CN111052058A - 改进的光学部件 - Google Patents
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Abstract
提供了一种触摸感测设备，该触摸感测设备包括：限定触摸表面的透光面板、沿着透光面板的周界布置的多个光发射器和探测器、沿着透光面板的周界布置的多个光学部件，其中，光发射器被布置成发射相应的所发射的光的光束，并且光学部件被构造成将所发射的光引导到横跨透光面板的路径。可选地，光学部件包括光导，该光导被布置成通过第一表面接收来自光发射器的光，并且通过第二表面将在光导中行进的光耦合输出到触摸表面。第二表面可以是漫射透射的。光导可以进一步包括反射表面，该反射表面被构造成将在光导中行进的光从第一表面内反射到漫射表面。反射表面可以是漫射反射的、部分漫射反射的或镜面反射的。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及触摸感测设备，该触摸感测设备通过在面板上方散射的漫射光对光进行传播来操作，并且特别地涉及用于限定面板上的光路径的光学和机械解决方案。此外，本发明涉及一种组装触摸感测设备的方法。
背景技术
在被称为“表面上方光学触摸系统”的一类触摸敏感面板中，一组光学发射器围绕触摸表面的周界布置，以发射被反射以在触摸表面上方行进的光。一组光探测器也围绕触摸表面的周界布置，以从触摸表面上方接收来自该组发射器的光。接触触摸表面的物体将使光的一个或多个传播路径上的光衰减，并且致使由一个或多个探测器接收的光发生变化。物体的位置(坐标)、形状或面积可以通过分析在探测器处所接收的光来确定。
一些现有技术的系统依靠准直光在透光面板上的耦合和传播。由于关于其部件的对准的公差小，这种系统很笨重而难以可靠地实现。例如，光发射器和探测器需要相对于各种透镜精确地对准并且经由凹和/或凸反射和/或折射来反射光，以获得期望的准直度。在批量生产中可能难以实现这种精确对准。准直光的使用也增加了这种复杂性，这进而导致更昂贵的且不太紧凑的系统。另外，为了降低系统成本，所期望的可能是使电光部件的数量最小化。
附图说明
通过以下参考附图对本发明的示例进行的描述，本发明的示例能够实现的这些方面、特征和优点以及其他方面、特征和优点将被显现并被阐述，在附图中：
图1a、图1b、图1c示出了具有漫射透射光导的实施例，该漫射透射光导被构造成引导和接收围绕面板边缘的光。
图2示出了具有漫射透射光导的实施例，该漫射透射光导被构造成引导和接收围绕面板边缘的光。
图3a、图3b示出了具有漫射反射部件的实施例，该漫射反射部件被构造成引导和接收围绕面板边缘的光。
图4a、图4b示出了具有漫射反射光导的另一实施例，该漫射反射光导被构造成引导和接收围绕面板边缘的光。
图5示出了具有漫射反射光导的另一实施例，该漫射反射光导被构造成引导和接收围绕面板边缘的光。
图6示出了具有漫射反射部件的实施例，该漫射反射部件被构造成引导和接收穿过面板的光。
图7a、图7b示出了具有漫射反射光导的另一实施例，该漫射反射光导被构造成引导和接收穿过面板的光。
图8示出了具有镜面反射部件的实施例，该镜面反射部件被构造成引导和接收穿过面板的光。
图9示出了具有镜面反射光导的另一实施例，该镜面反射光导被构造成引导和接收穿过面板的光。
图10示出了具有多个镜面反射光导的另一实施例，这些镜面反射光导被构造成引导和接收围绕面板边缘的光。
图11示出了具有包括角滤光器的反射部件的实施例。
图12a示出了具有反射部件和细长通道的实施例，该细长通道具有吸光壁。
图12b示出了具有漫射表面和第二反射表面的实施例。
图13a、图13b示出了具有反射光导的实施例，该反射光导与具有吸光壁的细长通道结合。
图14示出了具有反射光导的另一实施例，该反射光导与具有吸光壁的细长通道结合。
图15示出了具有反射光导的另一实施例，该反射光导与具有吸光壁的细长通道结合。
图16示出了具有反射光导的实施例，该反射光导与支撑构件结合。
图17示出了具有反射光导的实施例，该反射光导与具有至少两条通道轴线的细长通道结合。
图18示出了具有反射光导和PCB的实施例，该PCB具有安装的发射器/探测器部件。
