006-07-06
EP1222993A3 (en) 2002-07-24
EP1222997A1 (en) 2002-07-17
CN1410216A (zh) 2003-04-16
US7665651B2 (en) 2010-02-23
CN1322241C (zh) 2007-06-20
DE69722493D1 (de) 2003-07-10
DE69735905T2 (de) 2007-01-11
US7114304B2 (en) 2006-10-03
US6978923B2 (en) 2005-12-27
EP1222992A2 (en) 2002-07-17
EP1222996A1 (en) 2002-07-17
CN1880002A (zh) 2006-12-20
CN1216713C (zh) 2005-08-31
US20040007891A1 (en) 2004-01-15
CN1163813A (zh) 1997-11-05
DE69736958T2 (de) 2007-03-08
KR100426022B1 (ko) 2004-04-03
US20040025741A1 (en) 2004-02-12
EP1676667A1 (en) 2006-07-05
EP1222991A3 (en) 2002-07-24
EP0797043B1 (en) 2003-06-04
US20060191980A1 (en) 2006-08-31
KR100459094B1 (ko) 2004-12-03
EP1190808A3 (en) 2002-04-03
CN1899746A (zh) 2007-01-24
US7562802B2 (en) 2009-07-21
CN1880002B (zh) 2010-11-03
JP2000205218A (ja) 2000-07-25
EP1222996B1 (en) 2005-10-12
US7073701B2 (en) 2006-07-11
EP1188507A3 (en) 2002-05-22
DE69735144T2 (de) 2006-10-26
CN1626836A (zh) 2005-06-15
EP1222992A3 (en) 2003-02-05
EP1190805A3 (en) 2002-04-17
EP1190807B1 (en) 2005-01-05
EP1190808B1 (en) 2006-01-25
DE69735964D1 (de) 2006-06-29
US7032804B2 (en) 2006-04-25
US20040069833A1 (en) 2004-04-15
EP1222995B1 (en) 2006-05-31
CN1618563A (zh) 2005-05-25
DE69734367D1 (de) 2006-02-23
CN1322604A (zh) 2001-11-21
US7178303B2 (en) 2007-02-20
KR100428553B1 (ko) 2004-04-27
US7287683B2 (en) 2007-10-30
KR100426024B1 (ko) 2004-04-03
CN1322650A (zh) 2001-11-21
CN1310732C (zh) 2007-04-18
KR100428554B1 (ko) 2004-04-27
CN1322603A (zh) 2001-11-21
DE69722493T2 (de) 2004-05-13
EP1222998B1 (en) 2005-10-12
US20040065713A1 (en) 2004-04-08
US7032805B2 (en) 2006-04-25
KR100428539B1 (ko) 2004-04-29
CN1203956C (zh) 2005-06-01
KR100445140B1 (ko) 2004-11-16
CN1410218A (zh) 2003-04-16
US6953144B2 (en) 2005-10-11
CN1211180C (zh) 2005-07-20
EP1222999A1 (en) 2002-07-17
US20060191981A1 (en) 2006-08-31
CN1192848C (zh) 2005-03-16
EP1190807A3 (en) 2002-04-03
CN1203957C (zh) 2005-06-01
DE69732260D1 (de) 2005-02-17
DE69732670T2 (de) 2005-08-04
EP1222991B1 (en) 2006-11-15
CN100531997C (zh) 2009-08-26
CN1410219A (zh) 2003-04-16
US20060254188A1 (en) 2006-11-16
US6966481B2 (en) 2005-11-22
CN1208165C (zh) 2005-06-29
EP1676667B1 (en) 2009-09-02
JP2000202650A (ja) 2000-07-25
CN1208167C (zh) 2005-06-29
DE69735388D1 (de) 2006-05-04
EP1676668B1 (en) 2009-05-13
US7413107B2 (en) 2008-08-19
EP1190807A2 (en) 2002-03-27
US7520104B2 (en) 2009-04-21
DE69732669D1 (de) 2005-04-07
DE69736959D1 (de) 2006-12-28
DE69736017T2 (de) 2006-10-05
US6946206B2 (en) 2005-09-20
US20040068955A1 (en) 2004-04-15
CN1410215A (zh) 2003-04-16
CN1632328A (zh) 2005-06-29
EP1190806A2 (en) 2002-03-27
KR100426021B1 (ko) 2004-04-03
JP2000205216A (ja) 2000-07-25
US20050161491A1 (en) 2005-07-28
KR100428552B1 (ko) 2004-04-27
KR100426025B1 (ko) 2004-04-03
CN100441935C (zh) 2008-12-10
DE69739407D1 (de) 2009-06-25
KR970064806A (ko) 1997-10-13
US7056594B2 (en) 2006-06-06
US7416769B2 (en) 2008-08-26
DE69735905D1 (de) 2006-06-22
DE69735144D1 (de) 2006-04-13
EP1222992B1 (en) 2006-05-24
EP1676668A1 (en) 2006-07-05
CN1410220A (zh) 2003-04-16
JP2000202653A (ja) 2000-07-25
DE69736959T2 (de) 2007-03-08
DE69732669T2 (de) 2006-03-16
JP2000202651A (ja) 2000-07-25
DE69740067D1 (de) 2011-01-13
EP1222997B1 (en) 2006-03-08
US6581819B1 (en) 2003-06-24
DE69735964T2 (de) 2006-12-28
EP1188507B1 (en) 2005-03-02
EP1190806B1 (en) 2005-03-02
CN1322242C (zh) 2007-06-20
EP0797043A2 (en) 1997-09-24
CN1165403C (zh) 2004-09-08
DE69732670D1 (de) 2005-04-07
CN1192847C (zh) 2005-03-16
JP2000202652A (ja) 2000-07-25
US20040020971A1 (en) 2004-02-05
US20040065712A1 (en) 2004-04-08
CN100475411C (zh) 2009-04-08
CN1410217A (zh) 2003-04-16
EP1222991A2 (en) 2002-07-17
US20040025468A1 (en) 2004-02-12
CN1877186A (zh) 2006-12-13
US7513409B2 (en) 2009-04-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1203954C (zh) 摩擦搅拌焊接方法
CN1165402C (zh) 一种结构体及其制造方法
CN1177667C (zh) 摩擦搅动连接部位的修补方法
CN101032784A (zh) 可调节式搭接及由此产生的结构
JP3152420B2 (ja) 構造体の製作方法および構造体
JP3229283B2 (ja) 摩擦接合方法および構造体
JP2006212707A (ja) 摩擦攪拌接合方法
JP2006150457A (ja) パネル
JP2006150456A (ja) パネル構造体
JP2006297485A (ja) 摩擦接合方法およびパネル構造体

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20050601

Termination date: 20160318