图19示出了具有反射光导的实施例，该反射光导具有提供屈光度的表面。
图20示出了具有反射光导的实施例，该反射光导具有提供屈光度的多个表面。
图21示出了具有保护止挡部件的实施例。
图22示出了具有附加的吸光层的实施例。
图23示出了具有反射光导的实施例，其中，靠近面板的表面是倾斜的。
图24示出了包括在光导与面板之间的污染沟的实施例。
图25示出了具有反射光导的实施例，该反射光导具有顶层，该顶层包括比该光导高的折射率。
图26示出了具有反射光导的实施例，该反射光导具有硬质涂层。
图27示出了具有反射光导的另一实施例，该反射光导具有硬质涂层。
图28示出了具有反射光导的实施例，其中，靠近面板的表面是竖直波纹状的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是至少部分地克服现有技术的上述限制中的一个或多个。
这些目的中的一个或多个以及可从下面的描述中出现的其他目的通过用于数据处理的方法、计算机可读介质、用于数据处理的设备以及根据独立权利要求所述的触摸感测设备来至少部分地实现，独立权利要求的实施例由从属权利要求限定。
本发明的一个方面提供了一种触摸感测设备，该触摸感测设备包括：限定触摸表面的透光面板、沿着透光面板的周界布置的多个光发射器和探测器、沿着透光面板的周界布置的多个光学部件，其中，光发射器被布置成发射相应的所发射的光的光束，并且光学部件被构造成将所发射的光引导到横跨透光面板的路径。可选地，光学部件包括光导，该光导被布置成通过第一表面接收来自光发射器的光，并且通过第二表面将在光导中行进的光耦合输出到触摸表面。第二表面可以是漫射透射的。光导可以进一步包括反射表面，该反射表面被构造成将在光导中行进的光从第一表面内反射到漫射表面。反射表面可以是漫射反射的、部分漫射反射的或镜面反射的。
可以由高折射率涂层和耐刮擦涂层中的至少一种对反射表面进行涂覆。第一表面和/或第二表面中的至少一个可以包括屈光度。第一表面和/或第二表面中的至少一个可以包括波纹。沟槽可以形成在第二表面与面板之间。
至少一个保护止挡件可以在光学部件附近被安装到触摸感测设备，并且与任何光学部件表面相比，该至少一个保护止挡件可以沿着触摸表面的平面的法向从触摸表面延伸得更远。光学部件可以包括反射器表面，以将来自光发射器的光反射到触摸表面，其中，反射器表面漫射地、部分漫射地或镜面地反射光。
角滤光器可以被布置在光学部件与触摸表面之间并且被构造成仅允许在触摸表面的平面的10度内行进的光在触摸表面与光学部件之间穿过。
细长通道可以被定位在每个光发射器和/或探测器与相应的光学部件的表面之间，其中，细长通道包括通道壁，并且其中，通道壁的至少一部分被构造成吸收光。细长通道可以由光导、气隙或其他透光介质形成。
细长通道可以可选地不是笔直的，和/或通道壁包括内反射表面。
具体实施方式
在下文中，将给出触摸敏感设备的实施例。在整个说明书中，相同的附图标记用于标识相应的元件。
图1a示出了光学触摸敏感设备的示例的俯视平面图。发射器110围绕面板150的周界分布，以横跨面板150投影光。探测器111围绕面板150的周界分布，以接收传播光的一部分。来自每个发射器110的光将由此传播到多个光路径D上的多个不同的探测器111。光路径D在概念上可以被表示为横跨面板150的触摸表面140延伸的“探测线”。因此，如俯视平面图中看到的，发射器110和探测器111在触摸表面140上共同限定探测线D的网格(“探测网格”)。探测网格中交点的间隔限定了触摸敏感设备100的空间分辨率，即，可以在触摸表面140上探测到的最小物体。
如本文中所使用的，发射器110可以是能够发射所需波长范围内的辐射的任何类型的设备，例如二极管激光器、VCSEL(垂直腔面发射激光器)、LED(发光二极管)、白炽灯、卤素灯等。发射器110也可以由光纤的端部形成。发射器110可以产生任何波长范围内的光。以下示例假定光在红外(IR)中产生，即，在约750nm以上的波长下产生。类似地，探测器111可以是能够将光(在相同波长范围内)转换成电信号的任何设备，例如光探测器、CCD设备、CMOS设备等。
探测器111共同提供输出信号，该输出信号由信号处理器接收和采样。输出信号包含多个子信号，也称为“投影信号”，每个子信号代表由光探测器111之一从光发射器110之一接收的光的能量。根据实施方式，信号处理器可能需要处理输出信号，以分离各个投影信号。投影信号代表所接收的能量、由探测器111在各条探测线D上接收的光的强度或功率。每当物体触摸探测线D时，在该探测线上接收的能量就减小或“衰减”。
信号处理器可以被构造成处理投影信号，以便确定触摸物体的特性，例如位置(例如，在x、y坐标系中)、形状或面积。该确定可以包括基于衰减的探测线的直接三角测量，例如如US7432893和WO2010/015408中所公开的，或者包括更高级的处理方法以在触摸表面140上重建衰减值的分布(为简单起见，称为“衰减图案”)，在该衰减值的分布中，每个衰减值代表局部的光衰减程度。衰减图案可以由信号处理器进一步处理，以确定触摸物体的位置、形状或面积。例如可以通过基于投影信号值的任何可用的图像重建算法来生成衰减图案，该图像重建算法包括诸如滤波反投影法、基于FTT的算法、代数重建法(ART)、联合代数重建法(SART)等的层析成像重建方法。替代地，可以通过调整一个或多个基函数和/或通过诸如贝叶斯(Bayesian)反演的统计方法来生成衰减图案。被设计成在触摸确定中使用的这种重建函数的示例在WO2009/077962、WO2011/049511、WO2011/139213、WO2012/050510和WO2013/062471中能够找到，所有的这些文献都通过引用并入本文中。
在实施例中，设备100还包括控制器，该控制器被连接以选择性地控制发射器110的激活，并且可能读出来自探测器111的数据。根据实施方式，可以按顺序或同时激活发射器110和/或探测器111，例如如US8581884中所公开的。信号处理器和控制器可以被构造为单独的单元，或者它们可以被结合在单个单元中。信号处理器和控制器之一或两者可以至少部分地由硬件CPU执行的软件实现。
图1b示出了一种实施例，其中，由发射器110发射的光120透射穿过光导130。光穿过漫射表面135离开光导130并进行分布，使得光的一部分在基本上平行于触摸表面140的平面中沿着路径90行进。图1c示出了触摸表面140的相对侧，其中，相同的光导130起相反的作用。在图1c中，光120由光导130的表面135接收，该表面然后将光漫射透射到光导130中。然后，光穿过光导130传送到探测器111。漫射表面135可以包括用于提供光学漫射的涂层或其他表面面层。提供了保护表面125以在阻挡环境光的同时反射光。保护表面125可以包括白色分层，例如涂料。在一个实施例中，涂料包括二氧化钛。该实施例有利地允许一种简单的解决方案，用于将来自发射器的光传递到触摸表面140。对于本说明书中提供的包括光导的所有实施例，可以提供用于抑制环境光的保护表面125。
在所有附图中示出的光学装置可以被理解为当光学装置将来自发射器的光传送到触摸表面110时(即，如图1b中明确示出和描述的)起到发射作用，而当光学装置将来自触摸表面140的光传送到探测器111时(即，如图1c中明确示出和描述的)起到接收作用。除非另有说明，否则应理解为光学装置对于起到发射作用和接收作用都是相同的。这有利地允许制造光学触摸敏感系统的生产成本变低，因为沿着系统的周界使用相同的光学装置，而不管该光学装置被定位在探测器或发射器上方还是附近。用于描述光学装置的功能的光的方向可以取决于所描述的实施例的各个部件的功能，即，在实施例的关键特征对于起到接收作用而言很重要的情况下，用于描述功能的光的方向可以根据接收作用而定。
在图1b中所示的实施例中，漫射表面135被定位成相对于触摸表面140成钝角142。这有利地允许方便地清洁边缘以去除灰尘，减少菲涅耳(Fresnel)反射以及从触摸表面到边框的平滑过渡。漫射表面135优选地相对于触摸表面140成130°至160°之间的角度。
在本说明书中描述的所有实施例中，部件的尺寸可以被理解为是变化的。优选地，光学部件具有距离触摸表面140不大于10mm的高度、在面板150下方不超过10mm的深度以及距离面板的边缘不超过20mm的距离。
在根据图2的实施例中，由发射器110发射的光120透射穿过光导230。在穿过漫射表面236离开光导230之前，光内反射离开表面235。光的一部分横跨与触摸表面140平行的平面行进。表面235可以是倾斜的，以相对于触摸表面140最佳地镜面反射光。漫射表面236优选地相对于触摸表面140成45°至160°之间的角度。
在根据图3a的实施例中，由发射器110发射的光透射穿过间隙340。间隙340可以是气隙或具有低折射率的其他透射介质。光完全反射离开光学部件330的漫射反射表面335。光的一部分横跨与触摸表面140平行的平面行进。这有利地消除了将光透射穿过光导的需要，从而提供了更好的透射。表面335相对于触摸表面140成20°至50°之间的角度342。
在图3b中，与图3a中所示的实施例类似的实施例被示出为进一步包括形成物理屏障的防尘罩390，从而防止灰尘到达漫射反射表面335或发射器110。防尘罩390包括透明窗口，光120可以无阻碍地穿过该透明窗口。优选地，防尘罩390从触摸表面140到防尘罩390的顶部边缘形成内侧边缘395和外侧边缘396。外侧边缘396的倾斜允许防尘罩390被有效地擦拭干净。倾斜边缘395和396可以相对于触摸表面140成100°至80°之间的角度。
返回到图3a，间隙340可以被形成物理屏障的防尘罩填充，从而以与实施例3b几乎相同的方式防止灰尘到达玻璃下方。将防尘罩定位在该位置中而不是定位在触摸表面140上使得触摸表面140上方的边框部件的尺寸小于图3b中所示的实施例的边框部件的尺寸。
在根据图4a的实施例中，由发射器110发射的光120透射穿过光导430。在穿过表面436离开光导430之前，光完全内反射离开漫射反射表面435。这有利地允许与图3b中所示的实施例类似的实施例，而不需要防尘罩。表面435可以相对于触摸表面140成10°至50°之间的角度342。表面435可以包括漫射涂料层、漫射带层或者其他漫射反射涂层或层。表面436优选地相对于触摸表面140成100°至80°之间的角度。光导430可以经由与被施加到表面435的漫射材料进行共挤而形成。
在图4b中，示出了与图4a中所示的实施例类似的实施例，其中，光导430进一步包括延伸部437和漫射层436。在该实施例中，光导430和延伸部437由单个材料块形成，并且漫射层436通过修改材料块的内部结构形成。在一个实施例中，通过聚焦的高强度激光束在光导中形成气泡。由于气泡是光学漫射的，因此产生的效果是光导中的气泡平面形成漫射层。在其他实施例中，延伸部437是与光导430分开的部件并且在制造期间被附接到光导430。在这些实施例中，层436可以通过蚀刻或者通过光导430和/或延伸部437的表面上的微结构形成。
在图5中，与图4a中所示的实施例类似的实施例被示出为进一步包括安装部件531。这有利地允许使用形成为与光导相同的材料的一部分的特征将光导530夹紧到触摸设备。表面535可以相对于触摸表面140成20°至50°之间的角度510。当成20°时，表面535将收集来自发射器110的更多光，而当成45°时，表面535将朝向触摸表面140反射光120的大部分镜面分量。
在根据图6的实施例中，由发射器110发射的光120透射穿过面板150。光反射离开部件630的漫射反射表面635。光的一部分横跨与触摸表面140平行的平面行进。穿过面板150将来自发射器110的光传送到漫射反射表面635的特征与现有技术提出的解决方案相比具有许多优点。特别地，触摸敏感设备100的制造变得明显更为便宜。该特征允许不需要将部件安装到面板150的边缘的布置，从而允许避免昂贵的抛光(其中，面板150由玻璃形成)来调整玻璃的边缘。此外，简化了将部件紧固到面板150并且提高了光学公差。表面635可以相对于触摸表面140成20°至50°之间的角度641。
在根据图7a的实施例中，由发射器110发射的光120透射穿过面板150。在穿过表面740离开光导130之前，光内反射离开部件730的漫射反射表面735。这有利地允许使用安装在触摸表面上的单个部件，而不需要防尘罩。表面735可以相对于触摸表面140成20°至50°之间的角度741。表面740优选地相对于触摸表面140成100°至80°之间的角度742。
在类似于图7a的实施例中，图7b示出了一个实施例，其中，由发射器110发射的光120透射穿过面板150。在穿过表面740离开光导730之前，光内反射离开光导730的漫射反射表面735。光的一部分还通过完全内反射行进穿过面板150。
在根据图8的实施例中，由发射器110发射的光120透射穿过面板150。光反射离开部件830的镜面或部分镜面反射表面835。与在上文采用漫射表面的实施例中相比，光120的镜面反射有利地允许更亮的光信号到达相应的探测器111。表面835可以包括镜面涂层。在另一实施例中，部件830由诸如金属的镜面反射材料形成。
在根据图9的实施例中，由发射器110发射的光120透射穿过面板150。在穿过表面940离开光导930之前，光内反射离开部件930的镜面或部分镜面反射表面935。这有利地允许一个实施例，其中，反射表面(例如935)从触摸表面140缩回。表面940优选地相对于触摸表面140成100°至80°之间的角度941。
在根据图10的实施例中，由发射器110发射的光120透射穿过光导1030。光内反射离开光导1030的镜面或部分镜面反射表面1036。在穿过表面1040离开光导1030之前，光于是内反射离开镜面或部分镜面反射表面1035。光导1030的该U形构造有利地允许光导1030夹紧到玻璃的边缘上。
在图11中，与图8中所示的实施例类似的实施例被示出为进一步包括角滤光器1150。来自触摸表面140的光120被角滤光器1150过滤，以仅允许窄的角度范围内的光到达镜面或部分镜面反射表面1135。于是，光120在穿过面板150被探测器111接收之前被部件1130的表面1135反射。角滤光器1150有利地确保了窄得多的角谱的光到达探测器111，从而允许显著地抑制环境光噪声。这与本文中所描述的镜面实施例特别相关。角滤光器1150可以应用于本说明书中所示的任何实施例，以过滤从触摸表面140到达光学部件的光。角滤光器1150还可以被施加在光学部件与发射器110/探测器111之间。在实施例中，通过产生交替的IR透射(例如，PMMA片)和IR阻挡材料的堆叠来制造角滤光器。这些层被层压在一起。然后，可以以引导的方式对堆叠进行拉伸并切割成光学部件。
在根据图12a的实施例中，光120由光学部件1230的表面1235从触摸表面140接收，然后该表面1235经由具有通道轴线1260的通道1240将光反射到探测器111。通道1240可以包括气隙或其他透射介质。通道1240可以包括一个或多个吸光壁1250，该一个或多个吸光壁被构造成吸收在与通道轴线1260的角度充分偏离的角度下行进的光。这有利地允许对环境光进行角过滤。
在根据图12b的实施例中，光120从发射器110发射到表面1241上，然后在横跨触摸表面140被引出之前被向上引导穿过面板150到达表面1236。表面1241是漫射的，优选地是哑光表面，从而导致光120的分量被散射。优选地，表面1241包括哑光漆、哑光漫射膜或哑光表面处理。表面1236是镜面，该表面对光120提供高于50％的高质量的镜面反射。优选地，光120的镜面反射高于60％。表面1236优选地与触摸表面140的平面成45°加范围为±15°的角度。在一个实施例中，表面1236从45°倾斜一小距离，以避免由于光从触摸系统的其他表面反射而引起的非期望的光学效果。优选地，表面1236从45°倾斜介于0.5°至3°之间，即，介于42°至44.5°之间或介于45.5°至48°之间。在光学部件1230是由铝或其他合适金属制成的阳极氧化挤压部件的情况下，可以通过对部件1230进行金刚石切割铣削来形成镜面1236，以产生镜面光洁度。替代地，可以将镜膜施加到部件1230。在图13a中，示出了与图12中所示的实施例类似的实施例，但是其中，在穿过表面1337离开光导1330之前，光穿过表面1336进入光导1330内部，反射离开镜面或部分镜面反射表面1335。结合通道1240，这有利地允许光导1330阻挡灰尘到达探测器111。表面1336可以相对于触摸表面140成80°至100°之间的角度。
在图13b中，示出了与图13a中所示的实施例类似的实施例，其中，通道1240包括具有与部件1331相似的折射率的透光材料。替代地，光导1331和通道1240由连续的光导部件形成。这有利地允许光导1331容易地夹紧到玻璃上，从而提高公差。
在图14中，示出了与图13b中所示的实施例类似的实施例，其中，光导1330和通道1240由连续的光导部件1430形成。这有利地防止使得环境光穿过表面1435到达探测器的任何路径。在穿过表面1437离开光导1430之前，光穿过表面1436进入光导1430内部，反射离开镜面或部分镜面反射表面1435。支撑部件1450可以用于将光导1430安装到外部框架(未示出)和面板150。支撑部件1450可以包括吸光材料并且执行与先前实施例中的吸光表面1250基本相同的光学功能。
在图15中，示出了与图14中所示的实施例类似的实施例，其中，光导部件1430具有顶部边缘1545，该顶部边缘具有半径。由于制造限制，因此难以确保锋利的边缘。锋利的边缘也可能对使用者造成危险。因此，假定边缘的半径。尽管可以将光导部件1430设计成使到达探测器111的环境光最小化，但是边缘1545的半径将不可避免地允许光以非期望角度进入光导并因此到达探测器111。类似地，表面1536的底部处的边缘1540在不完全锋利时可以以非期望角度反射光。因此，在一个实施例中，边缘1540被定位在触摸表面140的平面下方并且被吸收性材料1450保护。优选地，边缘1545和边缘1540具有0.1mm的半径。
在图16中，示出了与图14中所示的实施例类似的实施例，其中，光导部件1430进一步包括延伸的唇缘1680。
在图17中，示出了与图14中所示的实施例类似的实施例，其中，光导部件1730包括通道，该通道具有至少两条通道轴线1761、1762。在该实施例中，在穿过表面1737离开光导1730以到达探测器111之前，光120穿过表面1736进入光导1730内部，内反射离开镜面或部分镜面反射表面1735以及表面1731和/或表面1732。光120在到达探测器之前被至少两个表面内反射。这有利地允许发射器/探测器部件相对于面板150更灵活地定位并且使部件距离边缘155的宽度最小化。
在图18中，示出了与图15中所示的实施例类似的实施例，其中，发射器110和探测器111被安装在基板1860上。在该实施例中，支撑部件1550包括支撑槽1870，该支撑槽为基板1860提供物理支撑。
在图19中，示出了与图15中所示的实施例类似的实施例，其中，光导部件1930包括提供屈光度的底部耦合表面1937。光120穿过表面1936进入光导1930内部，并且反射离开镜面或部分镜面反射表面1535。然后，光穿过底部耦合表面1937离开光导1930并且通过底部耦合表面1937的光焦度汇聚到探测器111上。作为发射器，由发射器110发射的光基本上由底部耦合表面1937的光焦度汇聚。这有利地允许捕获来自发射器110的更大角分布的光120并且对光进行准直以将光引导到表面1535。将光耦合到探测器或从发射器耦合光的、具有屈光度的表面的这种特征可以应用于本说明书中提供的包括光导的任何实施例。对于每个曲率半径，曲率角优选地在5-10mm内。
在图20中，示出了与图15中所示的实施例类似的实施例，其中，光导部件2030包括提供屈光度的顶部耦合表面2036。光120穿过顶部耦合表面2036进入光导2030内部，并且反射离开镜面或部分镜面反射表面1535。光120基本上由顶部耦合表面2036的光焦度汇聚，其中，该光焦度是凸的。然后，光穿过底部耦合表面1937离开光导2030并且通过顶部耦合表面2037的光焦度汇聚到探测器111上。作为发射器，由发射器110发射的光基本上由顶部耦合表面1937的光焦度汇聚，其中，该光焦度是凹的。这有利地使光束120竖直地散布，从而减少了部件对准的公差问题。在光焦度是凸的情况下，使光束120更窄但是强度更大。具有屈光度的表面2036的这种特征可以应用于本说明书中提供的包括光导的任何实施例。对于每个曲率半径，曲率角优选地在5-10mm内。
在图21中，示出了具有可以添加到本公开的任何其他实施例的特征的实施例。保护止挡件2190可以是支撑部件1550的延伸部或被固定到支撑部件1550的单独的部件。保护止挡件2190提供了物理止挡件，与任何光导部件(例如，如图21中所示的1530)相比，该物理止挡件沿着触摸表面的平面的法向从触摸表面延伸得更远。该保护止挡件确保了如果触摸设备100被放置成抵靠平坦表面(例如墙壁或地板)，则光导部件1530的顶表面1535将不会被平坦表面刮擦或损坏，因为保护止挡件2190将使触摸设备100和光导部件1530保持远离平坦表面，从而留有间隙。优选地，与任何光导部件相比，保护止挡件2190沿着触摸表面的平面的法向从触摸表面延伸得远至少0.1mm。
在图22中，以顶部耦合表面2236、反射表面2235、反射表面边缘2239、光导2230和支撑部件2250的放大视图示出了与图15中所示的实施例类似的实施例。在该实施例中，提供了附加的吸光层2210，其中，吸光层2210覆盖反射表面边缘2239并且可选地与反射表面2235部分重叠。这有利地允许减少通过边缘2239接收的和/或以非期望角度从光导2230内反射的环境光。该特征可以应用于本说明书中提供的包括具有暴露于环境光的边缘的光导的任何实施例。
在图23中，示出了与图22中所示的实施例类似的实施例，其中，顶部耦合表面2336相对于触摸表面140成角度。顶部耦合表面2336可以相对于触摸表面140成100°至80°之间的角度。将光耦合到触摸表面140或从该触摸表面耦合光的、具有角度的表面的这种特征可以应用于本说明书中提供的包括光导的任何实施例。
在图24中，示出了与图22中所示的实施例类似的实施例，其中，顶部耦合表面2236与面板150间隔开，以提供沟槽2410。沟槽2410有利地允许灰尘、液体或其他碎屑污染表面2236的暴露于触摸表面140的部分。这种特征可以应用于本说明书中提供的包括光导的任何实施例。优选地，沟槽2410在触摸表面140下方延伸0.01mm至2mm之间。
在图25中，示出了与图22中所示的实施例类似的实施例，其中，反射表面2235、反射表面边缘2239和/或顶部耦合表面2336被设置有光学层2510。光学层2510具有比光导2230低的折射率并且可以包括氟聚合物塑料(例如铁氟龙(Teflon)和氟树脂(Cytop))、介电涂层(例如氟化镁或纳米多孔SiO2)。用于将层2510施加到表面2235的技术可以包括溅射沉积、喷涂、浸涂、物理/化学气相沉积。保护层2510有利地防止了对在表面2235处发生的内反射的抑制，同时不影响在表面2236处透射的光学特性。该特征可以应用于本说明书中提供的包括具有暴露于环境光的表面的光导的任何实施例。
在图26中，示出了与图25中所示的实施例类似的实施例，其中，保护层2510被进一步设置有硬质层2610。硬质层2610优选地覆盖最容易受到刮擦的表面、即反射表面2235以及反射表面边缘2239。硬质层2610可以包括介电涂层、塑料硬质涂层、氧化铬、金属片等。硬质层2610有利地对涂层2510进行物理保护。该特征可以应用于本说明书中提供的包括光导的任何实施例，该光导具有暴露于环境光和/或环境或使用者与物体接触而导致磨损的表面。
在图27中，示出了与图25中所示的实施例类似的实施例，其中，反射表面2235、反射表面边缘2239和/或顶部耦合表面2236被设置有硬质层2710。硬质层2710可以包括例如先前实施例的光学透明的硬质涂层以及标准眼镜片涂层。硬质层2710有利地允许对暴露的光导表面进行刮擦保护。该特征可以应用于本说明书中提供的包括光导的任何实施例，该光导具有暴露于环境或使用者与物体接触而导致磨损的表面。
在图28中，示出了与图15中所示的实施例类似的实施例的等距视图，其聚焦于顶部耦合表面2836、光导2830和支撑部件2250。在该实施例中，顶部耦合表面2836包括竖直波纹2810。波纹优选地可以是具有介于0.1mm至1mm之间的周期长度的正弦曲线。这有利地改进了从表面2836出射的光在触摸表面的平面中的散布，这允许更多的扫描线处于高角度。将光耦合到触摸表面140或从该触摸表面耦合光的、具有竖直波纹的表面的这种特征可以应用于本说明书中提供的包括光导的任何实施例。
Claims (15)
1.一种触摸感测设备(100)，所述触摸感测设备包括：
限定触摸表面(140)的透光面板(150)，
沿着所述透光面板的周界布置的多个光发射器(110)和探测器(111)，
沿着所述透光面板的周界布置的多个光学部件，
其中，所述光发射器被布置成发射相应的所发射的光(120)的光束，并且所述光学部件被构造成将所述所发射的光引导到横跨所述透光面板的路径(90)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的触摸感测设备(100)，其中，所述光学部件包括光导，所述光导被布置成通过第一表面接收来自所述光发射器(110)的光，并且通过第二表面将在所述光导中行进的光耦合输出到所述触摸表面(140)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的触摸感测设备(100)，其中，所述第二表面是漫射透射的。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的触摸感测设备(100)，其中，所述光导进一步包括反射表面(235)，所述反射表面被构造成将在所述光导中行进的光从所述第一表面内反射到漫射表面(135)。
5.根据权利要求5所述的触摸感测设备(100)，其中，所述反射表面(235)是漫射反射的、部分漫射反射的或镜面反射的。
6.根据权利要求2所述的触摸感测设备(100)，其中，由高折射率涂层和耐刮擦涂层中的至少一种对所述反射表面进行涂覆。
7.根据权利要求2所述的触摸感测设备(100)，其中，所述第一表面和/或第二表面中的至少一个包括屈光度。
8.根据权利要求2所述的触摸感测设备(100)，其中，所述第一表面和/或第二表面中的至少一个包括波纹。
9.根据权利要求2所述的触摸感测设备(100)，所述触摸感测设备进一步包括在所述第二表面与所述面板(150)之间形成的沟槽(2410)。
10.根据权利要求1所述的触摸感测设备(100)，所述触摸感觉设备进一步包括至少一个保护止挡件(2190)，所述至少一个保护止挡件在光学部件附近被安装到所述触摸感测设备(100)，并且与任何光学部件表面相比，所述至少一个保护止挡件沿着所述触摸表面的平面的法向从所述触摸表面延伸得更远。
11.根据权利要求1所述的触摸感测设备(100)，其中，所述光学部件包括反射器表面，以将来自所述光发射器(110)的光反射到所述触摸表面(140)，其中，所述反射器表面漫射地、部分漫射地或镜面地反射光。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的触摸感测设备(100)，其中，角滤光器被布置在所述光学部件与所述触摸表面(140)之间并且被构造成仅允许在所述触摸表面(140)的平面的10度内行进的光在所述触摸表面与所述光学部件之间穿过。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的触摸感测设备(100)，所述触摸感测设备进一步包括细长通道，所述细长通道被定位在每个光发射器(110)和/或探测器(111)与相应的光学部件的表面之间，其中，所述细长通道包括通道壁，并且其中，所述通道壁的至少一部分被构造成吸收光。
14.根据权利要求13所述的触摸感测设备(100)，其中，所述细长通道由光导、气隙或其他透光介质形成。
15.根据权利要求13或14所述的触摸感测设备(100)，其中，所述细长通道不是笔直的，并且其中，所述通道壁包括内反射表面。
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| EP3676694A4 (en) | 2021-06-09 |
| US11256371B2 (en) | 2022-02-22 |
| WO2019045629A1 (en) | 2019-03-07 |
| US11650699B2 (en) | 2023-05-16 |
| CN111052058B (zh) | 2023-10-20 |
| US20200257405A1 (en) | 2020-08-13 |
| US20230359309A1 (en) | 2023-11-09 |
| CN117311543A (zh) | 2023-12-29 |
| EP3676694A1 (en) | 2020-07-08 |
| US20220291774A1 (en) | 2022-09-15 |
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